欧宝娱乐

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賳賮胤 丕賱丿賲: 丕賱胤睾丕丞 賵丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱賯賵丕毓丿 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨賰賲 丕賱毓丕賱賲

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賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱賲鬲卮丕亘賰貙 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿 丕賱乇兀爻賲丕賱賷 丕賱賲鬲噩丕賵夭 賱賱丨丿賵丿貙 賴賱 賳爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱鬲賷賯賳 兀賳賳丕 賱丕 賳卮丕乇賰 亘噩乇丕卅賲 囟丿賾 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷丞 亘賲噩乇丿 卮乇丕亍 爻賱毓丞 兀賵 丕爻鬲禺丿丕賲 賲賳鬲噩責 .. 賲孬賱丕賸 毓賳丿賲丕 賳囟毓 丕賱賵賯賵丿 賮賷 丕賱爻賷丕乇丞 賮賳丨賳 亘匕賱賰 賯丿 賳丿毓賲 卮乇賰丕鬲 丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱賷丞 賮賷 兀賲乇賷賰丕 丕賱賱丕鬲賷賳賷丞 鬲毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賶 鬲卮睾賷賱 兀胤賮丕賱 賮賷 賲毓丕賲賱 丕賱鬲賰乇賷乇.. 賵丨賷賳 鬲卮鬲乇賷 丕賲乇兀丞 禺丕鬲賲丕賸 賲賳 丕賱兀賱賲丕爻 賮賴賷 乇亘賲丕 鬲爻丕賳丿 賲丕賮賷丕鬲 賮賷 兀賮乇賷賯賷丕 鬲購爻賷胤乇 亘丕賱賯賵丞 毓賱賶 賲賳丕噩賲 丕賱兀賱賲丕爻 賵鬲購卮睾賾賱 丕賱毓賲丕賱 亘丕賱爻禺乇丞 賵鬲丨鬲 丕賱鬲賴丿賷丿 .. 賵丨賷賳 賳卮鬲乇賷 噩賴丕夭 兀賷賮賵賳 賮賳丨賳 賳購毓馗賾賲 賲賳 兀乇亘丕丨 賳馗丕賲 丕爻鬲亘丿丕丿賷 賯賲毓賷 賮賷 丕賱氐賷賳 鬲丿賮毓 賱賴 卮乇賰丞 兀亘賱 -丕賱鬲賷 鬲氐賳毓 兀噩賴夭鬲賴丕 賴賳丕賰- 囟乇賷亘丞 囟禺賲丞.

丨賵賱 賴匕賴 丕賱賲賵囟賵毓 丕賱賲毓賯賾丿 賵丕賱賲乇亘賰 賰鬲亘 賱賷賮 賵賷賳丕乇 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱囟禺賲 賵丕賱賲賴賲貙 賵卮乇丨 賮賷賴 賮賰乇鬲賴 丨賵賱 "爻賱丕爻賱 丕賱廿賲丿丕丿"貙 賵賰賷賮 兀賳賳丕 賲爻丕賴賲賵賳 乇卅賷爻賵賳 賮賷 鬲賰乇賷爻 丕賱賮賯乇 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱丕爻鬲亘丿丕丿 賵丕賱丕爻鬲毓亘丕丿 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱毓丕賱賲 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賳卮毓乇貨 賱兀賳賾 賲毓馗賲 丕賱賲賵丕丿 丕賱禺丕賲 賵丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱胤亘賷毓賷丞 賵丕賱賲賳丕噩賲 賵丕賱賲氐丕賳毓 丕賱鬲賷 鬲毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賶 丕賱毓賲丕賱丞 丕賱乇禺賷氐丞 賲賵噩賵丿丞 賮賷 亘賱丿丕賳 賮賯賷乇丞 兀賵 睾賷乇 丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞 賵鬲賴賷賲賳 毓賱賷賴丕 賲丕賮賷丕鬲 丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷丞貙 賵丕賱睾乇亘 賷毓鬲賲丿 賮賷 氐賳丕毓丕鬲賴 賵丕爻鬲賴賱丕賰賴 毓賱賶 丕賱丕爻鬲賷乇丕丿 賲賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賷囟毓 兀賷賻賾 賲毓丕賷賷乇 兀禺賱丕賯賷丞 毓賱賶 毓賲賱賷丞 丕賱廿賳鬲丕噩.

賷賯賵賱 賵賷賳丕乇 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賴 廿賳 丕賯鬲氐丕丿 丕賱毓丕賱賲 賷賯賵賲 丕賱賷賵賲 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷購卮亘賴 丕賱賲賯丕賷囟丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱亘賷毓 賵丕賱卮乇丕亍貙 賮賱匕賱賰 賲胤賱賵亘賹 賲賳賰 -毓賲賱賷丕賸- 賰賷 鬲丨氐賱 毓賱賶 噩賴丕夭 廿賳匕丕乇 賱賲賳夭賱賰貙 兀賳 鬲丿賮毓 賯賷賲丞 卮毓賱丞 爻鬲賵賯丿 丕賱賳丕乇 賮賷 孬賱丕孬丞 兀賰賵丕禺 亘賲賳 賮賷賴丕 賲賳 毓丕卅賱丕鬲貙 賵丨賷賳 鬲卮鬲乇賷 賱毓亘丞賸 賱胤賮賱賰 賮兀賳鬲 鬲丿賮毓 賲賯丕亘賱賴丕 孬賲賳 亘賳丿賯賷丞 爻鬲購爻鬲禺丿賲 賮賷 丕賱賴噩賵賲 毓賱賶 賲禺賷賲 賱丕噩卅賷賳貙 賵丨賷賳 鬲賲賱兀 禺夭丕賳 爻賷丕乇鬲賰 亘丕賱賵賯賵丿 賮兀賳鬲 鬲丿賮毓 乇賵丕鬲亘 爻噩賾丕賳賷賳 賮賷 賲毓鬲賯賱 爻賷丕爻賷 亘卮毓貙 賵毓賳丿賲丕 鬲卮鬲乇賷 鬲賷 卮賷乇鬲 (T.Shirt) 賮兀賳鬲 鬲賯丿賾賲 賲賯丕亘賱賴 爻鬲丞 兀氐賮丕丿 亘賱丕爻鬲賷賰賷丞 爻鬲購爻鬲禺丿賲 賮賷 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 賲鬲馗丕賴乇賷賳 賷購胤丕賱亘賵賳 亘丕賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 賵兀賳 丕賱賳丕爻 丨賷賳 賷購卮毓賱賵賳 丕賱鬲丿賮卅丞 賮賷 兀賵乇賵亘丕 賷賯賵賲賵賳 賮賷 丕賱賵賯鬲 匕丕鬲賴 亘鬲賱賵賷孬 賳賴乇 丕賱賳賷噩乇.

賯丿賾賲 丕賱賲丐賱賾賮 毓乇囟丕賸 乇氐丿賷丕賸 賵鬲丨賱賷賱賷丕賸 賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱賵囟毓 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賮賷 兀賴賲賾 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱鬲賷 鬲囟賲賾 賲禺夭賵賳丕鬲 囟禺賲丞 賲賳 丕賱賳賮胤 賵丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱胤亘賷毓賷丞貙 賵賰匕賱賰 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲孬賾賱 丕賱亘賷卅丞 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷丞 丕賱兀賯賱 賰賱賮丞 賱鬲兀爻賷爻 丕賱賲氐丕賳毓 賵丕賱卮乇賰丕鬲 賵鬲卮睾賷賱賴丕貙 賵丕爻鬲毓乇囟 丨噩賲 丕賱丕賳鬲賴丕賰丕鬲 賵丕賱丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱賲賳馗賲丞 賵睾賷丕亘 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱鬲賷 鬲氐丕丨亘 毓賲賱賷丞 丕賱廿賳鬲丕噩貙 孬賲賾 卮乇丨 賰賷賮 兀賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱 賴賷 丕賱賲夭賵賽賾丿 丕賱乇卅賷爻 賱賱睾乇亘 亘丕賱賲賳鬲噩丕鬲 賵丕賱亘囟丕卅毓 賵丕賱賲賵丕丿 丕賱禺丕賲 丕賱鬲賷 賷爻鬲賵乇丿賴丕 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賳 賷囟毓 兀賷 賯賷賵丿 兀賵 丕卮鬲乇丕胤丕鬲 兀禺賱丕賯賷丞 賵賯丕賳賵賳賷丞 鬲購爻丕毓丿 毓賱賶 鬲丨爻賷賳 馗乇賵賮 丕賱毓丕賲賱賷賳 賵鬲丨賮馗 丕賱丨丿 丕賱兀丿賳賶 賲賳 丨賯賵賯賴賲貙 孬賲 賯丿賾賲 賳馗乇賷丞 鬲賮氐賷賱賷丞 賴賷 兀卮亘賴 亘賲卮乇賵毓 毓賲賱賷 賲鬲賰丕賲賱 賵賲購亘賴乇 賱丨賱賾 賴匕賴 丕賱丨丕賱丞 丕賱賲乇賰亘丞貙 鬲毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賶 賯賵丕賳賷賳 賵兀賳馗賲丞 -鬲鬲亘賳丕賴丕 丕賱丿賵賱 賵賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賲丿賳賷 賵丕賱兀賮乇丕丿- 鬲購卮乇賾毓 賵鬲乇爻賾禺 賲乇丕爻賷賲 "丕賱鬲噩丕乇丞 丕賱賳馗賷賮丞" 丕賱鬲賷 爻鬲購爻賴賲 賲賳 賳丕丨賷丞 賮賷 丕賱囟睾胤 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賵丕賱賯丕賳賵賳賷 毓賱賶 丿賵賱 "丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱胤亘賷毓賷丞 賵賲氐丕賳毓 丕賱廿賳鬲丕噩" 賲賳 兀噩賱 鬲丨爻賷賳 馗乇賵賮賴丕 丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞 毓賱賶 賲爻鬲賵賶 丕賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賵丕賱丨乇賷丕鬲 賵丕賱賵囟毓 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賵丕賱廿氐賱丕丨 丕賱賯丕賳賵賳賷 賵丕賱毓丿丕賱丞 丕賱噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 賵鬲賵賮賷乇 亘賷卅丕鬲 毓賲賱 毓丕丿賱丞 賵賳馗賷賮丞貙 賵賲賳 賳丕丨賷丞 兀禺乇賶 賴賷 鬲氐購亘 兀賷囟丕賸 賮賷 賲氐賱丨丞 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓丕鬲 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞 賵丕爻鬲賯乇丕乇賴丕 毓賱賶 丕賱賲丿賶 丕賱胤賵賷賱.

624 pages, Hardcover

First published January 2, 2016

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About the author

Leif Wenar

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Profile Image for Mishari.
226 reviews126 followers
February 22, 2019
鈥徺娯坟必� 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 爻丐丕賱 賲乇賰夭賷 毓賳 賲爻丕賴賲丞 丕賱賲爻鬲賴賱賰賷賳 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 爻賱丕爻賱 丕賱廿賲丿丕丿 賵丕賱毓賵賱賲丞 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷丞 貙 賮賷 鬲賰乇賷爻 丕賱爻賱胤賵賷丞 賵丕賱賮賯乇 賵丕賱丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱鬲賱賵孬 貙 賵鬲賲賵賷賱賴丕 賮賷 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲氐丿乇丞 丕賱賳賮胤 .
丕賱賰丕鬲亘 亘匕賱 噩賴丿 賰亘賷乇 賮賷 鬲賵孬賷賯 賵鬲丨賱賷賱 賵囟毓賷丞 賵鬲兀孬賷乇 丕賱賳賮胤 毓賱賶 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 賮賷 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲氐丿乇丞 賱賴 賵賲丿賶 鬲卮丕亘賰賴 賲毓 亘丕賯賷 丿賵賱 丕賱毓丕賱賲 貙 丨賷孬 胤乇丨 爻丐丕賱 兀禺賱丕賯賷-賯丕賳賵賳賷 乇氐賷賳 毓賳 賲丿賶 賳馗丕賮丞 丕賱鬲噩丕乇丞 賵丕賱丕爻鬲賴賱丕賰 貙 賱賰賳 賲丕 賱賮鬲 賳馗乇賷 賴賵 丕賱亘乇丕丿賷睾賲 - 丕賱賳賲賵匕噩 丕賱丕丿乇丕賰賷 - 丕賱鬲賳賵賷乇賷 丕賱睾乇亘賵賷 丕賱匕賷 賷賳胤賱賯 賲賳賴 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 貙 丨賷孬 丨賵賱 丕賱睾乇亘 丕賱賲爻鬲賴賱賰 賱賱賳賮胤 賰賲噩乇丿 囟丨賷丞 賵賲卮丕乇賰 亘丕爻鬲賴賱丕賰賴 賮賯胤 貙 賵鬲噩丕賴賱 賰賲丕 賰丕賳 賵丕囟丨賸丕 - 賵廿賳 匕賰乇賴 毓賱賶 毓噩丕賱丞 賵亘卮賰賱 噩丕賳亘賷 - 賲丿賶 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱賳賮胤 賵丕賳鬲丕噩賴 亘丕賱賴賷賲賳丞 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞 貙 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賷胤賲丨 賱鬲噩丕乇丞 賳馗賷賮丞 賱賰賳 噩毓賱 丕賱兀丿賵丕鬲 亘賷丿 丕賱睾乇亘 丕賱賲爻鬲賴賱賰 賵丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱丿賵賱賷 丕賱匕賷 賷鬲亘毓賴 亘丕賱囟乇賵乇丞 賵賱丕 賷亘丿賵 兀賳賴 賷毓賷 賲丿賶 鬲兀孬賷乇 匕賱賰 貙 丨賷孬 賱賲 賷賰賱賮 賳賮爻賴 亘爻丐丕賱 賲丕 毓賱丕賯丞 丕賱睾乇亘 亘賰賱 賴匕丕 貙 賵噩毓賱 丕賱爻賱胤賵賷丞 賵丕賱廿噩乇丕賲 賵丕賱兀賵賱賷睾丕乇卮賷丕鬲 賲噩乇丿 毓賵丕賲賱 丿丕禺賱賷丞 賲丨囟丞 亘丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱孬丕賱孬 鬲丿賷賲 賳賮爻賴丕 亘賳賮爻賴丕 貙 賲鬲噩丕賴賱賸丕 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 丕賱胤亘賷毓賷丞 賵賱毓賳鬲賴丕 亘丕賱毓丕賲賱 丕賱丕爻鬲毓賲丕乇賷 .
兀禺賷乇賸丕 貨 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 兀噩丕丿 賮賷 胤乇丨 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賵乇氐丿 賴匕賷 丕賱兀夭賲丞 賵兀噩丕丿 鬲賵孬賷賯賴丕 亘卮賰賱 賲賴賲 噩丿賸丕 貙 賱賰賳賴 賱賲 賷毓賷 兀賳 丕賱噩賵丕亘 丕賱匕賷 胤乇丨賴 亘賱 丨鬲賶 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賲禺鬲賱 賲賳 丨賷孬 亘賳賷鬲賴 賵賲賳胤賯賴 貙 丨賷孬 鬲噩丕賴賱 兀賳賴 亘賳賶 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賵丕賱噩賵丕亘 亘卮賰賱 賲鬲賲乇賰夭 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲兀孬賷乇 賵丕賱丕爻鬲賴賱丕賰 賵丕賱爻賱胤丞 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞 貙 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳鬲 賴賷 丕賱噩夭亍 丕賱賲丐爻爻 賱賴匕賷 丕賱兀夭賲丞 !
丕賳氐丨 亘賯乇丕亍丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 乇睾賲 丕賱丕卮賰丕賱賷丕鬲 賴匕賴
Profile Image for Jason.
25 reviews
February 22, 2016
Many of the modern world's natural resources are extracted by strong-man regimes which effectively steal them from their citizens. When we buy stuff made from them, we become complicit in tyranny, but doing without them isn't an option. What should we do?

Most books on this subject either shoot for ridiculously impractical utopian absolutes, or declare the modern world a total ethical disaster and wallow in self-pity that leaves no path for improvement. Wenar focuses on how far we've come in the past two centuries in countering "might makes right" politics, and shows how we can extend that progress to solve the resource ethics problem.

In seeing both the good and bad of the modern world, and rejecting both the complacent status quo and utopian idealism, he may anger people who read only half his argument, but that's on them. His proposed solution is both a shockingly extreme response and an "art of the possible" half-measure, which points out how far from a moral system of trade we are today.

His proposal is refreshingly realistic about the limitations of global politics. He sees that no problem can be solved by demanding unanimity among world powers, so we must do what we can as individual nations. But as I do think he underestimates just how sneaky global resource trade can be: he does his best to plug the leaks, but there are still some holes remaining. But a leaky boat is better than an imaginary one.
Profile Image for Ryan.
47 reviews3 followers
July 4, 2018
Puts the resource (mainly oil) problem in modern context. I enjoyed learning about Africa's and Arabia's relation to the West through oil. Although I was aware that the West was not innocent, it becomes harder to ignore when you learn details.

The second half gets more into political and philosophical prescription to remedy the issues.

Wenar is optimistic even though it's hard to envision a world where we get resources without doing harm. I especially enjoyed learning that the British fought the slave trade for about 60 years during the 1800s at great cost. Back then no one believed it was realistic that plantations would shut down. Yet people did make it happen. Patience is the key. Eventually the time for positive change arrives.
Profile Image for Raya Al-Raddadi.
107 reviews44 followers
November 18, 2016
The author attempts to place morality at the core of global trade in natural resources, showing how the majority of petroleum producing countries are ruthlessly authoritarian that steal the resource revenues from their own citizens. With historical and philosophical dimensions, the book shows how the global trade in natural resources with the 鈥渕ight is right鈥� regimes comes (ALWAYS) at a human cost. Therefore, the last two chapters offers a proposal to end the Western exploitation of natural resources from corrupt regimes through adopting a 鈥淐lean Trade Act.鈥� The author is not explicitly advocating an imposition of western-style democracy, yet his idea of "Clean Trade Act" as the West buys resources from places where people have given their assent (but how can "the West" knows that?) is somehow confusing. While his proposal to boycott dictatorships might seem far-fetched, it worths considering a new morality in global commerce and adding to the new growing body of work about the subject of "the resource curse."
Profile Image for Sue Wallace .
7,034 reviews117 followers
February 7, 2016
I received this as an arc from net galley in exchange for an honest review.
Throughout the world, resource - rich countries are plagued by tyranny, violence, and corruption with precious few exceptions, the political elites in such nations control natural resources, which are often the primary - and sometimes the only -' source of wealthy generation.
This wasn't what I thought it would be.
Although I have read the whole book it was slow and I nearly gave up.
But I kept going.
This will only get a 3*.
Profile Image for Brian Lutz.
56 reviews6 followers
March 18, 2017
"At your best, you are conditionally trusting, and unconditionally trustworthy. Hard-headed and soft-hearted, a pessimist of intelligence and an optimist of will. You reach confidently across boundaries to join energies with others so that together you are stronger and free. You are powerful and counter-powerful. You are connective. You should rule the world."

Hell yeah I should.
Profile Image for Andrew Obrigewitsch.
951 reviews155 followers
May 20, 2017
This book is a great philosophical and moral look at at resource exploitation. It goes into great detail on how it affects the peoples of nations which are being exploited as well as the rest of the world.

The other gives many great solutions to fix this problem which is actually far ore profound than one would at first imagine.
Profile Image for Maria Gabriella.
298 reviews1 follower
November 6, 2016
Excellent listening, although somehow difficult at times. It definitely taught me a lot on the relationship between power and resources. I feel this book should be a compulsory read in schools, it could show the young generations how to change this world.
285 reviews8 followers
February 1, 2017
Ramps up the usual analysis by economists of natural resource curse and puts it on steroids. Very timely given the current rise of populist nationalism and protectionism; as countries rethink their trade arrangements, clean trade can be part of the new mix. Cites Rousseau's arguments that enlightenment driven capitalism has a built in contradiction: People are promised the moon, but see things they can't afford to buy, places they can't afford to visit. This leads to frustrations and self delusions. The populists take this argument and focus on loss of jobs from trade, omitting that consumers benefit from low prices. Wenar focuses on the contradiction between our values of human rights, and the reality that our trade practices benefit the worst dictators and militia leaders, and finance beheadings and child soldiers.

The resource curse is like addiction to alcohol or drugs. A few can handle it -- Churchill and Kennedy could handle drinks and drugs for instance. Norway and Botswana can handle oil/gas and diamonds due to strong cultural and political features that were there when they started mining their resources. But most countries don't do well; the resources are taken by strong man, protected by combination of violence and clientalism, and by the complicity of countries that import the resources. The richest resource based states also give back some in public goods, but the poorer ones give back little, sometimes as a matter of policy not to strengthen a public that could rise up, which derives from Rousseau's advice to kings two centuries ago.

But there is hope: just as Slavery, colonialism and apartheid were wiped out, so can theft of resources. Starts with awareness that buying stuff from autocrats is buying property they have effectively stolen from citizens. This is supported by international consensus based on Westphalia treaty that might makes right, and the one that has effective control over resources has the property rights, but contradicts our practices to oppose slavery, colonialism and apartheid, and is against the Universal Declaration of Human Rights calling for the popular authorization of natural resource use. Just as we have sanctions on trade for various reasons with some count, we could sanction resource trades with autocrats and rebel militias by adopting a Clean Trade Act and other related measures to promote popular resource sovereignty. Hard to to do with everything, since supply chains are not always obvious. huge potential benefits in potentially reducing Us and NAto military spending as nasty regimes and militias get less funding. There will also be costs, but Britain paid 2 percent of national income for 60 years to end slavery, and did it because it is right. Drawing on the history of brave antislavery proponents and others, lots could be done to reign in oil fueled tyrants.

Profile Image for HoneyBunny.
35 reviews1 follower
December 22, 2024
Rating: 4.5/5 stars

Leif Wenar's Blood Oil is a thought-provoking and well-researched exploration of oil, politics, and morality. The author demonstrates an impressive depth of knowledge on these topics, and I found many of his arguments and perspectives compelling. For readers who want to dive deeply into the ethical and political dimensions of the oil industry, this book offers plenty of insight.

That said, the author鈥檚 personality does affect the reading experience. Wenar鈥檚 optimism sometimes veers into naivety, and his perspective is so distinctly American that it may irritate readers from outside the U.S. Despite this, his philosophical musings about oil and its impact on the world remain engaging and are worth exploring.

Overall, Blood Oil is a solid read for anyone interested in the intersection of oil, ethics, and global politics. While there are a few personal elements that detract from the book for me, I would still highly recommend it.
Profile Image for 毓亘丿 丕賱賲賵賲賳.
114 reviews7 followers
October 3, 2023
賰鬲丕亘 賲購乇賴賽賯貙 卮丕賯 賵 孬禺賷賳..
乇睾賲 亘丿丕賴丞 丕賱賲賵囟賵毓 丕賱賲購丿乇賻賰 賲賳 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 丕亘鬲丿丕亍賸丕 廿賱丕 兀賳賴 丕爻鬲賳賮賻乇 賰丕賲賱 胤丕賯鬲賷 丕賱匕賴賳賷丞 賵 廿爻鬲賮乇賻睾 賰賱 賲噩賴賵丿賷 禺賱丕賱 鬲賯賱賷亘 氐賮丨丕鬲賴貙 賷亘丿賵 丕賳賴 賱賲 賷兀鬲賷 亘噩丿賷丿 賷購匕賰乇 爻賵賶 亘毓囟 丕賱兀賲賵乇 丕賱賯賷賾賲丞 丕賱鬲賷 賱賴丕 毓賱丕賯丞 賵胤賷丿丞 亘賷賳 丕賱爻賱胤賵賷賷賳 賵 丕賱賯賵賶 丕賱丨丕賰賲丞 賵 廿賱賶 兀賷 賲丿賶 賷賲賰賳 丕賱噩夭賲 兀賳 賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱賱毓亘丞 爻鬲鬲睾賷乇 丕賵 鬲卮賴丿 孬賵乇丞 廿氐賱丕丨賷丞 賲丕 丿丕賲鬲 丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 ( 賲賳 賳賮胤 賵 睾丕夭 賵 匕賴亘 賵 兀賱賲丕爻..) 鬲鬲丿賮賯 亘賰孬丕賮丞 賵 亘丿賵賳 丕賳賯胤丕毓 毓亘乇 爻賱丕爻賱 丕賱廿賲丿丕丿 賲賳 賷丿 丕賱賲爻鬲亘丿賷賳 丕賱锟斤拷賱胤賾禺丞 亘丿賲丕亍 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱賲賯賴賵乇 廿賱賶 卮乇賰丕鬲 賵 丿賵賱 賲爻鬲賵乇丿丞 賱丕 鬲毓乇賮 丨丿賵丿丕 賱噩卮毓賴丕. 賮賷 丕賱賵賯鬲 丕賱匕賷 鬲鬲賰丕孬乇 賮賷賴 丕賱鬲賯丕乇賷乇 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍 丕賱賲賳丿丿丞 賵 鬲鬲賳丕爻賱 毓賱賶 廿孬乇賴丕 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱賲賵噩賴丞 賱丨賲丕賷丞 丨賯賵賯 丕賱丕賳爻丕賳貙 賲丕 夭丕賱 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱睾乇亘賷 賵 丕賱胤睾賲丞 丕賱丨丕賰賲丞 丕賱賲賵丕賱賷丞 賱賱賳馗丕賲 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷 鬲鬲賲乇睾 賮賷 賳毓賷賲賴丕 丕賱賲卮丐賵賲 賵 鬲鬲乇賰 亘丕賯賷 丕賱卮毓賵亘 鬲卮賯賶 丿丕禺賱 賵丕賯毓賴丕 丕賱賲兀夭賵賲 鬲鬲噩乇毓 賱毓賳丞 丕賱賲賵丕乇丿 賵 鬲賳丿亘 丕賱丨馗 賱毓丿賲 丕賲鬲賱丕賰 夭賲丕賲 兀賲乇賴丕 兀賲丕賲 賳馗丕賲 毓丕賱賲賷 賲毓賵賱賲 賱丕 賷毓鬲乇賮 爻賵賶 亘賯丕賳賵賳 賵丕丨丿 賮賯胤 賴賵 "丕賱賯賵丞 鬲氐賳毓 丕賱兀丨賯賷丞 Might makes right "
3 reviews1 follower
May 18, 2016
"At your best, you are conditionally trusting, and unconditionally trustworthy. Hard-headed and soft-hearted, a pessimist of intelligence and an optimist of will. You reach confidently across boundaries to join your energies with others so that together you are stronger and free. You are powerful and counter-powerful. You are connective. You should rule the world."
Profile Image for Gunnar Nelson.
17 reviews1 follower
March 17, 2017
Great insight into corruption within the global supply chain but then diverges his arguments into claims relying heavily on Prothos and not enough evidence. For example he would talk about, "9/11 Alaska cries" and dives into a more philosophical idea for global social justice.
78 reviews3 followers
August 7, 2017
Very informative and helpful to understand how our simple purchases each day affect people across the world..both positively and negatively. The book is somewhat repetitive, but he does explain how to create positive change.
Profile Image for Joseph Spuckler.
1,510 reviews30 followers
October 8, 2020
Blood Oil: Tyrants, Violence, and the Rules That Run the World by Leif Wenar is a realistic look at what goes into the items of our daily lives. Wenar holds the Chair of Philosophy & Law at King鈥檚 College London. After earning his Bachelor鈥檚 degree from Stanford, he went to Harvard to study with John Rawls, and wrote his doctoral thesis on property rights with Robert Nozick and T.M. Scanlon. He is a Fellow of the Center for Ethics and Public Affairs at The Murphy Institute of Political Economy, and a Fellow of the Program on Justice and the World Economy at The Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs.

We all know that oil runs the economy but even deeper it runs our lives. From the plastic we use to the fuel used to transport food to our stores, to the petroleum based fertilizers that help grow our food we are swimming in an ocean of oil. We also know that oil is found in countries who we would not do business with if they did not have oil. We rationalize our relations with tyrants because we need the oil. It鈥檚 not just oil either. The raw materials that make our personal and industrial electronics work also come from countries with repressive governments. The relationships become more complex when we look at the larger picture. In the 1980s, Cuban troops guarded American oil interests in Angola. Angola used the money from oil purchases to buy arms to fight America's allies. American money was being used to fund America鈥檚 enemies.


America looks to ensure Middle East security, to promote world stability rather than our imports. The majority of American oil imports come from Canada with only 15% or so from Saudi Arabia. It is still the Middle East that is in the news rather than the sizable imports from Africa and Latin America. Very few oil producing countries are democratic as well as few that are not corrupt. Wenar looks at what happens to oil producing countries. Many countries experience skyrocketing GDPs which creates the illusion that standard of living would increase. Wealth, however, tends to stay with the county鈥檚 leadership and elite. Most money does not trickle down to the people or the infra structure. Wenar explains that countries鈥� economies that produce raw materials are like an electrical grid. A good well-designed grid can handle a sudden influx in power and expand. A badly designed grid will overload, short, and destroy itself under similar situations. Countries like Norway easily handle the new oil wealth, diversify and prosper. Countries like Nigeria and Sierra Leone fall into corruption.

Two countries, centuries before, also ran into new wealth and how they used that wealth determined their future. Spain gained huge colonial possessions and pulled the natural resources and then stagnated. England, on the other hand, took in raw materials, like cotton, and created finished good and exported them -- adding value to the raw materials. Spain faded and England grew. Countries like Canada and Norway have a diverse economy that will continue to function once the oil is gone. Angola, Nigeria, and others will drop into even more poverty. Even a country that is developed like Saudi Arabia will have large problems. The unemployment rate among the young is skyrocketing. Two-thirds of the Saudi population are under thirty. There are not enough, jobs even with the government creating superfluous civil servant positions. Saudi leadership needs high oil prices to fund its social services that help keep the population docile. An angry, unemployed, youth is not something that they are ready to handle.

In the opening of the book, Wenar helps to remind even the most socially conscious of how we promote the system of corruption, tyranny, and poverty. We might think we are doing to right thing buying organic oranges -- No petroleum pesticides or fertilizers. But a closer look shows just how tainted the fruit is. Somewhere in Africa blood diamonds are being mined. 60% of all diamonds are used for industrial purposes. In China, these diamonds are used to make drill bits by underpaid workers living in a totalitarian society. The drill bits are exported to Mexico (or an, even more, corrupt oil producing country) and used to drill for oil, that is refined, sold as diesel, burned by a truck hauling organic oranges to your grocery store. In the big picture, your organic oranges are not petroleum free but also tainted by blood diamonds. The problem is, that today, there are so many steps taken to get something as simple as an orange that nothing you buy is guilt free.

Not all is doom and gloom. Wenar presents the case of how the slave trade was ended, simply on moral grounds and a few other successes against tyranny in modern times. The final section of the book covers solutions to some of the problems of we are experiencing. They are not perfect solutions but do offer a starting point and a place to begin discussing solutions. A very important and timely read.
Profile Image for Paul.
1,211 reviews29 followers
March 28, 2018
A lot of hard work went into this book and it is a worthy subject. I applaud the sentiment even if I don't share the love for communist thinkers.

One idea that hasn't occurred to the authors is that people might not be as good as they think they are and this is the founding block for their suggested solution to the problem. They will be disappointed.

They will also be disappointed with economics because in their clever plan the nation paying the money into that clean fund will not be China but the consumers in the US. So basically you are still buying tainted goods but now you also pay into a fund for the country selling the tainted goods. The incentive here is for the country to just keep selling the tainted goods to keep growing the fund before caching out and collecting on the sale of the goods they have already received money from a second time. Cut out the elaborate setup and just blatantly offer money to the country on the condition of them introducing reforms because that is in effect what you are proposing - see if the public likes the idea then, when it's not obfuscated.

They keep using the example of UK fighting slavery against its best interests without mentioning that this was during a time when there was no real democracy. Fact is there are no examples where people as a whole adopted behaviours detrimental to themselves for the sake of morality (except when due to religious adherence and that is going down).
56 reviews2 followers
May 27, 2020
A very interesting book to learn the basis of how the world works today. It was the first non-fiction book I麓ve read in years, and even if at the beginning was a little tough, as the chapters and the information about the world trade, the social differences and the autocracy governments goes on, it becomes more and more interesting. The sensation after reading Blood Oil is sad, because of what麓s going on, but the message is optimistic, because if humans have reached many achieves lately in topics such as human rights...why couldn麓t we reach even more in the years to come? I enjoyed a lot of the way the author explains the situation in countries as Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Angola, Sierra Leona, Iran, Iraq and Arabia Saudi, because he offers a chronological history of how these countries have become what they麓re today. Also, this book has given me the eagerness to learn more about geography and world麓s economic today. I highly recommend it!
Profile Image for Rachel.
82 reviews
October 4, 2019
I learned a lot from this book in terms of how the resource curse really works and how policies in importing countries could improve the situation. Some parts of this book were super interesting. However, I think I could have learned about the same amount if the content had been condensed a bit. The book was a bit repetitive at times, and there was too much time spent venturing off into abstract philosophy that just didn't do much for me or was perhaps over my head. I listened to the audio version of the book which perhaps contributed to making some parts harder for me to follow. But I would still recommend this book to anyone interested in learning more about this topic, there's lots of good stuff in there. But don't be afraid to skip over parts that are starting to get boring as he will probably make the same point again later anyway!
218 reviews
November 10, 2019
An interesting and well-written treatise on the political economy and moral philosophy of oil and other natural resources, as they relate to the various authoritarian regimes and warlord factions that profit from them. There is a lot of good research and powerfully arguments here about the nature of oil regimes, and the history of how humans have viewed issues of state sovereignty and who has the rights to resources. It gets a little repetitive at times, however, possibly because the intent was that this book doesn't need to be read linearly, and so repeats arguments and observations in later chapters that were already fleshed out earlier. And the "solutions" chapters feel a little thin. But overall a pretty interesting read.
Profile Image for Vibhor Sahay.
111 reviews
January 20, 2020
Well it easy to imagine that this book is about oil and the evil associated with it. But the more intriguing and enlightening angle of this book is the discussion on the legal apparatus by which blood oil is made available for legitimate use for the rest of the world.
The history of oil extracting countries and the economics and politics associated with it were well described with context. Counter intuitively, most of the oil countries that have been "blessed" with this natural resource have regressed in development.
Oil is the modern day drug on which almost all of human progress is based which is why it is essential to read this book.
Profile Image for George Pepios .
82 reviews2 followers
November 10, 2019
A thought-provoking account of the moral and causal responsibility Western consumers bear for the perpetuation of authoritarianism in resource-rich, developing countries. Although a philosophical text, it is easily accessible to the average reader thanks to Wenar鈥檚 smooth prose style. If this book makes you uncomfortable, then it has achieved its purpose!
Profile Image for Mohamed Tahar Hamada.
94 reviews14 followers
August 15, 2024
I only read some pages of this book, The book started well, but the author reached a point where he mentioned that the West will mead the world to a better future, while critisizing all of the Oil states and putting them on the same basket without mentionning that one of the reasons of deterioration of those same states is the west itself, This vision of the author made me stop reading the book.
Profile Image for Nick Harriss.
408 reviews6 followers
September 19, 2017
This is an interesting book, covering some very important topics. The negative is that it goes over the same ground several times to make its point, which becomes rather tedious, and is a shame as it distracts from the message.
4 reviews
May 18, 2017
Tired collectivist arguments and a poor understanding of Economics makes this book painful to read.
Profile Image for Alan Newton.
186 reviews6 followers
March 8, 2018
An excellent book, that is clearly well researched and does well to bring together various complex and difficult themes, with well-thought out conclusions.
Profile Image for Christine B..
643 reviews7 followers
March 12, 2017
I wanted a history/political science book, but this book was more of a policy treatise with a bit of history on the side. So there were a lot of informative bits, but not really my jam. (I also think it could have been edited a bit to be shorter.)

But I did learn what "popular resource sovereignty" is, so there's that. And there analysis of the relationship between resources and dictatorship was really helpful. Basically: I loved the first 1/3 of the book, but I didn't quite need the rest of it.
Profile Image for Darren.
1,193 reviews62 followers
November 2, 2015
Even those who keep their ears firmly closed to news and current affairs can surely not have failed to discover that people fight over oil. Fighting is everywhere, whether it is at nation state-level or further down the food chain, with terrorists stealing and smuggling oil to finance their activities.

This fascinating, engaging book looks at how democracy and development is being impeded in oil producing and exporting countries. This impacts the world, as many strive to lead an ethically focussed life whilst struggling with the fact that so much of our modern-day society uses oil and oil-based products. You can鈥檛 normally fill your tank with petrol from a 鈥済ood country鈥� whilst ignoring a 鈥渂ad country鈥�. You absolutely cannot expect to determine where the oil came from that was transformed into derivative components that, in turn, were turned into products you use daily. If you had to boycott everything manufactured with an oil-derived product, you鈥檇 have a very restricted daily routine.

The author believes that the problem can be improved upon, even if it cannot yet be totally eradicated, and he has developed some 鈥渄emocracy-enhancing clean trade policies鈥� that can help, even if it only sidesteps the dictators and warlords who rely on natural resource sales to perpetuate their rule. Cut off demand for their supply and you may cut them out of the picture in due course.

This is no casual read, even though even the most general of readers could stand to gain a lot by reading it. This book is something you invest time in, allowing the author鈥檚 insightful commentary, research and thoughts to sink in. It probably is not the sort of light reading you would take on holiday. For those with a deeper professional or academic interest, it can be a definitive work, a resource goldmine; albeit a mine whose resources you are actively encouraged to plunder 鈥� no violence is necessary.

The book naturally touches on other elements that are affected by the same sort of problems, such as aluminium. Some of the figures highlighted are amazing and hard to believe. Every second, 3500 pounds of aluminium are used as well as 50 tons of iron. Scale that up: every year a billion cubic meters of wool are used 鈥� can you even imagine that? The sheer scale and reach of this book is amazing. Even if you seek to disagree with some of the author鈥檚 findings, there is a lot of other information that will wash over you art the same time on related subjects, both historical and current. There is a wealth of references, notes and a detailed index you can backtrack on the author鈥檚 research and see for yourself if you are in any doubt.

This was a depressing book to read because of its core message, yet the author has done an excellent, formidable job in managing to make some sense of the situation and presents it in a calm, logical, focussed manner. It can be essential reading for many and should be recommended reading for the rest of us.

Blood Oil, written by Leif Wenar and published by Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190262921. YYYYY

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