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毓賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞: 丿乇賵爻 賮賷 丕賱賰賵賱賷噩 丿賵 賮乇丕賳爻
賰鬲丕亘 氐丕丿乇 囟賲賳 爻賱爻賱丞 鬲乇噩賲丕賳貙 鬲乇噩賲丞 賳氐賷乇 賲乇賵丞 賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賷丕乇 亘賵乇丿賷賵 毓賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鈥� 丿乇賵爻 賮賷 丕賱賰賵賱賷噩 丿賵 賮乇丕賳爻 (1989-1992) 丕賱匕賷 噩賲毓 賮賷賴 亘丕鬲乇賷賰 卮丕賲亘丕賷賳貙 賵乇賷賲賷 賱賵賳賵丕乇貙 賵賮乇丕賳賰 亘賵亘賵貙 賵賲丕乇賷 賰乇賷爻鬲賷賳 乇賷賮賷賷乇貙 丿乇賵爻 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丕賱賰賵賱賷噩 丿賵 賮乇丕賳爻貙 賵兀氐丿乇賵賴丕 亘丕賱賮乇賳爻賷丞 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 Sur l'脡 Cours au Coll猫ge de France (1989-1992).
賱賰賳 毓賳 兀賷 丿賵賱丞 賷毓馗 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇賵爻賴 賴匕賴責 廿賳賴丕 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 亘丕鬲鬲 鬲鬲禺匕 氐賮丞 丕賱賰賵賳賷丞貙 兀賵 氐賮丞 丕賱賰賱賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 亘丕賱毓賳賮. 賮丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮賷 毓賷賳賷賴 丕丨鬲賰丕乇 賱賱毓賳賮 丕賱賲丕丿賷 賵丕賱乇賲夭賷 兀賵 丕賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇賷貙 賵丕賱賲丨鬲賰賽乇 賴賳丕 賴賵 賲賻賱賽賰賹 兀賵 爻賱丕賱丞 賲賱賰賷丞 兀賵 胤亘賯丞.
賷賯毓 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱賲乇噩毓賷 賮賷 735 氐賮丨丞 亘丕賱賯胤毓 丕賱賲鬲賵爻胤貙 賵賷賳賯爻賲 廿賱賶 23 丿乇爻賸丕 賯丿賲賴丕 亘賵乇丿賷賵. 賮賷 丿乇爻 18 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1990貙 賷噩丿 亘賵乇丿賵 鬲丿亘賾乇 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賲賵囟賵毓賸丕 毓氐賷賸賾丕 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲賮賰賷乇貙 賮賷丨匕乇 賲賳 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 丕賱賲爻亘賯丞 賵丕賱鬲賱賯丕卅賷丞貙 賵賷丿毓賵 廿賱賶 鬲噩賳亘 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 丕賱賲兀賱賵賮丞 丕賱賲賵乇賵孬丞. 賷賯賵賱: "廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賱丕 亘丿 賱賷 賲賳 廿毓胤丕亍 鬲毓乇賷賮 賲賵賯鬲 賱賲丕 賷胤賱賯 毓賱賷賴 丕爻賲 鈥欂з勜堎勜┾€権� 賮廿賳賳賷 兀賯賵賱 廿賳賾 賯胤丕毓 丨賯賱 丕賱爻賱胤丞 兀賵 丕賱爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱匕賷 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳爻賲賷賴 鈥欂傎� 廿丿丕乇賷鈥� 兀賵 鈥欂傎� 丕賱賵馗賷賮丞 丕賱毓賲賵賲賷丞鈥権� 賴匕丕 丕賱丨賯賱 丕賱匕賷 賷鬲亘丕丿乇 廿賱賶 匕賴賳賳丕 毓賱賶 賳丨賵 禺丕氐賺 丨賷賳賲丕 賳鬲賰賱賲 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丨丿賴丕貙 賵賲賳 丿賵賳 夭賷丕丿丞賺 賮賷 丕賱鬲賵囟賷丨 兀賵 賳賯氐丕賳貙 廿賳賲丕 賷毓鬲乇賮 亘丕賲鬲賱丕賰賴 丕賱丕丨鬲賰丕乇 丕賱賲卮乇賵毓/ 丕賱卮乇毓賷 賱賱毓賳賮 丕賱賲丕丿賷 賵丕賱乇賲夭賷".
賷乇賶 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 25 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1990 兀賳賾 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鬲毓夭夭 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 賲賳 亘賷賳 兀禺乇賷丕鬲貙 賵賷爻賲賷賴丕 賵噩賴丞 丕賱賳馗乇 丕賱賲丨賷胤丞 亘賵噩賴丕鬲 丕賱賳馗乇貙 兀賵 丕賱乇爻賲 丕賱賴賳丿爻賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 賱賰賱 賵噩賴丕鬲 丕賱賳馗乇. 賵賷賲賷夭 亘賷賳 丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 胤亘賷毓丞 禺丕賱賯丞 賵丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 胤亘賷毓丞 賲禺賱賵賯丞貙 賵賷賯賵賱 廿賳賾 乇丐賷丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 噩賲毓賸丕 賲賳 丕賱兀卮禺丕氐 丕賱賲賳馗賲賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賷賳鬲丿亘賵賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賷賮賵囟賵賳賴丕貙 兀賷 丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 禺丕胤卅丞 賱兀賳賴丕 鬲禺鬲夭賳 卮賷卅賸丕 賲賳 丕賱氐賳賲賷丞.
賮賷 丿乇爻 兀賵賱 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990貙 賷鬲氐丿賶 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賱賲爻丕卅賱 毓丿丞貙 賲賳賴丕 亘賷丕賳購 丕賱乇爻賲賷 賵鬲亘賷賷賳賴 賵亘賱丕睾鬲賴貙 賵丕賱毓賲賵賲賷 賵丕賱乇爻賲賷貙 賵丕賱丌禺乇 丕賱賰賱賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 賵丕賱乇賯丕亘丞貙 賵賵賱丕丿丞 丕賱禺胤丕亘 丕賱毓賲賵賲賷貙 賵禺胤丕亘 丕賱毓賲賵賲 賵丕鬲賾亘丕毓 丕賱兀氐賵賱貙 賵丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲. 賷賯賵賱: "廿賳賾 丕賱鬲毓乇賷賮 丕賱氐乇賷丨 賱賱乇兀賷 丕賱乇爻賲賷貙 賮賷 賲噩鬲賲毓 賷夭毓賲 兀賳賴 丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷貙 賲賳 兀賳賴 乇兀賷購 丕賱賰丕賮丞貙 廿賳賲丕 賷禺賮賷 鬲毓乇賷賮賸丕 賲囟賲乇賸丕 賴賵 兀賳賾 丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲 賴賵 乇兀賷 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 賴賲 噩丿賷乇賵賳 亘兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賱賴賲 乇兀賷. 賴賳丕賰 囟乇亘 賲賳 丕賱鬲毓乇賷賮 丕賱賲賯氐賵乇 丕賱賲丨氐賵乇 賱賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲 賰乇兀賷 賲爻鬲賳賷乇貙 賰乇兀賷 噩丿賷乇 亘兀賳 賷丨賲賱 丕爻賲 乇兀賷".
賷鬲丨丿孬 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 8 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990 毓賳 鬲乇賰賾夭 丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱乇賲夭賷丞 丕賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇賷丞貙 賵賷賯丿賲 賯乇丕亍丞 爻賵爻賷賵賱賵噩賷丞 賱賮乇丕賳夭 賰丕賮賰丕貙 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕賱鬲禺賱賷 丕賱賵囟毓賷 丕賱匕賷 賷亘丿賱 丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 丨賷孬 賴賷 亘丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳賴丕 丨賷孬 鬲賲賰賳 乇丐賷鬲賴丕. 賵賷亘丨孬 賮賷 毓賱丕賯丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 亘毓賱賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓貙 賵賮賷 丕賱兀賳馗賲丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賱賱廿賲亘乇丕胤賵乇賷丕鬲 賱卮賲賵卅賷賱 賳購賵丕 丌賷夭賳卮鬲丕丿鬲貙 賵賷賯丿賲 丕禺鬲氐丕乇賸丕 賱賰鬲丕亘賷 亘賷乇賷 兀賳丿乇爻賵賳 丕賱毓亘賵乇 賲賳 丕賱毓氐賵乇 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞 廿賱賶 丕賱廿賯胤丕毓賷丞貙 賵丿賵賱丞 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱賲胤賱賯貙 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 "賲卮賰賱丞 丕賱丿乇賵亘 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞" 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 丕賱兀氐賵賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 賱賱丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丞 賵丕賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞 賱亘丕乇賷賳睾鬲賵賳 賲賵乇.
賷毓丕乇囟 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 15 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990 丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞 亘丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱賴賷睾賱賷丞 賱賱丿賵賱丞貙 賮丕賱乇丐賷鬲丕賳 鬲賲孬賱丕賳 毓賳丿賴 賯胤亘賷賳 賲鬲賳丕賯囟賷賳 賱兀賳孬乇賵亘賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵賴賲丕 賮賷 丕毓鬲賯丕丿賴 賵噩賴 丕賱賵乇賯丞 賵賯賮丕賴丕. 賷賯賵賱: "賱丕 賳爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賴賷睾賱賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賳丨氐賱 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞". 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賲爻兀賱丞 賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮賷 毓賱賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓 賵丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賳 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 亘賳賷賵賷丞 賳卮賵卅賷丞貙 賵鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賳卮賵卅賷. 賵賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丕夭丿賵丕噩賷丞 丕賱噩賵賴乇賷丞 賱賱丿賵賱丞: "賱丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳賳胤賯 亘禺丕氐賷丞 廿賷噩丕亘賷丞 賱賴丕 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賳孬賳賾賷 賮賷 丕賱丨賷賳 匕丕鬲賴 亘禺丕氐賷丞 爻賱亘賷丞貙 兀賵 賳賵乇丿 禺丕氐賷丞 賴賷睾賱賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 禺丕氐賷丞 賲丕乇賰爻賷丞貙 兀賵 禺丕氐賷丞 鬲賯丿賲賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 禺丕氐賷丞 乇噩毓賷丞 賯賲毓賷丞".
賮賷 丿乇爻 10 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991貙 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賵賱丕丿丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賳卮賵亍賴丕貙 兀賵 丕賱賳卮賵亍 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賱賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵亘賳賷丞 鬲卮睾賷賱 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵胤乇丕卅賯賴貙 賵匕賱賰 賮賷 賲賯丕乇亘鬲賷賳 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞 賵賳卮賵卅賷丞. 廿賳賾 丕賱亘丨孬 丕賱賳卮賵卅賷 賵丨丿賴 賷賲賰賳賴 兀賳 賷匕賰乇賳丕 亘兀賳賾 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賰賱 賲丕 賷賳亘毓 賲賳賴丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓 鬲丕乇賷禺賷貙 賵氐賳丕毓丞 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞貙 賵亘兀賳賳丕 賳丨賳 兀賳賮爻賳丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓丕鬲 丿賵賱丞貙 賵亘兀賳賾 兀匕賴丕賳賳丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓丕鬲 丿賵賱丞. 賵賷賯賵賱 廿賳賾 孬賲丞 賲賳胤賯賸丕 賳賵毓賷賸丕 禺丕氐賸丕 亘丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵禺丕氐賸丕 亘鬲卮睾賷賱 丕賱丨賯賱 丕賱亘賷乇賵賯乇丕胤賷貙 "賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賮賷 賲亘丿兀 丕賱丕乇鬲賴丕賳 賵兀氐賱賴 兀賵 丕賱丕爻鬲賯賱丕賱 廿夭丕亍 丕賱賲氐丕賱丨 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞貙 兀賵 丕賱毓賱丕賯丕鬲 賵丕賱鬲乇丕亘胤丕鬲 賲毓 賲氐丕賱丨 禺丕乇噩賷丞貙 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賯丿 毓夭賲 毓賱賷賴丕 兀賵 兀乇丕丿賴丕 兀丨丿".
賷毓賵丿 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 17 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 廿賱賶 賲毓賳賷賷 "丿賵賱丞" 亘賷賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱廿丿丕乇丞貙 賵賴賷 噩賲賱丞 賲賳 廿丿丕乇丕鬲 丕賱賵夭丕乇丕鬲貙 賵賴賷 卮賰賱 丨賰賲貙 賵丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱廿賯賱賷賲 丕賱賯賵賲賷 賵丕賱賲賵丕胤賳賵賳 噩賲賷毓賸丕. 賵賷氐賮 丕賱賳賯丕卮丕鬲 亘賷賳 丕賱賲丐乇禺賷賳 賱賲毓乇賮丞 廿匕丕 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱兀賲賾丞 鬲氐賳毓 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 兀賵 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鬲氐賳毓 丕賱兀賲賾丞貙 亘兀賳賴丕 賲賴賲丞 爻賷丕爻賷賸丕 賱賰賳 鬲丕賮賴丞 毓賱賲賷賸賾丕. 賵賷亘丨孬 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賴賳丕 賮賷 賳賲胤賷賳 賵兀賳賲賵匕噩賷賳 賱賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賳賲胤 賳賵乇亘乇鬲 廿賱賷丕爻 賵賳賲胤 鬲卮丕乇賱夭 鬲賷賱賾賷.
賷爻鬲賲乇 賮賷 丿乇爻 24 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 亘丕丨孬賸丕 賮賷 兀賳賲丕胤 賳卮賵亍賽 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賳賲丕匕噩賴貙 丿丕乇爻賸丕 賳賲胤賸丕 賵兀賳賲賵匕噩賸丕 賱賮賷賱賷亘 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵丿賷乇賷賰 爻丕賷乇 丕賱賱匕賷賳 賷毓丕乇囟丕賳 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 兀丿丕丞 賯爻乇. 賮丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞 賵丕賱賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳囟毓賴丕 賮賷 噩丕賳亘 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賵賷丞 賲孬賱 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 鬲賷賱賾賷 賵廿賱賷丕爻 鬲購賯賱賾氐 賮賷 乇兀賷 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵爻丕賷乇 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮鬲氐亘丨 兀丿丕丞 賯賲毓貙 賵鬲丨噩賽賾賲賴丕 賮鬲噩毓賱 賲賳賴丕 丕賳毓賰丕爻賸丕 賱賱爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷.
賷鬲丕亘毓 賮賷 丿乇爻 31 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 賳賲胤 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵爻丕賷乇 賮賷 賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賲鬲賳丕賵賱賸丕 丕賱氐賱丞 亘賷賳 丕賱賵丨丿丞 丕賱賯賵賲賷丞 賵丕賱鬲賰丕賲賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮丞貙 兀賵 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱氐賱丞 亘賷賳 孬賯丕賮丞 賵兀賲賾丞貙 孬賯丕賮丞 賵賯賵賲賷丞 毓賱賶 賳丨賵賺 賷氐賱 亘賷賳賴丕 賵賷乇亘胤 亘毓囟賴丕 亘亘毓囟貙 賰賲丕 賮賷 丨丕賱鬲賷 廿賳賰賱鬲乇丕 賵丕賱賷丕亘丕賳. 賷賯賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱丿乇爻: "鬲賰賵賳鬲 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀賲賲 賵賮賯 賲爻丕乇丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱賳賲胤 匕丕鬲賴貙 亘囟乇亘 賲賳 丕賱亘賳丕亍 丕賱賲氐胤賳毓 賱孬賯丕賮丞 賲氐胤賳毓丞. 孬賯丕賮丞 丕賱賲賳胤賱賯 丕賱鬲賷 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 亘毓囟 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀賲賲 兀賳 鬲賳賴賱 賲賳賴丕 賱亘賳丕亍 賴匕丕 丕賱賲氐賳賵毓貙 賴賷 孬賯丕賮丞 丿賷賳賷丞: 匕賱賰 丨丕賱 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賵丕賱亘賱丿丕賳 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞. 賰賷賮 丕賱爻亘賷賱 廿賱賶 氐賳丕毓丞 孬賯丕賮丞 賯賵賲賷丞貙 孬賯丕賮丞 亘丕賱賲毓賳賶 丕賱乇爻賲賷 賱賱賰賱賲丞貙 毓賳丿賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 賲賰賵賳丕鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱孬賯丕賮丞 丿賷賳賷丞 兀爻丕爻賸丕責 賰賷賮 丕賱爻亘賷賱 廿賱賶 氐賳丕毓丞 孬賯丕賮丞 匕丕鬲...
賱賰賳 毓賳 兀賷 丿賵賱丞 賷毓馗 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇賵爻賴 賴匕賴責 廿賳賴丕 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 亘丕鬲鬲 鬲鬲禺匕 氐賮丞 丕賱賰賵賳賷丞貙 兀賵 氐賮丞 丕賱賰賱賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 亘丕賱毓賳賮. 賮丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮賷 毓賷賳賷賴 丕丨鬲賰丕乇 賱賱毓賳賮 丕賱賲丕丿賷 賵丕賱乇賲夭賷 兀賵 丕賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇賷貙 賵丕賱賲丨鬲賰賽乇 賴賳丕 賴賵 賲賻賱賽賰賹 兀賵 爻賱丕賱丞 賲賱賰賷丞 兀賵 胤亘賯丞.
賷賯毓 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱賲乇噩毓賷 賮賷 735 氐賮丨丞 亘丕賱賯胤毓 丕賱賲鬲賵爻胤貙 賵賷賳賯爻賲 廿賱賶 23 丿乇爻賸丕 賯丿賲賴丕 亘賵乇丿賷賵. 賮賷 丿乇爻 18 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1990貙 賷噩丿 亘賵乇丿賵 鬲丿亘賾乇 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賲賵囟賵毓賸丕 毓氐賷賸賾丕 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲賮賰賷乇貙 賮賷丨匕乇 賲賳 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 丕賱賲爻亘賯丞 賵丕賱鬲賱賯丕卅賷丞貙 賵賷丿毓賵 廿賱賶 鬲噩賳亘 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 丕賱賲兀賱賵賮丞 丕賱賲賵乇賵孬丞. 賷賯賵賱: "廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賱丕 亘丿 賱賷 賲賳 廿毓胤丕亍 鬲毓乇賷賮 賲賵賯鬲 賱賲丕 賷胤賱賯 毓賱賷賴 丕爻賲 鈥欂з勜堎勜┾€権� 賮廿賳賳賷 兀賯賵賱 廿賳賾 賯胤丕毓 丨賯賱 丕賱爻賱胤丞 兀賵 丕賱爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱匕賷 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳爻賲賷賴 鈥欂傎� 廿丿丕乇賷鈥� 兀賵 鈥欂傎� 丕賱賵馗賷賮丞 丕賱毓賲賵賲賷丞鈥権� 賴匕丕 丕賱丨賯賱 丕賱匕賷 賷鬲亘丕丿乇 廿賱賶 匕賴賳賳丕 毓賱賶 賳丨賵 禺丕氐賺 丨賷賳賲丕 賳鬲賰賱賲 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丨丿賴丕貙 賵賲賳 丿賵賳 夭賷丕丿丞賺 賮賷 丕賱鬲賵囟賷丨 兀賵 賳賯氐丕賳貙 廿賳賲丕 賷毓鬲乇賮 亘丕賲鬲賱丕賰賴 丕賱丕丨鬲賰丕乇 丕賱賲卮乇賵毓/ 丕賱卮乇毓賷 賱賱毓賳賮 丕賱賲丕丿賷 賵丕賱乇賲夭賷".
賷乇賶 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 25 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1990 兀賳賾 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鬲毓夭夭 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 賲賳 亘賷賳 兀禺乇賷丕鬲貙 賵賷爻賲賷賴丕 賵噩賴丞 丕賱賳馗乇 丕賱賲丨賷胤丞 亘賵噩賴丕鬲 丕賱賳馗乇貙 兀賵 丕賱乇爻賲 丕賱賴賳丿爻賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 賱賰賱 賵噩賴丕鬲 丕賱賳馗乇. 賵賷賲賷夭 亘賷賳 丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 胤亘賷毓丞 禺丕賱賯丞 賵丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 胤亘賷毓丞 賲禺賱賵賯丞貙 賵賷賯賵賱 廿賳賾 乇丐賷丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 噩賲毓賸丕 賲賳 丕賱兀卮禺丕氐 丕賱賲賳馗賲賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賷賳鬲丿亘賵賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賷賮賵囟賵賳賴丕貙 兀賷 丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 禺丕胤卅丞 賱兀賳賴丕 鬲禺鬲夭賳 卮賷卅賸丕 賲賳 丕賱氐賳賲賷丞.
賮賷 丿乇爻 兀賵賱 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990貙 賷鬲氐丿賶 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賱賲爻丕卅賱 毓丿丞貙 賲賳賴丕 亘賷丕賳購 丕賱乇爻賲賷 賵鬲亘賷賷賳賴 賵亘賱丕睾鬲賴貙 賵丕賱毓賲賵賲賷 賵丕賱乇爻賲賷貙 賵丕賱丌禺乇 丕賱賰賱賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓 賵丕賱乇賯丕亘丞貙 賵賵賱丕丿丞 丕賱禺胤丕亘 丕賱毓賲賵賲賷貙 賵禺胤丕亘 丕賱毓賲賵賲 賵丕鬲賾亘丕毓 丕賱兀氐賵賱貙 賵丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲. 賷賯賵賱: "廿賳賾 丕賱鬲毓乇賷賮 丕賱氐乇賷丨 賱賱乇兀賷 丕賱乇爻賲賷貙 賮賷 賲噩鬲賲毓 賷夭毓賲 兀賳賴 丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷貙 賲賳 兀賳賴 乇兀賷購 丕賱賰丕賮丞貙 廿賳賲丕 賷禺賮賷 鬲毓乇賷賮賸丕 賲囟賲乇賸丕 賴賵 兀賳賾 丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲 賴賵 乇兀賷 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 賴賲 噩丿賷乇賵賳 亘兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賱賴賲 乇兀賷. 賴賳丕賰 囟乇亘 賲賳 丕賱鬲毓乇賷賮 丕賱賲賯氐賵乇 丕賱賲丨氐賵乇 賱賱乇兀賷 丕賱毓丕賲 賰乇兀賷 賲爻鬲賳賷乇貙 賰乇兀賷 噩丿賷乇 亘兀賳 賷丨賲賱 丕爻賲 乇兀賷".
賷鬲丨丿孬 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 8 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990 毓賳 鬲乇賰賾夭 丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱乇賲夭賷丞 丕賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇賷丞貙 賵賷賯丿賲 賯乇丕亍丞 爻賵爻賷賵賱賵噩賷丞 賱賮乇丕賳夭 賰丕賮賰丕貙 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕賱鬲禺賱賷 丕賱賵囟毓賷 丕賱匕賷 賷亘丿賱 丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 丨賷孬 賴賷 亘丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳賴丕 丨賷孬 鬲賲賰賳 乇丐賷鬲賴丕. 賵賷亘丨孬 賮賷 毓賱丕賯丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 亘毓賱賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓貙 賵賮賷 丕賱兀賳馗賲丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賱賱廿賲亘乇丕胤賵乇賷丕鬲 賱卮賲賵卅賷賱 賳購賵丕 丌賷夭賳卮鬲丕丿鬲貙 賵賷賯丿賲 丕禺鬲氐丕乇賸丕 賱賰鬲丕亘賷 亘賷乇賷 兀賳丿乇爻賵賳 丕賱毓亘賵乇 賲賳 丕賱毓氐賵乇 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞 廿賱賶 丕賱廿賯胤丕毓賷丞貙 賵丿賵賱丞 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱賲胤賱賯貙 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 "賲卮賰賱丞 丕賱丿乇賵亘 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞" 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 丕賱兀氐賵賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 賱賱丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丞 賵丕賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞 賱亘丕乇賷賳睾鬲賵賳 賲賵乇.
賷毓丕乇囟 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 15 卮亘丕胤/ 賮亘乇丕賷乇 1990 丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞 亘丕賱乇丐賷丞 丕賱賴賷睾賱賷丞 賱賱丿賵賱丞貙 賮丕賱乇丐賷鬲丕賳 鬲賲孬賱丕賳 毓賳丿賴 賯胤亘賷賳 賲鬲賳丕賯囟賷賳 賱兀賳孬乇賵亘賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵賴賲丕 賮賷 丕毓鬲賯丕丿賴 賵噩賴 丕賱賵乇賯丞 賵賯賮丕賴丕. 賷賯賵賱: "賱丕 賳爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賴賷睾賱賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賳丨氐賱 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞". 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賲爻兀賱丞 賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮賷 毓賱賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓 賵丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賳 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 亘賳賷賵賷丞 賳卮賵卅賷丞貙 賵鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賳卮賵卅賷. 賵賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丕夭丿賵丕噩賷丞 丕賱噩賵賴乇賷丞 賱賱丿賵賱丞: "賱丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳賳胤賯 亘禺丕氐賷丞 廿賷噩丕亘賷丞 賱賴丕 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賳孬賳賾賷 賮賷 丕賱丨賷賳 匕丕鬲賴 亘禺丕氐賷丞 爻賱亘賷丞貙 兀賵 賳賵乇丿 禺丕氐賷丞 賴賷睾賱賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 禺丕氐賷丞 賲丕乇賰爻賷丞貙 兀賵 禺丕氐賷丞 鬲賯丿賲賷丞 賲賳 丿賵賳 禺丕氐賷丞 乇噩毓賷丞 賯賲毓賷丞".
賮賷 丿乇爻 10 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991貙 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賵賱丕丿丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賳卮賵亍賴丕貙 兀賵 丕賱賳卮賵亍 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賱賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵亘賳賷丞 鬲卮睾賷賱 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵胤乇丕卅賯賴貙 賵匕賱賰 賮賷 賲賯丕乇亘鬲賷賳 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞 賵賳卮賵卅賷丞. 廿賳賾 丕賱亘丨孬 丕賱賳卮賵卅賷 賵丨丿賴 賷賲賰賳賴 兀賳 賷匕賰乇賳丕 亘兀賳賾 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賰賱 賲丕 賷賳亘毓 賲賳賴丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓 鬲丕乇賷禺賷貙 賵氐賳丕毓丞 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞貙 賵亘兀賳賳丕 賳丨賳 兀賳賮爻賳丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓丕鬲 丿賵賱丞貙 賵亘兀賳賾 兀匕賴丕賳賳丕 丕禺鬲乇丕毓丕鬲 丿賵賱丞. 賵賷賯賵賱 廿賳賾 孬賲丞 賲賳胤賯賸丕 賳賵毓賷賸丕 禺丕氐賸丕 亘丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵禺丕氐賸丕 亘鬲卮睾賷賱 丕賱丨賯賱 丕賱亘賷乇賵賯乇丕胤賷貙 "賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賮賷 賲亘丿兀 丕賱丕乇鬲賴丕賳 賵兀氐賱賴 兀賵 丕賱丕爻鬲賯賱丕賱 廿夭丕亍 丕賱賲氐丕賱丨 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞貙 兀賵 丕賱毓賱丕賯丕鬲 賵丕賱鬲乇丕亘胤丕鬲 賲毓 賲氐丕賱丨 禺丕乇噩賷丞貙 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賯丿 毓夭賲 毓賱賷賴丕 兀賵 兀乇丕丿賴丕 兀丨丿".
賷毓賵丿 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 丿乇爻 17 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 廿賱賶 賲毓賳賷賷 "丿賵賱丞" 亘賷賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱廿丿丕乇丞貙 賵賴賷 噩賲賱丞 賲賳 廿丿丕乇丕鬲 丕賱賵夭丕乇丕鬲貙 賵賴賷 卮賰賱 丨賰賲貙 賵丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱廿賯賱賷賲 丕賱賯賵賲賷 賵丕賱賲賵丕胤賳賵賳 噩賲賷毓賸丕. 賵賷氐賮 丕賱賳賯丕卮丕鬲 亘賷賳 丕賱賲丐乇禺賷賳 賱賲毓乇賮丞 廿匕丕 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱兀賲賾丞 鬲氐賳毓 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 兀賵 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鬲氐賳毓 丕賱兀賲賾丞貙 亘兀賳賴丕 賲賴賲丞 爻賷丕爻賷賸丕 賱賰賳 鬲丕賮賴丞 毓賱賲賷賸賾丕. 賵賷亘丨孬 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賴賳丕 賮賷 賳賲胤賷賳 賵兀賳賲賵匕噩賷賳 賱賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賳賲胤 賳賵乇亘乇鬲 廿賱賷丕爻 賵賳賲胤 鬲卮丕乇賱夭 鬲賷賱賾賷.
賷爻鬲賲乇 賮賷 丿乇爻 24 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 亘丕丨孬賸丕 賮賷 兀賳賲丕胤 賳卮賵亍賽 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵賳賲丕匕噩賴貙 丿丕乇爻賸丕 賳賲胤賸丕 賵兀賳賲賵匕噩賸丕 賱賮賷賱賷亘 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵丿賷乇賷賰 爻丕賷乇 丕賱賱匕賷賳 賷毓丕乇囟丕賳 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱丿賵賱丞 亘賵氐賮賴丕 兀丿丕丞 賯爻乇. 賮丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞 賵丕賱賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳囟毓賴丕 賮賷 噩丕賳亘 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賵賷丞 賲孬賱 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 鬲賷賱賾賷 賵廿賱賷丕爻 鬲購賯賱賾氐 賮賷 乇兀賷 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵爻丕賷乇 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賮鬲氐亘丨 兀丿丕丞 賯賲毓貙 賵鬲丨噩賽賾賲賴丕 賮鬲噩毓賱 賲賳賴丕 丕賳毓賰丕爻賸丕 賱賱爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷.
賷鬲丕亘毓 賮賷 丿乇爻 31 賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷/ 賷賳丕賷乇 1991 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 賳賲胤 賰賵乇賾賷睾丕賳 賵爻丕賷乇 賮賷 賳卮賵亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賲鬲賳丕賵賱賸丕 丕賱氐賱丞 亘賷賳 丕賱賵丨丿丞 丕賱賯賵賲賷丞 賵丕賱鬲賰丕賲賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮丞貙 兀賵 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱氐賱丞 亘賷賳 孬賯丕賮丞 賵兀賲賾丞貙 孬賯丕賮丞 賵賯賵賲賷丞 毓賱賶 賳丨賵賺 賷氐賱 亘賷賳賴丕 賵賷乇亘胤 亘毓囟賴丕 亘亘毓囟貙 賰賲丕 賮賷 丨丕賱鬲賷 廿賳賰賱鬲乇丕 賵丕賱賷丕亘丕賳. 賷賯賵賱 亘賵乇丿賷賵 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱丿乇爻: "鬲賰賵賳鬲 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀賲賲 賵賮賯 賲爻丕乇丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱賳賲胤 匕丕鬲賴貙 亘囟乇亘 賲賳 丕賱亘賳丕亍 丕賱賲氐胤賳毓 賱孬賯丕賮丞 賲氐胤賳毓丞. 孬賯丕賮丞 丕賱賲賳胤賱賯 丕賱鬲賷 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 亘毓囟 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀賲賲 兀賳 鬲賳賴賱 賲賳賴丕 賱亘賳丕亍 賴匕丕 丕賱賲氐賳賵毓貙 賴賷 孬賯丕賮丞 丿賷賳賷丞: 匕賱賰 丨丕賱 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賵丕賱亘賱丿丕賳 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞. 賰賷賮 丕賱爻亘賷賱 廿賱賶 氐賳丕毓丞 孬賯丕賮丞 賯賵賲賷丞貙 孬賯丕賮丞 亘丕賱賲毓賳賶 丕賱乇爻賲賷 賱賱賰賱賲丞貙 毓賳丿賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 賲賰賵賳丕鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱孬賯丕賮丞 丿賷賳賷丞 兀爻丕爻賸丕責 賰賷賮 丕賱爻亘賷賱 廿賱賶 氐賳丕毓丞 孬賯丕賮丞 匕丕鬲...
735 pages, Paperback
First published January 5, 2012
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477 people want to read
About the author
Pierre Bourdieu
343听books1,209听followersBourdieu pioneered investigative frameworks and terminologies such as cultural, social, and symbolic capital, and the concepts of habitus, field or location, and symbolic violence to reveal the dynamics of power relations in social life. His work emphasized the role of practice and embodiment or forms in social dynamics and worldview construction, often in opposition to universalized Western philosophical traditions. He built upon the theories of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Edmund Husserl, Georges Canguilhem, Karl Marx, Gaston Bachelard, Max Weber, 脡mile Durkheim, Erwin Panofsky, and Marcel Mauss. A notable influence on Bourdieu was Blaise Pascal, after whom Bourdieu titled his Pascalian Meditations.
Bourdieu rejected the idea of the intellectual "prophet", or the "total intellectual", as embodied by Sartre. His best known book is Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, in which he argues that judgments of taste are related to social position. His argument is put forward by an original combination of social theory and data from surveys, photographs and interviews, in an attempt to reconcile difficulties such as how to understand the subject within objective structures. In the process, he tried to reconcile the influences of both external social structures and subjective experience on the individual (see structure and agency).
Bourdieu rejected the idea of the intellectual "prophet", or the "total intellectual", as embodied by Sartre. His best known book is Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, in which he argues that judgments of taste are related to social position. His argument is put forward by an original combination of social theory and data from surveys, photographs and interviews, in an attempt to reconcile difficulties such as how to understand the subject within objective structures. In the process, he tried to reconcile the influences of both external social structures and subjective experience on the individual (see structure and agency).
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Displaying 1 - 7 of 7 reviews
February 10, 2016
These lectures delivered over 3 years at the College de France expose the state - and our abiding belief in it - as a 400-year old political fiction brought to life by its many agents through their collective acts done in the name of the state. If this sounds tautological, it is - the state exists because we act as if it does. Its power is dispersed through rituals and routines that may seem innocuous or inevitable - the calendar, geography, spelling, licenses, disciplines taught in school as discrete knowledges, housing practices, taxes - but that make its subjects serve it and those who have access to its symbolic capital. To read the state at this level (where it is brought into being in both long range and intimate day to day ways) requires Weber, Marx and Durkheim to bear.
November 8, 2021
Sempre que me debru莽o sobre Bourdieu chego 脿 mesma conclus茫o: se foi cedo demais. E essa s茅rie de aulas 茅 prova definitiva de qu茫o inteligente e complexo (sem tender ao complicado) o pensamento (sempre em movimento, diga-se de passagem) de Pierre Bourdieu sempre foi. Sobre o Estado 茅 mais do que uma cole莽茫o de palestras, 茅 uma chance de espiar o que ainda poderia ser caso o soci贸logo ainda estivesse vivo.
Leitura obrigat贸ria.
Leitura obrigat贸ria.
April 23, 2018
莽ok iyi.
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June 16, 20202014
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April 22, 2023sa f茅 reflexir
June 2, 2015
Bourdieu is a brilliant thinker, but a mediocre rhetorician. Most annoying are his slanderous remarks about Marxism. He caricatures the ideas of Marx to make his own seem more original. Classic example: he claims that the ideas of lawyers are products of their material struggle about power and influence, but you should not use the base/superstructure model to analyze this! (For the uninitiated: what Bourdieu describes here is an excellent illustration of the base/superstructure model, where the superstructure (culture, ideas, institutions) are constructed over a material base.)
September 23, 2015
While criticizing the conventional approaches to state including Weberian, institutional and particularly Marxist approaches; Bourdieu mainly addresses the ways of analysing the state and suggests an ethno- methodological approach as a way to analyse this 鈥渦nthinkable object鈥�. At least you have to ask anthropological, ethno methodological questions together with the global questions to have adequate questions on the state (p.171). State is primarily a legitimator.
Displaying 1 - 7 of 7 reviews
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