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亘爻鬲丕賳 丕賱賰乇夭
Published to tie in with the world premiere at the Abbey Theatre, Dublin
In Chekhov's tragi-comedy - perhaps his most popular play - the Gayev family is torn by powerful forces, forces rooted deep in history and in the society around them. Their estate is hopelessly in debt: urged to cut down their beautiful cherry orchard and sell the land for holiday cottages, they struggle to act decisively. Tom Murphy's fine vernacular version allows us to re-imagine the events of the play in the last days of Anglo-Irish colonialism. It gives this great play vivid new life within our own history and social consciousness.
120 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1903
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About the author
Anton Chekhov
5,315听books9,458听followersDramas, such as
The Seagull
(1896, revised 1898), and including "A Dreary Story" (1889) of Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, also Chekov, concern the inability of humans to communicate.
Born ( 袗薪褌芯薪 袩邪胁谢芯胁懈褔 效械褏芯胁 ) in the small southern seaport of Taganrog, the son of a grocer. His grandfather, a serf, bought his own freedom and that of his three sons in 1841. He also taught to read. A cloth merchant fathered Yevgenia Morozova, his mother.
"When I think back on my childhood," Chekhov recalled, "it all seems quite gloomy to me." Tyranny of his father, religious fanaticism, and long nights in the store, open from five in the morning till midnight, shadowed his early years. He attended a school for Greek boys in Taganrog from 1867 to 1868 and then Taganrog grammar school. Bankruptcy of his father compelled the family to move to Moscow. At the age of 16 years in 1876, independent Chekhov for some time alone in his native town supported through private tutoring.
In 1879, Chekhov left grammar school and entered the university medical school at Moscow. In the school, he began to publish hundreds of short comics to support his mother, sisters and brothers. Nicholas Leikin published him at this period and owned Oskolki (splinters), the journal of Saint Petersburg. His subjected silly social situations, marital problems, and farcical encounters among husbands, wives, mistresses, and lust; even after his marriage, Chekhov, the shy author, knew not much of whims of young women.
Nenunzhaya pobeda , first novel of Chekhov, set in 1882 in Hungary, parodied the novels of the popular M贸r J贸kai. People also mocked ideological optimism of J贸kai as a politician.
Chekhov graduated in 1884 and practiced medicine. He worked from 1885 in Peterburskaia gazeta.
In 1886, Chekhov met H.S. Suvorin, who invited him, a regular contributor, to work for Novoe vremya, the daily paper of Saint Petersburg. He gained a wide fame before 1886. He authored The Shooting Party , his second full-length novel, later translated into English. Agatha Christie used its characters and atmosphere in later her mystery novel The Murder of Roger Ackroyd . First book of Chekhov in 1886 succeeded, and he gradually committed full time. The refusal of the author to join the ranks of social critics arose the wrath of liberal and radical intelligentsia, who criticized him for dealing with serious social and moral questions but avoiding giving answers. Such leaders as Leo Tolstoy and Nikolai Leskov, however, defended him. "I'm not a liberal, or a conservative, or a gradualist, or a monk, or an indifferentist. I should like to be a free artist and that's all..." Chekhov said in 1888.
The failure of The Wood Demon , play in 1889, and problems with novel made Chekhov to withdraw from literature for a period. In 1890, he traveled across Siberia to Sakhalin, remote prison island. He conducted a detailed census of ten thousand convicts and settlers, condemned to live on that harsh island. Chekhov expected to use the results of his research for his doctoral dissertation. Hard conditions on the island probably also weakened his own physical condition. From this journey came his famous travel book.
Chekhov practiced medicine until 1892. During these years, Chechov developed his concept of the dispassionate, non-judgmental author. He outlined his program in a letter to his brother Aleksandr: "1. Absence of lengthy verbiage of political-social-economic nature; 2. total objectivity; 3. truthful descriptions of persons and objects; 4. extreme brevity; 5. audacity and originality; flee the stereotype; 6. compassion." Because he objected that the paper conducted against Alfred Dreyfus, his friendship with Suvorin ended
Born ( 袗薪褌芯薪 袩邪胁谢芯胁懈褔 效械褏芯胁 ) in the small southern seaport of Taganrog, the son of a grocer. His grandfather, a serf, bought his own freedom and that of his three sons in 1841. He also taught to read. A cloth merchant fathered Yevgenia Morozova, his mother.
"When I think back on my childhood," Chekhov recalled, "it all seems quite gloomy to me." Tyranny of his father, religious fanaticism, and long nights in the store, open from five in the morning till midnight, shadowed his early years. He attended a school for Greek boys in Taganrog from 1867 to 1868 and then Taganrog grammar school. Bankruptcy of his father compelled the family to move to Moscow. At the age of 16 years in 1876, independent Chekhov for some time alone in his native town supported through private tutoring.
In 1879, Chekhov left grammar school and entered the university medical school at Moscow. In the school, he began to publish hundreds of short comics to support his mother, sisters and brothers. Nicholas Leikin published him at this period and owned Oskolki (splinters), the journal of Saint Petersburg. His subjected silly social situations, marital problems, and farcical encounters among husbands, wives, mistresses, and lust; even after his marriage, Chekhov, the shy author, knew not much of whims of young women.
Nenunzhaya pobeda , first novel of Chekhov, set in 1882 in Hungary, parodied the novels of the popular M贸r J贸kai. People also mocked ideological optimism of J贸kai as a politician.
Chekhov graduated in 1884 and practiced medicine. He worked from 1885 in Peterburskaia gazeta.
In 1886, Chekhov met H.S. Suvorin, who invited him, a regular contributor, to work for Novoe vremya, the daily paper of Saint Petersburg. He gained a wide fame before 1886. He authored The Shooting Party , his second full-length novel, later translated into English. Agatha Christie used its characters and atmosphere in later her mystery novel The Murder of Roger Ackroyd . First book of Chekhov in 1886 succeeded, and he gradually committed full time. The refusal of the author to join the ranks of social critics arose the wrath of liberal and radical intelligentsia, who criticized him for dealing with serious social and moral questions but avoiding giving answers. Such leaders as Leo Tolstoy and Nikolai Leskov, however, defended him. "I'm not a liberal, or a conservative, or a gradualist, or a monk, or an indifferentist. I should like to be a free artist and that's all..." Chekhov said in 1888.
The failure of The Wood Demon , play in 1889, and problems with novel made Chekhov to withdraw from literature for a period. In 1890, he traveled across Siberia to Sakhalin, remote prison island. He conducted a detailed census of ten thousand convicts and settlers, condemned to live on that harsh island. Chekhov expected to use the results of his research for his doctoral dissertation. Hard conditions on the island probably also weakened his own physical condition. From this journey came his famous travel book.
Chekhov practiced medicine until 1892. During these years, Chechov developed his concept of the dispassionate, non-judgmental author. He outlined his program in a letter to his brother Aleksandr: "1. Absence of lengthy verbiage of political-social-economic nature; 2. total objectivity; 3. truthful descriptions of persons and objects; 4. extreme brevity; 5. audacity and originality; flee the stereotype; 6. compassion." Because he objected that the paper conducted against Alfred Dreyfus, his friendship with Suvorin ended
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August 10, 2021
袙懈褕薪褢胁褘泄 褋邪写 = Vishnevyi Sad = The Cherry Orchard, Anton Chekhov
The play concerns an aristocratic Russian landowner who returns to her family estate (which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is auctioned to pay the mortgage.
Unresponsive to offers to save the estate, she allows its sale to the son of a former serf; the family leaves to the sound of the cherry orchard being cut down.
The story presents themes of cultural futility 鈥� both the futile attempts of the aristocracy to maintain its status and of the bourgeoisie to find meaning in its newfound materialism.
It dramatists the socio-economic forces in Russia at the turn of the 20th century, including the rise of the middle class after the abolition of serfdom in the mid-19th century and the decline of the power of the aristocracy.
Characters: Anya Andreyevna Ranevskaya, Varia, fiica adoptiva a Ranevskaiei, Gaev Leonid Andreevici, fratele Ranevskaiei, Lopahin Iermolai Alexeevici, negustor, Trofimov Piotr Sergheevici, student, Simeonov-Piscik Boris Borisovici, mosier, Charlotta Ivanovna, guvernanta, Epihodov Simion Panteleevici, contabil, Duniasa, fata in casa, Firs, lacheu, Iasa, tinar lacheu, Lyubov Andreyevna Ranevskaya
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 賲丕賴 丕讴鬲亘乇 爻丕賱 1973賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲: 亘夭乇诏 毓賱賵蹖貨
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€� 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲 爻蹖賲鈥嵺屸€嵸嗏€� 丿丕賳鈥嵷粹€嵸堌必� 賲卮禺氐丕鬲 賳卮乇 丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲 賳蹖賱貙 1347貨 丿乇 94氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 卮乇丕乇賴 蹖賵爻賮蹖貨 1362貙 丿乇 103氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 丕氐賮賴丕賳貙 賳卮乇 丕爻倬丕丿丕賳丕貙 1370貙 丿乇 103氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 賯胤乇賴貙 1383貨 丿乇 110氐貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇賲 1385貨 趩丕倬 倬賳噩賲 1387貨 趩丕倬 卮卮賲 1388貨 卮丕亘讴 9643412482貨 趩丕倬 賳賴賲 1391貨 卮丕亘讴 9789643412487貨 趩丕倬 丿賴賲 1392貨 趩丕倬 蹖丕夭丿賴賲 1393貨 賲賵囟賵毓 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 乇賵爻蹖賴 - 爻丿賴 19賲
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲: 亘賴乇賵夭 鬲賵乇丕賳蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 賮丕乇蹖丕亘貙 1362貙 丿乇 91氐貨 鬲乇噩賲賴 丕夭 亘乇诏乇丿丕賳 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 讴丕鬲賱蹖賳 讴賵讴貨
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲 賳丕賴蹖丿 讴丕卮蹖趩蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩賵丕賳賴 鬲賵爻貙 1386貙 丿乇 76氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9789649552443貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 1387貨 趩丕倬 爻賵賲 1388貨 趩丕倬 賴賮鬲賲 1392貨
丕蹖賳 賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝� 乇丕 賲鬲乇噩賲丕賳 亘夭乇诏賵丕乇蹖 賴賲趩賵賳 禺丕賳賲賴丕 賵 丌賯丕蹖丕賳: 芦亘夭乇诏 毓賱賵蹖禄貙 芦爻蹖賲蹖賳 丿丕賳卮賵乇禄貙 芦亘賴乇賵夭 鬲賵乇丕賳蹖禄貙 賵 芦賳丕賴蹖丿 讴丕卮蹖趩蹖禄貙 亘賴 賮丕乇爻蹖 亘乇诏乇丿丕賳丿賴 丕賳丿貨
賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 蹖讴 夭賳 丕卮乇丕賮鈥屫藏ж� 蹖 芦乇賵爻禄貙 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥� 蹖 丕蹖卮丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 丿賱 丕賳诏蹖夭卮丕賳貙 丿乇 诏乇賵 亘丕賳讴 丕爻鬲貙 賵 趩賵賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丿乇丌賲丿蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 賯乇丕乇 卮丿賴貙 亘丕睾 賵 賲賱讴卮丕賳 丨乇丕噩 卮賵丿貨 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴蹖趩 讴丕乇蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 賳噩丕鬲 丕夭 賵乇卮讴爻鬲诏蹖貙 賵 噩賱賵诏蹖乇蹖 丕夭 賮乇賵卮 亘丕睾貙 丕賳噩丕賲 賳賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 賵 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳貙 芦亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵禄 亘賴 蹖讴 丿賴賯丕賳鈥屫藏ж� 蹖 鬲丕夭賴 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴貙 賮乇賵禺鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 蹖 芦乇丕賳賵爻讴蹖禄貙 亘丕睾 乇丕 鬲乇讴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖鈥屭┵� 氐丿丕蹖 鬲亘乇蹖 亘賴 诏賵卮 賲蹖鈥屫必池� 讴賴 丿乇禺鬲鈥屬囏й� 亘丕睾 乇丕 賯胤毓 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� ...貨 禺賵丕賳卮 丿賵亘丕乇賴 蹖 芦亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵禄貙 蹖丕丿賲丕賳賴丕蹖 丿賵乇丕賳 讴賵丿讴蹖賲 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖賲 夭賳丿賴 讴乇丿 賵 ...貨
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 03/06/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 18/05/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
The play concerns an aristocratic Russian landowner who returns to her family estate (which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is auctioned to pay the mortgage.
Unresponsive to offers to save the estate, she allows its sale to the son of a former serf; the family leaves to the sound of the cherry orchard being cut down.
The story presents themes of cultural futility 鈥� both the futile attempts of the aristocracy to maintain its status and of the bourgeoisie to find meaning in its newfound materialism.
It dramatists the socio-economic forces in Russia at the turn of the 20th century, including the rise of the middle class after the abolition of serfdom in the mid-19th century and the decline of the power of the aristocracy.
Characters: Anya Andreyevna Ranevskaya, Varia, fiica adoptiva a Ranevskaiei, Gaev Leonid Andreevici, fratele Ranevskaiei, Lopahin Iermolai Alexeevici, negustor, Trofimov Piotr Sergheevici, student, Simeonov-Piscik Boris Borisovici, mosier, Charlotta Ivanovna, guvernanta, Epihodov Simion Panteleevici, contabil, Duniasa, fata in casa, Firs, lacheu, Iasa, tinar lacheu, Lyubov Andreyevna Ranevskaya
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 賲丕賴 丕讴鬲亘乇 爻丕賱 1973賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲: 亘夭乇诏 毓賱賵蹖貨
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€� 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲 爻蹖賲鈥嵺屸€嵸嗏€� 丿丕賳鈥嵷粹€嵸堌必� 賲卮禺氐丕鬲 賳卮乇 丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲 賳蹖賱貙 1347貨 丿乇 94氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 卮乇丕乇賴 蹖賵爻賮蹖貨 1362貙 丿乇 103氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 丕氐賮賴丕賳貙 賳卮乇 丕爻倬丕丿丕賳丕貙 1370貙 丿乇 103氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 賯胤乇賴貙 1383貨 丿乇 110氐貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇賲 1385貨 趩丕倬 倬賳噩賲 1387貨 趩丕倬 卮卮賲 1388貨 卮丕亘讴 9643412482貨 趩丕倬 賳賴賲 1391貨 卮丕亘讴 9789643412487貨 趩丕倬 丿賴賲 1392貨 趩丕倬 蹖丕夭丿賴賲 1393貨 賲賵囟賵毓 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 乇賵爻蹖賴 - 爻丿賴 19賲
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲: 亘賴乇賵夭 鬲賵乇丕賳蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 賮丕乇蹖丕亘貙 1362貙 丿乇 91氐貨 鬲乇噩賲賴 丕夭 亘乇诏乇丿丕賳 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 讴丕鬲賱蹖賳 讴賵讴貨
毓賳賵丕賳: 亘丕睾鈥� 丌賱鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵸�: 賳鈥嵸呪€嵷й屸€嵷粹€嵸嗏€嵷з呪€嵸団€� 丿乇 趩鈥嵸団€嵷ж� 倬鈥嵷必団€屫� 賳賵卮鈥嵷€嵸団€�: 丌賳鈥嵷€嵸堎嗏€� 趩鈥嵷€嵸堎佲€屫� 賲鬲乇噩賲 賳丕賴蹖丿 讴丕卮蹖趩蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩賵丕賳賴 鬲賵爻貙 1386貙 丿乇 76氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9789649552443貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 1387貨 趩丕倬 爻賵賲 1388貨 趩丕倬 賴賮鬲賲 1392貨
丕蹖賳 賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝� 乇丕 賲鬲乇噩賲丕賳 亘夭乇诏賵丕乇蹖 賴賲趩賵賳 禺丕賳賲賴丕 賵 丌賯丕蹖丕賳: 芦亘夭乇诏 毓賱賵蹖禄貙 芦爻蹖賲蹖賳 丿丕賳卮賵乇禄貙 芦亘賴乇賵夭 鬲賵乇丕賳蹖禄貙 賵 芦賳丕賴蹖丿 讴丕卮蹖趩蹖禄貙 亘賴 賮丕乇爻蹖 亘乇诏乇丿丕賳丿賴 丕賳丿貨
賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 蹖讴 夭賳 丕卮乇丕賮鈥屫藏ж� 蹖 芦乇賵爻禄貙 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥� 蹖 丕蹖卮丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 丿賱 丕賳诏蹖夭卮丕賳貙 丿乇 诏乇賵 亘丕賳讴 丕爻鬲貙 賵 趩賵賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丿乇丌賲丿蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 賯乇丕乇 卮丿賴貙 亘丕睾 賵 賲賱讴卮丕賳 丨乇丕噩 卮賵丿貨 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴蹖趩 讴丕乇蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 賳噩丕鬲 丕夭 賵乇卮讴爻鬲诏蹖貙 賵 噩賱賵诏蹖乇蹖 丕夭 賮乇賵卮 亘丕睾貙 丕賳噩丕賲 賳賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 賵 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳貙 芦亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵禄 亘賴 蹖讴 丿賴賯丕賳鈥屫藏ж� 蹖 鬲丕夭賴 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴貙 賮乇賵禺鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 蹖 芦乇丕賳賵爻讴蹖禄貙 亘丕睾 乇丕 鬲乇讴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖鈥屭┵� 氐丿丕蹖 鬲亘乇蹖 亘賴 诏賵卮 賲蹖鈥屫必池� 讴賴 丿乇禺鬲鈥屬囏й� 亘丕睾 乇丕 賯胤毓 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� ...貨 禺賵丕賳卮 丿賵亘丕乇賴 蹖 芦亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵禄貙 蹖丕丿賲丕賳賴丕蹖 丿賵乇丕賳 讴賵丿讴蹖賲 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖賲 夭賳丿賴 讴乇丿 賵 ...貨
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 03/06/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 18/05/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
October 19, 2022
賴賳丕賰 丕爻丿 賲賯亘賱 賲賳 亘毓賷丿 賱賷賲夭賯賰..賴賳丕賰 丕禺鬲賷丕乇賷賳 賱賱毓賯賱丕亍..丕賲丕 丕賳 鬲噩乇賷 賰丕賱馗賱賷賲 賱賵 賰賳鬲 賵丕賯毓賷丕
丕賵 鬲亘丨孬 毓賳 爻賱丕丨 賱鬲賵丕噩賴賴 賱賵 賰賳鬲 卮噩丕毓丕
賱賰賳 毓賳丿賲丕 賷賰賵賳 丕禺鬲賷丕乇賰 賴賵 兀賳 鬲賯賮 賵鬲睾賳賷 賵 鬲乇賯氐 乇賯氐鬲賰 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 馃拑丕匕賳 賮丕賳鬲 鬲爻鬲丨賯 丕賱丕賱鬲賴丕賲
賵賴匕丕 賲丕 賮毓賱鬲賴 賲丿丕賲 乇丕賳賮爻賰賷 丕賰孬乇 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕爻鬲賮夭丕夭丕 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱乇賵爻賷..鬲賱賰 丕賱丕乇爻鬲賯乇丕胤賷丞 丕賱毓丕噩夭丞 毓賳 廿丿乇丕賰 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賵 丕賱鬲賰賷賮 賲毓賴
毓丕卮鬲 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賲毓 夭賵噩賴丕 賮賷 亘賷鬲 兀孬乇賷 賮爻賷丨 鬲丨賷胤 亘賴馃尦 兀卮噩丕乇 丕賱賰乇夭 丕賱亘丕爻賯丞..乇丨賱 夭賵噩賴丕 亘毓丿 丕賳 兀爻乇賮 賮賷 丕賱丕爻鬲丿丕賳丞..賵 丕賳胤賱賯鬲 賴賷 賱鬲毓賵囟 賲丕 賮丕鬲賴丕 賲賳 賲鬲毓 丕賱丨賷丕丞 貨毓丕卮鬲 亘亘丕乇賷爻 賱爻賳賵丕鬲 賲毓 卮丕亘 貨 賴噩乇賴丕..賮鬲毓賵丿 賱鬲噩丿 丕賳 丕賲賱丕賰賴丕 鬲賲 丕賱丨噩夭 毓賱賷賴丕
賵 賱賰賳 賴賳丕賰 丨賱 丕禺賷乇. ..賮賴賱 鬲賯亘賱賴責
丕賲 丕賳賴丕 爻鬲毓胤賷賳丕 丿乇爻 賮賷 丕賱毓噩夭 毓賳 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞 賵 丕賱鬲丨乇賰 丕賵 丕賱禺乇賵噩 賲賳 毓丕賱賲 丕賱匕丕鬲責 ..
丕賲 爻鬲賯賷丿 賳賮爻賴丕 亘丨噩乇 丕禺賷乇 賷賴賵賶 亘賴丕 賱賱賯丕毓 丕賱爻丨賷賯 責馃寠
亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 賱賱丕爻賱賵亘 賵 丕賱丨亘賰丞 賵 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 ..賮丕賳丕 丕乇賶 丕賳 賴賳丕賰 鬲卮賷賰賵賮鉁�
孬賲 賴賳丕賰 賰賱 丕賱丕禺乇賷賳 賲毓丕
胤賵丕賱 賯乇丕亍丞 賲爻乇丨賷丞 鬲卮賷賰賵賮 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賴匕賴 貨 爻賷賰賵賳 賱丿賷賰 丕賲賳賷丞 賵丕丨丿丞 :丕賱丕 賵 賴賷 囟乇亘 乇兀爻 賲丿丕賲 乇丕賳賮爻賰賷 賮賷 兀賯乇亘 丨丕卅胤鈿�. .毓賱賴丕 鬲賮賴賲
丕賵 鬲亘丨孬 毓賳 爻賱丕丨 賱鬲賵丕噩賴賴 賱賵 賰賳鬲 卮噩丕毓丕
賱賰賳 毓賳丿賲丕 賷賰賵賳 丕禺鬲賷丕乇賰 賴賵 兀賳 鬲賯賮 賵鬲睾賳賷 賵 鬲乇賯氐 乇賯氐鬲賰 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 馃拑丕匕賳 賮丕賳鬲 鬲爻鬲丨賯 丕賱丕賱鬲賴丕賲
賵賴匕丕 賲丕 賮毓賱鬲賴 賲丿丕賲 乇丕賳賮爻賰賷 丕賰孬乇 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕爻鬲賮夭丕夭丕 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱乇賵爻賷..鬲賱賰 丕賱丕乇爻鬲賯乇丕胤賷丞 丕賱毓丕噩夭丞 毓賳 廿丿乇丕賰 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賵 丕賱鬲賰賷賮 賲毓賴
毓丕卮鬲 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賲毓 夭賵噩賴丕 賮賷 亘賷鬲 兀孬乇賷 賮爻賷丨 鬲丨賷胤 亘賴馃尦 兀卮噩丕乇 丕賱賰乇夭 丕賱亘丕爻賯丞..乇丨賱 夭賵噩賴丕 亘毓丿 丕賳 兀爻乇賮 賮賷 丕賱丕爻鬲丿丕賳丞..賵 丕賳胤賱賯鬲 賴賷 賱鬲毓賵囟 賲丕 賮丕鬲賴丕 賲賳 賲鬲毓 丕賱丨賷丕丞 貨毓丕卮鬲 亘亘丕乇賷爻 賱爻賳賵丕鬲 賲毓 卮丕亘 貨 賴噩乇賴丕..賮鬲毓賵丿 賱鬲噩丿 丕賳 丕賲賱丕賰賴丕 鬲賲 丕賱丨噩夭 毓賱賷賴丕
賵 賱賰賳 賴賳丕賰 丨賱 丕禺賷乇. ..賮賴賱 鬲賯亘賱賴責
丕賲 丕賳賴丕 爻鬲毓胤賷賳丕 丿乇爻 賮賷 丕賱毓噩夭 毓賳 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞 賵 丕賱鬲丨乇賰 丕賵 丕賱禺乇賵噩 賲賳 毓丕賱賲 丕賱匕丕鬲責 ..
丕賲 爻鬲賯賷丿 賳賮爻賴丕 亘丨噩乇 丕禺賷乇 賷賴賵賶 亘賴丕 賱賱賯丕毓 丕賱爻丨賷賯 責馃寠
亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 賱賱丕爻賱賵亘 賵 丕賱丨亘賰丞 賵 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 ..賮丕賳丕 丕乇賶 丕賳 賴賳丕賰 鬲卮賷賰賵賮鉁�
孬賲 賴賳丕賰 賰賱 丕賱丕禺乇賷賳 賲毓丕
胤賵丕賱 賯乇丕亍丞 賲爻乇丨賷丞 鬲卮賷賰賵賮 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賴匕賴 貨 爻賷賰賵賳 賱丿賷賰 丕賲賳賷丞 賵丕丨丿丞 :丕賱丕 賵 賴賷 囟乇亘 乇兀爻 賲丿丕賲 乇丕賳賮爻賰賷 賮賷 兀賯乇亘 丨丕卅胤鈿�. .毓賱賴丕 鬲賮賴賲
February 17, 2025
"Life has gone by as if I never lived"
~~~
I've read many times, but for the first time I had the realization that it was written by a man who knew he was dying. The dying Chekhov realized he was part of a dying breed in a dying country. And while he had no idea what lie ahead, he knew change was coming to Mother Russia.
What matters in Chekhov鈥檚 last play, and in Trevor Griffiths translation, is way that chance affects our lives; the unpredictability of our lives. In such seeming insignificances dramatically occur as: an inopportune remark about the weather; an errant stick with which Varya bashes Lopakhin on the head; many social blunders and the comedy/tragedy of humankind summons large on Chekhov鈥檚 canvass. Additionally, we discover grief over the death of a child and deep concerns over the fate of a family estate with its famous, obsolete cherry orchard as well as varying objectives and ideologies over the need for money to exist. Chekhov called his play a 鈥榯heatre of mood with submerged life in the text鈥�. may have more meaning today than it has since it was first premiered.
The destruction of the cherry orchard has less to do with the unhappy removal of something once cherished, than the fact that it remaining is blocking progress on many levels. Even Madame Ranevskaya lives entirely in the past and holds onto nothing in the present. The play is also about the decline of one era and the unknown onset of another. Much like the world we live in today.
~~~
I've read many times, but for the first time I had the realization that it was written by a man who knew he was dying. The dying Chekhov realized he was part of a dying breed in a dying country. And while he had no idea what lie ahead, he knew change was coming to Mother Russia.
What matters in Chekhov鈥檚 last play, and in Trevor Griffiths translation, is way that chance affects our lives; the unpredictability of our lives. In such seeming insignificances dramatically occur as: an inopportune remark about the weather; an errant stick with which Varya bashes Lopakhin on the head; many social blunders and the comedy/tragedy of humankind summons large on Chekhov鈥檚 canvass. Additionally, we discover grief over the death of a child and deep concerns over the fate of a family estate with its famous, obsolete cherry orchard as well as varying objectives and ideologies over the need for money to exist. Chekhov called his play a 鈥榯heatre of mood with submerged life in the text鈥�. may have more meaning today than it has since it was first premiered.
The destruction of the cherry orchard has less to do with the unhappy removal of something once cherished, than the fact that it remaining is blocking progress on many levels. Even Madame Ranevskaya lives entirely in the past and holds onto nothing in the present. The play is also about the decline of one era and the unknown onset of another. Much like the world we live in today.
September 19, 2020
For me, Anton Chekhov has always been a bright star in Russian literature. His short stories have always fascinated me - witty, clever, both funny and sad, with brilliant astute insights into human soul, with all its pettiness and smallness and loveliness. They were perhaps a bit too modern for the stuffy times he lived in. (He wrote many of the short humorous stories in his youth, and in the tradition of serious Russian literature, was heavily criticized for wasting his talent on such inconsequential things. Serious literature can be a real buzzkill.) His plays, however, have not appealed much to me when I first read them years ago, and so I decided, being older and wiser, to give them another go. And I鈥檓 glad I did.
The Cherry Orchard is Chekhov鈥檚 last play, written in 1903, a year before he died of illness at the age 44. Apparently he called it a comedy, but it鈥檚 more frequently interpreted as a tragedy, with the result being a peculiar tragicomedy that still has a strangely timeless appeal.
A wealthy widowed landowner Lyubov Ranevskaya returns to her ancestral estate after several years in France. The estate and its magnificent cherry orchard are about to be sold to pay off debts (it鈥檚 not cheap to lead the life of aristocracy, and it adds up when you thoughtlessly throw your money away on stupid whims) and Ranevskaya and her family clutch at the sentimental value in the orchard as a new practical rich merchant Lopakhin (a son of a former serf) proposes a valid economical solution of cutting the orchard down and (how plebeian and vulgar!) renting out the plots of land for summer villas. The estate gets sold, the orchard is chopped down, and a faithful servant to the aristocracy is left behind to die.
It鈥檚 bitterly comical without being overtly funny, bordering on tragedy and farce at the same time. When I read it in my teens, I felt very sorry for the aristocratic family losing their treasured orchard, while simultaneously feeling very annoyed and irritated by the whole frustrating lot of them. Now it鈥檚 hard not to see the wonderful interplay between satire and poignancy, humor and melancholy, intense longing for beauty and stillness of human awkwardness. People talk and soliloqulize, disorganized, scatterbrained, without ever actually listening to each other, and they are pathetic and silly and lovely at the same time, and it鈥檚 a tragicomedy indeed.
It鈥檚 a story of decline of old aristocracy and emergence of a new, middle-class, seemingly more crass and less refined way of life. The decline of the old way of life with its leisure and serenity that inherited wealth and 鈥済entle鈥� refined upbringing brought may seem sad, but is also inevitable. The parasitic existence of refined and cultivated nobility, although beautiful and seductive, runs smack into the middle of enterpreneual pragmatism of the new middle class, and this clash and crash is that proverbial trainwreck that is both sad and funny to watch.
But Chekhov does not take sides very much. He really pokes fun at everybody. The old clueless aristocracy, completely unprepared to survive in the changing world decades after the serfs were freed, used to effortlessly comfortable existence. The 鈥渆ternal student鈥�, full of grandiose well-meaning ideas striking in his impracticality and na茂vet茅:
Chekhov is really good at understanding people, the good and bad and annoying in them, the dangers and ridiculousness of mundane vulgarity, banality and smallness of the soul, and the casual cruelty we so easily and rudely throw at each other. The people in his play are all a bit contemptible, pathetic, laughable - and yet there鈥檚 something mesmerizing about this whole thing.
And also - there IS a gun in the play, but unlike the whole idea of the proverbial Chekhov鈥檚 gun, it鈥檚 never fired. It鈥檚 the axe to the trees instead, and a sad little party while the orchard is being sold.
And then the Russian Revolution will rage through the land a decade and a half later, taking Trofimov鈥檚 ideas quite a few steps further than intended, putting an end to the new way of life that ended the aristocracy way of life, and many more orchards will meet the axe.
4 stars.
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌�
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌�
鹿 As always, translations from Russian are mine, so they certainly may sound different from what you may have read.
The Cherry Orchard is Chekhov鈥檚 last play, written in 1903, a year before he died of illness at the age 44. Apparently he called it a comedy, but it鈥檚 more frequently interpreted as a tragedy, with the result being a peculiar tragicomedy that still has a strangely timeless appeal.
鈥淚鈥檓 leaving for Paris, I will live there on the money that your grandmother from Yaroslavl sent to buy the estate - long live your grandmother! - and this money won鈥檛 last me for long.鈥澛�
A wealthy widowed landowner Lyubov Ranevskaya returns to her ancestral estate after several years in France. The estate and its magnificent cherry orchard are about to be sold to pay off debts (it鈥檚 not cheap to lead the life of aristocracy, and it adds up when you thoughtlessly throw your money away on stupid whims) and Ranevskaya and her family clutch at the sentimental value in the orchard as a new practical rich merchant Lopakhin (a son of a former serf) proposes a valid economical solution of cutting the orchard down and (how plebeian and vulgar!) renting out the plots of land for summer villas. The estate gets sold, the orchard is chopped down, and a faithful servant to the aristocracy is left behind to die.
鈥淚f only my father and my grandfather could rise from their graves and see what is happening - how their Ermolay, beaten and barely literate Ermolay who used to go barefoot in winter, how this Ermolay bought the most beautiful estate in the world. I bought the estate where father and grandfather used to be slaves, where they weren鈥檛 even allowed in the kitchens.鈥澛�
It鈥檚 bitterly comical without being overtly funny, bordering on tragedy and farce at the same time. When I read it in my teens, I felt very sorry for the aristocratic family losing their treasured orchard, while simultaneously feeling very annoyed and irritated by the whole frustrating lot of them. Now it鈥檚 hard not to see the wonderful interplay between satire and poignancy, humor and melancholy, intense longing for beauty and stillness of human awkwardness. People talk and soliloqulize, disorganized, scatterbrained, without ever actually listening to each other, and they are pathetic and silly and lovely at the same time, and it鈥檚 a tragicomedy indeed.
It鈥檚 a story of decline of old aristocracy and emergence of a new, middle-class, seemingly more crass and less refined way of life. The decline of the old way of life with its leisure and serenity that inherited wealth and 鈥済entle鈥� refined upbringing brought may seem sad, but is also inevitable. The parasitic existence of refined and cultivated nobility, although beautiful and seductive, runs smack into the middle of enterpreneual pragmatism of the new middle class, and this clash and crash is that proverbial trainwreck that is both sad and funny to watch.
(Side note: Unlike many contemporary Russian writers, Anton Chekhov did not come from aristocracy. His grandfather was a serf who bought freedom for himself and his family. Chekhov had to work for a living, and trained to be a medical doctor.)
But Chekhov does not take sides very much. He really pokes fun at everybody. The old clueless aristocracy, completely unprepared to survive in the changing world decades after the serfs were freed, used to effortlessly comfortable existence. The 鈥渆ternal student鈥�, full of grandiose well-meaning ideas striking in his impracticality and na茂vet茅:
鈥淲hat she can鈥檛 get into her narrow mind is that we are above love. To bypass the small and illusory things that prevent us from freedom and happiness - that鈥檚 the goal and the meaning of our lives. Forward! We are unstoppably heading towards the bright star that is burning so far ahead! Forward! Keep up, my friends!鈥澛�The new vulgar class of servants, with overinflated egos due to their self-perceived importance by 鈥渁ssociation鈥� with old ruling classes. The new self-made middle class, whose practicality and pragmatism, although obviously successful, can easily seem crass in the face of the old aristocratic refinery and gloss. The former serf, now a devoted servant, who is so unable to move on from the life he remembers and idolizes, that he seems content to meekly lie down and die when abandoned by his masters. They all are targets of his wit and satire, and you, the reader, can make out whatever suits you out of this.
Lopakhin: 鈥淵ou know, I get up at five in the morning, work all day, always deal with money, mine and others鈥�, and I see how people are. You just need to start doing anything and you鈥檒l realize how few of honest, honorable people there are. Sometimes, when I can鈥檛 sleep, I think - dear Lord, you have us enormous forests, unmeasurable fields, deepest horizons, and living here we should have been giants鈥︹€�
Lyubov Andreevna: 鈥淲hat do you need giants for?.. They are only fine in fairytales, and otherwise are frightening.鈥澛�
Chekhov is really good at understanding people, the good and bad and annoying in them, the dangers and ridiculousness of mundane vulgarity, banality and smallness of the soul, and the casual cruelty we so easily and rudely throw at each other. The people in his play are all a bit contemptible, pathetic, laughable - and yet there鈥檚 something mesmerizing about this whole thing.
And also - there IS a gun in the play, but unlike the whole idea of the proverbial Chekhov鈥檚 gun, it鈥檚 never fired. It鈥檚 the axe to the trees instead, and a sad little party while the orchard is being sold.
And then the Russian Revolution will rage through the land a decade and a half later, taking Trofimov鈥檚 ideas quite a few steps further than intended, putting an end to the new way of life that ended the aristocracy way of life, and many more orchards will meet the axe.
4 stars.
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌�
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌�
鹿 As always, translations from Russian are mine, so they certainly may sound different from what you may have read.
May 1, 2023
鬲賯賮夭 丕賱賶 丕賱匕賴賳 賮賵乇丕 氐賵乇丞 鬲賷鬲丕賳賷賰 賵 賴賶 鬲睾乇賯 亘賷賳賲丕 丕賱毓丕夭賮賷賳 賲爻鬲賲乇賷賳 賮賶 丕賱毓夭賮 賵 賰兀賳賴賲 賱丕 賷毓賳賷賴賲 卮賶亍 賲賲丕 賷丨丿孬 丨賵賱賴賲 兀賵 賰兀賳賴賲 賲賵馗賮賶 賰賵丕乇孬 賰乇噩丕賱 丕賱廿賳賯丕匕 鬲賲丕賲丕 賵 丕賱毓夭賮 賴賵 噩夭亍 賲賳 噩賴賵丿 丕賱廿賳賯丕匕 賵 亘孬 丕賱兀賲賱 賮賶 丕賱睾丕乇賯賷賳
賰丕賳 丕賱亘毓囟 賰匕賱賰 賮賶 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 亘賷賳賲丕 賰丕賳 丕賱亘毓囟 丕賱兀禺乇 賰毓丕氐賲 丕賱賲賯丕賲乇 丕賱睾賳賶 丕賱賮丕卮賱 賮賶 賰賱 卮賶亍 賵 丕賱匕賶 賷賳鬲馗乇 賲賳 卮亘賷賴賴 噩賲賷夭 兀賳 賷丨賱 賱賴 賰賱 賲卮丕賰賱賴 毓賳 胤乇賷賯 丕賱賲賯丕賲乇賴 賲毓 丕賱丿丕卅賳賷賳 賵 丕賱乇賴丕賳 毓賱賶 乇賯賲 鬲爻毓賴 丕賱匕賶 噩毓賱賴賲 賷禺爻乇賵賳 丨鬲賶 賲賱丕亘爻賴賲
賮賶 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 囟丕毓鬲 丕賱囟賷毓賴 賵 丕噩鬲孬 丕賱賲卮鬲乇賶 兀卮噩丕乇 丕賱賰乇夭 賱賷賯賷賲 賲賰丕賳賴丕 賮賷賱丕鬲 賱賱賲氐胤丕賮賷賳 鬲賲丕賲丕 賰賲丕 賷丨丿孬 賱丿賷賳丕 丕賱兀賳 賰賱 賷賵賲
賮賯胤 賴賲 爻亘賯賵賳丕 賮賶 丕賱囟賷丕毓 亘賲丕卅鬲賶 毓丕賲
July 31, 2013
It鈥檚 true what they say. Chekhov鈥檚 got guns!
This is a great play about the decline of the Russian aristocracy, its implications for the working class rising to fill the vacancies left by those cash-stricken families, and the complications propagated by these changes, namely the social inadequacies of those who get sucked into this newfound vacuum.
I read recently and while I did like the play, it did not shake my maracas as much as I had hoped it would. There are intertwining themes between the two plays (and perhaps among Chekhov鈥檚 plays in general), such as the emphasis placed on working鈥攁s both a route to happiness as well as a practical method by which to quantify one鈥檚 worth鈥攂ut I think overall The Cherry Orchard has more going on, and has characters that are (to me) more interesting.
Take Lubov Andreyevna, for example. Lubov is the matriarch of the high-society family which is about to lose its beloved cherry orchard (along with the rest of the estate, too, but they all seem to be concerned only with the pretty trees) on account of a cash flow shortage that prevents them from paying their mortgage. These solvency problems are reflected in the predicaments of other landowners in the play, as well, like those of Simeonov-Pischin, who is constantly seeking a loan. Lubov has difficulty facing the gravity of the situation, having lived all her life in general ease and comfort, not having to work, and assumes things will naturally work themselves out in her favor. (They do not, by the way.) And yes there are tears and sadness but the tears are reigned in quickly, and Lubov demonstrates some surprising resolve at her capacity to adapt.
There are also other characters I liked. Lopahkin is the former peasant who represents the 鈥渘ew money鈥� in turn-of-the-century Russia, though he does not always know the best way to handle his fun status bump. Fiers, a servant of the older generation, is at a complete loss to absorb the changes occurring around him while Yasha, his young counterpart, is almost embarrassing in his insolence, clearly not knowing his place (Fiers鈥檚 view) or perhaps percipient in recognizing what is happening and putting his native chameleonic qualities to good use.
In the end, I empathized with most of the characters in this play, feeling the acute twinges of pain in seeing the symbolic orchard meet its inevitable fate, but it is a pain swiftly assuaged. These characters reconcile themselves to their respective futures, and do so stoically, choosing to view the loss of the orchard not as an end per se, but as merely a different bud from which their new lives will thenceforth germinate.
This is a great play about the decline of the Russian aristocracy, its implications for the working class rising to fill the vacancies left by those cash-stricken families, and the complications propagated by these changes, namely the social inadequacies of those who get sucked into this newfound vacuum.
I read recently and while I did like the play, it did not shake my maracas as much as I had hoped it would. There are intertwining themes between the two plays (and perhaps among Chekhov鈥檚 plays in general), such as the emphasis placed on working鈥攁s both a route to happiness as well as a practical method by which to quantify one鈥檚 worth鈥攂ut I think overall The Cherry Orchard has more going on, and has characters that are (to me) more interesting.
Take Lubov Andreyevna, for example. Lubov is the matriarch of the high-society family which is about to lose its beloved cherry orchard (along with the rest of the estate, too, but they all seem to be concerned only with the pretty trees) on account of a cash flow shortage that prevents them from paying their mortgage. These solvency problems are reflected in the predicaments of other landowners in the play, as well, like those of Simeonov-Pischin, who is constantly seeking a loan. Lubov has difficulty facing the gravity of the situation, having lived all her life in general ease and comfort, not having to work, and assumes things will naturally work themselves out in her favor. (They do not, by the way.) And yes there are tears and sadness but the tears are reigned in quickly, and Lubov demonstrates some surprising resolve at her capacity to adapt.
There are also other characters I liked. Lopahkin is the former peasant who represents the 鈥渘ew money鈥� in turn-of-the-century Russia, though he does not always know the best way to handle his fun status bump. Fiers, a servant of the older generation, is at a complete loss to absorb the changes occurring around him while Yasha, his young counterpart, is almost embarrassing in his insolence, clearly not knowing his place (Fiers鈥檚 view) or perhaps percipient in recognizing what is happening and putting his native chameleonic qualities to good use.
In the end, I empathized with most of the characters in this play, feeling the acute twinges of pain in seeing the symbolic orchard meet its inevitable fate, but it is a pain swiftly assuaged. These characters reconcile themselves to their respective futures, and do so stoically, choosing to view the loss of the orchard not as an end per se, but as merely a different bud from which their new lives will thenceforth germinate.
March 31, 2022
Tchekhov 茅crit La Cerisaie dans les toutes premi猫res ann茅es du XX猫me si猫cle. Ce sera sa derni猫re pi猫ce et l鈥檜ne des plus c茅l猫bres de son 艙uvre, avec , et . Le sujet est en apparence simplissime : la Cerisaie est un noble domaine familial couvert de cerisiers. Cependant, Lioubov et Ga茂ev, les derniers h茅ritiers de la propri茅t茅 sont cribl茅s de dettes et accul茅s 脿 la vente. En abattant les arbres, le domaine pourra 锚tre d茅membr茅 pour en faire un vaste lotissement pavillonnaire鈥� Triste perspective.
Cette situation est l鈥檕ccasion pour Tchekhov de brosser le portrait d鈥檜ne soci茅t茅 qui bascule de mani猫re feutr茅e dans un nouveau monde : les vieux aristocrates sont ruin茅s et les fils de moujiks sont devenus immens茅ment riches. L鈥檕rage de la r茅volution n鈥檈st pas encore l脿, mais le fond de l鈥檃ir s鈥檈st d茅j脿 consid茅rablement rafraichi.
Pourtant, Tchekhov reste 脿 l鈥櫭ヽart des grandes fresques sociales 脿 la . On a bien un pistolet 脿 un moment de la pi猫ce, mais contrairement au fameux principe du fusil de Tchekhov, il n鈥檈st jamais utilis茅. Ici, la touche du dramaturge est plus l茅g猫re, plus douce, plus subtile, plus pr茅cise, plus proche du r茅el et plus bienveillante que jamais.
Au fond, il s鈥檃git de montrer la vie telle qu鈥檈lle est, avec ses moments dr么les et ses moments tristes qui se succ猫dent sans solution de continuit茅 : moments d鈥檃mour, de solitude, de soucis d鈥檃rgent, de temps qui passe et nous achemine imperceptiblement vers la mort. Et, comme dans la vie, les personnages parlent de petits sujets futiles, p茅riph茅riques, bifurquent tout le temps, tournent autour du pot, se retiennent tant qu鈥檌ls peuvent d鈥檃border et m锚me de songer aux sujets qui les font souffrir ou les motivent 脿 agir. La Cerisaie est un chef-d鈥櫯搖vre du sous-texte et du sous-entendu.
La Cerisaie est aussi et surtout une des pierres fondatrices du th茅芒tre et de la litt茅rature du XX猫me si猫cle. Il y a, tout au long de cette 艙uvre, quelque chose de m茅lancolique qui semble annoncer chez Joyce ou chez Proust, voire Kolt猫s et la saga familiale du . Plus encore, les derniers moments du drame, avec le vieux valet Firs abandonn茅 de tous, qui attend la mort dans une pi猫ce vide, alors que, dehors, on entend le bruit sourd des haches cognant contre le tronc des cerisiers, pr茅figurent d茅j脿 les sc猫nes vaguement comiques et cauchemardesques du th茅芒tre de
Cette situation est l鈥檕ccasion pour Tchekhov de brosser le portrait d鈥檜ne soci茅t茅 qui bascule de mani猫re feutr茅e dans un nouveau monde : les vieux aristocrates sont ruin茅s et les fils de moujiks sont devenus immens茅ment riches. L鈥檕rage de la r茅volution n鈥檈st pas encore l脿, mais le fond de l鈥檃ir s鈥檈st d茅j脿 consid茅rablement rafraichi.
Pourtant, Tchekhov reste 脿 l鈥櫭ヽart des grandes fresques sociales 脿 la . On a bien un pistolet 脿 un moment de la pi猫ce, mais contrairement au fameux principe du fusil de Tchekhov, il n鈥檈st jamais utilis茅. Ici, la touche du dramaturge est plus l茅g猫re, plus douce, plus subtile, plus pr茅cise, plus proche du r茅el et plus bienveillante que jamais.
Au fond, il s鈥檃git de montrer la vie telle qu鈥檈lle est, avec ses moments dr么les et ses moments tristes qui se succ猫dent sans solution de continuit茅 : moments d鈥檃mour, de solitude, de soucis d鈥檃rgent, de temps qui passe et nous achemine imperceptiblement vers la mort. Et, comme dans la vie, les personnages parlent de petits sujets futiles, p茅riph茅riques, bifurquent tout le temps, tournent autour du pot, se retiennent tant qu鈥檌ls peuvent d鈥檃border et m锚me de songer aux sujets qui les font souffrir ou les motivent 脿 agir. La Cerisaie est un chef-d鈥櫯搖vre du sous-texte et du sous-entendu.
La Cerisaie est aussi et surtout une des pierres fondatrices du th茅芒tre et de la litt茅rature du XX猫me si猫cle. Il y a, tout au long de cette 艙uvre, quelque chose de m茅lancolique qui semble annoncer chez Joyce ou chez Proust, voire Kolt猫s et la saga familiale du . Plus encore, les derniers moments du drame, avec le vieux valet Firs abandonn茅 de tous, qui attend la mort dans une pi猫ce vide, alors que, dehors, on entend le bruit sourd des haches cognant contre le tronc des cerisiers, pr茅figurent d茅j脿 les sc猫nes vaguement comiques et cauchemardesques du th茅芒tre de
January 7, 2018
I have chosen to begin my 2018 reading year with a number of shorter yet significant reads. I noticed that my 2017 began in a similar matter so I am noticing that I use January to ease into my reading for the year. A square on classics bingo is to read a classic play so I selected Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard, a play in four acts which wrote within a year of his death. In this timeless and still often performed drama, Chekhov details the dichotomy between Russian social classes on the dawn of the revolutionary era as he poignantly creates classic archetypes.
Already a premier playwright with the success of The Three Sisters and The Seagull, Chekhov was asked to write a comedic play to be performed during Moscow's 1903 theater season. My version of the play contains excerpts of letters written by Chekhov to both his wife and the play's future director and producer. In this correspondence, he writes of the illness that would take his life within a year and also of his struggles to produce a comedy. He wrote certain characters with specific actors and actresses in mind and aimed for a three act play that ended up being four. In the end, The Cherry Orchard, his work about the potential sale of a summer estate, resulted as a drama, rather than the comedy that his producers had aimed for. This moving piece may have had a few comedic moments, but the play was hardly a light hearted story.
Madame Ranevskaya has returned to Russia from Paris with her daughter Anya upon learning from her brother Leonid Gaev that their family estate needs to be sold as the family fortune has been used up and they have no rubles left to live on. The estate holds both positive and sad memories for Ranevskaya as both her husband and son passed away there, yet, the cherry orchard on its property holds a place near and dear to her heart. Ranevskaya would rather not sell her estate as it has been in the family for generations and both her family and the serfs who have lived on it known no other existence. Yet, Ranevskaya lives a rich woman's life either in Russia or abroad and her lifestyle can not maintain the upkeep of her family's home for the long term. She desires to marry off her daughters Anya and Varya even though neither has expressed an interest in doing so, in hopes that their marriages will decrease her expenditures, allowing her to keep her estate.
Although Chekhov has created love interests for both Anya and Varya, their futures are left to the reader's imaginations. Perhaps, in a more modern retelling of the play, the girls' futures are decided, but in Chekhov's original, that aspect of the play is left hanging. Meanwhile, a local merchant named Yermolai Alexeyevich Lopahin, a former servant whose family has worked for the Ranevskaya family for generations, desires to buy the estate for himself to keep it within the family. His dream is to create a number of summer homes on the property in order to generate funds for the Ranevskayas so that they do not have to sell their heirloom to outsiders. Yet, Lopahin's plan comes with one caveat: to chop down the cherry orchard which will always hold special memories for Madame Ranevskaya. This tension between the serfs and upper classes, epitomized in this sale of the estate, lasts the duration of the play and plays out as the tragedy that Chekhov desired. As a result, I found the play to be heartfelt, which would not have had this effect if Chekhov had indeed penned the comedy that his producer had originally demanded.
With a week gone by in 2018 and many quality shorter reads behind me, I am ready to move full steam into my reading year. As I am a mood reader, I still do not know where this year will take me, but I have many potential memorable reads lined up. Moving through the board for classics bingo is a good start, and The Cherry Orchard has been a memorable play to read indeed. I hope to revisit Chekhov's other plays in the future as they have been well received and performed countless times over the last century.
4 stars
Already a premier playwright with the success of The Three Sisters and The Seagull, Chekhov was asked to write a comedic play to be performed during Moscow's 1903 theater season. My version of the play contains excerpts of letters written by Chekhov to both his wife and the play's future director and producer. In this correspondence, he writes of the illness that would take his life within a year and also of his struggles to produce a comedy. He wrote certain characters with specific actors and actresses in mind and aimed for a three act play that ended up being four. In the end, The Cherry Orchard, his work about the potential sale of a summer estate, resulted as a drama, rather than the comedy that his producers had aimed for. This moving piece may have had a few comedic moments, but the play was hardly a light hearted story.
Madame Ranevskaya has returned to Russia from Paris with her daughter Anya upon learning from her brother Leonid Gaev that their family estate needs to be sold as the family fortune has been used up and they have no rubles left to live on. The estate holds both positive and sad memories for Ranevskaya as both her husband and son passed away there, yet, the cherry orchard on its property holds a place near and dear to her heart. Ranevskaya would rather not sell her estate as it has been in the family for generations and both her family and the serfs who have lived on it known no other existence. Yet, Ranevskaya lives a rich woman's life either in Russia or abroad and her lifestyle can not maintain the upkeep of her family's home for the long term. She desires to marry off her daughters Anya and Varya even though neither has expressed an interest in doing so, in hopes that their marriages will decrease her expenditures, allowing her to keep her estate.
Although Chekhov has created love interests for both Anya and Varya, their futures are left to the reader's imaginations. Perhaps, in a more modern retelling of the play, the girls' futures are decided, but in Chekhov's original, that aspect of the play is left hanging. Meanwhile, a local merchant named Yermolai Alexeyevich Lopahin, a former servant whose family has worked for the Ranevskaya family for generations, desires to buy the estate for himself to keep it within the family. His dream is to create a number of summer homes on the property in order to generate funds for the Ranevskayas so that they do not have to sell their heirloom to outsiders. Yet, Lopahin's plan comes with one caveat: to chop down the cherry orchard which will always hold special memories for Madame Ranevskaya. This tension between the serfs and upper classes, epitomized in this sale of the estate, lasts the duration of the play and plays out as the tragedy that Chekhov desired. As a result, I found the play to be heartfelt, which would not have had this effect if Chekhov had indeed penned the comedy that his producer had originally demanded.
With a week gone by in 2018 and many quality shorter reads behind me, I am ready to move full steam into my reading year. As I am a mood reader, I still do not know where this year will take me, but I have many potential memorable reads lined up. Moving through the board for classics bingo is a good start, and The Cherry Orchard has been a memorable play to read indeed. I hope to revisit Chekhov's other plays in the future as they have been well received and performed countless times over the last century.
4 stars
April 24, 2023
4/22/23: I reread The Cherry Orchard and listened again to the recorded LATW production of the play as I got tickets to famed Goodman Theater director Robert Falls鈥檚 last show. It鈥檚 interesting that my experience of listening to this play a couple years ago and rereading it bears little resemblance to my sense of the play this time. As I say below Chekhov was dying of cancer during the writing of this, seen as his greatest play. My sense this time is that it is a play about endings; the family has to leave, having lost the cherry orchard and house and adjoining property.
Written in 1903, it鈥檚 also about the end of the Russian aristocracy at a time in which the serfs have risen up, as part of the Russian revolution. The emancipation of the serfs happened officially in 1861, but it was a process; the first Russian Revolution happened in 1905, and then a second one in 1917, so it is fair that the snapshot we get of aristocracy in one rural place anticipates much of the social uphreaval that was taking place there. Chekhov was dead by late 1904, after the first production buyt the famed Russian director, Stanislavski, though Chekhov hated the production. Stanislavski thought it was a tragedy, and Chkhov thought it was a comedy. The Falls production acknowledged the deep sadness in the story, but the full-page ad for the play in The Chicago Tribune shows three of the man characters laughing uproariously.
In short, my reading/viewing of the play this time is much closer to Stanislavski's interpretation.. The play as I see it is about these self-satisfied and self-delusional aristocrats who are in denial about huge changes that are coming. They are not prepared for the coming disaster. I thought of our world facing climate change and the attendant droughts, wars, and refugee crisis. In one section they seem to admit the coming doom they are aware of--they have to sell the cherry orchard and leave--the emancipated serfs are coming--but never quite face:
Lubov: I keep on waiting for something to happen, as if the house is going to collapse over our heads.
Gaev: [Thinking deeply, playing pool] Double red in the corner . . . across the middle. . . .
Lopakhin: I know exactly the potential of the people around here. They have the potential to lie. They have the potential to deceive. They have the potential to inveigle. They鈥檒l change nothing. Sometimes, when I can鈥檛 sleep, I lie awake thinking, my God! We have so much. We have these huge forests. We have boundless open fields. We can see the deepest, furthest horizons. Look around you. Look. We should be giants. We really, really aren鈥檛.
Lubov:. You want giants, do you ? . . . They're only good in stories, and even there they frighten one.
Gaev: O Nature, thou art wonderful, thou shinest with eternal radiance! Oh, beautiful and indifferent one, thou whom we call mother, thou containest in thyself existence and death, thou livest and destroyest. . . .
Trofimov: You'd better double the red into the middle.
Gaev: I'll be quiet, I'll be quiet.
And the symbolism of the orchard? At one point someone speaks for Chekhov: 鈥淎ll Russia is our orchard.鈥�
I thought that almost all the people were ludicrously in denial. I was reminded of the musicians playing for dancers as the Titanic was sinking. Very sad. Chekhov makes these characters lively and amusing and interesting and he cares about them, but only Lopakhin--the son of serfs who wins the cherry orchard in an auction--is realistic about what is coming to them and to Russian society.
I loved Falls' production, great ensemble acting, melancholy. We need to be giants in the face of the many challenges, but we really, really have not yet been lately.
My original review, 1/12/19:
I had a couple hours in a car and so I picked something short to listen to, Chekhov鈥檚 The Cherry Orchard, one of his four great plays, including The Sea Gull, Three Sisters and Ivanov. I am reading his collected stories at the rate of about one a month, it seems, but I wanted to revisit his plays, which I have seen. In 2018, after reading a late Roth that features it, I had reread The Seagull, so I thought I would try this, his last play, written while he was dying from tuberculosis, first produced in 1904, the year he died. He called it a comedy with elements of farce, but Stanislavski first produced it as a tragedy, and that tension between the comic and tragic has been part of most productions ever since.
The play features an aristocratic Russian landowner, Ranevskaya, who returns to her family estate (which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is auctioned to pay the mortgage. Unresponsive to offers to save the estate, she allows its sale to the son of a former serf; the family leaves to the sound of the cherry orchard being cut down. In a larger cultural sense it is about the end of the reign of the Russian aristocracy at the turn of the 20th century. Ranevskaya is a woman who lives in the past, contrasted with the speeches of the student Trofimov, which were later seen as early manifestations of Bolshevik ideas.
Chekhov is known in his writing as not judging, not preaching about ideas or his characters. He鈥檚 a humanist, not an ideologue. He's a slice-of-life writer. In his work you see a wide range of Russian individuals, from rich to poor. In place of a concern for plot Chekhov is known for his "theatre of mood," slice-of-life come to stage, with an almost ethnographic attention to the feel of the times. Reminds me, too, of Studs Terkel in focusing on character and how people talk. And then there is this sort of wistful aspect that permeates the play, of course, without it being emphasized, the sense of serious change coming, as Chekhov is dying. I saw a production somewhere in Michigan in the eighties, and a 1987 production at The Stratford (Ontario) Festival.
Written in 1903, it鈥檚 also about the end of the Russian aristocracy at a time in which the serfs have risen up, as part of the Russian revolution. The emancipation of the serfs happened officially in 1861, but it was a process; the first Russian Revolution happened in 1905, and then a second one in 1917, so it is fair that the snapshot we get of aristocracy in one rural place anticipates much of the social uphreaval that was taking place there. Chekhov was dead by late 1904, after the first production buyt the famed Russian director, Stanislavski, though Chekhov hated the production. Stanislavski thought it was a tragedy, and Chkhov thought it was a comedy. The Falls production acknowledged the deep sadness in the story, but the full-page ad for the play in The Chicago Tribune shows three of the man characters laughing uproariously.
In short, my reading/viewing of the play this time is much closer to Stanislavski's interpretation.. The play as I see it is about these self-satisfied and self-delusional aristocrats who are in denial about huge changes that are coming. They are not prepared for the coming disaster. I thought of our world facing climate change and the attendant droughts, wars, and refugee crisis. In one section they seem to admit the coming doom they are aware of--they have to sell the cherry orchard and leave--the emancipated serfs are coming--but never quite face:
Lubov: I keep on waiting for something to happen, as if the house is going to collapse over our heads.
Gaev: [Thinking deeply, playing pool] Double red in the corner . . . across the middle. . . .
Lopakhin: I know exactly the potential of the people around here. They have the potential to lie. They have the potential to deceive. They have the potential to inveigle. They鈥檒l change nothing. Sometimes, when I can鈥檛 sleep, I lie awake thinking, my God! We have so much. We have these huge forests. We have boundless open fields. We can see the deepest, furthest horizons. Look around you. Look. We should be giants. We really, really aren鈥檛.
Lubov:. You want giants, do you ? . . . They're only good in stories, and even there they frighten one.
Gaev: O Nature, thou art wonderful, thou shinest with eternal radiance! Oh, beautiful and indifferent one, thou whom we call mother, thou containest in thyself existence and death, thou livest and destroyest. . . .
Trofimov: You'd better double the red into the middle.
Gaev: I'll be quiet, I'll be quiet.
And the symbolism of the orchard? At one point someone speaks for Chekhov: 鈥淎ll Russia is our orchard.鈥�
I thought that almost all the people were ludicrously in denial. I was reminded of the musicians playing for dancers as the Titanic was sinking. Very sad. Chekhov makes these characters lively and amusing and interesting and he cares about them, but only Lopakhin--the son of serfs who wins the cherry orchard in an auction--is realistic about what is coming to them and to Russian society.
I loved Falls' production, great ensemble acting, melancholy. We need to be giants in the face of the many challenges, but we really, really have not yet been lately.
My original review, 1/12/19:
I had a couple hours in a car and so I picked something short to listen to, Chekhov鈥檚 The Cherry Orchard, one of his four great plays, including The Sea Gull, Three Sisters and Ivanov. I am reading his collected stories at the rate of about one a month, it seems, but I wanted to revisit his plays, which I have seen. In 2018, after reading a late Roth that features it, I had reread The Seagull, so I thought I would try this, his last play, written while he was dying from tuberculosis, first produced in 1904, the year he died. He called it a comedy with elements of farce, but Stanislavski first produced it as a tragedy, and that tension between the comic and tragic has been part of most productions ever since.
The play features an aristocratic Russian landowner, Ranevskaya, who returns to her family estate (which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is auctioned to pay the mortgage. Unresponsive to offers to save the estate, she allows its sale to the son of a former serf; the family leaves to the sound of the cherry orchard being cut down. In a larger cultural sense it is about the end of the reign of the Russian aristocracy at the turn of the 20th century. Ranevskaya is a woman who lives in the past, contrasted with the speeches of the student Trofimov, which were later seen as early manifestations of Bolshevik ideas.
Chekhov is known in his writing as not judging, not preaching about ideas or his characters. He鈥檚 a humanist, not an ideologue. He's a slice-of-life writer. In his work you see a wide range of Russian individuals, from rich to poor. In place of a concern for plot Chekhov is known for his "theatre of mood," slice-of-life come to stage, with an almost ethnographic attention to the feel of the times. Reminds me, too, of Studs Terkel in focusing on character and how people talk. And then there is this sort of wistful aspect that permeates the play, of course, without it being emphasized, the sense of serious change coming, as Chekhov is dying. I saw a production somewhere in Michigan in the eighties, and a 1987 production at The Stratford (Ontario) Festival.
January 6, 2024
袙懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 鈥� 薪械褋芯屑薪械薪薪芯, 褋懈屑胁芯谢. 孝褉芯褎懈屑芯胁 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌, 褔褌芯 芦胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 鈥� 胁褋褟 袪芯褋褋懈褟禄. 袧芯 屑薪械 泻邪卸械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯 胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 鈥� 械褖械 懈 褋懈屑胁芯谢 芦褋褌邪褉芯泄禄 卸懈蟹薪懈, 锌褉懈胁芯谢褜薪芯泄, 薪械 褉邪写懈 写芯褏芯写邪, 邪 斜邪褉褋泻芯泄 褍褋邪写械斜薪芯泄 卸懈蟹薪懈, 泻邪泻 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪芯谐芯 褟胁谢械薪懈褟, 泻邪泻 芯斜褉邪蟹邪 卸懈蟹薪懈, 屑褘褕谢械薪懈褟, 泻芯谐写邪 蟹邪泻邪蟹褘胁邪械褕褜 褋邪屑芯械 写芯褉芯谐芯械, 懈 薪邪 褔邪泄 谢邪泻械褟屑 锌芯 褉褍斜谢褞, 懈 锌褉芯褏芯卸懈屑-锌芯锌褉芯褕邪泄泻邪屑 锌芯 蟹芯谢芯褌芯屑褍, 泻芯谐写邪 谢褞写械泄 胁 懈屑械薪懈懈 泻芯褉屑懈褌褜 薪械褔械屑. 芦校 屑械薪褟 褌芯卸械 薪械 芯褋褌邪谢芯褋褜 薪懈 泻芯锌械泄泻懈, 械写胁邪 写芯械褏邪谢懈. 袠 屑邪屑邪 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌!禄, - 卸邪谢褍械褌褋褟 袗薪褟. 袙懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 懈蟹薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯 斜褘谢 芯斜褉械褔械薪 薪邪 胁褘褉褍斜泻褍 - 懈斜芯 写械谢邪 蟹邪褕谢懈 锌谢芯褏芯 褌邪泻 写邪谢械泻芯, 褔褌芯 薪械 芯褋褌邪谢芯褋褜 薪懈泻邪泻懈褏 褋锌芯褋芯斜芯胁 褋锌邪褋褌懈 械谐芯. 袨斜褉械褔械薪芯 斜褘谢芯 写胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁芯. 袙 泻邪泻芯屑-褌芯 褋屑褘褋谢械, 芯斜褉械褔械薪邪 斜褘谢邪 懈 袪芯褋褋懈褟, 褋薪邪褔邪谢邪 1905 谐芯写, 锌芯褌芯屑 褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈褟 1917 谐芯写邪.
袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 鈥� 褌芯卸械 褋懈屑胁芯谢, 懈 芯薪邪 褋懈屑胁芯谢 胁褘褉芯卸写邪褞褖械谐芯褋褟 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 写胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁邪. 袨薪邪, 泻邪泻 褝褌芯 褔邪褋褌芯 锌褉芯懈褋褏芯写懈褌 薪械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 薪芯 懈 胁芯 胁褋械褏 锌芯褋褌褋芯胁械褌褋泻懈褏 褋褌褉邪薪邪褏 懈 薪械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褋 写胁芯褉褟薪邪屑懈, 谐芯褉褟褔芯 谢褞斜懈褌 褉芯写懈薪褍, 薪芯 锌褉械写锌芯褔懈褌邪械褌 卸懈褌褜 胁 袝胁褉芯锌械 (芯褌褔邪褋褌懈 懈蟹-蟹邪 褌褉邪谐械写懈懈 褋 褋褘薪芯屑, 薪芯 胁 褑械谢芯屑, 胁芯芯斜褖械 褋 褍谢芯卸懈胁褕械泄褋褟 褌褉邪写懈褑懈械泄). 袝械 锌械褉械锌芯谢薪褟褞褌 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 芦袙懈写懈褌 斜芯谐, 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褉芯写懈薪褍, 谢褞斜谢褞 薪械卸薪芯, 褟 薪械 屑芯谐谢邪 褋屑芯褌褉械褌褜 懈蟹 胁邪谐芯薪邪, 胁褋械 锌谢邪泻邪谢邪. (小泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘.)禄 袩芯褉芯泄 芯薪邪 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪邪. 芦 携 薪械 屑芯谐褍 褍褋懈写械褌褜, 薪械 胁 褋芯褋褌芯褟薪懈懈. (袙褋泻邪泻懈胁邪械褌 懈 褏芯写懈褌 胁 褋懈谢褜薪芯屑 胁芯谢薪械薪懈懈.) 携 薪械 锌械褉械卸懈胁褍 褝褌芯泄 褉邪写芯褋褌懈鈥� 小屑械泄褌械褋褜 薪邪写芯 屑薪芯泄, 褟 谐谢褍锌邪褟鈥� 楔泻邪褎懈泻 屑芯泄 褉芯写薪芯泄鈥� (笑械谢褍械褌 褕泻邪褎.) 小褌芯谢懈泻 屑芯泄.禄 袠 胁褋械-褌邪泻懈 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 褉芯写懈薪械 褍 薪械械 鈥� 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 褌芯屑褍, 褋 褔械屑 褋胁褟蟹邪薪褘 械械 谢懈褔薪褘械 胁芯褋锌芯屑懈薪邪薪懈褟, 谢懈褔薪褘械 胁械褖懈. 协褌褍 屑褘褋谢褜 锌芯写褌胁械褉卸写邪械褌 懈 褉械锌谢懈泻邪 袚邪械胁邪: 芦袛芯褉芯谐芯泄, 屑薪芯谐芯褍胁邪卸邪械屑褘泄 褕泻邪褎! 袩褉懈胁械褌褋褌胁褍褞 褌胁芯械 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈械, 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 胁芯褌 褍卸械 斜芯谢褜褕械 褋褌邪 谢械褌 斜褘谢芯 薪邪锌褉邪胁谢械薪芯 泻 褋胁械褌谢褘屑 懈写械邪谢邪屑 写芯斜褉邪 懈 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁芯褋褌懈; 褌胁芯泄 屑芯谢褔邪谢懈胁褘泄 锌褉懈蟹褘胁 泻 锌谢芯写芯褌胁芯褉薪芯泄 褉邪斜芯褌械 薪械 芯褋谢邪斜械胁邪谢 胁 褌械褔械薪懈械 褋褌邪 谢械褌, 锌芯写写械褉卸懈胁邪褟 (褋泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘) 胁 锌芯泻芯谢械薪懈褟褏 薪邪褕械谐芯 褉芯写邪 斜芯写褉芯褋褌褜, 胁械褉褍 胁 谢褍褔褕械械 斜褍写褍褖械械 懈 胁芯褋锌懈褌褘胁邪褟 胁 薪邪褋 懈写械邪谢褘 写芯斜褉邪 懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯谐芯 褋邪屑芯褋芯蟹薪邪薪懈褟.禄 协褌褍 褉械锌谢懈泻褍 屑芯卸薪芯 斜褘谢芯 斜褘 锌褉懈薪褟褌褜 蟹邪 褕褍褌泻褍, 械褋谢懈 斜褘 薪械 褋谢械蟹褘, 懈 械褋谢懈 斜褘 锌芯褌芯屑 芯薪 薪械 褋褌械褋薪褟谢褋褟 褋胁芯械泄 褉械褔懈 褕泻邪褎褍. 袛胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁芯 胁褘褉芯卸写邪械褌褋褟 懈 锌褉械胁褉邪褖邪械褌褋褟 胁 屑械褖邪薪褋褌胁芯, 锌褉懈胁褟蟹邪薪薪芯械 泻 屑懈谢褘屑 褋械褉写褑褍 胁械褖邪屑.
袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 褉褍泻芯胁芯写褋褌胁褍械褌褋褟 薪械 锌褉芯褋褌芯 屑械褉泻邪薪褌懈谢褜薪褘屑懈 懈薪褌械褉械褋邪屑懈, 芯薪 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械褌 斜谢邪谐芯写邪褉薪芯褋褌褜 懈 胁锌芯谢薪械 懈褋泻褉械薪械薪 胁 褋胁芯懈褏 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褏 芦袦芯泄 芯褌械褑 斜褘谢 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑 褍 胁邪褕械谐芯 写械写邪 懈 芯褌褑邪, 薪芯 胁褘, 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪芯 胁褘, 褋写械谢邪谢懈 写谢褟 屑械薪褟 泻芯谐写邪-褌芯 褌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯, 褔褌芯 褟 蟹邪斜褘谢 胁褋械 懈 谢褞斜谢褞 胁邪褋, 泻邪泻 褉芯写薪褍褞鈥� 斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞.禄 袨薪 锌褉械写谢邪谐邪械褌 械泄 锌谢邪薪 褋锌邪褋械薪懈褟 鈥� 褉邪蟹斜懈褌褜 胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 懈 蟹械屑谢褞 锌芯 褉械泻械 薪邪 写邪褔薪褘械 褍褔邪褋褌泻懈, 褋写邪褌褜 胁 邪褉械薪写褍 懈 锌芯谢褍褔邪褌褜 锌芯 写胁邪写褑邪褌褜 锌褟褌褜 褌褘褋褟褔 写芯褏芯写邪 蟹邪 写械褋褟褌懈薪褍.禄
袧芯 械谐芯 薪械 褋谢褍褕邪褞褌, 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 锌褉械褉褘胁邪械褌 械谐芯 邪褉谐褍屑械薪褌芯屑, 褔褌芯 芦袝褋谢懈 胁芯 胁褋械泄 谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈 械褋褌褜 褔褌芯-薪懈斜褍写褜 懈薪褌械褉械褋薪芯械, 写邪卸械 蟹邪屑械褔邪褌械谢褜薪芯械, 褌邪泻 褝褌芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪邪褕 胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写禄, 邪 写邪褔懈 芯薪邪 薪邪蟹褘胁邪械褌 锌芯褕谢芯褋褌褜褞. 袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 械械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌, 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌 褋邪屑邪 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪, 褔褌芯 褌芯褉谐懈 褍卸械 薪邪蟹薪邪褔械薪褘, 懈 械褋谢懈, 芯薪邪 褋邪屑邪 薪械 胁褘褉褍斜懈褌 褋邪写 锌芯写 写邪褔懈, 褌芯 薪芯胁褘泄 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪懈泻 褝褌芯 斜褍写械褌 胁褘薪褍卸写械薪 褋写械谢邪褌褜, 褔褌芯斜褘 芯泻褍锌懈褌褜 褋胁芯懈 懈薪胁械褋褌懈褑懈懈.
效谢械薪褘 褋械屑褜懈 屑褘褋谢褟褌 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈褟屑懈 褔褍写械褋薪芯谐芯 芯斜芯谐邪褖械薪懈褟. 袚邪械胁 胁蟹写褘褏邪械褌, 褏芯褉芯褕芯 斜褘 胁褘写邪褌褜 薪邪褕褍 袗薪褟 蟹邪 斜芯谐邪褌芯谐芯, 褏芯褉芯褕芯 斜褘 锌芯械褏邪褌褜 胁 携褉芯褋谢邪胁谢褜 懈 锌芯锌褘褌邪褌褜 褋褔邪褋褌褜褟 褍 褌械褌褍褕泻懈-谐褉邪褎懈薪懈. 袧芯 褋邪屑 卸械 锌芯锌褉邪胁谢褟械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯 褌械褌褍褕泻邪 懈褏 薪械 谢褞斜懈褌, 锌芯褌芯屑褍 褔褌芯 胁褘褕谢邪 蟹邪屑褍卸 薪械 蟹邪 写胁芯褉褟薪懈薪邪. 芦袨薪邪 褏芯褉芯褕邪褟, 写芯斜褉邪褟, 褋谢邪胁薪邪褟, 褟 械械 芯褔械薪褜 谢褞斜谢褞, 薪芯, 泻邪泻 褌邪屑 薪懈 锌褉懈写褍屑褘胁邪泄 褋屑褟谐褔邪褞褖懈械 芯斜褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜褋褌胁邪, 胁褋械 卸械, 薪邪写芯 褋芯蟹薪邪褌褜褋褟, 芯薪邪 锌芯褉芯褔薪邪. 协褌芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁褍械褌褋褟 胁 械械 屑邪谢械泄褕械屑 写胁懈卸械薪懈懈.禄 效褌芯 卸械 锌芯褉芯褔薪芯谐芯, 锌芯屑懈屑芯 胁褘褏芯写邪 蟹邪屑褍卸 蟹邪 薪械 写胁芯褉褟薪懈薪邪, 芯薪邪 褋芯胁械褉褕懈谢邪, 袚邪械胁 懈 效械褏芯胁 薪邪屑 薪械 芯褌泻褉褘胁邪褞褌. 小泻芯褉械械 胁褋械谐芯 薪懈褔械谐芯. 小芯褋谢芯胁薪褘械 锌褉械写褉邪褋褋褍写泻懈 褍 薪懈褏 芯褔械薪褜 褋懈谢褜薪褘.
袩谢邪薪 袚邪械胁邪 锌芯 褋锌邪褋械薪懈褞 懈屑械薪懈褟 褌邪泻卸械 薪械褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪: 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 斜褍写械褌 锌褉芯褋懈褌褜 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 (褔械屑 卸械 芯薪 褋屑芯卸械褌 锌芯屑芯褔褜? 鈥� 薪懈褔械屑, 锌芯褋泻芯谢褜泻褍 褍 斜邪薪泻邪 胁褋械 锌褉邪胁邪 薪邪 蟹邪谢芯谐. 袨薪 懈 锌芯屑芯谐 胁 泻芯薪褑械, 胁褘泻褍锌懈胁 懈屑械薪懈械 锌芯 蟹邪胁褘褕械薪薪芯泄 褑械薪械, 懈 懈蟹谢懈褕械泻 锌芯谢邪谐邪谢褋褟 斜褘胁褕械屑褍 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪懈泻褍 鈥� 袥褞斜芯胁懈 袗薪写褉械械胁薪械), 袗薪褟 锌芯械写械褌 胁 携褉芯褋谢邪胁谢褜 泻 斜邪斜褍褕泻械 (褌芯卸械 屑邪谢芯胁械褉芯褟褌薪褘泄 褉械蟹褍谢褜褌邪褌, 褌械屑 斜芯谢械械, 褔褌芯 袗薪褟 锌褉懈蟹薪邪械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯 斜邪斜褍褕泻褍 薪械 谢褞斜懈褌), 邪 芯薪 褋邪屑 斜褍写械褌 锌褘褌邪褌褜褋褟 褍褋褌褉芯懈褌褜 蟹邪械屑 锌芯写 蟹邪谢芯谐 胁械泻褋械谢械泄 (械褋谢懈 写芯褏芯写芯胁 薪械褌, 褌芯 褝褌芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 芯褌褋褉芯褔泻邪 褋 褍胁械谢懈褔械薪懈械屑 写芯谢谐邪 胁 斜褍写褍褖械屑). 袧邪懈胁薪邪褟 袗薪褟 褍褋锌芯泻邪懈胁邪械褌褋褟.
袠 胁褋械 卸械 效械褏芯胁 褋褌邪胁懈谢 锌械褉械写 褋芯斜芯泄 蟹邪写邪褔褍 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 薪械 褋褌芯谢褜泻芯 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻褍褞 薪械芯斜芯褋薪芯胁邪薪薪芯褋褌褜 胁芯蟹蟹褉械薪懈泄 褍屑懈褉邪褞褖械谐芯 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 薪械 芯褌胁褘泻褕械谐芯 褋芯褉懈褌褜 写械薪褜谐邪屑懈, 薪械 褋芯懈蟹屑械褉褟褌褜 写芯褏芯写褘 懈 褉邪褋褏芯写褘, 薪械 屑褘褋谢懈褌褜 褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯 (泻芯褉薪懈 褝褌芯谐芯 谢械卸邪褌 胁 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯屑 锌褉邪胁械, 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 械褖械 薪械 蟹邪斜褘褌芯 写邪卸械 褋邪屑懈屑 斜褘胁褕懈屑懈 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑懈, 泻芯懈屑懈 褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟 懈 褋邪屑 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪, 懈 肖懈褉褋, 懈 胁褋械 芯褋褌邪谢褜薪褘械 胁 写芯屑械, 锌芯褋泻芯谢褜泻褍 胁芯 胁褉械屑褟 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯谐芯 锌褉邪胁邪 写芯褏芯写褘 褕谢懈 薪械 芯褌 褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯, 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻懈 胁褘谐芯写薪芯谐芯 褏芯蟹褟泄褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈褟, 邪 芯褌 锌芯写薪械胁芯谢褜薪芯谐芯 褌褉褍写邪 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘褏. 袠屑械薪薪芯 锌芯褝褌芯屑褍 褉械褑械锌褌 褋褍褕泻懈 胁懈褕薪懈, 泻芯褌芯褉褘屑 蟹邪褉邪斜邪褌褘胁邪谢芯 薪械泻芯谐写邪 懈屑械薪懈械, 斜褘谢 蟹邪斜褘褌 鈥� 薪械 芯褋褌邪谢芯褋褜 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘褏 褉邪斜芯褌薪懈泻芯胁, 泻褌芯 斜褘 蟹邪薪懈屑邪谢褋褟 褝褌懈屑). 孝褉芯褎懈屑芯胁 锌芯写褌胁械褉卸写邪械褌, 褔褌芯 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪 褍屑懈褉邪薪懈褟 褉褍褋褋泻芯谐芯 写胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁邪 褋胁褟蟹邪薪芯 懈屑械薪薪芯 褋 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑 锌褉邪胁芯屑: 芦袙谢邪写械褌褜 卸懈胁褘屑懈 写褍褕邪屑懈 鈥� 胁械写褜 褝褌芯 锌械褉械褉芯写懈谢芯 胁褋械褏 胁邪褋, 卸懈胁褕懈褏 褉邪薪褜褕械 懈 褌械锌械褉褜 卸懈胁褍褖懈褏, 褌邪泻 褔褌芯 胁邪褕邪 屑邪褌褜, 胁褘, 写褟写褟 褍卸械 薪械 蟹邪屑械褔邪械褌械, 褔褌芯 胁褘 卸懈胁械褌械 胁 写芯谢谐, 薪邪 褔褍卸芯泄 褋褔械褌, 薪邪 褋褔械褌 褌械褏 谢褞写械泄, 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 胁褘 薪械 锌褍褋泻邪械褌械 写邪谢褜褕械 锌械褉械写薪械泄鈥� 袦褘 芯褌褋褌邪谢懈 锌芯 泻褉邪泄薪械泄 屑械褉械 谢械褌 薪邪 写胁械褋褌懈, 褍 薪邪褋 薪械褌 械褖械 褉芯胁薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯, 薪械褌 芯锌褉械写械谢械薪薪芯谐芯 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈褟 泻 锌褉芯褕谢芯屑褍, 屑褘 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋褌胁褍械屑, 卸邪谢褍械屑褋褟 薪邪 褌芯褋泻褍 懈谢懈 锌褜械屑 胁芯写泻褍. 袙械写褜 褌邪泻 褟褋薪芯, 褔褌芯斜褘 薪邪褔邪褌褜 卸懈褌褜 胁 薪邪褋褌芯褟褖械屑, 薪邪写芯 褋薪邪褔邪谢邪 懈褋泻褍锌懈褌褜 薪邪褕械 锌褉芯褕谢芯械, 锌芯泻芯薪褔懈褌褜 褋 薪懈屑, 邪 懈褋泻褍锌懈褌褜 械谐芯 屑芯卸薪芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褋褌褉邪写邪薪懈械屑, 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪械芯斜褘褔邪泄薪褘屑, 薪械锌褉械褉褘胁薪褘屑 褌褉褍写芯屑. 袩芯泄屑懈褌械 褝褌芯, 袗薪褟.禄 校褋褌邪屑懈 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 芯薪 写邪械褌 褝褌芯屑褍 泻谢邪褋褋褍 懈褋褔械褉锌褘胁邪褞褖褍褞 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉懈褋褌懈泻褍: 芦袩褉芯褋褌懈褌械, 褌邪泻懈褏 谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄, 泻邪泻 胁褘, 谐芯褋锌芯写邪, 褌邪泻懈褏 薪械写械谢芯胁褘褏, 褋褌褉邪薪薪褘褏, 褟 械褖械 薪械 胁褋褌褉械褔邪谢. 袙邪屑 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褉褍褋褋泻懈屑 褟蟹褘泻芯屑, 懈屑械薪懈械 胁邪褕械 锌褉芯写邪械褌褋褟, 邪 胁褘 褌芯褔薪芯 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌械.禄
效械褏芯胁 褋褌邪胁懈谢 蟹邪写邪褔褍 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜, 褋 泻邪泻懈屑懈 写褍褕械胁薪褘屑懈 屑褍泻邪屑懈, 褝褌芯褌 锌褉械泻褉邪褋薪褘泄, 胁芯蟹胁褘褕械薪薪褘泄 邪褉懈褋褌芯泻褉邪褌懈褔械褋泻懈泄 泻谢邪褋褋, 褍屑懈褉邪械褌, 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 胁械褋褜 褝褌芯褌 褝屑芯褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪褘泄 薪邪写褉褘胁, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 懈 褋屑械褕芯薪, 懈 卸邪谢芯泻, 懈 写芯褋褌芯懈薪 褋芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈褟.
袙 褝褌芯屑 懈 锌邪褉邪写芯泻褋. 小芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈械 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械褕褜 泻 褌械屑, 胁 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈懈 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 褋芯胁械褉褕邪械褌褋褟 薪械褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁芯褋褌褜. 袧芯 锌芯褔械屑褍 屑褘 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械屑 褋芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈械 泻 褝褌懈屑 芦谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪褘屑, 褋褌褉邪薪薪褘屑, 薪械写械谢芯胁褘屑禄, 薪械 蟹邪屑械褔邪褞褖懈屑, 褔褌芯 卸懈胁褍褌 胁 写芯谢谐, 谢褞写褟屑? 袧邪胁械褉薪芯械, 锌芯褌芯屑褍, 褔褌芯 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 鈥� 薪械薪邪屑械褉械薪薪芯 谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪邪, 芯薪邪 褌邪泻芯泄 褍褉芯写懈谢邪褋褜 胁褋谢械写褋褌胁懈械 锌械褉械褉芯卸写械薪懈褟 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 胁谢邪写械褞褖械谐芯 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑懈 写褍褕邪屑懈. 袩芯褌芯屑褍 褔褌芯 芯薪邪 写芯斜褉邪, 懈 胁械褋褜 械械 谐褉械褏 胁 褌芯屑, 褔褌芯 芯薪邪 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌, 芯褌泻褍写邪 斜械褉褍褌褋褟 写械薪褜谐懈. 袛邪卸械 械褋谢懈 褍 薪械械 懈褏 薪械褌, 芯薪邪 锌芯锌褉芯褋懈褌 褍 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 薪械 锌芯褌褉械斜褍械褌 懈褏 薪邪蟹邪写.
袝褖械 芯写薪邪 褑械谢褜 褝褌芯泄 锌褜械褋褘 鈥� 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 褉邪蟹薪褘械 褋谢芯懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁邪 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 锌芯褔械屑褍 袪芯褋褋懈褟 芯斜褉械褔械薪邪. 效械褏芯胁邪 斜械褋锌芯泻芯懈褌 懈 褌芯, 褔褌芯 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈褟 褋谢懈褕泻芯屑 褋谢邪斜邪, 屑薪芯谐芯褋谢芯胁薪邪 懈 斜械蟹写械褟褌械谢褜薪邪. 芦校 薪邪褋, 胁 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 褉邪斜芯褌邪褞褌 锌芯泻邪 芯褔械薪褜 薪械屑薪芯谐懈械. 袚褉芯屑邪写薪芯械 斜芯谢褜褕懈薪褋褌胁芯 褌芯泄 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈懈, 泻邪泻褍褞 褟 蟹薪邪褞, 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 懈褖械褌, 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 写械谢邪械褌 懈 泻 褌褉褍写褍 锌芯泻邪 薪械 褋锌芯褋芯斜薪芯. 袧邪蟹褘胁邪褞褌 褋械斜褟 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈械泄, 邪 锌褉懈褋谢褍谐械 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 芦褌褘禄, 褋 屑褍卸懈泻邪屑懈 芯斜褉邪褖邪褞褌褋褟, 泻邪泻 褋 卸懈胁芯褌薪褘屑懈, 褍褔邪褌褋褟 锌谢芯褏芯, 褋械褉褜械蟹薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 褔懈褌邪褞褌, 褉芯胁薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 写械谢邪褞褌, 芯 薪邪褍泻邪褏 褌芯谢褜泻芯 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌, 胁 懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁械 锌芯薪懈屑邪褞褌 屑邪谢芯. 袙褋械 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘, 褍 胁褋械褏 褋褌褉芯谐懈械 谢懈褑邪, 胁褋械 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褌芯谢褜泻芯 芯 胁邪卸薪芯屑, 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋褌胁褍褞褌, 邪 屑械卸写褍 褌械屑 褍 胁褋械褏 薪邪 谐谢邪蟹邪褏 褉邪斜芯褔懈械 械写褟褌 芯褌胁褉邪褌懈褌械谢褜薪芯, 褋锌褟褌 斜械蟹 锌芯写褍褕械泻, 锌芯 褌褉懈写褑邪褌懈, 锌芯 褋芯褉芯泻邪 胁 芯写薪芯泄 泻芯屑薪邪褌械, 胁械蟹写械 泻谢芯锌褘, 褋屑褉邪写, 褋褘褉芯褋褌褜, 薪褉邪胁褋褌胁械薪薪邪褟 薪械褔懈褋褌芯褌邪鈥� 袠, 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯, 胁褋械 褏芯褉芯褕懈械 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉褘 褍 薪邪褋 写谢褟 褌芯谐芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯, 褔褌芯斜褘 芯褌胁械褋褌懈 谐谢邪蟹邪 褋械斜械 懈 写褉褍谐懈屑. 校泻邪卸懈褌械 屑薪械, 谐写械 褍 薪邪褋 褟褋谢懈, 芯 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯 懈 褔邪褋褌芯, 谐写械 褔懈褌邪谢褜薪懈? 袨 薪懈褏 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁 褉芯屑邪薪邪褏 锌懈褕褍褌, 薪邪 写械谢械 卸械 懈褏 薪械褌 褋芯胁褋械屑. 袝褋褌褜 褌芯谢褜泻芯 谐褉褟蟹褜, 锌芯褕谢芯褋褌褜, 邪蟹懈邪褌褔懈薪邪鈥� 携 斜芯褞褋褜 懈 薪械 谢褞斜谢褞 芯褔械薪褜 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘褏 褎懈蟹懈芯薪芯屑懈泄, 斜芯褞褋褜 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘褏 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉芯胁. 袥褍褔褕械 锌芯屑芯谢褔懈屑!禄 袣褋褌邪褌懈, 屑薪械 薪械 薪褉邪胁懈褌褋褟 褋谢芯胁芯 芦邪蟹懈邪褌褔懈薪邪禄.
袚褉褍褋褌褜褞 芯褌蟹褘胁邪褞褌褋褟 褋谢芯胁邪 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪. 芦袟薪邪械褌械, 褟 胁褋褌邪褞 胁 锌褟褌芯屑 褔邪褋褍 褍褌褉邪, 褉邪斜芯褌邪褞 褋 褍褌褉邪 写芯 胁械褔械褉邪, 薪褍, 褍 屑械薪褟 锌芯褋褌芯褟薪薪芯 写械薪褜谐懈 褋胁芯懈 懈 褔褍卸懈械, 懈 褟 胁懈卸褍, 泻邪泻懈械 泻褉褍谐芯屑 谢褞写懈. 袧邪写芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪邪褔邪褌褜 写械谢邪褌褜 褔褌芯-薪懈斜褍写褜, 褔褌芯斜褘 锌芯薪褟褌褜, 泻邪泻 屑邪谢芯 褔械褋褌薪褘褏, 锌芯褉褟写芯褔薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄. 袠薪芯泄 褉邪蟹, 泻芯谐写邪 薪械 褋锌懈褌褋褟, 褟 写褍屑邪褞: 谐芯褋锌芯写懈, 褌褘 写邪谢 薪邪屑 谐褉芯屑邪写薪褘械 谢械褋邪, 薪械芯斜褗褟褌薪褘械 锌芯谢褟, 谐谢褍斜芯褔邪泄褕懈械 谐芯褉懈蟹芯薪褌褘, 懈, 卸懈胁褟 褌褍褌, 屑褘 褋邪屑懈 写芯谢卸薪褘 斜褘 锌芯-薪邪褋褌芯褟褖械屑褍 斜褘褌褜 胁械谢懈泻邪薪邪屑懈鈥β� 袨褌 薪懈褏 胁械械褌 斜械蟹褘褋褏芯写薪芯褋褌褜褞, 械褋谢懈 写邪卸械 写械褟褌械谢褜薪褘械, 锌褉械写锌褉懈懈屑褔懈胁褘械 谢褞写懈 胁懈写褟褌, 泻邪泻 屑邪谢芯 褔械褋褌薪褘褏, 锌芯褉褟写芯褔薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄, 褋泻芯谢褜泻芯 褋 褌邪泻懈屑懈 褉械褋褍褉褋邪屑懈 屑芯卸薪芯 斜褘谢芯 斜褘 褋写械谢邪褌褜, 邪 褌芯谢泻褍 胁褋械 屑邪谢芯..
袠 褋芯胁褋械屑 谐邪写泻芯 蟹胁褍褔邪褌 褋谢芯胁邪 谢邪泻械褟 携褕泻懈: 芦效褌芯 卸 褌邪屑 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌褜, 胁褘 褋邪屑懈 胁懈写懈褌械, 褋褌褉邪薪邪 薪械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪薪邪褟, 薪邪褉芯写 斜械蟹薪褉邪胁褋褌胁械薪薪褘泄, 锌褉懈褌芯屑 褋泻褍泻邪, 薪邪 泻褍褏薪械 泻芯褉屑褟褌 斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹薪芯, 邪 褌褍褌 械褖械 肖懈褉褋 褝褌芯褌 褏芯写懈褌, 斜芯褉屑芯褔械褌 褉邪蟹薪褘械 薪械锌芯写褏芯写褟褖懈械 褋谢芯胁邪.禄
袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 褍械蟹卸邪械褌 胁 袩邪褉懈卸 褋 写械薪褜谐邪屑懈 芯褌 褟褉芯褋谢邪胁褋泻芯泄 褉芯写褋褌胁械薪薪懈褑褘 薪邪 胁褘泻褍锌 懈屑械薪懈褟, 蟹薪邪褟, 褔褌芯 芯薪懈 泻芯薪褔邪褌褋褟 芯褔械薪褜 斜褘褋褌褉芯, 芯褋褌邪胁谢褟褟 袗薪褞 褋邪屑芯泄 褍褋褌褉邪懈胁邪褌褜 褋胁芯褞 卸懈蟹薪褜. 孝邪泻 谢懈 芯薪邪 写芯斜褉邪? 袙 械械 写芯斜褉芯褌械 械褋褌褜 褔褌芯-褌芯 褍写邪谢芯械, 薪邪 锌褍斜谢懈泻褍, 锌褍褋褌芯械 懈 薪械谢械锌芯械 斜邪褏胁邪谢褜褋褌胁芯. 袠 褝褌芯, 械褋谢懈 褏芯褌懈褌械, 锌芯褕谢芯. 袙褘褉芯卸写械薪懈械 邪褉懈褋褌芯泻褉邪褌懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 泻谢邪褋褋邪 蟹邪褕谢芯 褌邪泻 写邪谢械泻芯, 褔褌芯 懈褏 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈械 褋褌邪谢芯 薪械 锌褉芯褋褌芯 芯斜褘写械薪薪褘屑 懈 斜械褋褑械谢褜薪褘屑, 薪芯 懈 锌芯褕谢褘屑, 谐谢褍锌褘屑 懈 芯斜褉械屑械薪懈褌械谢褜薪褘屑 写谢褟 胁褋械褏, 泻褌芯 薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟 褉褟写芯屑 褋 薪懈屑懈. 肖懈褉褋 鈥� 芯谢懈褑械褌胁芯褉械薪懈械 薪邪褉芯写邪, 芯褋褌邪械褌褋褟 蟹邪斜褘褌 懈 芯薪 锌芯泻芯褉械薪 褋胁芯械泄 褋褍写褜斜械.
袠 胁褋械 卸械 效械褏芯胁 芯锌褌懈屑懈褋褌懈褔械薪. 袝谐芯 谐械褉芯懈 屑械褔褌邪褞褌 芯 褋褔邪褋褌褜械. 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪 屑械褔褌邪械褌 芯 褋褔邪褋褌褜械 薪邪 蟹械屑谢械, 锌褉懈薪芯褋褟褖械泄 写芯褏芯写. 孝褉芯褎懈屑芯胁 屑械褔褌邪械褌: 芦效械谢芯胁械褔械褋褌胁芯 懈写械褌 泻 胁褘褋褕械泄 锌褉邪胁写械, 泻 胁褘褋褕械屑褍 褋褔邪褋褌褜褞, 泻邪泻芯械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁芯蟹屑芯卸薪芯 薪邪 蟹械屑谢械, 懈 褟 胁 锌械褉胁褘褏 褉褟写邪褏!禄 孝芯谢褜泻芯, 锌芯卸邪谢褍泄, 效械褏芯胁 胁 褝褌芯屑 芯卸懈写邪薪懈懈 褋褔邪褋褌褜褟 芯褕懈斜褋褟.
袨褋褌邪械褌褋褟 薪械褉邪蟹褉械褕械薪薪褘泄 胁芯锌褉芯褋: 袪邪薪械胁褋泻邪褟 锌褉褟屑芯 懈 薪械写胁褍褋屑褘褋谢械薪薪芯 锌褉芯褋懈褌 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 锌芯胁褉械屑械薪懈褌褜 褋 褉褍斜泻芯泄 褋邪写邪 写芯 械械 芯褌褗械蟹写邪, 械褖械 褉邪蟹 褝褌褍 锌褉芯褋褜斜褍 锌芯胁褌芯褉褟械褌 袗薪褟. 袧芯 胁 褎懈薪邪谢褜薪芯泄 褋褑械薪械, 泻芯谐写邪 芯薪邪 械褖械 胁 褍褋邪写褜斜械, 褍卸械 褉邪蟹写邪械褌褋褟 褋褌褍泻 褌芯锌芯褉邪. 袦褘 胁懈写械谢懈 懈褋泻褉械薪薪芯褋褌褜 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 薪邪 褋谢芯胁邪褏 懈 薪邪 写械谢械. 袧械褍卸械谢懈 锌褉芯薪懈泻薪芯胁械薪薪褘械 褋谢芯胁邪: 芦懈 谢褞斜谢褞 胁邪褋, 泻邪泻 褉芯写薪褍褞鈥� 斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞禄 - 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褋谢芯胁邪. 袗 屑芯卸械褌 芦斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞禄 芯蟹薪邪褔邪褞褌 械谐芯 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 薪械泄, 泻邪泻 泻 卸械薪褖懈薪械? 携 薪械 胁械褉褞 胁 懈薪褌械褉锌褉械褌邪褑懈褞, 褔褌芯 褋褌褍泻 褌芯锌芯褉邪 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌 芯褌褗械蟹写邪 芯斜褗褟褋薪褟械褌褋褟 屑械褉泻邪薪褌懈谢褜薪芯褋褌褜褞 懈 械谐芯 褔械褉褋褌胁邪褟 锌褉邪泻褌懈褔薪芯褋褌褜 褍泻谢邪写褘胁邪械褌褋褟 胁 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈褞 芦胁褉械屑褟-写械薪褜谐懈禄. 袧械 褌邪泻芯泄 芯薪 懈 写胁褍谢懈褔薪褘泄. 袨褔械胁懈写薪芯, 褔褌芯 褌邪泻芯泄 锌芯褋褌褍锌芯泻 屑芯卸薪芯 薪邪蟹胁邪褌褜 褋谢芯胁芯褋芯褔械褌邪薪懈械屑 芦写械谢邪褌褜 薪邪蟹谢芯禄. 孝芯谢褜泻芯 锌芯褔械屑褍 芯薪 胁写褉褍谐 懈蟹屑械薪懈谢 褋胁芯械 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈械? 袗 懈蟹屑械薪懈谢 芯薪 械谐芯 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌, 泻芯谐写邪 锌褉懈褕械谢 懈蟹胁械褋褌懈械屑, 褔褌芯 芯薪 胁 卸械褋褌芯褔邪泄褕械泄 斜芯褉褜斜械 薪邪 锌芯胁褘褕械薪懈械 褑械薪褘 胁褘懈谐褉邪谢 邪褍泻褑懈芯薪. 协褌芯屑褍 锌褉械写褕械褋褌胁芯胁邪谢 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉:
芦袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪. 袩芯泄写械屑褌械, 谐芯褋锌芯写邪, 锌芯褉邪. 袗 褌褍褌, 袙邪褉褟, 屑褘 褌械斜褟 褋芯胁褋械屑 锌褉芯褋胁邪褌邪谢懈, 锌芯蟹写褉邪胁谢褟褞.
袙邪褉褟 (褋泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘). 协褌懈屑, 屑邪屑邪, 褕褍褌懈褌褜 薪械谢褜蟹褟.
袥芯锌邪褏懈薪. 袨褏屑械谢懈褟, 懈写懈 胁 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褜鈥β�
袨褔械胁懈写薪芯, 袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 谢褞斜懈谢 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪褍, 芯薪 懈 械械 褏芯褌械谢 芦泻褍锌懈褌褜禄. 袧芯 芯薪邪 胁褋械 袙邪褉褞 褋胁邪褌邪谢邪 蟹邪 薪械谐芯, 芯薪 写谢褟 薪械械 斜褘谢 斜褘胁褕懈泄 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯泄, 芯薪邪 械谐芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 薪械 锌褉懈薪懈屑邪谢邪 胁褋械褉褜械蟹. 袩芯褝褌芯屑褍 褌芯锌芯褉 蟹邪蟹胁褍褔邪谢 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌 芯褌褗械蟹写邪.
袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 鈥� 褌芯卸械 褋懈屑胁芯谢, 懈 芯薪邪 褋懈屑胁芯谢 胁褘褉芯卸写邪褞褖械谐芯褋褟 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 写胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁邪. 袨薪邪, 泻邪泻 褝褌芯 褔邪褋褌芯 锌褉芯懈褋褏芯写懈褌 薪械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 薪芯 懈 胁芯 胁褋械褏 锌芯褋褌褋芯胁械褌褋泻懈褏 褋褌褉邪薪邪褏 懈 薪械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褋 写胁芯褉褟薪邪屑懈, 谐芯褉褟褔芯 谢褞斜懈褌 褉芯写懈薪褍, 薪芯 锌褉械写锌芯褔懈褌邪械褌 卸懈褌褜 胁 袝胁褉芯锌械 (芯褌褔邪褋褌懈 懈蟹-蟹邪 褌褉邪谐械写懈懈 褋 褋褘薪芯屑, 薪芯 胁 褑械谢芯屑, 胁芯芯斜褖械 褋 褍谢芯卸懈胁褕械泄褋褟 褌褉邪写懈褑懈械泄). 袝械 锌械褉械锌芯谢薪褟褞褌 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 芦袙懈写懈褌 斜芯谐, 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褉芯写懈薪褍, 谢褞斜谢褞 薪械卸薪芯, 褟 薪械 屑芯谐谢邪 褋屑芯褌褉械褌褜 懈蟹 胁邪谐芯薪邪, 胁褋械 锌谢邪泻邪谢邪. (小泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘.)禄 袩芯褉芯泄 芯薪邪 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪邪. 芦 携 薪械 屑芯谐褍 褍褋懈写械褌褜, 薪械 胁 褋芯褋褌芯褟薪懈懈. (袙褋泻邪泻懈胁邪械褌 懈 褏芯写懈褌 胁 褋懈谢褜薪芯屑 胁芯谢薪械薪懈懈.) 携 薪械 锌械褉械卸懈胁褍 褝褌芯泄 褉邪写芯褋褌懈鈥� 小屑械泄褌械褋褜 薪邪写芯 屑薪芯泄, 褟 谐谢褍锌邪褟鈥� 楔泻邪褎懈泻 屑芯泄 褉芯写薪芯泄鈥� (笑械谢褍械褌 褕泻邪褎.) 小褌芯谢懈泻 屑芯泄.禄 袠 胁褋械-褌邪泻懈 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 褉芯写懈薪械 褍 薪械械 鈥� 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 褌芯屑褍, 褋 褔械屑 褋胁褟蟹邪薪褘 械械 谢懈褔薪褘械 胁芯褋锌芯屑懈薪邪薪懈褟, 谢懈褔薪褘械 胁械褖懈. 协褌褍 屑褘褋谢褜 锌芯写褌胁械褉卸写邪械褌 懈 褉械锌谢懈泻邪 袚邪械胁邪: 芦袛芯褉芯谐芯泄, 屑薪芯谐芯褍胁邪卸邪械屑褘泄 褕泻邪褎! 袩褉懈胁械褌褋褌胁褍褞 褌胁芯械 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈械, 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 胁芯褌 褍卸械 斜芯谢褜褕械 褋褌邪 谢械褌 斜褘谢芯 薪邪锌褉邪胁谢械薪芯 泻 褋胁械褌谢褘屑 懈写械邪谢邪屑 写芯斜褉邪 懈 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁芯褋褌懈; 褌胁芯泄 屑芯谢褔邪谢懈胁褘泄 锌褉懈蟹褘胁 泻 锌谢芯写芯褌胁芯褉薪芯泄 褉邪斜芯褌械 薪械 芯褋谢邪斜械胁邪谢 胁 褌械褔械薪懈械 褋褌邪 谢械褌, 锌芯写写械褉卸懈胁邪褟 (褋泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘) 胁 锌芯泻芯谢械薪懈褟褏 薪邪褕械谐芯 褉芯写邪 斜芯写褉芯褋褌褜, 胁械褉褍 胁 谢褍褔褕械械 斜褍写褍褖械械 懈 胁芯褋锌懈褌褘胁邪褟 胁 薪邪褋 懈写械邪谢褘 写芯斜褉邪 懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯谐芯 褋邪屑芯褋芯蟹薪邪薪懈褟.禄 协褌褍 褉械锌谢懈泻褍 屑芯卸薪芯 斜褘谢芯 斜褘 锌褉懈薪褟褌褜 蟹邪 褕褍褌泻褍, 械褋谢懈 斜褘 薪械 褋谢械蟹褘, 懈 械褋谢懈 斜褘 锌芯褌芯屑 芯薪 薪械 褋褌械褋薪褟谢褋褟 褋胁芯械泄 褉械褔懈 褕泻邪褎褍. 袛胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁芯 胁褘褉芯卸写邪械褌褋褟 懈 锌褉械胁褉邪褖邪械褌褋褟 胁 屑械褖邪薪褋褌胁芯, 锌褉懈胁褟蟹邪薪薪芯械 泻 屑懈谢褘屑 褋械褉写褑褍 胁械褖邪屑.
袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 褉褍泻芯胁芯写褋褌胁褍械褌褋褟 薪械 锌褉芯褋褌芯 屑械褉泻邪薪褌懈谢褜薪褘屑懈 懈薪褌械褉械褋邪屑懈, 芯薪 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械褌 斜谢邪谐芯写邪褉薪芯褋褌褜 懈 胁锌芯谢薪械 懈褋泻褉械薪械薪 胁 褋胁芯懈褏 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褏 芦袦芯泄 芯褌械褑 斜褘谢 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑 褍 胁邪褕械谐芯 写械写邪 懈 芯褌褑邪, 薪芯 胁褘, 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪芯 胁褘, 褋写械谢邪谢懈 写谢褟 屑械薪褟 泻芯谐写邪-褌芯 褌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯, 褔褌芯 褟 蟹邪斜褘谢 胁褋械 懈 谢褞斜谢褞 胁邪褋, 泻邪泻 褉芯写薪褍褞鈥� 斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞.禄 袨薪 锌褉械写谢邪谐邪械褌 械泄 锌谢邪薪 褋锌邪褋械薪懈褟 鈥� 褉邪蟹斜懈褌褜 胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写 懈 蟹械屑谢褞 锌芯 褉械泻械 薪邪 写邪褔薪褘械 褍褔邪褋褌泻懈, 褋写邪褌褜 胁 邪褉械薪写褍 懈 锌芯谢褍褔邪褌褜 锌芯 写胁邪写褑邪褌褜 锌褟褌褜 褌褘褋褟褔 写芯褏芯写邪 蟹邪 写械褋褟褌懈薪褍.禄
袧芯 械谐芯 薪械 褋谢褍褕邪褞褌, 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 锌褉械褉褘胁邪械褌 械谐芯 邪褉谐褍屑械薪褌芯屑, 褔褌芯 芦袝褋谢懈 胁芯 胁褋械泄 谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈 械褋褌褜 褔褌芯-薪懈斜褍写褜 懈薪褌械褉械褋薪芯械, 写邪卸械 蟹邪屑械褔邪褌械谢褜薪芯械, 褌邪泻 褝褌芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪邪褕 胁懈褕薪械胁褘泄 褋邪写禄, 邪 写邪褔懈 芯薪邪 薪邪蟹褘胁邪械褌 锌芯褕谢芯褋褌褜褞. 袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 械械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌, 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌 褋邪屑邪 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪, 褔褌芯 褌芯褉谐懈 褍卸械 薪邪蟹薪邪褔械薪褘, 懈 械褋谢懈, 芯薪邪 褋邪屑邪 薪械 胁褘褉褍斜懈褌 褋邪写 锌芯写 写邪褔懈, 褌芯 薪芯胁褘泄 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪懈泻 褝褌芯 斜褍写械褌 胁褘薪褍卸写械薪 褋写械谢邪褌褜, 褔褌芯斜褘 芯泻褍锌懈褌褜 褋胁芯懈 懈薪胁械褋褌懈褑懈懈.
效谢械薪褘 褋械屑褜懈 屑褘褋谢褟褌 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈褟屑懈 褔褍写械褋薪芯谐芯 芯斜芯谐邪褖械薪懈褟. 袚邪械胁 胁蟹写褘褏邪械褌, 褏芯褉芯褕芯 斜褘 胁褘写邪褌褜 薪邪褕褍 袗薪褟 蟹邪 斜芯谐邪褌芯谐芯, 褏芯褉芯褕芯 斜褘 锌芯械褏邪褌褜 胁 携褉芯褋谢邪胁谢褜 懈 锌芯锌褘褌邪褌褜 褋褔邪褋褌褜褟 褍 褌械褌褍褕泻懈-谐褉邪褎懈薪懈. 袧芯 褋邪屑 卸械 锌芯锌褉邪胁谢褟械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯 褌械褌褍褕泻邪 懈褏 薪械 谢褞斜懈褌, 锌芯褌芯屑褍 褔褌芯 胁褘褕谢邪 蟹邪屑褍卸 薪械 蟹邪 写胁芯褉褟薪懈薪邪. 芦袨薪邪 褏芯褉芯褕邪褟, 写芯斜褉邪褟, 褋谢邪胁薪邪褟, 褟 械械 芯褔械薪褜 谢褞斜谢褞, 薪芯, 泻邪泻 褌邪屑 薪懈 锌褉懈写褍屑褘胁邪泄 褋屑褟谐褔邪褞褖懈械 芯斜褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜褋褌胁邪, 胁褋械 卸械, 薪邪写芯 褋芯蟹薪邪褌褜褋褟, 芯薪邪 锌芯褉芯褔薪邪. 协褌芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁褍械褌褋褟 胁 械械 屑邪谢械泄褕械屑 写胁懈卸械薪懈懈.禄 效褌芯 卸械 锌芯褉芯褔薪芯谐芯, 锌芯屑懈屑芯 胁褘褏芯写邪 蟹邪屑褍卸 蟹邪 薪械 写胁芯褉褟薪懈薪邪, 芯薪邪 褋芯胁械褉褕懈谢邪, 袚邪械胁 懈 效械褏芯胁 薪邪屑 薪械 芯褌泻褉褘胁邪褞褌. 小泻芯褉械械 胁褋械谐芯 薪懈褔械谐芯. 小芯褋谢芯胁薪褘械 锌褉械写褉邪褋褋褍写泻懈 褍 薪懈褏 芯褔械薪褜 褋懈谢褜薪褘.
袩谢邪薪 袚邪械胁邪 锌芯 褋锌邪褋械薪懈褞 懈屑械薪懈褟 褌邪泻卸械 薪械褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪: 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 斜褍写械褌 锌褉芯褋懈褌褜 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 (褔械屑 卸械 芯薪 褋屑芯卸械褌 锌芯屑芯褔褜? 鈥� 薪懈褔械屑, 锌芯褋泻芯谢褜泻褍 褍 斜邪薪泻邪 胁褋械 锌褉邪胁邪 薪邪 蟹邪谢芯谐. 袨薪 懈 锌芯屑芯谐 胁 泻芯薪褑械, 胁褘泻褍锌懈胁 懈屑械薪懈械 锌芯 蟹邪胁褘褕械薪薪芯泄 褑械薪械, 懈 懈蟹谢懈褕械泻 锌芯谢邪谐邪谢褋褟 斜褘胁褕械屑褍 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪懈泻褍 鈥� 袥褞斜芯胁懈 袗薪写褉械械胁薪械), 袗薪褟 锌芯械写械褌 胁 携褉芯褋谢邪胁谢褜 泻 斜邪斜褍褕泻械 (褌芯卸械 屑邪谢芯胁械褉芯褟褌薪褘泄 褉械蟹褍谢褜褌邪褌, 褌械屑 斜芯谢械械, 褔褌芯 袗薪褟 锌褉懈蟹薪邪械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯 斜邪斜褍褕泻褍 薪械 谢褞斜懈褌), 邪 芯薪 褋邪屑 斜褍写械褌 锌褘褌邪褌褜褋褟 褍褋褌褉芯懈褌褜 蟹邪械屑 锌芯写 蟹邪谢芯谐 胁械泻褋械谢械泄 (械褋谢懈 写芯褏芯写芯胁 薪械褌, 褌芯 褝褌芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 芯褌褋褉芯褔泻邪 褋 褍胁械谢懈褔械薪懈械屑 写芯谢谐邪 胁 斜褍写褍褖械屑). 袧邪懈胁薪邪褟 袗薪褟 褍褋锌芯泻邪懈胁邪械褌褋褟.
袠 胁褋械 卸械 效械褏芯胁 褋褌邪胁懈谢 锌械褉械写 褋芯斜芯泄 蟹邪写邪褔褍 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 薪械 褋褌芯谢褜泻芯 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻褍褞 薪械芯斜芯褋薪芯胁邪薪薪芯褋褌褜 胁芯蟹蟹褉械薪懈泄 褍屑懈褉邪褞褖械谐芯 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 薪械 芯褌胁褘泻褕械谐芯 褋芯褉懈褌褜 写械薪褜谐邪屑懈, 薪械 褋芯懈蟹屑械褉褟褌褜 写芯褏芯写褘 懈 褉邪褋褏芯写褘, 薪械 屑褘褋谢懈褌褜 褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯 (泻芯褉薪懈 褝褌芯谐芯 谢械卸邪褌 胁 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯屑 锌褉邪胁械, 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 械褖械 薪械 蟹邪斜褘褌芯 写邪卸械 褋邪屑懈屑 斜褘胁褕懈屑懈 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑懈, 泻芯懈屑懈 褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟 懈 褋邪屑 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪, 懈 肖懈褉褋, 懈 胁褋械 芯褋褌邪谢褜薪褘械 胁 写芯屑械, 锌芯褋泻芯谢褜泻褍 胁芯 胁褉械屑褟 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯谐芯 锌褉邪胁邪 写芯褏芯写褘 褕谢懈 薪械 芯褌 褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯, 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻懈 胁褘谐芯写薪芯谐芯 褏芯蟹褟泄褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈褟, 邪 芯褌 锌芯写薪械胁芯谢褜薪芯谐芯 褌褉褍写邪 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘褏. 袠屑械薪薪芯 锌芯褝褌芯屑褍 褉械褑械锌褌 褋褍褕泻懈 胁懈褕薪懈, 泻芯褌芯褉褘屑 蟹邪褉邪斜邪褌褘胁邪谢芯 薪械泻芯谐写邪 懈屑械薪懈械, 斜褘谢 蟹邪斜褘褌 鈥� 薪械 芯褋褌邪谢芯褋褜 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘褏 褉邪斜芯褌薪懈泻芯胁, 泻褌芯 斜褘 蟹邪薪懈屑邪谢褋褟 褝褌懈屑). 孝褉芯褎懈屑芯胁 锌芯写褌胁械褉卸写邪械褌, 褔褌芯 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪 褍屑懈褉邪薪懈褟 褉褍褋褋泻芯谐芯 写胁芯褉褟薪褋褌胁邪 褋胁褟蟹邪薪芯 懈屑械薪薪芯 褋 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑 锌褉邪胁芯屑: 芦袙谢邪写械褌褜 卸懈胁褘屑懈 写褍褕邪屑懈 鈥� 胁械写褜 褝褌芯 锌械褉械褉芯写懈谢芯 胁褋械褏 胁邪褋, 卸懈胁褕懈褏 褉邪薪褜褕械 懈 褌械锌械褉褜 卸懈胁褍褖懈褏, 褌邪泻 褔褌芯 胁邪褕邪 屑邪褌褜, 胁褘, 写褟写褟 褍卸械 薪械 蟹邪屑械褔邪械褌械, 褔褌芯 胁褘 卸懈胁械褌械 胁 写芯谢谐, 薪邪 褔褍卸芯泄 褋褔械褌, 薪邪 褋褔械褌 褌械褏 谢褞写械泄, 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 胁褘 薪械 锌褍褋泻邪械褌械 写邪谢褜褕械 锌械褉械写薪械泄鈥� 袦褘 芯褌褋褌邪谢懈 锌芯 泻褉邪泄薪械泄 屑械褉械 谢械褌 薪邪 写胁械褋褌懈, 褍 薪邪褋 薪械褌 械褖械 褉芯胁薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯, 薪械褌 芯锌褉械写械谢械薪薪芯谐芯 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈褟 泻 锌褉芯褕谢芯屑褍, 屑褘 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋褌胁褍械屑, 卸邪谢褍械屑褋褟 薪邪 褌芯褋泻褍 懈谢懈 锌褜械屑 胁芯写泻褍. 袙械写褜 褌邪泻 褟褋薪芯, 褔褌芯斜褘 薪邪褔邪褌褜 卸懈褌褜 胁 薪邪褋褌芯褟褖械屑, 薪邪写芯 褋薪邪褔邪谢邪 懈褋泻褍锌懈褌褜 薪邪褕械 锌褉芯褕谢芯械, 锌芯泻芯薪褔懈褌褜 褋 薪懈屑, 邪 懈褋泻褍锌懈褌褜 械谐芯 屑芯卸薪芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褋褌褉邪写邪薪懈械屑, 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪械芯斜褘褔邪泄薪褘屑, 薪械锌褉械褉褘胁薪褘屑 褌褉褍写芯屑. 袩芯泄屑懈褌械 褝褌芯, 袗薪褟.禄 校褋褌邪屑懈 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 芯薪 写邪械褌 褝褌芯屑褍 泻谢邪褋褋褍 懈褋褔械褉锌褘胁邪褞褖褍褞 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉懈褋褌懈泻褍: 芦袩褉芯褋褌懈褌械, 褌邪泻懈褏 谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄, 泻邪泻 胁褘, 谐芯褋锌芯写邪, 褌邪泻懈褏 薪械写械谢芯胁褘褏, 褋褌褉邪薪薪褘褏, 褟 械褖械 薪械 胁褋褌褉械褔邪谢. 袙邪屑 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褉褍褋褋泻懈屑 褟蟹褘泻芯屑, 懈屑械薪懈械 胁邪褕械 锌褉芯写邪械褌褋褟, 邪 胁褘 褌芯褔薪芯 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌械.禄
效械褏芯胁 褋褌邪胁懈谢 蟹邪写邪褔褍 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜, 褋 泻邪泻懈屑懈 写褍褕械胁薪褘屑懈 屑褍泻邪屑懈, 褝褌芯褌 锌褉械泻褉邪褋薪褘泄, 胁芯蟹胁褘褕械薪薪褘泄 邪褉懈褋褌芯泻褉邪褌懈褔械褋泻懈泄 泻谢邪褋褋, 褍屑懈褉邪械褌, 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 胁械褋褜 褝褌芯褌 褝屑芯褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪褘泄 薪邪写褉褘胁, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 懈 褋屑械褕芯薪, 懈 卸邪谢芯泻, 懈 写芯褋褌芯懈薪 褋芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈褟.
袙 褝褌芯屑 懈 锌邪褉邪写芯泻褋. 小芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈械 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械褕褜 泻 褌械屑, 胁 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈懈 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 褋芯胁械褉褕邪械褌褋褟 薪械褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁芯褋褌褜. 袧芯 锌芯褔械屑褍 屑褘 懈褋锌褘褌褘胁邪械屑 褋芯褔褍胁褋褌胁懈械 泻 褝褌懈屑 芦谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪褘屑, 褋褌褉邪薪薪褘屑, 薪械写械谢芯胁褘屑禄, 薪械 蟹邪屑械褔邪褞褖懈屑, 褔褌芯 卸懈胁褍褌 胁 写芯谢谐, 谢褞写褟屑? 袧邪胁械褉薪芯械, 锌芯褌芯屑褍, 褔褌芯 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 鈥� 薪械薪邪屑械褉械薪薪芯 谢械谐泻芯屑褘褋谢械薪薪邪, 芯薪邪 褌邪泻芯泄 褍褉芯写懈谢邪褋褜 胁褋谢械写褋褌胁懈械 锌械褉械褉芯卸写械薪懈褟 泻谢邪褋褋邪, 胁谢邪写械褞褖械谐芯 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪褘屑懈 写褍褕邪屑懈. 袩芯褌芯屑褍 褔褌芯 芯薪邪 写芯斜褉邪, 懈 胁械褋褜 械械 谐褉械褏 胁 褌芯屑, 褔褌芯 芯薪邪 薪械 锌芯薪懈屑邪械褌, 芯褌泻褍写邪 斜械褉褍褌褋褟 写械薪褜谐懈. 袛邪卸械 械褋谢懈 褍 薪械械 懈褏 薪械褌, 芯薪邪 锌芯锌褉芯褋懈褌 褍 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 薪械 锌芯褌褉械斜褍械褌 懈褏 薪邪蟹邪写.
袝褖械 芯写薪邪 褑械谢褜 褝褌芯泄 锌褜械褋褘 鈥� 锌芯泻邪蟹邪褌褜 褉邪蟹薪褘械 褋谢芯懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁邪 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 锌芯褔械屑褍 袪芯褋褋懈褟 芯斜褉械褔械薪邪. 效械褏芯胁邪 斜械褋锌芯泻芯懈褌 懈 褌芯, 褔褌芯 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈褟 褋谢懈褕泻芯屑 褋谢邪斜邪, 屑薪芯谐芯褋谢芯胁薪邪 懈 斜械蟹写械褟褌械谢褜薪邪. 芦校 薪邪褋, 胁 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 褉邪斜芯褌邪褞褌 锌芯泻邪 芯褔械薪褜 薪械屑薪芯谐懈械. 袚褉芯屑邪写薪芯械 斜芯谢褜褕懈薪褋褌胁芯 褌芯泄 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈懈, 泻邪泻褍褞 褟 蟹薪邪褞, 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 懈褖械褌, 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 写械谢邪械褌 懈 泻 褌褉褍写褍 锌芯泻邪 薪械 褋锌芯褋芯斜薪芯. 袧邪蟹褘胁邪褞褌 褋械斜褟 懈薪褌械谢谢懈谐械薪褑懈械泄, 邪 锌褉懈褋谢褍谐械 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 芦褌褘禄, 褋 屑褍卸懈泻邪屑懈 芯斜褉邪褖邪褞褌褋褟, 泻邪泻 褋 卸懈胁芯褌薪褘屑懈, 褍褔邪褌褋褟 锌谢芯褏芯, 褋械褉褜械蟹薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 褔懈褌邪褞褌, 褉芯胁薪芯 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 写械谢邪褞褌, 芯 薪邪褍泻邪褏 褌芯谢褜泻芯 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌, 胁 懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁械 锌芯薪懈屑邪褞褌 屑邪谢芯. 袙褋械 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘, 褍 胁褋械褏 褋褌褉芯谐懈械 谢懈褑邪, 胁褋械 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褌芯谢褜泻芯 芯 胁邪卸薪芯屑, 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋褌胁褍褞褌, 邪 屑械卸写褍 褌械屑 褍 胁褋械褏 薪邪 谐谢邪蟹邪褏 褉邪斜芯褔懈械 械写褟褌 芯褌胁褉邪褌懈褌械谢褜薪芯, 褋锌褟褌 斜械蟹 锌芯写褍褕械泻, 锌芯 褌褉懈写褑邪褌懈, 锌芯 褋芯褉芯泻邪 胁 芯写薪芯泄 泻芯屑薪邪褌械, 胁械蟹写械 泻谢芯锌褘, 褋屑褉邪写, 褋褘褉芯褋褌褜, 薪褉邪胁褋褌胁械薪薪邪褟 薪械褔懈褋褌芯褌邪鈥� 袠, 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯, 胁褋械 褏芯褉芯褕懈械 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉褘 褍 薪邪褋 写谢褟 褌芯谐芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯, 褔褌芯斜褘 芯褌胁械褋褌懈 谐谢邪蟹邪 褋械斜械 懈 写褉褍谐懈屑. 校泻邪卸懈褌械 屑薪械, 谐写械 褍 薪邪褋 褟褋谢懈, 芯 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 谐芯胁芯褉褟褌 褌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯 懈 褔邪褋褌芯, 谐写械 褔懈褌邪谢褜薪懈? 袨 薪懈褏 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁 褉芯屑邪薪邪褏 锌懈褕褍褌, 薪邪 写械谢械 卸械 懈褏 薪械褌 褋芯胁褋械屑. 袝褋褌褜 褌芯谢褜泻芯 谐褉褟蟹褜, 锌芯褕谢芯褋褌褜, 邪蟹懈邪褌褔懈薪邪鈥� 携 斜芯褞褋褜 懈 薪械 谢褞斜谢褞 芯褔械薪褜 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘褏 褎懈蟹懈芯薪芯屑懈泄, 斜芯褞褋褜 褋械褉褜械蟹薪褘褏 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉芯胁. 袥褍褔褕械 锌芯屑芯谢褔懈屑!禄 袣褋褌邪褌懈, 屑薪械 薪械 薪褉邪胁懈褌褋褟 褋谢芯胁芯 芦邪蟹懈邪褌褔懈薪邪禄.
袚褉褍褋褌褜褞 芯褌蟹褘胁邪褞褌褋褟 褋谢芯胁邪 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪. 芦袟薪邪械褌械, 褟 胁褋褌邪褞 胁 锌褟褌芯屑 褔邪褋褍 褍褌褉邪, 褉邪斜芯褌邪褞 褋 褍褌褉邪 写芯 胁械褔械褉邪, 薪褍, 褍 屑械薪褟 锌芯褋褌芯褟薪薪芯 写械薪褜谐懈 褋胁芯懈 懈 褔褍卸懈械, 懈 褟 胁懈卸褍, 泻邪泻懈械 泻褉褍谐芯屑 谢褞写懈. 袧邪写芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 薪邪褔邪褌褜 写械谢邪褌褜 褔褌芯-薪懈斜褍写褜, 褔褌芯斜褘 锌芯薪褟褌褜, 泻邪泻 屑邪谢芯 褔械褋褌薪褘褏, 锌芯褉褟写芯褔薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄. 袠薪芯泄 褉邪蟹, 泻芯谐写邪 薪械 褋锌懈褌褋褟, 褟 写褍屑邪褞: 谐芯褋锌芯写懈, 褌褘 写邪谢 薪邪屑 谐褉芯屑邪写薪褘械 谢械褋邪, 薪械芯斜褗褟褌薪褘械 锌芯谢褟, 谐谢褍斜芯褔邪泄褕懈械 谐芯褉懈蟹芯薪褌褘, 懈, 卸懈胁褟 褌褍褌, 屑褘 褋邪屑懈 写芯谢卸薪褘 斜褘 锌芯-薪邪褋褌芯褟褖械屑褍 斜褘褌褜 胁械谢懈泻邪薪邪屑懈鈥β� 袨褌 薪懈褏 胁械械褌 斜械蟹褘褋褏芯写薪芯褋褌褜褞, 械褋谢懈 写邪卸械 写械褟褌械谢褜薪褘械, 锌褉械写锌褉懈懈屑褔懈胁褘械 谢褞写懈 胁懈写褟褌, 泻邪泻 屑邪谢芯 褔械褋褌薪褘褏, 锌芯褉褟写芯褔薪褘褏 谢褞写械泄, 褋泻芯谢褜泻芯 褋 褌邪泻懈屑懈 褉械褋褍褉褋邪屑懈 屑芯卸薪芯 斜褘谢芯 斜褘 褋写械谢邪褌褜, 邪 褌芯谢泻褍 胁褋械 屑邪谢芯..
袠 褋芯胁褋械屑 谐邪写泻芯 蟹胁褍褔邪褌 褋谢芯胁邪 谢邪泻械褟 携褕泻懈: 芦效褌芯 卸 褌邪屑 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌褜, 胁褘 褋邪屑懈 胁懈写懈褌械, 褋褌褉邪薪邪 薪械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪薪邪褟, 薪邪褉芯写 斜械蟹薪褉邪胁褋褌胁械薪薪褘泄, 锌褉懈褌芯屑 褋泻褍泻邪, 薪邪 泻褍褏薪械 泻芯褉屑褟褌 斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹薪芯, 邪 褌褍褌 械褖械 肖懈褉褋 褝褌芯褌 褏芯写懈褌, 斜芯褉屑芯褔械褌 褉邪蟹薪褘械 薪械锌芯写褏芯写褟褖懈械 褋谢芯胁邪.禄
袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪 褍械蟹卸邪械褌 胁 袩邪褉懈卸 褋 写械薪褜谐邪屑懈 芯褌 褟褉芯褋谢邪胁褋泻芯泄 褉芯写褋褌胁械薪薪懈褑褘 薪邪 胁褘泻褍锌 懈屑械薪懈褟, 蟹薪邪褟, 褔褌芯 芯薪懈 泻芯薪褔邪褌褋褟 芯褔械薪褜 斜褘褋褌褉芯, 芯褋褌邪胁谢褟褟 袗薪褞 褋邪屑芯泄 褍褋褌褉邪懈胁邪褌褜 褋胁芯褞 卸懈蟹薪褜. 孝邪泻 谢懈 芯薪邪 写芯斜褉邪? 袙 械械 写芯斜褉芯褌械 械褋褌褜 褔褌芯-褌芯 褍写邪谢芯械, 薪邪 锌褍斜谢懈泻褍, 锌褍褋褌芯械 懈 薪械谢械锌芯械 斜邪褏胁邪谢褜褋褌胁芯. 袠 褝褌芯, 械褋谢懈 褏芯褌懈褌械, 锌芯褕谢芯. 袙褘褉芯卸写械薪懈械 邪褉懈褋褌芯泻褉邪褌懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 泻谢邪褋褋邪 蟹邪褕谢芯 褌邪泻 写邪谢械泻芯, 褔褌芯 懈褏 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈械 褋褌邪谢芯 薪械 锌褉芯褋褌芯 芯斜褘写械薪薪褘屑 懈 斜械褋褑械谢褜薪褘屑, 薪芯 懈 锌芯褕谢褘屑, 谐谢褍锌褘屑 懈 芯斜褉械屑械薪懈褌械谢褜薪褘屑 写谢褟 胁褋械褏, 泻褌芯 薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟 褉褟写芯屑 褋 薪懈屑懈. 肖懈褉褋 鈥� 芯谢懈褑械褌胁芯褉械薪懈械 薪邪褉芯写邪, 芯褋褌邪械褌褋褟 蟹邪斜褘褌 懈 芯薪 锌芯泻芯褉械薪 褋胁芯械泄 褋褍写褜斜械.
袠 胁褋械 卸械 效械褏芯胁 芯锌褌懈屑懈褋褌懈褔械薪. 袝谐芯 谐械褉芯懈 屑械褔褌邪褞褌 芯 褋褔邪褋褌褜械. 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪 屑械褔褌邪械褌 芯 褋褔邪褋褌褜械 薪邪 蟹械屑谢械, 锌褉懈薪芯褋褟褖械泄 写芯褏芯写. 孝褉芯褎懈屑芯胁 屑械褔褌邪械褌: 芦效械谢芯胁械褔械褋褌胁芯 懈写械褌 泻 胁褘褋褕械泄 锌褉邪胁写械, 泻 胁褘褋褕械屑褍 褋褔邪褋褌褜褞, 泻邪泻芯械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 胁芯蟹屑芯卸薪芯 薪邪 蟹械屑谢械, 懈 褟 胁 锌械褉胁褘褏 褉褟写邪褏!禄 孝芯谢褜泻芯, 锌芯卸邪谢褍泄, 效械褏芯胁 胁 褝褌芯屑 芯卸懈写邪薪懈懈 褋褔邪褋褌褜褟 芯褕懈斜褋褟.
袨褋褌邪械褌褋褟 薪械褉邪蟹褉械褕械薪薪褘泄 胁芯锌褉芯褋: 袪邪薪械胁褋泻邪褟 锌褉褟屑芯 懈 薪械写胁褍褋屑褘褋谢械薪薪芯 锌褉芯褋懈褌 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 锌芯胁褉械屑械薪懈褌褜 褋 褉褍斜泻芯泄 褋邪写邪 写芯 械械 芯褌褗械蟹写邪, 械褖械 褉邪蟹 褝褌褍 锌褉芯褋褜斜褍 锌芯胁褌芯褉褟械褌 袗薪褟. 袧芯 胁 褎懈薪邪谢褜薪芯泄 褋褑械薪械, 泻芯谐写邪 芯薪邪 械褖械 胁 褍褋邪写褜斜械, 褍卸械 褉邪蟹写邪械褌褋褟 褋褌褍泻 褌芯锌芯褉邪. 袦褘 胁懈写械谢懈 懈褋泻褉械薪薪芯褋褌褜 袥芯锌褍褏懈薪邪 薪邪 褋谢芯胁邪褏 懈 薪邪 写械谢械. 袧械褍卸械谢懈 锌褉芯薪懈泻薪芯胁械薪薪褘械 褋谢芯胁邪: 芦懈 谢褞斜谢褞 胁邪褋, 泻邪泻 褉芯写薪褍褞鈥� 斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞禄 - 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褋谢芯胁邪. 袗 屑芯卸械褌 芦斜芯谢褜褕械, 褔械屑 褉芯写薪褍褞禄 芯蟹薪邪褔邪褞褌 械谐芯 谢褞斜芯胁褜 泻 薪械泄, 泻邪泻 泻 卸械薪褖懈薪械? 携 薪械 胁械褉褞 胁 懈薪褌械褉锌褉械褌邪褑懈褞, 褔褌芯 褋褌褍泻 褌芯锌芯褉邪 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌 芯褌褗械蟹写邪 芯斜褗褟褋薪褟械褌褋褟 屑械褉泻邪薪褌懈谢褜薪芯褋褌褜褞 懈 械谐芯 褔械褉褋褌胁邪褟 锌褉邪泻褌懈褔薪芯褋褌褜 褍泻谢邪写褘胁邪械褌褋褟 胁 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈褞 芦胁褉械屑褟-写械薪褜谐懈禄. 袧械 褌邪泻芯泄 芯薪 懈 写胁褍谢懈褔薪褘泄. 袨褔械胁懈写薪芯, 褔褌芯 褌邪泻芯泄 锌芯褋褌褍锌芯泻 屑芯卸薪芯 薪邪蟹胁邪褌褜 褋谢芯胁芯褋芯褔械褌邪薪懈械屑 芦写械谢邪褌褜 薪邪蟹谢芯禄. 孝芯谢褜泻芯 锌芯褔械屑褍 芯薪 胁写褉褍谐 懈蟹屑械薪懈谢 褋胁芯械 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈械? 袗 懈蟹屑械薪懈谢 芯薪 械谐芯 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌, 泻芯谐写邪 锌褉懈褕械谢 懈蟹胁械褋褌懈械屑, 褔褌芯 芯薪 胁 卸械褋褌芯褔邪泄褕械泄 斜芯褉褜斜械 薪邪 锌芯胁褘褕械薪懈械 褑械薪褘 胁褘懈谐褉邪谢 邪褍泻褑懈芯薪. 协褌芯屑褍 锌褉械写褕械褋褌胁芯胁邪谢 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉:
芦袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪邪. 袩芯泄写械屑褌械, 谐芯褋锌芯写邪, 锌芯褉邪. 袗 褌褍褌, 袙邪褉褟, 屑褘 褌械斜褟 褋芯胁褋械屑 锌褉芯褋胁邪褌邪谢懈, 锌芯蟹写褉邪胁谢褟褞.
袙邪褉褟 (褋泻胁芯蟹褜 褋谢械蟹褘). 协褌懈屑, 屑邪屑邪, 褕褍褌懈褌褜 薪械谢褜蟹褟.
袥芯锌邪褏懈薪. 袨褏屑械谢懈褟, 懈写懈 胁 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褜鈥β�
袨褔械胁懈写薪芯, 袥芯锌邪褏懈薪 谢褞斜懈谢 袥褞斜芯胁褜 袗薪写褉械械胁薪褍, 芯薪 懈 械械 褏芯褌械谢 芦泻褍锌懈褌褜禄. 袧芯 芯薪邪 胁褋械 袙邪褉褞 褋胁邪褌邪谢邪 蟹邪 薪械谐芯, 芯薪 写谢褟 薪械械 斜褘谢 斜褘胁褕懈泄 泻褉械锌芯褋褌薪芯泄, 芯薪邪 械谐芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 薪械 锌褉懈薪懈屑邪谢邪 胁褋械褉褜械蟹. 袩芯褝褌芯屑褍 褌芯锌芯褉 蟹邪蟹胁褍褔邪谢 胁 屑芯屑械薪褌 芯褌褗械蟹写邪.
May 3, 2025
The Cherry Orchard is a story that portrays the end of an era of landed gentry in Russia. With the fall of the nobility, there rises a new middle class. And the land ownership passes from the failing gentry to the wealthy middle class. Madame Ranevsky represents the declining nobility; Lopakhin, a merchant, represents the emerging new wealthy middle class. And interestingly, Loparkhin is a descendant of former serfs who toiled in the very same lands he was purchasing.
Thematically, Chekhov was bringing to light the socio-economic changes that underwent in Russia after the abolition of serfdom in 1861. These changes are very subtly portrayed in the play through the Cherry Orchard. The proud existence of the cherry orchard represents the once rich and powerful nobility; their fall is signified by the cherry orchard being cut. This symbolic presentation was very beautifully done.
As a secondary theme, I felt that Chekhov was keenly observing the personalities and psychologies of these two different classes and questioning whether real changes have taken place in Russia through all these reforms. The declining nobility represented by Madam Revensky, her brother, and another aristocrat, is shown as a frivolous lot; so is Lopakhin, the wealthy merchant. Chekhov shows that it is only the ownership and wealth that are changed hands and not any real social and economic changes have taken place. Written more than a decade earlier the Russian revolution, one can almost think that Chekhov saw that further changes would take place in the future, which he was unable to witness.
While all were good, some incidental characters that were used in this play disturbed the main thematic flow of the play. I did not understand the role they played, except perhaps for the dramatic effect on the stage. But when reading, they disturbed the flow and it was with some effort that I had to steer my way through the main storyline.
This is my first read of a play by Chekhov. And although I was not fully pleased with the way the story/play was presented, I still liked it. I greatly admire his thinking. It is no wonder that he is named as one of the greatest Russian short fiction writers.
Thematically, Chekhov was bringing to light the socio-economic changes that underwent in Russia after the abolition of serfdom in 1861. These changes are very subtly portrayed in the play through the Cherry Orchard. The proud existence of the cherry orchard represents the once rich and powerful nobility; their fall is signified by the cherry orchard being cut. This symbolic presentation was very beautifully done.
As a secondary theme, I felt that Chekhov was keenly observing the personalities and psychologies of these two different classes and questioning whether real changes have taken place in Russia through all these reforms. The declining nobility represented by Madam Revensky, her brother, and another aristocrat, is shown as a frivolous lot; so is Lopakhin, the wealthy merchant. Chekhov shows that it is only the ownership and wealth that are changed hands and not any real social and economic changes have taken place. Written more than a decade earlier the Russian revolution, one can almost think that Chekhov saw that further changes would take place in the future, which he was unable to witness.
While all were good, some incidental characters that were used in this play disturbed the main thematic flow of the play. I did not understand the role they played, except perhaps for the dramatic effect on the stage. But when reading, they disturbed the flow and it was with some effort that I had to steer my way through the main storyline.
This is my first read of a play by Chekhov. And although I was not fully pleased with the way the story/play was presented, I still liked it. I greatly admire his thinking. It is no wonder that he is named as one of the greatest Russian short fiction writers.
June 22, 2018
爻丕賱賴丕 倬蹖卮 (卮丕蹖丿 爻賵賲 丿亘爻鬲丕賳) 賵賯鬲蹖 賴乇诏夭 賳賲蹖丿丕賳爻鬲賲 趩禺賵賮 讴蹖爻鬲 讴鬲丕亘蹖 丕夭 倬丿乇 賴丿蹖賴 诏乇賮鬲賲 亘丕 毓賳賵丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴丕蹖 讴賵鬲丕賴 丕夭 賲卮丕賴蹖乇 丕丿亘蹖 噩賴丕賳 讴賴 爻賴 賳丕賲貙 丿乇卮鬲貙 亘乇 乇賵蹖 噩賱丿卮 丌賲丿賴 亘賵丿 : 賱卅賵賳 鬲賵賱爻鬲賵蹖貙 丌賳鬲賵丕賳 趩禺賵賮貙 丌賱賮賵賳爻 丿賵丿賴....亘毓丿 丕夭丕蹖賳讴賴 丌賳 丕爻丕賲蹖 賳丕賲丕賳賵爻 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丿賲 趩賳丿 亘丕乇鬲賱賮馗 讴乇丿賲貙 亘賴 卮鬲丕亘 乇賮鬲賲 爻乇丕睾 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴丕 賵 "卮乇胤 亘賳丿蹖" 卮丿 丕賵賱蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 賲賳 丕夭 趩禺賵賮 賵 趩賴 鬲噩乇亘賴 丕蹖 貙 趩賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖
丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 蹖丕丿 丿丕乇賲 讴賴 丌賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕 賴賲賴 讴賵鬲丕賴蹖 丕卮貙 趩賯丿乇 亘乇丕賲 毓噩蹖亘 亘賵丿 貙 鬲丕 趩賳丿 乇賵夭 賲丿丕賲 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲貙 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 丌丿賲 賴丕蹖卮 (丕賱亘鬲賴 蹖讴蹖 丿賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賳丿丕卮鬲) 乇丕 賲乇賵乇 賲蹖讴乇丿賲 賵 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩乇丕 丌賳 胤賵乇 卮丿責 趩乇丕 丕賵賳 賮乇丿 亘賴 丕賵賳 賳鬲蹖噩賴 乇爻蹖丿 賵 ... ( 趩賳丿賵賯鬲 倬蹖卮 賴賲 讴賴 賲噩賲賵毓賴 "丿賲丕睾" 鈥撠ж池з� 賴丕蹖 讴賵鬲丕賴 乇賵爻蹖 鈥� 乇丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賳丿賲 賵 亘賴 卮乇胤 亘賳丿蹖 乇爻蹖丿賲 亘丕夭 賴賲 賴賲丕賳 丨丕賱 賵 賴賵丕 鬲讴乇丕乇 卮丿).
丕賲乇賵夭 亘毓丿 丕夭 鬲賲丕賲 卮丿賳 诏卮鬲 賵 诏匕丕乇 丿乇 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 趩禺賵賮 貙 乇賮鬲賲 爻乇丕睾 賴賲丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 禺丕胤乇賴 丕賳诏蹖夭 亘丕 丕賵賳 噩賱丿 賳丕蹖賱賵賳 卮丿賴 貙 (蹖讴 夭賲丕賳蹖 毓丕丿鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲 讴鬲丕亘丕賲賵 賳丕蹖賱賵賳 讴賳賲) : )) ...鬲氐賵乇 讴賳蹖丿 亘毓丿 丕夭 爻丕賱賴丕 賲蹖乇蹖丿 爻乇丕睾 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖 鬲乇蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴丕蹖 丿賵乇丕賳 讴賵丿讴蹖 鬲賵賳 讴賴 賴賲賵賳 胤賵乇 賳噩蹖亘 賵丿爻鬲 亘賴 爻蹖賳賴 賳卮爻鬲賴 賵禺蹖賱蹖 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇蹖丿 亘丿賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵 賮讴乇 趩蹖賴 貙亘賴 讴噩丕 賳诏丕賴 賲蹖讴賳賴 蹖丕 賲賳鬲馗乇 趩蹖賴...丿爻鬲 亘賴 讴丕睾匕賴丕卮 賲蹖 讴卮蹖丿 賵 丕賵賳 毓胤乇 賲禺氐賵氐 讴丕睾匕賴丕蹖 倬蹖乇 亘丕 诏賵卮賴 賴丕蹖 夭乇丿貙 亘蹖 賴蹖趩 賳丕夭 賵丕丿丕 賲蹖丕丿 爻乇丕睾鬲賵賳 ...丿賱 丕賳诏蹖夭鬲乇蹖賳 毓胤乇 丿賳蹖丕... (讴鬲丕亘 賴丕蹖 丕蹖賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇亘賴 噩夭 賲毓丿賵丿蹖 趩賳丿丕賳 毓胤乇蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 賳賴責)... 賵 倬卮鬲 爻乇卮貙 賲鬲氐賱貙 爻丕毓鬲賴丕 賵 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 丕賵賳 毓賴丿 賵賯賳丿 賵毓爻賱 丿賵乇丕賳卮 讴賴 蹖丕丿 亘丕丿...賵丕蹖 讴賴 丕诏賴 卮蹖乇蹖賳蹖 禺丕胤乇丕鬲貙 胤毓賲 诏爻 亘毓囟蹖 賱丨馗賴 賴丕賲賵賳 乇賵 毓賵囟 賳賲蹖 讴乇丿...丕賵賳 賯爻賲鬲 丕夭 賲睾夭 讴賴 賲丨賱 賳诏賴丿丕乇蹖 蹖丕丿賴丕 賵禺丕胤乇丕鬲 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖 賲賵賳賴貙 卮讴 賳丿丕乇賲 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 噩丕蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 賯卮賳诏 賵 乇賵卮賳蹖 亘丕卮賴...
丿賵乇 賳卮賲
讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 讴賴 賵乇賯 賲蹖夭丿賲 貙 賲賯丿賲賴 讴賵鬲丕賴 賵 賲禺鬲氐乇 賲乇亘賵胤 亘賴 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 "亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵" 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 "爻賴 禺賵丕賴乇丕賳" 賵 "禺賵丕爻鬲诏丕乇蹖 " 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲胤乇丨 丕蹖賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕卮丕乇賴 讴乇丿賴 賵 丨丕賱丕 亘毓丿 丕夭 爻丕賱賴丕 貙乇賮鬲賲 爻乇丕睾 丌賳 亘丕睾 賳丕賲 丌卮賳丕
賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 讴賵鬲丕賴 倬乇 丕夭 丕爻賲 賴丕蹖 爻禺鬲 賵 卮亘蹖賴 亘賴 賴賲 賽 乇賵爻蹖
賲丕噩乇丕 賲乇亘賵胤 亘賴 亘丕睾蹖 爻鬲 賯丿蹖賲蹖 賲丕蹖賲賱讴 賵賴爻鬲 賵 賳蹖爻鬲賽 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丕蹖 馗丕賴乇丕 丕氐蹖賱貙 讴賴 亘賴 毓賱鬲 亘丿賴蹖貙 鬲丕 丨乇丕噩 賵 丕夭 讴賮 乇賮鬲賳卮貙 趩蹖夭蹖 賳賲丕賳丿賴 貙 诏賮鬲诏賵賴丕 倬蹖乇丕賲賵賳 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 賴爻鬲 賵 丕蹖賳 賲蹖丕賳 賮乇丿蹖 賳賵讴蹖爻賴 賵 鬲丕夭賴 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴 (賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳) 讴賴 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賳夭丿蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴賲 賴爻鬲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 诏乇賮鬲賳 賲丕賴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丌亘 诏賱 丌賱賵丿 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘蹖賳 賳馗乇丕鬲 丕賮乇丕丿 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇丕 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳蹖賲 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 賴乇讴丿丕賲 賳賲丕蹖賳丿賴 賳賵毓蹖 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賵 亘丕賵乇 賴爻鬲賳丿 ... 丕夭 賮蹖乇爻 貙 倬蹖卮禺丿賲鬲 爻丕賱禺賵乇丿賴 鬲丕 蹖丕卮丕 禺丿賲鬲讴丕乇 噩賵丕賳 賵 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮貙 丿丕賳卮噩賵 賵 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 丌賳蹖丕 賵 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 .丌賳趩賴 讴賴 讴賲蹖 毓噩蹖亘 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖 乇爻丿 ( 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲 毓噩蹖亘 賳亘丕卮丿!) 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賲丕賱讴 丕氐賱蹖 亘丕睾 " 賱蹖賵亘賮 丌賳丿乇賴 蹖賵賳丕" 毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 賴賲賴 賳诏乇丕賳蹖 賴丕蹖卮 貙 趩賳丿丕賳 鬲賱丕卮蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 丕卮 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 丨鬲蹖 丿乇 丕賲賵乇 乇賵夭丕賳賴 賴賲 亘賴 乇睾賲 卮乇丕蹖胤 禺丕氐 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴貙 趩賳丿丕賳 丕賲爻丕讴蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 亘賴 乇丕丨鬲蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 亘丕 亘蹖 鬲毓賴丿蹖 貙 爻讴賴 賴丕蹖 胤賱丕蹖卮 乇丕 禺乇噩 賲蹖 讴賳丿 鬲丕 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘丕 丕毓鬲乇丕囟 丿禺鬲乇卮 賴賲 賲賵丕噩賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 賴賲趩賳丕賳 丿乇 丨丕賱 丕亘乇丕夭 賳诏乇丕賳蹖 賵 诏乇蹖賴 賵 賳丕賱賴 賴爻鬲...
亘賴 賳馗乇賲 亘丕睾 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 爻賲亘賱 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖蹖 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 賴乇趩賳丿 丿乇 馗丕賴乇 賮乇蹖丕丿 倬丕爻丿丕卮鬲 丌賳 爻乇 丿丕丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 丿乇 亘丕胤賳 賵 毓賲賱丕 鬲賱丕卮蹖 丿乇 禺賵乇貙 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌賳賴丕 氐賵乇鬲 賳賲蹖 诏蹖乇丿 賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賴诏匕乇貙 賳丕趩丕乇 賱诏丿賲丕賱 賲賳賮毓鬲 胤賱亘蹖 賴丕蹖 爻胤丨蹖 賵 爻賵丿噩賵蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕蹖蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 丿乇讴 乇賵卮賳蹖 丕夭 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丌賳 丕乇夭卮 賳丿丕乇賳丿 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 亘丕睾 蹖丕 丌賳 丕乇夭卮 亘賴 賲乇賵乇 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 亘蹖 賴賵蹖鬲蹖 賵亘蹖 丨賵氐賱诏蹖 鬲丿乇蹖噩蹖 賲丕賱讴丕賳卮 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 氐乇賮丕 亘丕 丌賴 賵 賳丕賱賴 卮丕賳 夭賲丕賳 賵夭賲蹖賳 乇丕 賴丿乇 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿
丕蹖賳 賲賮賴賵賲 貙 卮丕蹖丿 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩賲賱丕鬲 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮 讴賴 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳 丕賵 乇丕 丿爻鬲 丕賳丿丕禺鬲賴 賵 丿丕賳卮噩賵蹖 丕亘丿蹖 禺胤丕亘卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿貙 亘蹖卮鬲乇 噩賱賵賴 讴賳丿 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 :
爻乇丕爻乇 乇賵爻蹖賴 亘丕睾 賲丕爻鬲"
丌賳蹖丕 ! 賱丨馗賴 丕蹖 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖丿
亘賴 乇丕爻鬲蹖 丌蹖丕 丕夭 賴乇 丿乇禺鬲 丌賱亘丕賱賵貙 ...蹖讴 賲賵噩賵丿 夭賳丿賴 亘賴 卮賲丕 賳诏丕賴 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿責 丌蹖丕 氐丿丕蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 賳賲蹖 卮賳賵蹖丿責...亘賴 丨爻丕亘 讴爻丕賳蹖 丿丕乇蹖丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 讴賳蹖丿 讴賴 乇賵夭蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 噩賱賵鬲乇 丕夭 丿乇 禺丕賳賴貙 乇丕賴卮丕賳 賳賲蹖丿丕丿蹖丿...賲丕 丨丿丕賯賱 丿賵蹖爻鬲 爻丕賱 毓賯亘 賴爻鬲蹖賲 賴賳賵夭 賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賳丿丕乇蹖賲貙 賴蹖趩 乇丕亘胤賴 賲卮禺氐蹖 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賳丿丕乇蹖賲. 賲丕 賮賯胤 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖 讴賳蹖賲."
蹖丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳 毓氐乇 禺賵丿 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 :
"禺賵丿 乇丕 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇 賲蹖丿丕賳賳丿 丕賲丕 禺丿賲賴 乇丕 " 鬲賵 " 禺胤丕亘 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 亘丿 鬲丨氐蹖賱 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 趩蹖夭蹖 乇丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 噩丿蹖 賳賲蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿 丿乇亘丕乇賴 毓賱賵賲 賮賯胤 丨乇賮 賲蹖 夭賳賳丿 丕夭 賴賳乇 爻乇乇卮鬲賴 丕蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿 禺賵丿卮丕賳 乇丕 賲賴賲 賲蹖 倬賳丿丕乇賳丿 賵 趩賴乇賴 噩丿蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿卮丕賳 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿 貙 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖讴賳賳丿 ..."
賵 丕蹖賳 賴賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 丨乇讴丕鬲 賵 诏賮鬲丕乇 賲丕賱讴丕賳 亘丕睾 賲讴乇乇 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖賲 賵丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賴 趩禺賵賮 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 乇丕 丨賯蹖賯蹖 亘賴 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 亘乇丿 賴蹖趩 讴賵卮卮 亘蹖 賲賳胤賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘乇丕蹖 蹖讴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賵 禺賵卮丕蹖賳丿 亘賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲夭乇蹖賯 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賲毓賱賵賱蹖 丕夭 乇賮鬲丕乇 爻丕讴賳丕賳 賵 賲丕賱讴丕賳 亘丕睾 乇賯賲 賲蹖 禺賵乇丿.
賳賲蹖 丿丕賳賲 丕蹖賳 亘乇丿丕卮鬲賲 丕夭 丌賳 丕孬乇 趩賯丿乇 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲 賵賱蹖 丕夭 蹖讴 賲賵乇丿 丕胤賲蹖賳丕賳 丿丕乇賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩禺賵賮蹖 乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 賲丿鬲 毓賲乇 讴賵鬲丕賴 賵 趩賴賱 爻丕賱賴 禺賵蹖卮 丌孬丕乇蹖 禺賱賯 讴乇丿 讴賴 賲丕 亘毓丿 亘蹖卮 丕夭 氐丿爻丕賱 倬蹖賵爻鬲賴 亘丕 丕卮鬲蹖丕賯 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳蹖賲卮丕賳貙 賲孬賱 賴賲丕賳 毓賴丿 丿亘爻鬲丕賳貙 賴賲趩賳丕賳 賳賲蹖 卮賳丕爻賲 賵 賳禺賵丕賴賲 卮賳丕禺鬲.
丕賵 禺賵丿 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 : 賴賲賴 丕氐乇丕乇 丿丕乇賳丿 賲乇丕 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕蹖 睾賲诏蹖賳 賵 賲丨夭賵賳 亘倬賳丿丕乇賳丿 丨丕賱 丌賳 讴賴 賲賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇丕 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 賵丕賯毓蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖 讴賳賲. 丨丕囟乇賲 卮乇胤 亘亘賳丿賲 讴賴 賴蹖趩 诏丕賴 讴爻蹖 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲乇丕 亘丕 丿賯鬲 賳禺賵丕賳丿賴 丕爻鬲. (亘賴 賳賯賱 丕夭 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘)
"... 賴丿賮 賵 賲賮賴賵賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕夭 鬲賲丕賲 賲爻丕卅賱 倬蹖卮 倬丕 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 讴賴 賲丕賳毓 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 爻鬲 丿賵乇蹖 讴賳蹖賲. 倬爻 亘賴 倬蹖卮! 賲丕 亘丿賵賳 鬲賵賯賮 亘賴 爻賵蹖 爻鬲丕乇賴 乇賵卮賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丿賵乇 丿爻鬲 賲蹖 丿乇禺卮丿 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 乇賵蹖賲! ..." 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮 氐賮丨賴 42
丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 蹖丕丿 丿丕乇賲 讴賴 丌賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕 賴賲賴 讴賵鬲丕賴蹖 丕卮貙 趩賯丿乇 亘乇丕賲 毓噩蹖亘 亘賵丿 貙 鬲丕 趩賳丿 乇賵夭 賲丿丕賲 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲貙 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 丌丿賲 賴丕蹖卮 (丕賱亘鬲賴 蹖讴蹖 丿賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賳丿丕卮鬲) 乇丕 賲乇賵乇 賲蹖讴乇丿賲 賵 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩乇丕 丌賳 胤賵乇 卮丿責 趩乇丕 丕賵賳 賮乇丿 亘賴 丕賵賳 賳鬲蹖噩賴 乇爻蹖丿 賵 ... ( 趩賳丿賵賯鬲 倬蹖卮 賴賲 讴賴 賲噩賲賵毓賴 "丿賲丕睾" 鈥撠ж池з� 賴丕蹖 讴賵鬲丕賴 乇賵爻蹖 鈥� 乇丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賳丿賲 賵 亘賴 卮乇胤 亘賳丿蹖 乇爻蹖丿賲 亘丕夭 賴賲 賴賲丕賳 丨丕賱 賵 賴賵丕 鬲讴乇丕乇 卮丿).
丕賲乇賵夭 亘毓丿 丕夭 鬲賲丕賲 卮丿賳 诏卮鬲 賵 诏匕丕乇 丿乇 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 趩禺賵賮 貙 乇賮鬲賲 爻乇丕睾 賴賲丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 禺丕胤乇賴 丕賳诏蹖夭 亘丕 丕賵賳 噩賱丿 賳丕蹖賱賵賳 卮丿賴 貙 (蹖讴 夭賲丕賳蹖 毓丕丿鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲 讴鬲丕亘丕賲賵 賳丕蹖賱賵賳 讴賳賲) : )) ...鬲氐賵乇 讴賳蹖丿 亘毓丿 丕夭 爻丕賱賴丕 賲蹖乇蹖丿 爻乇丕睾 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖 鬲乇蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴丕蹖 丿賵乇丕賳 讴賵丿讴蹖 鬲賵賳 讴賴 賴賲賵賳 胤賵乇 賳噩蹖亘 賵丿爻鬲 亘賴 爻蹖賳賴 賳卮爻鬲賴 賵禺蹖賱蹖 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇蹖丿 亘丿賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵 賮讴乇 趩蹖賴 貙亘賴 讴噩丕 賳诏丕賴 賲蹖讴賳賴 蹖丕 賲賳鬲馗乇 趩蹖賴...丿爻鬲 亘賴 讴丕睾匕賴丕卮 賲蹖 讴卮蹖丿 賵 丕賵賳 毓胤乇 賲禺氐賵氐 讴丕睾匕賴丕蹖 倬蹖乇 亘丕 诏賵卮賴 賴丕蹖 夭乇丿貙 亘蹖 賴蹖趩 賳丕夭 賵丕丿丕 賲蹖丕丿 爻乇丕睾鬲賵賳 ...丿賱 丕賳诏蹖夭鬲乇蹖賳 毓胤乇 丿賳蹖丕... (讴鬲丕亘 賴丕蹖 丕蹖賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇亘賴 噩夭 賲毓丿賵丿蹖 趩賳丿丕賳 毓胤乇蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 賳賴責)... 賵 倬卮鬲 爻乇卮貙 賲鬲氐賱貙 爻丕毓鬲賴丕 賵 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 丕賵賳 毓賴丿 賵賯賳丿 賵毓爻賱 丿賵乇丕賳卮 讴賴 蹖丕丿 亘丕丿...賵丕蹖 讴賴 丕诏賴 卮蹖乇蹖賳蹖 禺丕胤乇丕鬲貙 胤毓賲 诏爻 亘毓囟蹖 賱丨馗賴 賴丕賲賵賳 乇賵 毓賵囟 賳賲蹖 讴乇丿...丕賵賳 賯爻賲鬲 丕夭 賲睾夭 讴賴 賲丨賱 賳诏賴丿丕乇蹖 蹖丕丿賴丕 賵禺丕胤乇丕鬲 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖 賲賵賳賴貙 卮讴 賳丿丕乇賲 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 噩丕蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 賯卮賳诏 賵 乇賵卮賳蹖 亘丕卮賴...
丿賵乇 賳卮賲
讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 讴賴 賵乇賯 賲蹖夭丿賲 貙 賲賯丿賲賴 讴賵鬲丕賴 賵 賲禺鬲氐乇 賲乇亘賵胤 亘賴 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 "亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵" 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 "爻賴 禺賵丕賴乇丕賳" 賵 "禺賵丕爻鬲诏丕乇蹖 " 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲胤乇丨 丕蹖賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕卮丕乇賴 讴乇丿賴 賵 丨丕賱丕 亘毓丿 丕夭 爻丕賱賴丕 貙乇賮鬲賲 爻乇丕睾 丌賳 亘丕睾 賳丕賲 丌卮賳丕
賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 讴賵鬲丕賴 倬乇 丕夭 丕爻賲 賴丕蹖 爻禺鬲 賵 卮亘蹖賴 亘賴 賴賲 賽 乇賵爻蹖
賲丕噩乇丕 賲乇亘賵胤 亘賴 亘丕睾蹖 爻鬲 賯丿蹖賲蹖 賲丕蹖賲賱讴 賵賴爻鬲 賵 賳蹖爻鬲賽 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丕蹖 馗丕賴乇丕 丕氐蹖賱貙 讴賴 亘賴 毓賱鬲 亘丿賴蹖貙 鬲丕 丨乇丕噩 賵 丕夭 讴賮 乇賮鬲賳卮貙 趩蹖夭蹖 賳賲丕賳丿賴 貙 诏賮鬲诏賵賴丕 倬蹖乇丕賲賵賳 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 賴爻鬲 賵 丕蹖賳 賲蹖丕賳 賮乇丿蹖 賳賵讴蹖爻賴 賵 鬲丕夭賴 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴 (賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳) 讴賴 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賳夭丿蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴賲 賴爻鬲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 诏乇賮鬲賳 賲丕賴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丌亘 诏賱 丌賱賵丿 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘蹖賳 賳馗乇丕鬲 丕賮乇丕丿 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇丕 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳蹖賲 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 賴乇讴丿丕賲 賳賲丕蹖賳丿賴 賳賵毓蹖 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賵 亘丕賵乇 賴爻鬲賳丿 ... 丕夭 賮蹖乇爻 貙 倬蹖卮禺丿賲鬲 爻丕賱禺賵乇丿賴 鬲丕 蹖丕卮丕 禺丿賲鬲讴丕乇 噩賵丕賳 賵 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮貙 丿丕賳卮噩賵 賵 丕夭 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 丌賳蹖丕 賵 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 .丌賳趩賴 讴賴 讴賲蹖 毓噩蹖亘 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖 乇爻丿 ( 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲 毓噩蹖亘 賳亘丕卮丿!) 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賲丕賱讴 丕氐賱蹖 亘丕睾 " 賱蹖賵亘賮 丌賳丿乇賴 蹖賵賳丕" 毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 賴賲賴 賳诏乇丕賳蹖 賴丕蹖卮 貙 趩賳丿丕賳 鬲賱丕卮蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 丕卮 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 丨鬲蹖 丿乇 丕賲賵乇 乇賵夭丕賳賴 賴賲 亘賴 乇睾賲 卮乇丕蹖胤 禺丕氐 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴貙 趩賳丿丕賳 丕賲爻丕讴蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 亘賴 乇丕丨鬲蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 亘丕 亘蹖 鬲毓賴丿蹖 貙 爻讴賴 賴丕蹖 胤賱丕蹖卮 乇丕 禺乇噩 賲蹖 讴賳丿 鬲丕 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘丕 丕毓鬲乇丕囟 丿禺鬲乇卮 賴賲 賲賵丕噩賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 賴賲趩賳丕賳 丿乇 丨丕賱 丕亘乇丕夭 賳诏乇丕賳蹖 賵 诏乇蹖賴 賵 賳丕賱賴 賴爻鬲...
亘賴 賳馗乇賲 亘丕睾 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 爻賲亘賱 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖蹖 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 賴乇趩賳丿 丿乇 馗丕賴乇 賮乇蹖丕丿 倬丕爻丿丕卮鬲 丌賳 爻乇 丿丕丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 丿乇 亘丕胤賳 賵 毓賲賱丕 鬲賱丕卮蹖 丿乇 禺賵乇貙 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌賳賴丕 氐賵乇鬲 賳賲蹖 诏蹖乇丿 賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賴诏匕乇貙 賳丕趩丕乇 賱诏丿賲丕賱 賲賳賮毓鬲 胤賱亘蹖 賴丕蹖 爻胤丨蹖 賵 爻賵丿噩賵蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕蹖蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 丿乇讴 乇賵卮賳蹖 丕夭 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丌賳 丕乇夭卮 賳丿丕乇賳丿 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 亘丕睾 蹖丕 丌賳 丕乇夭卮 亘賴 賲乇賵乇 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 亘蹖 賴賵蹖鬲蹖 賵亘蹖 丨賵氐賱诏蹖 鬲丿乇蹖噩蹖 賲丕賱讴丕賳卮 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 氐乇賮丕 亘丕 丌賴 賵 賳丕賱賴 卮丕賳 夭賲丕賳 賵夭賲蹖賳 乇丕 賴丿乇 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿
丕蹖賳 賲賮賴賵賲 貙 卮丕蹖丿 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩賲賱丕鬲 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮 讴賴 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳 丕賵 乇丕 丿爻鬲 丕賳丿丕禺鬲賴 賵 丿丕賳卮噩賵蹖 丕亘丿蹖 禺胤丕亘卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿貙 亘蹖卮鬲乇 噩賱賵賴 讴賳丿 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 :
爻乇丕爻乇 乇賵爻蹖賴 亘丕睾 賲丕爻鬲"
丌賳蹖丕 ! 賱丨馗賴 丕蹖 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖丿
亘賴 乇丕爻鬲蹖 丌蹖丕 丕夭 賴乇 丿乇禺鬲 丌賱亘丕賱賵貙 ...蹖讴 賲賵噩賵丿 夭賳丿賴 亘賴 卮賲丕 賳诏丕賴 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿責 丌蹖丕 氐丿丕蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 賳賲蹖 卮賳賵蹖丿責...亘賴 丨爻丕亘 讴爻丕賳蹖 丿丕乇蹖丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 讴賳蹖丿 讴賴 乇賵夭蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 噩賱賵鬲乇 丕夭 丿乇 禺丕賳賴貙 乇丕賴卮丕賳 賳賲蹖丿丕丿蹖丿...賲丕 丨丿丕賯賱 丿賵蹖爻鬲 爻丕賱 毓賯亘 賴爻鬲蹖賲 賴賳賵夭 賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賳丿丕乇蹖賲貙 賴蹖趩 乇丕亘胤賴 賲卮禺氐蹖 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賳丿丕乇蹖賲. 賲丕 賮賯胤 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖 讴賳蹖賲."
蹖丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳 毓氐乇 禺賵丿 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 :
"禺賵丿 乇丕 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇 賲蹖丿丕賳賳丿 丕賲丕 禺丿賲賴 乇丕 " 鬲賵 " 禺胤丕亘 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 亘丿 鬲丨氐蹖賱 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 趩蹖夭蹖 乇丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 噩丿蹖 賳賲蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿 丿乇亘丕乇賴 毓賱賵賲 賮賯胤 丨乇賮 賲蹖 夭賳賳丿 丕夭 賴賳乇 爻乇乇卮鬲賴 丕蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿 禺賵丿卮丕賳 乇丕 賲賴賲 賲蹖 倬賳丿丕乇賳丿 賵 趩賴乇賴 噩丿蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿卮丕賳 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿 貙 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖讴賳賳丿 ..."
賵 丕蹖賳 賴賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 丨乇讴丕鬲 賵 诏賮鬲丕乇 賲丕賱讴丕賳 亘丕睾 賲讴乇乇 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖賲 賵丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賴 趩禺賵賮 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 乇丕 丨賯蹖賯蹖 亘賴 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 亘乇丿 賴蹖趩 讴賵卮卮 亘蹖 賲賳胤賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘乇丕蹖 蹖讴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賵 禺賵卮丕蹖賳丿 亘賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲夭乇蹖賯 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賲毓賱賵賱蹖 丕夭 乇賮鬲丕乇 爻丕讴賳丕賳 賵 賲丕賱讴丕賳 亘丕睾 乇賯賲 賲蹖 禺賵乇丿.
賳賲蹖 丿丕賳賲 丕蹖賳 亘乇丿丕卮鬲賲 丕夭 丌賳 丕孬乇 趩賯丿乇 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲 賵賱蹖 丕夭 蹖讴 賲賵乇丿 丕胤賲蹖賳丕賳 丿丕乇賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩禺賵賮蹖 乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 賲丿鬲 毓賲乇 讴賵鬲丕賴 賵 趩賴賱 爻丕賱賴 禺賵蹖卮 丌孬丕乇蹖 禺賱賯 讴乇丿 讴賴 賲丕 亘毓丿 亘蹖卮 丕夭 氐丿爻丕賱 倬蹖賵爻鬲賴 亘丕 丕卮鬲蹖丕賯 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳蹖賲卮丕賳貙 賲孬賱 賴賲丕賳 毓賴丿 丿亘爻鬲丕賳貙 賴賲趩賳丕賳 賳賲蹖 卮賳丕爻賲 賵 賳禺賵丕賴賲 卮賳丕禺鬲.
丕賵 禺賵丿 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 : 賴賲賴 丕氐乇丕乇 丿丕乇賳丿 賲乇丕 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕蹖 睾賲诏蹖賳 賵 賲丨夭賵賳 亘倬賳丿丕乇賳丿 丨丕賱 丌賳 讴賴 賲賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇丕 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 賵丕賯毓蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖 讴賳賲. 丨丕囟乇賲 卮乇胤 亘亘賳丿賲 讴賴 賴蹖趩 诏丕賴 讴爻蹖 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲乇丕 亘丕 丿賯鬲 賳禺賵丕賳丿賴 丕爻鬲. (亘賴 賳賯賱 丕夭 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘)
"... 賴丿賮 賵 賲賮賴賵賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕夭 鬲賲丕賲 賲爻丕卅賱 倬蹖卮 倬丕 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 讴賴 賲丕賳毓 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 爻鬲 丿賵乇蹖 讴賳蹖賲. 倬爻 亘賴 倬蹖卮! 賲丕 亘丿賵賳 鬲賵賯賮 亘賴 爻賵蹖 爻鬲丕乇賴 乇賵卮賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丿賵乇 丿爻鬲 賲蹖 丿乇禺卮丿 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 乇賵蹖賲! ..." 鬲乇賵賮蹖賲賵賮 氐賮丨賴 42
February 7, 2017
Chekhov described as a comedy, but as a reader it's hard to view it in any way other than a tragedy. It's another work of literature that depicts the declining Russian aristocracy which would end 13 years later with the Russian Revolution, and made permanent in 1918 with the murder of the Royal Family.
The play opened in theater to great success in Jan. 1904, but Chekhov would die 6 months later at the age of 44, cutting short a life and career that would leave us with some of the best plays and short stories ever written.
The play opened in theater to great success in Jan. 1904, but Chekhov would die 6 months later at the age of 44, cutting short a life and career that would leave us with some of the best plays and short stories ever written.
September 25, 2017
Book Review
4 out of 5 stars to , a tragedy and comedy all rolled into one, published in 1904 by a great Russian, . I'd heard of this play during my high school years, but never actually read it. In college, I had a course in modern drama and theatre, where this was one of the 16 plays we read: 1 per week for the 4 month course. Our school also performed a theatrical version a later semester where I participated in some backstage work. We also did a video and literary analytical comparison. I know the play well. Commentary on society. Discussion of values. Choices. Understanding what you will give up for what you need to have. The themes in this one are so large, it's often hard to discuss them without getting animated.
Additionally, The Cherry Orchard was the piece that I did my technical and textual analysis on, so I had strong opinions and theories about the characters and the action. When I saw the video, I was a bit shocked at some things, but I also realized that many things were done in the way that I would have done them. The whole discussion/argument about the play being a comedy or a tragedy is one that comes to mind.
I thought while reading the piece that it was mostly a tragedy. The Ranevskys were losing their estate and cherry orchard. I had sympathy and pity for them. Then, I thought more about how it was played in the video, and what the narrator had to say. I also recalled the action in the play and realized that the action is external, and therefore, it depends on the way that characters are played by the actors. It was the acting, at least for me, which showed the tragic side of the play in the video. When Lopakhin is announcing at the end that he is now the owner of the estate and the orchard, the staging and directing was brilliant. The entire stage was silent, and the characters all stood around Lopakhin. The orchestra was playing a little bit also, and Lopakhin began his speech. He was somewhat hysterical, but also vindicated. Watching this scene is what convinced me that the play was more tragic than comic.
The actress who played Madame Ranevsky was a great actress. When she broke down about losing the estate with her brother Gayev, there were more tragic tones to the play. It was hard to decide exactly how I felt about the piece because there were the interruptions to let the narrator talk for awhile. Overall, I liked the version because it appeared very classic. By classic, I mean in the lines and the dark colors. I wish that I saw the actual orchard. I felt a little deprived because the orchard was the focus of the piece.
There were parts that were left out also that I wish I could have seen acted. In my opinion, the entire play should have been put on, and then afterwards, the narrator should have commented on it. They could have held flashbacks and then remind us of specific scenes that were played in a certain way, etc. The end was good when Firs was left alone. I like that part. He was on the couch and I wondered what was going to happen. When I read the play, I thought that he was going to die, but I was unsure about his character in the film. There was a lot of discussion about the sounds of the piercing harp string and the axe at the end when the orchard was being cut down. This discussion was very interesting because it helped me to understand the importance of the sounds before I gave my textual analysis.
About Me
For those new to me or my reviews... here's the scoop: I read A LOT. I write A LOT. And now I blog A LOT. First the book review goes on 欧宝娱乐, and then I send it on over to my WordPress blog at , where you'll also find TV & Film reviews, the revealing and introspective 365 Daily Challenge and lots of blogging about places I've visited all over the world. And you can find all my social media profiles to get the details on the who/what/when/where and my pictures. Leave a comment and let me know what you think. Vote in the poll and ratings. Thanks for stopping by.
4 out of 5 stars to , a tragedy and comedy all rolled into one, published in 1904 by a great Russian, . I'd heard of this play during my high school years, but never actually read it. In college, I had a course in modern drama and theatre, where this was one of the 16 plays we read: 1 per week for the 4 month course. Our school also performed a theatrical version a later semester where I participated in some backstage work. We also did a video and literary analytical comparison. I know the play well. Commentary on society. Discussion of values. Choices. Understanding what you will give up for what you need to have. The themes in this one are so large, it's often hard to discuss them without getting animated.
Additionally, The Cherry Orchard was the piece that I did my technical and textual analysis on, so I had strong opinions and theories about the characters and the action. When I saw the video, I was a bit shocked at some things, but I also realized that many things were done in the way that I would have done them. The whole discussion/argument about the play being a comedy or a tragedy is one that comes to mind.
I thought while reading the piece that it was mostly a tragedy. The Ranevskys were losing their estate and cherry orchard. I had sympathy and pity for them. Then, I thought more about how it was played in the video, and what the narrator had to say. I also recalled the action in the play and realized that the action is external, and therefore, it depends on the way that characters are played by the actors. It was the acting, at least for me, which showed the tragic side of the play in the video. When Lopakhin is announcing at the end that he is now the owner of the estate and the orchard, the staging and directing was brilliant. The entire stage was silent, and the characters all stood around Lopakhin. The orchestra was playing a little bit also, and Lopakhin began his speech. He was somewhat hysterical, but also vindicated. Watching this scene is what convinced me that the play was more tragic than comic.
The actress who played Madame Ranevsky was a great actress. When she broke down about losing the estate with her brother Gayev, there were more tragic tones to the play. It was hard to decide exactly how I felt about the piece because there were the interruptions to let the narrator talk for awhile. Overall, I liked the version because it appeared very classic. By classic, I mean in the lines and the dark colors. I wish that I saw the actual orchard. I felt a little deprived because the orchard was the focus of the piece.
There were parts that were left out also that I wish I could have seen acted. In my opinion, the entire play should have been put on, and then afterwards, the narrator should have commented on it. They could have held flashbacks and then remind us of specific scenes that were played in a certain way, etc. The end was good when Firs was left alone. I like that part. He was on the couch and I wondered what was going to happen. When I read the play, I thought that he was going to die, but I was unsure about his character in the film. There was a lot of discussion about the sounds of the piercing harp string and the axe at the end when the orchard was being cut down. This discussion was very interesting because it helped me to understand the importance of the sounds before I gave my textual analysis.
About Me
For those new to me or my reviews... here's the scoop: I read A LOT. I write A LOT. And now I blog A LOT. First the book review goes on 欧宝娱乐, and then I send it on over to my WordPress blog at , where you'll also find TV & Film reviews, the revealing and introspective 365 Daily Challenge and lots of blogging about places I've visited all over the world. And you can find all my social media profiles to get the details on the who/what/when/where and my pictures. Leave a comment and let me know what you think. Vote in the poll and ratings. Thanks for stopping by.
October 7, 2023
賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 賲卮 亘賯賵丞 丕毓賲丕賱賴 丕賱賯氐氐賷丞 賵 賱賰賳 賲毓 匕賱賰 賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 賮賷賴丕 丨丕噩丞 亘鬲禺賱賷 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賲卮 賯丕丿乇賷賳 賷丨胤賵丕 賲賳 賯丿乇賴丕 丕賱丕 賵 賴賷 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 丕賱賲賲賷夭丞 賵 丕賱賲禺鬲賱賮丞 丿丕卅賲賸丕 亘賷賳 賰賱 賯氐丞 賵 丕賱鬲丕賳賷丞 賵 賰賱 賲爻乇丨賷丞 賵 丕賱鬲丕賳賷丞.
賵 丿賴 禺賱丕賳賷 丕賳丕 卮禺氐賷賸丕 賲禺丿賵毓 賮賷 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲.
賱丕賳 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 賲賵囟賵毓鬲賴丕 賲卮 賲賲賷夭丞 噩丿賸丕 夭賷 賲賵丕囟賷毓 丕賱賯氐氐 丕賱賱賷 賰爻乇鬲 丕賱丿賳賷丕 賵 丕賱賱賷 賯賵鬲賴丕 鬲禺胤鬲 賲卅丕鬲 丕賱爻賳賷賳 賵 賵氐賱鬲賱賳丕 亘賳賮爻 丕賱賯賵丞.
賵 賱賰賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賮毓賱賸丕 賲賲賷夭丞 亘賯乇兀 賵 丕賳丕 賲鬲禺賷賱 賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 亘鬲毓賲賱 丕賷賴 夭賷 賲丕 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 賰丕賳 毓丕賷夭賴賲 賷馗賴乇賵丕.
賵 賲馗賳卮 丨鬲賷 丕賳 丕賱賲賲孬賱賷賳 賲孬賱賵丕 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 夭賷 賲丕 賰丕賳 毓丕賷夭 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 鬲馗賴乇.
賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 賱賷賴丕 乇賵丨 賲賲賷夭丞 賵 賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 賱賷賴丕 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賵 亘鬲毓賷卮 丨鬲賷 亘毓丿 賲丕 亘鬲禺賱氐 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 丕賵 丕賱賯氐丞 亘鬲毓賷卮 賲賳 睾賷乇 賲丕 丨丿 賷賰鬲亘 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賵 亘賳爻賷亘賴丕 亘爻賱丕賲
賲賳 睾賷乇 賲丕 賳賯鬲丨賲 禺氐賵氐賷鬲賴丕 賵 賳賯乇兀 毓賳賴丕 鬲丕賳賷
賵 丿賴 禺賱丕賳賷 丕賳丕 卮禺氐賷賸丕 賲禺丿賵毓 賮賷 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲.
賱丕賳 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 賲賵囟賵毓鬲賴丕 賲卮 賲賲賷夭丞 噩丿賸丕 夭賷 賲賵丕囟賷毓 丕賱賯氐氐 丕賱賱賷 賰爻乇鬲 丕賱丿賳賷丕 賵 丕賱賱賷 賯賵鬲賴丕 鬲禺胤鬲 賲卅丕鬲 丕賱爻賳賷賳 賵 賵氐賱鬲賱賳丕 亘賳賮爻 丕賱賯賵丞.
賵 賱賰賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賮毓賱賸丕 賲賲賷夭丞 亘賯乇兀 賵 丕賳丕 賲鬲禺賷賱 賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 亘鬲毓賲賱 丕賷賴 夭賷 賲丕 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 賰丕賳 毓丕賷夭賴賲 賷馗賴乇賵丕.
賵 賲馗賳卮 丨鬲賷 丕賳 丕賱賲賲孬賱賷賳 賲孬賱賵丕 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 夭賷 賲丕 賰丕賳 毓丕賷夭 鬲卮賷禺賵賮 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 鬲馗賴乇.
賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 賱賷賴丕 乇賵丨 賲賲賷夭丞 賵 賰賱 卮禺氐賷丞 賱賷賴丕 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賵 亘鬲毓賷卮 丨鬲賷 亘毓丿 賲丕 亘鬲禺賱氐 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 丕賵 丕賱賯氐丞 亘鬲毓賷卮 賲賳 睾賷乇 賲丕 丨丿 賷賰鬲亘 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 賵 亘賳爻賷亘賴丕 亘爻賱丕賲
賲賳 睾賷乇 賲丕 賳賯鬲丨賲 禺氐賵氐賷鬲賴丕 賵 賳賯乇兀 毓賳賴丕 鬲丕賳賷
April 6, 2024
[5.0猸怾 饾檧饾櫋 饾檯饾櫀饾櫑饾櫃饾櫈虂饾櫍 饾櫃饾櫄 饾櫋饾櫎饾櫒 饾樉饾櫄饾櫑饾櫄饾櫙饾櫎饾櫒 es una obra teatral escrita por el dramaturgo ruso Anton Ch茅jov, escrita en 1903 y publicada en 1904. Esta obra, tambi茅n conocida como "El Huerto de los Cerezos", es una exploraci贸n de la decadencia de la aristocracia rusa y el cambio social que experimentaba el pa铆s en aquella 茅poca. La trama gira en torno a una familia arist贸crata, propietaria de un hermoso jard铆n de cerezos que se encuentra al borde de la ruina financiera. La propiedad, adem谩s de ser un s铆mbolo de estatus, representa los sue帽os y recuerdos de la familia, pero su futuro est谩 en peligro debido a la incapacidad de adaptarse a los cambios econ贸micos y sociales que enfrenta Rusia.
La trama es realmente fuerte y hasta algo muy com煤n, tanto en aquellos a帽os como en la actualidad. Temas como el dinero y la bancarrota son realidades que varios han vivido a lo largo de la historia. En este caso, el conflicto principal surge cuando la familia debe decidir si vender el jard铆n para pagar sus deudas o conservarlo como un legado sentimental. Esta decisi贸n simboliza el enfrentamiento entre el pasado y el presente, entre la tradici贸n y el cambio inevitable. Ch茅jov crea personajes realmente complejos y multifac茅ticos que luchan con sus propias esperanzas, sue帽os, ilusiones, miedos y decepciones. Destacan la figura de Liubov, la matriarca que regresa a la finca tras un largo exilio tras la muerte de su hijo, y Lopajin, un empresario ambicioso que propone la soluci贸n m谩s pr谩ctica para salvar la propiedad.
Adem谩s, se puede ver claramente c贸mo dos generaciones tienen conflictos de inter茅s completamente opuestos y diferentes. Las antiguas generaciones, en especial Fitz, no pueden desprenderse de este lugar que le ha tra铆do tantos recuerdos y sue帽os. En cambio, las nuevas generaciones no entienden el porqu茅 estos adultos no pueden desligarse y separarse de este terreno, ellos consideran que necesitan un nuevo cambio y una nueva vida.
Tambi茅n, cabe destacar el ingenio de Chejov al elegir un 谩rbol como el de los cerezos que simboliza muchas cosas en la cultura oriental, en especial la vida y la muerte. Por ello, el jard铆n demuestra toda una vida y toda la historia de una familia mientras que, cuando talan los 谩rboles, se esfuma por completo toda una tradici贸n y se hace presente la muerte de uno de los personajes de esta obra.
Finalmente, se puede decir que a trav茅s de di谩logos llenos de matices y simbolismo, Ch茅jov aborda temas universales como el paso del tiempo, la p茅rdida, la nostalgia y la inevitabilidad del cambio. Su habilidad para capturar la complejidad de la condici贸n humana y la sociedad rusa de su 茅poca le otorga a esta obra un lugar destacado en la literatura mundial.
En s铆, 饾檧饾櫋 饾檯饾櫀饾櫑饾櫃饾櫈虂饾櫍 饾櫃饾櫄 饾櫋饾櫎饾櫒 饾樉饾櫄饾櫑饾櫄饾櫙饾櫎饾櫒 es una obra teatral magistral que invita a reflexionar sobre el valor del pasado, la inevitabilidad del cambio y la fragilidad de los sue帽os humanos. La riqueza de sus personajes y su profundidad tem谩tica la convierten en una obra atemporal que sigue resonando con el p煤blico hasta el d铆a de hoy.
La trama es realmente fuerte y hasta algo muy com煤n, tanto en aquellos a帽os como en la actualidad. Temas como el dinero y la bancarrota son realidades que varios han vivido a lo largo de la historia. En este caso, el conflicto principal surge cuando la familia debe decidir si vender el jard铆n para pagar sus deudas o conservarlo como un legado sentimental. Esta decisi贸n simboliza el enfrentamiento entre el pasado y el presente, entre la tradici贸n y el cambio inevitable. Ch茅jov crea personajes realmente complejos y multifac茅ticos que luchan con sus propias esperanzas, sue帽os, ilusiones, miedos y decepciones. Destacan la figura de Liubov, la matriarca que regresa a la finca tras un largo exilio tras la muerte de su hijo, y Lopajin, un empresario ambicioso que propone la soluci贸n m谩s pr谩ctica para salvar la propiedad.
Adem谩s, se puede ver claramente c贸mo dos generaciones tienen conflictos de inter茅s completamente opuestos y diferentes. Las antiguas generaciones, en especial Fitz, no pueden desprenderse de este lugar que le ha tra铆do tantos recuerdos y sue帽os. En cambio, las nuevas generaciones no entienden el porqu茅 estos adultos no pueden desligarse y separarse de este terreno, ellos consideran que necesitan un nuevo cambio y una nueva vida.
Tambi茅n, cabe destacar el ingenio de Chejov al elegir un 谩rbol como el de los cerezos que simboliza muchas cosas en la cultura oriental, en especial la vida y la muerte. Por ello, el jard铆n demuestra toda una vida y toda la historia de una familia mientras que, cuando talan los 谩rboles, se esfuma por completo toda una tradici贸n y se hace presente la muerte de uno de los personajes de esta obra.
Finalmente, se puede decir que a trav茅s de di谩logos llenos de matices y simbolismo, Ch茅jov aborda temas universales como el paso del tiempo, la p茅rdida, la nostalgia y la inevitabilidad del cambio. Su habilidad para capturar la complejidad de la condici贸n humana y la sociedad rusa de su 茅poca le otorga a esta obra un lugar destacado en la literatura mundial.
En s铆, 饾檧饾櫋 饾檯饾櫀饾櫑饾櫃饾櫈虂饾櫍 饾櫃饾櫄 饾櫋饾櫎饾櫒 饾樉饾櫄饾櫑饾櫄饾櫙饾櫎饾櫒 es una obra teatral magistral que invita a reflexionar sobre el valor del pasado, la inevitabilidad del cambio y la fragilidad de los sue帽os humanos. La riqueza de sus personajes y su profundidad tem谩tica la convierten en una obra atemporal que sigue resonando con el p煤blico hasta el d铆a de hoy.
April 12, 2023
La historia va de una familia arist贸crata que no quiere perder su casa y el jard铆n de cerezos, sin embargo, es un evento ineludible ya que el mal manejo del dinero y las deudas los han llevado hasta ese punto.
Lo primero que quiero resaltar es el humor, ser铆a una historia un poco olvidable de no ser por ese constante tono ir贸nico, absurdo y humor铆stico en varias escenas que se siente natural y acorde a la comedia.
Ahora, el tema en cuesti贸n es mostrar la ca铆da, la inutilidad e insostenibilidad de la aristocracia ante un presente que est谩 obviamente lleno de progresos y cambios sociales, entre esos la instauraci贸n de la burgues铆a, el capitalismo y los derechos del campesinado como sistema social y econ贸mico.
Por lo que se sirve de mostrar escenas que ilustran esa nostalgia del pasado por parte de ellos que representa su hogar, mientras muestra el materialismo y superficilidad al que est谩n sometidos que en contraposici贸n a ellos, el comerciante Lopajin de pasado noble se advierte como un individuo m谩s 煤til, inteligente y que sirve a la realidad que enfrenta, mientras la familia se ve in煤til, poco productivos y llenos de vicios tontos.
Lo primero que quiero resaltar es el humor, ser铆a una historia un poco olvidable de no ser por ese constante tono ir贸nico, absurdo y humor铆stico en varias escenas que se siente natural y acorde a la comedia.
Ahora, el tema en cuesti贸n es mostrar la ca铆da, la inutilidad e insostenibilidad de la aristocracia ante un presente que est谩 obviamente lleno de progresos y cambios sociales, entre esos la instauraci贸n de la burgues铆a, el capitalismo y los derechos del campesinado como sistema social y econ贸mico.
Por lo que se sirve de mostrar escenas que ilustran esa nostalgia del pasado por parte de ellos que representa su hogar, mientras muestra el materialismo y superficilidad al que est谩n sometidos que en contraposici贸n a ellos, el comerciante Lopajin de pasado noble se advierte como un individuo m谩s 煤til, inteligente y que sirve a la realidad que enfrenta, mientras la familia se ve in煤til, poco productivos y llenos de vicios tontos.
June 21, 2017
Checkov's Cherry Orchard delves into themes and ideas of cultural futility amidst political and cultural change.
First produced in 1904, Checkov is documenting the in-between time, between the dying aristocracy of the past and the post-industrial age of the future, and though he is not quite an apologist for the old times, he is inclined to lament the way things are going. Yet the change is inevitable as beautifully symbolized by the portrait crashing own on the man.
A brilliant study of the contrast between old and new Russia.
First produced in 1904, Checkov is documenting the in-between time, between the dying aristocracy of the past and the post-industrial age of the future, and though he is not quite an apologist for the old times, he is inclined to lament the way things are going. Yet the change is inevitable as beautifully symbolized by the portrait crashing own on the man.
A brilliant study of the contrast between old and new Russia.
September 11, 2023
賯亘賱丕 丕蹖賳 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 賵 丕噩乇丕卮 乇賵 賴賲 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳鬲乇賳鬲 丿蹖丿賴 亘賵丿賲.鈥�
丕賲丕 丕賲卮亘 丿賵亘丕乇賴 禺賵鬲丿賲卮貙 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 丿賵亘丕乇賴 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 亘乇丕賲 讴賲 倬蹖卮 賲蹖丕丿貙 趩賵賳 讴丕丿賵蹖 鬲賵賱丿賲 亘賵丿.
丕賲丕 丕賲卮亘 丿賵亘丕乇賴 禺賵鬲丿賲卮貙 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 丿賵亘丕乇賴 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 亘乇丕賲 讴賲 倬蹖卮 賲蹖丕丿貙 趩賵賳 讴丕丿賵蹖 鬲賵賱丿賲 亘賵丿.
January 27, 2018
This play was an enjoyable read for me. It is about a once aristocratic family, now impoverished and forced to sell everything, including their beautiful cherry orchard, that seemed to be the main thing they cared about, the reason of their pride. Even though they were about to lose everything they owned, they were in some sort of denial because they didn't (or couldn't) do anything to solve that situation. And while this family was in decline, a new kind of rich people arose: the once serfs were making their own money and gaining their place in society. 鈥淣ew money鈥�, like Rose DeWitt's stuck-up mother would say. Rich people in decline trying to save their social position can be really unpleasant. They are willing to do anything to maintain their status. However, this family just stayed there, doing nothing... Some friends gave them possible solutions for their problem, and they did nothing.
The characters are likable, each one in their own way. The main one is Lyubov, a widowed landowner that also lost a son. She's a mixture of different kind of emotions and apparently unwilling to let go the past (something I can relate to, very much). Her brother, Leonid, adds a comedy element that I always enjoy. This play can be funny, witty and also heartbreaking. It has several things to consider that makes it an interesting book to read.
Nov 25, 13
* Also on .
The characters are likable, each one in their own way. The main one is Lyubov, a widowed landowner that also lost a son. She's a mixture of different kind of emotions and apparently unwilling to let go the past (something I can relate to, very much). Her brother, Leonid, adds a comedy element that I always enjoy. This play can be funny, witty and also heartbreaking. It has several things to consider that makes it an interesting book to read.
Nov 25, 13
* Also on .
January 13, 2024
- 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 鬲馗賴乇 丕賳賴賷丕乇 丕賱胤亘賯丞 丕賱兀乇爻鬲賯乇丕胤賷丞 賮賷 乇賵爻賷丕 賵亘乇賵夭 胤亘賯丞 噩丿賷丿丞 鬲亘丿兀 亘鬲賲賱賰 丕賱兀乇丕囟賷 (丕賱賮賱丕丨賷賳)貙 賰賲丕 鬲馗賴乇 丨丕賱丞 丕賱廿賳賰丕乇 丕賱鬲賷 賷毓賷卮賴丕 丕賱廿賯胤丕毓賷賷賳 (亘卮禺氐 賱賵亘賵賮 丕賳丿乇賷賮賳丕).
- 丕賱丨亘 丨丕囟乇 賲毓 賮丕乇賷丕 賵 丌賳賷丕貙 賱賰賳賴 丨亘 亘丕賴鬲 賲賳 丿賵賳 賲賯丿賲丕鬲 丕賵 賳鬲丕卅噩!
- 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 賲鬲賵爻胤丞 丕賱賲爻鬲賵賶!
- 丕賱丨亘 丨丕囟乇 賲毓 賮丕乇賷丕 賵 丌賳賷丕貙 賱賰賳賴 丨亘 亘丕賴鬲 賲賳 丿賵賳 賲賯丿賲丕鬲 丕賵 賳鬲丕卅噩!
- 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丞 賲鬲賵爻胤丞 丕賱賲爻鬲賵賶!
September 3, 2023
賲賳 丌丿賲 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇蹖 賴爻鬲賲貙 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й� 噩丕賱亘蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁呚� 亘丕 丕蹖賳鈥� 賴賲賴 賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁� 賲爻蹖乇 丕賮讴丕乇賲 乇丕 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賳賲 賵 亘賮賴賲賲 讴蹖 賴爻鬲賲貨 亘賴鈥� 丿乇爻鬲蹖 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐�: 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴賳賲貙 蹖丕 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲 诏賱賵賱賴鈥屫й� 鬲賵蹖 賲睾夭賲 卮賱蹖讴 讴賳賲責 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 鄞鄯 讴鬲丕亘
讴爻蹖 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀� 鬲丕夭賴貙 賲乇丿賳 趩賴 賲賮賴賵賲蹖 丿丕乇丿責 丌丿賲 卮丕蹖丿 氐丿賴丕 丨爻 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿貙 賲丕 賮賯胤 亘丕 倬賳噩 鬲丕 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 丌卮賳丕蹖蹖賲 讴賴 亘丕 賲乇丿賳 卮禺氐貙 丕夭 亘蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屫辟堎嗀� 丕賲丕 賳賵丿 賵 倬賳噩 鬲丕蹖 亘賯蹖賴 亘丕賯蹖 賲蹖鈥屬呚з嗁嗀�. 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 鄣酃 讴鬲丕亘
亘卮乇蹖鬲 倬蹖卮 賲蹖鈥屫辟堌� 賵 賳蹖乇賵賴丕蹖卮 乇丕 亘賴 爻乇丨丿 讴賲丕賱 賲蹖鈥屫必池з嗀�. 賴乇 趩賴 丕賲乇賵夭 亘賴 賳馗乇卮 賳丕賲賲讴賳 賲蹖鈥屫③屫� 乇賵夭蹖 亘乇丕蹖卮 爻丕丿賴 賵 乇賵卮賳 禺賵丕賴丿 亘賵丿貙 賮賯胤 亘丕蹖丿 讴丕乇 讴乇丿貙 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 鬲賲丕賲 賯賵丕 亘賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丨賯蹖賯鬲 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫堐屬嗀� 讴賲讴 讴乇丿. 丕賲乇賵夭賴 丿乇 乇賵爻蹖賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 讴丕乇 賵 賮毓丕賱蹖鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丕讴孬乇蹖鬲 賯乇蹖亘鈥� 亘賴鈥� 丕鬲賮丕賯 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳蹖 讴賴 賲賳 賲蹖鈥屫促嗀ж迟呚� 丿賳亘丕賱 趩蹖夭蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿貙 丕賲丕 亘賴 禺丿賲鬲讴丕乇賴丕卮丕賳 鬲賵 賲蹖鈥屭堐屬嗀� 亘丕 乇毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 賲孬賱 丨蹖賵丕賳鈥屬囏� 乇賮鬲丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 趩蹖夭蹖 蹖丕丿 賳賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й� 噩丿蹖 賵 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 賴賲賴鈥� 趩蹖夭 乇丕 賲爻禺乇賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 丿爻鬲鈥� 讴賲 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 賮賯胤 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丕讴鬲賮丕 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 讴賴 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 丿丕賳卮 丨乇賮 亘夭賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丕夭 賴賳乇 趩蹖 爻乇 丿乇賲蹖鈥屫①堌辟嗀� 鈥� 亘丕 丕蹖賳鈥� 賴賲賴貙 賮賯胤 亘賱丿賳丿 禺賵丿卮丕賳 乇丕 亘诏蹖乇賳丿貙 賯蹖丕賮賴鈥屫й� 噩丿蹖 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿貙 倬乇爻卮鈥屬囏й� 賲賴賲 賲胤乇丨 讴賳賳丿貙 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賵 诏賳丿賴鈥屭堐屰� 讴賳賳丿貙 丨丕賱 丌賳讴賴 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 趩卮賲丕賳卮丕賳貙 讴丕乇诏乇賴丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴蹖 丿趩丕乇 讴賲亘賵丿 賵 爻賵亍 鬲睾匕蹖賴 丕賳丿貙 亘丿賵賳 賲鬲讴丕 爻乇卮丕賳 乇丕 乇賵蹖 夭賲蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屭柏ж辟嗀� 賵 賲蹖鈥屫堌жㄙ嗀� 爻蹖 蹖丕 趩賴賱 賳賮乇卮丕賳 丿乇 蹖讴 丕鬲丕賯 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丕鬲丕賯 賴賲 倬乇 丕夭 爻丕爻貙 乇胤賵亘鬲 賵 亘賵蹖 诏賳丿 丕爻鬲 賵 亘丕 趩賴 賳丕倬丕讴蹖鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯蹖. 氐賮丨丕鬲 鄣酃-鄱郯 讴鬲丕亘
诏丕賴蹖 賵賯鬲鈥屬囏� 讴賴 禺賵丕亘賲 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ必� 亘賴 禺賵丿賲 賲蹖鈥屭堐屬�: 倬乇賵乇丿诏丕乇丕 鬲賵 亘賴 賲丕 噩賳诏賱鈥屬囏й� 倬賴賳丕賵乇貙 讴卮鬲夭丕乇賴丕蹖 亘蹖鈥� 丕賳鬲賴丕貙 賵 丿賵乇丿爻鬲鈥� 鬲乇蹖賳 丕賮賯鈥屬囏й� 丿賳蹖丕 乇丕 毓胤丕 讴乇丿賴鈥屫й� 賵 賲丕 讴賴 賲蹖丕賳 丕蹖賳鈥� 賴賲賴 毓馗賲鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 亘丕蹖丿 睾賵賱鈥屬囏й屰� 亘丕卮蹖賲. 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 鄱郯 讴鬲丕亘
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讴爻蹖 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀� 鬲丕夭賴貙 賲乇丿賳 趩賴 賲賮賴賵賲蹖 丿丕乇丿責 丌丿賲 卮丕蹖丿 氐丿賴丕 丨爻 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿貙 賲丕 賮賯胤 亘丕 倬賳噩 鬲丕 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 丌卮賳丕蹖蹖賲 讴賴 亘丕 賲乇丿賳 卮禺氐貙 丕夭 亘蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屫辟堎嗀� 丕賲丕 賳賵丿 賵 倬賳噩 鬲丕蹖 亘賯蹖賴 亘丕賯蹖 賲蹖鈥屬呚з嗁嗀�. 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 鄣酃 讴鬲丕亘
亘卮乇蹖鬲 倬蹖卮 賲蹖鈥屫辟堌� 賵 賳蹖乇賵賴丕蹖卮 乇丕 亘賴 爻乇丨丿 讴賲丕賱 賲蹖鈥屫必池з嗀�. 賴乇 趩賴 丕賲乇賵夭 亘賴 賳馗乇卮 賳丕賲賲讴賳 賲蹖鈥屫③屫� 乇賵夭蹖 亘乇丕蹖卮 爻丕丿賴 賵 乇賵卮賳 禺賵丕賴丿 亘賵丿貙 賮賯胤 亘丕蹖丿 讴丕乇 讴乇丿貙 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 鬲賲丕賲 賯賵丕 亘賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丨賯蹖賯鬲 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫堐屬嗀� 讴賲讴 讴乇丿. 丕賲乇賵夭賴 丿乇 乇賵爻蹖賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 讴丕乇 賵 賮毓丕賱蹖鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丕讴孬乇蹖鬲 賯乇蹖亘鈥� 亘賴鈥� 丕鬲賮丕賯 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳蹖 讴賴 賲賳 賲蹖鈥屫促嗀ж迟呚� 丿賳亘丕賱 趩蹖夭蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿貙 丕賲丕 亘賴 禺丿賲鬲讴丕乇賴丕卮丕賳 鬲賵 賲蹖鈥屭堐屬嗀� 亘丕 乇毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 賲孬賱 丨蹖賵丕賳鈥屬囏� 乇賮鬲丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 趩蹖夭蹖 蹖丕丿 賳賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й� 噩丿蹖 賵 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 賴賲賴鈥� 趩蹖夭 乇丕 賲爻禺乇賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 丿爻鬲鈥� 讴賲 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 賮賯胤 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丕讴鬲賮丕 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 讴賴 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 丿丕賳卮 丨乇賮 亘夭賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丕夭 賴賳乇 趩蹖 爻乇 丿乇賲蹖鈥屫①堌辟嗀� 鈥� 亘丕 丕蹖賳鈥� 賴賲賴貙 賮賯胤 亘賱丿賳丿 禺賵丿卮丕賳 乇丕 亘诏蹖乇賳丿貙 賯蹖丕賮賴鈥屫й� 噩丿蹖 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿貙 倬乇爻卮鈥屬囏й� 賲賴賲 賲胤乇丨 讴賳賳丿貙 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕賮蹖 賵 诏賳丿賴鈥屭堐屰� 讴賳賳丿貙 丨丕賱 丌賳讴賴 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 趩卮賲丕賳卮丕賳貙 讴丕乇诏乇賴丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴蹖 丿趩丕乇 讴賲亘賵丿 賵 爻賵亍 鬲睾匕蹖賴 丕賳丿貙 亘丿賵賳 賲鬲讴丕 爻乇卮丕賳 乇丕 乇賵蹖 夭賲蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屭柏ж辟嗀� 賵 賲蹖鈥屫堌жㄙ嗀� 爻蹖 蹖丕 趩賴賱 賳賮乇卮丕賳 丿乇 蹖讴 丕鬲丕賯 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丕鬲丕賯 賴賲 倬乇 丕夭 爻丕爻貙 乇胤賵亘鬲 賵 亘賵蹖 诏賳丿 丕爻鬲 賵 亘丕 趩賴 賳丕倬丕讴蹖鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯蹖. 氐賮丨丕鬲 鄣酃-鄱郯 讴鬲丕亘
诏丕賴蹖 賵賯鬲鈥屬囏� 讴賴 禺賵丕亘賲 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ必� 亘賴 禺賵丿賲 賲蹖鈥屭堐屬�: 倬乇賵乇丿诏丕乇丕 鬲賵 亘賴 賲丕 噩賳诏賱鈥屬囏й� 倬賴賳丕賵乇貙 讴卮鬲夭丕乇賴丕蹖 亘蹖鈥� 丕賳鬲賴丕貙 賵 丿賵乇丿爻鬲鈥� 鬲乇蹖賳 丕賮賯鈥屬囏й� 丿賳蹖丕 乇丕 毓胤丕 讴乇丿賴鈥屫й� 賵 賲丕 讴賴 賲蹖丕賳 丕蹖賳鈥� 賴賲賴 毓馗賲鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 亘丕蹖丿 睾賵賱鈥屬囏й屰� 亘丕卮蹖賲. 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 鄱郯 讴鬲丕亘
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September 18, 2015
亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 丌禺乇蹖賳 丕孬乇 趩禺賵賮貙 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 蹖 倬乇卮禺氐蹖鬲蹖賴. 爻毓蹖 卮丿賴 鬲丕 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕蹖 丕孬乇 胤蹖賮 賵爻蹖毓蹖 丕夭 胤亘賯丕鬲 賲禺鬲賱賮 噩丕賲毓賴 蹖 丕賵賳 夭賲丕賳 乇賵爻蹖賴 乇賵 亘賴 鬲氐賵蹖乇 亘讴卮賴
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳噩丕 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖卮賴 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 賲毓乇賵賮 賲賳胤賯賴 賲鬲毓賱賯 亘賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴丕蹖 丕卮乇丕賮蹖 讴賴 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 丿爻鬲 亘賴 丿爻鬲 趩乇禺蹖丿賴 賵 丕夭 賳爻賱蹖 亘賴 賳爻賱 亘毓丿 賲賳鬲賯賱 卮丿賴 诏乇賵 亘丕賳讴賴 賵 亘丕 亘丕賱丕 乇賮鬲賳 亘丿賴蹖 賴丕貙 亘賴 賲夭丕蹖丿賴 诏匕丕卮鬲賴 卮丿賴
亘丕 賵噩賵丿 賳夭丿蹖讴 亘賵丿賳 賲氐蹖亘鬲 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 丕蹖賳 丌禺乇蹖賳 亘丕 賯蹖賲丕賳丿賴 丿賵乇賴 丕卮乇丕賮蹖鬲卮賵賳 -亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 夭蹖亘丕 賵 丕賮爻丕賳賴 丕蹖 - 賵賱蹖 賵丕讴賳卮 氐丕丨亘丕賳 丕蹖賳 亘丕睾 丿蹖丿賳蹖賴. 丕賳诏丕乇 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲趩蹖賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳賴 丕蹖 貙 賵賯賵毓 趩賳蹖賳 毓丕賯亘鬲蹖 乇賵 亘丕賵乇 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 丿爻鬲 乇賵蹖 丿爻鬲 诏匕丕卮鬲賳丿 貙 丕乇丕丿賴 蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 卮賵賳 賮賱噩 卮丿賴 賵 鬲爻賱蹖賲 鬲賯丿蹖乇 賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲賳丿. 賳賴 賲蹖 噩賳诏賳丿 賳賴 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賳賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 乇丕賴 丨賱 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 賳賴 丕夭 禺賵丿卮賵賳 丿賮丕毓 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丿賵乇 賴賲 噩賲毓 賲蹖卮賳 賵 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘丕 亘蹖 賮讴乇蹖 倬賵賱 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 乇賵 禺乇噩 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿...禺蹖丕賱 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 爻毓蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 讴賳賳丿 賵 蹖丕 睾氐賴 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 诏匕卮鬲賴 乇賵 賲蹖 禺賵乇賳丿 賵 蹖丕 丕賵賳 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 倬乇卮讴賵賴 乇賵 倬乇爻鬲卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿
賯賴乇賲丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 "賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳" 亘賵丿. 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 賮乇夭賳丿 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 讴丕乇诏乇丕賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 亘賵丿賴 丨丕賱丕 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 蹖 鬲賱丕卮 賵 讴丕乇 夭蹖丕丿 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴 賵賱蹖 賱丨馗賴 丕蹖 诏匕卮鬲賴 蹖 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 賮乇丕賲賵卮 賳賲蹖 讴賳賴. 賲蹖 丿賵賳賴 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 賮乇賴賳诏蹖 賮賯蹖乇賴 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 禺蹖賱蹖 賵賮丕丿丕乇蹖賴 賵 丕夭 丿賵夭 賵 讴賱讴 賴賲 亘賴 丿賵乇賴. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 讴賴 鬲賵丕賳丕蹖蹖 禺乇蹖丿 亘丕睾 乇賵 丿丕乇賴 賵賱蹖 賴賲賴 蹖 鬲賱丕卮卮 乇賵 賲蹖 讴賳賴 鬲丕 亘丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿丕鬲卮貙 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 賯丿蹖賲蹖 丿乇 禺賵丕亘 睾賮賱鬲 賮乇賵 乇賮鬲賴 卮 乇賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賲氐蹖亘鬲 賳噩丕鬲 亘丿賴
亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 賳诏丕乇賳丿賴 賯胤毓賴 蹖 禺丕氐蹖 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 乇賵爻蹖賴 爻鬲.丿丕爻鬲丕賳 夭賵丕賱 丕卮乇丕賮蹖鬲 禺賵 讴乇丿賴 亘賴 乇賮丕賴貙 亘丿賵賳 賮讴乇 賵 亘丿賵賳 鬲賱丕卮 丕爻鬲 賵 亘賴 賯丿乇鬲 乇爻蹖丿賳 胤亘賯賴 丕蹖 讴賴 蹖丕丿 诏乇賮鬲賴 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘丕蹖丿 鬲賱丕卮诏乇 亘賵丿
丌禺乇蹖賳 倬乇丿賴 貙 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 毓讴爻 丕賱毓賲賱 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 賵 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 噩丕賱亘 丕賵賲丿.賵賯鬲蹖 噩乇丕鬲 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 卮乇丕蹖胤 乇賵 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 賳丕禺賵丿丌诏丕賴 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕 賵 禺乇丕賮丕鬲蹖 賲蹖卮蹖賲 -賴乇趩賴 倬蹖卮 丌蹖丿 禺賵卮 丌蹖丿- 毓讴爻 丕賱毓賲賱蹖 讴賴 丕夭 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖賲 鬲丕 丕賵賳 丨丿 讴賴 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 丕夭 丨丿 丕賳鬲馗丕乇賲賵賳 亘丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 亘丕睾 賵 鬲禺賱蹖賴 蹖 丕賵賳 讴賳丕乇 賲蹖丕賳 賵 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱 卮丕丿蹖 賵 匕賵賯 亘蹖 丨丿 賵 丕賳丿丕夭賴 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 丕夭 禺乇蹖丿 亘丕睾 乇賵 丿乇 賳馗乇 亘蹖丕乇蹖賳...讴爻蹖 讴賴 賵賯鬲蹖 賴賲賴 禺賵丕亘 亘賵丿賳丿 鬲賱丕卮 讴乇丿賴 賵 丨丕賱丕 氐丕丨亘 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 丕賮爻丕賳賴 丕蹖 卮丿賴 賵 丨鬲蹖 禺賵丿卮 賴賲 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 乇賵 亘丕賵乇 賳賲蹖 讴賳賴
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳噩丕 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖卮賴 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 賲毓乇賵賮 賲賳胤賯賴 賲鬲毓賱賯 亘賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賴丕蹖 丕卮乇丕賮蹖 讴賴 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 丿爻鬲 亘賴 丿爻鬲 趩乇禺蹖丿賴 賵 丕夭 賳爻賱蹖 亘賴 賳爻賱 亘毓丿 賲賳鬲賯賱 卮丿賴 诏乇賵 亘丕賳讴賴 賵 亘丕 亘丕賱丕 乇賮鬲賳 亘丿賴蹖 賴丕貙 亘賴 賲夭丕蹖丿賴 诏匕丕卮鬲賴 卮丿賴
亘丕 賵噩賵丿 賳夭丿蹖讴 亘賵丿賳 賲氐蹖亘鬲 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 丕蹖賳 丌禺乇蹖賳 亘丕 賯蹖賲丕賳丿賴 丿賵乇賴 丕卮乇丕賮蹖鬲卮賵賳 -亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 夭蹖亘丕 賵 丕賮爻丕賳賴 丕蹖 - 賵賱蹖 賵丕讴賳卮 氐丕丨亘丕賳 丕蹖賳 亘丕睾 丿蹖丿賳蹖賴. 丕賳诏丕乇 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲趩蹖賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳賴 丕蹖 貙 賵賯賵毓 趩賳蹖賳 毓丕賯亘鬲蹖 乇賵 亘丕賵乇 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 丿爻鬲 乇賵蹖 丿爻鬲 诏匕丕卮鬲賳丿 貙 丕乇丕丿賴 蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 卮賵賳 賮賱噩 卮丿賴 賵 鬲爻賱蹖賲 鬲賯丿蹖乇 賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲賳丿. 賳賴 賲蹖 噩賳诏賳丿 賳賴 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賳賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 乇丕賴 丨賱 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 賳賴 丕夭 禺賵丿卮賵賳 丿賮丕毓 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丿賵乇 賴賲 噩賲毓 賲蹖卮賳 賵 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘丕 亘蹖 賮讴乇蹖 倬賵賱 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 乇賵 禺乇噩 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿...禺蹖丕賱 亘丕賮蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 爻毓蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 讴賳賳丿 賵 蹖丕 睾氐賴 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 诏匕卮鬲賴 乇賵 賲蹖 禺賵乇賳丿 賵 蹖丕 丕賵賳 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 倬乇卮讴賵賴 乇賵 倬乇爻鬲卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿
賯賴乇賲丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 "賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳" 亘賵丿. 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 賮乇夭賳丿 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 讴丕乇诏乇丕賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 亘賵丿賴 丨丕賱丕 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 蹖 鬲賱丕卮 賵 讴丕乇 夭蹖丕丿 亘賴 孬乇賵鬲 乇爻蹖丿賴 賵賱蹖 賱丨馗賴 丕蹖 诏匕卮鬲賴 蹖 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 賮乇丕賲賵卮 賳賲蹖 讴賳賴. 賲蹖 丿賵賳賴 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 賮乇賴賳诏蹖 賮賯蹖乇賴 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 禺蹖賱蹖 賵賮丕丿丕乇蹖賴 賵 丕夭 丿賵夭 賵 讴賱讴 賴賲 亘賴 丿賵乇賴. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 讴賴 鬲賵丕賳丕蹖蹖 禺乇蹖丿 亘丕睾 乇賵 丿丕乇賴 賵賱蹖 賴賲賴 蹖 鬲賱丕卮卮 乇賵 賲蹖 讴賳賴 鬲丕 亘丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿丕鬲卮貙 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 賯丿蹖賲蹖 丿乇 禺賵丕亘 睾賮賱鬲 賮乇賵 乇賮鬲賴 卮 乇賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賲氐蹖亘鬲 賳噩丕鬲 亘丿賴
亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 賳诏丕乇賳丿賴 賯胤毓賴 蹖 禺丕氐蹖 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 乇賵爻蹖賴 爻鬲.丿丕爻鬲丕賳 夭賵丕賱 丕卮乇丕賮蹖鬲 禺賵 讴乇丿賴 亘賴 乇賮丕賴貙 亘丿賵賳 賮讴乇 賵 亘丿賵賳 鬲賱丕卮 丕爻鬲 賵 亘賴 賯丿乇鬲 乇爻蹖丿賳 胤亘賯賴 丕蹖 讴賴 蹖丕丿 诏乇賮鬲賴 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘丕蹖丿 鬲賱丕卮诏乇 亘賵丿
丌禺乇蹖賳 倬乇丿賴 貙 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 毓讴爻 丕賱毓賲賱 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 賵 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 噩丕賱亘 丕賵賲丿.賵賯鬲蹖 噩乇丕鬲 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 卮乇丕蹖胤 乇賵 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 賳丕禺賵丿丌诏丕賴 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕 賵 禺乇丕賮丕鬲蹖 賲蹖卮蹖賲 -賴乇趩賴 倬蹖卮 丌蹖丿 禺賵卮 丌蹖丿- 毓讴爻 丕賱毓賲賱蹖 讴賴 丕夭 丕乇亘丕亘丕賳 倬蹖卮蹖賳 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖賲 鬲丕 丕賵賳 丨丿 讴賴 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 丕夭 丨丿 丕賳鬲馗丕乇賲賵賳 亘丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 亘丕睾 賵 鬲禺賱蹖賴 蹖 丕賵賳 讴賳丕乇 賲蹖丕賳 賵 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱 卮丕丿蹖 賵 匕賵賯 亘蹖 丨丿 賵 丕賳丿丕夭賴 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 丕夭 禺乇蹖丿 亘丕睾 乇賵 丿乇 賳馗乇 亘蹖丕乇蹖賳...讴爻蹖 讴賴 賵賯鬲蹖 賴賲賴 禺賵丕亘 亘賵丿賳丿 鬲賱丕卮 讴乇丿賴 賵 丨丕賱丕 氐丕丨亘 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵蹖 丕賮爻丕賳賴 丕蹖 卮丿賴 賵 丨鬲蹖 禺賵丿卮 賴賲 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 乇賵 亘丕賵乇 賳賲蹖 讴賳賴
August 13, 2018
Chekhov masterfully presents the social and economic changes which affected Russian landed gentry after the abolition of serfdom in the 1860s.
May 12, 2018
亘丕乇 丕賵賱:
賲胤賲卅賳賲 讴賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賵 賳賮賴賲蹖丿賲 丕賳賯丿 丕爻賲丕卮賵賳 卮亘蹖賴 賵 爻禺鬲 蹖丕丿 诏乇賮鬲賳蹖 亘賵丿.
亘丕乇 丿賵賲:
亘毓丿 丕夭 爻賴 爻丕賱 亘乇丕蹖 亘丕乇 丿賵賲 禺賵賳丿賲貙 讴賴 胤亘毓賳 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 丿賮毓賴 丕賵賱 丿賯鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲賲 賵 丕賵賳 丿賮毓賴 禺蹖賱蹖 爻乇爻乇蹖 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲.
丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄘж� 鬲乇噩賲賴 爻乇賵跇 丕爻鬲倬丕賳蹖丕賳 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿賴 亘賵丿賲 亘賴鬲乇賴 丕賲丕 亘毓囟蹖 噩丕賴丕 禺蹖賱蹖 鬲丨鬲鈥屫з勝勝佖港� 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴乇丿賴 亘賵丿 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 賲孬賱 丿蹖丕賱賵诏鈥屬囏й� 丕亘夭賵乇丿 亘蹖鈥屬呚官嗀� 賲蹖鈥屫簇�.
卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 丕爻賱倬鈥屫ж池屭┾€屭堎� 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 賳賲丕蹖卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賵丕賳賮 賵 賲乇睾 丿乇蹖丕蹖蹖 亘賵丿 賵 賲丕噩乇丕蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘丕睾鈥屫促堎嗁� 丿丕乇賳 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屫� 賵 賲孬賱 鬲賲丕賲 賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝団€屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 賴蹖趩鈥屭┴ж臂� 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 賲賳賮毓賱 賳卮爻鬲賳 賵 丨爻乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屫堌辟� 賵 诏賵卮鈥屫促堎� 乇賵 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿鈥屬囏й� 賲賳胤賯蹖 亘爻鬲賳 賵 賮賯胤 亘賴 賴賲 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 诏乇蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 賲賳鬲馗乇賳 讴賴 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭卮賵賳賵 丕夭 丿爻鬲 亘丿賳.
賲胤賲卅賳賲 讴賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賵 賳賮賴賲蹖丿賲 丕賳賯丿 丕爻賲丕卮賵賳 卮亘蹖賴 賵 爻禺鬲 蹖丕丿 诏乇賮鬲賳蹖 亘賵丿.
亘丕乇 丿賵賲:
亘毓丿 丕夭 爻賴 爻丕賱 亘乇丕蹖 亘丕乇 丿賵賲 禺賵賳丿賲貙 讴賴 胤亘毓賳 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 丿賮毓賴 丕賵賱 丿賯鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲賲 賵 丕賵賳 丿賮毓賴 禺蹖賱蹖 爻乇爻乇蹖 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲.
丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄘж� 鬲乇噩賲賴 爻乇賵跇 丕爻鬲倬丕賳蹖丕賳 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿賴 亘賵丿賲 亘賴鬲乇賴 丕賲丕 亘毓囟蹖 噩丕賴丕 禺蹖賱蹖 鬲丨鬲鈥屫з勝勝佖港� 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴乇丿賴 亘賵丿 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 賲孬賱 丿蹖丕賱賵诏鈥屬囏й� 丕亘夭賵乇丿 亘蹖鈥屬呚官嗀� 賲蹖鈥屫簇�.
卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 丕爻賱倬鈥屫ж池屭┾€屭堎� 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 賳賲丕蹖卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賵丕賳賮 賵 賲乇睾 丿乇蹖丕蹖蹖 亘賵丿 賵 賲丕噩乇丕蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘丕睾鈥屫促堎嗁� 丿丕乇賳 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屫� 賵 賲孬賱 鬲賲丕賲 賳賲丕蹖卮鈥屬嗀з呝団€屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 賴蹖趩鈥屭┴ж臂� 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 賲賳賮毓賱 賳卮爻鬲賳 賵 丨爻乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屫堌辟� 賵 诏賵卮鈥屫促堎� 乇賵 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿鈥屬囏й� 賲賳胤賯蹖 亘爻鬲賳 賵 賮賯胤 亘賴 賴賲 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 诏乇蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 賲賳鬲馗乇賳 讴賴 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭卮賵賳賵 丕夭 丿爻鬲 亘丿賳.
January 7, 2022
氐丿 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 (鄞) | 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 丕孬乇 丌賳鬲賵丕賳 趩禺賵賮
亘賴 賲丨囟 鬲賲賵賲 讴乇丿賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘爻鬲賲貙 趩賳丿 賱丨馗賴 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賲 賵 鬲氐賲蹖賲 诏乇賮鬲賲 丕夭 丕賵賱 亘禺賵賳賲卮. 賲毓賲賵賱丕 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 丿丕乇賲 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏й� 乇賵爻蹖 乇賵 亘丕蹖丿 丿賵亘丕乇 禺賵賳丿貙 趩賵賳 丕爻賲鈥庂囏� 亘賴 丨丿蹖 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 賮賴賲 賵 毓噩蹖亘賳 讴賴 亘丕乇 丕賵賱 賲賳 賮賯胤 亘丕蹖丿 爻毓蹖 讴賳賲 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 乇賵 蹖丕丿賲 賳乇賴. 禺賵卮鈥屫ㄘз嗁� 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫促� 亘丕 趩禺賵賮 讴乇丿貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏й� 賴賮鬲氐丿 氐賮丨賴鈥屫й� 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵賮爻讴蹖 丕蹖賳 賯丕亘賱蹖鬲 乇賵 賳丿丕乇賳.
亘丕乇 丿賵賲 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 禺蹖賱蹖 賵丕囟丨鈥屫� 卮丿貙 亘丕睾賽 丌賱亘丕賱賵 讴丕賲賱丕 蹖讴 讴賲丿蹖賴貙 賵賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 賮囟丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 賲蹖鈥屫促� 讴賴 亘丕 丨乇賮鈥屬囏ж� 賴賲禺賵賳蹖 賳丿丕乇賴.
亘匕丕乇蹖賳 丕賵賱 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丨乇賮 亘夭賳蹖賲貙 鬲賵蹖 乇蹖賵蹖賵賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 禺賵賳丿賲 賴蹖趩 讴爻 趩賳丿丕賳 亘賴卮賵賳 鬲賵噩賴 賳讴乇丿賴 亘賵丿. 賯囟蹖賴 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賲丕 賵賯鬲蹖 蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘蹖 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屬呚� 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖 賲乇丿賲 賳賵毓 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賵 賲賳胤賯蹖鈥屫臂� 丕夭 氐丨亘鬲 讴乇丿賳 乇賵 丿丕乇賳貙 賵賱蹖 丿乇 丕氐賱 賵賯鬲蹖 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賲毓 賴賮鬲-賴卮鬲 賳賮乇賴 亘丕卮蹖賲貙 賲乇丿賲 胤賵乇蹖 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賳 讴賴 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屬佡囐呝� 趩賴 禺亘乇賴. 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲賽 诏乇賵賴蹖 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 趩蹖夭蹖 亘丨孬 亘卮賴 (賲賳馗賵乇賲 蹖讴 噩賲毓 毓丕丿蹖 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿诏蹖賴貙 賳賴 丌讴丕丿賲蹖讴) 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 噩賲賱丕鬲 鬲賵蹖 賴賵丕 倬乇賵丕夭 賲蹖讴賳賳 賵 亘賴 诏賵卮 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫必迟�. 丕賲丕 鬲賵蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏� 丕蹖賳胤賵乇蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賴賲賴鈥屰� 丿蹖丕賱賵诏鈥屬囏� 丕孬乇卮賵賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫柏ж辟嗀� 鬲賲丕賲 丕賵賳 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 诏賮鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫促� 賵 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫促嗁堎� 乇賵 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賴丕 (賲毓賲賵賱丕) 丨匕賮 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.
丨丕賱丕 亘乇诏乇丿蹖賲 亘賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵貙 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丕賳诏丕乇 丿丕乇賳 亘丕 丿蹖賵丕乇 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賳. 蹖讴蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 亘蹖鈥屫必ㄘ� 丿丕乇賴 亘賴 亘蹖賱蹖丕乇丿 賮讴乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 丨乇讴丕鬲 鬲賵倬 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭囏� 丕賵賳 蹖讴蹖 亘丨孬 丕夭丿賵丕噩 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 噩賱賵 賵 讴爻蹖 賵丕讴賳卮 趩賳丿丕賳 賲卮禺氐蹖 亘賴 乇賮鬲丕乇 亘賯蹖賴 賳卮賵賳 賳賲蹖鈥屫�! 賵賯鬲蹖 賴賲 賲丨賱 蹖讴蹖 丿蹖诏賴 賲蹖鈥屫柏ж辟囏� 夭賲丕賳蹖賴 讴賴 賲噩亘賵乇賴 蹖讴 賲爻卅賱賴鈥屰� 賲賴賲蹖 乇賵 爻乇蹖毓 丕夭 爻乇 禺賵丿卮 亘丕夭 讴賳賴 蹖丕 蹖讴 賲爻卅賱賴鈥屰� 賲爻禺乇賴 賵 爻丕丿賴鈥屫池�. 丕賲乇賵夭 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賲毓 亘賵丿賲 賵 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿賲 亘賴 乇賮鬲丕乇賴丕 丿賯鬲 讴賳賲貙 禺蹖賱蹖 卮亘蹖賴 趩蹖夭蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 趩禺賵賮 鬲賵蹖 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 丕賵乇丿賴. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 鬲賮丕賵鬲 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 卮亘蹖賴 蹖讴 倬丕乇賵丿蹖 丕夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲乇丿賲蹖賴 讴賴 賴乇 乇賵夭 丕夭 讴賳丕乇卮賵賳 乇丿 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬�. 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賳讴鬲賴鈥屰� 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 亘賵丿 賵 趩禺賵賮 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲 亘丕亘鬲卮 鬲丨爻蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屫促�. 丕賵賳 丿賯蹖賯丕 賲孬賱 蹖讴 賳賯丕卮 蹖丕 丕賳蹖賲丕鬲賵乇 賲乇丿賲 乇賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 讴乇丿賴 賵 亘毓丿貙 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 禺賵丕爻鬲賴鈥屰� 禺賵丿卮貙 丕賵賳鈥屬囏� 乇賵 毓賵囟 讴乇丿賴. 賲賳 丕氐賱丕 乇蹖賵蹖賵賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屭佖� 丕蹖賳 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲氐賳賵毓蹖 亘賵丿賳 乇賵 賯亘賵賱 賳丿丕乇賲貙 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 丨丿蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖 亘賵丿賳 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 亘亘蹖賳賲卮賵賳. 賴賲蹖賳 丕賱丕賳 讴賴 丕蹖賳 賲鬲賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屬嗁堐屫迟� 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 噩賱賵蹖 趩卮賲丕賲賴.
丕蹖賳讴賴 賲丕 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 賳馗乇 賳賲蹖丕賳貙 賲卮讴賱 趩禺賵賮 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賲卮讴賱 禺賵丿賲賵賳賴 讴賴 賳鬲賵賳爻鬲蹖賲 亘丕 丕賵賳 丿賯鬲 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丕锟斤拷毓蹖 乇賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 讴賳蹖賲.
賲賵乇丿 丿賵賲 賴賲 賮囟丕蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴. 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 賵賯鬲鈥屬囏� 氐丨亘鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 卮亘蹖賴 倬蹖卮诏賵蹖蹖賴. 丕賲丕 倬蹖卮诏賵蹖蹖 鬲賵蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屰� 亘賵乇跇賵丕蹖 丿乇 賴賲 卮讴爻鬲賴鈥屫� 趩賳丿丕賳 丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 賳馗乇 賳賲蹖丕丿. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屬� 亘亘乇蹖賳 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賳诏賱 噩丕丿賵蹖蹖 賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇卮 亘丿蹖賳貙 亘賴 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 蹖讴爻乇蹖 丕賱賮 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕賵賳 亘丕卮賳 讴賴 丿丕乇賳 丕夭 丌蹖賳丿賴鈥屰� 丿賳蹖丕 賲蹖鈥屭�. 爻蹖爻鬲賲蹖 讴賴 賯乇賳鈥屬囏� 亘賵丿賴 賯乇丕乇賴 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘乇賴 賵 丕賵賳 丕賱賮鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲卮禺蹖氐卮 丿丕丿賳 (趩賵賳 丕賱賮賳 亘賴 賴乇 丨丕賱). 丕賲丕 蹖讴爻乇蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 丕丨賲賯 賲孬賱 诏丕蹖賮 賳亘丕蹖丿 賲鬲賵噩賴 丕蹖賳 亘丕卮賳貙 丕賵賳丕 丨鬲蹖 賳亘丕蹖丿 亘鬲賵賳賳 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 讴賴 噩賱賵蹖 趩卮賲卮賵賳賴 乇賵 亘賮賴賲賳.
亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 鬲賵蹖 爻丕亘 鬲讴爻鬲卮 丨丕賱鬲 賲毓賳賵蹖 毓賲蹖賯蹖 丿丕卮鬲貙 賲乇诏貙 賳丕亘賵丿蹖貙 爻賯賵胤 賵 毓卮賯鈥屬囏й� 賳丕讴丕賲 鬲賵蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 禺蹖賱蹖 卮賳丕賵乇賳 賵 丨乇讴鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 丕賲丕 丌禺乇賽 賴賲賴 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 胤乇夭 賵丕囟丨蹖 蹖讴 讴賲丿蹖 禺賵亘 賳賵卮鬲賴. 丕賲丕 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴鈥屬囏� 亘賴 丨丿蹖 丿乇诏蹖乇 丕爻賲賽 亘夭乇诏 趩禺賵賮 賵 倬蹖卮鈥庘€屬佖必垛€屬囏й� 匕賴賳蹖卮賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫促� 讴賴 賳賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 禺賱丕賯丕賳賴鈥屰� 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 乇賵 亘亘蹖賳賳. 賳賲蹖鈥屭� 禺賳丿賴鈥屫ж� 亘賵丿賳貙 乇賵爻鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 禺賳丿賵賳丿賳 亘賯蹖賴 禺賵亘 賳蹖爻鬲賳 (賵丿讴丕 丕賵賳 亘禺卮 賲睾夭 讴賴 賲丕賱 卮賵禺蹖賴 乇賵 禺乇丕亘 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.)貙 賵賱蹖 卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 禺賵亘 亘賵丿賳. 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 卮賵禺蹖 賴賲 丿賯蹖賯丕 倬丕蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕 丨乇賮鈥屬囏й� 賵 賲乇诏 賮蹖夭乇 亘賵丿. 卮丕蹖丿 賲丕 賳禺賳丿蹖賲貙 賵賱蹖 趩禺賵賮 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕 禺蹖賱蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮 禺賳丿蹖丿賴貙 賲卮禺氐賴.
亘乇丕蹖 倬丕蹖丕賳 賴賲 亘诏賲 鬲乇噩賲賴鈥屰� 禺丕賳賲 丿丕賳卮賵乇 丕賮鬲囟丕丨 亘賵丿貙 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘丕乇 丿賵賲 亘賴 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 禺賵賳丿賲 賲鬲賵噩賴 卮丿賲 讴賴 賱丨賳 賵 馗乇丕賮鬲鈥屬囏й� 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 乇賵 讴丕賲賱丕 禺乇丕亘 讴乇丿賳. 丕蹖讴丕卮 丕蹖賳 鬲乇噩賲賴 賴蹖趩鈥屬堎傌� 鬲噩丿蹖丿 趩丕倬 賳賲蹖鈥屫簇� 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 亘禺卮 亘夭乇诏蹖 丕夭 賵丕讴賳卮鈥屬囏й� 賲賳賮蹖 賵 賳賮賴賲蹖丿賳鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 賱胤賮 禺丕賳賲 丿丕賳卮賵乇賴.
亘賴 賲丨囟 鬲賲賵賲 讴乇丿賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘爻鬲賲貙 趩賳丿 賱丨馗賴 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賲 賵 鬲氐賲蹖賲 诏乇賮鬲賲 丕夭 丕賵賱 亘禺賵賳賲卮. 賲毓賲賵賱丕 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 丿丕乇賲 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏й� 乇賵爻蹖 乇賵 亘丕蹖丿 丿賵亘丕乇 禺賵賳丿貙 趩賵賳 丕爻賲鈥庂囏� 亘賴 丨丿蹖 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 賮賴賲 賵 毓噩蹖亘賳 讴賴 亘丕乇 丕賵賱 賲賳 賮賯胤 亘丕蹖丿 爻毓蹖 讴賳賲 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 乇賵 蹖丕丿賲 賳乇賴. 禺賵卮鈥屫ㄘз嗁� 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫促� 亘丕 趩禺賵賮 讴乇丿貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏й� 賴賮鬲氐丿 氐賮丨賴鈥屫й� 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵賮爻讴蹖 丕蹖賳 賯丕亘賱蹖鬲 乇賵 賳丿丕乇賳.
亘丕乇 丿賵賲 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 禺蹖賱蹖 賵丕囟丨鈥屫� 卮丿貙 亘丕睾賽 丌賱亘丕賱賵 讴丕賲賱丕 蹖讴 讴賲丿蹖賴貙 賵賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 賮囟丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 賲蹖鈥屫促� 讴賴 亘丕 丨乇賮鈥屬囏ж� 賴賲禺賵賳蹖 賳丿丕乇賴.
亘匕丕乇蹖賳 丕賵賱 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丨乇賮 亘夭賳蹖賲貙 鬲賵蹖 乇蹖賵蹖賵賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 禺賵賳丿賲 賴蹖趩 讴爻 趩賳丿丕賳 亘賴卮賵賳 鬲賵噩賴 賳讴乇丿賴 亘賵丿. 賯囟蹖賴 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賲丕 賵賯鬲蹖 蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘蹖 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屬呚� 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖 賲乇丿賲 賳賵毓 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賵 賲賳胤賯蹖鈥屫臂� 丕夭 氐丨亘鬲 讴乇丿賳 乇賵 丿丕乇賳貙 賵賱蹖 丿乇 丕氐賱 賵賯鬲蹖 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賲毓 賴賮鬲-賴卮鬲 賳賮乇賴 亘丕卮蹖賲貙 賲乇丿賲 胤賵乇蹖 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賳 讴賴 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屬佡囐呝� 趩賴 禺亘乇賴. 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲賽 诏乇賵賴蹖 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 趩蹖夭蹖 亘丨孬 亘卮賴 (賲賳馗賵乇賲 蹖讴 噩賲毓 毓丕丿蹖 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿诏蹖賴貙 賳賴 丌讴丕丿賲蹖讴) 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 噩賲賱丕鬲 鬲賵蹖 賴賵丕 倬乇賵丕夭 賲蹖讴賳賳 賵 亘賴 诏賵卮 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫必迟�. 丕賲丕 鬲賵蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏� 丕蹖賳胤賵乇蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賴賲賴鈥屰� 丿蹖丕賱賵诏鈥屬囏� 丕孬乇卮賵賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫柏ж辟嗀� 鬲賲丕賲 丕賵賳 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 诏賮鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫促� 賵 讴爻蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫促嗁堎� 乇賵 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賴丕 (賲毓賲賵賱丕) 丨匕賮 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.
丨丕賱丕 亘乇诏乇丿蹖賲 亘賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵貙 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丕賳诏丕乇 丿丕乇賳 亘丕 丿蹖賵丕乇 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賳. 蹖讴蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 亘蹖鈥屫必ㄘ� 丿丕乇賴 亘賴 亘蹖賱蹖丕乇丿 賮讴乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 丨乇讴丕鬲 鬲賵倬 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭囏� 丕賵賳 蹖讴蹖 亘丨孬 丕夭丿賵丕噩 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 噩賱賵 賵 讴爻蹖 賵丕讴賳卮 趩賳丿丕賳 賲卮禺氐蹖 亘賴 乇賮鬲丕乇 亘賯蹖賴 賳卮賵賳 賳賲蹖鈥屫�! 賵賯鬲蹖 賴賲 賲丨賱 蹖讴蹖 丿蹖诏賴 賲蹖鈥屫柏ж辟囏� 夭賲丕賳蹖賴 讴賴 賲噩亘賵乇賴 蹖讴 賲爻卅賱賴鈥屰� 賲賴賲蹖 乇賵 爻乇蹖毓 丕夭 爻乇 禺賵丿卮 亘丕夭 讴賳賴 蹖丕 蹖讴 賲爻卅賱賴鈥屰� 賲爻禺乇賴 賵 爻丕丿賴鈥屫池�. 丕賲乇賵夭 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賲毓 亘賵丿賲 賵 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿賲 亘賴 乇賮鬲丕乇賴丕 丿賯鬲 讴賳賲貙 禺蹖賱蹖 卮亘蹖賴 趩蹖夭蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 趩禺賵賮 鬲賵蹖 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 丕賵乇丿賴. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 鬲賮丕賵鬲 讴賴 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 卮亘蹖賴 蹖讴 倬丕乇賵丿蹖 丕夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲乇丿賲蹖賴 讴賴 賴乇 乇賵夭 丕夭 讴賳丕乇卮賵賳 乇丿 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬�. 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賳讴鬲賴鈥屰� 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 亘賵丿 賵 趩禺賵賮 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲 亘丕亘鬲卮 鬲丨爻蹖賳 賲蹖鈥屫促�. 丕賵賳 丿賯蹖賯丕 賲孬賱 蹖讴 賳賯丕卮 蹖丕 丕賳蹖賲丕鬲賵乇 賲乇丿賲 乇賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 讴乇丿賴 賵 亘毓丿貙 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 禺賵丕爻鬲賴鈥屰� 禺賵丿卮貙 丕賵賳鈥屬囏� 乇賵 毓賵囟 讴乇丿賴. 賲賳 丕氐賱丕 乇蹖賵蹖賵賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屭佖� 丕蹖賳 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲氐賳賵毓蹖 亘賵丿賳 乇賵 賯亘賵賱 賳丿丕乇賲貙 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 丨丿蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖 亘賵丿賳 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 亘亘蹖賳賲卮賵賳. 賴賲蹖賳 丕賱丕賳 讴賴 丕蹖賳 賲鬲賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屬嗁堐屫迟� 賱賵倬丕禺蹖賳 噩賱賵蹖 趩卮賲丕賲賴.
丕蹖賳讴賴 賲丕 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 賳馗乇 賳賲蹖丕賳貙 賲卮讴賱 趩禺賵賮 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賲卮讴賱 禺賵丿賲賵賳賴 讴賴 賳鬲賵賳爻鬲蹖賲 亘丕 丕賵賳 丿賯鬲 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丕锟斤拷毓蹖 乇賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 讴賳蹖賲.
賲賵乇丿 丿賵賲 賴賲 賮囟丕蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴. 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 賵賯鬲鈥屬囏� 氐丨亘鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 卮亘蹖賴 倬蹖卮诏賵蹖蹖賴. 丕賲丕 倬蹖卮诏賵蹖蹖 鬲賵蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屰� 亘賵乇跇賵丕蹖 丿乇 賴賲 卮讴爻鬲賴鈥屫� 趩賳丿丕賳 丿乇爻鬲 亘賴 賳馗乇 賳賲蹖丕丿. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屬� 亘亘乇蹖賳 鬲賵蹖 蹖讴 噩賳诏賱 噩丕丿賵蹖蹖 賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇卮 亘丿蹖賳貙 亘賴 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 蹖讴爻乇蹖 丕賱賮 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕賵賳 亘丕卮賳 讴賴 丿丕乇賳 丕夭 丌蹖賳丿賴鈥屰� 丿賳蹖丕 賲蹖鈥屭�. 爻蹖爻鬲賲蹖 讴賴 賯乇賳鈥屬囏� 亘賵丿賴 賯乇丕乇賴 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘乇賴 賵 丕賵賳 丕賱賮鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲卮禺蹖氐卮 丿丕丿賳 (趩賵賳 丕賱賮賳 亘賴 賴乇 丨丕賱). 丕賲丕 蹖讴爻乇蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 丕丨賲賯 賲孬賱 诏丕蹖賮 賳亘丕蹖丿 賲鬲賵噩賴 丕蹖賳 亘丕卮賳貙 丕賵賳丕 丨鬲蹖 賳亘丕蹖丿 亘鬲賵賳賳 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 讴賴 噩賱賵蹖 趩卮賲卮賵賳賴 乇賵 亘賮賴賲賳.
亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 鬲賵蹖 爻丕亘 鬲讴爻鬲卮 丨丕賱鬲 賲毓賳賵蹖 毓賲蹖賯蹖 丿丕卮鬲貙 賲乇诏貙 賳丕亘賵丿蹖貙 爻賯賵胤 賵 毓卮賯鈥屬囏й� 賳丕讴丕賲 鬲賵蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 禺蹖賱蹖 卮賳丕賵乇賳 賵 丨乇讴鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 丕賲丕 丌禺乇賽 賴賲賴 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 胤乇夭 賵丕囟丨蹖 蹖讴 讴賲丿蹖 禺賵亘 賳賵卮鬲賴. 丕賲丕 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴鈥屬囏� 亘賴 丨丿蹖 丿乇诏蹖乇 丕爻賲賽 亘夭乇诏 趩禺賵賮 賵 倬蹖卮鈥庘€屬佖必垛€屬囏й� 匕賴賳蹖卮賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫促� 讴賴 賳賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 禺賱丕賯丕賳賴鈥屰� 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 乇賵 亘亘蹖賳賳. 賳賲蹖鈥屭� 禺賳丿賴鈥屫ж� 亘賵丿賳貙 乇賵爻鈥屬囏� 禺蹖賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 禺賳丿賵賳丿賳 亘賯蹖賴 禺賵亘 賳蹖爻鬲賳 (賵丿讴丕 丕賵賳 亘禺卮 賲睾夭 讴賴 賲丕賱 卮賵禺蹖賴 乇賵 禺乇丕亘 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.)貙 賵賱蹖 卮賵禺蹖鈥屬囏й� 亘丕睾 丌賱亘丕賱賵 禺賵亘 亘賵丿賳. 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 卮賵禺蹖 賴賲 丿賯蹖賯丕 倬丕蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘丕 丨乇賮鈥屬囏й� 賵 賲乇诏 賮蹖夭乇 亘賵丿. 卮丕蹖丿 賲丕 賳禺賳丿蹖賲貙 賵賱蹖 趩禺賵賮 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕 禺蹖賱蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮 禺賳丿蹖丿賴貙 賲卮禺氐賴.
亘乇丕蹖 倬丕蹖丕賳 賴賲 亘诏賲 鬲乇噩賲賴鈥屰� 禺丕賳賲 丿丕賳卮賵乇 丕賮鬲囟丕丨 亘賵丿貙 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘丕乇 丿賵賲 亘賴 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 禺賵賳丿賲 賲鬲賵噩賴 卮丿賲 讴賴 賱丨賳 賵 馗乇丕賮鬲鈥屬囏й� 賳賲丕蹖卮賳丕賲賴 乇賵 讴丕賲賱丕 禺乇丕亘 讴乇丿賳. 丕蹖讴丕卮 丕蹖賳 鬲乇噩賲賴 賴蹖趩鈥屬堎傌� 鬲噩丿蹖丿 趩丕倬 賳賲蹖鈥屫簇� 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 亘禺卮 亘夭乇诏蹖 丕夭 賵丕讴賳卮鈥屬囏й� 賲賳賮蹖 賵 賳賮賴賲蹖丿賳鈥屬囏й� 趩禺賵賮 亘賴 賱胤賮 禺丕賳賲 丿丕賳卮賵乇賴.
August 12, 2018
I went into this book expecting to really like it because so many of my Goodread friends enjoyed it. Sadly, I did not. There were too many characters in the play. I'm not sure what they were all doing there except add to the constant whining of ALL the characters. By the end of the play I couldn't care less about the outcome of the cherry orchard.
October 29, 2017
"Oh, will you understand
My soul's deep restlessness?"
The last play in my book of three Chekhov鈥檚 plays. I don鈥檛 quite understand how is The Cherry Orchard Chekhov鈥檚 most famous play because I found it less appealing than Three Sisters, which was my favorite, or Uncle Vanya. The characters seem less developed and the classic themes that are explored in each play didn鈥檛 hit the note with me as the others, even though I can see a great value in this one too.
The most dominating subject of the play was the relativity of any one's position in society during the time of great economic and political changes. The play portrays the slow downfall of the aristocracy as their position is replaced with people from lower class that now have new opportunities. From reading about Chekhov鈥檚 life, it is evident why that theme interested him, as he himself was coming from the family that didn鈥檛 have high social status, and made it with his own talent and effort. He financed himself during medical school and became a doctor and in time one of the most famous Russian writers.
Lopakhin was the character that portrays perfectly Chekhov personal struggles. Chekhov father was very strict, fanatic and came from a lower class in society. I think this dialogue can reveal the way Chekhov felt in some sense, his escape in art and his haunting feeling of low self-esteem coming from a tyrannical father and his social status, that couldn't be eradicated even with highest education.
LUBOV. I'm quite sure there wasn't anything at all funny. You oughtn't to go and see plays, you ought to go and look at yourself. What a grey life you lead, what a lot you talk unnecessarily.
LOPAKHIN. It's true. To speak the straight truth, we live a silly life. [Pause] My father was a peasant, an idiot, he understood nothing, he didn't teach me, he was always drunk, and always used a stick on me. In point of fact, I'm a fool and an idiot too. I've never learned anything, my handwriting is bad, I write so that I'm quite ashamed before people, like a pig!
My dear friend from medical school adores Chekhov鈥檚 short stories, so she recommended his work to me, and I鈥檓 glad she did. These plays were only an introduction as I really want to read his complete opus. This style, wit, and cleverness in describing human thought are indeed brilliant and inspiring to me. His philosophy seems so close to my perspective on life and my love for existentialism. Nothing but respect for my fellow doctor that became a giant of Russian literature. Looking forward to spending more time with him.
To escape all the petty and deceptive things which prevent our being happy and free, that is the aim and meaning of our lives. Forward! We go irresistibly on to that bright star which burns there, in the distance! Don't lag behind, friends!
My soul's deep restlessness?"
The last play in my book of three Chekhov鈥檚 plays. I don鈥檛 quite understand how is The Cherry Orchard Chekhov鈥檚 most famous play because I found it less appealing than Three Sisters, which was my favorite, or Uncle Vanya. The characters seem less developed and the classic themes that are explored in each play didn鈥檛 hit the note with me as the others, even though I can see a great value in this one too.
The most dominating subject of the play was the relativity of any one's position in society during the time of great economic and political changes. The play portrays the slow downfall of the aristocracy as their position is replaced with people from lower class that now have new opportunities. From reading about Chekhov鈥檚 life, it is evident why that theme interested him, as he himself was coming from the family that didn鈥檛 have high social status, and made it with his own talent and effort. He financed himself during medical school and became a doctor and in time one of the most famous Russian writers.
Lopakhin was the character that portrays perfectly Chekhov personal struggles. Chekhov father was very strict, fanatic and came from a lower class in society. I think this dialogue can reveal the way Chekhov felt in some sense, his escape in art and his haunting feeling of low self-esteem coming from a tyrannical father and his social status, that couldn't be eradicated even with highest education.
LUBOV. I'm quite sure there wasn't anything at all funny. You oughtn't to go and see plays, you ought to go and look at yourself. What a grey life you lead, what a lot you talk unnecessarily.
LOPAKHIN. It's true. To speak the straight truth, we live a silly life. [Pause] My father was a peasant, an idiot, he understood nothing, he didn't teach me, he was always drunk, and always used a stick on me. In point of fact, I'm a fool and an idiot too. I've never learned anything, my handwriting is bad, I write so that I'm quite ashamed before people, like a pig!
My dear friend from medical school adores Chekhov鈥檚 short stories, so she recommended his work to me, and I鈥檓 glad she did. These plays were only an introduction as I really want to read his complete opus. This style, wit, and cleverness in describing human thought are indeed brilliant and inspiring to me. His philosophy seems so close to my perspective on life and my love for existentialism. Nothing but respect for my fellow doctor that became a giant of Russian literature. Looking forward to spending more time with him.
To escape all the petty and deceptive things which prevent our being happy and free, that is the aim and meaning of our lives. Forward! We go irresistibly on to that bright star which burns there, in the distance! Don't lag behind, friends!
August 20, 2024
听听听听 This is the first book we picked to read together as a book club. It wasn't my suggestion. However, mine was "Ward No 6" which is another work by Chekov so I was able to read from the same author. My only issue with this was that I'd seen its play and hadn't found it intriguing. As a result, I picked the play up with some skepticism. It couldn't be more wrong to do so. Everything about this play communicates to the reader the genius of this great man. It's almost magical how much he can convey in just a few words. There is more than meets the eye at first to every character of his. Every character represents a whole detailed world whose details are not openly discussed. In this regard, the readers are assigned to do much more than they might have expected at the outset.
听听听听 To talk about different layers of the play at length would ask for the production of a long review which I'm not fit for at this time. I'll introduce the plot and main characters briefly, though:
听听听听 It is a classic play that revolves around an aristocratic Russian family facing the loss of their estate, including a beautiful and renowned cherry orchard.
### Main Characters:
- **Madame Lyubov Andreievna Ranevskaya**: The landowner who returns to her family estate after spending five years in Paris.
- **Leonid Gayev**: Ranevskaya's brother, who is also living on the estate.
- **Anya**: Ranevskaya's daughter.
- **Varya**: Ranevskaya's adopted daughter.
- **Yermolai Alexeyevich Lopakhin**: A wealthy merchant and the son of a former serf on the estate.
- **Peter Trofimov**: A student and former tutor to Ranevskaya's deceased son.
- **Firs**: An elderly servant who has been with the family for many years.
- **Dunyasha**: A maid on the estate.
- **Yasha**: A young servant who has accompanied Ranevskaya from Paris.
- **Simeonov-Pishchik**: A neighboring landowner.
Main Plot:
听听听听 The play opens with Madame Ranevskaya returning to her family estate in Russia after a long stay in Paris. She is greeted by her family and friends, who bring the sad news that the estate, including the cherry orchard, is to be auctioned off to pay the family's debts. Lopakhin, a wealthy merchant, suggests cutting down the cherry orchard and building summer cottages to generate income, but ...
听听听听 As the story unfolds, the characters grapple with their personal struggles and the impending loss of the estate. The cherry orchard becomes a symbol of the past, representing the family's heritage and the changing social landscape of Russia.
听听听听 All things considered, I believe there are prizes here for the people who can bear a lack of drama and enjoy the subtleties of a rich text.
P.S: To fully appreciate it though, one needs to read the 1903 script. In this translation and in the foreword, it is explained that how the 1904 script (partially changed and shortened in parts) could confuse us.
听听听听 To talk about different layers of the play at length would ask for the production of a long review which I'm not fit for at this time. I'll introduce the plot and main characters briefly, though:
听听听听 It is a classic play that revolves around an aristocratic Russian family facing the loss of their estate, including a beautiful and renowned cherry orchard.
### Main Characters:
- **Madame Lyubov Andreievna Ranevskaya**: The landowner who returns to her family estate after spending five years in Paris.
- **Leonid Gayev**: Ranevskaya's brother, who is also living on the estate.
- **Anya**: Ranevskaya's daughter.
- **Varya**: Ranevskaya's adopted daughter.
- **Yermolai Alexeyevich Lopakhin**: A wealthy merchant and the son of a former serf on the estate.
- **Peter Trofimov**: A student and former tutor to Ranevskaya's deceased son.
- **Firs**: An elderly servant who has been with the family for many years.
- **Dunyasha**: A maid on the estate.
- **Yasha**: A young servant who has accompanied Ranevskaya from Paris.
- **Simeonov-Pishchik**: A neighboring landowner.
Main Plot:
听听听听 The play opens with Madame Ranevskaya returning to her family estate in Russia after a long stay in Paris. She is greeted by her family and friends, who bring the sad news that the estate, including the cherry orchard, is to be auctioned off to pay the family's debts. Lopakhin, a wealthy merchant, suggests cutting down the cherry orchard and building summer cottages to generate income, but ...
听听听听 As the story unfolds, the characters grapple with their personal struggles and the impending loss of the estate. The cherry orchard becomes a symbol of the past, representing the family's heritage and the changing social landscape of Russia.
听听听听 All things considered, I believe there are prizes here for the people who can bear a lack of drama and enjoy the subtleties of a rich text.
P.S: To fully appreciate it though, one needs to read the 1903 script. In this translation and in the foreword, it is explained that how the 1904 script (partially changed and shortened in parts) could confuse us.
May 17, 2023
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