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袚薪械胁褗褌 薪邪 屑褉邪胁泻懈褌械
袚芯谢械屑懈褟褌 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褋泻懈 锌懈褋邪褌械谢 袛卸芯薪 小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 (褉芯写械薪 胁 1902 谐芯写懈薪邪) 械 屑懈薪邪谢 褋谢芯卸械薪 卸懈蟹薪械薪 锌褗褌. 袨褖械 泻邪褌芯 褍褔械薪懈泻 胁 谐懈屑薪邪蟹懈褟褌邪, 褌芯泄 褉邪斜芯褌懈 胁 械写懈薪 褔懈褎谢懈泻, 邪 锌芯褋谢械 胁 械写薪邪 褎邪斜褉懈泻邪 蟹邪 蟹邪褏邪褉. 袟邪锌懈褋胁邪 褋械 胁 小褌邪薪褎芯褉写褋泻懈褟 褍薪懈胁械褉褋懈褌械褌, 薪芯 薪械 褍褋锌褟胁邪 写邪 谐芯 蟹邪胁褗褉褕懈 懈 锌褉芯写褗谢卸邪胁邪 写邪 褋懈 懈蟹泻邪褉胁邪 褏谢褟斜邪 泻邪褌芯 蟹懈写邪褉, 斜芯褟写卸懈褟, 锌邪蟹邪褔, 褉械锌芯褉褌褜芯褉.
小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 蟹邪锌芯褔胁邪 写邪 锌懈褕械芯褖械 薪邪 屑谢邪写懈薪懈. 袧芯 懈褋褌懈薪褋泻懈 锌邪褌芯褋 薪邪 斜芯褉斜邪褌邪 薪邪 薪邪褉芯写邪, 薪邪 薪械 谐芯胁懈褌械 褋褌褉邪写邪薪懈褟 懈 薪邪写械卸写懈, 小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 褍褋锌褟胁邪 写邪 锌褉械写邪写械 锌芯-泻褗褋薪芯, 胁 薪邪泄-斜械谢械卸懈褌懈褟 褋懈 褉芯屑邪薪 - "袚薪械胁褗褌 薪邪 屑褉邪胁泻懈褌械" (1939), 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪 胁 锌械褉懈写邪 薪邪 锌芯写械屑邪 薪邪 褉邪斜芯褌薪懈褔械褋泻芯褌芯 写胁懈卸械薪懈械 胁 小袗些. 孝芯蟹懈 褉芯屑邪薪, 薪邪褉械褔械薪 芯褌 薪褟泻芯懈 泻褉懈褌懈褑懈 "效懈褔芯 孝芯屑芯胁邪褌邪 泻芯谢懈斜邪 薪邪 啸啸 胁械泻", 械 胁邪卸械薪 褋褌褗谢斜 胁 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褉邪蟹胁懈褌懈械褌芯 薪邪 锌褉芯谐褉械褋懈胁薪邪褌邪 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪 薪邪 小袗些. 袪邪蟹泻邪蟹邪薪邪褌邪 胁 薪械谐芯 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟 薪邪 褎械褉屑械褉褋泻芯褌芯 褋械屑械泄褋褌胁芯 袛卸芯褍写芯胁懈, 懈蟹谐芯薪械薪芯 芯褌 蟹械屑褟褌邪 薪邪 锌褉邪写械写懈褌械 屑褍, 械 褌懈锌懈褔薪邪 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟 薪邪 褋褌芯褌懈褑懈 褏懈谢褟写懈 褋械屑械泄褋褌胁邪 薪邪 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褋泻懈 褎械褉屑械褉懈, 褔懈械褌芯 褋褌芯锌邪薪褋褌胁芯 械 斜懈谢芯 锌芯写泻芯锌邪薪芯 芯褌 懈泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻邪褌邪 泻褉懈蟹邪, 芯褌 械褉芯蟹懈褟褌邪 薪邪 锌芯褔胁邪褌邪, 芯褌 褋褍褕邪褌邪. 小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 械 褋褗蟹写邪谢 卸懈胁懈 芯斜褉邪蟹懈 薪邪 芯斜懈泻薪芯胁械薪懈 褏芯褉邪, 泻芯懈褌芯 褋械 薪邪写懈谐邪褌 胁 蟹邪褖懈褌邪 薪邪 褋胁芯懈褌械 锌褉邪胁邪. 袙 褉芯屑邪薪邪 械 懈蟹褉邪蟹械薪邪 屑懈褋褗谢褌邪, 褔械 薪邪褉芯写褗褌 褖械 卸懈胁械械 懈 褖械 褋械 斜芯褉懈 胁懈薪邪谐懈, 薪懈泻芯泄 薪械 屑芯卸械 写邪 谐芯 褋谢芯屑懈 懈 褍薪懈褖芯卸懈.
小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 蟹邪锌芯褔胁邪 写邪 锌懈褕械芯褖械 薪邪 屑谢邪写懈薪懈. 袧芯 懈褋褌懈薪褋泻懈 锌邪褌芯褋 薪邪 斜芯褉斜邪褌邪 薪邪 薪邪褉芯写邪, 薪邪 薪械 谐芯胁懈褌械 褋褌褉邪写邪薪懈褟 懈 薪邪写械卸写懈, 小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 褍褋锌褟胁邪 写邪 锌褉械写邪写械 锌芯-泻褗褋薪芯, 胁 薪邪泄-斜械谢械卸懈褌懈褟 褋懈 褉芯屑邪薪 - "袚薪械胁褗褌 薪邪 屑褉邪胁泻懈褌械" (1939), 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪 胁 锌械褉懈写邪 薪邪 锌芯写械屑邪 薪邪 褉邪斜芯褌薪懈褔械褋泻芯褌芯 写胁懈卸械薪懈械 胁 小袗些. 孝芯蟹懈 褉芯屑邪薪, 薪邪褉械褔械薪 芯褌 薪褟泻芯懈 泻褉懈褌懈褑懈 "效懈褔芯 孝芯屑芯胁邪褌邪 泻芯谢懈斜邪 薪邪 啸啸 胁械泻", 械 胁邪卸械薪 褋褌褗谢斜 胁 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褉邪蟹胁懈褌懈械褌芯 薪邪 锌褉芯谐褉械褋懈胁薪邪褌邪 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪 薪邪 小袗些. 袪邪蟹泻邪蟹邪薪邪褌邪 胁 薪械谐芯 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟 薪邪 褎械褉屑械褉褋泻芯褌芯 褋械屑械泄褋褌胁芯 袛卸芯褍写芯胁懈, 懈蟹谐芯薪械薪芯 芯褌 蟹械屑褟褌邪 薪邪 锌褉邪写械写懈褌械 屑褍, 械 褌懈锌懈褔薪邪 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟 薪邪 褋褌芯褌懈褑懈 褏懈谢褟写懈 褋械屑械泄褋褌胁邪 薪邪 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褋泻懈 褎械褉屑械褉懈, 褔懈械褌芯 褋褌芯锌邪薪褋褌胁芯 械 斜懈谢芯 锌芯写泻芯锌邪薪芯 芯褌 懈泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻邪褌邪 泻褉懈蟹邪, 芯褌 械褉芯蟹懈褟褌邪 薪邪 锌芯褔胁邪褌邪, 芯褌 褋褍褕邪褌邪. 小褌邪泄薪斜械泻 械 褋褗蟹写邪谢 卸懈胁懈 芯斜褉邪蟹懈 薪邪 芯斜懈泻薪芯胁械薪懈 褏芯褉邪, 泻芯懈褌芯 褋械 薪邪写懈谐邪褌 胁 蟹邪褖懈褌邪 薪邪 褋胁芯懈褌械 锌褉邪胁邪. 袙 褉芯屑邪薪邪 械 懈蟹褉邪蟹械薪邪 屑懈褋褗谢褌邪, 褔械 薪邪褉芯写褗褌 褖械 卸懈胁械械 懈 褖械 褋械 斜芯褉懈 胁懈薪邪谐懈, 薪懈泻芯泄 薪械 屑芯卸械 写邪 谐芯 褋谢芯屑懈 懈 褍薪懈褖芯卸懈.
548 pages, Hardcover
First published April 14, 1939
24.1k people are currently reading
721k people want to read
About the author
John Steinbeck
947听books24.9k听followersJohn Ernst Steinbeck was an American writer. He won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception". He has been called "a giant of American letters."
During his writing career, he authored 33 books, with one book coauthored alongside Edward F. Ricketts, including 16 novels, six non-fiction books, and two collections of short stories. He is widely known for the comic novels Tortilla Flat (1935) and Cannery Row (1945), the multi-generation epic East of Eden (1952), and the novellas The Red Pony (1933) and Of Mice and Men (1937). The Pulitzer Prize鈥搘inning The Grapes of Wrath (1939) is considered Steinbeck's masterpiece and part of the American literary canon. By the 75th anniversary of its publishing date, it had sold 14 million copies.
Most of Steinbeck's work is set in central California, particularly in the Salinas Valley and the California Coast Ranges region. His works frequently explored the themes of fate and injustice, especially as applied to downtrodden or everyman protagonists.
During his writing career, he authored 33 books, with one book coauthored alongside Edward F. Ricketts, including 16 novels, six non-fiction books, and two collections of short stories. He is widely known for the comic novels Tortilla Flat (1935) and Cannery Row (1945), the multi-generation epic East of Eden (1952), and the novellas The Red Pony (1933) and Of Mice and Men (1937). The Pulitzer Prize鈥搘inning The Grapes of Wrath (1939) is considered Steinbeck's masterpiece and part of the American literary canon. By the 75th anniversary of its publishing date, it had sold 14 million copies.
Most of Steinbeck's work is set in central California, particularly in the Salinas Valley and the California Coast Ranges region. His works frequently explored the themes of fate and injustice, especially as applied to downtrodden or everyman protagonists.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 26,832 reviews
May 18, 2013
If you are an American you need to read The Grapes of Wrath. It scares the poop out of me because, my fellow Americans, we are repeating history. If live anywhere else read it as well as a guide for what not to do.
In the Grapes of Wrath Mr. Steinbeck tells the tale of the first great depression through the Joad family from Oklahoma, who has been displaced from their family farm through no fault of their own. You see, there was a big bad drought which made farming impossible. In those days the family farm fed the family and what they had left over they sold. But when the drought hit the only thing that would grow was cotton, you can鈥檛 eat cotton, and that crop sucked the life right out of the soil so no other crop could grow in it for a very long time.
鈥淭hese things were lost, and crops were reckoned in dollars, and land was valued by principal plus interest, and crops were bought and sold before they were planted. Then crop failure, drought, and flood were no longer little deaths within life, but simple losses of money. And all their love was thinned with money, and all their fierceness dribbled away in interest until they were no longer farmers at all, but little shopkeepers of crops, little manufacturers who must sell before they can make. Then those farmers who were not good shopkeepers lost their land to good shopkeepers. No matter how clever, how loving a man might be with earth and growing things, he could not survive if he were not also a good shopkeeper. And as time went on, the business men had the farms, and the farms grew larger, but there were fewer of them.鈥�
Some guys with a lot of cash came along and bought up all the struggling family farms and leased the land back to the former family farmers and when they couldn鈥檛 produce, the new Owners kicked the families out of their homes. Put them on the streets, children and elderly and all鈥︹€�..who cares, right? Poor people are less than.
From California came hand bills, pamphlets promising jobs and urging the homeless to drag their whole lives via barely moving junk heaps to the golden state where grapes grew in bunches by the side of the road. What choice did they have? They drove across deserts and mountains, losing loved ones along the way, they answered those hand bills in droves. What else could they do?
What happened when they got to California? They didn鈥檛 get jobs, they got ridicule. They were called Okies and shitheals and were looked down upon. 鈥淗ow can they live like that?鈥� The people with money would ask, as if being poor was a choice. As if they were just lazy and all it would take to get out of poverty was to get a job鈥︹€ut there were no fucking jobs. The owners sent out more handbills then they needed to. Why? Because the more men begging for a job the less the owners would have to pay them. Supply and demand. The greedy sons a bitches wanted to pay as little as possible, and that is exactly what they did. The Okies did not have a union of course.
鈥淎nd the great owners, who must lose their land in an upheaval, the great owners with access to history, with eyes to read history and to know the great fact: when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact: when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need. And the little screaming fact that sounds through all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. The great owners ignored the three cries of history. The land fell into fewer hands, the number of the dispossessed increased, and every effort of the great owners was directed at repression. The money was spent for arms, for gas to protect the great holdings, and spies were sent to catch the murmuring of revolt so that it might be stamped out. The changing economy was ignored, plans for the change ignored; and only means to destroy revolt were considered, while the causes of revolt went on.鈥�
Who are the 鈥済reat owners鈥� today? The Walton family (of Walmart), six of them, have the same amount of money as the bottom 40% of Americans. That is 124,720,000 people, people. $93 billion鈥�..BILLION and they want more, more money than could be spent in several lifetimes. They don鈥檛 need it all, but the rest of America does. Do you think the Walton鈥檚 might have an interest in keeping people poor? Go check out who鈥檚 in that store at 3am.
Let鈥檚 also take a look at who is running against President Obama. Mittens is so rich that he doesn鈥檛 even know what a doughnut is, and he鈥檚 fighting for the Waltons and all of the 1 %. He鈥檚 so rich he thinks he is entitled to the office and 鈥渦s people鈥� do not need to see his tax returns鈥︹€he nerve of us, move on. We need to sit down, shut up, and stop asking questions because he, being a rich bastard, is an 鈥渙wner鈥� and we should know our place. Not bloody likely.
鈥淥ur people are good people; our people are kind people. Pray God some day kind people won鈥檛 all be poor. Pray God some day a kid can eat.
And the associations of owners knew that some day the praying would stop.
And there鈥檚 the end.鈥�
Also posted at
In the Grapes of Wrath Mr. Steinbeck tells the tale of the first great depression through the Joad family from Oklahoma, who has been displaced from their family farm through no fault of their own. You see, there was a big bad drought which made farming impossible. In those days the family farm fed the family and what they had left over they sold. But when the drought hit the only thing that would grow was cotton, you can鈥檛 eat cotton, and that crop sucked the life right out of the soil so no other crop could grow in it for a very long time.
鈥淭hese things were lost, and crops were reckoned in dollars, and land was valued by principal plus interest, and crops were bought and sold before they were planted. Then crop failure, drought, and flood were no longer little deaths within life, but simple losses of money. And all their love was thinned with money, and all their fierceness dribbled away in interest until they were no longer farmers at all, but little shopkeepers of crops, little manufacturers who must sell before they can make. Then those farmers who were not good shopkeepers lost their land to good shopkeepers. No matter how clever, how loving a man might be with earth and growing things, he could not survive if he were not also a good shopkeeper. And as time went on, the business men had the farms, and the farms grew larger, but there were fewer of them.鈥�
Some guys with a lot of cash came along and bought up all the struggling family farms and leased the land back to the former family farmers and when they couldn鈥檛 produce, the new Owners kicked the families out of their homes. Put them on the streets, children and elderly and all鈥︹€�..who cares, right? Poor people are less than.
From California came hand bills, pamphlets promising jobs and urging the homeless to drag their whole lives via barely moving junk heaps to the golden state where grapes grew in bunches by the side of the road. What choice did they have? They drove across deserts and mountains, losing loved ones along the way, they answered those hand bills in droves. What else could they do?
What happened when they got to California? They didn鈥檛 get jobs, they got ridicule. They were called Okies and shitheals and were looked down upon. 鈥淗ow can they live like that?鈥� The people with money would ask, as if being poor was a choice. As if they were just lazy and all it would take to get out of poverty was to get a job鈥︹€ut there were no fucking jobs. The owners sent out more handbills then they needed to. Why? Because the more men begging for a job the less the owners would have to pay them. Supply and demand. The greedy sons a bitches wanted to pay as little as possible, and that is exactly what they did. The Okies did not have a union of course.
鈥淎nd the great owners, who must lose their land in an upheaval, the great owners with access to history, with eyes to read history and to know the great fact: when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact: when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need. And the little screaming fact that sounds through all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. The great owners ignored the three cries of history. The land fell into fewer hands, the number of the dispossessed increased, and every effort of the great owners was directed at repression. The money was spent for arms, for gas to protect the great holdings, and spies were sent to catch the murmuring of revolt so that it might be stamped out. The changing economy was ignored, plans for the change ignored; and only means to destroy revolt were considered, while the causes of revolt went on.鈥�
Who are the 鈥済reat owners鈥� today? The Walton family (of Walmart), six of them, have the same amount of money as the bottom 40% of Americans. That is 124,720,000 people, people. $93 billion鈥�..BILLION and they want more, more money than could be spent in several lifetimes. They don鈥檛 need it all, but the rest of America does. Do you think the Walton鈥檚 might have an interest in keeping people poor? Go check out who鈥檚 in that store at 3am.
Let鈥檚 also take a look at who is running against President Obama. Mittens is so rich that he doesn鈥檛 even know what a doughnut is, and he鈥檚 fighting for the Waltons and all of the 1 %. He鈥檚 so rich he thinks he is entitled to the office and 鈥渦s people鈥� do not need to see his tax returns鈥︹€he nerve of us, move on. We need to sit down, shut up, and stop asking questions because he, being a rich bastard, is an 鈥渙wner鈥� and we should know our place. Not bloody likely.
鈥淥ur people are good people; our people are kind people. Pray God some day kind people won鈥檛 all be poor. Pray God some day a kid can eat.
And the associations of owners knew that some day the praying would stop.
And there鈥檚 the end.鈥�
Also posted at
December 4, 2013
Whenever I revisit a classic I'm struck by how much more I get out of it now than I did when I was 24 or 19 or, God forbid, 15. Giving a book like the Grapes of Wrath to a 15 year old serves largely to put them off fine literature for the rest of their lives. The depth of understanding and compassion for the human condition as communicated by a book like this is simply unfathomable to those who haven't lived much life yet, but after you've gotten a healthy dose of living, it comes across like fine music to a trained ear. My heart doesn't bleed for the Joads today as it might have 25 years ago. Yes, it's grim and unfair, but it's no longer shocking or disturbing, and I can see now that Steinbeck didn't intend sensationalism to be the main point. What he's about is revealing the human dignity, the innate goodness and unbreakable pride of these people, and by extension the American people in general, something that still resonates today, especially with reference to the working classes. When the Joads and their kind decline government hand outs, requesting instead the simple opportunity to work hard and be rewarded commensurate with their labor (even if it means a grueling cross-country journey to a place they don't know) one can hear today's white working poors' exasperated disdain for government, insisting that they simply be allowed to keep more of their pay and not be held back in their efforts by nit-picking legalities and cultural trivialities that disapprove of their lifestyles. Sadly, most such people will never read the Grapes of Wrath. Worse yet, many liberal lawmakers won't read it again after high school and won't glean from it an essential understanding about the pride and perseverance of the American working class which the far right is playing like a fiddle much to the detriment of the entire nation. A book like the Grapes of Wrath should be required reading - for every American over 30.
June 6, 2019
This is another review-as-I-go, which helps me capture my thoughts of the moment, before I forget them!
One thing that strikes me in these early pages is Steinbeck's technique of focusing on things that are supposedly "tangential" to the main narrative of the Joad family but yet are central to their fate. I'm thinking of the descriptions of the natural world like that wonderful chapter about the turtle, who eventually gets scooped up by Tom. You see the world through the turtle's eyes for a moment and you see how the indifference of the characters to nature is a larger phenomenon that leads to their own ruin. Steinbeck reinforces this theme later when he talks about how farmers can no longer afford to feel and relate to nature, that they're basically chemists dealing in nitrogen and machine operators dealing with tractors. But, he says, when the "wonder" is gone, people are doomed. And of course the entire book is about the doomed nature of the dust bowl, and this--he says--is how we got there, through this kind of moral breakdown.
There's another, similar type of moral breakdown at work in the wonderful passage about the car dealers talking about how to rip people off. Here we see other forces--greed, capitalism, deceit--that also serve as a form of human self-sabotage.
This is what I appreciate so far: that this book is ABOUT SOMETHING! That Steinbeck has something to say about the human endeavor. I find this element missing in so much contemporary fiction, which doesn't really seem to be about much of anything at all.
As it gets closer to California, and the landscape changes, the first ominous whisperings appear that California will not be the paradise the Joads expect. Still they carry on, feeling like they have no choice, swept up in this tide of history.
At first the Joads encounter only the cruelty of capitalism--that the large field owners want to have hundreds of thousands of poor workers to choose from because it will keep wages low. Then in the government camp, they finally meet with simple human kindness--really the antithesis of all that. Steinbeck is showing how important kindness is and how it is crushed in the capitalist machine. Money becomes like an ideology, a mask that shields the owners from the consequences of their bad actions. But it's also become necessary for survival. No longer can small farmers work their own land. They are forced into the larger economy, forced to earn wages and participate in the world of money in order to survive. Thus, the Joads are eventually forced to leave the government camp in search of work. Where? They don't know. Somewhere vaguely north.
Eventually they find work picking peaches, but they soon become caught up in labor unrest that spills into fatal violence, and they're forced to leave. I won't give away much of what follows. Suffice it to say that the harrowing ordeals don't end there, nor the emphasis on simple human kindness as the antidote to the capitalist machine. Simple human kindness becomes, by the end, the mother's milk that can sustain them, but only barely and uncertainly, and we're left with the indelible portrait of people trying to survive, unsure how it might turn out.
A brave, fierce work that brims with the sense that it doesn't have to be this way--that people have made choices to be cruel but can make choices to be kind, as well. That something has to change because for most people, this architecture and logic of cruelty brings no relief and no joy.
One thing that strikes me in these early pages is Steinbeck's technique of focusing on things that are supposedly "tangential" to the main narrative of the Joad family but yet are central to their fate. I'm thinking of the descriptions of the natural world like that wonderful chapter about the turtle, who eventually gets scooped up by Tom. You see the world through the turtle's eyes for a moment and you see how the indifference of the characters to nature is a larger phenomenon that leads to their own ruin. Steinbeck reinforces this theme later when he talks about how farmers can no longer afford to feel and relate to nature, that they're basically chemists dealing in nitrogen and machine operators dealing with tractors. But, he says, when the "wonder" is gone, people are doomed. And of course the entire book is about the doomed nature of the dust bowl, and this--he says--is how we got there, through this kind of moral breakdown.
There's another, similar type of moral breakdown at work in the wonderful passage about the car dealers talking about how to rip people off. Here we see other forces--greed, capitalism, deceit--that also serve as a form of human self-sabotage.
This is what I appreciate so far: that this book is ABOUT SOMETHING! That Steinbeck has something to say about the human endeavor. I find this element missing in so much contemporary fiction, which doesn't really seem to be about much of anything at all.
As it gets closer to California, and the landscape changes, the first ominous whisperings appear that California will not be the paradise the Joads expect. Still they carry on, feeling like they have no choice, swept up in this tide of history.
At first the Joads encounter only the cruelty of capitalism--that the large field owners want to have hundreds of thousands of poor workers to choose from because it will keep wages low. Then in the government camp, they finally meet with simple human kindness--really the antithesis of all that. Steinbeck is showing how important kindness is and how it is crushed in the capitalist machine. Money becomes like an ideology, a mask that shields the owners from the consequences of their bad actions. But it's also become necessary for survival. No longer can small farmers work their own land. They are forced into the larger economy, forced to earn wages and participate in the world of money in order to survive. Thus, the Joads are eventually forced to leave the government camp in search of work. Where? They don't know. Somewhere vaguely north.
Eventually they find work picking peaches, but they soon become caught up in labor unrest that spills into fatal violence, and they're forced to leave. I won't give away much of what follows. Suffice it to say that the harrowing ordeals don't end there, nor the emphasis on simple human kindness as the antidote to the capitalist machine. Simple human kindness becomes, by the end, the mother's milk that can sustain them, but only barely and uncertainly, and we're left with the indelible portrait of people trying to survive, unsure how it might turn out.
A brave, fierce work that brims with the sense that it doesn't have to be this way--that people have made choices to be cruel but can make choices to be kind, as well. That something has to change because for most people, this architecture and logic of cruelty brings no relief and no joy.
January 29, 2023
鈥淎nd the fifth angel poured out his vial upon the seat of the beast; and his kingdom was full of darkness; and they gnawed their tongues for pain鈥︹€� Revelation 16:10
The Grapes of Wrath begins with the description of the severe drought and dust storms that deprived farmers of their livelihood and sustenance鈥�
No land, no home, no money, no food 鈥� time to hit the road and find a better place鈥� But is there a better place?
But freedom of the poor is restricted by the freedom of the state and freedom of politicians and freedom of the rich鈥�
That鈥檚 the way of the state.
That鈥檚 the way of politicians.
And that鈥檚 the fate of the poor.
The power always is on the side of the rich and if you鈥檙e poor they won鈥檛 give you anything, you鈥檒l have only what you can take.
The Grapes of Wrath begins with the description of the severe drought and dust storms that deprived farmers of their livelihood and sustenance鈥�
The dawn came, but no day. In the gray sky a red sun appeared, a dim red circle that gave a little light, like dusk; and as that day advanced, the dusk slipped back toward darkness, and the wind cried and whimpered over the fallen corn.
No land, no home, no money, no food 鈥� time to hit the road and find a better place鈥� But is there a better place?
The bitterness we sold to the junk man 鈥� he got it all right, but we have it still. And when the owner men told us to go, that鈥檚 us; and when the tractor hit the house, that鈥檚 us until we鈥檙e dead. To California or any place 鈥� every one a drum major leading a parade of hurts, marching with our bitterness. And some day 鈥� the armies of bitterness will all be going the same way. And they鈥檒l all walk together, and there鈥檒l be a dead terror from it.
But freedom of the poor is restricted by the freedom of the state and freedom of politicians and freedom of the rich鈥�
鈥淗ere鈥檚 me that used to give all my fight against the devil 鈥檆ause I figgered the devil was the enemy. But they鈥檚 somepin worse鈥檔 the devil got hold a the country, an鈥� it ain鈥檛 gonna let go till it鈥檚 chopped loose. Ever see one a them Gila monsters take hold, mister?鈥�
That鈥檚 the way of the state.
鈥淟ead 鈥檈m around and around. Sling 鈥檈m in the irrigation ditch. Tell 鈥檈m they鈥檒l burn in hell if they don鈥檛 think like you. What the hell you want to lead 鈥檈m someplace for? Jus鈥� lead 鈥檈m.鈥欌€�
That鈥檚 the way of politicians.
鈥淚 hear 鈥檈m an鈥� feel 鈥檈m; an鈥� they鈥檙e beating their wings like a bird in a attic. Gonna bust their wings on a dusty winda tryin鈥� ta get out.鈥欌€�
And that鈥檚 the fate of the poor.
鈥淚鈥檓 learnin鈥� one thing good,鈥欌€� she said. 鈥淟earnin鈥� it all a time, ever鈥� day. If you鈥檙e in trouble or hurt or need 鈥� go to poor people. They鈥檙e the only ones that鈥檒l help 鈥� the only ones.鈥欌€�
The power always is on the side of the rich and if you鈥檙e poor they won鈥檛 give you anything, you鈥檒l have only what you can take.
January 11, 2025
At 17, I bought The Grapes of Wrath, cracked it open, and, after reading a few pages, declared it BOR-ING. Yawn. I was off to the mall with my tight abs to find some jeans that would accentuate my vacuous mind.
The same copy then sat on my various book shelves ever since. I've never been able to sell it or give it away, so finally, my looser abs and I decided to give it an actual try.
Now, the ladies at my book club will tell you. . . I'm not easily won over by any book, though I do believe that a good book is a good book. . . merely because YOU like it. A good book may not have any other merit other than you thought the protagonist was sweet. Or cute.
But, a great book? Well, a great book is a whole different story. A great book has nothing to do with YOU, or at least not YOU individually. A great book pays tribute to the collective YOU, our collective consciousness. A great book garners the support of Divinity and has the staying power of the people through multiple generations and years.
And this is a great book. As far as I'm concerned, one of the best ever written.
I can only imagine that Steinbeck's hands were shaking as he removed the last page from the typewriter (yes, writers used something called typewriters back then). I picture a silent room as he experienced a true moment of awe. I like to think he had tears in his eyes, or that they slid slowly down his face, just as mine did throughout this read. As Frost would say, "no tears in the writer, no tears in the reader."
Believe me, if you are over 35 and have a heart, you can not read this novel without tears, laughter, anger and awe. This novel is better than approximately 95% of novels currently on this planet. I'd like to travel back in time and cup Steinbeck's face in my hands and say, "You did it, John. You really did it."
The same copy then sat on my various book shelves ever since. I've never been able to sell it or give it away, so finally, my looser abs and I decided to give it an actual try.
Now, the ladies at my book club will tell you. . . I'm not easily won over by any book, though I do believe that a good book is a good book. . . merely because YOU like it. A good book may not have any other merit other than you thought the protagonist was sweet. Or cute.
But, a great book? Well, a great book is a whole different story. A great book has nothing to do with YOU, or at least not YOU individually. A great book pays tribute to the collective YOU, our collective consciousness. A great book garners the support of Divinity and has the staying power of the people through multiple generations and years.
And this is a great book. As far as I'm concerned, one of the best ever written.
I can only imagine that Steinbeck's hands were shaking as he removed the last page from the typewriter (yes, writers used something called typewriters back then). I picture a silent room as he experienced a true moment of awe. I like to think he had tears in his eyes, or that they slid slowly down his face, just as mine did throughout this read. As Frost would say, "no tears in the writer, no tears in the reader."
Believe me, if you are over 35 and have a heart, you can not read this novel without tears, laughter, anger and awe. This novel is better than approximately 95% of novels currently on this planet. I'd like to travel back in time and cup Steinbeck's face in my hands and say, "You did it, John. You really did it."
August 2, 2021
(Book 592 From 1001 Books) - The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck
The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939. The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.
The narrative begins just after Tom Joad is paroled from McAlester prison, where he had been incarcerated after being convicted of homicide in self-defense.
While hitchhiking to his home near Sallisaw, Oklahoma, Tom meets former preacher Jim Casy, whom he remembers from his childhood, and the two travel together.
When they arrive at Tom's childhood farm home, they find it deserted. Disconcerted and confused, Tom and Casy meet their old neighbor, Muley Graves, who tells them the family has gone to stay at Uncle John Joad's home nearby. Graves tells them that the banks have evicted all the farmers.
They have moved away, but he refuses to leave the area. ...
禺賵卮賴鈥� 賴丕蹖 禺卮賲 - 噩丕賳 丕爻鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� (丕賲蹖乇讴亘蹖乇) 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 爻丕賱 1977賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 禺賵卮賴 賴丕蹖 禺卮賲貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 噩丕賳 丕乇賳爻鬲 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴 (丕爻鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴)貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 卮丕賴乇禺 賲爻讴賵亘貨 毓亘丿丕賱乇丨蹖賲 丕丨賲丿蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賲蹖乇讴亘蹖乇貙 趩丕倬 丕賵賱 1328貙 丿乇 520氐貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇賲貙 1346貙 丿乇 624氐貨 趩丕倬 倬賳噩賲 1351貙 丿乇 658氐貨 趩丕倬 賴賮鬲賲 1356貙 趩丕倬 賴卮鬲賲 1357貨 趩丕倬 丿賴賲 1379貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇丿賴賲 1387貨 卮丕亘讴 9789640006283貨 趩丕倬 賴噩丿賴賲 1392貨 趩丕倬 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 1397貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖丕賱丕鬲 賲鬲丨丿賴 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 - 爻丿賴 20賲
亘乇诏乇丿丕賳賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕夭 丌賯丕蹖丕賳 賵 禺丕賳賲賴丕: 芦毓鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵷€嵷斥€嵺屸€嵸嗏€� 卮鈥嵷臂屸€嵸佲€嵺屸€嵷з嗏€屫� 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 亘夭乇诏賲賴乇貙 1368貨 丿乇 610氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲鈥嵸団€嵷必з嗏€�: 賳鈥嵹€嵷з団€屸€忊€� 1387貨 丿乇 614氐貨 卮丕亘讴9789643510152貨 趩丕倬 蹖丕夭丿賴賲 1399禄貨 芦丕丨鈥嵸呪€嵷� 胤丕賴鈥嵷壁┾€嵺屸€嵷粹€屫� 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 夭乇蹖賳貙 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 1362貨 丿乇 566氐禄貨 芦爻蹖賲蹖賳 鬲丕噩丿蹖賳蹖貙 丌鬲蹖爻丕貙 爻丕賱1398貙 丿乇 463氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786226611251貨 趩丕倬 爻賵賲 1399禄貨 芦爻毓蹖丿 丿賵噩貙乇賵夭诏丕乇貙 1397貙 丿乇 580氐貨 卮丕亘讴9789643748104貨禄 芦睾賱丕賲乇囟丕 丕爻讴賳丿乇蹖貙 亘賴 爻禺賳貙 賲噩蹖丿貙 1395貙 丿乇 703氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786007987261貨禄貨 芦丕丨賲丿 胤丕賴乇鈥屭┷屫簇� 賲卮賴丿 丕乇爻胤賵貙 1357貙 丿乇 528禄貨 芦賲丨賲丿氐丕丿賯 卮乇蹖毓鬲蹖貙 诏賵蹖卮 賳賵貙 1392貨 丿乇 171氐禄貨
賲丨讴賵賲蹖鬲 亘蹖鈥屫关з勜屫� 賵 乇賵丕蹖鬲 爻賮乇 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 蹖 鬲賳诏丿爻鬲 芦丌賲乇蹖讴丕蹖蹖禄 丕爻鬲貨 讴賴 亘賴 丕賲蹖丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴鬲乇貙 丕夭 丕蹖丕賱鬲 芦丕賵讴賱丕賴賲丕禄貙 亘賴 芦讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕禄 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丕賲丕 丕賵囟丕毓 丌賳鈥屭堎嗁� 讴賴 丌賳鈥屬囏� 倬蹖卮鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 倬蹖卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫辟堌� 乇禺丿丕丿賴丕 丿乇 丿賴賴 蹖 爻賵賲 丕夭 爻丿賴 亘蹖爻鬲賲 賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 賵 丿乇 爻丕賱鈥屬囏й� 倬爻 丕夭 亘丨乇丕賳 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 亘夭乇诏 芦丌賲乇蹖讴丕禄貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 芦丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴 (丕爻鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴)禄貙 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 乇丕 丿乇 爻丕賱 1939賲蹖賱丕丿蹖 賲賳鬲卮乇 讴乇丿賳丿貨 丕蹖卮丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賳诏丕乇卮 賴賲蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 亘乇賳丿賴 蹖 噩丕蹖夭賴 蹖 芦倬賵賱蹖鬲夭乇禄 卮丿賳丿貨 芦噩丕賳 賮賵乇丿禄 賳蹖夭貙 丿乇 爻丕賱 1940賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 賮蹖賱賲蹖 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 毓賳賵丕賳貙 賵 亘丕 亘丕夭蹖 芦賴賳乇蹖 賮賵賳丿丕禄貙 亘乇丕爻丕爻 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕禺鬲賴鈥� 丕賳丿
讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 丿乇 芦丕蹖乇丕賳禄 噩賳丕亘丕賳 丌賯丕蹖丕賳 芦卮丕賴乇禺 賲爻讴賵亘禄貨 賵 芦毓亘丿丕賱乇丨蹖賲 丕丨賲丿蹖禄貙 亘賴 賮丕乇爻蹖 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴乇丿賴鈥� 丕賳丿貨
賳賯賱 賳賲賵賳賴 賲鬲賳: (丌乇賴貙 丕夭 诏卮賳诏蹖 丿丕乇賴 賲蹖賲蹖乇賴貨 賴賲賵賳賵賯鬲 讴賴 倬賳亘賴 趩蹖賳蹖 賲蹖讴乇丿 賳丕禺賵卮 卮丿貨 卮卮 乇賵夭 鬲賲丕賲 趩蹖夭蹖 賳禺賵乇丿賴 亘賵丿貨 賲丕丿乇貙 鬲丕 丌賳 诏賵卮賴 倬蹖卮 乇賮鬲 賵 賲乇丿 乇丕 賳诏丕賴 讴乇丿貨 倬賳噩丕賴 爻丕賱蹖 丿丕卮鬲貨 亘丕 趩賴乇賴 丕蹖 乇蹖卮賵 賵 倬賵爻鬲 丕爻鬲禺賵丕賳蹖貙 賵 趩卮賲賴丕蹖 禺蹖乇賴 賵 鬲賴蹖貨 噩賵丕賳讴 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 賲丕丿乇 丕蹖爻鬲丕丿賴 亘賵丿貨 夭賳 倬乇爻蹖丿: 倬丿乇鬲賴責 - 丌乇賴貙 賲蹖诏賮鬲: 诏卮賳賴 賳蹖爻貙 蹖丕 賴賲蹖賳 丨丕賱丕 趩蹖夭 禺賵乇丿賴貨 賴賲蹖卮賴 爻賴賲卮 乇丕 賲蹖丿丕丿 亘賴 賲賳貨 丨丕賱丕 丿蹖诏賴 賳丕 賳丿丕乇賴貨 亘賴 夭丨賲鬲 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 鬲讴賵賳 亘禺賵乇賴)貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘 氐 519讴鬲丕亘
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 29/05/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939. The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.
The narrative begins just after Tom Joad is paroled from McAlester prison, where he had been incarcerated after being convicted of homicide in self-defense.
While hitchhiking to his home near Sallisaw, Oklahoma, Tom meets former preacher Jim Casy, whom he remembers from his childhood, and the two travel together.
When they arrive at Tom's childhood farm home, they find it deserted. Disconcerted and confused, Tom and Casy meet their old neighbor, Muley Graves, who tells them the family has gone to stay at Uncle John Joad's home nearby. Graves tells them that the banks have evicted all the farmers.
They have moved away, but he refuses to leave the area. ...
禺賵卮賴鈥� 賴丕蹖 禺卮賲 - 噩丕賳 丕爻鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� (丕賲蹖乇讴亘蹖乇) 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 爻丕賱 1977賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 禺賵卮賴 賴丕蹖 禺卮賲貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 噩丕賳 丕乇賳爻鬲 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴 (丕爻鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴)貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 卮丕賴乇禺 賲爻讴賵亘貨 毓亘丿丕賱乇丨蹖賲 丕丨賲丿蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賲蹖乇讴亘蹖乇貙 趩丕倬 丕賵賱 1328貙 丿乇 520氐貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇賲貙 1346貙 丿乇 624氐貨 趩丕倬 倬賳噩賲 1351貙 丿乇 658氐貨 趩丕倬 賴賮鬲賲 1356貙 趩丕倬 賴卮鬲賲 1357貨 趩丕倬 丿賴賲 1379貨 趩丕倬 趩賴丕乇丿賴賲 1387貨 卮丕亘讴 9789640006283貨 趩丕倬 賴噩丿賴賲 1392貨 趩丕倬 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 1397貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖丕賱丕鬲 賲鬲丨丿賴 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 - 爻丿賴 20賲
亘乇诏乇丿丕賳賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕夭 丌賯丕蹖丕賳 賵 禺丕賳賲賴丕: 芦毓鈥嵷ㄢ€嵷з勨€嵷€嵷斥€嵺屸€嵸嗏€� 卮鈥嵷臂屸€嵸佲€嵺屸€嵷з嗏€屫� 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 亘夭乇诏賲賴乇貙 1368貨 丿乇 610氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲鈥嵸団€嵷必з嗏€�: 賳鈥嵹€嵷з団€屸€忊€� 1387貨 丿乇 614氐貨 卮丕亘讴9789643510152貨 趩丕倬 蹖丕夭丿賴賲 1399禄貨 芦丕丨鈥嵸呪€嵷� 胤丕賴鈥嵷壁┾€嵺屸€嵷粹€屫� 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 夭乇蹖賳貙 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 1362貨 丿乇 566氐禄貨 芦爻蹖賲蹖賳 鬲丕噩丿蹖賳蹖貙 丌鬲蹖爻丕貙 爻丕賱1398貙 丿乇 463氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786226611251貨 趩丕倬 爻賵賲 1399禄貨 芦爻毓蹖丿 丿賵噩貙乇賵夭诏丕乇貙 1397貙 丿乇 580氐貨 卮丕亘讴9789643748104貨禄 芦睾賱丕賲乇囟丕 丕爻讴賳丿乇蹖貙 亘賴 爻禺賳貙 賲噩蹖丿貙 1395貙 丿乇 703氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786007987261貨禄貨 芦丕丨賲丿 胤丕賴乇鈥屭┷屫簇� 賲卮賴丿 丕乇爻胤賵貙 1357貙 丿乇 528禄貨 芦賲丨賲丿氐丕丿賯 卮乇蹖毓鬲蹖貙 诏賵蹖卮 賳賵貙 1392貨 丿乇 171氐禄貨
賲丨讴賵賲蹖鬲 亘蹖鈥屫关з勜屫� 賵 乇賵丕蹖鬲 爻賮乇 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 蹖讴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 蹖 鬲賳诏丿爻鬲 芦丌賲乇蹖讴丕蹖蹖禄 丕爻鬲貨 讴賴 亘賴 丕賲蹖丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴鬲乇貙 丕夭 丕蹖丕賱鬲 芦丕賵讴賱丕賴賲丕禄貙 亘賴 芦讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕禄 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 丕賲丕 丕賵囟丕毓 丌賳鈥屭堎嗁� 讴賴 丌賳鈥屬囏� 倬蹖卮鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 倬蹖卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫辟堌� 乇禺丿丕丿賴丕 丿乇 丿賴賴 蹖 爻賵賲 丕夭 爻丿賴 亘蹖爻鬲賲 賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 賵 丿乇 爻丕賱鈥屬囏й� 倬爻 丕夭 亘丨乇丕賳 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 亘夭乇诏 芦丌賲乇蹖讴丕禄貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 芦丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴 (丕爻鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴)禄貙 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 乇丕 丿乇 爻丕賱 1939賲蹖賱丕丿蹖 賲賳鬲卮乇 讴乇丿賳丿貨 丕蹖卮丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賳诏丕乇卮 賴賲蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 亘乇賳丿賴 蹖 噩丕蹖夭賴 蹖 芦倬賵賱蹖鬲夭乇禄 卮丿賳丿貨 芦噩丕賳 賮賵乇丿禄 賳蹖夭貙 丿乇 爻丕賱 1940賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 賮蹖賱賲蹖 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 毓賳賵丕賳貙 賵 亘丕 亘丕夭蹖 芦賴賳乇蹖 賮賵賳丿丕禄貙 亘乇丕爻丕爻 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕禺鬲賴鈥� 丕賳丿
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賳賯賱 賳賲賵賳賴 賲鬲賳: (丌乇賴貙 丕夭 诏卮賳诏蹖 丿丕乇賴 賲蹖賲蹖乇賴貨 賴賲賵賳賵賯鬲 讴賴 倬賳亘賴 趩蹖賳蹖 賲蹖讴乇丿 賳丕禺賵卮 卮丿貨 卮卮 乇賵夭 鬲賲丕賲 趩蹖夭蹖 賳禺賵乇丿賴 亘賵丿貨 賲丕丿乇貙 鬲丕 丌賳 诏賵卮賴 倬蹖卮 乇賮鬲 賵 賲乇丿 乇丕 賳诏丕賴 讴乇丿貨 倬賳噩丕賴 爻丕賱蹖 丿丕卮鬲貨 亘丕 趩賴乇賴 丕蹖 乇蹖卮賵 賵 倬賵爻鬲 丕爻鬲禺賵丕賳蹖貙 賵 趩卮賲賴丕蹖 禺蹖乇賴 賵 鬲賴蹖貨 噩賵丕賳讴 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 賲丕丿乇 丕蹖爻鬲丕丿賴 亘賵丿貨 夭賳 倬乇爻蹖丿: 倬丿乇鬲賴責 - 丌乇賴貙 賲蹖诏賮鬲: 诏卮賳賴 賳蹖爻貙 蹖丕 賴賲蹖賳 丨丕賱丕 趩蹖夭 禺賵乇丿賴貨 賴賲蹖卮賴 爻賴賲卮 乇丕 賲蹖丿丕丿 亘賴 賲賳貨 丨丕賱丕 丿蹖诏賴 賳丕 賳丿丕乇賴貨 亘賴 夭丨賲鬲 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 鬲讴賵賳 亘禺賵乇賴)貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘 氐 519讴鬲丕亘
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 29/05/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
May 31, 2024
ENGLISH ()/ITALIANO
The Great Depression, told through the journey of one of the many families of farmers fallen on hard times in the 1930s. The exhausting search for work, food and a roof over the head, put a strain on human dignity, and degrade the soul, making unexpected even genuine attitudes of solidarity by those who share the same destiny. But hunger and very poor living conditions sow grains of desperation, from which gems of gall immediately sprout.
La Grande Depressione americana, raccontata attraverso il viaggio di una delle tante famiglie di agricoltori che caddero in rovina negli anni trenta. L'estenuante ricerca di lavoro, cibo e un tetto sotto cui dormire, mette a dura prova la dignit脿 umana, abbrutisce l'anima, rendendo inattesa e insperata perfino la solidariet脿 da chi condivide lo stesso destino. Ma l'estremo disagio e la fame seminano chicchi di disperazione, dai quali germogliano subito gemme di fiele.
The Great Depression, told through the journey of one of the many families of farmers fallen on hard times in the 1930s. The exhausting search for work, food and a roof over the head, put a strain on human dignity, and degrade the soul, making unexpected even genuine attitudes of solidarity by those who share the same destiny. But hunger and very poor living conditions sow grains of desperation, from which gems of gall immediately sprout.
"In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage"seems to be more a statement than a warning. We are human, and we are destined to fight the injustice by the uprising.
"And this you can know, fear the time when Manself will not suffer and die for a concept, for this one quality is the foundation of Manself, and this one quality is man, distinctive in the universe"And then Tom Joad, one of the protagonists of the biblical exodus, who is unable to tolerate the anguish that his loved ones suffer, becomes the symbol and the incarnation of the human being of . However, readers have a bitter pill to swallow at the end.
Vote: 8,5
La Grande Depressione americana, raccontata attraverso il viaggio di una delle tante famiglie di agricoltori che caddero in rovina negli anni trenta. L'estenuante ricerca di lavoro, cibo e un tetto sotto cui dormire, mette a dura prova la dignit脿 umana, abbrutisce l'anima, rendendo inattesa e insperata perfino la solidariet脿 da chi condivide lo stesso destino. Ma l'estremo disagio e la fame seminano chicchi di disperazione, dai quali germogliano subito gemme di fiele.
"Nei cuori degli umili maturano i frutti del furore e s'avvicina l'epoca della vendemmia"pi霉 che un monito, questo estratto lapidario rappresenta una semplice constatazione. Noi siamo esseri umani, e siamo destinati a combattere il sopruso con l'insurrezione.
"Sconfortante sarebbe notare che l'Umanit脿 rinuncia a soffrire e morire per un'idea; perch猫 猫 questa la qualit脿 fondamentale che 猫 alla base dell'Umanit脿, questa la prerogativa che distingue l'uomo dalle altre creature dell'universo"E allora Tom, uno dei protagonisti dell'esodo biblico della famiglia Joad, con la sua incapacit脿 a tollerare le angherie che subiscono i suoi cari, diventa il simbolo e l'incarnazione dell'essere umano di . Tuttavia, alla fine, masticano amaro i lettori.
Voto: 8,5
May 16, 2023
鈥�...in the eyes of the hungry there is a growing wrath. In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy.鈥�
And so 5 stars for a sobering read that is 鈥楾he Grapes of Wrath鈥�, an epic story and a haunting journey of the Joad family that epitomises the plight of many people during the 1930鈥檚 Great Depression. Route 66 became a path of people in flight as they headed west in search of a livelihood after the devasting effects of the dust and scorching summer that destroyed their agricultural and their means of supporting their families with it.
A book that tells of hunger and destitution while the landowners and large companies reeked in huge profits while forcing people to work in atrocious conditions and for appalling wages. It tells of the brutality at the hands of law and order that was unleashed to keep a desperate work force subservient and in need. And it tells of the lack of morality as thousands of people were subjected to the most inhumane treatment, in living conditions tantamount to slavery.
鈥淎nd the migrants streamed in on the highways and their hunger was in their eyes, and their need was in their eyes. They had no argument, no system, nothing but their numbers and their needs.鈥�
After an arduous journey across America, people continued to experience the worst of exhaustion, fatigue, and tiredness beyond what any sleep could cure as they toiled the lands and witnessed the large companies destroy crops, because to give it away free meant people would not be forced to buy this produce.
Review and Comments
John Steinbeck writes a fascinating story of crime that goes beyond denunciation, and through his writing you can feel the sorrow and desperation etched on the faces and in the souls of men, women and children, and in the case of the Joad family like many others would have been forced to bury their dead en route.
He tells of story of the have's and have not's', but not just in financial terms, the have not's are those devoid of any moral code and abused a people displaced and in need, starving without homes, and without shelter. The have's were the people rich in their values and you can feel this in the way Steinbeck describes their sense of community, demonstrating the best of human nature, as he speaks of the 鈥溾€wenty families that became one family, the children were the children of all. The loss of home became one loss, and the golden time in the West was one dream鈥�
A powerful literacy feast for the eyes, a tale of hardship that touches your heart, and a master class in writing that has stood the test of time. Epic, reflective, haunting, absorbing and yet beautiful.
And so 5 stars for a sobering read that is 鈥楾he Grapes of Wrath鈥�, an epic story and a haunting journey of the Joad family that epitomises the plight of many people during the 1930鈥檚 Great Depression. Route 66 became a path of people in flight as they headed west in search of a livelihood after the devasting effects of the dust and scorching summer that destroyed their agricultural and their means of supporting their families with it.
A book that tells of hunger and destitution while the landowners and large companies reeked in huge profits while forcing people to work in atrocious conditions and for appalling wages. It tells of the brutality at the hands of law and order that was unleashed to keep a desperate work force subservient and in need. And it tells of the lack of morality as thousands of people were subjected to the most inhumane treatment, in living conditions tantamount to slavery.
鈥淎nd the migrants streamed in on the highways and their hunger was in their eyes, and their need was in their eyes. They had no argument, no system, nothing but their numbers and their needs.鈥�
After an arduous journey across America, people continued to experience the worst of exhaustion, fatigue, and tiredness beyond what any sleep could cure as they toiled the lands and witnessed the large companies destroy crops, because to give it away free meant people would not be forced to buy this produce.
Review and Comments
John Steinbeck writes a fascinating story of crime that goes beyond denunciation, and through his writing you can feel the sorrow and desperation etched on the faces and in the souls of men, women and children, and in the case of the Joad family like many others would have been forced to bury their dead en route.
He tells of story of the have's and have not's', but not just in financial terms, the have not's are those devoid of any moral code and abused a people displaced and in need, starving without homes, and without shelter. The have's were the people rich in their values and you can feel this in the way Steinbeck describes their sense of community, demonstrating the best of human nature, as he speaks of the 鈥溾€wenty families that became one family, the children were the children of all. The loss of home became one loss, and the golden time in the West was one dream鈥�
A powerful literacy feast for the eyes, a tale of hardship that touches your heart, and a master class in writing that has stood the test of time. Epic, reflective, haunting, absorbing and yet beautiful.
October 2, 2022
During the bleakness of the dry, dust bowl days as the suffocating particles fall everywhere ...you can't breathe... in your nose, eyes, clothes, food, house, the darkness at noon unable to see the Sun during a dust storm, the top soil flying away carried by the winds never to return in the Depression, when people ... farmers lost their homes and land to the banks incapable to repay their loans , (no crops no money) symbolized by the Joad family of Oklahoma in the 1930's . Seeing black and white pictures tell only a small portion of this, the real story that John Steinbeck wrote about masterfully in his novel The Grapes of Wrath. Where a hungry large group of people, travel to the promise land of California a distant 1,500 miles away but find more starvation, abuse and death. In an old dilapidated automobile the Joad's , Ma the de facto leader and Pa, Tom, just released from prison for killing a man in self defense ( it didn't help that both were drunk) . Rose a teenager married to a lazy, shiftless dreamer Connie and pregnant, Uncle John who likes the bottle and his late wife he mourns too much for, their ancient parents and four other children. And last but not least the preacher Reverend Jim Casy who doesn't want to preach any more, having lost his faith the thirteenth member ( some will not get to their goal) . He's now after walking around searching for a purpose, in fact living like a bum decides since the people have left for the Golden State , why not him too ? Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and at long last crossing the Colorado River into the paradise of California, with high mountains and hot steaming deserts, discovering more desert wastelands and still hundreds of miles to the fertile, prosperous , pretty, fabulously wealthy valley of San Joaquin the richest one on the planet. But not for the 300,000 Okies , ( a misnomer, since many are not from Oklahoma) an unknown name to the newcomers as they're scornfully called here, unfriendly natives and police hate , greatly distrust these poor needy miserable folks and frightened of them, most assuredly. The affluent farmers keep cutting the wages 30 cents an hour, 25, 20 and dropping how can the workers survive? Tom is angry , tired of the endless struggle going from place to place in search of work, lack of food, housing, especially the treatment by the well off... like he is scum . Nevertheless believes that nobody is above him and will fight back if necessary. Deadly strikes, deputies burning down the laborers camps, violence and starving the old and the young, the vulnerable will not endure. A strong statement about man's inhumanity to his fellow being ...A little kindness sought but will it be found ?
August 17, 2024
鈥淚 train my mind all the time. I took a course in that two years ago.鈥� 鈥� The Grapes of Wrath
This book is a literary treasure trove鈥攊t tackles serious social justice issues yet includes enough symbolism to keep English professors happy for generations.
Steinbeck paints a vivid picture of the pitiless Great Depression following the Joad family. Based in Oklahoma, the Joads have lost their land and head out to California, spurned on by the relentless hope of a better life.
Philip Pullman once said, 鈥淲e don鈥檛 need lists of rights and wrongs, tables of do鈥檚 and don鈥檛s: we need books, time, and silence. Thou shalt not is soon forgotten, but Once upon a time lasts forever.鈥� In the Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck shines a light on the plight of the working class. Instead of giving us a boring list of action items, he tells a story and moves our soul.
If you are curious about social justice issues, enjoy symbolism or grey characters, this is your book.
PS Just to rock your world, Jim Casey symbolizes Jesus Christ.
How much I spent:
3 Hardcover texts 鈥�
2 First Edition Library texts: The first was a gift from my best friend. The second FEL text
comes from a set of 19 FEL books that I bought at an estate sale for $500.
1 First Edition 鈥� I bought recently at auction for $62.
Audiobooks 鈥�
Libby 鈥� Free through the library (until I was about 75% through and my loan expired)
Audible 鈥� 1 credit (Audible Premium Plus Annual 鈥� 24 Credits Membership Plan $229.50 or
roughly $9.56 per credit)
2025 Reading Schedule
Jan A Town Like Alice
Feb Birdsong
Mar Captain Corelli's Mandolin - Louis De Berniere
Apr War and Peace
May The Woman in White
Jun Atonement
Jul The Shadow of the Wind
Aug Jude the Obscure
Sep Ulysses
Oct Vanity Fair
Nov A Fine Balance
Dec Germinal
Connect With Me!
This book is a literary treasure trove鈥攊t tackles serious social justice issues yet includes enough symbolism to keep English professors happy for generations.
Steinbeck paints a vivid picture of the pitiless Great Depression following the Joad family. Based in Oklahoma, the Joads have lost their land and head out to California, spurned on by the relentless hope of a better life.
Philip Pullman once said, 鈥淲e don鈥檛 need lists of rights and wrongs, tables of do鈥檚 and don鈥檛s: we need books, time, and silence. Thou shalt not is soon forgotten, but Once upon a time lasts forever.鈥� In the Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck shines a light on the plight of the working class. Instead of giving us a boring list of action items, he tells a story and moves our soul.
If you are curious about social justice issues, enjoy symbolism or grey characters, this is your book.
PS Just to rock your world, Jim Casey symbolizes Jesus Christ.
How much I spent:
3 Hardcover texts 鈥�
2 First Edition Library texts: The first was a gift from my best friend. The second FEL text
comes from a set of 19 FEL books that I bought at an estate sale for $500.
1 First Edition 鈥� I bought recently at auction for $62.
Audiobooks 鈥�
Libby 鈥� Free through the library (until I was about 75% through and my loan expired)
Audible 鈥� 1 credit (Audible Premium Plus Annual 鈥� 24 Credits Membership Plan $229.50 or
roughly $9.56 per credit)
2025 Reading Schedule
Jan A Town Like Alice
Feb Birdsong
Mar Captain Corelli's Mandolin - Louis De Berniere
Apr War and Peace
May The Woman in White
Jun Atonement
Jul The Shadow of the Wind
Aug Jude the Obscure
Sep Ulysses
Oct Vanity Fair
Nov A Fine Balance
Dec Germinal
Connect With Me!
July 10, 2019
驴Puede un claro y expl铆cito manique铆smo echar por tierra una novela?
Las uvas de la ira es total y absolutamente maniquea. Hay buenos muy buenos y malos muy malos. Los pobres agricultores que son arrojados de sus tierras por la maquinaria capitalista, por un lado, y todos los dem谩s (polic铆a, grandes propietarios, comerciantes aprovechados, fan谩ticos religiosos), por el otro. Es una novela-tesis: a lo que puede llegar el capitalismo si no se le pone l铆mites, si su desarrollo no tiene que ajustarse a regulaci贸n alguna. Todo el libro gira en torno a esa idea. No hay ni una sola referencia al punto de vista del explotador, no hay ning煤n intento de comprender, solo expone hechos y el punto de vista del explotado. Busca en el lector la complicidad con esta idea y, esta es mi conclusi贸n, eso no le quita ni un 谩pice de calidad a la obra.
Por supuesto que el manique铆smo puede ser un lastre en otro tipo de novela. La vida no es en blanco y negro, eso es de caj贸n, pero tampoco se puede caer en el polo opuesto, en el grisismo de toermundoeg眉eno. Voy a citar un texto de Alejo Carpentier:
"No ha de dejarse intimidar por el sambenito del manique铆smo... en la cr铆tica se dice que una novela es manique铆sta porque tiene la lucha de los buenos contra los malos. 驴Y qu茅 cosa es la historia toda sino una lucha gigantesca de los buenos contra los malos? 驴Qui茅nes son los malos? Es una minor铆a opresora. 驴Qui茅nes son los buenos por definici贸n? Una gran mayor铆a oprimida. Toda la vida ha sido as铆, toda la historia ha sido as铆. Siempre habr谩 buenos contra malos. Toda la historia est谩 hecha as铆, y, si eso es manique铆smo, es una vasta historia de manique铆smo."Estas novelas-denuncia no pueden ser de otra manera. Aparte de la calidad literaria, que puede o no puede darse independientemente del planteamiento maniqueo o no, estas novelas tienen un objetivo: despertar conciencias o que el pasado no se diluya en una neblina de olvido. Es m谩s, en muchos casos, de no ser as铆, ser铆a adem谩s una falta de respeto a las v铆ctimas. Porque hay casos en los que hay buenos y malos, sin m谩s. La ingenuidad en estos casos ser铆a justamente no ser maniqueo. Hay hechos que no tienen justificaci贸n moral, y me da igual que sean perpetrados por esos que son muy amigos de sus amigos y cabezas de familia ejemplares, o que pasaron una ni帽ez bla, bla, bla. Hay veces que es precisamente ese contraste entre las distintas caras de un mismo ser humano el que da m谩s fuerza a la maldad de los personajes, pero hay otras en que todo eso estorba, no tiene un papel en el tema tratado, no viene al caso y no creo que sea un defecto per se.
July 5, 2017
鈥溾€ξ曃轿蔽� 渭喂伪 蠂蠋蟻伪 位蔚蠉蟿蔚蟻畏.
螘, 纬喂伪 未慰魏委渭伪蟽蔚 谓伪 魏维谓蔚喂蟼 蠂蟻萎蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 位蔚蠀蟿蔚蟻喂维蟼 蟽慰蠀. 螘委蟽伪喂 位蔚蠉蟿蔚蟻慰蟼 , 蟽慰蠀 位苇蔚喂 慰 维位位慰蟼, 渭蠈谓慰 蟽伪谓 蟽慰蠀 尾伪蟽蟿维 畏 蟿蟽苇蟺畏 蟽慰蠀 谓伪 蟺位畏蟻蠋蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿畏 位蔚蠀蟿蔚蟻喂维 蟽慰蠀.鈥�
韦伪 蟽蟿伪蠁蠉位喂伪 蟿畏蟼 慰蟻纬萎蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 渭伪蟻蟿蠀蟻委伪 蟺慰蠀 蟺伪蟻苇蠂慰蠀谓 慰喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼. 螣喂 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼 (蟽蠉渭蠁蠅谓伪 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 螘蟺委魏慰蠀蟻慰) 伪蟺慰蟿蔚位慰蠉谓 蟿慰 尾伪蟽喂魏蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 魏蟻喂蟿萎蟻喂慰 蟿畏蟼 伪位萎胃蔚喂伪蟼.
螠伪 畏 渭伪蟻蟿蠀蟻委伪 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀 胃伪蟻蟻蠋 蟺蠅蟼 蟺蟻慰畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 伪谓蠋蟿蔚蟻畏
伪蟺慰 蟽蟿慰蠂伪蟽渭慰蠉蟼 魏伪喂 胃蔚蠅蟻委蔚蟼.
螒蟺委蟽蟿蔚蠀蟿畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 慰 位蠈纬慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 危蟿维喂谓渭蟺蔚魏.
危蠀纬魏位慰谓委味蔚喂 魏伪喂 伪谓伪纬魏维味蔚喂 蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 谓伪 尾喂蠋蟽蔚喂 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿维蟽蔚喂蟼,谓伪 谓喂蠋蟽蔚喂 蟽蠀谓伪喂蟽胃萎渭伪蟿伪,谓伪 蟽魏蔚蠁蟿蔚委,谓伪 蟽蠀纬魏蟻委谓蔚喂 魏伪喂 谓伪 魏伪蟿伪位萎尉蔚喂 蟽蔚 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻维蟽渭伪蟿伪 未喂伪蠂蟻慰谓喂魏萎蟼 "慰蟻纬萎蟼",蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺蟻慰蟿喂渭慰蠉蟽蔚 谓伪 伪纬谓慰蔚委.
螠蔚 渭喂伪 伪尉喂慰胃伪蠉渭伪蟽蟿畏 伪蟺位蠈蟿畏蟿伪 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 渭蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蟻畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠈 苇蟻纬慰 渭慰喂维味蔚喂 渭蔚 渭喂伪 纬蠀渭谓萎 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 苇尉喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼 魏伪喂 渭伪蟼 伪蠁畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟺位萎蟻畏 蟽蠀谓蔚委未畏蟽畏 蟿畏谓 魏慰蟽渭慰伪谓蟿委位畏蠄畏 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 1930 蟽蟿畏谓 螒渭蔚蟻喂魏萎 (渭蔚纬维位慰 魏蟻伪蠂),蟺慰蠀 蠅蟽蟿蠈蟽慰 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蟺伪蟻伪魏蟿喂魏维-伪蟻蠂蔚蟿蠀蟺喂魏维 未蔚渭苇谓畏 魏伪喂 蟿伪蠀蟿蠈蟽畏渭畏 渭蔚 蟿畏 蟽畏渭蔚蟻喂谓萎 蔚蟺慰蠂萎. 螠蔚 蟿畏谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 "纬蔚蠉蟽畏蟼" 蟺慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 蟺维谓蟿伪 蟺蟻慰蟽蟿伪蟿蔚蠀蟿喂魏蠈 蟻蠈位慰,纬委谓蔚蟿伪喂 伪谓蟿喂位畏蟺蟿萎 魏伪胃蠋蟼 蟺伪位蔚蠉蔚喂 伪谓维渭蔚蟽伪 蟽蟿慰 纬位蠀魏蠈 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟺喂魏蟻蠈 蠁维蟻渭伪魏慰 纬喂伪 蟿伪 尾维蟽伪谓伪 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀.
螕蔚蠀蠈渭伪蟽蟿蔚 蟺委魏蟻伪 伪谓喂蟽蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 伪纬伪胃蠋谓,蟽蟺伪蟿维位畏蟼,蠁蟿蠋蠂蔚喂伪蟼,
伪喂蟽蠂蟻慰魏苇蟻未蔚喂伪蟼 魏伪喂 胃伪谓维蟿慰蠀.
螤伪蟻维位位畏位伪 渭伪蟼 纬位蠀魏伪委谓蔚喂 伪蟺慰位伪蠀蟽蟿喂魏维 畏 渭蔚纬伪位慰蟽蠉谓畏 魏伪喂 畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼.
螚 渭蔚纬维位畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 魏伪喂 畏 蟿伪蟺蔚喂谓萎 伪尉喂慰蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂伪 蟿畏蟼 纬蠀谓伪喂魏蔚委伪蟼 胃苇蟽畏蟼 渭苇蟽伪 蟽蟿畏谓 慰喂魏慰纬苇谓蔚喂伪,畏 慰蟺慰委伪 未委谓蔚喂 蟿畏 味蠅萎,蟿畏 胃蟻苇蠁蔚喂 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 未喂伪蠁蔚谓蟿蔚蠉蔚喂 伪魏位蠈谓畏蟿伪 蟽伪谓 伪位维胃蔚蠀蟿畏 胃苇伪.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠈蟻伪蟽畏蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蔚蟺喂尾委蠅蟽畏.
螒蟺伪喂蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 纬喂伪 谓伪 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 蟿畏谓 慰渭慰蟻蠁喂维 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟽蠂萎渭喂伪. 螠蠈谓慰 蟺慰蠀 蔚未蠋 蟽蔚 蟿慰蠉蟿慰 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿畏 伪位萎胃蔚喂伪.
螝伪喂 伪蠀蟿萎 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 渭伪味喂魏萎 蔚蟺委胃蔚蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 慰位喂纬伪蟻蠂委伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 魏苇蟻未慰蠀蟼 魏伪蟿维 蟿畏蟼 蠀蟺蠈位慰喂蟺畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼. 螔位苇蟺蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 渭畏蠂伪谓苇蟼,蟿蟻维蟺蔚味蔚蟼,蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏慰蠉蟼 渭蔚蟿伪谓维蟽蟿蔚蟼,伪谓伪未慰蠀位蔚喂维,蟺蔚委谓伪,
魏伪蠂蠀蟺慰蠄委伪,蔚蠂胃蚁蠈蟿畏蟿伪,
伪蟺伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺喂维.螒谓苇蠂蔚喂伪 魏伪喂 魏伪蟿伪蠁蟻慰谓蔚渭苇谓慰蠀蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼 谓伪 未苇蠂慰谓蟿伪喂 伪谓维位纬畏蟿畏 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻喂蠁慰蟻维 伪蟺慰 蟿慰 魏蔚蠁维位伪喂慰 蟿慰蠀 魏伪蟺喂蟿伪位喂蟽蟿喂魏慰蠉 蟽蠀蟽蟿萎渭伪蟿慰蟼. (螝伪渭委伪 蟽蠂苇蟽畏 渭蔚 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 蟽魏蔚蟺蟿喂魏蠈-蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺位蠋蟼 蟺伪谓伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰).
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠈蟽蠁蟻畏蟽畏蟼 蟽蠂蔚蟿委味蔚蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟿慰 蟽蠀谓伪委蟽胃畏渭伪.
螝喂 蔚未蠋 蟿伪 伪蟻蠋渭伪蟿伪 魏伪喂 慰喂 未蠀蟽慰蟽渭委蔚蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 维蟺位蔚蟿伪. 螒谓伪纬谓蠅蟻委味慰蠀渭蔚 蔚蠉魏慰位伪 慰蟽渭苇蟼 蠂伪位伪蟽渭苇谓蠅谓 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠅谓,渭蠀蟻蠅未喂苇蟼 渭慰蠂胃畏蟻委伪蟼,伪委渭伪蟿慰蟼,蔚纬蠅喂蟽渭慰蠉,
魏伪魏委伪蟼,伪蟺蔚位蟺喂蟽委伪蟼 魏伪喂 蟺委魏蟻伪蟼.
螌渭蠅蟼 伪蟺慰 魏维蟺慰蠀 未喂伪蠂苇蔚蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 苇谓伪 渭蔚胃蠀蟽蟿喂魏蠈 维蟻蠅渭伪 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏蟼, 慰喂魏慰纬蔚谓蔚喂伪魏萎蟼 胃伪位蟺蠅蟻萎蟼,蟽蠀渭蟺伪蟻维蟽蟿伪蟽畏蟼,
蔚位蟺委未伪蟼,伪纬维蟺畏蟼,伪蠁慰蟽委蠅蟽畏蟼 魏伪喂 伪谓蔚委蟺蠅蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺喂维蟼.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 伪魏慰萎蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 蔚蟺喂位蔚魏蟿喂魏维 苇尉蠀蟺谓畏.
螒魏慰蠉蔚喂 蟿慰 魏位维渭伪,蟿畏谓 魏蟻伪蠀纬萎 伪蟺蠈纬谓蠅蟽畏蟼,蟿畏 蟽喂蠅蟺萎 蟺慰蠀 蔚蟺喂魏蟻伪蟿蔚委 蟽蟿慰谓 伪蟺蠈蟺伪蟿慰 蟿畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟻纬慰未慰蟿蠋谓,蟿畏谓 魏蠀魏位喂魏萎 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 魏蠈蟽渭慰蠀 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟿蟻伪纬慰蠉未喂 蟿畏蟼 谓蟿蟻慰蟺萎蟼 纬喂伪 蟿喂蟼 蟿伪尉喂魏苇蟼 蔚蟺喂胃苇蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿慰蠀 蠂蟻萎渭伪蟿慰蟼.
韦慰 蟿蟻伪纬慰蠉未喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 伪魏慰蠉纬蔚蟿伪喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪位畏蟺蟿喂魏维 魏伪喂 未蔚谓 魏慰蠀蟻维味蔚蟿伪喂 谓伪 尉伪谓伪位苇蔚喂 纬喂伪 蟿畏 纬蔚位慰喂慰蟺慰委畏蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 尾慰位蔚渭苇谓慰蠀 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻慰蟽渭慰谓萎 蟿慰蠀 蠁蟿蠅蠂慰蠉.
螒蟻伪喂维 魏伪喂 蟺慰蠀 伪魏慰蠉纬蔚蟿伪喂 苇谓伪蟼 蠉渭谓慰蟼 蔚蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏蟼 伪位位维 纬蟻萎纬慰蟻伪 畏 苇谓蟿伪蟽畏 蠂伪渭畏位蠋谓蔚喂 蟿蠈蟽慰 蟺慰蠀 蠂伪谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰谓 伪苇蟻伪 蟿畏蟼 慰渭畏蟻委伪蟼.
螒魏慰位慰蠀胃蔚委 畏 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 伪蠁萎蟼.
螜未喂伪委蟿蔚蟻伪 蟽畏渭伪谓蟿喂魏萎 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 渭伪蟼 伪蠁畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂. 韦慰 维纬纬喂纬渭伪 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蠅蟿萎蟻喂慰. 螚 伪纬魏伪位喂维 蟿慰 魏伪位蠉蟿蔚蟻慰 纬喂伪蟿蟻喂魏蠈. 韦慰 蠁喂位委 畏 蟺蟻蠋蟿畏 蔚蟺伪蠁萎 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 魏蠈蟽渭慰. 螚 伪蠁萎 渭伪蟼 蟺蟻慰蔚喂未慰蟺慰蔚委 纬喂伪 慰蟺慰喂伪未萎蟺慰蟿蔚 尾位维尾畏 渭苇蟽蠅 蟿慰蠀 蟺蠈谓慰蠀. 螒喂蟽胃伪谓蠈渭伪蟽蟿蔚 蟿慰 渭蔚蟿伪尉苇谓喂慰 维纬纬喂纬渭伪 蟿畏蟼 未喂魏伪喂慰蟽蠉谓畏蟼 魏伪喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚位蔚蠉胃蔚蟻畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 尾喂慰蟺伪位伪喂蟽蟿蠋谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓.
螒纬纬委味慰蠀渭蔚 蟿伪 蟽畏渭维未喂伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 渭蔚位伪谓喂苇蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟺慰谓维谓蔚 未喂伪蟻魏蠋蟼 蔚蟺蔚喂未萎 蟿伪 伪蟺慰蟿蠀蟺蠋谓蔚喂 蔚谓蟿慰谓蠈蟿蔚蟻伪 蟿慰 蠈谓蔚喂蟻慰 蟺慰蠀 纬委谓蔚蟿伪喂 蔚蠁喂维位蟿畏蟼,蟿慰 纬苇位喂慰 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪喂未喂蠋谓 蟺慰蠀 蟺蔚喂谓维谓蔚,蟿伪 蟽蟿伪蠁蠉位喂伪 蟿畏蟼 慰蟻纬萎蟼 蟺慰蠀
渭蔚蟽蟿蠋谓慰蠀谓 魏伪喂 蟽伪蟺委味慰蠀谓.
螝伪喂 慰喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 蔚蟺喂谓慰萎蟽蔚喂蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟿蟻苇蠁慰谓蟿伪喂 渭蔚 魏苇蟻未慰蟼,蠈蟺蠅蟼 慰喂 蟿蟻维蟺蔚味蔚蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪谓伪蟺谓苇慰蠀谓 渭蔚 蠂蟻萎渭伪 魏伪喂 蔚尉慰蠀蟽喂维味慰蠀谓 味蠅苇蟼,渭伪 未蔚谓 蔚尉慰蠀蟽喂维味慰谓蟿伪喂.
韦蔚位蔚蠀蟿伪委伪 魏伪喂 蟽畏渭伪谓蟿喂魏蠈蟿蔚蟻畏 畏 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 未喂慰蟻伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼. 螚 蔚谓蠈蟻伪蟽畏.
螘未蠋 畏 纬蠀渭谓萎 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 谓伪 蟺蔚喂 蔚谓 魏伪蟿伪魏位蔚委未喂.
芦鈥�..螡伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺维蠄慰蠀谓 慰喂 尾慰渭尾伪蟻未喂蟽渭慰委, 渭鈥� 蠈位慰 蟺慰蠀谓 胃伪 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 伪魏蠈渭伪 慰喂 尾慰渭尾伪蟻未喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 纬喂伪蟿委 畏 魏维胃蔚 渭蟺蠈渭蟺伪 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 伪蟺蠈未蔚喂尉畏 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蟺苇胃伪谓蔚 蟿慰 蟺谓蔚蠉渭伪. 螡伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 魏伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟽蟿伪渭伪蟿萎蟽慰蠀谓 慰喂 伪蟺蔚蟻纬委蔚蟼, 渭鈥� 蠈位慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 伪魏蠈渭伪 慰喂 渭蔚纬维位慰喂 喂未喂慰魏蟿萎蟿蔚蟼-纬喂伪蟿委 畏 魏维胃蔚 渭喂魏蟻慰伪蟺蔚蟻纬委伪 蟺慰蠀 蠂蟿蠀蟺喂苇蟿伪喂, 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 伪蟺蠈未蔚喂尉畏 蟺蠅蟼 苇纬喂谓蔚 蟿慰 尾萎渭伪. 螤蟻苇蟺蔚喂 魏喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 谓伪 尉苇蟻蔚喂蟼-谓伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 慰 危蠀谓蔚喂未畏蟿蠈蟼 螁谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 胃伪 蟺维蠄蔚喂 谓伪 伪纬蠅谓委味蔚蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟺蔚胃伪委谓蔚喂 纬喂伪 渭喂伪 喂未苇伪, 纬喂伪蟿委 伪蠀蟿萎 魏伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 畏 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蔚委谓伪喂 蟿慰 胃蔚渭苇位喂慰 蟿慰蠀 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 危蠀谓蔚喂未畏蟿慰蠉, 魏喂 伪蠀蟿萎 魏伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 畏 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪 魏维谓蔚喂 谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 苇谓伪 蠈谓 尉蔚蠂蠅蟻喂蟽蟿蠈 渭苇蟽伪 蟽蟿慰 蟽蠉渭蟺伪谓.禄
螝伪位萎 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽畏!!
螤慰位位慰蠉蟼 伪蟽蟺伪蟽渭慰蠉蟼!
螘, 纬喂伪 未慰魏委渭伪蟽蔚 谓伪 魏维谓蔚喂蟼 蠂蟻萎蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 位蔚蠀蟿蔚蟻喂维蟼 蟽慰蠀. 螘委蟽伪喂 位蔚蠉蟿蔚蟻慰蟼 , 蟽慰蠀 位苇蔚喂 慰 维位位慰蟼, 渭蠈谓慰 蟽伪谓 蟽慰蠀 尾伪蟽蟿维 畏 蟿蟽苇蟺畏 蟽慰蠀 谓伪 蟺位畏蟻蠋蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿畏 位蔚蠀蟿蔚蟻喂维 蟽慰蠀.鈥�
韦伪 蟽蟿伪蠁蠉位喂伪 蟿畏蟼 慰蟻纬萎蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 渭伪蟻蟿蠀蟻委伪 蟺慰蠀 蟺伪蟻苇蠂慰蠀谓 慰喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼. 螣喂 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼 (蟽蠉渭蠁蠅谓伪 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 螘蟺委魏慰蠀蟻慰) 伪蟺慰蟿蔚位慰蠉谓 蟿慰 尾伪蟽喂魏蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 魏蟻喂蟿萎蟻喂慰 蟿畏蟼 伪位萎胃蔚喂伪蟼.
螠伪 畏 渭伪蟻蟿蠀蟻委伪 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀 胃伪蟻蟻蠋 蟺蠅蟼 蟺蟻慰畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 伪谓蠋蟿蔚蟻畏
伪蟺慰 蟽蟿慰蠂伪蟽渭慰蠉蟼 魏伪喂 胃蔚蠅蟻委蔚蟼.
螒蟺委蟽蟿蔚蠀蟿畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 慰 位蠈纬慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 危蟿维喂谓渭蟺蔚魏.
危蠀纬魏位慰谓委味蔚喂 魏伪喂 伪谓伪纬魏维味蔚喂 蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 谓伪 尾喂蠋蟽蔚喂 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿维蟽蔚喂蟼,谓伪 谓喂蠋蟽蔚喂 蟽蠀谓伪喂蟽胃萎渭伪蟿伪,谓伪 蟽魏蔚蠁蟿蔚委,谓伪 蟽蠀纬魏蟻委谓蔚喂 魏伪喂 谓伪 魏伪蟿伪位萎尉蔚喂 蟽蔚 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻维蟽渭伪蟿伪 未喂伪蠂蟻慰谓喂魏萎蟼 "慰蟻纬萎蟼",蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺蟻慰蟿喂渭慰蠉蟽蔚 谓伪 伪纬谓慰蔚委.
螠蔚 渭喂伪 伪尉喂慰胃伪蠉渭伪蟽蟿畏 伪蟺位蠈蟿畏蟿伪 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 渭蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蟻畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠈 苇蟻纬慰 渭慰喂维味蔚喂 渭蔚 渭喂伪 纬蠀渭谓萎 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 苇尉喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 伪喂蟽胃萎蟽蔚喂蟼 魏伪喂 渭伪蟼 伪蠁畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟺位萎蟻畏 蟽蠀谓蔚委未畏蟽畏 蟿畏谓 魏慰蟽渭慰伪谓蟿委位畏蠄畏 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 1930 蟽蟿畏谓 螒渭蔚蟻喂魏萎 (渭蔚纬维位慰 魏蟻伪蠂),蟺慰蠀 蠅蟽蟿蠈蟽慰 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蟺伪蟻伪魏蟿喂魏维-伪蟻蠂蔚蟿蠀蟺喂魏维 未蔚渭苇谓畏 魏伪喂 蟿伪蠀蟿蠈蟽畏渭畏 渭蔚 蟿畏 蟽畏渭蔚蟻喂谓萎 蔚蟺慰蠂萎. 螠蔚 蟿畏谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 "纬蔚蠉蟽畏蟼" 蟺慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 蟺维谓蟿伪 蟺蟻慰蟽蟿伪蟿蔚蠀蟿喂魏蠈 蟻蠈位慰,纬委谓蔚蟿伪喂 伪谓蟿喂位畏蟺蟿萎 魏伪胃蠋蟼 蟺伪位蔚蠉蔚喂 伪谓维渭蔚蟽伪 蟽蟿慰 纬位蠀魏蠈 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟺喂魏蟻蠈 蠁维蟻渭伪魏慰 纬喂伪 蟿伪 尾维蟽伪谓伪 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀.
螕蔚蠀蠈渭伪蟽蟿蔚 蟺委魏蟻伪 伪谓喂蟽蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 伪纬伪胃蠋谓,蟽蟺伪蟿维位畏蟼,蠁蟿蠋蠂蔚喂伪蟼,
伪喂蟽蠂蟻慰魏苇蟻未蔚喂伪蟼 魏伪喂 胃伪谓维蟿慰蠀.
螤伪蟻维位位畏位伪 渭伪蟼 纬位蠀魏伪委谓蔚喂 伪蟺慰位伪蠀蟽蟿喂魏维 畏 渭蔚纬伪位慰蟽蠉谓畏 魏伪喂 畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼.
螚 渭蔚纬维位畏 未蠉谓伪渭畏 魏伪喂 畏 蟿伪蟺蔚喂谓萎 伪尉喂慰蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂伪 蟿畏蟼 纬蠀谓伪喂魏蔚委伪蟼 胃苇蟽畏蟼 渭苇蟽伪 蟽蟿畏谓 慰喂魏慰纬苇谓蔚喂伪,畏 慰蟺慰委伪 未委谓蔚喂 蟿畏 味蠅萎,蟿畏 胃蟻苇蠁蔚喂 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 未喂伪蠁蔚谓蟿蔚蠉蔚喂 伪魏位蠈谓畏蟿伪 蟽伪谓 伪位维胃蔚蠀蟿畏 胃苇伪.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠈蟻伪蟽畏蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蔚蟺喂尾委蠅蟽畏.
螒蟺伪喂蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 纬喂伪 谓伪 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 蟿畏谓 慰渭慰蟻蠁喂维 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟽蠂萎渭喂伪. 螠蠈谓慰 蟺慰蠀 蔚未蠋 蟽蔚 蟿慰蠉蟿慰 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿畏 伪位萎胃蔚喂伪.
螝伪喂 伪蠀蟿萎 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 渭伪味喂魏萎 蔚蟺委胃蔚蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 慰位喂纬伪蟻蠂委伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 魏苇蟻未慰蠀蟼 魏伪蟿维 蟿畏蟼 蠀蟺蠈位慰喂蟺畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼. 螔位苇蟺蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 渭畏蠂伪谓苇蟼,蟿蟻维蟺蔚味蔚蟼,蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏慰蠉蟼 渭蔚蟿伪谓维蟽蟿蔚蟼,伪谓伪未慰蠀位蔚喂维,蟺蔚委谓伪,
魏伪蠂蠀蟺慰蠄委伪,蔚蠂胃蚁蠈蟿畏蟿伪,
伪蟺伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺喂维.螒谓苇蠂蔚喂伪 魏伪喂 魏伪蟿伪蠁蟻慰谓蔚渭苇谓慰蠀蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼 谓伪 未苇蠂慰谓蟿伪喂 伪谓维位纬畏蟿畏 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻喂蠁慰蟻维 伪蟺慰 蟿慰 魏蔚蠁维位伪喂慰 蟿慰蠀 魏伪蟺喂蟿伪位喂蟽蟿喂魏慰蠉 蟽蠀蟽蟿萎渭伪蟿慰蟼. (螝伪渭委伪 蟽蠂苇蟽畏 渭蔚 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 蟽魏蔚蟺蟿喂魏蠈-蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺位蠋蟼 蟺伪谓伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰).
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠈蟽蠁蟻畏蟽畏蟼 蟽蠂蔚蟿委味蔚蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟿慰 蟽蠀谓伪委蟽胃畏渭伪.
螝喂 蔚未蠋 蟿伪 伪蟻蠋渭伪蟿伪 魏伪喂 慰喂 未蠀蟽慰蟽渭委蔚蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 维蟺位蔚蟿伪. 螒谓伪纬谓蠅蟻委味慰蠀渭蔚 蔚蠉魏慰位伪 慰蟽渭苇蟼 蠂伪位伪蟽渭苇谓蠅谓 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠅谓,渭蠀蟻蠅未喂苇蟼 渭慰蠂胃畏蟻委伪蟼,伪委渭伪蟿慰蟼,蔚纬蠅喂蟽渭慰蠉,
魏伪魏委伪蟼,伪蟺蔚位蟺喂蟽委伪蟼 魏伪喂 蟺委魏蟻伪蟼.
螌渭蠅蟼 伪蟺慰 魏维蟺慰蠀 未喂伪蠂苇蔚蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 苇谓伪 渭蔚胃蠀蟽蟿喂魏蠈 维蟻蠅渭伪 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏蟼, 慰喂魏慰纬蔚谓蔚喂伪魏萎蟼 胃伪位蟺蠅蟻萎蟼,蟽蠀渭蟺伪蟻维蟽蟿伪蟽畏蟼,
蔚位蟺委未伪蟼,伪纬维蟺畏蟼,伪蠁慰蟽委蠅蟽畏蟼 魏伪喂 伪谓蔚委蟺蠅蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺喂维蟼.
螚 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 伪魏慰萎蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 蔚蟺喂位蔚魏蟿喂魏维 苇尉蠀蟺谓畏.
螒魏慰蠉蔚喂 蟿慰 魏位维渭伪,蟿畏谓 魏蟻伪蠀纬萎 伪蟺蠈纬谓蠅蟽畏蟼,蟿畏 蟽喂蠅蟺萎 蟺慰蠀 蔚蟺喂魏蟻伪蟿蔚委 蟽蟿慰谓 伪蟺蠈蟺伪蟿慰 蟿畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟻纬慰未慰蟿蠋谓,蟿畏谓 魏蠀魏位喂魏萎 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 魏蠈蟽渭慰蠀 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟿蟻伪纬慰蠉未喂 蟿畏蟼 谓蟿蟻慰蟺萎蟼 纬喂伪 蟿喂蟼 蟿伪尉喂魏苇蟼 蔚蟺喂胃苇蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿慰蠀 蠂蟻萎渭伪蟿慰蟼.
韦慰 蟿蟻伪纬慰蠉未喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 伪魏慰蠉纬蔚蟿伪喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪位畏蟺蟿喂魏维 魏伪喂 未蔚谓 魏慰蠀蟻维味蔚蟿伪喂 谓伪 尉伪谓伪位苇蔚喂 纬喂伪 蟿畏 纬蔚位慰喂慰蟺慰委畏蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 尾慰位蔚渭苇谓慰蠀 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻慰蟽渭慰谓萎 蟿慰蠀 蠁蟿蠅蠂慰蠉.
螒蟻伪喂维 魏伪喂 蟺慰蠀 伪魏慰蠉纬蔚蟿伪喂 苇谓伪蟼 蠉渭谓慰蟼 蔚蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏蟼 伪位位维 纬蟻萎纬慰蟻伪 畏 苇谓蟿伪蟽畏 蠂伪渭畏位蠋谓蔚喂 蟿蠈蟽慰 蟺慰蠀 蠂伪谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰谓 伪苇蟻伪 蟿畏蟼 慰渭畏蟻委伪蟼.
螒魏慰位慰蠀胃蔚委 畏 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 伪蠁萎蟼.
螜未喂伪委蟿蔚蟻伪 蟽畏渭伪谓蟿喂魏萎 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 渭伪蟼 伪蠁畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂. 韦慰 维纬纬喂纬渭伪 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蠅蟿萎蟻喂慰. 螚 伪纬魏伪位喂维 蟿慰 魏伪位蠉蟿蔚蟻慰 纬喂伪蟿蟻喂魏蠈. 韦慰 蠁喂位委 畏 蟺蟻蠋蟿畏 蔚蟺伪蠁萎 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 魏蠈蟽渭慰. 螚 伪蠁萎 渭伪蟼 蟺蟻慰蔚喂未慰蟺慰蔚委 纬喂伪 慰蟺慰喂伪未萎蟺慰蟿蔚 尾位维尾畏 渭苇蟽蠅 蟿慰蠀 蟺蠈谓慰蠀. 螒喂蟽胃伪谓蠈渭伪蟽蟿蔚 蟿慰 渭蔚蟿伪尉苇谓喂慰 维纬纬喂纬渭伪 蟿畏蟼 未喂魏伪喂慰蟽蠉谓畏蟼 魏伪喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚位蔚蠉胃蔚蟻畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 尾喂慰蟺伪位伪喂蟽蟿蠋谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓.
螒纬纬委味慰蠀渭蔚 蟿伪 蟽畏渭维未喂伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 渭蔚位伪谓喂苇蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟺慰谓维谓蔚 未喂伪蟻魏蠋蟼 蔚蟺蔚喂未萎 蟿伪 伪蟺慰蟿蠀蟺蠋谓蔚喂 蔚谓蟿慰谓蠈蟿蔚蟻伪 蟿慰 蠈谓蔚喂蟻慰 蟺慰蠀 纬委谓蔚蟿伪喂 蔚蠁喂维位蟿畏蟼,蟿慰 纬苇位喂慰 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪喂未喂蠋谓 蟺慰蠀 蟺蔚喂谓维谓蔚,蟿伪 蟽蟿伪蠁蠉位喂伪 蟿畏蟼 慰蟻纬萎蟼 蟺慰蠀
渭蔚蟽蟿蠋谓慰蠀谓 魏伪喂 蟽伪蟺委味慰蠀谓.
螝伪喂 慰喂 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓蔚蟼 蔚蟺喂谓慰萎蟽蔚喂蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟿蟻苇蠁慰谓蟿伪喂 渭蔚 魏苇蟻未慰蟼,蠈蟺蠅蟼 慰喂 蟿蟻维蟺蔚味蔚蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪谓伪蟺谓苇慰蠀谓 渭蔚 蠂蟻萎渭伪 魏伪喂 蔚尉慰蠀蟽喂维味慰蠀谓 味蠅苇蟼,渭伪 未蔚谓 蔚尉慰蠀蟽喂维味慰谓蟿伪喂.
韦蔚位蔚蠀蟿伪委伪 魏伪喂 蟽畏渭伪谓蟿喂魏蠈蟿蔚蟻畏 畏 伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 未喂慰蟻伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼. 螚 蔚谓蠈蟻伪蟽畏.
螘未蠋 畏 纬蠀渭谓萎 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀 苇蠂蔚喂 谓伪 蟺蔚喂 蔚谓 魏伪蟿伪魏位蔚委未喂.
芦鈥�..螡伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺维蠄慰蠀谓 慰喂 尾慰渭尾伪蟻未喂蟽渭慰委, 渭鈥� 蠈位慰 蟺慰蠀谓 胃伪 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 伪魏蠈渭伪 慰喂 尾慰渭尾伪蟻未喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 纬喂伪蟿委 畏 魏维胃蔚 渭蟺蠈渭蟺伪 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 伪蟺蠈未蔚喂尉畏 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蟺苇胃伪谓蔚 蟿慰 蟺谓蔚蠉渭伪. 螡伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 魏伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟽蟿伪渭伪蟿萎蟽慰蠀谓 慰喂 伪蟺蔚蟻纬委蔚蟼, 渭鈥� 蠈位慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 伪魏蠈渭伪 慰喂 渭蔚纬维位慰喂 喂未喂慰魏蟿萎蟿蔚蟼-纬喂伪蟿委 畏 魏维胃蔚 渭喂魏蟻慰伪蟺蔚蟻纬委伪 蟺慰蠀 蠂蟿蠀蟺喂苇蟿伪喂, 蔚委谓伪喂 渭喂伪 伪蟺蠈未蔚喂尉畏 蟺蠅蟼 苇纬喂谓蔚 蟿慰 尾萎渭伪. 螤蟻苇蟺蔚喂 魏喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 谓伪 尉苇蟻蔚喂蟼-谓伪 蠁慰尾维蟽伪喂 蟿畏 渭苇蟻伪 蟺慰蠀 慰 危蠀谓蔚喂未畏蟿蠈蟼 螁谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 胃伪 蟺维蠄蔚喂 谓伪 伪纬蠅谓委味蔚蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟺蔚胃伪委谓蔚喂 纬喂伪 渭喂伪 喂未苇伪, 纬喂伪蟿委 伪蠀蟿萎 魏伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 畏 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蔚委谓伪喂 蟿慰 胃蔚渭苇位喂慰 蟿慰蠀 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 危蠀谓蔚喂未畏蟿慰蠉, 魏喂 伪蠀蟿萎 魏伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 畏 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪 魏维谓蔚喂 谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 苇谓伪 蠈谓 尉蔚蠂蠅蟻喂蟽蟿蠈 渭苇蟽伪 蟽蟿慰 蟽蠉渭蟺伪谓.禄
螝伪位萎 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽畏!!
螤慰位位慰蠉蟼 伪蟽蟺伪蟽渭慰蠉蟼!
June 20, 2024
The author focuses on the causes of the terrible suffering of the thousands and thousands of tenant farmers who were forced to leave their homes and head towards the mythical Paradise (California) which turned out to be Hell. It was happening at the times of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl in the Unites States in the 1930s. Those causes were the natural forces, modern technology and the ugly face of capitalism (the greedy exploiters and the voiceless victims of exploitation). (I did not know Steinbeck was so anti-capitalist and pro-communist).
On the other hand, it is a gripping story of a family in their endless and often deadly quest for a better life.
And, to me, of all the members of the family, Ma Joad seems the most important one. She is not only a strong and brave woman, she is also like a glue that keeps all the family together in the new, dire circumstances. Having come from the patriarchal society, she becomes a true leader for the whole family for rest of the story.
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'Ma was heavy, but not fat; thick with child-bearing and work. She wore a loose Mother Hubbard of gray cloth in which there had once been colored flowers, but the color was washed out now, so that the small flowered pattern was only a little lighter gray than the background. The dress came down to her ankles, and her strong, broad, bare feet moved quickly and deftly over the floor. Her thin, steel-gray hair was gathered in a sparse wispy knot at the back of her head. Strong, freckled arms were bare to the elbow, and her hands were chubby and delicate, like those of a plump little girl. She looked out into the sunshine. Her full face was not soft; it was controlled, kindly. Her hazel eyes seemed to have experienced all possible tragedy and to have mounted pain and suffering like steps into a high calm and a superhuman understanding. She seemed to know, to accept, to welcome her position, the citadel of the family, the strong place that could not be taken. And since old Tom and the children could not know hurt or fear unless she acknowledged hurt and fear, she had practiced denying them in herself. And since, when a joyful thing happened, they looked to see whether joy was on her, it was her habit to build up laughter out of inadequate materials. But better than joy was calm. Imperturbability could be depended upon. And from her great and humble
position in the family she had taken dignity and a clean calm beauty. From her position as healer, her hands had grown sure and cool and quiet; from her position as arbiter she had become as remote and faultless in judgment as a goddess. She seemed to know that if she swayed the family shook, and if she ever really deeply wavered or despaired the family would fall, the family will to function would be gone.'
On the other hand, it is a gripping story of a family in their endless and often deadly quest for a better life.
And, to me, of all the members of the family, Ma Joad seems the most important one. She is not only a strong and brave woman, she is also like a glue that keeps all the family together in the new, dire circumstances. Having come from the patriarchal society, she becomes a true leader for the whole family for rest of the story.
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'Ma was heavy, but not fat; thick with child-bearing and work. She wore a loose Mother Hubbard of gray cloth in which there had once been colored flowers, but the color was washed out now, so that the small flowered pattern was only a little lighter gray than the background. The dress came down to her ankles, and her strong, broad, bare feet moved quickly and deftly over the floor. Her thin, steel-gray hair was gathered in a sparse wispy knot at the back of her head. Strong, freckled arms were bare to the elbow, and her hands were chubby and delicate, like those of a plump little girl. She looked out into the sunshine. Her full face was not soft; it was controlled, kindly. Her hazel eyes seemed to have experienced all possible tragedy and to have mounted pain and suffering like steps into a high calm and a superhuman understanding. She seemed to know, to accept, to welcome her position, the citadel of the family, the strong place that could not be taken. And since old Tom and the children could not know hurt or fear unless she acknowledged hurt and fear, she had practiced denying them in herself. And since, when a joyful thing happened, they looked to see whether joy was on her, it was her habit to build up laughter out of inadequate materials. But better than joy was calm. Imperturbability could be depended upon. And from her great and humble
position in the family she had taken dignity and a clean calm beauty. From her position as healer, her hands had grown sure and cool and quiet; from her position as arbiter she had become as remote and faultless in judgment as a goddess. She seemed to know that if she swayed the family shook, and if she ever really deeply wavered or despaired the family would fall, the family will to function would be gone.'
June 18, 2024
First, there is the feeling of failure, the guilt, the look at what we have lost, and then the departure鈥攁 departure to another life, a better experience, and the promise of an El Dorado. We then return to the land that saw us being born: the endless journey, the first death, the hunger, and the cold. But we still believe in it because we saw the leaflets that promised a job with a good salary. Even if a small voice tells us it is unhealthy, all these people leave in the same direction. Everyone with their dreams in mind holds out. Then, the arrival, the descent into hell, hunger, the cold. No house, trim work, or salary does not allow you to eat your fill. Dead, still dead. The cruel vision of the people of the new country who do not accept us but need us for the job. The unacceptable reality and the impossible return. So our mother, who has always taken everything without flinching, will become the family's citadel, motivating some and cuddling others. But nothing helps. Misery is on our doorstep: disillusionment, still death, acceptance, and anger.
That's a profoundly moving but realistic tale. Sublime prose on the 1929 crisis in the United States insidiously reminds me of the plight of our modern world. One thing has not changed: banks still have power! A novel to read or reread is excellent. To be prescribed for all intolerant people on Earth.
That's a profoundly moving but realistic tale. Sublime prose on the 1929 crisis in the United States insidiously reminds me of the plight of our modern world. One thing has not changed: banks still have power! A novel to read or reread is excellent. To be prescribed for all intolerant people on Earth.
August 1, 2021
This book was incredibly scary; especially because it was so realistic. John Steinbeck has a way of depicting society and people in a raw and honest way that leaves you with a hollow feeling inside, and yet you devour his books because they are so amazing.
In "The Grapes of Wrath" we meet Tom, who has just been released from prison on probation, as well as his family who's about to move to the West because banks and tractors have evicted them from their own home and land. It's USA in the middle of the Great Depression and times are changing. Everyone is moving from East to West in order to find work and survive these new and abhorrent circumstances.
In many ways, the writing of this book is very straight-forward, but at the same time it digs deeper when you read between the lines and look behind the characters' behaviour and dialogue. I was especially fond of how Steinbeck, at every other chapter, stops up to depict the conditions in America at that point in time; whether it be about a car seller and his greediness, the devastating conditions for the workers in the fruit fields or a turtle.
I was a big fan, and especially the ending left me speechless. Until now, "East of Eden" has been my favourite of Steinbeck's, but "The Grapes of Wrath" is a close runner-up.
In "The Grapes of Wrath" we meet Tom, who has just been released from prison on probation, as well as his family who's about to move to the West because banks and tractors have evicted them from their own home and land. It's USA in the middle of the Great Depression and times are changing. Everyone is moving from East to West in order to find work and survive these new and abhorrent circumstances.
In many ways, the writing of this book is very straight-forward, but at the same time it digs deeper when you read between the lines and look behind the characters' behaviour and dialogue. I was especially fond of how Steinbeck, at every other chapter, stops up to depict the conditions in America at that point in time; whether it be about a car seller and his greediness, the devastating conditions for the workers in the fruit fields or a turtle.
I was a big fan, and especially the ending left me speechless. Until now, "East of Eden" has been my favourite of Steinbeck's, but "The Grapes of Wrath" is a close runner-up.
March 27, 2020
Man-made environmental catastrophe and its (in)human cost - a study in inequality and injustice!
Imagine having to leave your country because it is a wasteland created by a decade of dust storms? Imagine having nowhere to go, but still crossing the desert in hope of finding a future after your past was wiped out by human failure, greed and environmental carelessness? Imagine not being welcome when you arrive, with nothing but what your family vehicle can carry ...
鈥淗ow can we live without our lives? How will we know it's us without our past?鈥�
Imagine nobody caring about those thousands of "us" who lost their identities with their farms and livelihoods. Immigrants are always also emigrants, and they carry the memory of being somebody, somewhere, in a distant past. To treat them as if they existed in a historical vacuum is as cruel as it is common, and it is the recurring topic of Steinbeck's heartbreaking writing.
Steinbeck is one of those authors that I love unconditionally, more and more with each reading experience. I once travelled from where I lived in Texas to visit Steinbeck country in California - looking for his traces in Monterey and Salinas, always accompanied by his complete works, from hilarious short novels to the heavy epic novels of good and evil. In the end, I discovered his characters in the faces I saw on the road, I smelled his descriptions of nature in the humid or dry, dusty air, I heard his dialogues in the everyday exchanges on markets and in hot small town streets.
I love them all, each one in my carefully kept Steinbeck collection. Asked by one of my children the other day which Steinbeck had influenced me most, I thought I was going to give an evasive, diplomatic answer, not making a statement for or against any specific story. Instead I heard myself say:
"The Grapes of Wrath!"
And the moment I said it I knew that I meant it. It may not exactly be my favourite Steinbeck, but definitely the one I feel uncomfortably, chillingly getting under my skin immediately. Just recalling the voices of the characters makes me shiver - as they suffer through the ordeal of fleeing from the Dust Bowl, that environmental catastrophe caused by greed and paid for by individual families, to a Californian paradise which doesn't welcome newcomers. The poverty, the suffering, the love and despair - it is tangible in each sentence, in each story line!
Family saga, social study, historical document, political standpoint, ethical statement on compassion and greed - it is all there, but invisible under the masterfully crafted story, which has its own quality, beyond the message on the essential needs and worries of poor, common people without protective networks.
I don't know how to close this review, as I am not done with this novel at all, despite having read it several times. But one quote shall stand as a warning to those who believe their wealth protects them against being humans, and feeling poor for behaving poorly:
鈥淚f he needs a million acres to make him feel rich, seems to me he needs it 'cause he feels awful poor inside hisself, and if he's poor in hisself, there ain't no million acres gonna make him feel rich, an' maybe he's disappointed that nothin' he can do 'll make him feel rich.鈥�
Imagine having to leave your country because it is a wasteland created by a decade of dust storms? Imagine having nowhere to go, but still crossing the desert in hope of finding a future after your past was wiped out by human failure, greed and environmental carelessness? Imagine not being welcome when you arrive, with nothing but what your family vehicle can carry ...
鈥淗ow can we live without our lives? How will we know it's us without our past?鈥�
Imagine nobody caring about those thousands of "us" who lost their identities with their farms and livelihoods. Immigrants are always also emigrants, and they carry the memory of being somebody, somewhere, in a distant past. To treat them as if they existed in a historical vacuum is as cruel as it is common, and it is the recurring topic of Steinbeck's heartbreaking writing.
Steinbeck is one of those authors that I love unconditionally, more and more with each reading experience. I once travelled from where I lived in Texas to visit Steinbeck country in California - looking for his traces in Monterey and Salinas, always accompanied by his complete works, from hilarious short novels to the heavy epic novels of good and evil. In the end, I discovered his characters in the faces I saw on the road, I smelled his descriptions of nature in the humid or dry, dusty air, I heard his dialogues in the everyday exchanges on markets and in hot small town streets.
I love them all, each one in my carefully kept Steinbeck collection. Asked by one of my children the other day which Steinbeck had influenced me most, I thought I was going to give an evasive, diplomatic answer, not making a statement for or against any specific story. Instead I heard myself say:
"The Grapes of Wrath!"
And the moment I said it I knew that I meant it. It may not exactly be my favourite Steinbeck, but definitely the one I feel uncomfortably, chillingly getting under my skin immediately. Just recalling the voices of the characters makes me shiver - as they suffer through the ordeal of fleeing from the Dust Bowl, that environmental catastrophe caused by greed and paid for by individual families, to a Californian paradise which doesn't welcome newcomers. The poverty, the suffering, the love and despair - it is tangible in each sentence, in each story line!
Family saga, social study, historical document, political standpoint, ethical statement on compassion and greed - it is all there, but invisible under the masterfully crafted story, which has its own quality, beyond the message on the essential needs and worries of poor, common people without protective networks.
I don't know how to close this review, as I am not done with this novel at all, despite having read it several times. But one quote shall stand as a warning to those who believe their wealth protects them against being humans, and feeling poor for behaving poorly:
鈥淚f he needs a million acres to make him feel rich, seems to me he needs it 'cause he feels awful poor inside hisself, and if he's poor in hisself, there ain't no million acres gonna make him feel rich, an' maybe he's disappointed that nothin' he can do 'll make him feel rich.鈥�
October 31, 2022
It's the 1930s, the great depression is in full swing, the dust bowl is killing farms off all across the midwest, and Pa and Ma Joad are doing the most American thing you can do, loading up the family in the car for a great cross-country road trip. I mean, what else are you supposed to do when the bank kicks you off your land and runs over your house with a tractor?
I live for books that make you feel. Books that make you cry. Books that stick with you. Books that you find yourself thinking about throughout the day. Books that make you neglect your screaming children to finish because you can't wait to see what happens. John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath is one of those books!
The Joad family, having been run off their crop-share farm to make way for more profits for the bank, travel to California after having seen a handbill promising high wages and lots of work. Tragedy strikes multiple times along the road, but they make it to the "paradise," which is California. But what they find when they get there is not as promised.
Tom Joad, our hero ex con. Defender of family, freedom, and fairness. I don't think I've ever liked a character as much as Tom. Even with all his flaws and imperfections, he is absolutely amazing.
Do yourself a favor and read this. It's a classic for a reason!
I live for books that make you feel. Books that make you cry. Books that stick with you. Books that you find yourself thinking about throughout the day. Books that make you neglect your screaming children to finish because you can't wait to see what happens. John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath is one of those books!
The Joad family, having been run off their crop-share farm to make way for more profits for the bank, travel to California after having seen a handbill promising high wages and lots of work. Tragedy strikes multiple times along the road, but they make it to the "paradise," which is California. But what they find when they get there is not as promised.
Tom Joad, our hero ex con. Defender of family, freedom, and fairness. I don't think I've ever liked a character as much as Tom. Even with all his flaws and imperfections, he is absolutely amazing.
Do yourself a favor and read this. It's a classic for a reason!
July 20, 2019
鈥淚鈥檒l be all around in the dark. I鈥檒l be everywhere. Wherever you can look 鈥� wherever there鈥檚 a fight so hungry people can eat, I鈥檒l be there. Wherever there鈥檚 a cop beatin鈥� up a guy, I鈥檒l be there. I鈥檒l be in the way guys yell when they鈥檙e mad. I鈥檒l be in the way kids laugh when they鈥檙e hungry and they know supper鈥檚 ready, and when the people are eatin鈥� the stuff they raise and livin鈥� in the house they build, I鈥檒l be there too鈥︹€�
- Tom Joad in John Steinbeck鈥檚 The Grapes of Wrath
鈥淎nd the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of God鈥︹€�
- The Book of Revelations 14:19 (King James Version)
For as long as I can recall, I have loved reading. But that love has been tested before. I am speaking, of course, about school, and in particular, about a succession of uninspired English teachers foisting uninspired syllabi upon their disinterested students. It only takes one fourth-rate translation of Crime and Punishment to make you foreswear the written word in favor of the videogame console.
Maybe it was the very fact that I was being forced to read that did it. Whatever the reason, I spent most of high school and college absorbing very little of value from my literature courses.
John Steinbeck鈥檚 The Grapes of Wrath was the exception. You can keep To Kill a Mockingbird and (especially) Catcher in the Rye. It was Steinbeck鈥檚 sturdy portrayal of the itinerant Joad family, leaving the dustbowl of Oklahoma for the green fields of California, that captured my imagination.
My reasons for enjoying The Grapes of Wrath are probably the same reasons that this perennially-assigned book has so many critical detractors. I loved the simplicity of the language, which eschewed formal daring (i.e., pretentiousness) in favor of a lyrical plainness that brought to mind Robert Penn Warren. I also appreciated the blunt-force of the message. There is very little subtlety here. Instead, it is a parable, filled with obvious symbolism and rife with meanings. Steinbeck does not try to hide his message; he is not endeavoring to get you to spend the rest of your days attempting to translate the runes.
This summer, I decided to test my recollection with a reread, while also consuming another bona fide classic. Coming on the heels of Les Mis茅rables, the 528-page Okie epic felt practically brisk.
A summary of The Grapes of Wrath is incredibly straightforward (which was probably another reason I appreciated this as a student). It opens with Tom Joad on his way home from prison, where he has served four years for manslaughter. The home he finds, however, is changing fast. Dry weather is destroying the crops, and corporate-owned tractors are driving off the tenant farmers. Soon enough, Tom and the Joad family (Pa and Ma; Granpa and Granma; Uncle John; brothers Al, Noah, and Winfield; and sisters Rose of Sharon and Ruthie), along with former preacher Jim Casy, hop in a beat-up old truck and hit Route 66. In their journey to California, and their encounters once they arrive, we experience themes 鈥� the white working class; economic inequality; migration 鈥� that seem as relevant as ever.
Perhaps the most striking thing about The Grapes of Wrath (which is otherwise proudly straight-down-the-middle), is its use of intercalary chapters. It is a structure that can possibly determine 鈥� on its own 鈥� your reaction to Steinbeck鈥檚 opus. The intercalary chapters are cutaway scenes that are inserted throughout the central narrative. They have nothing to do with the Joad family whatsoever and consist of descriptions of the weather; vignettes between unrelated characters; and towards the end of the novel, a fierce denunciation of merciless profiteering:
As you might have guessed already, I am fine with these chapters. In fact, some of them I really liked. One clever chapter, for instance, is told in stream-of-conscious style from the perspective of a used car salesman as he gulls the hicks and rubes who wander onto his lot. Of course, one can view this quite differently, as mere filler that needlessly swells an otherwise spare storyline. I will acknowledge that it is an arguable point. Yet in adding these sections, Steinbeck is able to create the larger context through which the Joad family is moving, adding a mythic overlay to their journey, making it into a modernized version of westward pioneers in their covered wagons.
For me, the most impressive thing about Steinbeck鈥檚 writing is his uncanny and immersive powers of description. When he paints a scene, he fills out the canvas, all the way to the edges. You know what a thing looks like; how the heat feels; what sound the wind is making:
The characters are admittedly archetypes, which is a fancy way of saying they are built from the feet-up with clich茅s. Still, Steinbeck draws everyone, even side characters like Uncle John, with great vividness. The lodestar of the group is Ma, fierce and tough as a cob, willing to do anything to keep the family together, and imbued with a pragmatic wisdom:
One of the ways you know an author has done a good job with a character is when you feel yourself hating him or her with great passion. In that regard, Steinbeck also succeeds, as selfish Al, senseless Winfield, whining Rose of Sharon, and hopeless Ruthie all drove me nuts. Now, you might say that鈥檚 the bulk of the cast. That is correct. Things are helped along, however, by a lot of witty dialogue, ribald humor (including a couple Tom Joad penis jokes), and genuinely tense confrontations.
(There is also the general implication that human beings, on occasion, engage in sexual relations, a fact that caused at least one contemporary critic to label this 鈥減ornography.鈥� It is not, dear reader, pornography).
The Grapes of Wrath has always been attended by controversy. Some of it stems from the aforementioned earthiness. More of it comes from Steinbeck鈥檚 alleged politics. The charge, as is often the case if someone gives the free market the side-eye, is that Steinbeck was espousing Communism. Certainly, he was a pro-labor leftist, and accordingly showed some sympathy with the cause. But Steinbeck really tried to avoid being pigeonholed into one ideology. At the end of the day, he was interested in people, and the only theory that he delineates with any kind of coherence is the belief in the power of people working together.
To be sure, there is within these pages a critique of capitalism and the way it 鈥� in its purest form 鈥� can wring a person鈥檚 life for a bigger margin of profit. This came from an honest place, as Steinbeck covered migrant workers during the Great Depression as a journalist. He went to Hoovervilles and government camps. He collected the stories. His sympathies were with the worker and their mistreatment served as the wellspring of his anger. Near the end of The Grapes of Wrath, when he finally unleashes a barrage at unrestrained corporate capitalism, it still feels raw, eighty years after it was published.
Steinbeck believed a revolution was coming. Ultimately, he was wrong about the shape history was taking. Perhaps he misread the tea leaves. More likely, the sudden explosion of the Second World War, which created millions of jobs, cut the revolution off at the knees.
(The irony is that the Joad family, derided by Californians as 鈥淩eds,鈥� are innately conservative people who were intent on avoiding government handouts. After Pearl Harbor, they likely found decent defense industry jobs and got Ma that white house she was always dreaming on. Heck, the next generation probably voted for Reagan. Commies, indeed!).
Unpacking the controversies and the politics and the symbolism and even the timelessness are beside the point. What makes The Grapes of Wrath a great novel is that it transports you into a fully-realized world, with fully-realized characters. When I finished the final page (even with its whacky ending), the story did not end. I continued to think about the characters, to imagine where they might go next. And even when I stopped actually thinking about them, I still remembered them.
It has been twenty years since I read this last, and upon reading it again, it struck me that I had never forgotten it in the first place.
- Tom Joad in John Steinbeck鈥檚 The Grapes of Wrath
鈥淎nd the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of God鈥︹€�
- The Book of Revelations 14:19 (King James Version)
For as long as I can recall, I have loved reading. But that love has been tested before. I am speaking, of course, about school, and in particular, about a succession of uninspired English teachers foisting uninspired syllabi upon their disinterested students. It only takes one fourth-rate translation of Crime and Punishment to make you foreswear the written word in favor of the videogame console.
Maybe it was the very fact that I was being forced to read that did it. Whatever the reason, I spent most of high school and college absorbing very little of value from my literature courses.
John Steinbeck鈥檚 The Grapes of Wrath was the exception. You can keep To Kill a Mockingbird and (especially) Catcher in the Rye. It was Steinbeck鈥檚 sturdy portrayal of the itinerant Joad family, leaving the dustbowl of Oklahoma for the green fields of California, that captured my imagination.
My reasons for enjoying The Grapes of Wrath are probably the same reasons that this perennially-assigned book has so many critical detractors. I loved the simplicity of the language, which eschewed formal daring (i.e., pretentiousness) in favor of a lyrical plainness that brought to mind Robert Penn Warren. I also appreciated the blunt-force of the message. There is very little subtlety here. Instead, it is a parable, filled with obvious symbolism and rife with meanings. Steinbeck does not try to hide his message; he is not endeavoring to get you to spend the rest of your days attempting to translate the runes.
This summer, I decided to test my recollection with a reread, while also consuming another bona fide classic. Coming on the heels of Les Mis茅rables, the 528-page Okie epic felt practically brisk.
A summary of The Grapes of Wrath is incredibly straightforward (which was probably another reason I appreciated this as a student). It opens with Tom Joad on his way home from prison, where he has served four years for manslaughter. The home he finds, however, is changing fast. Dry weather is destroying the crops, and corporate-owned tractors are driving off the tenant farmers. Soon enough, Tom and the Joad family (Pa and Ma; Granpa and Granma; Uncle John; brothers Al, Noah, and Winfield; and sisters Rose of Sharon and Ruthie), along with former preacher Jim Casy, hop in a beat-up old truck and hit Route 66. In their journey to California, and their encounters once they arrive, we experience themes 鈥� the white working class; economic inequality; migration 鈥� that seem as relevant as ever.
Perhaps the most striking thing about The Grapes of Wrath (which is otherwise proudly straight-down-the-middle), is its use of intercalary chapters. It is a structure that can possibly determine 鈥� on its own 鈥� your reaction to Steinbeck鈥檚 opus. The intercalary chapters are cutaway scenes that are inserted throughout the central narrative. They have nothing to do with the Joad family whatsoever and consist of descriptions of the weather; vignettes between unrelated characters; and towards the end of the novel, a fierce denunciation of merciless profiteering:
The people come with nets to fish for potatoes in the river, and the guards hold them back; they come in rattling cars to get the dumped oranges, but the kerosene is sprayed. And they stand still and watch the potatoes float by, listen to the screaming pigs being killed in a ditch and covered with quick-lime, watch the mountains of oranges slop down to a putrefying ooze; and in the eyes of the people there is the failure; and in the eyes of the hungry there is a growing wrath. In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage.
As you might have guessed already, I am fine with these chapters. In fact, some of them I really liked. One clever chapter, for instance, is told in stream-of-conscious style from the perspective of a used car salesman as he gulls the hicks and rubes who wander onto his lot. Of course, one can view this quite differently, as mere filler that needlessly swells an otherwise spare storyline. I will acknowledge that it is an arguable point. Yet in adding these sections, Steinbeck is able to create the larger context through which the Joad family is moving, adding a mythic overlay to their journey, making it into a modernized version of westward pioneers in their covered wagons.
For me, the most impressive thing about Steinbeck鈥檚 writing is his uncanny and immersive powers of description. When he paints a scene, he fills out the canvas, all the way to the edges. You know what a thing looks like; how the heat feels; what sound the wind is making:
A gentle wind followed by rain clouds, driving them northward, a wind that softly clashed the drying corn. A day went by and the wind increased, steady, unbroken by gusts. The dust from the roads fluffed up and spread out and fell on the weeds beside the fields, and fell into the fields a little way. Now the wind grew strong and hard and it worked at the rain crust in the corn fields. Little by little the sky was darkened by the mixing dust, and the wind felt over the earth, loosened the dust, and carried it away. The wind grew stronger. The rain crust broke and the dust lifted up out of the fields and drove gray plumes into the air like sluggish smoke. The corn threshed the wind and made a dry, rushing sound. The finest dust did not settle back to earth now, but disappeared into the darkening sky鈥�
The characters are admittedly archetypes, which is a fancy way of saying they are built from the feet-up with clich茅s. Still, Steinbeck draws everyone, even side characters like Uncle John, with great vividness. The lodestar of the group is Ma, fierce and tough as a cob, willing to do anything to keep the family together, and imbued with a pragmatic wisdom:
鈥淎in't you thinkin鈥� what鈥檚 it gonna be like when we get there?鈥� [Al asked]. 鈥淎in't you scared it won鈥檛 be nice like we thought?鈥�
鈥淣o,鈥� [Ma] said quickly. 鈥淣o, I ain't. You can鈥檛 do that. I can鈥檛 do that. It鈥檚 too much 鈥� livin鈥� too many lives. Up ahead they鈥檚 a thousan鈥� lives we might live, but when it comes, it鈥檒l on鈥檡 be one鈥︹€�
One of the ways you know an author has done a good job with a character is when you feel yourself hating him or her with great passion. In that regard, Steinbeck also succeeds, as selfish Al, senseless Winfield, whining Rose of Sharon, and hopeless Ruthie all drove me nuts. Now, you might say that鈥檚 the bulk of the cast. That is correct. Things are helped along, however, by a lot of witty dialogue, ribald humor (including a couple Tom Joad penis jokes), and genuinely tense confrontations.
(There is also the general implication that human beings, on occasion, engage in sexual relations, a fact that caused at least one contemporary critic to label this 鈥減ornography.鈥� It is not, dear reader, pornography).
The Grapes of Wrath has always been attended by controversy. Some of it stems from the aforementioned earthiness. More of it comes from Steinbeck鈥檚 alleged politics. The charge, as is often the case if someone gives the free market the side-eye, is that Steinbeck was espousing Communism. Certainly, he was a pro-labor leftist, and accordingly showed some sympathy with the cause. But Steinbeck really tried to avoid being pigeonholed into one ideology. At the end of the day, he was interested in people, and the only theory that he delineates with any kind of coherence is the belief in the power of people working together.
To be sure, there is within these pages a critique of capitalism and the way it 鈥� in its purest form 鈥� can wring a person鈥檚 life for a bigger margin of profit. This came from an honest place, as Steinbeck covered migrant workers during the Great Depression as a journalist. He went to Hoovervilles and government camps. He collected the stories. His sympathies were with the worker and their mistreatment served as the wellspring of his anger. Near the end of The Grapes of Wrath, when he finally unleashes a barrage at unrestrained corporate capitalism, it still feels raw, eighty years after it was published.
Steinbeck believed a revolution was coming. Ultimately, he was wrong about the shape history was taking. Perhaps he misread the tea leaves. More likely, the sudden explosion of the Second World War, which created millions of jobs, cut the revolution off at the knees.
(The irony is that the Joad family, derided by Californians as 鈥淩eds,鈥� are innately conservative people who were intent on avoiding government handouts. After Pearl Harbor, they likely found decent defense industry jobs and got Ma that white house she was always dreaming on. Heck, the next generation probably voted for Reagan. Commies, indeed!).
Unpacking the controversies and the politics and the symbolism and even the timelessness are beside the point. What makes The Grapes of Wrath a great novel is that it transports you into a fully-realized world, with fully-realized characters. When I finished the final page (even with its whacky ending), the story did not end. I continued to think about the characters, to imagine where they might go next. And even when I stopped actually thinking about them, I still remembered them.
It has been twenty years since I read this last, and upon reading it again, it struck me that I had never forgotten it in the first place.
June 10, 2015
亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘丿賳亘丕賱 賱匕鬲 丿乇讴 賱亘禺賳丿 跇讴賵賳丿 賴爻鬲賳丿 ! 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴鈥屬呟屫堌з� 亘賳賵蹖爻賲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 噩賳爻 丕丨爻丕爻賴鈥� 鬲丕 丕夭 噩賳爻 鬲丨賱蹖賱 .. 賮賯胤 亘蹖爻鬲 氐賮丨賴 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵鈥屫堎嗀� 亘賵丿賲鈥屬� 鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 亘丕賴丕卮 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘乇賯乇丕乇 讴賳賲 .. 蹖賴 卮亘 亘丕乇賵賳蹖 亘賴丕乇 .. 丨賵丕賱蹖 爻丕毓鬲 丿賴 卮亘 禺賵賳丿賳鈥� 乇賵鈥屫簇辟堌光€� 讴乇丿賲 賵 鬲丕 賴賮鬲 氐亘丨 蹖讴賳賮爻 禺賵賳丿賲 .. 賳夭丿蹖讴 亘賴 丿賴 爻丕毓鬲 蹖賴 丨爻 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 讴賴 鬲賵賵蹖 丕蹖賳 亘蹖爻鬲 爻丕賱蹖 讴賴 賲蹖禺賵賳賲 丕賵賱蹖賳 亘丕乇 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘乇丕賲 丕鬲賮丕賯 賲蹖賮鬲丕丿 .. 趩賴丕乇氐丿 氐賮丨賴鈥屫з堎� 乇賵 蹖賴 鬲蹖讴賴 賵 倬蹖賵爻鬲賴 禺賵賳丿賲 .. 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 賴乇 爻胤乇卮 乇賵丨 鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 鈥屫辟堚€屫ㄙ� 鈥屫必� 賲蹖丕乇賴 ..噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賯賱亘 丕丿賲 賵丕賯毓丕 亘賴 丿乇丿 賲蹖丕丿 .. 毓噩蹖亘 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 禺賵丿 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘毓丿 丕夭 賳賵卮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 賲丿鬲蹖 丿趩丕乇 丕禺鬲賱丕賱 乇賵丨蹖 賲蹖卮賴 .. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕賵丕乇诏蹖 蹖賴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 倬乇噩賲毓蹖鬲 鬲賵賵蹖 卮丕賴乇丕賴 卮賲丕乇賴 鄱鄱 賴爻鬲 賵 賲氐蹖亘鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 亘毓丿 丕夭 丿蹖诏乇蹖 诏乇蹖亘丕賳 诏蹖乇 丕蹖賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賲蹖卮賴 .. 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕 亘賴 乇丕丨鬲蹖 丕亘 禺賵乇丿賳 丨匕賮 賲蹖卮賳 .. 賵 賴乇 亘丕乇 蹖賴 亘賴鬲 爻賳诏蹖賳 賮囟丕蹖 爻蹖丕賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇賵鈥屫� 亘乇 賲蹖诏蹖乇賴 .. 賲蹖鬲賵賳賲 亘诏賲 丿蹖诏賴 賲丨丕賱賴 亘鬲賵賳賲 賴賲趩蹖賳鈥屫ж池з� 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖 亘禺賵賳賲 .. 賲禺氐賵氐丕 倬丕蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 .. 亘丿賵賳 卮讴 賳賯胤賴 丕賵噩 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴賲賵賳 爻賴 爻胤乇 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴爻鬲 .. 丕賵賳賯丿乇 丿乇丿賳丕讴 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 賴蹖趩 賵賯鬲 賯乇丕乇 賳蹖爻鬲 丕夭 匕賴賳 禺丕乇噩 亘卮賴 .. 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇賲丕賳蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 鬲賵賵蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖賲 禺賵賳丿賲 ...
March 18, 2022
丕賳賯丿乇 鬲丕孬蹖乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵蹖 賲賳 毓賲蹖賯 亘賵丿貙 乇蹖賵蹖賵 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 卮丿. 丕诏乇 亘丕 丿蹖丿賳 鬲毓丿丕丿 倬丕乇丕诏乇丕賮鈥屬囏� 丿丕乇蹖丿 亘蹖禺蹖丕賱卮 賲蹖卮蹖丿 (讴賴 丨賯 丿丕乇蹖丿!) 賮賯胤 賴賲蹖賳 乇賵 亘诏賲 讴賴
禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 乇賵 亘禺賵丕賳蹖丿
讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 賲毓賲賵賱蹖貙 丕氐賵賱丕賸 丨蹖賵丕賳丕鬲 禺丕賳诏蹖 乇丕賲鈥屫簇団€屫й� 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丿賳丿丕賳鈥屬囏й屫簇з� 乇賵 亘賴 卮賲丕 賳卮丕賳 賳賲蹖丿賳 賵 讴卮丕賳 讴卮丕賳 卮賲丕 乇賵 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟嗀�. 丕賲丕 禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖賴 讴賴 丿賳丿丕賳鈥屬囏ж� 亘賴 禺賵賳鬲賵賳 丌睾卮鬲賴鈥� 賲蹖卮賴[诏丕乇丿蹖賳]. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 爻丕丿賴 賵 鬲賱禺賴. 丕購讴蹖鈥屬囏й屰� (賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 丕讴賱丕賴賲丕) 讴賴 亘賴 爻賲鬲 亘丕睾鈥屬囏й� 賲蹖賵賴鈥屰� 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 乇丕賴 丕賮鬲丕丿賳丿 賵 丿乇 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 蹖丕賮鬲賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賲賵毓賵丿貙 趩賴 夭噩乇賴丕 讴賴 賳讴卮蹖丿賳丿. 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿貙 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賴夭丕乇丕賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丕夭 夭賲蹖賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丕賵賳 賲鬲賵賱丿 卮丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 乇丕賳丿賴 卮丿賳丿 賵 丿賵丕夭丿賴 賳賮乇貙 爻賵丕乇 亘乇 賲丕卮蹖賳蹖 賯丿蹖賲蹖 亘賴 爻賲鬲 睾乇亘 讴賵趩 讴乇丿賳丿. 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 亘丿亘禺鬲蹖 賵 賮賱丕讴鬲 鬲賳賴丕 趩蹖夭蹖賴 讴賴 賳氐蹖亘 丕蹖賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賵 賴夭丕乇丕賳 賲賴丕噩乇 丿蹖诏賴 卮丿
亘丿亘禺鬲蹖 丿乇 丿賱 亘丿亘禺鬲蹖
:丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丿賵 倬爻鈥屫操呟屬嗁団€屰� 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 賲賴賲 丿丕乇賴
乇讴賵丿 亘夭乇诏 The Great Depression .郾
亘丕 爻賯賵胤 亘丕夭丕乇 爻賴丕賲 丿乇 爻丕賱 郾酃鄄酃 賵 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 丌賲乇蹖讴丕貙 亘丕賳讴鈥屬囏� 亘賴 賴乇 乇丕賴蹖 賲鬲氐賵賱 卮丿賳丿 鬲丕 囟乇乇賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 乇賵 噩亘乇丕賳 讴賳賳丿. 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 讴乇丿賳 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏� 賵 亘乇丿丕卮鬲 賲丨氐賵賱 亘丕 鬲乇丕讴鬲賵乇 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 爻賵丿 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲貙 亘丕賳讴鈥屬囏� 讴卮丕賵乇夭丕賳 讴賵趩讴 讴賴 亘丕 賯乇囟 賵 賵丕賲 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏ж促堎� 乇賵 亘賴 亘丕賳讴 亘丕禺鬲賴 亘賵丿賳丿 乇賵 亘蹖乇賵賳 讴乇丿賳丿 賵 亘丕毓孬 丕蹖噩丕丿 蹖讴 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 亘夭乇诏 丕夭 卮乇賯 亘賴 睾乇亘 卮丿賳丿
讴丕爻賴鈥屰� 禺丕讴 Dust bowl .鄄
丕夭 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 丿賴賴 郾酃鄢郯貙 丿卮鬲鈥屬囏й� 噩賳賵亘蹖 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 丿趩丕乇 胤賵賮丕賳鈥屬囏й� 卮丿蹖丿 禺丕讴 賵 禺卮讴爻丕賱蹖 卮丿賳丿 讴賴 亘丕毓孬 賲乇诏 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏� 賵 丿丕賲 卮丿 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賲丨氐賵賱丕鬲 讴卮丕賵乇夭蹖 丕夭 丿爻鬲 乇賮鬲賳丿. 丕蹖賳 卮乇丕蹖胤貙 鬲丕孬蹖乇丕鬲 讴賲乇卮讴賳 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 乇賵 鬲卮丿蹖丿 讴乇丿 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屬囏й� 讴卮丕賵乇夭 亘賴 丕賲蹖丿 卮乇丕蹖胤 亘賴鬲乇 賲噩亘賵乇 亘賴 鬲乇讴 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 禺賵丿 卮丿賳丿
亘丨孬鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫操� 禺賵亘 蹖丕 亘丿責
禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 亘丨孬鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫藏臂屬� 賵 賳賯丿 卮丿賴鈥屫臂屬� 乇賲丕賳 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲 賴爻鬲. 趩賳蹖賳 丌孬丕乇蹖 丕氐賵賱丕賸 噩賳诏鈥屬囏й� 讴鬲丕亘蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 丿乇 丿賮丕毓 賵 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 亘乇丕蹖 鬲禺乇蹖亘卮賵賳 賳賵卮鬲賴 賲蹖卮賴 賵 丕蹖賳 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖賴 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕賮鬲丕丿. 賲乇丿賲 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 賵 丕讴賱丕賴賲丕 丕夭 賳丨賵賴鈥屰� 鬲氐賵蹖乇 卮丿賳 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 诏賱賴 丿丕卮鬲賳丿 賵 亘賴 丿乇賵睾鈥屬矩必и┵嗃� 賲鬲賴賲卮 讴乇丿賳丿. 爻乇賲丕蹖賴鈥屫ж必з� 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲賲丿丕乇丕賳 卮讴 賳丿丕卮鬲賳丿 讴賴 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 噩夭 倬乇賵倬丕诏丕賳丿丕蹖 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賴 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲賮丕爻蹖乇 賳丕賲鬲毓丕乇賮 丕夭 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 賵 丕賱賮丕馗 夭卮鬲 亘賴 賲匕丕賯 賲丨丕賮馗賴鈥屭┴ж必з� 賴賲 禺賵卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫①呚�. 丕賲鬲丨丕賳 丕氐賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏� 丕賲丕貙 诏匕乇 夭賲丕賳賴. 亘丕 賮丕氐賱賴 诏乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 賵 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 丕蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕賴丕 亘賴 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 賲乇丿賲 亘丕 丿蹖丿 亘丕夭鬲乇蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賳诏丕賴 讴乇丿賳丿 賵 賲噩亘賵乇 卮丿賳丿 亘丕 丨賯蹖賯鬲 賲賵丕噩賴 亘卮賳貙 丕蹖賳噩丕 亘賵丿 讴賴 賲禺丕胤亘丕賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳丿
讴賱 賵 噩夭
讴鬲丕亘 賮氐賱鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲蹖 丿丕乇賴. 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕賸 蹖讴 賮氐賱 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿 賯胤毓 賲蹖卮賴 賵 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 爻毓蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 鬲氐賵蹖乇 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖 丕夭 乇賵蹖丿丕丿賴丕 乇賵 鬲乇爻蹖賲 讴賳賴鈥�. 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 噩賵丿賴丕 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賮氐賱鈥屬囏� 丨囟賵乇 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 丿乇 丨賯蹖賯鬲 亘丕 賴賲賵賳 賲爻丕卅賱 亘毓丿丕 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 賲蹖卮賳. 丕诏乇 讴鬲丕亘 賮賯胤 亘丕 賮氐賱鈥屬囏й� 讴賱蹖 賳賵卮鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫簇� 鬲氐賵乇 丿乇丿賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丕夭卮 氐丨亘鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 爻禺鬲 賲蹖鈥屫簇� 賵 丕诏乇 賮賯胤 丕夭 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 噩賵丿賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀屬呚� 卮丕蹖丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴必屬� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賮賯胤 賲卮鬲蹖 丕夭 禺乇賵丕乇賴丕 亘賵丿賳丿
丕夭 賲賳 亘賴 賲丕
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丕賲丕 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丕夭 賮乇丿诏乇丕蹖蹖 亘賴 丕夭 禺賵丿诏匕卮鬲诏蹖 亘乇丕蹖 芦乇購夭丕卮丕乇賳禄 禺賵丕賴乇 亘丕乇丿丕乇 鬲丕賲 丕鬲賮丕賯 賲蹖鈥屫з佖� 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲爻乇 噩賵丕賳卮 賵 爻乇蹖 倬乇 丕夭 丌乇夭賵賴丕蹖 卮蹖乇蹖賳 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 乇賵 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 讴賲鈥屭┵� 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 乇賵蹖 爻蹖丕賴卮 乇賵 亘賴 乇夭丕卮丕乇賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴 賵 賴乇 乇賵夭 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 乇賵蹖丕卮 乇賵 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賲蹖丿賴. 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 丿禺鬲乇 噩賵丕賳 丿乇 氐賮丨丕鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 讴鬲丕亘貙 賲馗賴乇 胤乇夭 賮讴乇 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� 賲蹖卮賴
"夭賳鈥屬囏� 乇丕丨鬲鈥屫� 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀�"
丕蹖賳 噩賵丕亘 賲丕丿乇 亘賴 倬丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿爻鬲貙 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 賲乇丿 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲 丕蹖賳 夭賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲丿蹖乇蹖鬲 賵 讴賳鬲乇賱 丕賵囟丕毓 爻禺鬲 丿乇 鬲毓噩亘賴. 賳賯卮 賲丕丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賵 乇卮丿 卮禺氐蹖鬲卮 丕夭 噩匕丕亘鈥屫臂屬� 亘禺卮鈥屬囏� 亘賵丿. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘賴 賵囟賵丨 丿乇 噩丕賲毓賴鈥屰� 賲乇丿爻丕賱丕乇 丕賵丕蹖賱 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲賲 丿乇 丨丕賱 乇禺 丿丕丿賳賴. 丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃屬� 讴賴 賲乇丿丕賳 鬲氐賲蹖賲鈥屭屫辟嗀団€屬囏й� 丕氐賱蹖 亘乇丕蹖 爻賮乇 倬蹖卮 乇賵 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 丨鬲蹖 夭賳丕賳 丕噩丕夭賴鈥屰� 賳馗乇 丿丕丿賳 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 丕賲丕 丿乇 胤賵賱 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 爻禺鬲 卮丿賳 卮乇丕蹖胤 賵 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賲氐蹖亘鬲鈥屬囏ж� 丕蹖賳 賲丕丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿爻鬲 讴賴 讴賳鬲乇賱 丕賵囟丕毓 乇賵 亘賴 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟� 賵 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟�. 賲丕丿乇 讴賴 賴丿賮蹖 噩夭 夭賳丿賴 賵 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 賴賲 賳诏賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫ж� 賳丿丕乇賴貙 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱 丕蹖賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 亘夭乇诏 賳賲蹖鈥屫蹿┵嗁� 賵 亘丕 賯丿乇鬲卮 爻賮乇 乇賵 倬蹖卮 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟�
丿乇丿賽 丌卮賳丕
丕卮鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� 禺賵丿卮 丿乇 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賲夭乇毓賴鈥屬囏й� 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕 丌賲丿 賵 丿乇 丕賵賳鈥屬囏� 讴丕乇 讴乇丿. 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕賳鬲卮丕乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 賵囟毓蹖鬲 賲卮賯鬲鈥屫ㄘж� 讴賲倬鈥屬囏й� 賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 乇賵夭賳丕賲賴 賲蹖鈥屬嗁堌簇� 亘賴 胤賵乇 賲丿丕賵賲 丕夭卮賵賳 亘丕夭丿蹖丿 賲蹖 讴乇丿 賵 丨鬲蹖 亘丕 賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 賴賲爻賮乇 賲蹖鈥屫簇�. 鬲賲丕賲 丕蹖賳鈥屬囏� 賲賯丿賲丕鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賳賵卮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賵丿. 亘賴 賯賵賱 禺賵丿卮 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 鬲賳賴丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 趩蹖夭蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 禺賵亘 亘賳賵蹖爻賴 讴賴 鬲丨爻蹖賳卮 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 丕夭 賳馗乇卮 丿乇 丕賵賳 夭賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 鬲丨爻蹖賳 亘乇丕賳诏蹖夭鬲乇 丕夭 卮噩丕毓鬲 賲乇丿賲 賮賯蹖乇 賳亘賵丿
丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 亘丕 鬲乇噩賲賴責 讴鬲丕亘 氐賵鬲蹖 趩蹖責
禺蹖賱蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 丕诏乇 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屫� 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 丨鬲賲丕賸 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 亘禺賵賳蹖丿. 賳丨賵賴 丿蹖丕賱賵诏 賳賵蹖爻蹖 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 鈥屫ㄚ� 禺丕氐賴 賵 鬲賲丕賲 賲讴丕賱賲丕鬲 亘丕 賱賴噩賴 賵 爻亘讴 禺丕氐 诏賮鬲丕乇 賲乇丿賲 丕蹖丕賱鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 丿乇 丌賳 亘丕夭賴 夭賲丕賳蹖 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴. 賲賳 賴賲夭賲丕賳 賳爻禺賴 氐賵鬲蹖 乇賵 诏賵卮 讴乇丿賲 賵 丕夭 乇賵蹖 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丕賳丿賲. 亘賴 趩賳丿 丿賱蹖賱 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 毓丕賱蹖 亘賵丿. 丕賵賱 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丕 鬲賲乇讴夭 賵 爻乇毓鬲 亘丕賱丕鬲乇蹖 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵丕賳丿賲 賵 亘丕 丕噩乇丕蹖 賮賵賯鈥屫з勜关ж� 诏賵蹖賳丿賴貙 禺賵丕賳丿賳 噩賲賱丕鬲 亘丕 賱賴噩賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 丌爻丕賳鈥屫� 卮丿
賵 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 噩賲賱賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘乇丕賲 禺賱丕氐賴 賲蹖 讴賳賴
爻賴 鬲丕 丕夭 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賲賯丕賱丕鬲
郾鄞郯郯/鄱/鄯
禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 乇賵 亘禺賵丕賳蹖丿
讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 賲毓賲賵賱蹖貙 丕氐賵賱丕賸 丨蹖賵丕賳丕鬲 禺丕賳诏蹖 乇丕賲鈥屫簇団€屫й� 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丿賳丿丕賳鈥屬囏й屫簇з� 乇賵 亘賴 卮賲丕 賳卮丕賳 賳賲蹖丿賳 賵 讴卮丕賳 讴卮丕賳 卮賲丕 乇賵 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟嗀�. 丕賲丕 禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖賴 讴賴 丿賳丿丕賳鈥屬囏ж� 亘賴 禺賵賳鬲賵賳 丌睾卮鬲賴鈥� 賲蹖卮賴[诏丕乇丿蹖賳]. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 爻丕丿賴 賵 鬲賱禺賴. 丕購讴蹖鈥屬囏й屰� (賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 丕讴賱丕賴賲丕) 讴賴 亘賴 爻賲鬲 亘丕睾鈥屬囏й� 賲蹖賵賴鈥屰� 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 乇丕賴 丕賮鬲丕丿賳丿 賵 丿乇 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 蹖丕賮鬲賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賲賵毓賵丿貙 趩賴 夭噩乇賴丕 讴賴 賳讴卮蹖丿賳丿. 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿貙 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賴夭丕乇丕賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丕夭 夭賲蹖賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丕賵賳 賲鬲賵賱丿 卮丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 乇丕賳丿賴 卮丿賳丿 賵 丿賵丕夭丿賴 賳賮乇貙 爻賵丕乇 亘乇 賲丕卮蹖賳蹖 賯丿蹖賲蹖 亘賴 爻賲鬲 睾乇亘 讴賵趩 讴乇丿賳丿. 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 亘丿亘禺鬲蹖 賵 賮賱丕讴鬲 鬲賳賴丕 趩蹖夭蹖賴 讴賴 賳氐蹖亘 丕蹖賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賵 賴夭丕乇丕賳 賲賴丕噩乇 丿蹖诏賴 卮丿
亘丿亘禺鬲蹖 丿乇 丿賱 亘丿亘禺鬲蹖
:丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丿賵 倬爻鈥屫操呟屬嗁団€屰� 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 賲賴賲 丿丕乇賴
乇讴賵丿 亘夭乇诏 The Great Depression .郾
亘丕 爻賯賵胤 亘丕夭丕乇 爻賴丕賲 丿乇 爻丕賱 郾酃鄄酃 賵 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 丌賲乇蹖讴丕貙 亘丕賳讴鈥屬囏� 亘賴 賴乇 乇丕賴蹖 賲鬲氐賵賱 卮丿賳丿 鬲丕 囟乇乇賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 乇賵 噩亘乇丕賳 讴賳賳丿. 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 讴乇丿賳 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏� 賵 亘乇丿丕卮鬲 賲丨氐賵賱 亘丕 鬲乇丕讴鬲賵乇 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 爻賵丿 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲貙 亘丕賳讴鈥屬囏� 讴卮丕賵乇夭丕賳 讴賵趩讴 讴賴 亘丕 賯乇囟 賵 賵丕賲 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏ж促堎� 乇賵 亘賴 亘丕賳讴 亘丕禺鬲賴 亘賵丿賳丿 乇賵 亘蹖乇賵賳 讴乇丿賳丿 賵 亘丕毓孬 丕蹖噩丕丿 蹖讴 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 亘夭乇诏 丕夭 卮乇賯 亘賴 睾乇亘 卮丿賳丿
讴丕爻賴鈥屰� 禺丕讴 Dust bowl .鄄
丕夭 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 丿賴賴 郾酃鄢郯貙 丿卮鬲鈥屬囏й� 噩賳賵亘蹖 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 丿趩丕乇 胤賵賮丕賳鈥屬囏й� 卮丿蹖丿 禺丕讴 賵 禺卮讴爻丕賱蹖 卮丿賳丿 讴賴 亘丕毓孬 賲乇诏 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏� 賵 丿丕賲 卮丿 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賲丨氐賵賱丕鬲 讴卮丕賵乇夭蹖 丕夭 丿爻鬲 乇賮鬲賳丿. 丕蹖賳 卮乇丕蹖胤貙 鬲丕孬蹖乇丕鬲 讴賲乇卮讴賳 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 乇賵 鬲卮丿蹖丿 讴乇丿 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屬囏й� 讴卮丕賵乇夭 亘賴 丕賲蹖丿 卮乇丕蹖胤 亘賴鬲乇 賲噩亘賵乇 亘賴 鬲乇讴 夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 禺賵丿 卮丿賳丿
亘丨孬鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫操� 禺賵亘 蹖丕 亘丿責
禺賵卮賴鈥屬囏й� 禺卮賲 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 亘丨孬鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫藏臂屬� 賵 賳賯丿 卮丿賴鈥屫臂屬� 乇賲丕賳 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲 賴爻鬲. 趩賳蹖賳 丌孬丕乇蹖 丕氐賵賱丕賸 噩賳诏鈥屬囏й� 讴鬲丕亘蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 丿乇 丿賮丕毓 賵 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 亘乇丕蹖 鬲禺乇蹖亘卮賵賳 賳賵卮鬲賴 賲蹖卮賴 賵 丕蹖賳 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖賴 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕賮鬲丕丿. 賲乇丿賲 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 賵 丕讴賱丕賴賲丕 丕夭 賳丨賵賴鈥屰� 鬲氐賵蹖乇 卮丿賳 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 诏賱賴 丿丕卮鬲賳丿 賵 亘賴 丿乇賵睾鈥屬矩必и┵嗃� 賲鬲賴賲卮 讴乇丿賳丿. 爻乇賲丕蹖賴鈥屫ж必з� 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲賲丿丕乇丕賳 卮讴 賳丿丕卮鬲賳丿 讴賴 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 噩夭 倬乇賵倬丕诏丕賳丿丕蹖 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賴 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲賮丕爻蹖乇 賳丕賲鬲毓丕乇賮 丕夭 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 賵 丕賱賮丕馗 夭卮鬲 亘賴 賲匕丕賯 賲丨丕賮馗賴鈥屭┴ж必з� 賴賲 禺賵卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫①呚�. 丕賲鬲丨丕賳 丕氐賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏� 丕賲丕貙 诏匕乇 夭賲丕賳賴. 亘丕 賮丕氐賱賴 诏乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 賵 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 丕蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕賴丕 亘賴 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 賲乇丿賲 亘丕 丿蹖丿 亘丕夭鬲乇蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賳诏丕賴 讴乇丿賳丿 賵 賲噩亘賵乇 卮丿賳丿 亘丕 丨賯蹖賯鬲 賲賵丕噩賴 亘卮賳貙 丕蹖賳噩丕 亘賵丿 讴賴 賲禺丕胤亘丕賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳丿
讴賱 賵 噩夭
讴鬲丕亘 賮氐賱鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲蹖 丿丕乇賴. 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕賸 蹖讴 賮氐賱 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿 賯胤毓 賲蹖卮賴 賵 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 爻毓蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 鬲氐賵蹖乇 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖 丕夭 乇賵蹖丿丕丿賴丕 乇賵 鬲乇爻蹖賲 讴賳賴鈥�. 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 噩賵丿賴丕 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賮氐賱鈥屬囏� 丨囟賵乇 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 丿乇 丨賯蹖賯鬲 亘丕 賴賲賵賳 賲爻丕卅賱 亘毓丿丕 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 賲蹖卮賳. 丕诏乇 讴鬲丕亘 賮賯胤 亘丕 賮氐賱鈥屬囏й� 讴賱蹖 賳賵卮鬲賴 賲蹖鈥屫簇� 鬲氐賵乇 丿乇丿賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丕夭卮 氐丨亘鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 爻禺鬲 賲蹖鈥屫簇� 賵 丕诏乇 賮賯胤 丕夭 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 噩賵丿賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀屬呚� 卮丕蹖丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴必屬� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賮賯胤 賲卮鬲蹖 丕夭 禺乇賵丕乇賴丕 亘賵丿賳丿
丕夭 賲賳 亘賴 賲丕
亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� 讴賴 丕夭 賲丕乇讴爻 鬲兀孬蹖乇 诏乇賮鬲賴貙 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賯丿乇鬲 噩賲毓 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱 囟毓賮 賮乇丿賴. 鬲賲丕賲 讴丕乇丕讴鬲乇賴丕蹖 丕氐賱蹖 乇卮丿 卮禺氐蹖鬲蹖鈥屫й� 丿乇 賴賲蹖賳 乇丕爻鬲丕 丿丕乇賳丿. 鬲丕賲 噩賵丿貙 卮禺氐蹖鬲 丕氐賱蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘爻蹖丕乇 禺賵丿賲丨賵乇賴 賵 亘賴 爻乇毓鬲 毓氐亘丕賳蹖 賲蹖卮賴. 賲丕 噩賵丿貙 賲丕丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴貙 丿乇 賮氐賱鈥屬囏й� 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖蹖 亘賴 賴蹖趩讴爻 噩夭 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 禺賵丿卮 賮讴乇 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 丕賲丕 賴乇 丿賵 亘毓丿 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屰� 賲氐蹖亘鬲鈥屬囏й� 亘爻蹖丕乇貙 亘賴 賲乇賵乇 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 禺賵丿卮賵賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗁嗀� 賵 爻毓蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 亘賴 賴乇 賳丨賵 亘賴 賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 丿蹖诏乇 賴賲 讴賲讴 讴賳賳丿. 賲丕丿乇 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖 讴賴 禺賵丿卮賵賳 睾匕丕蹖 夭蹖丕丿蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 亘賴 亘趩賴鈥屬囏й� 诏乇爻賳賴 讴賲蹖 睾匕丕 賲蹖丿賴 賵 鬲丕賲 丿乇 丕賳鬲賴丕 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 鬲氐賲蹖賲 亘乇丕蹖 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 亘賴 噩賲毓 賲毓鬲乇囟蹖賳 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟�
丕賲丕 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丕夭 賮乇丿诏乇丕蹖蹖 亘賴 丕夭 禺賵丿诏匕卮鬲诏蹖 亘乇丕蹖 芦乇購夭丕卮丕乇賳禄 禺賵丕賴乇 亘丕乇丿丕乇 鬲丕賲 丕鬲賮丕賯 賲蹖鈥屫з佖� 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲爻乇 噩賵丕賳卮 賵 爻乇蹖 倬乇 丕夭 丌乇夭賵賴丕蹖 卮蹖乇蹖賳 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 乇賵 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 讴賲鈥屭┵� 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 乇賵蹖 爻蹖丕賴卮 乇賵 亘賴 乇夭丕卮丕乇賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴 賵 賴乇 乇賵夭 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 乇賵蹖丕卮 乇賵 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賲蹖丿賴. 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 丿禺鬲乇 噩賵丕賳 丿乇 氐賮丨丕鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 讴鬲丕亘貙 賲馗賴乇 胤乇夭 賮讴乇 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� 賲蹖卮賴
"夭賳鈥屬囏� 乇丕丨鬲鈥屫� 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀�"
丕蹖賳 噩賵丕亘 賲丕丿乇 亘賴 倬丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿爻鬲貙 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 賲乇丿 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲 丕蹖賳 夭賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲丿蹖乇蹖鬲 賵 讴賳鬲乇賱 丕賵囟丕毓 爻禺鬲 丿乇 鬲毓噩亘賴. 賳賯卮 賲丕丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 噩賵丿 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賵 乇卮丿 卮禺氐蹖鬲卮 丕夭 噩匕丕亘鈥屫臂屬� 亘禺卮鈥屬囏� 亘賵丿. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘賴 賵囟賵丨 丿乇 噩丕賲毓賴鈥屰� 賲乇丿爻丕賱丕乇 丕賵丕蹖賱 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲賲 丿乇 丨丕賱 乇禺 丿丕丿賳賴. 丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃屬� 讴賴 賲乇丿丕賳 鬲氐賲蹖賲鈥屭屫辟嗀団€屬囏й� 丕氐賱蹖 亘乇丕蹖 爻賮乇 倬蹖卮 乇賵 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 丨鬲蹖 夭賳丕賳 丕噩丕夭賴鈥屰� 賳馗乇 丿丕丿賳 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 丕賲丕 丿乇 胤賵賱 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 爻禺鬲 卮丿賳 卮乇丕蹖胤 賵 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賲氐蹖亘鬲鈥屬囏ж� 丕蹖賳 賲丕丿乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿爻鬲 讴賴 讴賳鬲乇賱 丕賵囟丕毓 乇賵 亘賴 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟� 賵 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟�. 賲丕丿乇 讴賴 賴丿賮蹖 噩夭 夭賳丿賴 賵 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 賴賲 賳诏賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫ж� 賳丿丕乇賴貙 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱 丕蹖賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 亘夭乇诏 賳賲蹖鈥屫蹿┵嗁� 賵 亘丕 賯丿乇鬲卮 爻賮乇 乇賵 倬蹖卮 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟�
丿乇丿賽 丌卮賳丕
丕卮鬲丕蹖賳鈥屫ㄚ� 禺賵丿卮 丿乇 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賲夭乇毓賴鈥屬囏й� 讴丕賱蹖賮乇賳蹖丕 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕 丌賲丿 賵 丿乇 丕賵賳鈥屬囏� 讴丕乇 讴乇丿. 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕賳鬲卮丕乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 賵囟毓蹖鬲 賲卮賯鬲鈥屫ㄘж� 讴賲倬鈥屬囏й� 賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 乇賵夭賳丕賲賴 賲蹖鈥屬嗁堌簇� 亘賴 胤賵乇 賲丿丕賵賲 丕夭卮賵賳 亘丕夭丿蹖丿 賲蹖 讴乇丿 賵 丨鬲蹖 亘丕 賲賴丕噩乇丕賳 賴賲爻賮乇 賲蹖鈥屫簇�. 鬲賲丕賲 丕蹖賳鈥屬囏� 賲賯丿賲丕鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賳賵卮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賵丿. 亘賴 賯賵賱 禺賵丿卮 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 鬲賳賴丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 趩蹖夭蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 禺賵亘 亘賳賵蹖爻賴 讴賴 鬲丨爻蹖賳卮 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 丕夭 賳馗乇卮 丿乇 丕賵賳 夭賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 鬲丨爻蹖賳 亘乇丕賳诏蹖夭鬲乇 丕夭 卮噩丕毓鬲 賲乇丿賲 賮賯蹖乇 賳亘賵丿
丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 亘丕 鬲乇噩賲賴責 讴鬲丕亘 氐賵鬲蹖 趩蹖責
禺蹖賱蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 丕诏乇 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屫� 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 丨鬲賲丕賸 丕賳诏賱蹖爻蹖 亘禺賵賳蹖丿. 賳丨賵賴 丿蹖丕賱賵诏 賳賵蹖爻蹖 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 鈥屫ㄚ� 禺丕氐賴 賵 鬲賲丕賲 賲讴丕賱賲丕鬲 亘丕 賱賴噩賴 賵 爻亘讴 禺丕氐 诏賮鬲丕乇 賲乇丿賲 丕蹖丕賱鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 丿乇 丌賳 亘丕夭賴 夭賲丕賳蹖 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴. 賲賳 賴賲夭賲丕賳 賳爻禺賴 氐賵鬲蹖 乇賵 诏賵卮 讴乇丿賲 賵 丕夭 乇賵蹖 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丕賳丿賲. 亘賴 趩賳丿 丿賱蹖賱 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 毓丕賱蹖 亘賵丿. 丕賵賱 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丕 鬲賲乇讴夭 賵 爻乇毓鬲 亘丕賱丕鬲乇蹖 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵丕賳丿賲 賵 亘丕 丕噩乇丕蹖 賮賵賯鈥屫з勜关ж� 诏賵蹖賳丿賴貙 禺賵丕賳丿賳 噩賲賱丕鬲 亘丕 賱賴噩賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 丌爻丕賳鈥屫� 卮丿
賵 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 噩賲賱賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘乇丕賲 禺賱丕氐賴 賲蹖 讴賳賴
爻賴 鬲丕 丕夭 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賲賯丕賱丕鬲
郾鄞郯郯/鄱/鄯
February 26, 2012
In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage.
This book really gets my goat. Those poor, dirty Joads. So poor and so, so dirty. After being displaced from their Oklahoma farm following the Dust Bowl storms that wreck their crops and cause them to default on their loans, the Joads find themselves a family of migrants in search of work and food. They join a stream of hundreds of thousands of other migrant families across the United States to what they believe to be the prosperous valleys of California. Only once they arrive, they discover that there is nothing prosperous about it鈥攏ot only is there a serious shortage of work (mostly caused by an overabundance of labor that came with the influx of so many other migrant families), but they also have to contend with growing anti-migrant sentiment among the local population and wealthy landowners who think nothing of taking advantage of them in their state of vulnerability. Without proper labor laws protecting worker鈥檚 rights and no trade unions to represent their interests, the Joads are severely underpaid for whatever work they do manage to find, and they simply fall deeper and deeper into despondency.
The reason this gets my goat is 鈥榗ause it doesn鈥檛 have to be that way. Yes, the Joads are uneducated and wouldn鈥檛 qualify for anything more than basic manual labor. Yes, it is the Great Depression and this is not an easy time to find a job even for skilled workers. And yes, they are a family of 47 and they probably look pretty ridiculous all crammed up in the back of their makeshift pickup truck. But gosh darn it, if only they had unions! If only they had fair labor standards to guarantee them a minimum wage! If only they had the protection of government legislation to prohibit wealthy landowners from colluding to keep prices high and wages low!
Which leads me to wonder鈥� what would think of all this? After all, aren鈥檛 labor unions and economic regulation precisely what she argues against? By that account, if Atlas Shrugged is the supposed Bible of right-wing thinkers, then I鈥檇 have to say that The Grapes of Wrath might just be its antithesis. But the real difference, as far as I can tell, is that while Atlas Shrugged represents a crazy woman鈥檚 vision of a whack job world that could never actually exist, John Steinbeck tells it like it is, and how it was, for so many hard working Americans who were taken advantage of under a system that did nothing to protect them. And what鈥檚 even more remarkable is that Steinbeck鈥檚 characters (whom, by the way, Rand would refer to as 鈥渕oochers鈥濃€攋ust thought we should be clear on that) make Dagny Taggart and Henry Reardon look like a couple of pussies. What is it Ma Joad says? That if you鈥檙e in trouble or hurt or need, to 鈥済o to poor people鈥攆or they鈥檙e the only ones that鈥檒l help.鈥�
This is a novel about the working poor, and it should serve to remind us what can go horribly wrong in an unregulated economy.
This book really gets my goat. Those poor, dirty Joads. So poor and so, so dirty. After being displaced from their Oklahoma farm following the Dust Bowl storms that wreck their crops and cause them to default on their loans, the Joads find themselves a family of migrants in search of work and food. They join a stream of hundreds of thousands of other migrant families across the United States to what they believe to be the prosperous valleys of California. Only once they arrive, they discover that there is nothing prosperous about it鈥攏ot only is there a serious shortage of work (mostly caused by an overabundance of labor that came with the influx of so many other migrant families), but they also have to contend with growing anti-migrant sentiment among the local population and wealthy landowners who think nothing of taking advantage of them in their state of vulnerability. Without proper labor laws protecting worker鈥檚 rights and no trade unions to represent their interests, the Joads are severely underpaid for whatever work they do manage to find, and they simply fall deeper and deeper into despondency.
The reason this gets my goat is 鈥榗ause it doesn鈥檛 have to be that way. Yes, the Joads are uneducated and wouldn鈥檛 qualify for anything more than basic manual labor. Yes, it is the Great Depression and this is not an easy time to find a job even for skilled workers. And yes, they are a family of 47 and they probably look pretty ridiculous all crammed up in the back of their makeshift pickup truck. But gosh darn it, if only they had unions! If only they had fair labor standards to guarantee them a minimum wage! If only they had the protection of government legislation to prohibit wealthy landowners from colluding to keep prices high and wages low!
Which leads me to wonder鈥� what would think of all this? After all, aren鈥檛 labor unions and economic regulation precisely what she argues against? By that account, if Atlas Shrugged is the supposed Bible of right-wing thinkers, then I鈥檇 have to say that The Grapes of Wrath might just be its antithesis. But the real difference, as far as I can tell, is that while Atlas Shrugged represents a crazy woman鈥檚 vision of a whack job world that could never actually exist, John Steinbeck tells it like it is, and how it was, for so many hard working Americans who were taken advantage of under a system that did nothing to protect them. And what鈥檚 even more remarkable is that Steinbeck鈥檚 characters (whom, by the way, Rand would refer to as 鈥渕oochers鈥濃€攋ust thought we should be clear on that) make Dagny Taggart and Henry Reardon look like a couple of pussies. What is it Ma Joad says? That if you鈥檙e in trouble or hurt or need, to 鈥済o to poor people鈥攆or they鈥檙e the only ones that鈥檒l help.鈥�
This is a novel about the working poor, and it should serve to remind us what can go horribly wrong in an unregulated economy.
April 6, 2020
禺賵卮賴鈥� 賴丕蹖 禺卮賲鈥� 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 毓噩蹖亘 鬲乇蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏й� 禺賵賳丿賳賲 亘賵丿. 氐丿 氐賮丨賴 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 讴賳丿貙 禺爻鬲賴 讴賳賳丿賴 賵 爻禺鬲 诏匕卮鬲. 丕賲丕 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕夭 噩丕蹖蹖 亘賴 亘毓丿 乇賵賳丿 亘蹖 賳馗蹖乇蹖 乇賵 胤蹖 讴乇丿 亘賴 卮讴賱蹖 讴賴 丿乇 氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖蹖 丕丨爻丕爻 賲蹖讴乇丿賲 亘毓丿 丕夭 賲丿鬲鈥屬囏� 蹖讴 卮丕賴讴丕乇 禺賵賳丿賲.
芦噩丕賳 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴禄 亘丕夭鬲丕亘 亘禺卮 賲賴賲蹖 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 賵 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 倬爻 丕夭 噩賳诏 噩賴丕賳蹖 丕賵賱 乇賵 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 讴卮丕賵乇夭 丕夭 丕賴丕賱蹖 丕蹖丕賱鬲 丕賵讴賱丕賴賲丕 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖讴賳賴. 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丕蹖 讴賴 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 爻禺鬲蹖 乇賵 爻倬乇蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 鬲丕 亘鬲賵賳賳丿 噩丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賳 賵 睾匕丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵乇丿賳 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿. 亘賴 賯丿乇蹖 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕 卮賮丕賮 乇賵丕蹖鬲 卮丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丕丨爻丕爻 賲蹖讴乇丿賲 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屰� 噩賵丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳賲 賵 噩夭卅蹖 丕夭 丕賵賳賴丕 卮丿賲 賵 亘賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 乇賵丕蹖鬲 亘賴 卮丿鬲 讴賲蹖丕亘 賵 賮賵賯 丕賱毓丕丿賴 丕爻鬲.
氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 倬丕蹖丕賳蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 丨丕丿孬賴 丕蹖 鬲賲丕賲 賲蹖卮賴 讴賴 賯胤毓丕 亘賴 蹖丕丿 賲賵賳丿賳蹖賴 賵 鬲丕 賲丿鬲鈥屬囏� 丕夭 匕賴賳鬲賵賳 亘蹖乇賵賳 賳賲蹖乇賴鈥�...
芦噩丕賳 丕卮鬲丕蹖賳 亘讴禄 亘丕夭鬲丕亘 亘禺卮 賲賴賲蹖 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丌賲乇蹖讴丕 賵 乇讴賵丿 丕賯鬲氐丕丿蹖 倬爻 丕夭 噩賳诏 噩賴丕賳蹖 丕賵賱 乇賵 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屫й� 讴卮丕賵乇夭 丕夭 丕賴丕賱蹖 丕蹖丕賱鬲 丕賵讴賱丕賴賲丕 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖讴賳賴. 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 丕蹖 讴賴 乇賵夭賴丕蹖 爻禺鬲蹖 乇賵 爻倬乇蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 鬲丕 亘鬲賵賳賳丿 噩丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賳 賵 睾匕丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵乇丿賳 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿. 亘賴 賯丿乇蹖 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕 卮賮丕賮 乇賵丕蹖鬲 卮丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丕丨爻丕爻 賲蹖讴乇丿賲 丿乇 讴賳丕乇 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴鈥屰� 噩賵丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳賲 賵 噩夭卅蹖 丕夭 丕賵賳賴丕 卮丿賲 賵 亘賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 乇賵丕蹖鬲 亘賴 卮丿鬲 讴賲蹖丕亘 賵 賮賵賯 丕賱毓丕丿賴 丕爻鬲.
氐賮丨賴鈥屰� 倬丕蹖丕賳蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 丨丕丿孬賴 丕蹖 鬲賲丕賲 賲蹖卮賴 讴賴 賯胤毓丕 亘賴 蹖丕丿 賲賵賳丿賳蹖賴 賵 鬲丕 賲丿鬲鈥屬囏� 丕夭 匕賴賳鬲賵賳 亘蹖乇賵賳 賳賲蹖乇賴鈥�...
June 12, 2008
*Review contains a partial spoiler*
If you read enough reviews, you'll notice that most of the people who gave this book 1 or 2 stars had to read the book for a high school class. Most of the 4 and 5 star ratings came from those who read it as adults. I recommend listening to those who read it as adults.
Many people hate the ending, but I thought it was great. Creepy? Yes, but there was an immense amount of beauty and generosity in that creepy little ending. At one point in the story, Ma tol' Rosasharn that it ain't all about her (most high school kids think everything is all about them, which is probably one reason they couldn't enjoy this book or most other classics they are forced to read). Realizing this at the very end made Rosasharn crack her first smile in ages (at least that's my take on the mysterious smile). I wasn't disappointed in the lack of closure at the end, because the closure came in the middle when Ma said, "Rich fellas come up an' they die, an' their kids ain't no good an' they die out. But we keep a'comin'. We're the people that live. They can't wipe us out; they can't lick us. We'll go on forever, Pa, 'cause we're the people." So you know they will be fine whether life continues to be a struggle or not. They will be better off than the rich man with the million acres they talked about - "If he needs a million acres to make him feel rich, seems to me he needs it 'cause he feels awful poor inside hisself, and if he's poor in hisself, there ain't no million acres gonna make him feel rich, an' maybe he's disappointed that nothin' he can do'll make him feel rich." Another good quote is "I'm learnin' one thing good...If you're in trouble or hurt or need - go to the poor people. They're the only ones that'll help - the only ones." I saw a special on 20/20 around Christmas time about how the lower class are more generous overall than the middle and upper class, so this still applies today. Would anyone like my savings account? I think I'm going to give poverty a shot : )
If you read enough reviews, you'll notice that most of the people who gave this book 1 or 2 stars had to read the book for a high school class. Most of the 4 and 5 star ratings came from those who read it as adults. I recommend listening to those who read it as adults.
Many people hate the ending, but I thought it was great. Creepy? Yes, but there was an immense amount of beauty and generosity in that creepy little ending. At one point in the story, Ma tol' Rosasharn that it ain't all about her (most high school kids think everything is all about them, which is probably one reason they couldn't enjoy this book or most other classics they are forced to read). Realizing this at the very end made Rosasharn crack her first smile in ages (at least that's my take on the mysterious smile). I wasn't disappointed in the lack of closure at the end, because the closure came in the middle when Ma said, "Rich fellas come up an' they die, an' their kids ain't no good an' they die out. But we keep a'comin'. We're the people that live. They can't wipe us out; they can't lick us. We'll go on forever, Pa, 'cause we're the people." So you know they will be fine whether life continues to be a struggle or not. They will be better off than the rich man with the million acres they talked about - "If he needs a million acres to make him feel rich, seems to me he needs it 'cause he feels awful poor inside hisself, and if he's poor in hisself, there ain't no million acres gonna make him feel rich, an' maybe he's disappointed that nothin' he can do'll make him feel rich." Another good quote is "I'm learnin' one thing good...If you're in trouble or hurt or need - go to the poor people. They're the only ones that'll help - the only ones." I saw a special on 20/20 around Christmas time about how the lower class are more generous overall than the middle and upper class, so this still applies today. Would anyone like my savings account? I think I'm going to give poverty a shot : )
December 26, 2024
So I finally got to reading this 'Great American novel' that tells the tale of a Great Depression family being forced out of their farm by 'progress' and their arduous journey across America to the supposed land of agricultural work aplenty, California. A realist tale of the plight of the disenfranchised migrants on the road and then at the hands of the big powerful 'corporate' farmers; with as much as the tale told in the families' dialogue as by the narrator. Interesting that for years Steinbeck was labelled a socialist or a communist for what were perceived as his political views because he told this story from the disenfranchised point of view. It was the best selling book in 1939 and eaten up by the masses, despite being loathed by many of those in power.
The book felt like one everlasting ride through Hell, albeit a well written one. It's interesting that American distaste and maltreatment of migrants seems to be a constant in their history, from a nation entirely built on immigration. Steinbeck artfully depicts how for any chance of survival community is needed, at time using Christian religious imagery.
Should be worth noting that it has been well documented that Steinbeck read extensive notes from three other writers to create this work and failed to credit the woman source, , who's own similar book was then not published by Random House after Steinbeck's was on the market. Overall a 7 out of 12 Three Star read, that I feel I might have appreciated this read more if I read at an earlier age.
2024 read
The book felt like one everlasting ride through Hell, albeit a well written one. It's interesting that American distaste and maltreatment of migrants seems to be a constant in their history, from a nation entirely built on immigration. Steinbeck artfully depicts how for any chance of survival community is needed, at time using Christian religious imagery.
Should be worth noting that it has been well documented that Steinbeck read extensive notes from three other writers to create this work and failed to credit the woman source, , who's own similar book was then not published by Random House after Steinbeck's was on the market. Overall a 7 out of 12 Three Star read, that I feel I might have appreciated this read more if I read at an earlier age.
2024 read
Want to read
August 25, 2023obsessed with calling steinbeck one of my favorite authors without having read this book
May 19, 2022
The Grapes of Wrath is the kind of book that pulls you in and refuses to let go.
There鈥檚 just something completely gripping about the way the narrative begins and the way each sentence is put together, it pulls and pulls with its expertly rendered descriptions that do wonders at capturing a landscape and a people undergoing great change. I didn鈥檛 want to stop reading, but I also took the time to savour each chapter because I knew that I could only read this for the first time once. So, I stretched it out, I made it last longer than I wanted to, and for me this is one of the surest signs that I was reading a truly great novel.
There鈥檚 so much to talk about here. There鈥檚 so much brilliance to discuss and so many themes, characters and motifs that warrant reflection. But I want to keep it simple. I want to talk about the things I liked most about the writing. Firstly, I like the naturalness of it. I like the way Steinbeck鈥檚 words felt authentic and real. Now let me explain, he does wonders at capturing the essence of time and the ever-changing nature of it. And he is also remarkably talented when it comes to capturing the bigger picture.
It would be easy to talk about the plot here and what pushes the story forward, though that is just half of the power the writing possesses. Steinbeck interposes his narrative with chapters that capture the heart of a nation: they capture the essence of America and the great American dream. They help to weave together a sense of collective consciousness that establish exactly what the characters are feeling against the backdrop of the Great Depression. He is setting the scene in a way that creates a sense of what the characters and people of this time were experiencing on a large scale. And its intoxicating. It鈥檚 a storytelling device that brought the novel to life in an incandescent way.
Aside from this, reading The Grapes of Wrath from an ecocritical perspective is quite rewarding. Above all it is a novel of migration, of discovering new landscapes after mass crop death: it is a novel of changing environments and changing circumstances. It鈥檚 also about ecology, about man鈥檚 ability to continuously affect his environment in largely detrimental ways. And because of this there is a stress on social community, on working together and learning to coexist and fit into the ecosystem and society at large.
Consider me thoroughly and completely impressed. Now I knew how great Steinbeck was from reading Of Mice and Men but I never really liked the sound of any of his other novels enough to pick one up. They just didn鈥檛 sound very interesting to me, but this appeared on a list of eco-fiction reads so I was quite curious to see how it fit the genre. And it seems to me this (important) aspect of the novel is a little overlooked, though (admittedly) there are many other significant themes to consider that do dominate the narrative and take centre stage.
More Steinbeck for me in the future!
___________________________________
You can connect with me on social media via .
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There鈥檚 just something completely gripping about the way the narrative begins and the way each sentence is put together, it pulls and pulls with its expertly rendered descriptions that do wonders at capturing a landscape and a people undergoing great change. I didn鈥檛 want to stop reading, but I also took the time to savour each chapter because I knew that I could only read this for the first time once. So, I stretched it out, I made it last longer than I wanted to, and for me this is one of the surest signs that I was reading a truly great novel.
There鈥檚 so much to talk about here. There鈥檚 so much brilliance to discuss and so many themes, characters and motifs that warrant reflection. But I want to keep it simple. I want to talk about the things I liked most about the writing. Firstly, I like the naturalness of it. I like the way Steinbeck鈥檚 words felt authentic and real. Now let me explain, he does wonders at capturing the essence of time and the ever-changing nature of it. And he is also remarkably talented when it comes to capturing the bigger picture.
It would be easy to talk about the plot here and what pushes the story forward, though that is just half of the power the writing possesses. Steinbeck interposes his narrative with chapters that capture the heart of a nation: they capture the essence of America and the great American dream. They help to weave together a sense of collective consciousness that establish exactly what the characters are feeling against the backdrop of the Great Depression. He is setting the scene in a way that creates a sense of what the characters and people of this time were experiencing on a large scale. And its intoxicating. It鈥檚 a storytelling device that brought the novel to life in an incandescent way.
Aside from this, reading The Grapes of Wrath from an ecocritical perspective is quite rewarding. Above all it is a novel of migration, of discovering new landscapes after mass crop death: it is a novel of changing environments and changing circumstances. It鈥檚 also about ecology, about man鈥檚 ability to continuously affect his environment in largely detrimental ways. And because of this there is a stress on social community, on working together and learning to coexist and fit into the ecosystem and society at large.
Consider me thoroughly and completely impressed. Now I knew how great Steinbeck was from reading Of Mice and Men but I never really liked the sound of any of his other novels enough to pick one up. They just didn鈥檛 sound very interesting to me, but this appeared on a list of eco-fiction reads so I was quite curious to see how it fit the genre. And it seems to me this (important) aspect of the novel is a little overlooked, though (admittedly) there are many other significant themes to consider that do dominate the narrative and take centre stage.
More Steinbeck for me in the future!
___________________________________
You can connect with me on social media via .
__________________________________
October 9, 2016
Me ha encantado. Ganadora del Pulitzer en 1940 (no me extra帽a nada) y terriblemente pol茅mica. Con la industrializaci贸n masiva de la agricultura, sus enormes costos e inversiones, millones de agricultores quedaron en la m谩s absoluta ruina. Un drama sobre la emigraci贸n, la miseria, la explotaci贸n humana. La eterna b煤squeda de la felicidad (驴no vamos todos tras ella?) y el para铆so, el ed茅n; en este caso California. Una tierra de la que supuestamente mana leche y miel. Pero la familia Joad, igual de tozuda que la tortuga simb贸lica que aparece varias veces, se da de bruces con la realidad. Despu茅s de un viaje plagado de obst谩culos California no es lo que esperaban. 驴Y d贸nde est谩 el sue帽o americano? Aunque quiero dejarlo claro, esta novela no es un "panfleto comunista" como la tildaron muchos en su momento. Es un libro que habla sobre los derechos fundamentales de los seres humanos: comida, un techo, trabajo. La familia Joad solo busca trabajo y vivir en una casita humilde. El viaje no solo afecta f铆sicamente a los personajes, sino que remueve sus conciencias. Especial menci贸n a la Madre (con may煤sculas) pues es el pilar de la familia. Los mantiene unidos, sabe que solo se tienen a ellos mismos y aguanta cualquier cosa sin derrumbarse. No deja que en su rostro se refleje ni la preocupaci贸n ni el agotamiento, tirando de absolutamente todos los miembros de la familia. El final se cierra con broche de oro mediante un gesto que mezcla miseria y esperanza.
February 11, 2022
Why I chose to read this book:
1. This book has always intrigued me ever since I was a kid, seeing it on my parents' bookshelf, so I added it to my WTR list about two years ago;
2. I pushed it up that List after reading by a few months ago (I highly recommend her novel for the atmospheric descriptions of the unrelenting dust storms); and,
3. February is "Classics Month" for me!
Note: This book may appeal to readers who have some background knowledge of the Great Depression, specifically of the Dust Bowl and migration of American farmers to California.
Positives:
1. The character-development in this novel is its strong suit! As I traveled along with the Joad family, migrant farmers (Okies) from the Dust Bowl to the Land of Milk and Honey, I cheered for Ma Joad and her no-nonsense attitude and shook my head in frustration over son, Al's one-track mind. I was awestruck by the times they gladly helped out others, even though they had very little of their own to share. Likeable or not, if you were living in close quarters with another family for several months, their personalities would grate on your nerves as well;
2. Such descriptive realism! I could vividly picture every scene and appreciated the authentic dialogue; and,
3. If you prefer <300-page books, then don't read this novel! The first 200 pages focuses on the actual journey from Oklahoma to California, whereas the final 200 pages depicts this family's life in California. Although the plot is slow-going, I savored all the successes and issues they encountered along the way.
Niggles:
1. Although Steinbeck gives a detailed account of a typical migrant's journey to California and the hardships awaiting them there, I wish he wrote a more descriptive setting re: the dust storms these Midwestern families faced; and,
2. What was Steinbeck thinking with that ending? I know that several readers really liked that part, but I have issues when a strong realistic story strays into massive symbolism in the last paragraph! I don't think Steinbeck understands women that well if he thinks any woman would do what Rose of Sharon did! Eww! 馃あ To me, her actions just didn't make sense!
Overall, I had empathy for the hopes and dreams the Joads had along their journey and understood that when those hopes were dashed, it only led to despair and anger (wrath). Unfortunately, this story has been, and continues to be, relevant today.
1. This book has always intrigued me ever since I was a kid, seeing it on my parents' bookshelf, so I added it to my WTR list about two years ago;
2. I pushed it up that List after reading by a few months ago (I highly recommend her novel for the atmospheric descriptions of the unrelenting dust storms); and,
3. February is "Classics Month" for me!
Note: This book may appeal to readers who have some background knowledge of the Great Depression, specifically of the Dust Bowl and migration of American farmers to California.
Positives:
1. The character-development in this novel is its strong suit! As I traveled along with the Joad family, migrant farmers (Okies) from the Dust Bowl to the Land of Milk and Honey, I cheered for Ma Joad and her no-nonsense attitude and shook my head in frustration over son, Al's one-track mind. I was awestruck by the times they gladly helped out others, even though they had very little of their own to share. Likeable or not, if you were living in close quarters with another family for several months, their personalities would grate on your nerves as well;
2. Such descriptive realism! I could vividly picture every scene and appreciated the authentic dialogue; and,
3. If you prefer <300-page books, then don't read this novel! The first 200 pages focuses on the actual journey from Oklahoma to California, whereas the final 200 pages depicts this family's life in California. Although the plot is slow-going, I savored all the successes and issues they encountered along the way.
Niggles:
1. Although Steinbeck gives a detailed account of a typical migrant's journey to California and the hardships awaiting them there, I wish he wrote a more descriptive setting re: the dust storms these Midwestern families faced; and,
2. What was Steinbeck thinking with that ending? I know that several readers really liked that part, but I have issues when a strong realistic story strays into massive symbolism in the last paragraph! I don't think Steinbeck understands women that well if he thinks any woman would do what Rose of Sharon did! Eww! 馃あ To me, her actions just didn't make sense!
Overall, I had empathy for the hopes and dreams the Joads had along their journey and understood that when those hopes were dashed, it only led to despair and anger (wrath). Unfortunately, this story has been, and continues to be, relevant today.
September 21, 2021
Blood, frogs, lice, flies, pestilence, boils, storms, locusts, darkness, and death. These were the plagues the Lord clamped onto Egypt (Exodus, 7-10). And these plagues triggered the migration of the people of Israel into the wilderness. After spending forty years in the desert, they finally reached the 鈥渓and of milk and honey鈥�. More plights and perils were awaiting them there.
Some three thousand years later, on another continent across the ocean, a people of farmers went through a similar ordeal once again. And this is how John Steinbeck elevated the story of the impoverished sharecroppers from the Dust Bowl region during the Great Depression to the level of an epic voyage, comparable to the Exodus or the Odyssey. Like the Israelites of yore, these Oklahomans were forced, by drought and economic hardship, to leave their land and travel down the Road 66 to a new 鈥減romised land鈥�, a new Canaan named California.
The Grapes of Wrath is a re-interpretation of the Bible in yet another way. A few characters are, indeed, sometimes very explicitly, Christlike figures. Compare Casy鈥檚 鈥淵ou don鈥� know what you鈥檙e a-doin鈥�.鈥� (Penguin Modern Classics paperback, p. 386) with Luke 23,34. Compare Tom鈥檚 鈥淚鈥檒l be there鈥� (p. 419) with Matthew 18,20. Even the title is a quote from the Apocalypse of John 14,19. And the whole novel is the story of a people looking for redemption and a new land, which they may or may not find on this Earth鈥�
Further still, one could argue that Steinbeck is also retelling some of the canonical works of 19th-century literature. In a sense, The Grapes of Wrath is the American version of : Tom Joad is the Jean Valjean of the New World, and the corporate farmers of 1930s California are just as awful as the police and army of 1830s Paris. In brief, Steinbeck鈥檚 novel is the paragon of the 鈥淕reat American Novel鈥�; a multi-layered narrative that lends itself, like the Bible, to a typological reading on different levels.
At any rate, despite its epic or mythical dimension, Steinbeck鈥檚 writing is anything but lofty. On the contrary, it conveys people鈥檚 mindset and daily struggles, their constant concern for simple material things: the state of disrepair of their car and how they manage to fix a flat tire, the need to put bread on the table and the recipe they use to make fried dough, the toilet flush and lack of loo roll. The narrator describes these things with meticulous precision 鈥� a technique typical of survival literature, from Defoe鈥檚 to McCarthy鈥檚 . More could be said about the characterisation and the deft and consistent use of dialect and turns of phrases of the people of Oklahoma 鈥� this also harks back to and 鈥檚 novels.
The Grapes of Wrath is also, among many other things, a compelling political manifesto. The novel鈥檚 structure oscillates between classic narrative chapters (the Joads鈥� story) and discursive, slightly outraged lectures whereby Steinbeck examines the causes and effects of the Southern migration (from a Marxist point of view). Namely, the rising mechanisation and automation of agricultural labour and the constant push for higher corporate profits and lower individual wages.
In short, the terrifying 鈥減illars of fire鈥� of ancient Israel are now replaced by the dehumanising 鈥渋nvisible hand鈥� of modern capitalism: a vast network of socio-economic forces that engirdles the whole of Western civilisation. In the end, forced migrations, people trying to flee wars, persecution, deprivation and starvation, unsanitary refugee camps, combined exploitation and hatred of incoming migrants, viewed as subhuman in their new 鈥渓and of milk and honey鈥� 鈥� all this is as real as ever today, in many parts of the world. All of which makes Steinbeck鈥檚 novel as essential as ever.
The 1940 film adaptation is, for the most part, faithful to Steinbeck鈥檚 plot and dramatic tone, except for the final section 鈥� notably, the bleak and slightly disturbing motif of the Caritas Romana at the end of the novel is absent from the film. Nonetheless, it is one of John Ford鈥檚 finest movies. Steinbeck鈥檚 novel also influenced many other works of fiction, from Stephen King鈥檚 to Christopher Nolan鈥檚 .
Some three thousand years later, on another continent across the ocean, a people of farmers went through a similar ordeal once again. And this is how John Steinbeck elevated the story of the impoverished sharecroppers from the Dust Bowl region during the Great Depression to the level of an epic voyage, comparable to the Exodus or the Odyssey. Like the Israelites of yore, these Oklahomans were forced, by drought and economic hardship, to leave their land and travel down the Road 66 to a new 鈥減romised land鈥�, a new Canaan named California.
The Grapes of Wrath is a re-interpretation of the Bible in yet another way. A few characters are, indeed, sometimes very explicitly, Christlike figures. Compare Casy鈥檚 鈥淵ou don鈥� know what you鈥檙e a-doin鈥�.鈥� (Penguin Modern Classics paperback, p. 386) with Luke 23,34. Compare Tom鈥檚 鈥淚鈥檒l be there鈥� (p. 419) with Matthew 18,20. Even the title is a quote from the Apocalypse of John 14,19. And the whole novel is the story of a people looking for redemption and a new land, which they may or may not find on this Earth鈥�
Further still, one could argue that Steinbeck is also retelling some of the canonical works of 19th-century literature. In a sense, The Grapes of Wrath is the American version of : Tom Joad is the Jean Valjean of the New World, and the corporate farmers of 1930s California are just as awful as the police and army of 1830s Paris. In brief, Steinbeck鈥檚 novel is the paragon of the 鈥淕reat American Novel鈥�; a multi-layered narrative that lends itself, like the Bible, to a typological reading on different levels.
At any rate, despite its epic or mythical dimension, Steinbeck鈥檚 writing is anything but lofty. On the contrary, it conveys people鈥檚 mindset and daily struggles, their constant concern for simple material things: the state of disrepair of their car and how they manage to fix a flat tire, the need to put bread on the table and the recipe they use to make fried dough, the toilet flush and lack of loo roll. The narrator describes these things with meticulous precision 鈥� a technique typical of survival literature, from Defoe鈥檚 to McCarthy鈥檚 . More could be said about the characterisation and the deft and consistent use of dialect and turns of phrases of the people of Oklahoma 鈥� this also harks back to and 鈥檚 novels.
The Grapes of Wrath is also, among many other things, a compelling political manifesto. The novel鈥檚 structure oscillates between classic narrative chapters (the Joads鈥� story) and discursive, slightly outraged lectures whereby Steinbeck examines the causes and effects of the Southern migration (from a Marxist point of view). Namely, the rising mechanisation and automation of agricultural labour and the constant push for higher corporate profits and lower individual wages.
In short, the terrifying 鈥減illars of fire鈥� of ancient Israel are now replaced by the dehumanising 鈥渋nvisible hand鈥� of modern capitalism: a vast network of socio-economic forces that engirdles the whole of Western civilisation. In the end, forced migrations, people trying to flee wars, persecution, deprivation and starvation, unsanitary refugee camps, combined exploitation and hatred of incoming migrants, viewed as subhuman in their new 鈥渓and of milk and honey鈥� 鈥� all this is as real as ever today, in many parts of the world. All of which makes Steinbeck鈥檚 novel as essential as ever.
The 1940 film adaptation is, for the most part, faithful to Steinbeck鈥檚 plot and dramatic tone, except for the final section 鈥� notably, the bleak and slightly disturbing motif of the Caritas Romana at the end of the novel is absent from the film. Nonetheless, it is one of John Ford鈥檚 finest movies. Steinbeck鈥檚 novel also influenced many other works of fiction, from Stephen King鈥檚 to Christopher Nolan鈥檚 .
August 3, 2024
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