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袟邪斜褍褌褌褟
些芯 褌邪泻械 褔邪褋, 褟泻 薪械 泻懈褌, 褟泻懈泄 锌芯谐谢懈薪邪褦 胁褋械, 蟹褉褨胁薪褞褞褔懈 褍 斜械蟹写芯薪薪芯屑褍 褔械褉械胁褨 谐械薪褨褩胁 褨 薪械胁写邪褏, 褕谢褟褏械褌薪懈褏 写芯斜褉芯写褨褩胁 褨 锌芯谢褨褌懈褔薪懈褏 蟹谢芯褔懈薪褑褨胁. 小泻褨谢褜泻懈 谢褞写褋褜泻懈褏 卸懈褌褌褨胁 薪械锌械褉械褋褨褔薪懈褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨胁 褋褌邪谢懈 褌懈屑 蟹邪泻芯胁褌薪褍褌懈屑 锌谢邪薪泻褌芯薪芯屑. 袊褏 薪械屑芯卸谢懈胁芯 写褨褋褌邪褌懈 褨蟹 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟, 褏褨斜邪 褖芯 褏褌芯褋褜 褨蟹 卸懈胁懈褏 胁褨写褔褍褦 薪邪谐邪谢褜薪褍 锌芯褌褉械斜褍 蟹谐邪写褍胁邪褌懈. 校褑褜芯屑褍褉芯屑邪薪褨 褌懈屑 褋谢邪胁械褌薪懈屑 蟹邪斜褍褌懈屑 褦 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄, 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈泄 褨褋褌芯褉懈泻 锌芯谢褜褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌芯褏芯写卸械薪薪褟, 褎褨谢芯褋芯褎 褨 薪械胁写邪谢懈泄 锌芯谢褨褌懈泻, 蟹邪褋薪芯胁薪懈泻 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨蟹屑褍. 袡芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 斜褍谢芯 褋褍褑褨谢褜薪懈屑 褉褍褏芯屑 锌褉芯褌懈 胁褨褌褉褍, 锌芯卸械褉褌胁芯褞 蟹邪褉邪写懈 褨写械褩. 袗谢械 泄 薪懈屑 锌芯卸懈胁懈胁褋褟 褋懈薪褨泄 泻懈褌 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃�. 袗胁褌芯褉泻邪 胁泻谢邪写邪褦 褉芯蟹锌芯胁褨写褜 锌褉芯 褑褜芯谐芯 褔芯谢芯胁褨泻邪 胁 褍褋褌邪 屑芯谢芯写芯褩 卸褨薪泻懈, 谐械褉芯
256 pages, Kindle Edition
First published January 1, 2016
106 people are currently reading
3,686 people want to read
About the author
Tanja Maljartschuk
24听books46听followersTania Maliarchuk began with several volumes of short stories and novellas: Adolfo's Endspiel, or A Rose for Liza (2004), From Top to Bottom: A Book of Fears (2006), How I Became a Saint (2006), To Speak (2007), and Zviroslov (2009). Her first novel, Biography of an Accidental Miracle, was published in 2012.
Maliarchuk has been writing in German since 2014. In 2018 she won the Ingeborg Bachmann Award for Fr枚sche im Meer (Frogs in the Sea), an unpublished text she read at the Festival of German-Language Literature.
Her Ukrainian work has been translated into German since 2009 (Neunprozentiger Haushaltsessing, Biografie eines zuf盲lligen Wunders, both by Residenz Verlag). Some has also been translated into English.[2][3] The short story "Me and My Sacred Cow" was published in Best European Fiction 2013, edited by Aleksandar Hemon.[4]
Tania Maliarchuk lives in Vienna.
Maliarchuk has been writing in German since 2014. In 2018 she won the Ingeborg Bachmann Award for Fr枚sche im Meer (Frogs in the Sea), an unpublished text she read at the Festival of German-Language Literature.
Her Ukrainian work has been translated into German since 2009 (Neunprozentiger Haushaltsessing, Biografie eines zuf盲lligen Wunders, both by Residenz Verlag). Some has also been translated into English.[2][3] The short story "Me and My Sacred Cow" was published in Best European Fiction 2013, edited by Aleksandar Hemon.[4]
Tania Maliarchuk lives in Vienna.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 178 reviews
January 24, 2024
Forgottenness is gorgeous. And: completely mysterious. And: very moving.
The publisher's description tells you what it's supposedly about:
"An exceedingly anxious narrator grapples with a host of conditions, from obsessive-compulsive disorder to a creeping sense of agoraphobia. As her symptoms deepen, she finds unexpected solace researching Viacheslav Lypynskyi (1882鈥�1931), a social and political activist of Polish descent who played a pivotal role in the struggle for Ukrainian independence鈥昦nd who nursed his own comorbidities. In this long-deceased ideologue the narrator finally finds companionship, mining her country鈥檚 history in pursuit of a better grasp over her own."
All right. These words, ostensibly describing what this novel is "about," are like a picture frame. Inside the frame is a work of art. The frame gives the story definition and dimension, but what is inside this frame is entirely unique and indescribable. As I read, a stream of sense impressions that bombarded me with image and movement and purposefulness. No matter how randomly arranged the happenings seemed to be, as I read along, as I read, I felt closer to understanding ... a lot of important things. Like: what connects us humans. And: what makes us care about the things we care about.
I can only imagine that Zenia Tompkins is a genius of translation because the language is so beautiful. I kept just feeling joy, over and over again, at the language, the words.
The publisher's description tells you what it's supposedly about:
"An exceedingly anxious narrator grapples with a host of conditions, from obsessive-compulsive disorder to a creeping sense of agoraphobia. As her symptoms deepen, she finds unexpected solace researching Viacheslav Lypynskyi (1882鈥�1931), a social and political activist of Polish descent who played a pivotal role in the struggle for Ukrainian independence鈥昦nd who nursed his own comorbidities. In this long-deceased ideologue the narrator finally finds companionship, mining her country鈥檚 history in pursuit of a better grasp over her own."
All right. These words, ostensibly describing what this novel is "about," are like a picture frame. Inside the frame is a work of art. The frame gives the story definition and dimension, but what is inside this frame is entirely unique and indescribable. As I read, a stream of sense impressions that bombarded me with image and movement and purposefulness. No matter how randomly arranged the happenings seemed to be, as I read along, as I read, I felt closer to understanding ... a lot of important things. Like: what connects us humans. And: what makes us care about the things we care about.
I can only imagine that Zenia Tompkins is a genius of translation because the language is so beautiful. I kept just feeling joy, over and over again, at the language, the words.
April 25, 2021
袘械蟹锌褉芯谐褉邪褕薪邪 泻芯薪褑械锌褑褨褟 锌械褉械锌谢械褌褨薪薪褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褨 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯褋褌褨. 袟邪 屑懈薪褍谢械 胁褨写锌芯胁褨写邪褦 芯褋褌邪薪薪褨泄 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈泄 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨褋褌, 蟹邪 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褜 - 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褟 蟹 锌邪薪褨褔薪懈屑懈 邪褌邪泻邪屑懈, 褋锌褉懈褔懈薪械薪懈屑懈 锌芯褔褍褌褌褟屑 胁懈薪懈. 校褋薪懈泄 锌褨写 褋芯褍褋芯屑 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褨蟹屑褍 褌邪 胁邪卸谢懈胁芯褋褌褨 斜械褉械谐褌懈 锌邪屑'褟褌褜 锌褉芯 屑懈薪褍谢械 褨 薪械 蟹邪斜褍胁邪褌懈 褌懈褏, 褏褌芯 胁褨写写邪胁 卸懈褌褌褟 蟹邪 薪械蟹邪谢械卸薪褨褋褌褜 校泻褉邪褩薪懈
September 11, 2016
笑械 - 褑褨谢泻芯屑 薪芯褉屑邪谢褜薪邪, 锌褉懈锌褍褋褌褨屑芯, 锌械褉褕邪 褔械褉薪械褌泻邪 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 邪谢械 薪邪胁褨褖芯 褑械 斜褍谢芯 胁懈写邪胁邪褌懈, 薪械 写芯芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪胁褕懈? 携泻 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪懈泄 褌械泻褋褌 褑械 写褍卸械 锌芯谐邪薪芯.
袙 褉芯屑邪薪褨 写胁褨 谢褨薪褨褩: 褍 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯褋褌褨 - 写褨胁褔懈薪邪, 褖芯 斜芯褩褌褜褋褟 褋屑械褉褌褨 泄 斜芯褉械褌褜褋褟 褨蟹 锌邪薪褨褔薪懈屑懈 薪邪锌邪写邪屑懈, 锌械褉械写懈胁谢褟褦褌褜褋褟 写邪胁薪褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈, 邪斜懈 锌械褉械褋胁褨写褔懈褌懈褋褟, 褖芯 褏芯褔 褖芯褋褜 褌邪 泄 谢懈褕邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪胁褨褌褜 锌褨褋谢褟 锌褉芯屑懈薪邪薪薪褟 褔邪褋褍. 孝邪泻 胁芯薪邪 薪邪褌褉邪锌谢褟褦 薪邪 褨薪褎芯褉屑邪褑褨褞 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 锌芯褔懈薪邪褦 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 薪褜芯谐芯 胁褋械. 袙褨写锌芯胁褨写薪芯, 写褉褍谐邪 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 - 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 孝邪 谢褨薪褨褟, 褟泻邪 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褜, 褖械 薪褨褔芯谐芯, 褏芯褔邪 薪械 斜械蟹 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪懈褏 褕褌邪屑锌褨胁. 孝邪, 褟泻邪 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 - 泻邪褌邪褋褌褉芯褎邪.
袩芯褔薪褨屑芯 蟹 褌芯谐芯, 褖芯 写褍卸械 斜邪谐邪褌芯 褌邪屑 薪械 锌芯胁薪芯褑褨薪薪懈泄 褌械泻褋褌, 邪 锌械褉械泻邪蟹 褋泻芯褉芯屑芯胁泻芯褞, 薪邪锌褉懈泻谢邪写, 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪 (锌褉懈褔芯屑褍 胁 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪 褑械 胁懈谐谢褟写邪谢芯 卸胁邪胁褨褕械 泄 芯斜'褦屑薪褨褕械) + 褋芯谢褟薪泻邪 褨蟹 薪邪泻褉懈褕械薪懈褏 褋褌邪褌械泄 褍褋褨褏 谐械褉芯褩胁, 褟泻褨 褔芯屑褍褋褜 锌褉懈泻懈写邪褞褌褜褋褟 写褨邪谢芯谐邪屑懈. 啸褨薪褌: 褍褋薪邪 屑芯胁邪 胁褨写褉褨蟹薪褟褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨写 锌褍斜谢褨褑懈褋褌懈褔薪芯谐芯 褋褌懈谢褞.
袩褉芯写芯胁卸屑芯 褌懈屑, 褖芯 谐谢懈斜芯泻芯谐芯 蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 蟹邪 褌懈屑 薪械 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦褌褜褋褟, 锌褉芯褋泻芯胁蟹褍褞褌褜 谢褟锌懈 褉褨胁薪褟 "肖芯谢褜泻谢芯褉 褌邪 谢褞斜芯胁 写芯 锌芯斜褍褌芯胁芯褩 褋褌邪褉芯胁懈薪懈 鈥� 褑械 胁褋械, 褔懈屑 屑芯谐谢芯 锌芯褏胁邪谢懈褌懈褋褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褌胁芯 1903 褉芯泻褍". 1903, 袣邪褉谢械! 袧械 1803, 邪 1903, 泻芯谢懈 邪泻褌懈胁薪芯 锌懈褕械 写芯斜褉邪 锌芯谢芯胁懈薪邪 泻谢邪褋懈泻褨胁-泻谢邪褋懈泻褨胁 (袣芯褑褞斜懈薪褋褜泻懈泄! 袥械褋褟 校泻褉邪褩薪泻邪! 小褌械褎邪薪懈泻! 褨 褌写), 邪 锌褨胁褕泻褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 泻邪薪芯薪褍 胁卸械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪, 泻芯谢懈 褦 褖芯写械薪薪褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈 褨 褌写.
袩芯褌褨屑, 胁械谢懈泻褨 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 蟹 point of view. 孝懈锌芯胁懈泄 锌褉懈泻谢邪写: 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褉芯蟹屑芯胁谢褟褦 薪邪 胁芯泻蟹邪谢褨 蟹 写褨胁褔懈薪芯褞. 肖芯泻邪谢褨蟹邪褑褨褟 薪褨斜懈褌芯 褔械褉械蟹 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褍屑芯胁薪芯, 屑懈 斜邪褔懈屑芯 褌械, 褖芯 斜邪褔懈褌褜 胁褨薪, 薪邪屑 锌芯胁褨写芯屑谢褟褞褌褜, 褖芯 胁褨薪 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦, 褨 褌写). 袗卸 褌褍褌 褉邪锌褌芯屑: "袣褍褉'褦褉芯胁褨 薪械 斜褍谢芯 胁懈写薪芯 褋谢褨蟹 写褨胁褔懈薪懈". 袉 褔懈褌邪褔 褌邪泻懈泄: 泻褍褉胁邪, 褏褌芯 褑械泄 泻褍褉'褦褉? 笑械 褖芯, 薪芯胁懈泄 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸? 袧邪屑 胁邪卸懈褌褜, 褖芯 胁褨薪 斜邪褔懈褌褜 褔懈 薪械 斜邪褔懈褌褜? 袣褍褉'褦褉芯胁褨 薪械 胁懈写薪芯, 邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍? 袣芯褉芯褌褕械, 斜褨谢褜褕械 褌芯泄 泻褍褉'褦褉 褌邪屑 薪械 蟹谐邪写褍褦褌褜褋褟, 泻褉褨屑 褑褜芯谐芯 褉械薪写芯屑薪芯谐芯 褉械褔械薪薪褟, 褟泻械 屑邪胁 斜懈 胁懈褔械褋邪褌懈 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉. 袉 褌邪泻芯谐芯 写芯斜褉邪 褌邪屑 胁懈褋褌邪褔邪褦.
袉薪褕懈屑懈 褋谢芯胁邪屑懈, 褍 褑褜芯谐芯 褦 褟泻懈泄褋褜 锌芯褌械薪褑褨邪谢, 邪谢械 胁褨薪 薪械褉械邪谢褨蟹芯胁邪薪懈泄.
袙 褉芯屑邪薪褨 写胁褨 谢褨薪褨褩: 褍 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯褋褌褨 - 写褨胁褔懈薪邪, 褖芯 斜芯褩褌褜褋褟 褋屑械褉褌褨 泄 斜芯褉械褌褜褋褟 褨蟹 锌邪薪褨褔薪懈屑懈 薪邪锌邪写邪屑懈, 锌械褉械写懈胁谢褟褦褌褜褋褟 写邪胁薪褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈, 邪斜懈 锌械褉械褋胁褨写褔懈褌懈褋褟, 褖芯 褏芯褔 褖芯褋褜 褌邪 泄 谢懈褕邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪胁褨褌褜 锌褨褋谢褟 锌褉芯屑懈薪邪薪薪褟 褔邪褋褍. 孝邪泻 胁芯薪邪 薪邪褌褉邪锌谢褟褦 薪邪 褨薪褎芯褉屑邪褑褨褞 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 锌芯褔懈薪邪褦 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 薪褜芯谐芯 胁褋械. 袙褨写锌芯胁褨写薪芯, 写褉褍谐邪 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 - 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 孝邪 谢褨薪褨褟, 褟泻邪 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褜, 褖械 薪褨褔芯谐芯, 褏芯褔邪 薪械 斜械蟹 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪懈褏 褕褌邪屑锌褨胁. 孝邪, 褟泻邪 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 - 泻邪褌邪褋褌褉芯褎邪.
袩芯褔薪褨屑芯 蟹 褌芯谐芯, 褖芯 写褍卸械 斜邪谐邪褌芯 褌邪屑 薪械 锌芯胁薪芯褑褨薪薪懈泄 褌械泻褋褌, 邪 锌械褉械泻邪蟹 褋泻芯褉芯屑芯胁泻芯褞, 薪邪锌褉懈泻谢邪写, 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪 (锌褉懈褔芯屑褍 胁 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪 褑械 胁懈谐谢褟写邪谢芯 卸胁邪胁褨褕械 泄 芯斜'褦屑薪褨褕械) + 褋芯谢褟薪泻邪 褨蟹 薪邪泻褉懈褕械薪懈褏 褋褌邪褌械泄 褍褋褨褏 谐械褉芯褩胁, 褟泻褨 褔芯屑褍褋褜 锌褉懈泻懈写邪褞褌褜褋褟 写褨邪谢芯谐邪屑懈. 啸褨薪褌: 褍褋薪邪 屑芯胁邪 胁褨写褉褨蟹薪褟褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨写 锌褍斜谢褨褑懈褋褌懈褔薪芯谐芯 褋褌懈谢褞.
袩褉芯写芯胁卸屑芯 褌懈屑, 褖芯 谐谢懈斜芯泻芯谐芯 蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 蟹邪 褌懈屑 薪械 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦褌褜褋褟, 锌褉芯褋泻芯胁蟹褍褞褌褜 谢褟锌懈 褉褨胁薪褟 "肖芯谢褜泻谢芯褉 褌邪 谢褞斜芯胁 写芯 锌芯斜褍褌芯胁芯褩 褋褌邪褉芯胁懈薪懈 鈥� 褑械 胁褋械, 褔懈屑 屑芯谐谢芯 锌芯褏胁邪谢懈褌懈褋褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褌胁芯 1903 褉芯泻褍". 1903, 袣邪褉谢械! 袧械 1803, 邪 1903, 泻芯谢懈 邪泻褌懈胁薪芯 锌懈褕械 写芯斜褉邪 锌芯谢芯胁懈薪邪 泻谢邪褋懈泻褨胁-泻谢邪褋懈泻褨胁 (袣芯褑褞斜懈薪褋褜泻懈泄! 袥械褋褟 校泻褉邪褩薪泻邪! 小褌械褎邪薪懈泻! 褨 褌写), 邪 锌褨胁褕泻褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 泻邪薪芯薪褍 胁卸械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪, 泻芯谢懈 褦 褖芯写械薪薪褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈 褨 褌写.
袩芯褌褨屑, 胁械谢懈泻褨 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 蟹 point of view. 孝懈锌芯胁懈泄 锌褉懈泻谢邪写: 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褉芯蟹屑芯胁谢褟褦 薪邪 胁芯泻蟹邪谢褨 蟹 写褨胁褔懈薪芯褞. 肖芯泻邪谢褨蟹邪褑褨褟 薪褨斜懈褌芯 褔械褉械蟹 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褍屑芯胁薪芯, 屑懈 斜邪褔懈屑芯 褌械, 褖芯 斜邪褔懈褌褜 胁褨薪, 薪邪屑 锌芯胁褨写芯屑谢褟褞褌褜, 褖芯 胁褨薪 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦, 褨 褌写). 袗卸 褌褍褌 褉邪锌褌芯屑: "袣褍褉'褦褉芯胁褨 薪械 斜褍谢芯 胁懈写薪芯 褋谢褨蟹 写褨胁褔懈薪懈". 袉 褔懈褌邪褔 褌邪泻懈泄: 泻褍褉胁邪, 褏褌芯 褑械泄 泻褍褉'褦褉? 笑械 褖芯, 薪芯胁懈泄 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸? 袧邪屑 胁邪卸懈褌褜, 褖芯 胁褨薪 斜邪褔懈褌褜 褔懈 薪械 斜邪褔懈褌褜? 袣褍褉'褦褉芯胁褨 薪械 胁懈写薪芯, 邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍? 袣芯褉芯褌褕械, 斜褨谢褜褕械 褌芯泄 泻褍褉'褦褉 褌邪屑 薪械 蟹谐邪写褍褦褌褜褋褟, 泻褉褨屑 褑褜芯谐芯 褉械薪写芯屑薪芯谐芯 褉械褔械薪薪褟, 褟泻械 屑邪胁 斜懈 胁懈褔械褋邪褌懈 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉. 袉 褌邪泻芯谐芯 写芯斜褉邪 褌邪屑 胁懈褋褌邪褔邪褦.
袉薪褕懈屑懈 褋谢芯胁邪屑懈, 褍 褑褜芯谐芯 褦 褟泻懈泄褋褜 锌芯褌械薪褑褨邪谢, 邪谢械 胁褨薪 薪械褉械邪谢褨蟹芯胁邪薪懈泄.
October 2, 2020
袣芯谢懈 胁懈泄褕谢邪 褑褟 泻薪懈卸泻邪, 褟 褔褍谢邪 薪械 写褍卸械 褋褏胁邪谢褜薪褨 胁褨写谐褍泻懈, 褌芯屑褍 胁懈褉褨褕懈谢邪, 褖芯 薪械 褔懈褌邪褌懈屑褍. 袉 蟹邪斜褍谢邪 锌褉芯 薪械褩 邪卸 写芯 屑芯屑械薪褌褍, 泻芯谢懈 锌芯斜邪褔懈谢邪 胁 邪褍写褨芯胁邪褉褨邪薪褌褨 薪邪 袗斜褍褑褨. 袦械薪械 褖芯褉邪蟹褍 谐褨锌薪芯褌懈蟹褍胁邪谢邪 芯斜泻谢邪写懈薪泻邪, 泻芯谢懈 谐芯褉褌邪谢邪 薪械胁械谢懈泻懈泄 褋锌懈褋芯泻 胁懈写邪薪褜 褍 写芯写邪褌泻褍. 袙褉械褕褌褨, 胁懈褉褨褕懈谢邪 褋锌褉芯斜褍胁邪褌懈, 斜芯 泻薪懈谐, 褟泻褨 屑械薪械 褌邪屑 褑褨泻邪胁谢褟褌褜, 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 薪械 褌邪泻 斜邪谐邪褌芯, 邪 锌芯褋谢褍褏邪褌懈 褖芯褋褜 胁 邪褍写褨芯 褏芯褌褨谢芯褋褟. 袉 褟泻邪 卸 褟 褉邪写邪, 褖芯 锌芯写芯谢邪谢邪 褋胁芯褦 褍锌械褉械写卸械薪薪褟, 薪械蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢芯 蟹胁褨写泻懈 薪邪褉芯写卸械薪械. 袣薪懈卸泻邪 屑械薪褨 写褍卸械 褋锌芯写芯斜邪谢邪褋褟 - 蟹邪 写械薪褜, 薪械 胁褨写褉懈胁邪褞褔懈褋褜, 锌褉芯褋谢褍褏邪谢邪.
孝邪泻, 芯锌懈褋 薪械 薪邪写懈褏邪褦 - 泻薪懈卸泻邪 锌褉芯 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 些芯 褟 蟹薪邪谢邪 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯? 孝褨谢褜泻懈 褌械, 褖芯 泄芯谐芯 褨屑械薪械屑 褍 袥褜胁芯胁褨 薪邪蟹胁邪薪邪 胁械谢懈泻邪 胁褍谢懈褑褟. 袣懈屑 胁褨薪 斜褍胁 - 邪 斜褍胁 胁褨薪, 褋锌芯泄谢械褉, 薪械 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁芯屑 - 袙邪褑谢邪胁芯屑, 锌芯谢褟泻芯屑 蟹邪 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪褨褋褌褞. 袗谢械 写褍褕械褞 - 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑械屑. 袉 胁卸械 褑械 屑械薪械 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁懈谢芯 - 褟泻 胁懈褟胁懈谢芯褋褟, 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 褌邪泻懈褏 谢褞写械泄-锌械褉械胁械褉褌薪褨胁 (褌褍褌 褍 褏芯褉芯褕芯屑褍 褋械薪褋褨). 袞懈褌褌褟 胁 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯谐芯 谐械褉芯褟 斜褍谢芯 薪邪褋懈褔械薪懈屑 褨 薪械芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪懈屑, 褟 薪褨 褋械泻褍薪写懈 薪械 薪褍写褜谐褍胁邪谢邪 - 褏芯褔邪 薪械 蟹薪邪褞, 褔懈 褌邪泻 斜褍谢芯 斜 褨 蟹 锌邪锌械褉芯胁懈屑 胁邪褉褨邪薪褌芯屑. 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 胁写邪谢芯褋褟 蟹 锌谢邪褋泻芯谐芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸邪 胁懈写芯斜褍褌懈 卸懈胁褍 谢褞写懈薪褍. 袉 褉邪蟹芯屑 蟹 薪懈屑 芯卸懈谢懈 褖械 斜邪谐邪褌芯 褌懈褏, 褔懈褩 褨屑械薪邪 斜褍谢懈 谢懈褕械 褉褟写泻邪屑懈 胁 锌褨写褉褍褔薪懈泻邪褏: 袘芯谐写邪薪 袥械锌泻懈泄, 袆胁谐械薪 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻芯, 袉胁邪薪 肖褉邪薪泻芯, 袛屑懈褌褉芯 袛芯薪褑芯胁, 袨褋懈锌 袧邪蟹邪褉褍泻, 袨谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 袨谢械褋褜. 袉 锌芯写褨褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟, 薪邪屑邪谐邪薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁薪芯褋褌褨 褋褌邪褌懈 薪邪 薪芯谐懈 褨 褌邪泻邪 锌褉懈泻褉邪 锌芯褉邪蟹泻邪, 褟泻邪 泻芯褕褌褍胁邪谢邪 薪邪屑 胁 屑邪泄斜褍褌薪褜芯屑褍 写褍卸械 斜邪谐邪褌芯.
袆 褖械 写褉褍谐邪 谢褨薪褨褟, 褋褍褔邪褋薪邪, 写械 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褟 薪邪褌褉邪锌谢褟褦 胁 褋褌邪褉褨泄 械屑褨谐褉邪薪褌褋褜泻褨泄 谐邪蟹械褌褨 薪邪 褋褌邪褌褌褞 锌褉芯 褋屑械褉褌褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 锌芯褔懈薪邪褦 薪懈屑 邪泻褌懈胁薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁懈褌懈褋褟. 袩邪褉邪谢械谢褜薪芯 屑懈 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟 锌褉芯 褩褩 卸懈褌褌褟, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 褉芯写懈薪懈, 褟泻邪 褦 屑褨薪褨-胁械褉褋褨褦褞 胁褋褜芯谐芯, 褖芯 胁褨写斜褍胁邪谢芯褋褟 蟹 校泻褉邪褩薪芯褞 胁褨写 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉褍 写芯 芯褋褌邪薪薪褨褏 泻褉懈褩胁芯泻 校袩袗.
袉屑械薪褨 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 屑懈 褌邪泻 褨 薪械 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟 - 薪械写邪褉屑邪 泻薪懈卸泻邪 薪芯褋懈褌褜 褌邪泻褍 薪邪蟹胁褍. 袗谢械 胁芯薪邪 锌械褉械写褍褋褨屑 锌褉芯 褌械, 褟泻 斜邪谐邪褌芯 写芯褋褌芯泄薪懈褏 谢褞写械泄 锌芯褌褉邪锌懈谢懈 胁 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟, 锌械褉械屑械谢械薪褨 卸芯褉薪邪屑懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褨 褉械卸懈屑褨胁. 袩褉懈锌懈薪懈谢懈褋褟 胁芯薪懈 褨 褩褏薪褨 褉芯写懈. 袝屑褨谐褉褍胁邪谢懈, 蟹屑褨薪懈谢懈 锌芯谐谢褟写懈, 胁褨写褏褉械褋褌懈谢懈褋褟 胁褨写 胁褋褜芯谐芯, 胁 褖芯 胁褨褉懈谢懈. 袗 褌褨, 褏褌芯 胁懈卸懈胁, 屑褍褋懈谢懈 褋泻芯褉懈褌懈褋褟 褨 蟹褉邪写懈褌懈 褋械斜械, 褖芯斜 蟹'褟胁懈谢懈褋褟 屑懈, 褩褏薪褨 薪邪褖邪写泻懈.
"携 薪邪褖邪写芯泻 锌芯泻芯褉懈 褨 褋褌褉邪褏褍 褋屑械褉褌褨
袉 薪邪 屑械薪械 谢褟谐谢邪 褑褨薪邪, 褟泻褍 斜褍谢芯 蟹邪锌谢邪褔械薪芯, 褖芯斜 胁懈卸懈褌懈
袧邪斜褨谐谢懈 褔懈屑邪谢褨 胁褨写褋芯褌泻懈 蟹邪 锌褉芯褌械褉屑褨薪芯胁邪薪懈屑懈 泻胁懈褌邪薪褑褨褟屑懈
携 屑褍褋懈谢邪 锌芯褔懈薪邪褌懈 胁褨写写邪胁邪褌懈 斜芯褉谐懈", - 泻邪卸械 谐芯谢芯胁薪邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 褨 蟹邪泻芯锌褍褦褌褜褋褟 胁 褋褌邪褉褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈, 褖芯斜 蟹谐邪写邪褌懈 褨 胁褨写写邪褌懈 褌邪泻懈. 袙芯褋泻褉械褋懈褌懈 褌褍 屑懈褌褜, 褟泻邪, 胁褨写芯斜褉邪卸械薪邪 薪邪 谐邪蟹械褌薪褨泄 褕锌邪谢褜褌褨, 胁卸械 褍 屑芯屑械薪褌 写褉褍泻褍 褦 屑懈薪褍谢懈屑. 笑褟 泻薪懈谐邪 写邪谢邪 屑械薪褨 褉芯蟹褍屑褨薪薪褟, 褟泻 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 薪械胁斜谢邪谐邪薪薪褨褋褌褜 褔邪褋褍. 袧褍, 褨 薪邪褉械褕褌褨 褟 蟹薪邪褞, 褏褌芯 卸 胁褨薪, 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褨 褟泻褍 褉芯谢褜 胁褨薪 蟹褨谐褉邪胁 胁 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻褨泄 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩.
袨泻褉械屑懈泄 泻邪泄褎 - 胁褨写 褋褌懈谢褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈, 胁褨薪 褌邪泻懈泄 卸械 褔褍写芯胁懈泄, 褟泻懈屑 褟 锌邪屑'褟褌邪褞 泄芯谐芯, 褏芯褔 褔懈褌邪谢邪 孝邪薪褞 写褍卸械 写邪胁薪芯. 袆 胁 薪褜芯屑褍 褖芯褋褜 薪邪写锌褉懈褉芯写薪械, 褟泻邪褋褜 屑邪谐褨褟 锌懈褋褜屑邪 - 芯褌 褌邪泻 泄芯谐芯 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褞.
袉 褖械 褌褉芯褏懈 褑懈褌邪褌:
鈥⑿� 泻褉邪泄薪芯褖褨 薪械 胁锌邪写邪褞褌褜 褌褨谢褜泻懈 谢褍泻邪胁褨 褨 斜芯褟谐褍蟹懈
鈥⑿斝敌窖� 斜褨卸褍, 褌褉懈 - 谢械卸褍 (袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褦 蟹写芯褉芯胁'褟, 胁锌褨蟹薪邪谢邪 褋械斜械 馃檲)
鈥⑿懷栃� 斜褍谢芯 锌褉芯谐褉邪薪芯 褍 屑芯屑械薪褌 锌褉懈泄薪褟褌褌褟 褉褨褕械薪薪褟 褍 薪褜芯谐芯 薪械 胁褋褌褍锌邪褌懈 (锌褉芯 写褨写邪, 褟泻懈泄 胁懈褉褨褕懈胁 薪械 泄褌懈 胁 校袩袗)
鈥⑿⌒谎屝拘沸� - 褑械 谐薪褨胁, 褟泻懈泄 褌懈 斜芯褩褕褋褟 胁懈褋谢芯胁懈褌懈 泻芯屑褍褋褜 褨薪褕芯屑褍, 褌芯屑褍 锌芯胁械褉褌邪褦褕 泄芯谐芯 薪邪 褋械斜械.
孝邪泻, 芯锌懈褋 薪械 薪邪写懈褏邪褦 - 泻薪懈卸泻邪 锌褉芯 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 些芯 褟 蟹薪邪谢邪 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯? 孝褨谢褜泻懈 褌械, 褖芯 泄芯谐芯 褨屑械薪械屑 褍 袥褜胁芯胁褨 薪邪蟹胁邪薪邪 胁械谢懈泻邪 胁褍谢懈褑褟. 袣懈屑 胁褨薪 斜褍胁 - 邪 斜褍胁 胁褨薪, 褋锌芯泄谢械褉, 薪械 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁芯屑 - 袙邪褑谢邪胁芯屑, 锌芯谢褟泻芯屑 蟹邪 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪褨褋褌褞. 袗谢械 写褍褕械褞 - 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑械屑. 袉 胁卸械 褑械 屑械薪械 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁懈谢芯 - 褟泻 胁懈褟胁懈谢芯褋褟, 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 褌邪泻懈褏 谢褞写械泄-锌械褉械胁械褉褌薪褨胁 (褌褍褌 褍 褏芯褉芯褕芯屑褍 褋械薪褋褨). 袞懈褌褌褟 胁 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯谐芯 谐械褉芯褟 斜褍谢芯 薪邪褋懈褔械薪懈屑 褨 薪械芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪懈屑, 褟 薪褨 褋械泻褍薪写懈 薪械 薪褍写褜谐褍胁邪谢邪 - 褏芯褔邪 薪械 蟹薪邪褞, 褔懈 褌邪泻 斜褍谢芯 斜 褨 蟹 锌邪锌械褉芯胁懈屑 胁邪褉褨邪薪褌芯屑. 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 胁写邪谢芯褋褟 蟹 锌谢邪褋泻芯谐芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸邪 胁懈写芯斜褍褌懈 卸懈胁褍 谢褞写懈薪褍. 袉 褉邪蟹芯屑 蟹 薪懈屑 芯卸懈谢懈 褖械 斜邪谐邪褌芯 褌懈褏, 褔懈褩 褨屑械薪邪 斜褍谢懈 谢懈褕械 褉褟写泻邪屑懈 胁 锌褨写褉褍褔薪懈泻邪褏: 袘芯谐写邪薪 袥械锌泻懈泄, 袆胁谐械薪 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻芯, 袉胁邪薪 肖褉邪薪泻芯, 袛屑懈褌褉芯 袛芯薪褑芯胁, 袨褋懈锌 袧邪蟹邪褉褍泻, 袨谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 袨谢械褋褜. 袉 锌芯写褨褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟, 薪邪屑邪谐邪薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁薪芯褋褌褨 褋褌邪褌懈 薪邪 薪芯谐懈 褨 褌邪泻邪 锌褉懈泻褉邪 锌芯褉邪蟹泻邪, 褟泻邪 泻芯褕褌褍胁邪谢邪 薪邪屑 胁 屑邪泄斜褍褌薪褜芯屑褍 写褍卸械 斜邪谐邪褌芯.
袆 褖械 写褉褍谐邪 谢褨薪褨褟, 褋褍褔邪褋薪邪, 写械 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褟 薪邪褌褉邪锌谢褟褦 胁 褋褌邪褉褨泄 械屑褨谐褉邪薪褌褋褜泻褨泄 谐邪蟹械褌褨 薪邪 褋褌邪褌褌褞 锌褉芯 褋屑械褉褌褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 锌芯褔懈薪邪褦 薪懈屑 邪泻褌懈胁薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁懈褌懈褋褟. 袩邪褉邪谢械谢褜薪芯 屑懈 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟 锌褉芯 褩褩 卸懈褌褌褟, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 褉芯写懈薪懈, 褟泻邪 褦 屑褨薪褨-胁械褉褋褨褦褞 胁褋褜芯谐芯, 褖芯 胁褨写斜褍胁邪谢芯褋褟 蟹 校泻褉邪褩薪芯褞 胁褨写 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉褍 写芯 芯褋褌邪薪薪褨褏 泻褉懈褩胁芯泻 校袩袗.
袉屑械薪褨 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 屑懈 褌邪泻 褨 薪械 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟 - 薪械写邪褉屑邪 泻薪懈卸泻邪 薪芯褋懈褌褜 褌邪泻褍 薪邪蟹胁褍. 袗谢械 胁芯薪邪 锌械褉械写褍褋褨屑 锌褉芯 褌械, 褟泻 斜邪谐邪褌芯 写芯褋褌芯泄薪懈褏 谢褞写械泄 锌芯褌褉邪锌懈谢懈 胁 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟, 锌械褉械屑械谢械薪褨 卸芯褉薪邪屑懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褨 褉械卸懈屑褨胁. 袩褉懈锌懈薪懈谢懈褋褟 胁芯薪懈 褨 褩褏薪褨 褉芯写懈. 袝屑褨谐褉褍胁邪谢懈, 蟹屑褨薪懈谢懈 锌芯谐谢褟写懈, 胁褨写褏褉械褋褌懈谢懈褋褟 胁褨写 胁褋褜芯谐芯, 胁 褖芯 胁褨褉懈谢懈. 袗 褌褨, 褏褌芯 胁懈卸懈胁, 屑褍褋懈谢懈 褋泻芯褉懈褌懈褋褟 褨 蟹褉邪写懈褌懈 褋械斜械, 褖芯斜 蟹'褟胁懈谢懈褋褟 屑懈, 褩褏薪褨 薪邪褖邪写泻懈.
"携 薪邪褖邪写芯泻 锌芯泻芯褉懈 褨 褋褌褉邪褏褍 褋屑械褉褌褨
袉 薪邪 屑械薪械 谢褟谐谢邪 褑褨薪邪, 褟泻褍 斜褍谢芯 蟹邪锌谢邪褔械薪芯, 褖芯斜 胁懈卸懈褌懈
袧邪斜褨谐谢懈 褔懈屑邪谢褨 胁褨写褋芯褌泻懈 蟹邪 锌褉芯褌械褉屑褨薪芯胁邪薪懈屑懈 泻胁懈褌邪薪褑褨褟屑懈
携 屑褍褋懈谢邪 锌芯褔懈薪邪褌懈 胁褨写写邪胁邪褌懈 斜芯褉谐懈", - 泻邪卸械 谐芯谢芯胁薪邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 褨 蟹邪泻芯锌褍褦褌褜褋褟 胁 褋褌邪褉褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈, 褖芯斜 蟹谐邪写邪褌懈 褨 胁褨写写邪褌懈 褌邪泻懈. 袙芯褋泻褉械褋懈褌懈 褌褍 屑懈褌褜, 褟泻邪, 胁褨写芯斜褉邪卸械薪邪 薪邪 谐邪蟹械褌薪褨泄 褕锌邪谢褜褌褨, 胁卸械 褍 屑芯屑械薪褌 写褉褍泻褍 褦 屑懈薪褍谢懈屑. 笑褟 泻薪懈谐邪 写邪谢邪 屑械薪褨 褉芯蟹褍屑褨薪薪褟, 褟泻 褟 谢褞斜谢褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 锌褉芯 薪械胁斜谢邪谐邪薪薪褨褋褌褜 褔邪褋褍. 袧褍, 褨 薪邪褉械褕褌褨 褟 蟹薪邪褞, 褏褌芯 卸 胁褨薪, 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褨 褟泻褍 褉芯谢褜 胁褨薪 蟹褨谐褉邪胁 胁 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻褨泄 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩.
袨泻褉械屑懈泄 泻邪泄褎 - 胁褨写 褋褌懈谢褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈, 胁褨薪 褌邪泻懈泄 卸械 褔褍写芯胁懈泄, 褟泻懈屑 褟 锌邪屑'褟褌邪褞 泄芯谐芯, 褏芯褔 褔懈褌邪谢邪 孝邪薪褞 写褍卸械 写邪胁薪芯. 袆 胁 薪褜芯屑褍 褖芯褋褜 薪邪写锌褉懈褉芯写薪械, 褟泻邪褋褜 屑邪谐褨褟 锌懈褋褜屑邪 - 芯褌 褌邪泻 泄芯谐芯 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褞.
袉 褖械 褌褉芯褏懈 褑懈褌邪褌:
鈥⑿� 泻褉邪泄薪芯褖褨 薪械 胁锌邪写邪褞褌褜 褌褨谢褜泻懈 谢褍泻邪胁褨 褨 斜芯褟谐褍蟹懈
鈥⑿斝敌窖� 斜褨卸褍, 褌褉懈 - 谢械卸褍 (袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褦 蟹写芯褉芯胁'褟, 胁锌褨蟹薪邪谢邪 褋械斜械 馃檲)
鈥⑿懷栃� 斜褍谢芯 锌褉芯谐褉邪薪芯 褍 屑芯屑械薪褌 锌褉懈泄薪褟褌褌褟 褉褨褕械薪薪褟 褍 薪褜芯谐芯 薪械 胁褋褌褍锌邪褌懈 (锌褉芯 写褨写邪, 褟泻懈泄 胁懈褉褨褕懈胁 薪械 泄褌懈 胁 校袩袗)
鈥⑿⌒谎屝拘沸� - 褑械 谐薪褨胁, 褟泻懈泄 褌懈 斜芯褩褕褋褟 胁懈褋谢芯胁懈褌懈 泻芯屑褍褋褜 褨薪褕芯屑褍, 褌芯屑褍 锌芯胁械褉褌邪褦褕 泄芯谐芯 薪邪 褋械斜械.
May 20, 2024
袙褨写泻谢邪写邪谢邪 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褑褜芯谐芯 褌械泻褋褌褍 斜邪谐邪褌芯 褉芯泻褨胁, 邪卸 芯褌 胁蟹褟谢邪褋褟. 携 褍 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褨 胁褨写 褉芯屑邪薪褨蟹芯胁邪薪芯褩 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褩 袙始褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 斜芯 胁锌褉懈薪褑懈锌褨 谢褞斜谢褞 褑械泄 卸邪薪褉. 袦械薪褨 锌芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟 斜邪褔懈褌懈 胁 褍褔邪褋薪懈泻邪褏 褨 褍褔邪褋薪懈褑褟褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪芯谐芯 锌褉芯褑械褋褍 谢褞写械泄 鈥� 袦邪褉泻芯 袙芯胁褔芯泻 芯卸懈胁邪褦 褨 褋锌械褉懈褔邪褦褌褜褋褟 蟹 袩邪薪褌械谢械泄屑芯薪芯屑 袣褍谢褨褕械屑 褍 芦袦芯胁褔褍褖芯屑褍 斜芯卸械褋褌胁褨禄 袙.袛芯屑芯薪褌芯胁懈褔邪 鈥� 褋褍锌械褉, 邪斜芯 屑懈 蟹薪邪泄芯屑懈屑芯褋褟 蟹 芯褌芯褔械薪薪褟屑 褨 谢褞写褜屑懈, 褟泻褨 卸懈谢懈 锌芯褉褍褔 蟹 袥械褋械褞 校泻褉邪褩薪泻芯褞 褍 芦袟邪谢褨蟹薪褨泄 胁芯写褨禄 袥邪褞泻邪 鈥� 褌械卸 锌褨写褏芯写懈褌褜. 袣芯谢懈 锌芯褋褌邪褌褨 蟹 锌褨写褉褍褔薪懈泻褨胁 芯卸懈胁邪褞褌褜, 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褟泻褖芯 褑械 卸懈褌褌褟 蟹薪邪褔薪芯褞 屑褨褉芯褞 胁懈谐邪写邪薪械 泄 覒褉褍薪褌褍褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褜泻芯屑褍 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褨, 褨薪褌褍褨褑褨褩, 屑邪泄褋褌械褉薪芯褋褌褨 泻芯薪褋褌褉褍褞胁邪褌懈 写芯谢褨.
笑械 蟹邪胁卸写懈 薪械锌褉芯褋褌懈泄 褕谢褟褏 褋褌胁芯褉褞胁邪褌懈 褋胁褨褌 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯褩 锌芯褋褌邪褌褨, 薪邪锌芯胁薪褞胁邪褌懈 泄芯谐芯 褨薪褕懈屑懈 (薪械 屑械薪褕 蟹薪邪泻芯胁懈屑懈) 锌芯褋褌邪褌褟屑懈, 屑芯写械谢褞胁邪褌懈 泄 锌褉懈锌褍褋泻邪褌懈, 褋褌邪胁懈褌懈 蟹邪锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 锌褉芯 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜 泄 褕褍泻邪褌懈 邪褉谐褍屑械薪褌懈. 袦械薪褨 锌芯写芯斜邪谢芯褋褟 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褉芯蟹写褨谢懈 锌褉芯 褨薪褌械谢械泻褌褍邪谢褜薪褨 锌芯褕褍泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褋锌褉芯斜懈 芯褋褨褋褌懈 胁 校泻褉邪褩薪褨, 谢褨泻褍胁邪薪薪褟 泄 谢懈褋褌褍胁邪薪薪褟, 卸懈褌褌褟 袙褨写薪褟 褍 褔邪褋 蟹屑褨薪. 袙芯写薪芯褔邪褋 屑械薪褨 斜褍谢邪 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 薪械褑褨泻邪胁邪 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸泻邪-褎褨谢芯谢芯谐懈薪褟 蟹 屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪懈屑懈 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪屑懈 啸啸袉 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟. 携泻褖芯 褋胁褨褌 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 卸懈胁懈泄, 褌芯 胁芯薪邪 褋褨褉邪, 薪褍写薪邪, 薪械胁懈褉邪蟹薪邪, 邪 褩褩 屑芯褌懈胁邪褑褨褟 写芯褋谢褨写卸褍胁邪谢懈 袥懈锌懈褋褜泻芯谐芯 屑邪谢芯蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪. 携泻斜懈 褑械 斜褍胁 褌械泻褋褌 薪邪 100 褋褌芯褉褨薪芯泻 谢懈褕械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 褟 斜褍谢邪 斜懈 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 褖邪褋谢懈胁芯褞 褔懈褌邪褔泻芯褞, 邪 褌邪泻 褟 蟹屑褍褕械薪邪 褌械锌械褉 屑褨褉泻褍胁邪褌懈 锌褉芯 屑芯褌懈胁邪褑褨褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 蟹邪薪褍褉褞胁邪褌懈 薪邪褋 褍 褋胁褨褌 褑褨褦褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 邪谢械 薪械褏邪泄 屑懈 褔懈褌邪褔褨 屑芯卸械屑芯 锌褉懈泄屑邪褌懈 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁, 械屑锌邪褌褍胁邪褌懈 褩屑, 胁褨写泻懈写邪褌懈, 薪邪胁褨褌褜 锌械褉械谐芯褉褌褍胁邪褌懈 褋褌芯褉褨薪泻懈, 邪谢械 卸 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 褌懈褋褟褔 蟹薪邪泻褨胁 卸懈谢邪 蟹 褑褨褦褞 谐械褉芯褩薪械褞 褨 褩泄 斜褍谢芯 褑械 褑褨泻邪胁芯 鈥� 褔懈屑, 褔芯屑褍, 薪邪胁褨褖芯? 袦械薪械 褍 褑褜芯屑褍 胁懈锌邪写泻褍 泻褍褏薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褏胁懈谢褞褦 褨 褑褨泻邪胁懈褌褜 斜褨谢褜褕械, 薪褨卸 胁谢邪褋薪械 胁锌芯写芯斜邪薪薪褟.
笑械 蟹邪胁卸写懈 薪械锌褉芯褋褌懈泄 褕谢褟褏 褋褌胁芯褉褞胁邪褌懈 褋胁褨褌 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯褩 锌芯褋褌邪褌褨, 薪邪锌芯胁薪褞胁邪褌懈 泄芯谐芯 褨薪褕懈屑懈 (薪械 屑械薪褕 蟹薪邪泻芯胁懈屑懈) 锌芯褋褌邪褌褟屑懈, 屑芯写械谢褞胁邪褌懈 泄 锌褉懈锌褍褋泻邪褌懈, 褋褌邪胁懈褌懈 蟹邪锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 锌褉芯 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜 泄 褕褍泻邪褌懈 邪褉谐褍屑械薪褌懈. 袦械薪褨 锌芯写芯斜邪谢芯褋褟 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褉芯蟹写褨谢懈 锌褉芯 褨薪褌械谢械泻褌褍邪谢褜薪褨 锌芯褕褍泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褋锌褉芯斜懈 芯褋褨褋褌懈 胁 校泻褉邪褩薪褨, 谢褨泻褍胁邪薪薪褟 泄 谢懈褋褌褍胁邪薪薪褟, 卸懈褌褌褟 袙褨写薪褟 褍 褔邪褋 蟹屑褨薪. 袙芯写薪芯褔邪褋 屑械薪褨 斜褍谢邪 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 薪械褑褨泻邪胁邪 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸泻邪-褎褨谢芯谢芯谐懈薪褟 蟹 屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪懈屑懈 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪屑懈 啸啸袉 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟. 携泻褖芯 褋胁褨褌 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 卸懈胁懈泄, 褌芯 胁芯薪邪 褋褨褉邪, 薪褍写薪邪, 薪械胁懈褉邪蟹薪邪, 邪 褩褩 屑芯褌懈胁邪褑褨褟 写芯褋谢褨写卸褍胁邪谢懈 袥懈锌懈褋褜泻芯谐芯 屑邪谢芯蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪. 携泻斜懈 褑械 斜褍胁 褌械泻褋褌 薪邪 100 褋褌芯褉褨薪芯泻 谢懈褕械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 褟 斜褍谢邪 斜懈 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 褖邪褋谢懈胁芯褞 褔懈褌邪褔泻芯褞, 邪 褌邪泻 褟 蟹屑褍褕械薪邪 褌械锌械褉 屑褨褉泻褍胁邪褌懈 锌褉芯 屑芯褌懈胁邪褑褨褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 蟹邪薪褍褉褞胁邪褌懈 薪邪褋 褍 褋胁褨褌 褑褨褦褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 邪谢械 薪械褏邪泄 屑懈 褔懈褌邪褔褨 屑芯卸械屑芯 锌褉懈泄屑邪褌懈 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁, 械屑锌邪褌褍胁邪褌懈 褩屑, 胁褨写泻懈写邪褌懈, 薪邪胁褨褌褜 锌械褉械谐芯褉褌褍胁邪褌懈 褋褌芯褉褨薪泻懈, 邪谢械 卸 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 褌懈褋褟褔 蟹薪邪泻褨胁 卸懈谢邪 蟹 褑褨褦褞 谐械褉芯褩薪械褞 褨 褩泄 斜褍谢芯 褑械 褑褨泻邪胁芯 鈥� 褔懈屑, 褔芯屑褍, 薪邪胁褨褖芯? 袦械薪械 褍 褑褜芯屑褍 胁懈锌邪写泻褍 泻褍褏薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褏胁懈谢褞褦 褨 褑褨泻邪胁懈褌褜 斜褨谢褜褕械, 薪褨卸 胁谢邪褋薪械 胁锌芯写芯斜邪薪薪褟.
February 23, 2017
袨写薪邪 蟹 薪邪泄褋褍锌械褉械褔谢懈胁褨褕懈褏 泻薪懈谐 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褉芯泻褍 鈥� 褉芯屑邪薪, 褟泻懈泄 芯褌褉懈屑邪胁 褨 锌褉械褋褌懈卸薪褍 薪邪谐芯褉芯写褍 芦袣薪懈谐邪 褉芯泻褍-BBC禄, 褨 邪薪褌懈锌褉械屑褨褞 芦袟芯谢芯褌邪 斜褍谢褜泻邪禄. 袉, 蟹邪 屑芯褩屑 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟屑, 芯斜懈写胁褨 胁褨写蟹薪邪泻懈 鈥� 褑褨谢泻芯屑 蟹邪褋谢褍卸械薪褨.袘芯 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 屑邪褦 褟泻 斜械蟹褍屑芯胁薪褨 锌谢褞褋懈, 褌邪泻 褨 芯褔械胁懈写薪褨 屑褨薪褍褋懈, 褟泻褨, 屑芯胁 褉械锌鈥櫻徰埿盒�, 写芯 褑懈褏 锌谢褞褋懈泻褨胁 褔褨锌谢褟褞褌褜褋褟. 袙褨薪 屑械薪褨 薪邪谐邪写邪胁 薪械 写褍卸械 写芯斜褉械 褋泻谢邪写械薪懈泄 泻芯谢邪卸, 褖芯 胁 写械褟泻懈褏 屑褨褋褑褟褏 薪械 褌褉懈屑邪褦褌褜褋褟 泻褍锌懈. 袗谢械, 锌芯锌褉懈 褑械, 泄芯谐芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯 褉芯蟹谐谢褟写邪褌懈.
袪芯屑邪薪 褋泻谢邪写邪褦褌褜褋褟 褨蟹 写胁芯褏 褋褞卸械褌薪懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄. 袩械褉褕邪 芯锌懈褋褍褦 卸懈褌褌褟 芦锌芯谢褜褋褜泻芯谐芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褟禄 (褔懈 褌芯 芦褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌芯谢褟泻邪禄?) 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� (袙邪褑谢邪胁邪) 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹 屑芯屑械薪褌褍 泄芯谐芯 褋邪屑芯胁懈蟹薪邪褔械薪薪褟. 袟谢邪屑 褋褌芯谢褨褌褜, 褉芯蟹锌邪写 褨屑锌械褉褨泄, 褉械胁芯谢褞褑褨褩 芯写薪邪 蟹邪 芯写薪芯褞 鈥� 褍胁械褋褜 褑械泄 斜褍褉械屑薪懈泄 锌芯褔邪褌芯泻 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟 屑邪谢褞褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪屑 泻褉褨蟹褜 写芯谢褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 泄芯谐芯 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁. 袛褉褍谐邪 鈥� 褑械 屑邪泄卸械-褋褍褔邪褋薪械 卸懈褌褌褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 屑芯谢芯写芯褩 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褨, 褟泻邪 褋褌褉邪卸写邪褦 胁褨写 锌邪薪褨褔薪懈褏 邪褌邪泻 褨 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁芯褞 锌芯褉懈薪邪褦 褍 褉械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍褞胁邪薪薪褟 写芯谢褨 褑褜芯谐芯 蟹邪谐邪写泻芯胁芯谐芯 褨 屑邪泄卸械 蟹邪斜褍褌芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪. 些芯 屑褨卸 薪懈屑懈 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯谐芯? 袧械褋锌芯写褨胁邪薪懈泄 锌械褉械褌懈薪 褍 褔邪褋褨: 芯斜芯褦 薪邪褉芯写懈谢懈褋褟 17 泻胁褨褌薪褟.
袉 芯褌 锌芯褔械褉谐芯胁芯 褩褏薪褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褉芯蟹谐芯褉褌邪褞褌褜褋褟 锌械褉械写 薪邪屑懈. 袉薪芯写褨 鈥� 锌械褉械锌谢褍褌褍褞褌褜褋褟: 褖芯泄薪芯 泄褕谢芯褋褟 锌褉芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻褍, 邪 屑懈 胁卸械 蟹薪芯胁褍 褋锌芯褋褌械褉褨谐邪褦屑芯 蟹邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈屑. 袩械褉械褏芯写懈 鈥� 薪械 写褍卸械 锌谢邪胁薪褨, 锌邪褉邪谢械谢褨 鈥� 薪械 写芯褋懈褌褜 褔褨褌泻褨. 啸芯褔邪 写械褋褜 褌邪泻懈 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢芯, 褖芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 胁褌褨泻邪褦 褍 卸懈褌褌褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌褉懈斜谢懈蟹薪芯 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯, 褟泻 褨 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁褌褨泻邪褦 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 鈥� 锌芯-锌械褉褕械, 褖芯斜 胁褌械泻褌懈 胁褨写 褋械斜械, 锌芯-写褉褍谐械, 褖芯斜 褋械斜械 蟹薪邪泄褌懈.
袘械蟹蟹邪锌械褉械褔薪懈屑 锌谢褞褋芯屑 褦 褌邪 褌械屑邪, 褟泻褍 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 芯斜褉邪谢邪 写谢褟 写芯褋谢褨写卸械薪薪褟. 袩芯褋褌邪褌褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 写褍卸械 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褨 谐械褌褜 屑邪谢芯胁褨写芯屑邪 锌械褉械褋褨褔薪懈屑 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褟屑. 孝邪薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 锌芯褋褌邪褉邪谢邪褋褟 屑邪泻褋懈屑邪谢褜薪芯, 蟹 泄芯谐芯 锌褉邪褑褜, 谢懈褋褌褨胁, 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁, 褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 锌褉芯 薪褜芯谐芯 褌邪 谐邪蟹械褌, 褉械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍褞胁邪褌懈 卸懈褌褌褟 屑懈褋谢懈褌械谢褟, 锌褉懈褏懈谢褜薪懈泻邪 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨褩 褨 褌械蟹懈 锌褉芯 褌械, 褖芯 薪邪褉芯写芯屑 薪邪褉芯写 褉芯斜懈褌褜 薪械 褋锌褨谢褜薪邪 褉械谢褨谐褨褟, 锌芯褏芯写卸械薪薪褟 褔懈 薪邪胁褨褌褜 屑芯胁邪, 邪 褌邪 蟹械屑谢褟, 邪 褟泻褨泄 薪邪褉芯写 卸懈胁械 (邪谢械 屑芯胁褍, 胁芯褔械胁懈写褜, 胁褨薪 褌邪泻懈 胁胁邪卸邪胁 胁懈蟹薪邪褔邪谢褜薪懈屑 褎邪泻褌芯褉芯屑, 邪写卸械 褉芯蟹屑芯胁谢褟胁 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褞). 效邪褋芯屑 褋褑械薪懈 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褟泻褨 褋褌芯褋褍褞褌褜褋褟 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯褩 谢褨薪褨褩, 褑褨谢泻芯屑 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褏褍写芯卸薪褨, 邪谢械 褨薪芯写褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褖芯 褔懈褌邪褦褕 锌褍斜谢褨褑懈褋褌懈泻褍 褔懈 褌褨 卸 褌邪泻懈 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻懈 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁. 袟褉械褕褌芯褞,褑械 泄 蟹邪泻懈写邪褞褌褜 邪胁褌芯褉褑褨: 屑芯胁谢褟胁, 屑邪谢芯 褏褍写芯卸薪芯褋褌褨, 蟹 褌邪泻懈屑 卸械 褍褋锌褨褏芯屑 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 锌芯褔懈褌邪褌懈 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻懈 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪, 薪邪锌褉懈泻谢邪写. 袗谢械 鈥� 斜褍写褜屑芯 胁褨写胁械褉褌懈屑懈! 鈥� 褩褏 褔懈褌邪褌懈屑褍褌褜 谢懈褕械 褌褨, 褏褌芯 屑邪褦 褎邪褏芯胁懈泄 褨薪褌械褉械褋. 袗 芯褌 褉芯屑邪薪 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁懈褌褜 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 斜褨谢褜褕械 谢褞写械泄.
袦械薪褨, 褔械褋薪芯 泻邪卸褍褔懈,斜褍谢芯 写褍卸械 褑褨泻邪胁芯. 笑褨泻邪胁芯 写褨蟹薪邪褌懈褋褟 薪械 谢懈褕械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 邪 泄 锌褉芯 褍褋褨褏 褨薪褕懈褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 褨薪褌械谢械泻褌褍邪谢褨胁, 褟泻褨 屑邪谢懈 写胁褨 褋锌褨谢褜薪褨 斜褨写懈 鈥� 褌褍斜械褉泻褍谢褜芯蟹 褨 褉芯褋褨泄褋褜泻械 褋邪屑芯写械褉卸邪胁鈥櫻�. 袧邪 褋褌芯褉褨薪泻邪褏 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褌懈 袦懈褏邪泄谢邪 袚褉褍褕械胁褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褟泻懈泄 褌邪泻 写斜邪胁 锌褉芯 薪械褉褍褕懈屑褨褋褌褜 褋胁芯谐芯 邪胁褌芯褉懈褌械褌褍, 褖芯 芯锌褍褋泻邪胁褋褟 写芯 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 锌褨写谢懈褏 褍褔懈薪泻褨胁; 斜芯卸械胁褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 褨 褋屑械褉写褞褔芯谐芯 袉胁邪薪邪 肖褉邪薪泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 薪邪谐褉褟薪褍胁 写芯 袣懈褦胁褨 褨 胁褋褨屑 卸邪谢褨胁褋褟, 褖芯 褍 袥褜胁芯胁褨 泄芯谐芯 胁褋褞写懈 锌械褉械褋谢褨写褍褦 袛褉邪谐芯屑邪薪芯胁 鈥� 褋懈写懈褌褜 薪邪 写邪褏邪褏 斜褍写懈薪泻褨胁 褨 薪芯谐邪屑懈 写褉懈谐邪褦 (褨 写邪褉屑邪, 褖芯 褌芯泄 锌芯屑械褉 15 褉芯泻褨胁 褌芯屑褍); 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 芦锌芯谢褨褌懈泻褨胁禄 褉械胁芯谢褞褑褨泄薪芯谐芯 褉芯蟹谢懈胁褍, 褔谢械薪褨胁 褍褉褟写褨胁 袛懈褉械泻褌芯褉褨褩, 校袧袪, 袚械褌褜屑邪薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁懈, 锌芯褉褨胁薪褟薪芯 蟹 褟泻懈屑懈 薪邪褕褨 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨 锌芯谢褨褌懈泻懈 褖械 写褍卸械 锌芯褉褟写薪褨 芯褋芯斜懈:
芦袚芯褋褌褨 谐芯谢芯褋薪芯 褉械谐芯褌邪谢懈, 蟹 芯写褟谐褍 屑邪谢懈 薪邪 褋芯斜褨 写械泻芯谢懈 锌芯 写胁褨 薪芯褉泻芯胁褨 褕褍斜懈, 褍 褌芯褉斜邪褏 写蟹械薪褜泻芯褌褨谢芯 锌褉懈褏芯锌谢械薪械 蟹 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 褋褌芯谢芯胁械 褋褉褨斜谢芯, 薪邪 卸褨薪芯褔懈褏 褕懈褟褏 褨 锌懈褕薪懈褏 谐褉褍写褟褏 胁邪卸薪褨谢懈 锌芯 泻褨谢褜泻邪 蟹芯谢芯褌懈褏 谢邪薪褑褞卸泻褨胁 蟹 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪懈屑懈 蟹芯谢芯褌懈屑懈 褏褉械褋褌邪屑懈. 孝褉懈胁邪谢芯 芦胁械谢懈泻械 锌械褉械褋械谢械薪薪褟 薪邪褉芯写褨胁禄, 屑邪褋芯胁懈泄 芦褨褋褏芯写禄 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械屑芯泻褉邪褌褨褩 蟹邪泻芯褉写芯薪.
袩褉懈斜褍谢褜褑褨 锌芯胁芯写懈谢懈褋褜 褍 谐芯谢芯写薪芯屑褍 袙褨写薪褨, 褟泻 胁械谢懈泻褨 褋械薪褜泄芯褉懈, 褌褉懈薪褜泻邪褞褔懈 锌芯 谐芯褌械谢褟褏 褨 褉械褋褌芯褉邪褑褨褟褏 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨 谐褉芯褕褨 褨 蟹邪斜邪胁谢褟褞褔懈褋褜 褌邪泻, 褖芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨胁 锌芯褔邪谢懈 胁胁邪卸邪褌懈 蟹邪 褟泻褍褋褜 斜邪谐邪褌褍 薪邪褑褨褞, 写械褋褜 褌邪泻褍 斜邪谐邪褌褍, 褟泻 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褑褨, 邪谢械 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 屑械薪褕 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪褍. 袟邪 薪懈屑懈 蟹邪泻褉褨锌懈谢邪褋褟 薪邪褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 锌芯谐邪薪邪 褋谢邪胁邪, 褖芯 胁褨写械薪褋褜泻褨 谐芯褌械谢褟褉褨 褟泻懈泄褋褜 褔邪褋 褍蟹邪谐邪谢褨 胁褨写屑芯胁谢褟谢懈褋褟 锌褉懈泄屑邪褌懈 胁 褋械斜械 芯褋褨斜 蟹 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈屑懈 锌邪褋锌芯褉褌邪屑懈.禄
孝芯卸 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 褉芯屑邪薪褍 褋锌褉邪胁写褨 锌褨蟹薪邪胁邪谢褜薪邪. 些芯 卸 写芯 褏褍写芯卸薪褜芯褩 褑褨薪薪芯褋褌褨 鈥� 褍 屑械薪械 褦 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟, 斜芯, 褟泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褋褌懈谢褨褋褌懈褔薪邪 褑褨谢褨褋薪褨褋褌褜 褍 薪褨泄 薪械 胁懈褌褉懈屑邪薪邪. 袧邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜 芦褋褍褔邪褋薪邪禄 谢褨薪褨褟 胁 褏褍写芯卸薪褜芯屑褍 锌谢邪薪褨 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁褨褕邪. 袙芯薪邪 斜褨谢褜褕 褖懈褉邪, 薪邪锌芯胁薪械薪邪 锌褉邪胁写懈胁懈屑懈 械屑芯褑褨褟屑懈 褨 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褟屑懈, 褟褋泻褉邪胁懈屑懈 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉邪屑懈. 袙芯薪邪 蟹邪褌褟谐褍褦. 袊泄 胁褨褉懈褕. 袗谢械 锌褉懈 泄褜芯屑褍 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰斞傃屟佈� 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褖芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褍 薪褨泄 褌褉芯褏懈 蟹邪泄胁懈泄.
袦械薪褨 蟹写邪谢芯褋褟, 褖芯 胁 褟泻褨褋褜 屑芯屑械薪褌懈 褉芯屑邪薪 褋褌邪褦 褏邪芯褌懈褔薪懈屑 薪邪谐褉芯屑邪写卸械薪薪褟屑 褋褑械薪. 孝邪泻, 薪褨斜懈 泻谢褍斜芯褔泻邪屑懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨泄, 蟹 褟泻懈褏 屑邪谢邪 褌泻邪褌懈褋褟 芯锌芯胁褨写褜, 锌芯谐褉邪谢芯褋褟 泻芯褕械薪褟.袉 锌芯泻懈薪褍谢芯 褩褏. 袗 锌芯褌褨屑 褩褏 蟹褨斜褉邪谢懈 鈥� 芯褌邪泻, 褟泻 褦 鈥� 褨 胁懈写邪谢懈. 袘芯 褔械褉谐褍胁邪薪薪褟 褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 谐械褉芯褩薪褨-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 锌褉芯 斜邪斜褍 褔懈 写褨写邪 袘芯屑褔懈泻邪 (褟褋泻褉邪胁懈褏, 锌芯胁薪芯泻褉芯胁薪懈褏) 蟹 褉芯蟹谐谢褟写邪薪薪褟屑 胁谢邪褋薪芯谐芯 胁薪褍褌褉褨褕薪褜芯谐芯 褋胁褨褌褍 褨 褍褉懈胁泻邪屑懈 蟹 谢懈褋褌褨胁-褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁-褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪械 蟹邪胁卸写懈 锌褨写写邪褞褌褜褋褟 谢芯谐褨褑褨. 袗 写械褟泻褨 械锌褨蟹芯写懈 胁蟹邪谐邪谢褨 锌芯胁褌芯褉褞褞褌褜褋褟 写胁褨褔褨. 袦邪泄卸械 写芯褋谢褨胁薪芯.
袙谢邪褋薪械, 屑械薪褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褌褍褌 锌褉芯胁懈薪邪 薪械 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈, 褟泻邪 胁蟹褟谢邪褋褟 蟹邪 薪芯胁懈泄 写谢褟 褋械斜械 卸邪薪褉 褨 锌褉芯胁械谢邪 褋芯谢褨写薪械 写芯褋谢褨写卸械薪薪褟, 褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉邪, 褟泻懈泄 屑邪谢芯 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪胁 (邪斜芯 泄 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 薪械 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪胁) 薪邪写 褌械泻褋褌芯屑 鈥� 褟泻褖芯 褑械泄 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉,蟹胁褨褋薪芯,斜褍胁. 孝芯屑褍 褖芯 芯锌芯胁褨写褜 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 斜 蟹褉芯斜懈褌懈 斜褨谢褜褕 锌谢邪胁薪芯褞, 谢芯谐褨褔薪芯褞 褨 褋褌懈谢褨褋褌懈褔薪芯 褉褨胁薪芯屑褨褉薪芯褞 (褟 薪械 褋褍屑薪褨胁邪褞褋褟, 褖芯 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褑械 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 锌褨写 褋懈谢褍). 袗 褖械 锌懈谢褜薪械 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉褋褜泻械 芯泻芯 褌芯褔薪芯 薪械 锌褉芯锌褍褋褌懈谢芯 胁懈褋谢芯胁褨胁 褌懈锌褍 芦泻芯谢械谐懈 锌芯 褉芯斜芯褌褨禄 褔懈 芦褋屑褍褌薪芯 (褍 蟹薪邪褔械薪薪褨 薪械 芦褋褍屑薪芯禄, 邪 芦薪械褟褋薪芯禄) 锌褉懈谐邪写褍胁邪谢邪禄 鈥� 褍 褕泻褨谢褜薪芯屑褍 蟹芯褕懈褌褨 褩褏 蟹邪蟹胁懈褔邪泄 胁懈写褨谢褟褞褌褜 褔械褉胁芯薪懈屑 褨 蟹邪 薪懈褏 蟹薪懈卸褍褞褌褜 芯褑褨薪泻褍. 袉 胁 褉芯屑邪薪褨 芯写薪褨褦褩 蟹 薪邪泄褑褨泻邪胁褨褕懈褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褜 褩褏 褌械卸 褟泻芯褋褜 薪械 褏芯褔械褌褜褋褟 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔邪褌懈.
袪芯屑邪薪 褋泻谢邪写邪褦褌褜褋褟 褨蟹 写胁芯褏 褋褞卸械褌薪懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄. 袩械褉褕邪 芯锌懈褋褍褦 卸懈褌褌褟 芦锌芯谢褜褋褜泻芯谐芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褟禄 (褔懈 褌芯 芦褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌芯谢褟泻邪禄?) 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� (袙邪褑谢邪胁邪) 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹 屑芯屑械薪褌褍 泄芯谐芯 褋邪屑芯胁懈蟹薪邪褔械薪薪褟. 袟谢邪屑 褋褌芯谢褨褌褜, 褉芯蟹锌邪写 褨屑锌械褉褨泄, 褉械胁芯谢褞褑褨褩 芯写薪邪 蟹邪 芯写薪芯褞 鈥� 褍胁械褋褜 褑械泄 斜褍褉械屑薪懈泄 锌芯褔邪褌芯泻 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟 屑邪谢褞褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪屑 泻褉褨蟹褜 写芯谢褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 泄芯谐芯 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁. 袛褉褍谐邪 鈥� 褑械 屑邪泄卸械-褋褍褔邪褋薪械 卸懈褌褌褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 屑芯谢芯写芯褩 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褨, 褟泻邪 褋褌褉邪卸写邪褦 胁褨写 锌邪薪褨褔薪懈褏 邪褌邪泻 褨 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁芯褞 锌芯褉懈薪邪褦 褍 褉械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍褞胁邪薪薪褟 写芯谢褨 褑褜芯谐芯 蟹邪谐邪写泻芯胁芯谐芯 褨 屑邪泄卸械 蟹邪斜褍褌芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪. 些芯 屑褨卸 薪懈屑懈 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯谐芯? 袧械褋锌芯写褨胁邪薪懈泄 锌械褉械褌懈薪 褍 褔邪褋褨: 芯斜芯褦 薪邪褉芯写懈谢懈褋褟 17 泻胁褨褌薪褟.
袉 芯褌 锌芯褔械褉谐芯胁芯 褩褏薪褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褉芯蟹谐芯褉褌邪褞褌褜褋褟 锌械褉械写 薪邪屑懈. 袉薪芯写褨 鈥� 锌械褉械锌谢褍褌褍褞褌褜褋褟: 褖芯泄薪芯 泄褕谢芯褋褟 锌褉芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻褍, 邪 屑懈 胁卸械 蟹薪芯胁褍 褋锌芯褋褌械褉褨谐邪褦屑芯 蟹邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈屑. 袩械褉械褏芯写懈 鈥� 薪械 写褍卸械 锌谢邪胁薪褨, 锌邪褉邪谢械谢褨 鈥� 薪械 写芯褋懈褌褜 褔褨褌泻褨. 啸芯褔邪 写械褋褜 褌邪泻懈 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢芯, 褖芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 胁褌褨泻邪褦 褍 卸懈褌褌褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌褉懈斜谢懈蟹薪芯 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯, 褟泻 褨 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁褌褨泻邪褦 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 鈥� 锌芯-锌械褉褕械, 褖芯斜 胁褌械泻褌懈 胁褨写 褋械斜械, 锌芯-写褉褍谐械, 褖芯斜 褋械斜械 蟹薪邪泄褌懈.
袘械蟹蟹邪锌械褉械褔薪懈屑 锌谢褞褋芯屑 褦 褌邪 褌械屑邪, 褟泻褍 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 芯斜褉邪谢邪 写谢褟 写芯褋谢褨写卸械薪薪褟. 袩芯褋褌邪褌褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 写褍卸械 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褨 谐械褌褜 屑邪谢芯胁褨写芯屑邪 锌械褉械褋褨褔薪懈屑 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褟屑. 孝邪薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 锌芯褋褌邪褉邪谢邪褋褟 屑邪泻褋懈屑邪谢褜薪芯, 蟹 泄芯谐芯 锌褉邪褑褜, 谢懈褋褌褨胁, 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁, 褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 锌褉芯 薪褜芯谐芯 褌邪 谐邪蟹械褌, 褉械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍褞胁邪褌懈 卸懈褌褌褟 屑懈褋谢懈褌械谢褟, 锌褉懈褏懈谢褜薪懈泻邪 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨褩 褨 褌械蟹懈 锌褉芯 褌械, 褖芯 薪邪褉芯写芯屑 薪邪褉芯写 褉芯斜懈褌褜 薪械 褋锌褨谢褜薪邪 褉械谢褨谐褨褟, 锌芯褏芯写卸械薪薪褟 褔懈 薪邪胁褨褌褜 屑芯胁邪, 邪 褌邪 蟹械屑谢褟, 邪 褟泻褨泄 薪邪褉芯写 卸懈胁械 (邪谢械 屑芯胁褍, 胁芯褔械胁懈写褜, 胁褨薪 褌邪泻懈 胁胁邪卸邪胁 胁懈蟹薪邪褔邪谢褜薪懈屑 褎邪泻褌芯褉芯屑, 邪写卸械 褉芯蟹屑芯胁谢褟胁 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褞). 效邪褋芯屑 褋褑械薪懈 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褟泻褨 褋褌芯褋褍褞褌褜褋褟 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯褩 谢褨薪褨褩, 褑褨谢泻芯屑 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褏褍写芯卸薪褨, 邪谢械 褨薪芯写褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褖芯 褔懈褌邪褦褕 锌褍斜谢褨褑懈褋褌懈泻褍 褔懈 褌褨 卸 褌邪泻懈 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻懈 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁. 袟褉械褕褌芯褞,褑械 泄 蟹邪泻懈写邪褞褌褜 邪胁褌芯褉褑褨: 屑芯胁谢褟胁, 屑邪谢芯 褏褍写芯卸薪芯褋褌褨, 蟹 褌邪泻懈屑 卸械 褍褋锌褨褏芯屑 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 锌褉芯褋褌芯 锌芯褔懈褌邪褌懈 褖芯写械薪薪懈泻懈 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻邪, 薪邪锌褉懈泻谢邪写. 袗谢械 鈥� 斜褍写褜屑芯 胁褨写胁械褉褌懈屑懈! 鈥� 褩褏 褔懈褌邪褌懈屑褍褌褜 谢懈褕械 褌褨, 褏褌芯 屑邪褦 褎邪褏芯胁懈泄 褨薪褌械褉械褋. 袗 芯褌 褉芯屑邪薪 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁懈褌褜 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 斜褨谢褜褕械 谢褞写械泄.
袦械薪褨, 褔械褋薪芯 泻邪卸褍褔懈,斜褍谢芯 写褍卸械 褑褨泻邪胁芯. 笑褨泻邪胁芯 写褨蟹薪邪褌懈褋褟 薪械 谢懈褕械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 邪 泄 锌褉芯 褍褋褨褏 褨薪褕懈褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 褨薪褌械谢械泻褌褍邪谢褨胁, 褟泻褨 屑邪谢懈 写胁褨 褋锌褨谢褜薪褨 斜褨写懈 鈥� 褌褍斜械褉泻褍谢褜芯蟹 褨 褉芯褋褨泄褋褜泻械 褋邪屑芯写械褉卸邪胁鈥櫻�. 袧邪 褋褌芯褉褨薪泻邪褏 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褌懈 袦懈褏邪泄谢邪 袚褉褍褕械胁褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褟泻懈泄 褌邪泻 写斜邪胁 锌褉芯 薪械褉褍褕懈屑褨褋褌褜 褋胁芯谐芯 邪胁褌芯褉懈褌械褌褍, 褖芯 芯锌褍褋泻邪胁褋褟 写芯 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 锌褨写谢懈褏 褍褔懈薪泻褨胁; 斜芯卸械胁褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 褨 褋屑械褉写褞褔芯谐芯 袉胁邪薪邪 肖褉邪薪泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 薪邪谐褉褟薪褍胁 写芯 袣懈褦胁褨 褨 胁褋褨屑 卸邪谢褨胁褋褟, 褖芯 褍 袥褜胁芯胁褨 泄芯谐芯 胁褋褞写懈 锌械褉械褋谢褨写褍褦 袛褉邪谐芯屑邪薪芯胁 鈥� 褋懈写懈褌褜 薪邪 写邪褏邪褏 斜褍写懈薪泻褨胁 褨 薪芯谐邪屑懈 写褉懈谐邪褦 (褨 写邪褉屑邪, 褖芯 褌芯泄 锌芯屑械褉 15 褉芯泻褨胁 褌芯屑褍); 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 芦锌芯谢褨褌懈泻褨胁禄 褉械胁芯谢褞褑褨泄薪芯谐芯 褉芯蟹谢懈胁褍, 褔谢械薪褨胁 褍褉褟写褨胁 袛懈褉械泻褌芯褉褨褩, 校袧袪, 袚械褌褜屑邪薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁懈, 锌芯褉褨胁薪褟薪芯 蟹 褟泻懈屑懈 薪邪褕褨 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨 锌芯谢褨褌懈泻懈 褖械 写褍卸械 锌芯褉褟写薪褨 芯褋芯斜懈:
芦袚芯褋褌褨 谐芯谢芯褋薪芯 褉械谐芯褌邪谢懈, 蟹 芯写褟谐褍 屑邪谢懈 薪邪 褋芯斜褨 写械泻芯谢懈 锌芯 写胁褨 薪芯褉泻芯胁褨 褕褍斜懈, 褍 褌芯褉斜邪褏 写蟹械薪褜泻芯褌褨谢芯 锌褉懈褏芯锌谢械薪械 蟹 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 褋褌芯谢芯胁械 褋褉褨斜谢芯, 薪邪 卸褨薪芯褔懈褏 褕懈褟褏 褨 锌懈褕薪懈褏 谐褉褍写褟褏 胁邪卸薪褨谢懈 锌芯 泻褨谢褜泻邪 蟹芯谢芯褌懈褏 谢邪薪褑褞卸泻褨胁 蟹 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪懈屑懈 蟹芯谢芯褌懈屑懈 褏褉械褋褌邪屑懈. 孝褉懈胁邪谢芯 芦胁械谢懈泻械 锌械褉械褋械谢械薪薪褟 薪邪褉芯写褨胁禄, 屑邪褋芯胁懈泄 芦褨褋褏芯写禄 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械屑芯泻褉邪褌褨褩 蟹邪泻芯褉写芯薪.
袩褉懈斜褍谢褜褑褨 锌芯胁芯写懈谢懈褋褜 褍 谐芯谢芯写薪芯屑褍 袙褨写薪褨, 褟泻 胁械谢懈泻褨 褋械薪褜泄芯褉懈, 褌褉懈薪褜泻邪褞褔懈 锌芯 谐芯褌械谢褟褏 褨 褉械褋褌芯褉邪褑褨褟褏 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨 谐褉芯褕褨 褨 蟹邪斜邪胁谢褟褞褔懈褋褜 褌邪泻, 褖芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨胁 锌芯褔邪谢懈 胁胁邪卸邪褌懈 蟹邪 褟泻褍褋褜 斜邪谐邪褌褍 薪邪褑褨褞, 写械褋褜 褌邪泻褍 斜邪谐邪褌褍, 褟泻 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褑褨, 邪谢械 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 屑械薪褕 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪褍. 袟邪 薪懈屑懈 蟹邪泻褉褨锌懈谢邪褋褟 薪邪褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 锌芯谐邪薪邪 褋谢邪胁邪, 褖芯 胁褨写械薪褋褜泻褨 谐芯褌械谢褟褉褨 褟泻懈泄褋褜 褔邪褋 褍蟹邪谐邪谢褨 胁褨写屑芯胁谢褟谢懈褋褟 锌褉懈泄屑邪褌懈 胁 褋械斜械 芯褋褨斜 蟹 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈屑懈 锌邪褋锌芯褉褌邪屑懈.禄
孝芯卸 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 褉芯屑邪薪褍 褋锌褉邪胁写褨 锌褨蟹薪邪胁邪谢褜薪邪. 些芯 卸 写芯 褏褍写芯卸薪褜芯褩 褑褨薪薪芯褋褌褨 鈥� 褍 屑械薪械 褦 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟, 斜芯, 褟泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褋褌懈谢褨褋褌懈褔薪邪 褑褨谢褨褋薪褨褋褌褜 褍 薪褨泄 薪械 胁懈褌褉懈屑邪薪邪. 袧邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜 芦褋褍褔邪褋薪邪禄 谢褨薪褨褟 胁 褏褍写芯卸薪褜芯屑褍 锌谢邪薪褨 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁褨褕邪. 袙芯薪邪 斜褨谢褜褕 褖懈褉邪, 薪邪锌芯胁薪械薪邪 锌褉邪胁写懈胁懈屑懈 械屑芯褑褨褟屑懈 褨 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褟屑懈, 褟褋泻褉邪胁懈屑懈 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉邪屑懈. 袙芯薪邪 蟹邪褌褟谐褍褦. 袊泄 胁褨褉懈褕. 袗谢械 锌褉懈 泄褜芯屑褍 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰斞傃屟佈� 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褖芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褍 薪褨泄 褌褉芯褏懈 蟹邪泄胁懈泄.
袦械薪褨 蟹写邪谢芯褋褟, 褖芯 胁 褟泻褨褋褜 屑芯屑械薪褌懈 褉芯屑邪薪 褋褌邪褦 褏邪芯褌懈褔薪懈屑 薪邪谐褉芯屑邪写卸械薪薪褟屑 褋褑械薪. 孝邪泻, 薪褨斜懈 泻谢褍斜芯褔泻邪屑懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨泄, 蟹 褟泻懈褏 屑邪谢邪 褌泻邪褌懈褋褟 芯锌芯胁褨写褜, 锌芯谐褉邪谢芯褋褟 泻芯褕械薪褟.袉 锌芯泻懈薪褍谢芯 褩褏. 袗 锌芯褌褨屑 褩褏 蟹褨斜褉邪谢懈 鈥� 芯褌邪泻, 褟泻 褦 鈥� 褨 胁懈写邪谢懈. 袘芯 褔械褉谐褍胁邪薪薪褟 褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 谐械褉芯褩薪褨-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 锌褉芯 斜邪斜褍 褔懈 写褨写邪 袘芯屑褔懈泻邪 (褟褋泻褉邪胁懈褏, 锌芯胁薪芯泻褉芯胁薪懈褏) 蟹 褉芯蟹谐谢褟写邪薪薪褟屑 胁谢邪褋薪芯谐芯 胁薪褍褌褉褨褕薪褜芯谐芯 褋胁褨褌褍 褨 褍褉懈胁泻邪屑懈 蟹 谢懈褋褌褨胁-褖芯写械薪薪懈泻褨胁-褋锌芯谐邪写褨胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪械 蟹邪胁卸写懈 锌褨写写邪褞褌褜褋褟 谢芯谐褨褑褨. 袗 写械褟泻褨 械锌褨蟹芯写懈 胁蟹邪谐邪谢褨 锌芯胁褌芯褉褞褞褌褜褋褟 写胁褨褔褨. 袦邪泄卸械 写芯褋谢褨胁薪芯.
袙谢邪褋薪械, 屑械薪褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褌褍褌 锌褉芯胁懈薪邪 薪械 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈, 褟泻邪 胁蟹褟谢邪褋褟 蟹邪 薪芯胁懈泄 写谢褟 褋械斜械 卸邪薪褉 褨 锌褉芯胁械谢邪 褋芯谢褨写薪械 写芯褋谢褨写卸械薪薪褟, 褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉邪, 褟泻懈泄 屑邪谢芯 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪胁 (邪斜芯 泄 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 薪械 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪胁) 薪邪写 褌械泻褋褌芯屑 鈥� 褟泻褖芯 褑械泄 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉,蟹胁褨褋薪芯,斜褍胁. 孝芯屑褍 褖芯 芯锌芯胁褨写褜 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 斜 蟹褉芯斜懈褌懈 斜褨谢褜褕 锌谢邪胁薪芯褞, 谢芯谐褨褔薪芯褞 褨 褋褌懈谢褨褋褌懈褔薪芯 褉褨胁薪芯屑褨褉薪芯褞 (褟 薪械 褋褍屑薪褨胁邪褞褋褟, 褖芯 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褑械 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯 锌褨写 褋懈谢褍). 袗 褖械 锌懈谢褜薪械 褉械写邪泻褌芯褉褋褜泻械 芯泻芯 褌芯褔薪芯 薪械 锌褉芯锌褍褋褌懈谢芯 胁懈褋谢芯胁褨胁 褌懈锌褍 芦泻芯谢械谐懈 锌芯 褉芯斜芯褌褨禄 褔懈 芦褋屑褍褌薪芯 (褍 蟹薪邪褔械薪薪褨 薪械 芦褋褍屑薪芯禄, 邪 芦薪械褟褋薪芯禄) 锌褉懈谐邪写褍胁邪谢邪禄 鈥� 褍 褕泻褨谢褜薪芯屑褍 蟹芯褕懈褌褨 褩褏 蟹邪蟹胁懈褔邪泄 胁懈写褨谢褟褞褌褜 褔械褉胁芯薪懈屑 褨 蟹邪 薪懈褏 蟹薪懈卸褍褞褌褜 芯褑褨薪泻褍. 袉 胁 褉芯屑邪薪褨 芯写薪褨褦褩 蟹 薪邪泄褑褨泻邪胁褨褕懈褏 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈褏 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈褑褜 褩褏 褌械卸 褟泻芯褋褜 薪械 褏芯褔械褌褜褋褟 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔邪褌懈.
August 31, 2020
袟邪蟹胁懈褔邪泄 褟 写褨谢褞褋褟 胁褨写锌芯胁褨写褟屑懈, 褟泻褨 芯褌褉懈屑邪谢邪 锌褨褋谢褟 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 泻薪懈谐懈. 笑褜芯谐芯 褉邪蟹褍 写褨谢懈褌懈屑褍褋褜 蟹邪锌懈褌邪薪薪褟屑懈.
袩械褉褕械 褨 芯褋薪芯胁薪械 - 褔芯屑褍 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 胁懈褉褨褕懈谢邪 锌芯褦写薪邪褌懈 斜械谢械褌褉懈蟹芯胁邪薪褍 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹 (褟 褌邪泻 褉芯蟹褍屑褨褞) 胁谢邪褋薪芯褞 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褦褞? 携泻懈泄 蟹胁'褟蟹芯泻 屑褨卸 褑懈屑懈 写胁芯屑邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟屑懈, 泻褉褨屑 褌芯谐芯, 褖芯 胁褉械褕褌褨 屑懈 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟, 褟泻懈屑 薪械锌褉芯褋褌懈屑 泄 褌械褉薪懈褋褌懈屑 斜褍胁 褕谢褟褏 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 (邪胁褌芯褉泻懈?) 胁褨写 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁谢械薪薪褟 锌芯褋褌邪褌褌褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 写芯 褉械邪谢褨蟹邪褑褨褩 褑褜芯谐芯 蟹邪写褍屑褍. 袙谢邪褋薪械, 褟泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褑械 写褍卸械 褉芯蟹谐芯褉薪褍褌邪 邪胁褌芯褉褋褜泻邪 锌械褉械写屑芯胁邪, 褟泻邪 胁锌谢械谢邪褋褟 褍 褌褨谢芯 褌械泻褋褌褍. 袦芯褩 胁邪褉褨邪薪褌懈 胁褨写锌芯胁褨写褨 薪邪 褑械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 写褍卸械 锌褉芯褋褌褨: 斜械蟹 写胁芯褏 褔邪褋芯胁懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄 褉芯屑邪薪 褋褌邪胁 斜懈 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪懈屑. 袗 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 锌褉芯蟹邪 - 褌芯 薪械 胁懈褋芯泻邪 锌芯谢懈褑褟, 褟泻 屑懈 蟹胁懈泻谢懈 褔褍褌懈. 啸褌芯 卸 褏芯褔械 锌懈褋邪褌懈 薪械 胁懈褋芯泻褍?
袛褉褍谐械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟: 褔懈 胁懈泻谢懈泻邪胁 斜懈 褑械泄 褌械泻褋褌 褌邪泻懈泄 蟹邪褏胁邪褌 褌邪 褋褏胁邪谢械薪薪褟, 褟泻斜懈 泄褕谢芯褋褟 褍 薪褜芯屑褍 薪械 锌褉芯 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯 谐械褉芯褟, 薪械 锌褉芯 胁懈褋芯泻褨 褨写械邪谢懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褌胁邪 褌邪 斜芯褉芯褌褜斜褍 蟹邪 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜? 些芯斜 泄褕谢芯褋褟, 褋泻邪卸褨屑芯, 薪械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 锌芯谢褟泻邪, 蟹邪泻芯褏邪薪芯谐芯 胁 校泻褉邪褩薪褍, 褟泻懈泄 锌芯卸械褉褌胁褍胁邪胁 褍褋褨屑 褍 卸懈褌褌褨 蟹邪褉邪写懈 褋褌邪薪芯胁谢械薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨褩, 邪 锌褉芯 谢褞写懈薪褍 蟹 锌褉芯褌懈谢械卸薪懈屑懈 锌芯谐谢褟写邪屑懈. 袧邪胁褉褟写.
校 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 锌褉械泻褉邪褋薪懈泄 褋褌懈谢褜, 褉芯屑邪薪 褔懈褌邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪写蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪芯 谢械谐泻芯, 胁褨薪 芯斜胁芯谢褨泻褍褦 褨 褌褉懈屑邪褦. 袦懈 斜邪褔懈屑芯 褌褍褌 蟹邪褏胁邪褌 褨 褉芯蟹褔邪褉褍胁邪薪薪褟, 锌芯褕褍泻 褌邪 斜褨谢褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 屑懈 褋锌褨胁褔褍胁邪褦屑芯 泄芯屑褍 胁褋褨褦褞 写褍褕械褞. 袦懈 褋锌褨胁锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褦屑芯 蟹邪泻芯褏邪薪芯褋褌褟屑 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 (邪胁褌芯褉泻懈?), 褩褩 蟹谢械褌邪屑 褌邪 锌邪写褨薪薪褟屑, 褩褩 薪械胁写邪谢懈屑 褋褌芯褋褍薪泻邪屑, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟屑 卸懈褌褌褟 褨 卸邪褏褍 褩褩 褋褨屑'褩 褌邪 褩褩 胁谢邪褋薪芯褩. 袦懈 薪械褋械屑芯褋褟 薪邪 褏胁懈谢褟褏 褑褜芯谐芯 斜褍褉褏谢懈胁芯谐芯 屑芯褉褟. 袘芯 屑懈, 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨, 谢褞斜懈屑 褋褌褉邪卸写械薪薪懈褏. 袧邪褕褨 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪褨 谐械褉芯褩 芯斜芯胁'褟蟹泻芯胁芯 屑褍褋褟褌褜 褋褌褉邪卸写邪褌懈. 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褋褌褉邪卸写邪胁 蟹邪 校泻褉邪褩薪褍. 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 - 褔械褉械蟹 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯.
袗谢械 锌褨褋谢褟 胁褋褜芯谐芯 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪芯谐芯 谢懈褕邪褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褖芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹薪邪褦 斜芯谢褜芯胁褨 褌芯褔泻懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褔懈褌邪褔邪 - 褌械屑懈, 褟泻褨 芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪芯 蟹邪褔褨锌邪褞褌褜 蟹邪 卸懈胁械. 笑械 写芯斜褉械, 斜芯 胁懈褏芯写懈褌褜 写褍卸械 械屑芯褑褨泄薪懈泄 褌械泻褋褌. 袉 薪械写芯斜褉械, 斜芯 褌懈, 褟泻 褔懈褌邪褔, 锌芯蟹斜邪胁谢褟褦褕褋褟 胁懈斜芯褉褍. 携泻 褑械 薪械 锌芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯? 笑械 卸 褌械屑邪, 褖芯 屑邪褦 斜褍褌懈 斜谢懈蟹褜泻芯褞 泻芯卸薪芯屑褍 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑械胁褨! 效懈 屑芯卸械 薪械 锌芯写芯斜邪褌懈褋褟 褌邪泻邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟? 袧褨, 蟹胁褨褋薪芯 薪褨. 袧械 屑芯卸械.
袩械褉褕械 褨 芯褋薪芯胁薪械 - 褔芯屑褍 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 胁懈褉褨褕懈谢邪 锌芯褦写薪邪褌懈 斜械谢械褌褉懈蟹芯胁邪薪褍 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹 (褟 褌邪泻 褉芯蟹褍屑褨褞) 胁谢邪褋薪芯褞 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褦褞? 携泻懈泄 蟹胁'褟蟹芯泻 屑褨卸 褑懈屑懈 写胁芯屑邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟屑懈, 泻褉褨屑 褌芯谐芯, 褖芯 胁褉械褕褌褨 屑懈 写褨蟹薪邪褦屑芯褋褟, 褟泻懈屑 薪械锌褉芯褋褌懈屑 泄 褌械褉薪懈褋褌懈屑 斜褍胁 褕谢褟褏 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 (邪胁褌芯褉泻懈?) 胁褨写 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁谢械薪薪褟 锌芯褋褌邪褌褌褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 写芯 褉械邪谢褨蟹邪褑褨褩 褑褜芯谐芯 蟹邪写褍屑褍. 袙谢邪褋薪械, 褟泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褑械 写褍卸械 褉芯蟹谐芯褉薪褍褌邪 邪胁褌芯褉褋褜泻邪 锌械褉械写屑芯胁邪, 褟泻邪 胁锌谢械谢邪褋褟 褍 褌褨谢芯 褌械泻褋褌褍. 袦芯褩 胁邪褉褨邪薪褌懈 胁褨写锌芯胁褨写褨 薪邪 褑械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 写褍卸械 锌褉芯褋褌褨: 斜械蟹 写胁芯褏 褔邪褋芯胁懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄 褉芯屑邪薪 褋褌邪胁 斜懈 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪懈屑. 袗 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 锌褉芯蟹邪 - 褌芯 薪械 胁懈褋芯泻邪 锌芯谢懈褑褟, 褟泻 屑懈 蟹胁懈泻谢懈 褔褍褌懈. 啸褌芯 卸 褏芯褔械 锌懈褋邪褌懈 薪械 胁懈褋芯泻褍?
袛褉褍谐械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟: 褔懈 胁懈泻谢懈泻邪胁 斜懈 褑械泄 褌械泻褋褌 褌邪泻懈泄 蟹邪褏胁邪褌 褌邪 褋褏胁邪谢械薪薪褟, 褟泻斜懈 泄褕谢芯褋褟 褍 薪褜芯屑褍 薪械 锌褉芯 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯 谐械褉芯褟, 薪械 锌褉芯 胁懈褋芯泻褨 褨写械邪谢懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褌胁邪 褌邪 斜芯褉芯褌褜斜褍 蟹邪 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜? 些芯斜 泄褕谢芯褋褟, 褋泻邪卸褨屑芯, 薪械 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 锌芯谢褟泻邪, 蟹邪泻芯褏邪薪芯谐芯 胁 校泻褉邪褩薪褍, 褟泻懈泄 锌芯卸械褉褌胁褍胁邪胁 褍褋褨屑 褍 卸懈褌褌褨 蟹邪褉邪写懈 褋褌邪薪芯胁谢械薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑芯薪邪褉褏褨褩, 邪 锌褉芯 谢褞写懈薪褍 蟹 锌褉芯褌懈谢械卸薪懈屑懈 锌芯谐谢褟写邪屑懈. 袧邪胁褉褟写.
校 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 锌褉械泻褉邪褋薪懈泄 褋褌懈谢褜, 褉芯屑邪薪 褔懈褌邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪邪写蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪芯 谢械谐泻芯, 胁褨薪 芯斜胁芯谢褨泻褍褦 褨 褌褉懈屑邪褦. 袦懈 斜邪褔懈屑芯 褌褍褌 蟹邪褏胁邪褌 褨 褉芯蟹褔邪褉褍胁邪薪薪褟, 锌芯褕褍泻 褌邪 斜褨谢褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 屑懈 褋锌褨胁褔褍胁邪褦屑芯 泄芯屑褍 胁褋褨褦褞 写褍褕械褞. 袦懈 褋锌褨胁锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褦屑芯 蟹邪泻芯褏邪薪芯褋褌褟屑 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 (邪胁褌芯褉泻懈?), 褩褩 蟹谢械褌邪屑 褌邪 锌邪写褨薪薪褟屑, 褩褩 薪械胁写邪谢懈屑 褋褌芯褋褍薪泻邪屑, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟屑 卸懈褌褌褟 褨 卸邪褏褍 褩褩 褋褨屑'褩 褌邪 褩褩 胁谢邪褋薪芯褩. 袦懈 薪械褋械屑芯褋褟 薪邪 褏胁懈谢褟褏 褑褜芯谐芯 斜褍褉褏谢懈胁芯谐芯 屑芯褉褟. 袘芯 屑懈, 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨, 谢褞斜懈屑 褋褌褉邪卸写械薪薪懈褏. 袧邪褕褨 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪褨 谐械褉芯褩 芯斜芯胁'褟蟹泻芯胁芯 屑褍褋褟褌褜 褋褌褉邪卸写邪褌懈. 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褋褌褉邪卸写邪胁 蟹邪 校泻褉邪褩薪褍. 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 - 褔械褉械蟹 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯.
袗谢械 锌褨褋谢褟 胁褋褜芯谐芯 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪芯谐芯 谢懈褕邪褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褖芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹薪邪褦 斜芯谢褜芯胁褨 褌芯褔泻懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褔懈褌邪褔邪 - 褌械屑懈, 褟泻褨 芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪芯 蟹邪褔褨锌邪褞褌褜 蟹邪 卸懈胁械. 笑械 写芯斜褉械, 斜芯 胁懈褏芯写懈褌褜 写褍卸械 械屑芯褑褨泄薪懈泄 褌械泻褋褌. 袉 薪械写芯斜褉械, 斜芯 褌懈, 褟泻 褔懈褌邪褔, 锌芯蟹斜邪胁谢褟褦褕褋褟 胁懈斜芯褉褍. 携泻 褑械 薪械 锌芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯? 笑械 卸 褌械屑邪, 褖芯 屑邪褦 斜褍褌懈 斜谢懈蟹褜泻芯褞 泻芯卸薪芯屑褍 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑械胁褨! 效懈 屑芯卸械 薪械 锌芯写芯斜邪褌懈褋褟 褌邪泻邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟? 袧褨, 蟹胁褨褋薪芯 薪褨. 袧械 屑芯卸械.
February 20, 2024
The protagonist is a young Ukrainian writer who feels some distant connection to Viacheslav Lypynskyi, a real-enough historical figure (1882-1931), who fought for Ukrainian independence and indeed felt himself to be Ukrainian even though of Polish descent.
The chapters are arranged as Lypynskyi's story (Him), the protagonist's story (Me), and the protagonist's connection to Lypynskyi via research (Us). Thus, the novel has a very autobiographical feel to it.
Lypynskyi's story was illuminating, was well-told and/or translated, and served to fill a gap in my understanding of Ukraine. That said, my attention waned the more obsessive Lypynskyi became. The same held true with the protagonist's story. I rather liked her obsession with Lypynskyi, which gave the novel a present-day hook. But as Lypynskyi succumbed to tuberculosis, the protagonist was laid low by agoraphobia. This is the third book I've read in just the last month where the main female character could not leave her apartment. Apparently, it's an epidemic.
As an addendum:
There were a lot of historical Ukrainian and Polish names that popped up and will soon be forgotten. But there was another figure, long before Lypynskyi, who, although Polish, fought for Ukrainian independence. His name was Mykhailo Krzyczewski, and he only has a cameo role in this novel. Still, any American can easily pronounce that last name. Anglicize the first name, remove a 'C' from the last, and that's a lot of wins.
The chapters are arranged as Lypynskyi's story (Him), the protagonist's story (Me), and the protagonist's connection to Lypynskyi via research (Us). Thus, the novel has a very autobiographical feel to it.
Lypynskyi's story was illuminating, was well-told and/or translated, and served to fill a gap in my understanding of Ukraine. That said, my attention waned the more obsessive Lypynskyi became. The same held true with the protagonist's story. I rather liked her obsession with Lypynskyi, which gave the novel a present-day hook. But as Lypynskyi succumbed to tuberculosis, the protagonist was laid low by agoraphobia. This is the third book I've read in just the last month where the main female character could not leave her apartment. Apparently, it's an epidemic.
As an addendum:
There were a lot of historical Ukrainian and Polish names that popped up and will soon be forgotten. But there was another figure, long before Lypynskyi, who, although Polish, fought for Ukrainian independence. His name was Mykhailo Krzyczewski, and he only has a cameo role in this novel. Still, any American can easily pronounce that last name. Anglicize the first name, remove a 'C' from the last, and that's a lot of wins.
March 10, 2024
蟹邪胁写褟泻懈 褑褨泄 泻薪懈蟹褨 斜邪谐邪褌芯 写褨蟹薪邪谢邪褋褟 锌褉芯 写褨褟谢褜薪褨褋褌褜 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 褏芯褔邪 褌褉芯褕泻懈 谢褟泻邪褦 屑芯卸谢懈胁褨褋褌褜 胁懈谐邪写邪薪芯褋褌褨 锌械胁薪懈褏 褎邪泻褌褨胁, 褍 褟泻褨 褟 胁卸械 锌芯胁褨褉懈谢邪. 褌邪泻 芯褌 褋褌邪胁谢褞褋褟 写芯 褏褍写芯卸薪褜芯褩 胁懈谐邪写泻懈, 泻芯谢懈 褦 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褟)
褍卸械 锌芯褔懈褌邪谢邪 写械泻褨谢褜泻邪 褋褌邪褌械泄 锌褉芯 泻薪懈谐褍, 蟹斜懈褉邪褞褋褟 写邪谢褨 褖械 褌褉芯褕泻懈 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪褌懈 蟹 芯谐谢褟写邪屑懈, 褖芯斜 褎褨薪邪谢褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 芯褌褉懈屑邪薪褨 蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褌邪 褋泻谢邪褋褌懈 芯褋褌邪褌芯褔薪褍 写褍屑泻褍.
褔懈褌邪褞褔懈, 蟹 褔邪褋芯屑 褟 芯褑褨薪懈谢邪 泄 写褉褍谐褍 褋褞卸械褌薪褍 谢褨薪褨褞 蟹 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褞.
褌芯卸, 斜褍谢芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯.
褍卸械 锌芯褔懈褌邪谢邪 写械泻褨谢褜泻邪 褋褌邪褌械泄 锌褉芯 泻薪懈谐褍, 蟹斜懈褉邪褞褋褟 写邪谢褨 褖械 褌褉芯褕泻懈 锌芯锌褉邪褑褞胁邪褌懈 蟹 芯谐谢褟写邪屑懈, 褖芯斜 褎褨薪邪谢褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 芯褌褉懈屑邪薪褨 蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褌邪 褋泻谢邪褋褌懈 芯褋褌邪褌芯褔薪褍 写褍屑泻褍.
褔懈褌邪褞褔懈, 蟹 褔邪褋芯屑 褟 芯褑褨薪懈谢邪 泄 写褉褍谐褍 褋褞卸械褌薪褍 谢褨薪褨褞 蟹 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褞.
褌芯卸, 斜褍谢芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯.
February 7, 2017
携 胁卸械 薪械 褉邪蟹 褋泻邪褉卸懈谢邪褋褟 薪邪 薪邪褋褌芯褉芯卸械薪械 褋锌褉懈泄薪褟褌褌褟 褉芯蟹褏胁邪谢械薪懈褏 褌邪 褍写芯褋褌芯褦薪懈褏 胁褨写蟹薪邪泻 泻薪懈谐. 袩褉芯褌械 屑懈薪褍谢芯褉褨褔薪懈泄 谢邪褍褉械邪褌 "袣薪懈谐懈 褉芯泻褍-袙袙小" 屑械薪褨 褟泻褉邪蟹 写褍卸械 锌褉懈锌邪胁 写芯 褋屑邪泻褍, 褌芯卸 蟹邪 "袟邪斜褍褌褌褟" 斜褉邪谢邪褋褟 斜械蟹 薪邪写屑褨褉薪芯谐芯 芯褋褌褉邪褏褍. 袡 屑邪褞 胁懈蟹薪邪褌懈: 胁褋械 褍 屑械薪械 蟹 褑褨褦褞 泻薪懈谐芯褞 褋泻谢邪谢芯褋褟 写芯斜褉械 鈥� 褟 褩褩 褋锌褉懈泄薪褟谢邪 薪械 褌邪泻, 褟泻 褨薪褕褨 (邪谐邪, 薪邪褔懈褌邪谢邪褋褟 褉械褑械薪蟹褨泄 褌邪 胁褨写谐褍泻褨胁))), 褌芯斜褌芯 鈥� 锌芯-褋胁芯褦屑褍, 褖芯 胁胁邪卸邪褞 胁械谢懈泻懈屑 锌谢褞褋芯屑 褉芯屑邪薪褍.
袨褌卸械, 锌褉芯锌芯薪褍褞 褋胁芯褦 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褌褨褦褩 胁卸械 蟹谐邪写邪薪芯褩 褋褌芯 褉邪蟹褨胁 褨 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 卸 芯斜谐芯胁芯褉械薪芯褩 胁 屑械褉械卸褨 写胁芯锌谢邪薪芯胁芯褋褌褨 泻薪懈谐懈. 袛褨胁褔懈薪邪-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褦, 屑鈥櫻徯盒� 泻邪卸褍褔懈, 薪械 薪邪泄泻褉邪褖褨 褔邪褋懈. 孝邪 褖芯 褌邪屑 泻邪蟹邪褌懈: 薪邪泄谐褨褉褕褨. 袧褨, 褍 薪械褩 蟹芯胁薪褨 胁 卸懈褌褌褨 褋泻谢邪写邪褦褌褜褋褟 胁褋械 写芯斜褉械: 泄 谢褨褌械褉邪褌褍褉薪械 胁懈蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褦, 泄 蟹邪屑褨卸 斜械褉褍褌褜, 褨 锌谢邪薪褨胁 薪邪 卸懈褌褌褟 写芯褋褌邪褌薪褜芯. 袗谢械 芯褌 胁褋械褉械写懈薪褨 胁褋械 锌芯谢邪屑邪谢芯褋褟. 袉 褟泻 谢褞写懈薪邪, 胁 褟泻芯褩 褔邪褋芯屑 胁褋械褉械写懈薪褨 褌械卸 褖芯褋褜 谢邪屑邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褟 谐械褉芯褩薪褞 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 (锌褉懈薪邪泄屑薪褨, 屑械薪褨 褌邪泻 胁懈写邪褦褌褜褋褟). 孝邪泻 褋邪屑芯 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 褨 褩褩 胁褌械褔褍 胁 褔褍卸械 卸懈褌褌褟, 胁 卸懈褌褌褟, 褟泻械 屑懈薪褍谢芯, 褖械蟹谢芯, 锌褉芯锌邪谢芯, 蟹邪褍斜谢芯褋褟, 胁褨写 褟泻芯谐芯 蟹邪谢懈褕懈谢懈褋褟 泻谢邪锌褌褨 泄 褍褉懈胁泻懈 褨 褟泻械 胁芯薪邪 薪邪屑邪谐邪褦褌褜褋褟 锌褉芯卸懈褌懈, 斜芯 卸 薪械 蟹薪邪褦, 褟泻 锌褉芯卸懈褌懈 褋胁芯褦.
袙懈 胁卸械 蟹写芯谐邪写邪谢懈褋褟, 褖芯 褑械 鈥� 褌邪 褋邪屑邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褟泻褍 褔芯屑褍褋褜 褋锌褉懈泄屑邪褞褌褜 褟泻 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 胁 泻薪懈蟹褨. 袦芯胁谢褟胁, 褉芯屑邪薪 鈥� 锌褉芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪褍 锌芯褋褌邪褌褜 屑邪谢芯胁褨写芯屑芯谐芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪, 薪邪胁褨褖芯 褋褞写懈 褔褨锌谢褟褌懈 写懈胁薪褨 蟹邪锌谢褍褌邪薪褨 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褟 薪械 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 邪写械泻胁邪褌薪芯褩 谢褞写懈薪懈? 袗谢械 斜械蟹 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔邪 薪械 斜褍谢芯 斜 褨 谐械褉芯褟 芯锌芯胁褨写褨 鈥� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 袘芯 胁褨薪 褍 泻薪懈蟹褨 胁懈泄褕芯胁 褋邪屑械 褌邪泻懈屑, 芯褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褋褌胁芯褉械薪懈泄 褋邪屑械 褌邪泻懈屑. 袘芯 褟泻芯褞 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 斜褍谢邪 谢褞写懈薪邪, 泻芯褌褉邪, 蟹邪 胁懈褋谢芯胁芯屑 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 褖械蟹谢邪 (褟泻 褨 胁褋褨 屑懈 褖械蟹邪褦屑芯 胁褨写 褋邪屑芯谐芯 薪邪褉芯写卸械薪薪褟), 薪械胁褨写芯屑芯. 袩褉芯褌械 蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪懈泄 褍褟胁芯褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 蟹屑褍褕褍褦 锌芯胁褨褉懈褌懈 胁 褋械斜械 褌邪泻芯谐芯. 袗 胁褌褨屑, 褍 褟泻芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪邪屑 褨褖械 胁褨褉懈褌懈? 袙懈斜褨褉 褦?
袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 蟹邪 胁械褉褋褨褦褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 鈥� 褍泻褉邪褩薪械褑褜, 褏芯褔 褨 锌芯谢褟泻, 薪邪褌褏薪械薪薪懈泻 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁薪芯褋褌褨 褨 谢褞写懈薪邪, 褟泻邪 谐谢懈斜芯泻芯 褉芯蟹褔邪褉褍胁邪谢邪褋褟 胁 薪褨泄. 小泻褨谢褜泻懈 写褍屑芯泻, 胁泻谢邪写械薪懈褏 褍 泄芯谐芯 褋胁褨褌谢褍 谐芯谢芯胁褍, 褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褑懈褌邪褌 褨蟹 泄芯谐芯 褋褌邪褌械泄 褌邪 谢懈褋褌褨胁, 胁懈泻芯褉懈褋褌邪薪懈褏 褍 泻薪懈蟹褨, 锌械褉械锌谢褨褌邪谢懈褋褟 蟹 屑芯褩屑懈 (褔懈 褋锌褨胁蟹胁褍褔薪懈屑懈) 屑褨褉泻褍胁邪薪薪褟屑懈! 效邪褋芯屑 胁褨薪 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹薪邪胁, 褔芯谐芯 锌褉邪谐薪械 褨 泻褍写懈 泄写械, 邪 褔邪褋芯屑 谐褍斜懈胁褋褟 泄 褉芯蟹谐褍斜谢褞胁邪胁褋褟. 袨褋褌邪薪薪褦 褌褉邪锌谢褟谢芯褋褟 蟹 薪懈屑 褍褋械 褔邪褋褌褨褕械, 褌芯屑褍 泄 褉芯蟹谐褍斜懈胁 褍褋械: 胁褨写 芯屑褉褨褟薪芯褩 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 写芯 褋褨屑鈥櫻�. 效懈 薪邪胁锌邪泻懈. 袧邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪, 褕褍泻邪褞褔懈 褋谢褨写懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 蟹薪邪泄褕谢邪 泄 褋械斜械, 泄 褋懈谢懈 写谢褟 褌芯谐芯, 邪斜懈 卸懈褌懈 写邪谢褨. 袘芯 卸 写芯泻懈 薪邪褋 褍褋褨褏 蟹鈥櫻椦佈傃� 褋懈薪褨泄 泻懈褌 褔邪褋褍 泄 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟, 卸懈褌褌褟 胁褋械-褌邪泻懈 褌褉懈胁邪褦...
锌.褋. 袉 锌褉芯 "袟芯谢芯褌褍 斜褍谢褜泻褍"))) 袧褨泻芯谢懈 薪械 芯褑褨薪褞胁邪谢邪 泻薪懈谐 (褌邪 泄 褨薪褕懈褏 褌胁芯褉褨胁 屑懈褋褌械褑褌胁邪) 蟹 褌芯褔泻懈 蟹芯褉褍 泻褨谢褜泻芯褋褌褨 (邪 胁褨写薪懈薪褨 屑芯卸褍 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌懈 褨 锌褉芯 褟泻褨褋褌褜) 芯褌褉懈屑邪薪懈褏 薪懈屑懈 胁褨写蟹薪邪泻. 袗 褌械锌械褉 褨 锌芯谐芯褌褨胁 鈥� 薪邪胁褨褌褜 薪械 蟹胁械褉褌邪褌懈屑褍 褍胁邪谐懈 褟泻 薪邪 褉械泄褌懈薪谐懈, 褌邪泻 褨 薪邪 邪薪褌懈褉械泄褌懈薪谐懈, 斜芯 褋褏芯卸械, 褖芯 屑邪褞 谐械褌褜 蟹斜芯褔械薪褨 褋屑邪泻懈)))
袨褌卸械, 锌褉芯锌芯薪褍褞 褋胁芯褦 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褌褨褦褩 胁卸械 蟹谐邪写邪薪芯褩 褋褌芯 褉邪蟹褨胁 褨 褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 卸 芯斜谐芯胁芯褉械薪芯褩 胁 屑械褉械卸褨 写胁芯锌谢邪薪芯胁芯褋褌褨 泻薪懈谐懈. 袛褨胁褔懈薪邪-芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褦, 屑鈥櫻徯盒� 泻邪卸褍褔懈, 薪械 薪邪泄泻褉邪褖褨 褔邪褋懈. 孝邪 褖芯 褌邪屑 泻邪蟹邪褌懈: 薪邪泄谐褨褉褕褨. 袧褨, 褍 薪械褩 蟹芯胁薪褨 胁 卸懈褌褌褨 褋泻谢邪写邪褦褌褜褋褟 胁褋械 写芯斜褉械: 泄 谢褨褌械褉邪褌褍褉薪械 胁懈蟹薪邪薪薪褟 褦, 泄 蟹邪屑褨卸 斜械褉褍褌褜, 褨 锌谢邪薪褨胁 薪邪 卸懈褌褌褟 写芯褋褌邪褌薪褜芯. 袗谢械 芯褌 胁褋械褉械写懈薪褨 胁褋械 锌芯谢邪屑邪谢芯褋褟. 袉 褟泻 谢褞写懈薪邪, 胁 褟泻芯褩 褔邪褋芯屑 胁褋械褉械写懈薪褨 褌械卸 褖芯褋褜 谢邪屑邪褦褌褜褋褟, 褟 谐械褉芯褩薪褞 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 (锌褉懈薪邪泄屑薪褨, 屑械薪褨 褌邪泻 胁懈写邪褦褌褜褋褟). 孝邪泻 褋邪屑芯 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 褨 褩褩 胁褌械褔褍 胁 褔褍卸械 卸懈褌褌褟, 胁 卸懈褌褌褟, 褟泻械 屑懈薪褍谢芯, 褖械蟹谢芯, 锌褉芯锌邪谢芯, 蟹邪褍斜谢芯褋褟, 胁褨写 褟泻芯谐芯 蟹邪谢懈褕懈谢懈褋褟 泻谢邪锌褌褨 泄 褍褉懈胁泻懈 褨 褟泻械 胁芯薪邪 薪邪屑邪谐邪褦褌褜褋褟 锌褉芯卸懈褌懈, 斜芯 卸 薪械 蟹薪邪褦, 褟泻 锌褉芯卸懈褌懈 褋胁芯褦.
袙懈 胁卸械 蟹写芯谐邪写邪谢懈褋褟, 褖芯 褑械 鈥� 褌邪 褋邪屑邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褟泻褍 褔芯屑褍褋褜 褋锌褉懈泄屑邪褞褌褜 褟泻 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 胁 泻薪懈蟹褨. 袦芯胁谢褟胁, 褉芯屑邪薪 鈥� 锌褉芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪褍 锌芯褋褌邪褌褜 屑邪谢芯胁褨写芯屑芯谐芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪, 薪邪胁褨褖芯 褋褞写懈 褔褨锌谢褟褌懈 写懈胁薪褨 蟹邪锌谢褍褌邪薪褨 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褟 薪械 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 邪写械泻胁邪褌薪芯褩 谢褞写懈薪懈? 袗谢械 斜械蟹 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔邪 薪械 斜褍谢芯 斜 褨 谐械褉芯褟 芯锌芯胁褨写褨 鈥� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 袘芯 胁褨薪 褍 泻薪懈蟹褨 胁懈泄褕芯胁 褋邪屑械 褌邪泻懈屑, 芯褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褋褌胁芯褉械薪懈泄 褋邪屑械 褌邪泻懈屑. 袘芯 褟泻芯褞 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 斜褍谢邪 谢褞写懈薪邪, 泻芯褌褉邪, 蟹邪 胁懈褋谢芯胁芯屑 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 褖械蟹谢邪 (褟泻 褨 胁褋褨 屑懈 褖械蟹邪褦屑芯 胁褨写 褋邪屑芯谐芯 薪邪褉芯写卸械薪薪褟), 薪械胁褨写芯屑芯. 袩褉芯褌械 蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪懈泄 褍褟胁芯褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 蟹屑褍褕褍褦 锌芯胁褨褉懈褌懈 胁 褋械斜械 褌邪泻芯谐芯. 袗 胁褌褨屑, 褍 褟泻芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪邪屑 褨褖械 胁褨褉懈褌懈? 袙懈斜褨褉 褦?
袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 蟹邪 胁械褉褋褨褦褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 鈥� 褍泻褉邪褩薪械褑褜, 褏芯褔 褨 锌芯谢褟泻, 薪邪褌褏薪械薪薪懈泻 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁薪芯褋褌褨 褨 谢褞写懈薪邪, 褟泻邪 谐谢懈斜芯泻芯 褉芯蟹褔邪褉褍胁邪谢邪褋褟 胁 薪褨泄. 小泻褨谢褜泻懈 写褍屑芯泻, 胁泻谢邪写械薪懈褏 褍 泄芯谐芯 褋胁褨褌谢褍 谐芯谢芯胁褍, 褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褑懈褌邪褌 褨蟹 泄芯谐芯 褋褌邪褌械泄 褌邪 谢懈褋褌褨胁, 胁懈泻芯褉懈褋褌邪薪懈褏 褍 泻薪懈蟹褨, 锌械褉械锌谢褨褌邪谢懈褋褟 蟹 屑芯褩屑懈 (褔懈 褋锌褨胁蟹胁褍褔薪懈屑懈) 屑褨褉泻褍胁邪薪薪褟屑懈! 效邪褋芯屑 胁褨薪 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹薪邪胁, 褔芯谐芯 锌褉邪谐薪械 褨 泻褍写懈 泄写械, 邪 褔邪褋芯屑 谐褍斜懈胁褋褟 泄 褉芯蟹谐褍斜谢褞胁邪胁褋褟. 袨褋褌邪薪薪褦 褌褉邪锌谢褟谢芯褋褟 蟹 薪懈屑 褍褋械 褔邪褋褌褨褕械, 褌芯屑褍 泄 褉芯蟹谐褍斜懈胁 褍褋械: 胁褨写 芯屑褉褨褟薪芯褩 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 写芯 褋褨屑鈥櫻�. 效懈 薪邪胁锌邪泻懈. 袧邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪, 褕褍泻邪褞褔懈 褋谢褨写懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 蟹薪邪泄褕谢邪 泄 褋械斜械, 泄 褋懈谢懈 写谢褟 褌芯谐芯, 邪斜懈 卸懈褌懈 写邪谢褨. 袘芯 卸 写芯泻懈 薪邪褋 褍褋褨褏 蟹鈥櫻椦佈傃� 褋懈薪褨泄 泻懈褌 褔邪褋褍 泄 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟, 卸懈褌褌褟 胁褋械-褌邪泻懈 褌褉懈胁邪褦...
锌.褋. 袉 锌褉芯 "袟芯谢芯褌褍 斜褍谢褜泻褍"))) 袧褨泻芯谢懈 薪械 芯褑褨薪褞胁邪谢邪 泻薪懈谐 (褌邪 泄 褨薪褕懈褏 褌胁芯褉褨胁 屑懈褋褌械褑褌胁邪) 蟹 褌芯褔泻懈 蟹芯褉褍 泻褨谢褜泻芯褋褌褨 (邪 胁褨写薪懈薪褨 屑芯卸褍 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌懈 褨 锌褉芯 褟泻褨褋褌褜) 芯褌褉懈屑邪薪懈褏 薪懈屑懈 胁褨写蟹薪邪泻. 袗 褌械锌械褉 褨 锌芯谐芯褌褨胁 鈥� 薪邪胁褨褌褜 薪械 蟹胁械褉褌邪褌懈屑褍 褍胁邪谐懈 褟泻 薪邪 褉械泄褌懈薪谐懈, 褌邪泻 褨 薪邪 邪薪褌懈褉械泄褌懈薪谐懈, 斜芯 褋褏芯卸械, 褖芯 屑邪褞 谐械褌褜 蟹斜芯褔械薪褨 褋屑邪泻懈)))
February 7, 2022
3,5 Sterne
Zu meiner Schande muss ich gestehen, dass ich von ukrainischer Geschichte keinen blassen Schimmer habe. Zwar habe ich letztes Jahr durch "Das Licht der Frauen" von Zanna Sloniowska einiges 眉ber die ukrainische Unabh盲ngigkeitsbewegung nach 1945 gelernt, "Blauwal der Erinnerung" greift da aber noch weiter zur眉ck (1900-1930). Die Lebensgeschichte des ukrainischen Freiheitsk盲mpfers Lypynskyj und der Kampf um Identit盲t, Anerkennung und Eigenstaatlichkeit des ukrainischen Volkes im st盲ndigen Spannungsfeld zu Polen und Russland war im h枚chsten Ma脽e fesselnd und lehrreich, das h盲tte ich nie erwartet. Die Gegenwartsebene um die Ich-Erz盲hlerin (Alter Ego der Autorin?) war f眉r mich weitestgehend unerheblich, erst, als sie ihre Familiengeschichte im Lichte der Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts betrachtet und nach ererbter Schuld und S眉hne sucht, wurde es ganz am Ende doch noch mal interessant.
Zu meiner Schande muss ich gestehen, dass ich von ukrainischer Geschichte keinen blassen Schimmer habe. Zwar habe ich letztes Jahr durch "Das Licht der Frauen" von Zanna Sloniowska einiges 眉ber die ukrainische Unabh盲ngigkeitsbewegung nach 1945 gelernt, "Blauwal der Erinnerung" greift da aber noch weiter zur眉ck (1900-1930). Die Lebensgeschichte des ukrainischen Freiheitsk盲mpfers Lypynskyj und der Kampf um Identit盲t, Anerkennung und Eigenstaatlichkeit des ukrainischen Volkes im st盲ndigen Spannungsfeld zu Polen und Russland war im h枚chsten Ma脽e fesselnd und lehrreich, das h盲tte ich nie erwartet. Die Gegenwartsebene um die Ich-Erz盲hlerin (Alter Ego der Autorin?) war f眉r mich weitestgehend unerheblich, erst, als sie ihre Familiengeschichte im Lichte der Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts betrachtet und nach ererbter Schuld und S眉hne sucht, wurde es ganz am Ende doch noch mal interessant.
October 4, 2022
袩褉芯褔懈褌邪谢邪 泻薪懈谐褍 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 胁 褉邪屑泻邪褏 泻薪懈卸泻芯胁芯谐芯 泻谢褍斜褍 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈 The Ukrainians.
袣薪懈谐邪, 斜械蟹褍屑芯胁薪芯,褑褨泻邪胁邪, 褟泻 褨写械褟. 袧邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 褌械卸 薪邪褔械 写芯斜褉械, 邪谢械 褔芯谐芯褋褜 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔邪褦. 袩芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪械泻胁邪锌薪褨褋褌褜 芯锌芯胁褨写褨, 薪邪褔械 褌懈 锌谢邪胁邪褦褕 胁 褌械泻褋褌褨.
袝锌褨蟹芯写懈 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褌邪 锌褉芯 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 谐械褉芯褩薪褞, 褟泻褖芯 胁蟹褟褌懈 褩褏 芯泻褉械屑芯 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉薪褨, 蟹邪薪褍褉褞褞褌褜 褌械斜械 胁 褋胁褨褌 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁. 袩褉芯褌械 写谢褟 屑械薪械 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌芯 屑褨卸 薪懈屑懈 蟹邪谢懈褕懈胁褋褟 蟹邪薪邪写褌芯 胁械谢懈泻懈泄 褉芯蟹褉懈胁.
袙褉邪卸械薪薪褟 胁褨写 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 蟹邪谢懈褕懈谢芯褋褜 褌械卸 薪械 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪械, 褟泻 褨 褋邪屑邪 胁芯薪邪, 邪谢械 褑械 芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪芯 薪械 蟹谐邪褟薪懈泄 褔邪褋.
袨褌卸械, 蟹 锌谢褞褋褨胁: 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁芯褞 锌褨褉薪褍褌懈 胁 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪褍 械锌芯褏褍 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯; 写芯褋褌邪褌薪褜芯 胁褨写胁芯谢褨泻褌懈褋褟 胁褨写 锌芯胁褋褟泻写械薪薪芯褋褌褨. 孝邪泻芯卸 芯斜'褦屑 泻薪懈谐懈 薪械 写褍卸械 胁械谢懈泻懈泄, 褌芯屑褍 屑芯卸薪邪 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪褌懈 胁 谢褨褌邪泻褍 邪斜芯 胁 锌芯褩蟹写褨.
效懈褌邪褦褌褜褋褟 谢械谐泻芯, 锌褉芯褌械 屑械薪械 胁懈斜褨褋懈谢邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟.
袣薪懈谐邪, 斜械蟹褍屑芯胁薪芯,褑褨泻邪胁邪, 褟泻 褨写械褟. 袧邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 褌械卸 薪邪褔械 写芯斜褉械, 邪谢械 褔芯谐芯褋褜 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔邪褦. 袩芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟 薪械泻胁邪锌薪褨褋褌褜 芯锌芯胁褨写褨, 薪邪褔械 褌懈 锌谢邪胁邪褦褕 胁 褌械泻褋褌褨.
袝锌褨蟹芯写懈 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褌邪 锌褉芯 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 谐械褉芯褩薪褞, 褟泻褖芯 胁蟹褟褌懈 褩褏 芯泻褉械屑芯 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉薪褨, 蟹邪薪褍褉褞褞褌褜 褌械斜械 胁 褋胁褨褌 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁. 袩褉芯褌械 写谢褟 屑械薪械 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌芯 屑褨卸 薪懈屑懈 蟹邪谢懈褕懈胁褋褟 蟹邪薪邪写褌芯 胁械谢懈泻懈泄 褉芯蟹褉懈胁.
袙褉邪卸械薪薪褟 胁褨写 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 蟹邪谢懈褕懈谢芯褋褜 褌械卸 薪械 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪械, 褟泻 褨 褋邪屑邪 胁芯薪邪, 邪谢械 褑械 芯写薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪芯 薪械 蟹谐邪褟薪懈泄 褔邪褋.
袨褌卸械, 蟹 锌谢褞褋褨胁: 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁芯褞 锌褨褉薪褍褌懈 胁 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪褍 械锌芯褏褍 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯; 写芯褋褌邪褌薪褜芯 胁褨写胁芯谢褨泻褌懈褋褟 胁褨写 锌芯胁褋褟泻写械薪薪芯褋褌褨. 孝邪泻芯卸 芯斜'褦屑 泻薪懈谐懈 薪械 写褍卸械 胁械谢懈泻懈泄, 褌芯屑褍 屑芯卸薪邪 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪褌懈 胁 谢褨褌邪泻褍 邪斜芯 胁 锌芯褩蟹写褨.
效懈褌邪褦褌褜褋褟 谢械谐泻芯, 锌褉芯褌械 屑械薪械 胁懈斜褨褋懈谢邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟.
October 12, 2016
袧械锌芯谐邪薪懈泄 蟹邪写褍屑 薪械 写芯胁械写械薪懈泄 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟. 袣薪懈卸泻邪 褨蟹 芯写薪懈屑 谐邪褉薪懈屑 械锌褨蟹芯写芯屑, 褨 芯写薪懈屑 褑褨泻邪胁懈屑, 邪谢械 写褉褍谐芯褉褟写薪懈屑 谐械褉芯褦屑. 袦械薪褨 斜褍谢芯 锌褉懈褦屑薪芯 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褌懈 胁 写械褟泻懈褏 械锌褨蟹芯写邪褏 褋褌邪褉褍 褨 写芯斜褉褍 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 邪谢械 斜邪谐邪褌芯 写械 屑械薪褨 褩褩 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔邪谢芯. 袟谐芯写芯屑 薪邪锌懈褕褍 褉芯蟹谐芯褉薪褍褌懈泄 胁褨写谐褍泻 胁 斜谢芯蟹褨
March 15, 2019
袉 胁褋械-褌邪泻懈 褟 胁 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褨 胁褨写 褑褨褦褩 泻薪懈谐懈! 啸芯褔邪 泄 薪邪 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 (褨 锌褨写 褑懈屑 褋谢芯胁芯屑 屑邪褞 薪邪 褍胁邪蟹褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 褋邪屑械 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 斜芯 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 褋邪屑芯褩 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 褟 薪械 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 褌邪 泄 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟 胁芯薪邪 薪械 胁褨写泻褉懈谢邪褋褟) 薪邪褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 蟹邪褏芯锌懈谢邪, 褖芯 褟 薪械 屑芯谐谢邪 胁褨写褨褉胁邪褌懈褋褟, 邪 胁 泻褨薪褑褨 斜褍谢芯 褌邪泻械 胁褉邪卸械薪薪褟, 薪褨斜懈 褏褌芯褋褜 胁懈褉褨褕懈胁 褋胁褟褌泻芯谐芯 胁斜褉邪褌懈 褋褌褨谢, 锌芯褔邪胁 褍褉芯褔懈褋褌芯 褉芯蟹褋褌械谢褟褌懈 褋泻邪褌械褉褌懈薪褍, 邪谢械 锌芯褌褨屑 蟹褨卸屑邪泻邪胁 褩褩, 斜芯 褌邪泻懈 胁懈褟胁懈谢芯褋褟, 褖芯 褋泻邪褌械褉褌懈薪邪 蟹胁褉胁写褌芯 写芯胁谐邪 写谢褟 褑褜芯谐芯 褋褌芯谢邪.
小械褉械写懈薪邪 泻薪懈卸泻懈 薪邪泄褑褨泻邪胁褨褕邪. 袣褨薪械褑褜 褋泻懈写邪胁褋褟 薪邪 (屑邪泄卸械) 褋褍褏褨 褎邪泻褌懈. 袉 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔懈谢芯 屑械薪褨 褌褉芯褏懈 褏褍写芯卸薪芯褋褌褨 胁懈泻谢邪写褍. 孝邪 胁褋械 芯写薪芯 褟 胁 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褨, 斜芯 褨屑鈥樠� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪械 褔褍谢邪 薪褨泻芯谢懈, 邪 胁懈褟胁谢褟褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨薪 斜褍胁 胁锌谢懈胁芯胁芯褞 褎褨谐褍褉芯褞 褍 褌胁芯褉械薪薪褨 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁懈, 褟泻褨泄, 褖芯锌褉邪胁写邪, 褌邪泻 褨 薪械 褋褍写懈谢芯褋褟 斜褍褌懈 蟹邪 卸懈褌褌褟 锌芯谢褟泻邪 袙邪褑谢邪胁邪, 褖芯 薪邪蟹懈胁邪胁 褋械斜械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈屑 袙鈥樠徰囆笛佇恍靶残拘�.
携泻斜懈 胁懈锌褍褋褌懈褌懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 蟹 锌邪薪褨泻芯褞 (褏芯褔邪 褟 褉芯蟹褍屑褨褞, 褖芯 褑褟 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 褌邪泻懈 屑邪谢邪 褌褍褌 斜褍褌懈, 邪谢械 胁芯薪邪 屑械薪褨 胁懈写邪胁邪谢邪褋褟 蟹邪泄胁芯褞), 褌芯 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 斜懈 胁懈胁褔邪褌懈 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪 褍褉芯泻邪褏 褍泻褉谢褨褌褍.
啸芯褔械褌褜褋褟, 褖芯斜懈 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪谢芯 褟泻芯屑芯谐邪 斜褨谢褜褕械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨胁. 袗斜懈 褌褉芯褏懈 薪邪斜谢懈蟹懈褌懈褋褟 写芯 斜芯谢褞褔懈褏 褋褌芯褉褨薪芯泻 薪邪褕芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩, 邪斜懈 肖褉邪薪泻芯, 袚褉褍褕械胁褋褜泻懈泄, 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻芯, 小泻芯褉芯锌邪写褋褜泻懈泄 褌邪 薪懈蟹泻邪 斜邪谐邪褌褜芯褏 胁褨写芯屑懈褏 薪邪屑 褨屑械薪 褋褌邪谢懈 褉械邪谢褜薪褨褕懈屑懈 写谢褟 薪邪褋, 褨蟹 锌谢芯褌褨 褌邪 泻褉芯胁褨, 邪 薪械 褟泻懈屑懈褋褜 邪斜褋褌褉邪泻褌薪懈屑懈 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸邪屑懈 褕泻褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 锌褨写褉褍褔薪懈泻邪 蟹 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩.
小械褉械写懈薪邪 泻薪懈卸泻懈 薪邪泄褑褨泻邪胁褨褕邪. 袣褨薪械褑褜 褋泻懈写邪胁褋褟 薪邪 (屑邪泄卸械) 褋褍褏褨 褎邪泻褌懈. 袉 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔懈谢芯 屑械薪褨 褌褉芯褏懈 褏褍写芯卸薪芯褋褌褨 胁懈泻谢邪写褍. 孝邪 胁褋械 芯写薪芯 褟 胁 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褨, 斜芯 褨屑鈥樠� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪械 褔褍谢邪 薪褨泻芯谢懈, 邪 胁懈褟胁谢褟褦褌褜褋褟 胁褨薪 斜褍胁 胁锌谢懈胁芯胁芯褞 褎褨谐褍褉芯褞 褍 褌胁芯褉械薪薪褨 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 写械褉卸邪胁懈, 褟泻褨泄, 褖芯锌褉邪胁写邪, 褌邪泻 褨 薪械 褋褍写懈谢芯褋褟 斜褍褌懈 蟹邪 卸懈褌褌褟 锌芯谢褟泻邪 袙邪褑谢邪胁邪, 褖芯 薪邪蟹懈胁邪胁 褋械斜械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻懈屑 袙鈥樠徰囆笛佇恍靶残拘�.
携泻斜懈 胁懈锌褍褋褌懈褌懈 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 蟹 锌邪薪褨泻芯褞 (褏芯褔邪 褟 褉芯蟹褍屑褨褞, 褖芯 褑褟 褋褞卸械褌薪邪 谢褨薪褨褟 褌邪泻懈 屑邪谢邪 褌褍褌 斜褍褌懈, 邪谢械 胁芯薪邪 屑械薪褨 胁懈写邪胁邪谢邪褋褟 蟹邪泄胁芯褞), 褌芯 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 斜懈 胁懈胁褔邪褌懈 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪 褍褉芯泻邪褏 褍泻褉谢褨褌褍.
啸芯褔械褌褜褋褟, 褖芯斜懈 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪谢芯 褟泻芯屑芯谐邪 斜褨谢褜褕械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑褨胁. 袗斜懈 褌褉芯褏懈 薪邪斜谢懈蟹懈褌懈褋褟 写芯 斜芯谢褞褔懈褏 褋褌芯褉褨薪芯泻 薪邪褕芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩, 邪斜懈 肖褉邪薪泻芯, 袚褉褍褕械胁褋褜泻懈泄, 效懈泻邪谢械薪泻芯, 小泻芯褉芯锌邪写褋褜泻懈泄 褌邪 薪懈蟹泻邪 斜邪谐邪褌褜芯褏 胁褨写芯屑懈褏 薪邪屑 褨屑械薪 褋褌邪谢懈 褉械邪谢褜薪褨褕懈屑懈 写谢褟 薪邪褋, 褨蟹 锌谢芯褌褨 褌邪 泻褉芯胁褨, 邪 薪械 褟泻懈屑懈褋褜 邪斜褋褌褉邪泻褌薪懈屑懈 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸邪屑懈 褕泻褨谢褜薪芯谐芯 锌褨写褉褍褔薪懈泻邪 蟹 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩.
June 7, 2017
袪芯屑邪薪 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 芯褌褉懈屑邪胁 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褉芯泻褍 芯写薪芯褔邪褋薪芯 锌褉械屑褨褞 褨 邪薪褌懈锌褉械屑褨褞. 笑械 屑械薪械 蟹邪褨薪褌褉懈谐褍胁邪谢芯. 袘邪谐邪褌芯 褉芯泻褨胁 褌芯屑褍 褟 褔懈褌邪谢邪 泻褨谢褜泻邪 泻薪懈谐 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈; 褌芯写褨 胁芯薪懈 屑械薪褨 褋锌芯写芯斜邪谢懈褋褜. 小褌邪谢芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯, 褟泻 褟 褋锌褉懈泄屑褍 褑械泄 褌械泻褋褌 蟹邪褉邪蟹. 袘芯 蟹屑褨薪懈谢邪褋褜 褟, 蟹屑褨薪懈谢邪褋褜 孝邪薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 蟹屑褨薪懈谢芯褋褜 胁褋械. 袉 褌褍褌 褖械 泄 褑褟 褨薪褌褉懈谐邪.
袩褉懈写斜邪谢邪 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪 袣薪懈卸泻芯胁芯屑褍 袗褉褋械薪邪谢褨 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪谢邪 薪邪 芯写薪芯屑褍 写懈褏邪薪薪褨. 小邪屑械 薪邪锌械褉械写芯写薪褨 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褟 锌芯胁械褉褏薪械胁芯 褑褨泻邪胁懈谢邪褋褜 薪邪 袙褨泻褨锌械写褨褩, 褏褌芯 褌邪泻懈泄 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁 褔械褋褌褜 褟泻芯谐芯 锌械褉械泄屑械薪褍胁邪谢懈 胁褍谢懈褑褞 蟹 屑芯褦褩 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌芯褩 谐械芯谐褉邪褎褨褩. 袉 褌褍褌 褌邪泻懈泄 薪械褋锌芯写褨胁邪薪懈泄 褨 谐谢懈斜芯泻懈泄 械泻褋泻褍褉褋 胁 泄芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟.
袦械薪褨 褋锌芯写芯斜邪胁褋褟 谢械谐泻懈泄 褋褌懈谢褜, 锌褉懈褋褍褌薪褨褋褌褜 褋褞卸械褌褍 褨 写芯斜褉械 锌褉芯褉芯斜谢械薪邪 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉邪. 携泻芯褋褜 褌邪泻 谢械谐泻芯 褍褟胁谢褟谢懈褋褜 褌褨 写懈胁薪褨 褔邪褋懈 胁 褟泻懈褏 卸懈胁 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶�. 袩邪褉邪谢械谢褨 蟹 卸懈褌褌褟屑 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯屑褍 褋胁褨褌褨 薪邪写邪胁邪谢懈 褌械泻褋褌褍褉薪芯褋褌褨 械屑芯褑褨褟屑 褋褌芯褉褨褔薪芯褩 写邪胁薪芯褋褌褨. 校 褌械泻褋褌褨 斜邪谐邪褌芯 卸懈胁懈褏 褨 胁谢褍褔薪懈褏 写械褌邪谢械泄. 袛芯斜褉械 锌褉芯褉芯斜谢械薪褨 芯斜褉邪蟹懈 泻谢褞褔芯胁懈褏 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁.
啸芯褉芯褕邪 泻薪懈谐邪! 袦械薪褨 褋锌芯写芯斜邪谢邪褋褜!
袩褉懈写斜邪谢邪 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪 袣薪懈卸泻芯胁芯屑褍 袗褉褋械薪邪谢褨 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪谢邪 薪邪 芯写薪芯屑褍 写懈褏邪薪薪褨. 小邪屑械 薪邪锌械褉械写芯写薪褨 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褟 锌芯胁械褉褏薪械胁芯 褑褨泻邪胁懈谢邪褋褜 薪邪 袙褨泻褨锌械写褨褩, 褏褌芯 褌邪泻懈泄 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁 褔械褋褌褜 褟泻芯谐芯 锌械褉械泄屑械薪褍胁邪谢懈 胁褍谢懈褑褞 蟹 屑芯褦褩 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌芯褩 谐械芯谐褉邪褎褨褩. 袉 褌褍褌 褌邪泻懈泄 薪械褋锌芯写褨胁邪薪懈泄 褨 谐谢懈斜芯泻懈泄 械泻褋泻褍褉褋 胁 泄芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟.
袦械薪褨 褋锌芯写芯斜邪胁褋褟 谢械谐泻懈泄 褋褌懈谢褜, 锌褉懈褋褍褌薪褨褋褌褜 褋褞卸械褌褍 褨 写芯斜褉械 锌褉芯褉芯斜谢械薪邪 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉邪. 携泻芯褋褜 褌邪泻 谢械谐泻芯 褍褟胁谢褟谢懈褋褜 褌褨 写懈胁薪褨 褔邪褋懈 胁 褟泻懈褏 卸懈胁 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶�. 袩邪褉邪谢械谢褨 蟹 卸懈褌褌褟屑 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯屑褍 褋胁褨褌褨 薪邪写邪胁邪谢懈 褌械泻褋褌褍褉薪芯褋褌褨 械屑芯褑褨褟屑 褋褌芯褉褨褔薪芯褩 写邪胁薪芯褋褌褨. 校 褌械泻褋褌褨 斜邪谐邪褌芯 卸懈胁懈褏 褨 胁谢褍褔薪懈褏 写械褌邪谢械泄. 袛芯斜褉械 锌褉芯褉芯斜谢械薪褨 芯斜褉邪蟹懈 泻谢褞褔芯胁懈褏 锌械褉褋芯薪邪卸褨胁.
啸芯褉芯褕邪 泻薪懈谐邪! 袦械薪褨 褋锌芯写芯斜邪谢邪褋褜!
September 16, 2024
薪械褨褉芯薪褨褔薪芯 胁胁邪卸邪褞 褑褞 泻薪懈卸泻褍 芯写薪褨褦褞 蟹 薪邪泄胁邪卸谢懈胁褨褕懈褏 胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨泄 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻褨泄 谢褨褌械褉邪褌褍褉褨. 薪邪 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 斜褍谢芯 写懈胁薪械 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 薪褨斜懈 屑械薪械 蟹邪薪褍褉褞褞褌褜 胁 褔褍卸褍 械泻蟹懈褋褌械薪褑褨泄薪褍 泻褉懈蟹褍, 褟泻邪 屑械薪械 写褨褋褌邪谢邪 泄 屑懈薪褍谢邪褋褟 褖械 胁 写械褋褟褌褜 褉芯泻褨胁. 邪谢械 胁卸械 写芯 芯褋褌邪薪薪褨褏 褋褌芯褉褨薪芯泻 锌邪蟹谢 褋泻谢邪胁褋褟, 褨 屑械薪褨 褋褌邪谢芯 褌邪泻 斜芯谢褟褔械, 褟泻 薪械 斜褍谢芯 薪褨泻芯谢懈. 胁懈褋褏谢褨 泻褉懈褏褌懈, 褟泻褨 屑懈 屑邪褦屑芯 蟹邪屑褨褋褌褜 薪邪褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪芯褩 锌邪屑'褟褌褨 薪邪褉械褕褌褨 褌褉邪锌懈谢懈褋褟 屑械薪褨 薪邪 芯褔褨. 褨 褌邪 写懈褌褟褔邪 泻褉懈蟹邪, 褌芯泄 褋褌褉邪褏 褋屑械褉褌懈 薪械 蟹褉褨胁薪褟褦褌褜褋褟 褨蟹 褋褌褉邪褏芯屑 蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褋胁芯褦褩 泻褉邪褩薪懈, 褋胁芯谐芯 薪邪褉芯写褍, 褋胁芯褦褩 褉芯写懈薪懈.
锌褨写 褔邪褋 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 "蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟", 屑械薪械 薪邪蟹写芯谐薪邪谢芯 褉芯蟹褍屑褨薪薪褟 褌芯谐芯, 薪邪褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褟 胁褋械 褋胁芯褦 卸懈褌褌褟 斜褍谢邪 褨 褦 卸邪写褨斜薪芯褞 写芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯. 褟 蟹斜懈褉邪褞 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 褉褨写薪懈褏, 薪褨斜懈 褋泻邪褉斜懈, 褏芯胁邪褞 褩褏 褍 褕泻邪褌褍谢泻褍, 褟泻褍 胁褨写泻褉懈胁邪褌懈 褖芯褉邪蟹 褋褌邪褦 胁褋械 褋褌褉邪褕薪褨褕械. 褌芯屑褍 褖芯 锌邪屑'褟褌褜 胁懈胁褨褌褉褞褦褌褜褋褟, 褌芯屑褍 褖芯 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褑褨 褉芯蟹屑懈褌褨 泄 褋褍锌械褉械褔谢懈胁褨 褋锌芯屑懈薪懈 锌褉芯 写懈褌懈薪褋褌胁芯 斜邪斜褍褋褨 蟹薪懈泻邪褞褌褜, 褟泻褖芯 薪邪写褌芯 写芯胁谐芯 褍 薪懈褏 胁写懈胁谢褟褌懈褋褟. 屑懈薪褍谢械 泻褉懈褏泻械 - 泻褉懈褏泻褨褕械 薪邪胁褨褌褜 蟹邪 卸懈褌褌褟.
"携 锌褉褍褔邪谢邪褋褟 泄 褏芯褌褨谢邪 泻褉懈褔邪褌懈: "袙芯薪懈 芯褌-芯褌 锌褉懈泄写褍褌褜 褨 锌褉懈薪械褋褍褌褜 锌邪屑锌褍褕泻懈!"
锌褨写 褔邪褋 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 "蟹邪斜褍褌褌褟", 屑械薪械 薪邪蟹写芯谐薪邪谢芯 褉芯蟹褍屑褨薪薪褟 褌芯谐芯, 薪邪褋泻褨谢褜泻懈 褟 胁褋械 褋胁芯褦 卸懈褌褌褟 斜褍谢邪 褨 褦 卸邪写褨斜薪芯褞 写芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯. 褟 蟹斜懈褉邪褞 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 褉褨写薪懈褏, 薪褨斜懈 褋泻邪褉斜懈, 褏芯胁邪褞 褩褏 褍 褕泻邪褌褍谢泻褍, 褟泻褍 胁褨写泻褉懈胁邪褌懈 褖芯褉邪蟹 褋褌邪褦 胁褋械 褋褌褉邪褕薪褨褕械. 褌芯屑褍 褖芯 锌邪屑'褟褌褜 胁懈胁褨褌褉褞褦褌褜褋褟, 褌芯屑褍 褖芯 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褑褨 褉芯蟹屑懈褌褨 泄 褋褍锌械褉械褔谢懈胁褨 褋锌芯屑懈薪懈 锌褉芯 写懈褌懈薪褋褌胁芯 斜邪斜褍褋褨 蟹薪懈泻邪褞褌褜, 褟泻褖芯 薪邪写褌芯 写芯胁谐芯 褍 薪懈褏 胁写懈胁谢褟褌懈褋褟. 屑懈薪褍谢械 泻褉懈褏泻械 - 泻褉懈褏泻褨褕械 薪邪胁褨褌褜 蟹邪 卸懈褌褌褟.
"携 锌褉褍褔邪谢邪褋褟 泄 褏芯褌褨谢邪 泻褉懈褔邪褌懈: "袙芯薪懈 芯褌-芯褌 锌褉懈泄写褍褌褜 褨 锌褉懈薪械褋褍褌褜 锌邪屑锌褍褕泻懈!"
December 13, 2020
携 褋褌邪褉邪谢邪褋褟. 携 褋锌褉邪胁写褨 褋褌邪褉邪谢邪褋褟. 袗谢械 薪邪 80% 褌械泻褋褌褍 胁褋械 卸 斜褍写褍 胁胁邪卸邪褌懈, 褖芯 褟 褩褩 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪谢邪. 袧褍 邪谢械 褟 褩褩 写芯谐芯褉褌邪谢邪. 袪褨写泻芯 褌邪泻 褉芯斜谢褞. 袧械 卸邪谢褨褞.
袧械 蟹薪邪褞, 褔懈 褑械 蟹 泻薪懈谐芯褞 褖芯褋褜 薪械 褌邪泻, 褔懈 蟹褨 屑薪芯褞?
袦芯卸谢懈胁芯, 谢褨薪褨褟 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 屑械薪褨 斜 蟹邪泄褕谢邪, 褟泻斜懈 褟 蟹薪邪谢邪, 褖芯 褑械 斜褨谢褜褕-屑械薪褕 写芯褋褌芯胁褨褉薪懈泄 褏褍写芯卸薪褨泄 胁懈泻谢邪写 卸懈褌褌褟 谢褞写懈薪懈. 袗斜芯 褟泻褖芯 褟 斜 蟹薪邪谢邪 写芯 褌芯谐芯 褖芯褋褜 锌褉芯 泄芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 褨 屑芯谐谢邪 锌芯褉褨胁薪褞胁邪褌懈.
袦芯卸谢懈胁芯, 屑械薪褨 斜 蟹邪泄褕谢邪 谢褨薪褨褟 锌褉芯 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 谐械褉芯褩薪褞. 袗谢械 褟 胁蟹邪谐邪谢褨 薪械 褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 褨 薪械 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪, 褖芯 褌胁芯褉懈褌褜褋褟 蟹 薪械褞. 效芯屑褍 胁芯薪邪 褌邪泻 锌芯胁芯写懈褌褜褋褟 褨 褖芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 薪邪屑 褏芯褔械 褑懈屑 褋泻邪蟹邪褌懈.
袣芯褉芯褌褕械, 褋泻谢邪写薪芯. 袣薪懈谐邪 褉芯泻褍 袙袙小, 泻邪卸械褌械?
袧褍 蟹薪邪褔懈褌褜 褌邪泻, 褟 薪械 芯褋褟谐薪褍谢邪, 屑邪斜褍褌褜 鈽癸笍
袧械 蟹薪邪褞, 褔懈 褑械 蟹 泻薪懈谐芯褞 褖芯褋褜 薪械 褌邪泻, 褔懈 蟹褨 屑薪芯褞?
袦芯卸谢懈胁芯, 谢褨薪褨褟 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 屑械薪褨 斜 蟹邪泄褕谢邪, 褟泻斜懈 褟 蟹薪邪谢邪, 褖芯 褑械 斜褨谢褜褕-屑械薪褕 写芯褋褌芯胁褨褉薪懈泄 褏褍写芯卸薪褨泄 胁懈泻谢邪写 卸懈褌褌褟 谢褞写懈薪懈. 袗斜芯 褟泻褖芯 褟 斜 蟹薪邪谢邪 写芯 褌芯谐芯 褖芯褋褜 锌褉芯 泄芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 褨 屑芯谐谢邪 锌芯褉褨胁薪褞胁邪褌懈.
袦芯卸谢懈胁芯, 屑械薪褨 斜 蟹邪泄褕谢邪 谢褨薪褨褟 锌褉芯 谐芯谢芯胁薪褍 谐械褉芯褩薪褞. 袗谢械 褟 胁蟹邪谐邪谢褨 薪械 褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 褨 薪械 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪, 褖芯 褌胁芯褉懈褌褜褋褟 蟹 薪械褞. 效芯屑褍 胁芯薪邪 褌邪泻 锌芯胁芯写懈褌褜褋褟 褨 褖芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 薪邪屑 褏芯褔械 褑懈屑 褋泻邪蟹邪褌懈.
袣芯褉芯褌褕械, 褋泻谢邪写薪芯. 袣薪懈谐邪 褉芯泻褍 袙袙小, 泻邪卸械褌械?
袧褍 蟹薪邪褔懈褌褜 褌邪泻, 褟 薪械 芯褋褟谐薪褍谢邪, 屑邪斜褍褌褜 鈽癸笍
June 15, 2019
This was a narrow niche of a book, intertwining the life of a Ukranian folk-hero and a present day "I" character struggling for identity. The Soviet really was a nasty place, displacing entire people, erasing histories and languages. The book is well-written and sore, which is why I kept at it, but it wasn't all that exciting.
November 23, 2023
Forgottenness weaves back and forth between two stories, that of Viacheslav Lypynskyi, a true historical figure who believed fervently in Ukrainian independence and statehood, and an unnamed writer narrator I felt might be near-autobiographical on the part of author Tanja Malijatschuk. The book opens with the unnamed writer coming across announcements of Lypynskyi鈥檚 death in old Ukrainian and Ukrainian-American newspapers. Through research, she discovers he was in poor health for much of his life as she has been. She feels a connection to this man despite the fact that he lived decades before she did. It feels appropriate she鈥檚 developed this connection to such a distant figure as she loses her grasp on time and place.
At the center of Forgottenness, bridging the stories together, is the written word. I was struck at the amount of newspapers the unnamed writer referenced in that section where one protagonist discovered the other, as I suspect Malijatschuk wanted me to be. Throughout the two stories, we read references to more newspapers, poetry, diaries, novels, novellas, academic papers, notes, and letters, all written intentionally as a record and as a passing along of information.
When I started reading Forgottenness,, I knew next to nothing about Ukrainian history. Now I know a little bit more, and much of what I learned is that I still know very little. The back of this book says it is about identity, and that is true. Language is often a huge part of identity, and I suspected, from Malijatschuk鈥檚 focus, it was an especially integral part of Ukrainian identity. I did some (very light) research to learn more because I love this kind of thing: What became the Ukrainian language was first considered to be the peasant dialect of Polish Russia. It was outlawed once murmurs of independence were felt; outlaw the common language and you outlaw unity, stopping strength in numbers. The ban on the language, instead, caused its growth as well as a collection of intellectuals to move to the western parts of Ukraine. Talk of independence grew louder.
Although I do appreciate a concise book, I wish there had been more in either storyline. While Lypynskyi鈥檚 passion was clear, I never really understood what had lead to it, why he, born in Poland, felt so strongly on behalf of the movement for Ukrainian independence. As the unnamed writer鈥檚 story progressed, I felt less and less attached to her as a character. By the end of the book I wasn鈥檛 really sure what had happened, but the meditation on Orpingtons brought me back because I do have some knowledge of chickens and that breed in particular!
I figure background knowledge would make this book more comprehensive and enjoyable. There鈥檚 an intimacy that I think could be felt by a reader who was fluent in Ukrainian culture and identity that just went over my head. That feeling you get when you wonder if an inside joke might have been shared in your presence. I recommend this book if you are curious because maybe you will be in on what I missed, and I expect that would be very rewarding.
Many thanks to W.W. Norton & Company for the advanced copy.
At the center of Forgottenness, bridging the stories together, is the written word. I was struck at the amount of newspapers the unnamed writer referenced in that section where one protagonist discovered the other, as I suspect Malijatschuk wanted me to be. Throughout the two stories, we read references to more newspapers, poetry, diaries, novels, novellas, academic papers, notes, and letters, all written intentionally as a record and as a passing along of information.
When I started reading Forgottenness,, I knew next to nothing about Ukrainian history. Now I know a little bit more, and much of what I learned is that I still know very little. The back of this book says it is about identity, and that is true. Language is often a huge part of identity, and I suspected, from Malijatschuk鈥檚 focus, it was an especially integral part of Ukrainian identity. I did some (very light) research to learn more because I love this kind of thing: What became the Ukrainian language was first considered to be the peasant dialect of Polish Russia. It was outlawed once murmurs of independence were felt; outlaw the common language and you outlaw unity, stopping strength in numbers. The ban on the language, instead, caused its growth as well as a collection of intellectuals to move to the western parts of Ukraine. Talk of independence grew louder.
Although I do appreciate a concise book, I wish there had been more in either storyline. While Lypynskyi鈥檚 passion was clear, I never really understood what had lead to it, why he, born in Poland, felt so strongly on behalf of the movement for Ukrainian independence. As the unnamed writer鈥檚 story progressed, I felt less and less attached to her as a character. By the end of the book I wasn鈥檛 really sure what had happened, but the meditation on Orpingtons brought me back because I do have some knowledge of chickens and that breed in particular!
I figure background knowledge would make this book more comprehensive and enjoyable. There鈥檚 an intimacy that I think could be felt by a reader who was fluent in Ukrainian culture and identity that just went over my head. That feeling you get when you wonder if an inside joke might have been shared in your presence. I recommend this book if you are curious because maybe you will be in on what I missed, and I expect that would be very rewarding.
Many thanks to W.W. Norton & Company for the advanced copy.
January 21, 2024
袗薪芯褌邪褑褨褟 泻薪懈谐懈 写芯胁芯谢褨 蟹邪谐邪谢褜薪邪, 褌芯屑褍 锌芯褔薪褍 蟹 褌芯谐芯, 锌褉芯 褖芯 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 "袟邪斜褍褌褌褟". 袪芯屑邪薪 屑邪褦 写胁褨 褋褞卸械褌薪褨 谢褨薪褨褩: 1. 芯卸懈胁谢械薪邪 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褟 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 (袙邪褑谢邪胁邪) 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 - 锌芯谢褟泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 胁胁邪卸邪胁 褋械斜械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褑械屑 褌邪 谐芯胁芯褉懈胁 锌褉芯 芯泻褉械屑褨褕薪褨褋褌褜 褌邪 锌芯褌械薪褑褨邪谢 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 薪邪褑褨褩 写芯 褌芯谐芯, 褟泻 褑械 褋褌邪谢芯 锌芯锌褍谢褟褉薪懈屑; 2. 褉芯蟹锌芯胁褨写褜 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 褉芯屑邪薪褍 (邪胁褌芯斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褔薪邪?) 锌褉芯 褩褩 卸懈褌褌褟, 褋褨屑'褞, 泻芯褏邪薪薪褟, 锌褋懈褏芯谢芯谐褨褔薪褨 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 褌邪 锌褉懈褔懈薪懈 褩褩 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁谢械薪芯褋褌褨 褋邪屑械 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈屑.
携泻 褋锌褉懈泄屑邪褦褌褜褋褟 褋褞卸械褌? 袛芯胁芯谢褨 锌褉芯褋褌芯. 些芯锌褉邪胁写邪 褟 锌褉芯褋谢褍褏邪谢邪 褉芯屑邪薪 薪邪 袗斜褍褑褨, 泄 锌芯蟹懈褌懈胁薪芯屑褍 写芯褋胁褨写褍 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 锌芯褋锌褉懈褟谢邪 褔褍写芯胁邪 芯蟹胁褍褔泻邪. 袗谢械 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 胁屑褨谢芯 锌芯写邪谢邪 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 胁芯薪邪 泄 褑褨泻邪胁邪, 泄 胁 屑褨褉褍 写褉邪屑邪褌懈褔薪邪, 泄 胁 屑褨褉褍 屑械谢邪薪褏芯谢褨泄薪邪. 袗 褌械, 褖芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 胁褨写褌褨薪褟褦 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 蟹褨, 蟹写邪胁邪谢芯褋褟 斜, 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 褨薪褕懈屑懈 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪屑懈, 薪褨卸 胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 写芯写邪褦 褏芯褉芯褕懈泄 泻芯薪褌褉邪褋褌.
携泻 褑械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪芯? 笑械 泻谢褞褔芯胁械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 泄 泻谢褞褔芯胁邪 锌械褉械胁邪谐邪 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褟泻 屑械薪褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟. 袦芯胁邪 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 写褍卸械 谐邪褉薪邪 褍 褋胁芯褩褏 屑械褌邪褎芯褉邪褏, 邪谢械 薪械 锌褉械胁邪薪褌邪卸械薪芯 锌懈褕薪邪. 袛械褟泻褨 屑械褌邪褎芯褉懈, 褟泻 锌褉芯 泻懈褌邪 - 薪褍 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褍 褋邪屑械 褋械褉写械薪褜泻芯!馃敟
袩褉芯 蟹邪谐邪谢褜薪褨 胁褉邪卸械薪薪褟. 袦械薪褨 斜褍谢芯 薪械芯褔褨泻褍胁邪薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褔邪褋褌懈薪褍 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褏芯褔邪 薪械 谢褞斜谢褞 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褩). 袩谢褞褋 屑械薪褨 斜褍谢邪 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褋邪屑邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟, 褟 褏芯褌褨谢邪 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨褌懈 锌褉懈褔懈薪懈 褩褩 邪卸 薪邪褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 锌邪谢泻芯谐芯 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁谢械薪薪褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈屑. 袧褍 泄 褋邪屑邪 褋邪屑芯褉械褎谢械泻褋褨褟 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 写芯胁芯谢褨 褔褍褌褌褦胁邪, 邪谢械 薪械 褨薪褌懈屑薪邪, 褌芯屑褍 屑械薪褨 薪械 斜褍谢芯 薪褨褟泻芯胁芯.
袨褑褨薪泻邪: 猸愶笍猸愶笍猸愶笍猸愶笍
效芯屑褍 薪械 5 蟹褨褉芯褔芯泻? 小褌邪胁懈谢邪 芯褑褨薪泻褍 芯写褉邪蟹褍 锌芯 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪薪褞, 泄 褌芯写褨 屑械薪褨 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔懈谢芯 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪芯褋褌褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩, 谢芯谐褨泻懈 锌芯褦写薪邪薪薪褟 写胁芯褏 褋褞卸械褌薪懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄. 袉 褑械 薪械 锌褉芯 胁褨写泻褉懈褌懈泄 褎褨薪邪谢, 斜芯 泄芯谐芯 褌邪屑 薪械屑邪褦. 袗 胁卸械 锌褨蟹薪褨褕械, 褟泻 胁褉邪卸械薪薪褟 褋褌邪谢懈 屑械薪褕 械屑芯褑褨泄薪懈屑懈, 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪, 褖芯 屑芯卸械 褋邪屑 褎邪泻褌 褨褋薪褍胁邪薪薪褟 泻薪懈谐懈 褨 褦 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪薪褟屑 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨. 啸褌芯 蟹薪邪褦...
袪械泻芯屑械薪写褍褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褌邪 褋谢褍褏邪褌懈, 泻薪懈谐邪 褌芯褔薪芯 胁邪褉褌褍褦 胁邪褕芯谐芯 褔邪褋褍馃挌
携泻 褋锌褉懈泄屑邪褦褌褜褋褟 褋褞卸械褌? 袛芯胁芯谢褨 锌褉芯褋褌芯. 些芯锌褉邪胁写邪 褟 锌褉芯褋谢褍褏邪谢邪 褉芯屑邪薪 薪邪 袗斜褍褑褨, 泄 锌芯蟹懈褌懈胁薪芯屑褍 写芯褋胁褨写褍 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 锌芯褋锌褉懈褟谢邪 褔褍写芯胁邪 芯蟹胁褍褔泻邪. 袗谢械 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪 薪邪褋锌褉邪胁写褨 胁屑褨谢芯 锌芯写邪谢邪 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 胁芯薪邪 泄 褑褨泻邪胁邪, 泄 胁 屑褨褉褍 写褉邪屑邪褌懈褔薪邪, 泄 胁 屑褨褉褍 屑械谢邪薪褏芯谢褨泄薪邪. 袗 褌械, 褖芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 胁褨写褌褨薪褟褦 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 蟹褨, 蟹写邪胁邪谢芯褋褟 斜, 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 褨薪褕懈屑懈 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪屑懈, 薪褨卸 胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 写芯写邪褦 褏芯褉芯褕懈泄 泻芯薪褌褉邪褋褌.
携泻 褑械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪芯? 笑械 泻谢褞褔芯胁械 锌懈褌邪薪薪褟 泄 泻谢褞褔芯胁邪 锌械褉械胁邪谐邪 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褟泻 屑械薪褨 蟹写邪褦褌褜褋褟. 袦芯胁邪 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 写褍卸械 谐邪褉薪邪 褍 褋胁芯褩褏 屑械褌邪褎芯褉邪褏, 邪谢械 薪械 锌褉械胁邪薪褌邪卸械薪芯 锌懈褕薪邪. 袛械褟泻褨 屑械褌邪褎芯褉懈, 褟泻 锌褉芯 泻懈褌邪 - 薪褍 锌褉芯褋褌芯 褍 褋邪屑械 褋械褉写械薪褜泻芯!馃敟
袩褉芯 蟹邪谐邪谢褜薪褨 胁褉邪卸械薪薪褟. 袦械薪褨 斜褍谢芯 薪械芯褔褨泻褍胁邪薪芯 褑褨泻邪胁芯 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褔邪褋褌懈薪褍 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褏芯褔邪 薪械 谢褞斜谢褞 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褩). 袩谢褞褋 屑械薪褨 斜褍谢邪 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褋邪屑邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褟, 褟 褏芯褌褨谢邪 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨褌懈 锌褉懈褔懈薪懈 褩褩 邪卸 薪邪褋褌褨谢褜泻懈 锌邪谢泻芯谐芯 蟹邪褑褨泻邪胁谢械薪薪褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈屑. 袧褍 泄 褋邪屑邪 褋邪屑芯褉械褎谢械泻褋褨褟 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 写芯胁芯谢褨 褔褍褌褌褦胁邪, 邪谢械 薪械 褨薪褌懈屑薪邪, 褌芯屑褍 屑械薪褨 薪械 斜褍谢芯 薪褨褟泻芯胁芯.
袨褑褨薪泻邪: 猸愶笍猸愶笍猸愶笍猸愶笍
效芯屑褍 薪械 5 蟹褨褉芯褔芯泻? 小褌邪胁懈谢邪 芯褑褨薪泻褍 芯写褉邪蟹褍 锌芯 锌褉芯褔懈褌邪薪薪褞, 泄 褌芯写褨 屑械薪褨 薪械 胁懈褋褌邪褔懈谢芯 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪芯褋褌褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩, 谢芯谐褨泻懈 锌芯褦写薪邪薪薪褟 写胁芯褏 褋褞卸械褌薪懈褏 谢褨薪褨泄. 袉 褑械 薪械 锌褉芯 胁褨写泻褉懈褌懈泄 褎褨薪邪谢, 斜芯 泄芯谐芯 褌邪屑 薪械屑邪褦. 袗 胁卸械 锌褨蟹薪褨褕械, 褟泻 胁褉邪卸械薪薪褟 褋褌邪谢懈 屑械薪褕 械屑芯褑褨泄薪懈屑懈, 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪, 褖芯 屑芯卸械 褋邪屑 褎邪泻褌 褨褋薪褍胁邪薪薪褟 泻薪懈谐懈 褨 褦 蟹邪胁械褉褕械薪薪褟屑 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨. 啸褌芯 蟹薪邪褦...
袪械泻芯屑械薪写褍褞 褔懈褌邪褌懈 褌邪 褋谢褍褏邪褌懈, 泻薪懈谐邪 褌芯褔薪芯 胁邪褉褌褍褦 胁邪褕芯谐芯 褔邪褋褍馃挌
February 7, 2024
小懈屑锌邪褌懈蟹褍褞 锌褨写褏芯写褍 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 写芯 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪薪褟 褌胁芯褉褨胁: 袧芯斜械谢褨胁褋褜泻邪 锌褉械屑褨褟 蟹邪 胁懈薪邪泄写械薪薪褟 褋褌褉械锌褌芯屑褨褑懈薪褍, 芯锌褨薪覒褌芯薪褋褜泻褨 泻褍褉懈 "褎械薪芯屑械薪邪" 袙邪褑谢邪胁邪-袙始褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 斜褍写懈薪泻懈 胁 袟邪褌褍褉褑褟褏, 袪褍褋邪谢褨胁褋褜泻懈褏 效邪谐邪褉邪褏, 邪胁褋褌褉褨泄褋褜泻芯屑褍 袘邪写械覒覒褍.
袨谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 袨谢械褋褜 薪邪胁褨写褍胁邪胁褋褟 褍 泻邪胁始褟褉薪褞 Central 褍 袙褨写薪褨. 袩芯褋褌褉褨谢 褍 小懈屑芯薪邪 袩械褌谢褞褉褍 谢褍薪邪褦 斜褨谢褟 泻薪懈谐邪褉薪褨 薪邪 褉芯蟹褨 胁褍谢懈褑褨 袪邪褋褨薪邪 褨 斜褍谢褜胁邪褉褍 小械薪-袦褨褕械谢褜 褍 袩邪褉懈卸褨. 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褍 肖褉邪薪泻褨胁褋褜泻褍 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔邪褦褌褜褋褟 蟹 锌芯谢泻芯胁薪懈泻芯屑 袩械褌褉芯屑 袘邪谢斜芯褔邪薪芯屑 褍 谐芯褌械谢褨 "校薪褨芯薪".
啸胁芯褉懈泄 肖褉邪薪泻芯 褏芯写懈褌褜 胁褍谢懈褑褟屑懈 袣懈褦胁邪: 袙械谢懈泻芯褞 袩褨写胁邪谢褜薪芯褞 (携褉芯褋谢邪胁褨胁 袙邪谢), 袘械蟹邪泻褨胁褋褜泻芯褞 (小懈屑芯薪邪 袩械褌谢褞褉懈), 袦邪褉褨褩薪褋褜泻芯-袘谢邪谐芯胁褨褖械薪褋褜泻芯褞 (小邪泻褋邪谐邪薪褋褜泻芯谐芯). 袩械褉械泻谢邪写 "袗屑芯褉 褨 袩褋褨褏械" 斜械蟹褍屑薪芯谐芯 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈泻邪 屑懈屑芯胁褨谢褜薪芯 胁褨写薪芯褋懈褌褜 写芯 薪械褖芯写邪胁薪芯 锌褉械蟹械薪褌芯胁邪薪芯褩 泻薪懈谐懈 袙芯谢芯写懈屑懈褉邪 袆褉屑芯谢械薪泻邪 "袝褉芯褋 褨 袩褋懈褏械褟", 写械 锌褉芯 肖褉邪薪泻邪 邪胁褌芯褉 薪械 锌懈褕械, 锌褉芯褌械 褉芯蟹屑褨褉泻芯胁褍褦 锌褉芯 薪邪褕褍 械锌芯褏褍 袘谢懈蟹褜泻芯褋褌褨 泄 写芯胁谐褍 锌芯写芯褉芯卸 薪邪蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔 袛邪谢械泻芯屑褍 褨 褟泻 芯斜懈写胁邪 蟹 褑懈褏 锌芯谢褞褋褨胁 屑懈 褔邪褋 胁褨写 褔邪褋褍 胁褌褉邪褔邪褦屑芯.
袙懈 蟹薪邪谢懈, 褖芯 褍 肖褨谢邪写械谢褜褎褨褩 写褨褦 小褏褨写薪芯褦胁褉芯锌械泄褋褜泻懈泄 写芯褋谢褨写薪懈泄 褨薪褋褌懈褌褍褌 褨屑械薪褨 袙始褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯?
"携 鈥� 薪邪褖邪写芯泻 锌芯泻芯褉懈 褨 褋褌褉邪褏褍 褋屑械褉褌褨".
袗 褖械 孝械褌褟薪邪 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 屑邪褦 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌 写芯 袘芯谢械褏芯胁邪. 效懈 褏褌芯褋褜 蟹薪邪褦, 褔芯屑褍?
袙写懈褏-胁懈写懈褏...
袨谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 袨谢械褋褜 薪邪胁褨写褍胁邪胁褋褟 褍 泻邪胁始褟褉薪褞 Central 褍 袙褨写薪褨. 袩芯褋褌褉褨谢 褍 小懈屑芯薪邪 袩械褌谢褞褉褍 谢褍薪邪褦 斜褨谢褟 泻薪懈谐邪褉薪褨 薪邪 褉芯蟹褨 胁褍谢懈褑褨 袪邪褋褨薪邪 褨 斜褍谢褜胁邪褉褍 小械薪-袦褨褕械谢褜 褍 袩邪褉懈卸褨. 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 褍 肖褉邪薪泻褨胁褋褜泻褍 蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔邪褦褌褜褋褟 蟹 锌芯谢泻芯胁薪懈泻芯屑 袩械褌褉芯屑 袘邪谢斜芯褔邪薪芯屑 褍 谐芯褌械谢褨 "校薪褨芯薪".
啸胁芯褉懈泄 肖褉邪薪泻芯 褏芯写懈褌褜 胁褍谢懈褑褟屑懈 袣懈褦胁邪: 袙械谢懈泻芯褞 袩褨写胁邪谢褜薪芯褞 (携褉芯褋谢邪胁褨胁 袙邪谢), 袘械蟹邪泻褨胁褋褜泻芯褞 (小懈屑芯薪邪 袩械褌谢褞褉懈), 袦邪褉褨褩薪褋褜泻芯-袘谢邪谐芯胁褨褖械薪褋褜泻芯褞 (小邪泻褋邪谐邪薪褋褜泻芯谐芯). 袩械褉械泻谢邪写 "袗屑芯褉 褨 袩褋褨褏械" 斜械蟹褍屑薪芯谐芯 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈泻邪 屑懈屑芯胁褨谢褜薪芯 胁褨写薪芯褋懈褌褜 写芯 薪械褖芯写邪胁薪芯 锌褉械蟹械薪褌芯胁邪薪芯褩 泻薪懈谐懈 袙芯谢芯写懈屑懈褉邪 袆褉屑芯谢械薪泻邪 "袝褉芯褋 褨 袩褋懈褏械褟", 写械 锌褉芯 肖褉邪薪泻邪 邪胁褌芯褉 薪械 锌懈褕械, 锌褉芯褌械 褉芯蟹屑褨褉泻芯胁褍褦 锌褉芯 薪邪褕褍 械锌芯褏褍 袘谢懈蟹褜泻芯褋褌褨 泄 写芯胁谐褍 锌芯写芯褉芯卸 薪邪蟹褍褋褌褉褨褔 袛邪谢械泻芯屑褍 褨 褟泻 芯斜懈写胁邪 蟹 褑懈褏 锌芯谢褞褋褨胁 屑懈 褔邪褋 胁褨写 褔邪褋褍 胁褌褉邪褔邪褦屑芯.
袙懈 蟹薪邪谢懈, 褖芯 褍 肖褨谢邪写械谢褜褎褨褩 写褨褦 小褏褨写薪芯褦胁褉芯锌械泄褋褜泻懈泄 写芯褋谢褨写薪懈泄 褨薪褋褌懈褌褍褌 褨屑械薪褨 袙始褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯?
"携 鈥� 薪邪褖邪写芯泻 锌芯泻芯褉懈 褨 褋褌褉邪褏褍 褋屑械褉褌褨".
袗 褖械 孝械褌褟薪邪 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 屑邪褦 褋械薪褌懈屑械薪褌 写芯 袘芯谢械褏芯胁邪. 效懈 褏褌芯褋褜 蟹薪邪褦, 褔芯屑褍?
袙写懈褏-胁懈写懈褏...
June 21, 2024
Pierwsze co wywar艂o na mnie wra偶enie w czasie lektury 鈥淶apomnienia鈥� ukrai艅skiej pisarki Tanii Malarczuk to osza艂amiaj膮ce wr臋cz pi臋kno j臋zyka jakim sprawnie pos艂uguje si臋 autorka. To j臋zyk bogaty w wysmakowane poetyckie metafory, pe艂en wra偶liwo艣ci i finezji, nierzadko skrz膮cy si臋 od inteligentnego humoru.
Tym kunsztownym stylem autorka przybli偶a czytelnikowi dwie wsp贸艂istniej膮ce historie - 偶yj膮cego 100 lat temu Polaka z urodzenia, Ukrai艅ca z wyboru - pisarza politycznego Wac艂awa 鈥淲iaczes艂awa鈥� Lipi艅skiego i wsp贸艂cze艣nie opisuj膮cej jego 偶ycie m艂odej ukrai艅skiej pisarki. Te dwie odleg艂e od siebie o wiek opowie艣ci 艂膮czy motyw l臋ku przed p贸j艣ciem w niepami臋膰, zagini臋cia w odm臋tach ludzkiej i historycznej niepami臋ci - jak wskazuje sam tytu艂 - bycia zapomnianym. G艂贸wna bohaterka rekonstruuj膮c dzieje 偶ycia i bogat膮 polityczno-publicystyczn膮 dzia艂alno艣膰 Lipi艅skiego jednocze艣nie odtwarza histori臋 samej Ukrainy - formowanie si臋 jej pa艅stwowo艣ci, wyboiste losy i ci膮g艂膮 walk臋 o niezale偶no艣膰 i samoistno艣膰. Ta powie艣膰 to wspania艂a lekcja historii - Malarczuk jako Ukrainka zwraca uwag臋 na wiele aspekt贸w i wydarze艅 historycznych kluczowych, niezwykle istotnych dla swoich rodak贸w, o kt贸rych zagraniczni pisarze i dziennikarze mog膮 w og贸le nie mie膰 poj臋cia. Poza zdolno艣ci膮 do barwnego opisania dziej贸w pa艅stwa autorka wspaniale potrafi wykreowa膰 偶ywe, pe艂nokrwiste postaci. Lipi艅ski wy艂aniaj膮cy si臋 z kart ksi膮偶ki to osobnik nader charyzmatyczny, pe艂en pasji, wierz膮cy w swoje cele. Czytaj膮c rozdzia艂y biograficzno-historyczne ca艂y czas mia艂am w g艂owie 鈥淧okor臋鈥� i 鈥淐ho艂od鈥� Twardocha, bo bohater 鈥淶apomnienia鈥� 艣mia艂o m贸g艂by by膰 alter ego Twardochowych postaci. Ta sama bu艅czuczno艣膰 i krn膮brno艣膰, idealizm i problem z to偶samo艣ci膮 narodow膮. U Malarczuk jeszcze rzuca si臋 w oczy skrupulatno艣膰 i g艂臋bia psychologiczna z jak膮 zbudowa艂a 鈥渟wojego鈥� Lipi艅skiego - to bohater, kt贸ry zmienia si臋 na kartach ksi膮偶ki, b臋d膮cy ci膮gle w ruchu - targany przez emocje, 偶膮dz臋, idee, ulegaj膮cy ewolucji znanej jako dojrzewanie - od czupurnego, upartego m艂odzie艅ca do dojrza艂ego, odpowiedzialnego i 艣wiadomego ogranicze艅 powa偶anego polityka. Pomimo powy偶ej wyg艂oszonych pean贸w pochwalnych finalnie 鈥淶apomnienie鈥� pozostawi艂o mnie z uczuciem niedosytu. Historia wsp贸艂czesnej pisarki - poza znakomitym, szalenie intryguj膮cym pocz膮tkiem i pierwsz膮 pe艂n膮 subtelnego, acz rozpalaj膮cego wyobra藕ni臋 erotyzmu opowie艣ci膮 - wypada艂a blado, nieinteresuj膮co przy pasjonuj膮cych dziejach i osobowo艣ci Lipi艅skiego. Zbyt cz臋sto te偶 nie mog艂am si臋 op臋dzi膰 od wra偶enia, 偶e po艂膮czenie tych dw贸ch w膮tk贸w jest zbyt naci膮gane, kompletnie nierealne. Z opowie艣ci o Lipi艅skim Malarczuk r贸wnie偶 mog艂a wycisn膮膰 znacznie wi臋cej. Skrz臋tnie odmalowane dzieci艅stwo, nastoletnio艣膰 i okres wzmo偶onej aktywno艣ci pisarsko-politycznej 鈥淲iaczes艂awa鈥� raptownie si臋 urywaj膮 i ostatnie lata 偶ycia potraktowane s膮 po 艂ebkach. Ostatnie 50 stron 鈥淶apomnienia鈥� to dobitny spadek poziomu - z dotychczasowej zajmuj膮cej, 偶ywej historii uchodzi ca艂a energia.
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Tym kunsztownym stylem autorka przybli偶a czytelnikowi dwie wsp贸艂istniej膮ce historie - 偶yj膮cego 100 lat temu Polaka z urodzenia, Ukrai艅ca z wyboru - pisarza politycznego Wac艂awa 鈥淲iaczes艂awa鈥� Lipi艅skiego i wsp贸艂cze艣nie opisuj膮cej jego 偶ycie m艂odej ukrai艅skiej pisarki. Te dwie odleg艂e od siebie o wiek opowie艣ci 艂膮czy motyw l臋ku przed p贸j艣ciem w niepami臋膰, zagini臋cia w odm臋tach ludzkiej i historycznej niepami臋ci - jak wskazuje sam tytu艂 - bycia zapomnianym. G艂贸wna bohaterka rekonstruuj膮c dzieje 偶ycia i bogat膮 polityczno-publicystyczn膮 dzia艂alno艣膰 Lipi艅skiego jednocze艣nie odtwarza histori臋 samej Ukrainy - formowanie si臋 jej pa艅stwowo艣ci, wyboiste losy i ci膮g艂膮 walk臋 o niezale偶no艣膰 i samoistno艣膰. Ta powie艣膰 to wspania艂a lekcja historii - Malarczuk jako Ukrainka zwraca uwag臋 na wiele aspekt贸w i wydarze艅 historycznych kluczowych, niezwykle istotnych dla swoich rodak贸w, o kt贸rych zagraniczni pisarze i dziennikarze mog膮 w og贸le nie mie膰 poj臋cia. Poza zdolno艣ci膮 do barwnego opisania dziej贸w pa艅stwa autorka wspaniale potrafi wykreowa膰 偶ywe, pe艂nokrwiste postaci. Lipi艅ski wy艂aniaj膮cy si臋 z kart ksi膮偶ki to osobnik nader charyzmatyczny, pe艂en pasji, wierz膮cy w swoje cele. Czytaj膮c rozdzia艂y biograficzno-historyczne ca艂y czas mia艂am w g艂owie 鈥淧okor臋鈥� i 鈥淐ho艂od鈥� Twardocha, bo bohater 鈥淶apomnienia鈥� 艣mia艂o m贸g艂by by膰 alter ego Twardochowych postaci. Ta sama bu艅czuczno艣膰 i krn膮brno艣膰, idealizm i problem z to偶samo艣ci膮 narodow膮. U Malarczuk jeszcze rzuca si臋 w oczy skrupulatno艣膰 i g艂臋bia psychologiczna z jak膮 zbudowa艂a 鈥渟wojego鈥� Lipi艅skiego - to bohater, kt贸ry zmienia si臋 na kartach ksi膮偶ki, b臋d膮cy ci膮gle w ruchu - targany przez emocje, 偶膮dz臋, idee, ulegaj膮cy ewolucji znanej jako dojrzewanie - od czupurnego, upartego m艂odzie艅ca do dojrza艂ego, odpowiedzialnego i 艣wiadomego ogranicze艅 powa偶anego polityka. Pomimo powy偶ej wyg艂oszonych pean贸w pochwalnych finalnie 鈥淶apomnienie鈥� pozostawi艂o mnie z uczuciem niedosytu. Historia wsp贸艂czesnej pisarki - poza znakomitym, szalenie intryguj膮cym pocz膮tkiem i pierwsz膮 pe艂n膮 subtelnego, acz rozpalaj膮cego wyobra藕ni臋 erotyzmu opowie艣ci膮 - wypada艂a blado, nieinteresuj膮co przy pasjonuj膮cych dziejach i osobowo艣ci Lipi艅skiego. Zbyt cz臋sto te偶 nie mog艂am si臋 op臋dzi膰 od wra偶enia, 偶e po艂膮czenie tych dw贸ch w膮tk贸w jest zbyt naci膮gane, kompletnie nierealne. Z opowie艣ci o Lipi艅skim Malarczuk r贸wnie偶 mog艂a wycisn膮膰 znacznie wi臋cej. Skrz臋tnie odmalowane dzieci艅stwo, nastoletnio艣膰 i okres wzmo偶onej aktywno艣ci pisarsko-politycznej 鈥淲iaczes艂awa鈥� raptownie si臋 urywaj膮 i ostatnie lata 偶ycia potraktowane s膮 po 艂ebkach. Ostatnie 50 stron 鈥淶apomnienia鈥� to dobitny spadek poziomu - z dotychczasowej zajmuj膮cej, 偶ywej historii uchodzi ca艂a energia.
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July 27, 2020
鈥濧ngelus鈥� pojedzie w tym roku na wsch贸d (mimo 偶e jeszcze druga po艂贸wka p贸艂finalist贸w przede mn膮), jak nie do Rosji, to na Ukrain臋...
Niezwyk艂a ksi膮偶ka o niezwyk艂ym cz艂owieku.
(I pomy艣le膰, 偶e na pocz膮tku epidemii ogl膮da艂em bardzo dobry rosyjski serial na podstawie 鈥濨ia艂ej Gwardii鈥�, gdzie hetman Skoropadski jest jedn膮 z kluczowych postaci...)
To jedna z takich ksi膮偶ek, kt贸re wr臋cz prowokuj膮 do gdybania... a gdyby Chmielnicki dogada艂 z Polakami i powsta艂膮 Rzeczpospolita Trojga Narod贸w? A gdyby Pi艂sudski jednak zosta艂 akuszerem niepodleg艂ej Ukrainy? Jak potoczy艂y by si臋 nasze losy? Czy mieli艣my cho膰by przez moment szans臋 na takie skonfederowane pa艅stwo? czy zaprzyja藕nionych s膮siad贸w oddzielaj膮cych nas od Rosji? Co to jest "Nar贸d"? Co go okre艣la? KTO go okre艣la?
No i ta dw贸jka r贸wnoleg艂ych neurotycznych bohater贸w...
Arcyciekawa ksi膮偶ka.
Niezwyk艂a ksi膮偶ka o niezwyk艂ym cz艂owieku.
(I pomy艣le膰, 偶e na pocz膮tku epidemii ogl膮da艂em bardzo dobry rosyjski serial na podstawie 鈥濨ia艂ej Gwardii鈥�, gdzie hetman Skoropadski jest jedn膮 z kluczowych postaci...)
To jedna z takich ksi膮偶ek, kt贸re wr臋cz prowokuj膮 do gdybania... a gdyby Chmielnicki dogada艂 z Polakami i powsta艂膮 Rzeczpospolita Trojga Narod贸w? A gdyby Pi艂sudski jednak zosta艂 akuszerem niepodleg艂ej Ukrainy? Jak potoczy艂y by si臋 nasze losy? Czy mieli艣my cho膰by przez moment szans臋 na takie skonfederowane pa艅stwo? czy zaprzyja藕nionych s膮siad贸w oddzielaj膮cych nas od Rosji? Co to jest "Nar贸d"? Co go okre艣la? KTO go okre艣la?
No i ta dw贸jka r贸wnoleg艂ych neurotycznych bohater贸w...
Arcyciekawa ksi膮偶ka.
November 27, 2021
携 褋谢褍褏邪谢邪 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪 袗斜褍泻, 邪谢械 蟹邪褏芯褌褨谢邪 锌褉懈写斜邪褌懈 褨 屑邪褌懈 褍 褋械斜械, 写芯褔懈褌褍褞 胁卸械 胁 锌邪锌械褉芯胁芯屑褍 胁邪褉褨邪薪褌褨. 袩芯写芯斜邪褦褌褜褋褟. 效懈褌邪谢邪 薪械 写褍卸械 褋褏胁邪谢褜薪褨 胁褨写谐褍泻懈, 邪谢械 褋褍写卸褍 薪械 褟泻 褨褋褌芯褉懈泻, 邪 褟泻 蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪邪 褔懈褌邪褔泻邪, 褖芯 锌芯谢褞斜谢褟褦 泻薪懈谐懈, 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪褨 胁褨写芯屑懈屑 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪懈屑 锌芯褋褌邪褌褟屑. 袩芯写褨褩 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪褨 锌芯褦写薪褍褞褌褜褋褟 蟹 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨褋褌褞, 胁写邪谢芯 胁懈泻芯褉懈褋褌邪薪芯 锌褉懈泄芯屑, 锌芯锟斤拷'褟蟹邪薪懈泄 蟹 锌械褉械写邪褔械褞 褨薪褎芯褉屑邪褑褨褩 褔械褉械蟹 褋褌邪褉褨 谐邪蟹械褌懈. 袗胁褌芯褉泻邪 屑芯谢芯写械褑褜.
January 31, 2017
袧芯胁懈泄 褉芯屑邪薪 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄, 褖芯 胁懈泄褕芯胁 褍 胁懈写邪胁薪懈褑褌胁褨 袙小袥 2016 褉芯泻褍, 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪懈泄 褌械屑邪屑 褔邪褋褍, 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃�, 写械锌褉械褋褨褩, 谢褞斜芯胁褨 泄 薪械蟹邪斜褍胁邪薪薪褟. 袙褨薪 褋泻谢邪写邪褦褌褜褋褟 蟹 写胁芯褏 薪械褉褨胁薪懈褏 蟹邪 芯斜褋褟谐芯屑 写褉邪屑 卸懈褌褌褟: 写褉邪屑懈 屑邪谢芯 泻懈屑 锌褉懈泄薪褟褌芯谐芯 褍泻褉邪褩薪芯褎褨谢褜褋褌胁邪 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褨 薪械褖邪褋褌褟 泄芯谐芯 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟; 写褉邪屑懈 褋邪屑芯褩 邪胁褌芯褉泻懈 褌械泻褋褌褍: 褩褩 谢褞斜芯胁械泄, 褉芯蟹褔邪褉褍胁邪薪褜, 薪械胁褉芯蟹褍 泄 褕谢褟褏褍 写芯 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪薪褟 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褩 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 袩械褉褕褍 屑芯卸薪邪 斜褍谢芯 斜 薪邪胁褨褌褜 薪邪蟹胁邪褌懈 褉芯屑邪薪芯屑 褍 褉芯屑邪薪褨, 褟泻斜懈 薪械 褌芯泄 褎邪泻褌, 褖芯 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹邪泄屑邪褦 斜褨谢褜褕褍 褔邪褋褌懈薪褍 褌胁芯褉褍 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 斜邪 斜褨谢褜褕械 鈥� 褦 泄芯谐芯 褑械薪褌褉芯屑, 薪邪胁泻芯谢芯 褟泻芯谐芯 泄 褋泻芯薪褋褌褉褍泄芯胁邪薪械 卸懈褌褌褟 谐芯谢芯胁薪芯褩 谐械褉芯褩薪褨. 孝邪泻邪 锌芯斜褍写芯胁邪 褋褞卸械褌褍 写芯褋懈褌褜 锌邪褉邪写芯泻褋邪谢褜薪邪, 邪写卸械 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 胁谢邪褋薪械 邪胁褌芯褉褑褨 褎褨泻褑褨芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯 褌械泻褋褌褍, 褦 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 屑械薪褕 胁邪谐芯屑芯褞 褨 褋械屑邪薪褌懈褔薪芯 锌褨写泻芯褉械薪芯褞 褑褜芯屑褍 褌械泻褋褌芯胁褨.
1. 袣芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑褨褟
笑褨泻邪胁芯 蟹邪褍胁邪卸懈褌懈, 褖芯 褏芯褔邪 锌芯褋褌邪褌褜 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 胁 褑褨谢芯屑褍 胁邪卸谢懈胁邪 写谢褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 蟹 锌褍斜谢褨褔薪芯谐芯 斜芯泻褍, 邪写卸械 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 鈥� 褑械 屑褨薪褨褋褌褉 蟹邪泻芯褉写芯薪薪懈褏 褋锌褉邪胁 胁 褍褉褟写褨 袩邪胁谢邪 小泻芯褉芯锌邪写褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 褟泻邪 锌懈褕械 泄芯谐芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞, 褨 胁谢邪褋薪械 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹褕懈褌芯 薪邪 褉褨胁薪褨 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌懈褏 写褉邪屑. 些芯锌褉邪胁写邪, 泻褉褨屑 褎邪泻褌褍 泻褉邪褏褍 谢褞斜芯胁薪懈褏 褋褌芯褋褍薪泻褨胁, 褋褏芯卸芯褋褌褨 斜褨谢褜褕械 薪械 褋锌芯褋褌械褉褨谐邪褦褌褜褋褟: 薪械屑邪 邪薪褨 褎邪斜褍谢褜薪芯褩 锌芯写褨斜薪芯褋褌褨, 邪薪褨 械屑芯褑褨泄薪芯褩, 邪写卸械 泻芯谢懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁褌褉邪褔邪褦 谢褞斜芯胁 褋胁芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 薪械 褔械褉械蟹 胁谢邪褋薪懈泄 胁芯谢褜芯胁懈泄 卸械褋褌, 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 胁懈褉褨褕褍褦 芯斜褨褉胁邪褌懈 褋胁芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褋邪屑邪. 孝芯卸 蟹邪 褋谢邪斜泻芯谐芯 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯谐芯 蟹胁鈥櫻徯沸貉�, 写胁褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 锌芯胁鈥櫻徯沸靶窖� 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 褋械屑邪薪褌懈褔薪芯. 袨斜褉邪蟹懈, 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褋懈屑胁芯谢懈, 褟泻褨 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰幯傃屟佈� 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 卸懈褌褌褟 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯 芯锌褉懈褟胁薪褞褞褌褜褋褟 褨 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈. 小褌褍泻芯褌褨薪薪褟 芦褋械褉褑褟 胁 谐芯褉谢褨禄, 褟泻械 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 褔械褉械蟹 褋胁芯褞 写械锌褉械褋褨褞, 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯, 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟屑 写芯 褌芯谐芯, 胁褨写褔褍胁邪胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄, 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褞褔懈 薪械锌褉懈泄薪褟褌褌褟 芯褌芯褔械薪薪褟屑 褋胁芯谐芯 蟹邪褔邪褉褍胁邪薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褞 褨写械褦褞. 小褌褍写械薪褌褋褜泻褨 褉芯泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 泄芯谐芯 锌械褉褕邪 泄 芯褋褌邪薪薪褟 谢褞斜芯胁 芯锌懈褋褍褦褌褜褋褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻芯褞 蟹 褉械屑褨薪褨褋褑械薪褑褨褟屑懈 写芯 褋胁芯谐芯 胁谢邪褋薪芯谐芯 褋褌褍写械薪褌褋褌胁邪 泄 泻芯褏邪薪薪褟.
2. 袩邪屑鈥櫻徰傃�
孝邪薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 薪邪屑邪谐邪谢邪褋褟 蟹褉芯斜懈褌懈 褔邪褋 芯写薪懈屑 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁薪懈褏 谐械褉芯褩胁 褋胁芯褦褩 泻薪懈卸泻懈. 袛谢褟 薪褜芯谐芯 胁芯薪邪 锌褨写斜懈褉邪褦 屑械褌邪褎芯褉褍 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪芯谐芯 褋懈薪褜芯谐芯 泻懈褌邪, 褖芯 锌芯卸懈褉邪褦 谢褞写械泄, 锌芯写褨褩, 械屑芯褑褨褩, 褨写械褩, 褟泻-芯褌 袦芯斜褨 袛褨泻 锌芯卸懈褉邪胁 薪邪 褋胁芯褦屑褍 褕谢褟褏褍 泻芯褉邪斜谢褨 泄 褍胁械褋褜 械泻褨锌邪卸. 校褌褨屑, 薪械 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹 褍锌械胁薪械薪褨褋褌褞 褋泻邪蟹邪褌懈, 褖芯 褑械 蟹邪胁写邪薪薪褟 邪胁褌芯褉褑褨 胁写邪褦褌褜褋褟 褉械邪谢褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 褋褌芯胁褨写褋芯褌泻芯胁芯: 褔邪褋 褍 褌械泻褋褌褨 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰斞傃屟佈� 褟泻 邪胁褌芯褉褋褜泻械 斜邪卸邪薪薪褟 锌芯褎褨谢芯褋芯褎褍胁邪褌懈, 邪谢械 薪械 褟泻 褨写械褟, 褖芯 锌褉芯褕懈胁邪褦 褉芯屑邪薪 胁褨写 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 泄 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟.
袟 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 褔邪褋褍 胁懈褉懈薪邪褦, 蟹胁褨褋薪芯 卸, 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃� 泄 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 校泻褉邪褩薪懈. 袙蟹邪谐邪谢褨, 褟泻 褑械 胁懈写薪芯 蟹 褉芯屑邪薪褨胁 褨 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈泻褨胁 褌.蟹胁. 芦小褌邪薪褨褋谢邪胁褋褜芯谐芯 褎械薪芯屑械薪褍禄, 褨 蟹 magnum opus鈥櫻� 袨泻褋邪薪懈 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯 芦袦褍蟹械泄 锌芯泻懈薪褍褌懈褏 褋械泻褉械褌褨胁禄, 褨褋薪褍褦 褔褨褌泻械 泄 薪邪写蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪芯 褋懈谢褜薪械 锌褉邪谐薪械薪薪褟 芯褋屑懈褋谢懈褌懈 屑懈薪褍谢械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈 胁 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褨. 袪芯屑邪薪 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褌械卸 胁锌懈褋褍褦褌褜褋褟 胁 褑褞 褌械薪写械薪褑褨褞, 写芯 褌芯谐芯 卸, 薪械 褌褨谢褜泻懈 褌褨褦褞 褔邪褋褌懈薪芯褞, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍 泄 写胁邪写褑褟褌懈屑 褉芯泻邪屑, 泻芯谢懈 薪邪 褌械褉懈褌芯褉褨褩 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 锌芯褋褌褨泄薪芯 胁懈薪懈泻邪谢懈 泄 褉芯蟹锌邪写邪谢懈褋褟 褉褨蟹薪芯屑邪薪褨褌薪褨 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨 褍褌胁芯褉械薪薪褟, 邪谢械 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褌邪 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔褑褨, 锌褉芯薪懈蟹邪薪邪 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃傃� 锌褉芯 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟. 携泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褌芯 褑褨褦褞 锌褉懈褋褍褌薪褨褋褌褞 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃� 锌褉芯 屑懈薪褍谢械, 褟泻械 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 褌褉邪薪褋谢褞褦 褔械褉械蟹 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褞 斜邪斜褑褞, 褖芯 锌械褉械卸懈谢邪 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉, 褔懈 褔械褉械蟹 写褨写邪 袘芯屑褔懈泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 斜褍胁 褍 蟹胁鈥櫻徯沸盒把� 褨蟹 锌芯胁褋褌邪薪褑褟屑懈 锌褉芯褌懈 小袪小袪, 褦写懈薪芯 泄 屑芯卸薪邪 谢械谐褨褌懈屑褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 胁 褌械泻褋褌褨 褔邪褋褌懈薪褍, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈. 袗写卸械 褩褩 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褩 褌褉懈 谢褞斜芯胁褨 褔懈 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 薪械胁褉芯蟹褍 薪械 褦 邪薪褨 褋胁褨卸懈屑懈, 邪薪褨 薪芯胁懈屑懈; 胁芯薪懈 褦 写芯褋懈褌褜 褌懈锌芯胁懈屑懈 褋锌芯褋芯斜邪屑懈 锌懈褋褜屑邪 写谢褟 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 谢褨褌械褉邪褌褍褉懈. 袟胁褨褋薪芯, 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 屑懈薪褍谢械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈, 褌懈屑 锌邪褔械 锌褉芯 褌邪泻褨 泄芯谐芯 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪褨 锌谢邪褋褌懈, 褟泻-芯褌 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉 褔懈 校袩袗, 褌邪泻芯卸 胁锌懈褋褍褞褌褜褋褟 胁 屑械泄薪褋褌褉懈屑 褋褍褔褍泻褉谢褨褌褍, 邪谢械 胁芯薪懈 锌褉懈薪邪泄屑薪褨 胁懈泻芯薪褍褞褌褜 褎褍薪泻褑褨褩 邪褉褌懈泻褍谢褟褑褨褩 蟹邪斜褍褌芯谐芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褔懈 薪械 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟 邪泻褌懈胁芯胁邪薪芯谐芯 胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨泄 谐褉芯屑邪写褋褜泻褨泄 写褍屑褑褨.
袟胁褨褋薪芯, 褔械褉械蟹 褌邪泻褍 褍胁邪谐褍 写芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 薪械 屑芯卸薪邪 薪械 锌芯褉褨胁薪褟褌懈 褉芯屑邪薪 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 蟹 芦袦褍蟹械褦屑 锌芯泻懈薪褍褌懈褏 褋械泻褉械褌褨胁禄. 携泻褖芯 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯, 袛邪褉懈薪邪 袚芯褖懈薪褋褜泻邪, 褕褍泻邪褦 泻芯褉褨薪薪褟 褋胁芯谐芯 褉芯写褍 胁 屑懈薪褍谢芯屑褍 泄 褋邪屑械 褑褜芯屑褍 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 芦褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪邪禄 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 褩褩 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褌芯斜褌芯 褋薪懈 袗写褉褨褟薪邪 锌褉芯 泄芯谐芯 褉芯写懈褔邪-锌芯胁褋褌邪薪褑褟 胁 校袩袗, 褌芯 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褍 褌褨泄 褔邪褋褌懈薪褨, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍, 褉芯斜懈褌褜 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 褨薪褕械: 胁芯薪邪 邪泻褌褍邪谢褨蟹褍褦 褋锌芯谐邪写懈, 褟泻褨 胁邪卸谢懈胁褨 薪械 写谢褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 邪 写谢褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 胁褋褨褦褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈. 袉薪褕懈屑懈 褋谢芯胁邪屑懈, 褟泻褖芯 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯 胁褨写薪邪褏芯写懈褌褜 褋胁芯褞 胁谢邪褋薪褍 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞, 褟泻邪, 胁褌褨屑, 胁锌懈褋邪薪邪 胁 褕懈褉褕懈泄 泻芯薪褌械泻褋褌 斜芯褉芯褌褜斜懈 校袩袗 蟹邪 薪械蟹邪谢械卸薪褨褋褌褜, 褌芯 锌褉懈胁鈥櫻徯沸盒� 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 褋谢邪斜褕邪 泄 褍蟹邪谐邪谢褨 锌褍薪泻褌懈褉薪邪. 袛芯 褌芯谐芯 卸, 褟泻褖芯 写谢褟 袚芯褖懈薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑懈薪褍谢械 褩褩 斜邪褌褜泻邪 泄 斜邪褌褜泻褨胁 袗写褉褨褟薪邪 褦 谐械褉芯褩褔薪懈屑, 邪写卸械 胁芯薪懈 褌懈屑 褔懈 褨薪褕懈屑 褔懈薪芯屑 锌芯泻谢邪谢懈 褋胁芯褩 卸懈褌褌褟 蟹邪 褋胁芯褞 褨写械泄薪褨褋褌褜 锌械褉械写 褌芯褌邪谢褨褌邪褉薪芯褞 写械褉卸邪胁芯褞, 褌芯 胁褋褟 褉芯写懈薪薪邪 谐褨谢泻邪 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 薪邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜, 褦 邪薪褌懈谐械褉芯褩褔薪芯褞. 袙芯薪邪 胁胁邪卸邪褦 褋胁芯褩褏 写褨写邪, 斜邪斜褑褞, 斜邪褌褜泻褨胁 邪斜芯 褋谢邪斜芯褋懈谢懈屑懈 卸械褉褌胁邪屑懈 小袪小袪, 邪斜芯 卸 锌褉芯褋褌芯 斜芯褟谐褍蟹邪屑懈, 褟泻褨 锌褉芯谐褉邪谢懈 褋胁芯褞 斜懈褌胁褍, 薪邪胁褨褌褜 薪械 锌芯褔邪胁褕懈 褩褩, 蟹邪 褋褌褉邪褏 褟泻懈褏 褌械锌械褉 褉芯蟹锌谢邪褔褍褦褌褜褋褟 褋邪屑械 胁芯薪邪 褋胁芯褩屑 薪械胁褉芯蟹芯屑.
校锌褉芯写芯胁卸 褍褋褜芯谐芯 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褉芯屑邪薪褍 屑械薪械 薪械 胁褨写锌褍褋泻邪谢邪 写褍屑泻邪, 褔懈 褦 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 泻薪懈谐懈, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 胁谢邪褋薪械 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔褑褨, 薪械芯斜褏褨写薪芯褞 写谢褟 胁褋褜芯谐芯 褌胁芯褉褍. 袗写卸械, 锌芯胁褌芯褉褞褋褜, 薪邪 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯屑褍 褉褨胁薪褨 胁芯薪邪 邪薪褨褔芯谐褨褋褨薪褜泻芯 薪械 写芯写邪胁邪谢邪 写芯 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褏芯褔邪 泄 芯褋褌邪薪薪褟 屑芯谐谢邪 斜褍褌懈 蟹邪屑褨薪械薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褦褞 斜褍写褜-褟泻芯谐芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪 褔懈 写褨褟褔泻懈, 斜械蟹 胁褌褉邪褌懈 鈥� 褟泻-芯褌 薪邪屑 薪邪锌褉邪胁写褍 薪械胁邪卸谢懈胁芯, 锌褉芯 泻芯谐芯 褋邪屑械 薪邪屑邪谐邪胁褋褟 薪邪锌懈褋邪褌懈 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袗薪褌褍邪薪 袪芯泻邪薪褌械薪). 袉褋褌芯褉褨褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 蟹邪屑泻薪械薪邪 薪邪 褋邪屑褨泄 褋芯斜褨, 薪邪 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褨 谢褞斜芯胁械泄, 褖芯 薪械 褋泻谢邪谢懈褋褟, 褨 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褉芯写懈薪懈, 蟹邪 褟泻械, 屑芯卸谢懈胁芯, 胁芯薪邪 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦 褋芯褉芯屑. 携泻褖芯 斜 褑褟 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 泻薪懈谐懈 斜褍谢邪 芯锌褍斜谢褨泻芯胁邪薪邪 斜械蟹 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 胁芯薪邪 薪邪胁褉褟写 褔懈 蟹写芯斜褍谢邪 斜 锌褉械屑褨褞 芦袣薪懈谐邪 褉芯泻褍 BBC禄, 褏芯褔邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 褋邪屑芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 锌芯-锌械褉褕械, 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯屑褍 褔懈褌邪褔褍 褔械褉械蟹 褉械邪泻褌褍邪谢褨蟹芯胁邪薪褍 褍胁邪谐褍 写芯 写胁邪写褑褟褌懈褏 褉芯泻褨胁 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟, 锌芯-写褉褍谐械, 褔械褉械蟹 薪械蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪褨褋褌褜 锌芯褋褌邪褌褨 褋邪屑芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 芯褋胁褨褔械薪芯谐芯 锌芯谢褟泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 褔芯屑褍褋褜 胁懈褉褨褕懈胁 锌褨写褌褉懈屑邪褌懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻褍 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜. 袩褨写褋褍屑芯胁褍褞褔懈, 写谢褟 屑械薪械 褉芯屑邪薪 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 斜褍胁 褑褨泻邪胁懈屑 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 泄芯谐芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褔薪芯褞 褔邪褋褌懈薪芯褞, 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪芯褞 袙褟褔械褋谢邪胁芯胁褨 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍, 邪写卸械 胁褋褟 谢褨褉懈褔薪邪 邪胁褌芯斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褔薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 薪械 胁懈褏芯写懈褌褜 蟹邪 屑械卸褨 邪屑邪褌芯褉褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌懈褋褜屑邪 鈥� 邪薪褨 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉薪芯, 邪薪褨 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯, 邪薪褨 褉褨胁薪械屑 芯褋屑懈褋谢械薪薪褟 锌械胁薪芯褩 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈.
1. 袣芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑褨褟
笑褨泻邪胁芯 蟹邪褍胁邪卸懈褌懈, 褖芯 褏芯褔邪 锌芯褋褌邪褌褜 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 胁 褑褨谢芯屑褍 胁邪卸谢懈胁邪 写谢褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 蟹 锌褍斜谢褨褔薪芯谐芯 斜芯泻褍, 邪写卸械 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 鈥� 褑械 屑褨薪褨褋褌褉 蟹邪泻芯褉写芯薪薪懈褏 褋锌褉邪胁 胁 褍褉褟写褨 袩邪胁谢邪 小泻芯褉芯锌邪写褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 褟泻邪 锌懈褕械 泄芯谐芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞, 褨 胁谢邪褋薪械 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 蟹褕懈褌芯 薪邪 褉褨胁薪褨 芯褋芯斜懈褋褌懈褏 写褉邪屑. 些芯锌褉邪胁写邪, 泻褉褨屑 褎邪泻褌褍 泻褉邪褏褍 谢褞斜芯胁薪懈褏 褋褌芯褋褍薪泻褨胁, 褋褏芯卸芯褋褌褨 斜褨谢褜褕械 薪械 褋锌芯褋褌械褉褨谐邪褦褌褜褋褟: 薪械屑邪 邪薪褨 褎邪斜褍谢褜薪芯褩 锌芯写褨斜薪芯褋褌褨, 邪薪褨 械屑芯褑褨泄薪芯褩, 邪写卸械 泻芯谢懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄 胁褌褉邪褔邪褦 谢褞斜芯胁 褋胁芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 薪械 褔械褉械蟹 胁谢邪褋薪懈泄 胁芯谢褜芯胁懈泄 卸械褋褌, 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 胁懈褉褨褕褍褦 芯斜褨褉胁邪褌懈 褋胁芯褩 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 褋邪屑邪. 孝芯卸 蟹邪 褋谢邪斜泻芯谐芯 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯谐芯 蟹胁鈥櫻徯沸貉�, 写胁褨 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 锌芯胁鈥櫻徯沸靶窖� 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 褋械屑邪薪褌懈褔薪芯. 袨斜褉邪蟹懈, 胁褨写褔褍褌褌褟, 褋懈屑胁芯谢懈, 褟泻褨 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰幯傃屟佈� 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 卸懈褌褌褟 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯 芯锌褉懈褟胁薪褞褞褌褜褋褟 褨 胁 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈. 小褌褍泻芯褌褨薪薪褟 芦褋械褉褑褟 胁 谐芯褉谢褨禄, 褟泻械 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 褔械褉械蟹 褋胁芯褞 写械锌褉械褋褨褞, 褌邪泻 褋邪屑芯, 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟屑 写芯 褌芯谐芯, 胁褨写褔褍胁邪胁 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻懈泄, 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪褞褔懈 薪械锌褉懈泄薪褟褌褌褟 芯褌芯褔械薪薪褟屑 褋胁芯谐芯 蟹邪褔邪褉褍胁邪薪薪褟 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褞 褨写械褦褞. 小褌褍写械薪褌褋褜泻褨 褉芯泻懈 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 泄芯谐芯 锌械褉褕邪 泄 芯褋褌邪薪薪褟 谢褞斜芯胁 芯锌懈褋褍褦褌褜褋褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻芯褞 蟹 褉械屑褨薪褨褋褑械薪褑褨褟屑懈 写芯 褋胁芯谐芯 胁谢邪褋薪芯谐芯 褋褌褍写械薪褌褋褌胁邪 泄 泻芯褏邪薪薪褟.
2. 袩邪屑鈥櫻徰傃�
孝邪薪褟 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 薪邪屑邪谐邪谢邪褋褟 蟹褉芯斜懈褌懈 褔邪褋 芯写薪懈屑 蟹 谐芯谢芯胁薪懈褏 谐械褉芯褩胁 褋胁芯褦褩 泻薪懈卸泻懈. 袛谢褟 薪褜芯谐芯 胁芯薪邪 锌褨写斜懈褉邪褦 屑械褌邪褎芯褉褍 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪芯谐芯 褋懈薪褜芯谐芯 泻懈褌邪, 褖芯 锌芯卸懈褉邪褦 谢褞写械泄, 锌芯写褨褩, 械屑芯褑褨褩, 褨写械褩, 褟泻-芯褌 袦芯斜褨 袛褨泻 锌芯卸懈褉邪胁 薪邪 褋胁芯褦屑褍 褕谢褟褏褍 泻芯褉邪斜谢褨 泄 褍胁械褋褜 械泻褨锌邪卸. 校褌褨屑, 薪械 屑芯卸薪邪 蟹 褍锌械胁薪械薪褨褋褌褞 褋泻邪蟹邪褌懈, 褖芯 褑械 蟹邪胁写邪薪薪褟 邪胁褌芯褉褑褨 胁写邪褦褌褜褋褟 褉械邪谢褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 褋褌芯胁褨写褋芯褌泻芯胁芯: 褔邪褋 褍 褌械泻褋褌褨 蟹鈥櫻徯残谎徰斞傃屟佈� 褟泻 邪胁褌芯褉褋褜泻械 斜邪卸邪薪薪褟 锌芯褎褨谢芯褋芯褎褍胁邪褌懈, 邪谢械 薪械 褟泻 褨写械褟, 褖芯 锌褉芯褕懈胁邪褦 褉芯屑邪薪 胁褨写 锌芯褔邪褌泻褍 泄 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟.
袟 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 褔邪褋褍 胁懈褉懈薪邪褦, 蟹胁褨褋薪芯 卸, 锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃� 泄 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 校泻褉邪褩薪懈. 袙蟹邪谐邪谢褨, 褟泻 褑械 胁懈写薪芯 蟹 褉芯屑邪薪褨胁 褨 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪懈泻褨胁 褌.蟹胁. 芦小褌邪薪褨褋谢邪胁褋褜芯谐芯 褎械薪芯屑械薪褍禄, 褨 蟹 magnum opus鈥櫻� 袨泻褋邪薪懈 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯 芦袦褍蟹械泄 锌芯泻懈薪褍褌懈褏 褋械泻褉械褌褨胁禄, 褨褋薪褍褦 褔褨褌泻械 泄 薪邪写蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪芯 褋懈谢褜薪械 锌褉邪谐薪械薪薪褟 芯褋屑懈褋谢懈褌懈 屑懈薪褍谢械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈 胁 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褨. 袪芯屑邪薪 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褌械卸 胁锌懈褋褍褦褌褜褋褟 胁 褑褞 褌械薪写械薪褑褨褞, 写芯 褌芯谐芯 卸, 薪械 褌褨谢褜泻懈 褌褨褦褞 褔邪褋褌懈薪芯褞, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍 泄 写胁邪写褑褟褌懈屑 褉芯泻邪屑, 泻芯谢懈 薪邪 褌械褉懈褌芯褉褨褩 校泻褉邪褩薪懈 锌芯褋褌褨泄薪芯 胁懈薪懈泻邪谢懈 泄 褉芯蟹锌邪写邪谢懈褋褟 褉褨蟹薪芯屑邪薪褨褌薪褨 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨 褍褌胁芯褉械薪薪褟, 邪谢械 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褌邪 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔褑褨, 锌褉芯薪懈蟹邪薪邪 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃傃� 锌褉芯 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟. 携泻 薪邪 屑械薪械, 褌芯 褑褨褦褞 锌褉懈褋褍褌薪褨褋褌褞 锌邪屑鈥櫻徰傃� 锌褉芯 屑懈薪褍谢械, 褟泻械 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻邪 褌褉邪薪褋谢褞褦 褔械褉械蟹 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褞 斜邪斜褑褞, 褖芯 锌械褉械卸懈谢邪 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉, 褔懈 褔械褉械蟹 写褨写邪 袘芯屑褔懈泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 斜褍胁 褍 蟹胁鈥櫻徯沸盒把� 褨蟹 锌芯胁褋褌邪薪褑褟屑懈 锌褉芯褌懈 小袪小袪, 褦写懈薪芯 泄 屑芯卸薪邪 谢械谐褨褌懈屑褨蟹褍胁邪褌懈 胁 褌械泻褋褌褨 褔邪褋褌懈薪褍, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈. 袗写卸械 褩褩 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 褋胁芯褩 褌褉懈 谢褞斜芯胁褨 褔懈 薪邪胁褨褌褜 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 薪械胁褉芯蟹褍 薪械 褦 邪薪褨 褋胁褨卸懈屑懈, 邪薪褨 薪芯胁懈屑懈; 胁芯薪懈 褦 写芯褋懈褌褜 褌懈锌芯胁懈屑懈 褋锌芯褋芯斜邪屑懈 锌懈褋褜屑邪 写谢褟 褋褍褔邪褋薪芯褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 谢褨褌械褉邪褌褍褉懈. 袟胁褨褋薪芯, 褋锌芯谐邪写懈 锌褉芯 屑懈薪褍谢械 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈, 褌懈屑 锌邪褔械 锌褉芯 褌邪泻褨 泄芯谐芯 胁械谢懈褔械蟹薪褨 锌谢邪褋褌懈, 褟泻-芯褌 袚芯谢芯写芯屑芯褉 褔懈 校袩袗, 褌邪泻芯卸 胁锌懈褋褍褞褌褜褋褟 胁 屑械泄薪褋褌褉懈屑 褋褍褔褍泻褉谢褨褌褍, 邪谢械 胁芯薪懈 锌褉懈薪邪泄屑薪褨 胁懈泻芯薪褍褞褌褜 褎褍薪泻褑褨褩 邪褉褌懈泻褍谢褟褑褨褩 蟹邪斜褍褌芯谐芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褔懈 薪械 写芯 泻褨薪褑褟 邪泻褌懈胁芯胁邪薪芯谐芯 胁 褋褍褔邪褋薪褨泄 谐褉芯屑邪写褋褜泻褨泄 写褍屑褑褨.
袟胁褨褋薪芯, 褔械褉械蟹 褌邪泻褍 褍胁邪谐褍 写芯 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 薪械 屑芯卸薪邪 薪械 锌芯褉褨胁薪褟褌懈 褉芯屑邪薪 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 蟹 芦袦褍蟹械褦屑 锌芯泻懈薪褍褌懈褏 褋械泻褉械褌褨胁禄. 携泻褖芯 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯, 袛邪褉懈薪邪 袚芯褖懈薪褋褜泻邪, 褕褍泻邪褦 泻芯褉褨薪薪褟 褋胁芯谐芯 褉芯写褍 胁 屑懈薪褍谢芯屑褍 泄 褋邪屑械 褑褜芯屑褍 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 芦褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪邪禄 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 褩褩 褉芯屑邪薪褍, 褌芯斜褌芯 褋薪懈 袗写褉褨褟薪邪 锌褉芯 泄芯谐芯 褉芯写懈褔邪-锌芯胁褋褌邪薪褑褟 胁 校袩袗, 褌芯 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 褍 褌褨泄 褔邪褋褌懈薪褨, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍, 褉芯斜懈褌褜 蟹芯胁褋褨屑 褨薪褕械: 胁芯薪邪 邪泻褌褍邪谢褨蟹褍褦 褋锌芯谐邪写懈, 褟泻褨 胁邪卸谢懈胁褨 薪械 写谢褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈, 邪 写谢褟 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 胁褋褨褦褩 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯褩 褋锌褨谢褜薪芯褌懈. 袉薪褕懈屑懈 褋谢芯胁邪屑懈, 褟泻褖芯 谐械褉芯褩薪褟 袟邪斜褍卸泻芯 胁褨写薪邪褏芯写懈褌褜 褋胁芯褞 胁谢邪褋薪褍 褨褋褌芯褉褨褞, 褟泻邪, 胁褌褨屑, 胁锌懈褋邪薪邪 胁 褕懈褉褕懈泄 泻芯薪褌械泻褋褌 斜芯褉芯褌褜斜懈 校袩袗 蟹邪 薪械蟹邪谢械卸薪褨褋褌褜, 褌芯 锌褉懈胁鈥櫻徯沸盒� 谐械褉芯褩薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 蟹薪邪褔薪芯 褋谢邪斜褕邪 泄 褍蟹邪谐邪谢褨 锌褍薪泻褌懈褉薪邪. 袛芯 褌芯谐芯 卸, 褟泻褖芯 写谢褟 袚芯褖懈薪褋褜泻芯褩 屑懈薪褍谢械 褩褩 斜邪褌褜泻邪 泄 斜邪褌褜泻褨胁 袗写褉褨褟薪邪 褦 谐械褉芯褩褔薪懈屑, 邪写卸械 胁芯薪懈 褌懈屑 褔懈 褨薪褕懈屑 褔懈薪芯屑 锌芯泻谢邪谢懈 褋胁芯褩 卸懈褌褌褟 蟹邪 褋胁芯褞 褨写械泄薪褨褋褌褜 锌械褉械写 褌芯褌邪谢褨褌邪褉薪芯褞 写械褉卸邪胁芯褞, 褌芯 胁褋褟 褉芯写懈薪薪邪 谐褨谢泻邪 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻, 薪邪褌芯屑褨褋褌褜, 褦 邪薪褌懈谐械褉芯褩褔薪芯褞. 袙芯薪邪 胁胁邪卸邪褦 褋胁芯褩褏 写褨写邪, 斜邪斜褑褞, 斜邪褌褜泻褨胁 邪斜芯 褋谢邪斜芯褋懈谢懈屑懈 卸械褉褌胁邪屑懈 小袪小袪, 邪斜芯 卸 锌褉芯褋褌芯 斜芯褟谐褍蟹邪屑懈, 褟泻褨 锌褉芯谐褉邪谢懈 褋胁芯褞 斜懈褌胁褍, 薪邪胁褨褌褜 薪械 锌芯褔邪胁褕懈 褩褩, 蟹邪 褋褌褉邪褏 褟泻懈褏 褌械锌械褉 褉芯蟹锌谢邪褔褍褦褌褜褋褟 褋邪屑械 胁芯薪邪 褋胁芯褩屑 薪械胁褉芯蟹芯屑.
校锌褉芯写芯胁卸 褍褋褜芯谐芯 褔懈褌邪薪薪褟 褉芯屑邪薪褍 屑械薪械 薪械 胁褨写锌褍褋泻邪谢邪 写褍屑泻邪, 褔懈 褦 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 泻薪懈谐懈, 褖芯 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪邪 胁谢邪褋薪械 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔褑褨, 薪械芯斜褏褨写薪芯褞 写谢褟 胁褋褜芯谐芯 褌胁芯褉褍. 袗写卸械, 锌芯胁褌芯褉褞褋褜, 薪邪 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯屑褍 褉褨胁薪褨 胁芯薪邪 邪薪褨褔芯谐褨褋褨薪褜泻芯 薪械 写芯写邪胁邪谢邪 写芯 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 袙鈥櫻徰囆笛佇恍靶残� 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 (褏芯褔邪 泄 芯褋褌邪薪薪褟 屑芯谐谢邪 斜褍褌懈 蟹邪屑褨薪械薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褦褞 斜褍写褜-褟泻芯谐芯 褨褋褌芯褉懈褔薪芯谐芯 写褨褟褔邪 褔懈 写褨褟褔泻懈, 斜械蟹 胁褌褉邪褌懈 鈥� 褟泻-芯褌 薪邪屑 薪邪锌褉邪胁写褍 薪械胁邪卸谢懈胁芯, 锌褉芯 泻芯谐芯 褋邪屑械 薪邪屑邪谐邪胁褋褟 薪邪锌懈褋邪褌懈 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褞 袗薪褌褍邪薪 袪芯泻邪薪褌械薪). 袉褋褌芯褉褨褟 芯锌芯胁褨写邪褔泻懈 蟹邪屑泻薪械薪邪 薪邪 褋邪屑褨泄 褋芯斜褨, 薪邪 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪薪褨 谢褞斜芯胁械泄, 褖芯 薪械 褋泻谢邪谢懈褋褟, 褨 屑懈薪褍谢芯谐芯 褉芯写懈薪懈, 蟹邪 褟泻械, 屑芯卸谢懈胁芯, 胁芯薪邪 胁褨写褔褍胁邪褦 褋芯褉芯屑. 携泻褖芯 斜 褑褟 褔邪褋褌懈薪邪 泻薪懈谐懈 斜褍谢邪 芯锌褍斜谢褨泻芯胁邪薪邪 斜械蟹 褨褋褌芯褉褨褩 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 胁芯薪邪 薪邪胁褉褟写 褔懈 蟹写芯斜褍谢邪 斜 锌褉械屑褨褞 芦袣薪懈谐邪 褉芯泻褍 BBC禄, 褏芯褔邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 褋邪屑芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 锌芯-锌械褉褕械, 褑褨泻邪胁邪 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻芯屑褍 褔懈褌邪褔褍 褔械褉械蟹 褉械邪泻褌褍邪谢褨蟹芯胁邪薪褍 褍胁邪谐褍 写芯 写胁邪写褑褟褌懈褏 褉芯泻褨胁 啸啸 褋褌芯谢褨褌褌褟, 锌芯-写褉褍谐械, 褔械褉械蟹 薪械蟹胁懈褔邪泄薪褨褋褌褜 锌芯褋褌邪褌褨 褋邪屑芯谐芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 鈥� 芯褋胁褨褔械薪芯谐芯 锌芯谢褟泻邪, 褟泻懈泄 褔芯屑褍褋褜 胁懈褉褨褕懈胁 锌褨写褌褉懈屑邪褌懈 褍泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻褍 写械褉卸邪胁薪褨褋褌褜. 袩褨写褋褍屑芯胁褍褞褔懈, 写谢褟 屑械薪械 褉芯屑邪薪 芦袟邪斜褍褌褌褟禄 孝邪薪褨 袦邪谢褟褉褔褍泻 斜褍胁 褑褨泻邪胁懈屑 薪邪褋邪屑锌械褉械写 泄芯谐芯 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褔薪芯褞 褔邪褋褌懈薪芯褞, 锌褉懈褋胁褟褔械薪芯褞 袙褟褔械褋谢邪胁芯胁褨 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯屑褍, 邪写卸械 胁褋褟 谢褨褉懈褔薪邪 邪胁褌芯斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褔薪邪 褨褋褌芯褉褨褟 薪械 胁懈褏芯写懈褌褜 蟹邪 屑械卸褨 邪屑邪褌芯褉褋褜泻芯谐芯 锌懈褋褜屑邪 鈥� 邪薪褨 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉薪芯, 邪薪褨 褌械屑邪褌懈褔薪芯, 邪薪褨 褉褨胁薪械屑 芯褋屑懈褋谢械薪薪褟 锌械胁薪芯褩 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈.
February 17, 2025
袧械 写褍卸械 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨谢邪 谐械褉芯褩薪褞, 褖芯, 褔芯屑褍, 薪邪胁褨褖芯. 袥褨薪褨褟 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 褑褨泻邪胁褨褕邪, 邪谢械 褟泻懈泄褋褜 芯褋邪写 蟹邪谢懈褕邪褦. 笑械 屑芯谐谢芯 斜褍褌懈, 邪 屑芯谐谢芯 泄 薪械 斜褍褌懈. 袟褨褉泻懈 蟹邪 芯锌懈褋懈 褔邪褋褍 褨 蟹邪谐邪谢褜薪褍 屑械谢邪薪褏芯谢褨褔薪芯-薪芯褋褌邪谢褜谐褨褔薪褍 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉褍.
August 11, 2024
Een interessant boek, waarin de (voor mij veelal onbekende) Oekra茂ense geschiedenis in verweven is. De twee verhaallijnen zijn knap beschreven, ze raken elkaar net niet en toch vormt het boek een geheel. Ik werd er alleen niet helemaal in meegenomen, wat wellicht komt door een overvloed aan namen en gebeurtenissen in de ene verhaallijn en een gebrek daaraan in de tweede.
December 15, 2023
袣褍锌懈谢邪 褑褞 泻薪懈谐褍 薪邪胁屑邪薪薪褟. 袉 薪褨 褋械泻褍薪写懈 薪械 褕泻芯写褍褞. 袧邪 褋胁褨泄 褋芯褉芯屑 锌褉芯 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯 薪械 蟹薪邪谢邪 薪褨褔芯谐芯. 袥懈褕械 褌械, 褖芯 褦 胁褍谢懈褑褟 泄芯谐芯 褨屑械薪褨 胁 袣懈褦胁褨. 袗胁褌芯褉泻邪 褌褍褌 写芯胁芯谢褨 写械褌邪谢褜薪芯 褉芯蟹泻邪蟹褍褦 锌褉芯 泄芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟, 蟹谐邪写褍褞褔懈 泄芯谐芯 褋褍褔邪褋薪懈泻褨胁 褨 褟泻 褩屑 卸懈谢芯褋褟 胁 褔邪褋懈 褨屑锌械褉褨泄. 袪芯蟹锌芯胁褨写褜 褨写械 胁褨写 褨屑械薪褨 袚袚, 褟泻邪 薪邪屑邪谐邪褦褌褜褋褟 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨褌懈 褖芯 褌邪泻械 褔邪褋 褨 褕褍泻邪褦 褌芯褔泻懈 锌械褉械褌懈薪褍 褋胁芯谐芯 卸懈褌褌褟 褨 袙'褟褔械褋谢邪胁邪 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯. 袛褍卸械 褑褨泻邪胁芯! 携 斜懈 薪邪胁褨褌褜 锌械褉械褋谢褍褏邪谢邪. 袣芯谢懈褋褜.
February 24, 2020
Przesz艂o艣膰, pami臋膰, nasza osobista historia - "Zapomnienie" to niezwyk艂y, rzadko spotykany spos贸b opowiadania o historii poprzez dwa plany czasowe - 偶ycie autorki oraz odnalezienie/wskrzeszenie przez ni膮 zapomnianej/ma艂o znanej postaci Wiaczes艂awa/Wac艂awa Lipi艅skiego. Bardzo dobrze si臋 czyta, nawet przy niezwykle skromnej wiedzy nt. Ukrainy.
December 4, 2021
孝邪泻 褨 薪械 蟹褉芯蟹褍屑褨胁 褋褍褌褨 胁锌懈褋褍胁邪薪薪褟 褋胁芯褦褩 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褩 锌芯褉褍褔 褨蟹 斜褨芯谐褉邪褎褨褦褞 袥懈锌懈薪褋褜泻芯谐芯, 斜芯 薪械 锌芯斜邪褔懈胁 屑褨卸 薪懈屑懈 蟹胁'褟蟹泻褍.
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