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The Embedding

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A cutting-edge novel about the nature of communication and what it means to be human.

Ian Watson's brilliant debut novel was one of the most significant publications in British SF in the 1970s. Intellectually bracing and grippingly written, it is the story of three experiments in linguistics, and is driven by a searching analysis of the nature of communication.

Deep in the Brazilian jungle, an isolated tribe face eviction from their ancestral lands - and the psychedelic fungus that makes their religious language possible.

In a British laboratory, a brilliant linguist conducts cutting-edge experiments - but does his search for answers come at too high a cost?

And in the ultimate test of linguistics, First Contact presents a challenge unlike any humanity has faced before . . .

Fiercely intelligent, energetic and challenging, The Embedding immediately established Watson as a writer of rare power and vision, and is now recognized as a modern classic of SF.

272 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1973

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Ian Watson

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 89 reviews
Profile Image for Manny.
AuthorÌý41 books15.7k followers
March 13, 2011
Not really science-fiction, more linguistics-fiction - if you're a linguist who is the least bit interested in SF, this is a must, whether or not it happens to make sense. Super-intelligent aliens arrive on Earth in a giant spaceship. Their mission is find visitors from another dimension ("The Change Speakers"), who visited them long ago and then suddenly disappeared. They have some deep mystical significance for the aliens, which is never properly explained.

Somehow, the search for the Change Speakers is connected to the way in which we use language. If the aliens could learn to speak in the right way, they would be able to move into the other dimension. They have been travelling the Galaxy for thousands of years, collecting a vast array of languages and the brains of the various intelligent beings who use those languages. It transpires that the thing the aliens most want to find out about here is an obscure Amazonian tribe, who have a drug they take during religious ceremonies. When under its influence, they speak in a language which has very unusual formal properties, in terms of allowing unlimited center-embedding. (Look it up if necessary...)

Ian Watson enjoys shocking you, and the ending is par for the course.

Profile Image for Pablo Bueno.
AuthorÌý13 books203 followers
October 6, 2016
"Empotrados" No es una novela sencilla ni fácil de leer, entre otras cosas porque está llena de ideas capaces de hacer estallar la cabeza de los incautos lectores. Ian Watson tiene párrafos enteros que merecen ser subrayados para posterior digestión y análisis o, simplemente, para ser colocados en marcos como citas impresionantes.

Esa "lingüística-´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô" (más que ciencia ´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô) que mencionaba alguien, desborda todos los escenarios de la novela y contiene ecos y retazos de verosimilitud no solo de la propia teoría lingüística, sino que resuena también en otras obras de la talla de Hyperion. Ese "lo importante es la verdad, no las palabras que luego la visten" del poeta se convierte en "Empotrados" en eje fundamental de la novela.

No solo es la propia idea generadora, o el desarrollo de la misma, lo que brilla: la propia concepción, motivación y forma de tratar con esos alienígenas extraños (extraños incluso para ser alienígenas) destaca también en la novela.

En general me quedo con la sensación de estar ante una obra inmensa a la que no he sido capaz de extraer todo el jugo por falta de conocimiento o referentes, pero que he disfrutado mucho. Recomendada especialmente para aquellos lectores de CF que disfrutan especialmente con la especulación en torno al languaje.
Profile Image for Anna.
2,008 reviews948 followers
October 3, 2023
I discovered while searching through for books I hadn't read. It is Ian Watson's debut novel, first published in 1973. As soon as I began reading, it reminded me that there's nothing quite like the particular cynicism of 1970s mid-Cold War sci-fi. The legacy of the sixties is chewed over in fascinating ways by seventies sci-fi; I think the seventies were one of the strongest decades for the genre. contains a lot of what can only only be described as really bleak shit about US war crimes in Vietnam, violent interventions in South America, and utter disregard for human rights or ethics in pursuit of 'progress'. Specifically, one of the protagonists is conducting totally unethical linguistic experiments on children. This reminded me of , although the experiments are not as immediately deadly.

The narrative is largely preoccupied by ideas of how language shapes reality and whether human languages could be restructured to bring us closer to the Real. There's a lot going on in 250 pages, more than I expected. At first I assumed the plot would revolve around linguistic experimentation on children, but it shifted to the Brazilian rainforest where an anthropologist is investigating the extraordinary Xemahoa language of an indigenous tribe. Their community is being inundated as a huge dam floods the rainforest, a concept that I found viscerally horrifying. There is clearly a link between the experiments and the Xemahoa language, and then an unexpected twist: The protagonists, all morally compromised white men, respond like this:

Now that he'd partially absorbed it, the news exhilarated Sole rather than scared him. It seemed to absolve him from his petty worries about Pierre and Eileen and his guilt in the face of Dorothy. His experiments with the children took on a purer, clearer complexion, the sort of exhilarated mood he imagined the realisation of the 'Death of God' had filled Nietzsche with. Anything was possible in a world where God was dead; likewise with a world . Then he realised that he was using the news as an anaesthetic - and the pain returned.


is definitely more interesting than enjoyable to read, as there's a lot of brutal violence (notably a horrific cannibalism scene). I found it a striking contribution to linguistics-focused sci-fi, as well as revealing of early 1970s anxieties.
Profile Image for Olethros.
2,705 reviews524 followers
July 1, 2015
-Prevalencia del estilo sobre una trama sin tensión convencional.-

Género. Ciencia-Ficción.

Lo que nos cuenta. Chris Sole trabaja en un centro secreto que experimenta lenguajes especiales en niños tratados con fármacos avanzados. Pierre Darriand trabaja en la Amazonia y descubre a una tribu que parece usar un lenguaje extraño que sólo se puede interpretar bajo los efectos alucinógenos de un hongo local. Pero la Amazonia es el objetivo de un ambicioso plan que creará un enorme mar interior con el auspicio de Estados Unidos y de la propia Brasil, aunque hay grupos ecoterroristas que tratan de evitarlo. La llegada de unos visitantes alienígenas dispuestos a negociar información y tecnología, pero con miedo al futuro y con interés en las formas de lenguaje, cambiará todo en la Tierra.

¿Quiere saber más de este libro, sin spoilers? Visite:

Profile Image for Jenne.
1,086 reviews727 followers
Shelved as 'didnt-finish'
September 15, 2008
I got this because it sounded like it had interesting ideas about language, but I think I didn't finish it because it seemed really dated.
As a feminist, it's kind of hard to read older SF sometimes. It was what it was, we stand on the shoulders of giants and all that, but sometimes I just can't.
Profile Image for Gala.
461 reviews1 follower
July 6, 2018
Muy buena novela de ciencia ´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô. Tal como dice la tapa, mezcla tres argumentos centrales: en primer lugar, un grupo de científicos que realiza experimentos de dudosa moral, en segundo lugar, una tribu en el corazón del Amazonas y, en tercer lugar, la aparición de alienígenas que vienen a buscar cosas que aparentemente tenemos acá, en la Tierra.

Incrustados conjuga bien las tres historias, pero sí es cierto que, a causa de esto, no siempre es fácil seguirle el ritmo, porque está constantemente cambiando de perspectiva y eso puede generar confusión en el lector. Hasta que uno se acostumbra, la lectura puede resultar compleja, y más teniendo en cuenta todo el trasfondo teórico que contiene la novela. Dice la cubierta que está basada en la gramática generativa chomskyana, y eso en parte es así. Si bien claramente no es un paper sobre la teoría de Chomsky, saber algunas cuestiones básicas sobre ella ayuda a amenizar la lectura; y no solo eso: puede también permitir pensar las cosas que van pasando de otra manera si es que más o menos conocemos los postulados teóricos. De todas formas, pocas veces la novela se vuelve muy teórica o explicativa; son solo algunas escenas que explican cosas sobre los experimentos, pero no es para nada una historia que sea imposible o muy aburrida de leer por el hecho de estar basada en teória lingüística.

Creo que decae un poco al final, pero aún así es una muy buena historia de ciencia ´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô. Me habría gustado que enfocara o desarrollara un poco más sobre las características de la tribu del Amazonas (fue la parte que más me gustó). Todo el tema del lenguaje incrustado al que hace referencia constantemente me pareció fascinante; no así la historia de los alienígenas. Esta es, desde mi punto de vista, la parte más floja de la novela, y de hecho creo que es hasta un poco inverosímil. Rompe el clímax que se va generando a lo largo de la narración, y creo que podría no haber estado y el libro habría sido igual de bueno (o mejor).

En conclusión, Incrustados es una muy buena novela, considerada una de las mejores obras del género del siglo XX. Puede costar un poco en algunas partes, pero en su totalidad se disfruta mucho (no la recomendaría para quien no guste de la ciencia ´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô).
Profile Image for Ira (SF Words of Wonder).
216 reviews55 followers
July 23, 2024
Check out my full, spoiler light, video review
This one had promise and even though the beginning was slightly confusing, it still had me hooked. Unfortunately, the novel seems to slowly drift downhill from there. This is science fiction with language as a central theme, oh, and aliens. Multiple plotlines sort of come together for a let down ending.
Chris is involved in a secret experiment in the UK, giving a hyper-intelligent drug to orphans, who weren’t exposed to any language. They isolate these children and see how they react to unconventional languages. Piere is in Brazil trying to save a tribe from an American/Brazilian project to flood the Amazon basin. Piere befriends a local ‘shaman� and finds out they have their own thing going on with language. Aliens come to earth on a pit stop and try and trade some of their technology and information for access to many different human languages. But it is very disturbing how the aliens want to take the language back with them.
I liked some of the ideas and really wanted to like this one but it seemed all over the place. I rarely say a book is too short but maybe everything could have been tied together better with some additional length. There are also some disturbing scenes that didn’t seem to fit in the book. This one didn’t really work for me but I still want to read some other works from Watson.
Profile Image for RG.
3,087 reviews
December 15, 2017
Concept was cool but just found it went nowhere. Probably would have worked better as a short story
Profile Image for Carol Mola.
319 reviews184 followers
May 27, 2019
Me ha parecido un libro de lo más interesante en cuanto a ideas propuestas. Bien construido en lo que respecta a la manera de intercalar puntos de vista y escenas de "acción" para contrarestar todo el flujo conceptual y más dificil de asimilar del resto de la narrativa. El estilo de escritura se me ha hecho un poco complicado al principio, pero una vez he conseguido acostumbrarme le he cogido el gusto. En definitiva me parece un buen libro a recomendar a todo aquel que le interesen los temas del lenguaje, la mente y los alienígenas.

Dentro de poco reseña en Dune's Jedi.

Edit: Ya está la reseña completa

Profile Image for Libros Prohibidos.
868 reviews438 followers
June 15, 2019
'Incrustados' parece una novela con raíces políticas. Crítica con el capitalismo y su proverbial voracidad, se lee con asombro en nuestra realidad actual en la que ya apenas quedan pedazos que morder casi cincuenta años después de la primera edición de esta obra. Es una obra ética y crítica que se plantea los límites de la ciencia y de la propia humanidad, que no deja en buen lugar a los avaros y a los que se sientan en los sillones donde parece decidirse el futuro del planeta.

Reseña completa:
Profile Image for ±·Ï„ÒÏεηκ.
56 reviews1 follower
December 18, 2019
No sé cómo sacarlo de mi lista, así q he puesto q me lo he leío cuando en verdad me quedé por algo más de la mitad.

Empieza bien, interesante aunque avanza regular, no sé cómo acaba xD

En general el estilo no me ha gustao demasiao y, a pesar de q la temática me atraiga especialmente ha conseguido hacérmela parecer aburrida. No lo recomendaría, la verdad.
Profile Image for Mark Harding.
65 reviews2 followers
July 2, 2011
To be honest, I’m not sure I get it. Great fun. What is especially impressive is the way the long passages on living with the tribe of the Xemahoa in Brazil, pull you into their way of thinking so that we Westerners are the ones that feel alien. Though not as much as the aliens themselves, who are really weird.

In the end, Kayapi brings ambition and corruption to the mythos-language of the Xemahoa. Does it matter? In the end, the language brain-boosting drugs of Sole create insanity. (It’s claimed: though Vidya seems sane to me, under the circumstances). And while we are on the tide of glorious cynicism, in the end, the vastly superior technology of the aliens is defeated by the mendacity of the humans.

But the great thing about this novel is it’s scale � not in breadth, like a space opera � but in depth, in the ultimate questions the novel seriously deals with. The cynicism doesn’t matter on the depth this novel is dealing with. So what if mankind steals to the key to FTL travel? So what if we colonise the Universe? Will we simply end up on a mystical holy quest like the aliens. As Ludwig W pointed out, ‘When all the facts of the Universe are known, there is still the mystical.�

A book for re-reading.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Jose Gaona.
201 reviews17 followers
April 10, 2017


(...) Uno tiene la sensación al leer Empotrados de encontrarse ante algo especial, algo diferente, algo único. De encontrarse ante un autor en estado pletórico, rebosante de ideas, tantas que se le escapan de las manos, y que pese a sus errores, consigue atrapar al lector en una trama de profundas implicaciones, desplegando un complejo entramado de poleas y engranajes que, al final, y con las últimas páginas, cierra con la elegancia y la precisión de un reloj suizo.
Profile Image for Stephen.
630 reviews
January 1, 2017
I wanted to like this a lot more than I did. I picked it up looking for linguistic scifi not based on out of date science (I'm looking at you Sapir-Worf). And this fulfilled that, but I need really got into the plot. I thought it might conclude well, but it felt too open ended, too unsatisfying--perhaps it was trying really hard to be 'realistic'?) There were lots of plot elements that I never felt the author offered a reasonable explanation for (say, flooding Brazil).
Profile Image for Chip.
262 reviews6 followers
November 18, 2013
The first third of the book is horrible - lacking in context and shifting abruptly. Not till the aliens show up that the story has any meaning. The ending (if you call it an ending) finishes with a fizzle - doesn't make any sense to why things are happening. Story has many people on weird drugs - the children, the Amazon Indians. Would have been better as a short story.
Profile Image for Minifig.
455 reviews19 followers
May 30, 2019
La novela comienza con varios hilos que se van entretejiendo.

Por una parte tenemos a Chris Sole, un científico que trabaja en un instituto donde se realizan experimentos poco éticos sobre niños a los que se aísla y se les hace vivir en entornos artificiales acordes a los lenguajes diseñados que se les enseña para conocer cómo aprende el cerebro y cómo modela su entorno a partir del lenguaje. Por otra parte tenemos a Charlie Faith, in ingeniero que trabaja en la construcción de una descomunal presa en Brasil que anegará buena parte de la Amazonia. Por último tenemos a Pierre, un francés, padre del hijo de la mujer de Sole, que vive en la Amazonia, investigando a los xemahoa, un grupo de indios que viven en una región que será inundada por el embalse formado por la presa de Faith.

La situación se complica cuando Cole es requerido como experto en lenguajes de cara a negociar con unos visitantes extraterrestres.

Sobre estas premisas Watson elabora una novela correcta, con una trama hábilmente tejida y personajes creíbles que, sin embargo, no sabe rematar, con un final que parece precipitado y poco plausible.

[+] Reseña completa de "Empotrados" en Alt+64 wiki:
Profile Image for Marcos Ibáñez Gordillo.
318 reviews4 followers
November 5, 2019
No es un libro fácil de leer, sobre todo porque está muy pero que muy bien documentado. No obstante está muy mal ejecutado.
He leído muchas reseñas que excusan no haber entendido nada porque va de "lingüística-´Ú¾±³¦³¦¾±Ã³²Ô" y tiene mucha información política. Personalmente, no me perdí con la política y creo que entendí los entresijos lingüísticos, eran profundos pero no complejos, ¿entonces por qué me ha resultado tan malo?
-Abre muchas posibilidades que explora a medias sin cerrarlas, o que "cierra" insatisfactoriamente.
-Un estilo que exige mucho para lo poco que da a cambio. Es abrupto y presentando hechos mediante figuras retóricas ocurrentes pero pesadas si lo que buscas es información que te llega a cuenta gotas. Cosa rara, porque en ocasiones (todos los pasajes de los indios, por ejemplo) hace todo lo contrario y la narración se vuelve muy literal.
-Da muchas vueltas para no llegar a ningún sitio.
-Extiende el clímax demasiadas páginas - al final ya aburre - todo para limpiarse el culo con lo que te ha hecho esperar con ansia.

Conclusión: Me estoy hartando de leer historias que deliberadamente no van a ningún sitio, ¿cuál es el objeto de escribir entonces?
Profile Image for Temucano.
499 reviews21 followers
June 21, 2022
Al principio cuesta enganchar, es fácil perderse o languidecer en su lectura, por lo que es mejor asirse a las ideas que expone Watson, toda aquella teoría del lenguaje, la percepción y las diferentes formas que tiene el cerebro para seguir aprehendiendo nuevos conceptos con mayor significado, son temas fascinantes. Luego mejora al cambiar a escenarios con más acción y sobre el final deja imágenes perdurables, como la visita de Pierre a la tribu de los Xemahoa. De hecho creo el final es lo que más me gustó del libro.

Me recordó mucho a Antonin Artaud en su viaje en busca de "Los Tarahumara", tiene más de una semejanza.
Profile Image for Ubik.
71 reviews51 followers
October 3, 2008
Well...I just read it...and my initial review is thus: I think that it started out great, but it went in too many directions at once and never really developed ay of them all that well. Im left assuming a lot of things, filling in the gaps, and things were sort of rushed at the end. I wanted there to be more about language; examples, more explanations, outcomes, etc. I also think that the characters could have been drawn better as well; I never really got to know any of them. That all said, it kept my attention til the end which is always good and maybe someday Ill read it again.
Profile Image for Taueret.
180 reviews9 followers
November 20, 2010
I don't think I am smart enough to really understand or appreciate this book? I think it probably belongs in the 4 stars category (good and Good) but my lack of ability to make the leap between the said and the unsaid probably rendered it less comprehensible than it ought to have done.
Profile Image for Cesar Leon.
410 reviews11 followers
December 15, 2017
Este libro me gusto pero se que no pude comprender Todo lo que Ian Watson quiere trasmitir con su ficcion linguistica ya que quisiera o no acaba confundido por toda la informacion que se nos brinda. Sin duda alguna esta obra debe ser El deleite de todos los amantes de los lenguajes.
Profile Image for Rodrigo Medina.
94 reviews8 followers
April 26, 2018
Un libro interesantisimo. De las mejores obras de la cfi-hard, pero que no pienso releer en mi puta vida. Para eso mejor cojo Los lenguajes de Pao.
Profile Image for Walter Figueiredo De Simoni.
66 reviews
August 18, 2024
Fascinating read, definitely doesn't feel like it was written 50 years ago.
Mix between linguistics and sci-fi, some good mind-blowing (perhaps literally) concepts between languages, indigenous knowledge and thought as a gatekeeper to reality.
Part of the book takes place near Santarém around the construction of a dam and the threat they pose to a local tribe and the ecosystem. That part could have been written pretty much last week...
Profile Image for Steve Joyce.
AuthorÌý1 book17 followers
April 9, 2015
Hit some moments of real interest when the aliens arrive on Earth (hey, what self-respecting science fiction story couldn't say the same?). Said aliens by the way are prototypical Ferengi. I.e. they live to trade.

But the whole things goes into the "meh" category with plot points and dialogue like this:

We buy a stinking little peace by sacrificing the stars, when we could have bought the stars with half a dozen brains. It's so STUPID. Stupid!

Yes it is. Quite often. And yes, human brains are the currency here!

But the most confounding thing to me is that, apparently, The Embedding was considered in several award discussions back in the mid 1970s. I found it to be potboiler material.

This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Brant.
80 reviews
September 19, 2015
This book had some interesting moments, but I think Watson's arrangement of the story ruined it in the long run. The first half of the book is a bunch of linguistic mumbo-jumbo...you're forced to read ahead without any hints as to what the true story is. Then there's an abrupt transition, followed by an OK ending. Too many weird political things were going on, too. Didn't work for me.
Profile Image for Julio Pino.
1,170 reviews109 followers
March 15, 2021
Who can combine Chomskian linguistics, psychotropic drugs, and the Jefferson Airplane in one novel? Ian Watson, that's who; the king of British sci-fi. Three tales are weaved together in the search for a way for humans to communicate with a UFO that has landed off the coast of SanFrancisco circa 1971.
Profile Image for Rhomboid Goatcabin.
131 reviews5 followers
September 4, 2016
This novel makes me regret not having read much SciFi in the last couple years. A suspenseful yet subtle and cerebral "hard SciFi" exploring the nature of human language and cognition, yet never losing its forward drive. Recommended - especially to those interested in language!
Profile Image for Michael.
17 reviews1 follower
September 4, 2012
Starts off boring, goes a bit insane in the middle, then ends abruptly with no real pay-off.
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