Romain Gary was a Jewish-French novelist, film director, World War II aviator and diplomat. He also wrote under the pen name 脡mile Ajar.
Born Roman Kacew (Yiddish: 拽爪讘, Russian: 袣邪褑械胁), Romain Gary grew up in Vilnius to a family of Lithuanian Jews. He changed his name to Romain Gary when he escaped occupied France to fight with Great Britain against Germany in WWII. His father, Arieh-Leib Kacew, abandoned his family in 1925 and remarried. From this time Gary was raised by his mother, Nina Owczinski. When he was fourteen, he and his mother moved to Nice, France. In his books and interviews, he presented many different versions of his father's origin, parents, occupation and childhood.
He later studied law, first in Aix-en-Provence and then in Paris. He learned to pilot an aircraft in the French Air Force in Salon-de-Provence and in Avord Air Base, near Bourges. Following the Nazi occupation of France in World War II, he fled to England and under Charles de Gaulle served with the Free French Forces in Europe and North Africa. As a pilot, he took part in over 25 successful offensives logging over 65 hours of air time.
He was greatly decorated for his bravery in the war, receiving many medals and honors.
After the war, he worked in the French diplomatic service and in 1945 published his first novel. He would become one of France's most popular and prolific writers, authoring more than thirty novels, essays and memoirs, some of which he wrote under the pseudonym of 脡mile Ajar. He also wrote one novel under the pseudonym of Fosco Sinibaldi and another as Shatan Bogat.
In 1952, he became secretary of the French Delegation to the United Nations in New York, and later in London (in 1955).
In 1956, he became Consul General of France in Los Angeles.
He is the only person to win the Prix Goncourt twice. This prize for French language literature is awarded only once to an author. Gary, who had already received the prize in 1956 for Les racines du ciel, published La vie devant soi under the pseudonym of 脡mile Ajar in 1975. The Acad茅mie Goncourt awarded the prize to the author of this book without knowing his real identity. A period of literary intrigue followed. Gary's little cousin Paul Pavlowitch posed as the author for a time. Gary later revealed the truth in his posthumous book Vie et mort d'脡mile Ajar.
Gary's first wife was the British writer, journalist, and Vogue editor Lesley Blanch (author of The Wilder Shores of Love). They married in 1944 and divorced in 1961. From 1962 to 1970, Gary was married to the American actress Jean Seberg, with whom he had a son, Alexandre Diego Gary.
He also co-wrote the screenplay for the motion picture, The Longest Day and co-wrote and directed the 1971 film Kill!, starring his now ex-wife Seberg.
Suffering from depression after Seberg's 1979 suicide, Gary died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound on December 2, 1980 in Paris, France though he left a note which said specifically that his death had no relation with Seberg's suicide.
La Promesse de l'Aube = Promise at Dawn, Romain Gary
Promise at Dawn is a 1960 autobiographical novel by the French writer Romain Gary. Jules Dassin directed a 1970 film with the same title based on the novel. It is all the more thrilling, therefore, to read it and know that this is not fiction but a real-life story. As a young child, Romain Gary's mother told him that a day would come when he would have to challenge and conquer the evil demons of submission and defeat. After all, he was to be a French military hero, ambassador, noted writer, and ladies' man . . . . Thus anticipating battle, by the time of his death he had won the Cross of the Liberation, the Croix de Guerre, the Legion of Honor, the Prix Goncourt (the last rather a comedown, as his mother had mentioned the Nobel Prize); and he had been the French consul-general in Los Angeles. Promise at Dawn begins as the story of a mother's sacrifice.
Alone and poor she fights fiercely to give her son the very best. Gary chronicles his childhood with her in Russia, Poland, and on the French Riveria. And he recounts his adventurous life as a young man fighting for France in World War II. But above all he tells the story of the love for his mother that was his very life, their secret and private planet, their wonderland "born out of a mother's murmur into a child's ear, a promise whispered at dawn of future triumphs and greatness, of justice and love."
"Je crus mourir de honte. Il va sans dire que j'avais beaucoup d'illusions, car si on pouvait mourir de honte, il y a longtemps que l'humanit茅 ne serait plus l脿."
I wonder if that hasn't happened to the world? Has the kind of human being who is still capable of feeling and dying of shame been pushed aside to the benefit of another, more vulgar and therefore stronger breed that is completely shameless?
Romain Gary suffered from a loving mother. She loved him to the extent that his whole life was determined by her dreams for his success as a French officer, diplomat and writer. All his actions were based on her need for redemption - her need for repairing a failed life through her child.
It is a nightmare of gigantic proportions, and I shuddered more than once reading the autobiographical account of Romain Gary's life, moving from his Jewish-Russian roots over Poland to the C么te d'Azur before and during the Second World War.
"La promesse de l'aube" - the promise made to his mother in the beginning that he would fulfil her dreams! That promise narrowed his path, but it also served as the ultimate motivation when others around him gave up. He understood the attitude of the French capitulation, and acknowledged that they were right to arrange themselves in order to stay alive - but they were right in the same way Van Gogh would have been right to take a decent job and to stop painting. Romain Gary could not give up, as he had to keep the promise he made to his headstrong, embarrassing mother.
How did he cope?
"L'humour est une d茅claration de dignit茅, une affirmation de la sup茅riorit茅 de l'homme sur ce qui lui arrive."
What a brilliant way of describing intelligent and empathic life! And again, what happened to the dignity of a humorous approach to life in our times of public sulking?
Romain Gary's idea is that he has something he is willing to live for (which is distinctly different from being willing to DIE for something!), and that he considers the true tragedy of Faust not his act of selling his soul to the devil, but the discovery that there is no devil who wants to buy it - "il n'y a pas preneur"!
In the end, when he arrived at home in Nice after his years fighting for "la lib茅ration", as well as for literary fame and success, equipped with all the military distinctions and the news articles reviewing his first published fiction, he discovered that his mother had made a great sacrifice for him as well. A heartbreaking tale of love and power beyond human reach.
Most of the time, I choked on the omnipresence of this mythical mother figure, but in one respect I fully support her claim for her son: it should have been a Nobel Laureate!
脠 splendido quando Romain Gary scrive che la letteratura 猫 l'ultimo rifugio su questa terra per quelli che non sanno pi霉 dove andare a mettersi; pi霉 precisamente, a sbattere. Egli ha un talento indiscutibile, un talento che l'amore materno trasforma in un avvenire di speranza. Non riesce a essere mai disperato e triste fino in fondo, questo avventuriero pi霉 volte europeo e in mille modi guerriero nell'esistere. Ah, certo, amava le donne molto pi霉 delle battaglie, la madre pi霉 della vita intera, infatti ricordando il tempo vagabondo, la solitudine percepita in una folla colorata e molteplice, scrive: che lei divent貌 veramente me stesso, con tutta la sua violenza, i suoi alti e bassi, la sua mancanza di misura, la sua aggressivit脿, i suoi atteggiamenti, il suo gusto del dramma. Lo sguardo di Gary sui fatti della storia invita a diminuire l'entit脿 dell'io, ad accostarsi al sentire di coloro che soffrono e a conoscere la differenza tra il saper mentire senza falsit脿 e il dovere di usare la menzogna per mestiere. Vediamo il protagonista rannicchiato come un bambino, nell'ombra, e poi crescere e uscire da uomo maturo a costruire la propria vocazione, a fare delle pretese degli altri una statura di sostanza. Speranza illimitata metteva Gary nelle parole, se anche non poteva identificare mai un nemico personale, per irresistibile ingenuit脿, per disgrazia di riconoscersi in tutti gli altri. Quindi, leggere questo romanzo 猫 un piacere e insieme una difficolt脿, perch茅 scritto con coraggio e volont脿 di fronte a ogni dolore e violenza che si sviluppi pienamente nella realt脿, senza poter rinunciare a nulla se non a se stessi, ma per natura, per modo di essere, non per ragione. E si conclude, questa invocazione laica alla pace, alla fraternit脿 e all'amicizia, con l'auspicio che l'uomo prenda nelle sue mani la protezione della natura. Quindi, questo libro, amore per la madre, nel quale due volte ricorre il fondamentale sintagma la condizione umana, 猫 tante cose: persone, animali, oceano, ascolto, ma anche tempo, durata, addio.
鈥淚l suo volto aveva un'espressione di assoluta fiducia, di certezza. Si sarebbe detto che sapesse, che avesse fatto un patto col destino, e che in cambio della sua vita fallita le fossero state offerte alcune garanzie, fatte certe promesse. Ne ero convito anch'io; e questa consapevolezza segreta, sopprimendo il rischio, mi toglieva ogni possibilit脿 di caracollare eroicamente in mezzo ai pericoli, in un certo senso mi disinnescava, e per questo mi sentivo anche irritato e indignato鈥�.
At first I thought I had never read anything like it, but after a while parallels began to suggest themselves. For effortless brilliance and endless streams of believe-it-or-not anecdotes, I thought of Surely You're Joking, Mr Feynman; but Feynman, despite being a wonderful storyteller, isn't literary, and Gary is with good reason proud of his ability to create perfectly balanced French sentences. Feyerabend's Killing Time has the same stylistic sophistication, absurd bragging and refusal to acknowledge authority, but Feyerabend is primarily a philosopher, and Gary has no interest in the philosophical. Ingmar Bergman's Laterna Magica has the searching self-examination, matter-of-fact heartlessness towards women and artistic integrity, but Bergman comes across as completely anchored in reality.
Towards the end of the book, however, I remembered another exiled francophone Russian, guiltily recalling all the terrible things he had done during the course of his life and trying to justify them in terms of his one great love, and I began to identify Gary more and more with the narrator of Nabokov's Ada. Alas, there would be no miraculous reunion in Geneva...
"陌yi olan, annelerin 莽ocuklar谋 d谋艧谋nda da birilerini sevebilmesi. Annemin bir a艧谋臒谋 olsayd谋 e臒er, oluk oluk akan her 莽e艧menin ba艧谋nda susuzluktan 枚lmezdim hayat boyu."
Annemin e艧i Alev Er'in 艦afakta Verilmi艧 S枚z眉m Vard谋'y谋 ilk kez 莽evirmesinin 眉zerinden 40, benim bu kitab谋 okuyup vurulmam谋n 眉zerinden 20 sene ge莽ti ve yeniden bulu艧tuk. Gary'nin annesiyle ili艧kisinin derinlerine dald谋臒谋, en otobiyografik eseri olan ve asl谋nda bir bildungsroman diyebilece臒imiz bu kitab谋 kendi "bildung" s眉recimin farkl谋 a艧amalar谋nda okumak 莽ok iyi hissettirdi - 15 ya艧谋mdayken ba艧ka t眉rl眉 sevmi艧tim, 艧imdi ba艧ka t眉rl眉 sevdim.
Alev Abi, Gary'nin haklar谋 Sel'e ge莽ip kitap yeniden bas谋lacak olunca eski 莽eviriye bir g枚z atmak i莽in oturdu臒unda yazar谋n 1980'de yap谋lan son bask谋ya bir b枚l眉m ekledi臒ini fark etti: 陌lk bask谋da olmayan Zaremba adl谋 bir karakteri (bence harika bir karakter) i莽eren kocaman bir b枚l眉m. Gary, 1980 sonundaki "脟ok e臒lendim, te艧ekk眉r ederim. Ho艧莽akal谋n." c眉mleleriyle biten o unutulmaz mektubu ard谋nda b谋rakarak intihar edi艧inden evvel son bir kez dokunmak istemi艧 kitab谋na anla艧谋lan. Bu bask谋, Avrupa edebiyat谋n谋n bence son b眉y眉k klasiklerinden birinin niha卯 versiyonu.
Avrupa demi艧ken - tam bir Avrupa roman谋 bu. Kundera, Gary, Marias gibi baz谋 yazarlar谋 Avrupa fikrinden ba臒谋ms谋z okuman谋n ve anlaman谋n imkans谋z oldu臒unu d眉艧眉n眉yorum. Avrupa k谋tas谋 de臒il ama: fikri. Bir fikir, bir idea ve ideal, kimi zaman bir 眉topya ve kimi zaman bir hayal k谋r谋kl谋臒谋 olarak Avrupa. Bir Rus Yahudisi annenin Litvanya do臒umlu o臒lunun Goncourt 脰d眉ll眉 bir yazar ve Liberation Ha莽谋 sahibi bir asker ve ba艧konsolos olmas谋n谋n 枚yk眉s眉: tam bir Avrupa, Avrupal谋l谋k hik芒yesi bu i艧te.
Gary'nin dilimize 莽evrilmi艧 neredeyse t眉m kitaplar谋n谋 okudum ben ve kendime hep 艧unu sorar谋m: bu kadar idealist, umutlu, muzip bir adam nas谋l kendini 枚ld眉r眉r? Ben hayat谋mda umudu onun kadar g眉zel anlatan kimseyi okumad谋m 莽眉nk眉. Sorunun cevab谋n谋 h芒l芒 bilmiyorum.
Benim i莽in bir geri d枚n眉艧 kitab谋 olan bu eser, bence Gary okumaya ba艧lamak i莽in en do臒ru adres. Bu sonsuz sevdi臒im, c眉mleleriyle hayat谋m谋n son 20 senesinde b眉y眉k izler b谋rakm谋艧 adam谋n daha 莽ok okunmas谋n谋 莽ok isterim.
Helen鈥檚 face may have launched a thousand ships in the Iliad, but Roman Gary鈥檚 mother takes the prize for launching and totally shaping her son鈥檚 dramatic life. The successes of Gary鈥檚 career--a prize-winning novelist, an officer who was brave against the enemies of France in WW2, and a diplomat for the French government--were all worked out from early childhood through collusion with her ambitious fantasies for his fate. She outdoes the grip of McCourt鈥檚 mom his development in 鈥淎ngela鈥檚 Ashes鈥� and is more persistently indelible than Jeanette Wells鈥� mother in 鈥淭he Glass Castle.鈥� Yet here we get a prolonged testament of the beneficence of her love through his life, which puts it more in league with the positive testament of McBride鈥檚 鈥淭he Color of Water: A Black Man鈥檚 Tribute to His White Mother.鈥� The tradeoff for Gary comes in the discovery much later of not being able to achieve a comparable nurturing and inspiration through love relationships as a mature adult. You can鈥檛 help looking for the psychopathology in this bond, but more often I was swept along with the sentimental and heroic aspects of the story.
We start with him in his 40s, inexplicably on a beach in Big Sur, California, about 1960, where he dwells on his sense of isolation and seeking the womb-like balm he often gets from the sea. He can鈥檛 help recognizing the void in his life with the loss of his mother, Mina, during the war. From as early as he can remember, it was just her and him, starting with an early impoverished childhood in Vilnius (then part of the Soviet Union), his Jewish father having abandoned them. Her past as a minor actress in Moscow gives her the imagination for a better life for her son. She works her way up from menial jobs to a certain level of success running a consignment shop and then after a move to Warsaw the development of a store selling fake Paris fashions. The lure of France becomes big for both of them and soon her approach to bankruptcy after expensive treatments of Romain鈥檚 kidney disease leads them to gamble on a move to Nice. She makes enough, with a lot of sacrifice, to get him a Catholic education. It was painful for me to experience her working out her dreams of a brilliant future for him in one sphere after another, first in music, then in dance, and painting after that, in each case resulting in a thumb-down verdict by his teachers and tutors about any special talents. Finally, his reading of so much Romantic literature at an early age leads them to settle on writing, which for Mina is on the track toward a Nobel Prize in literature.
Romain develops the good habits of a writer but doesn鈥檛 exactly rise like a rocket. In the meantime, he goes off to law school out of secondary school, consistent with another dream they cook up for him to eventually become a French ambassador. The approach of war leads them next to pursue officers training school, which aligns with a state department ambition as well as serving their beloved new nation. Romain spends quite a bit of time defending this case of a mother and son living through and for each other as wholesome and not a reflection of various Freudian complexes. Yet is first experience of sex in his early teens with a charming housemaid leads her to a searing judgement:
鈥滿other or no mother, there will never be another woman to love you the way she does. That鈥檚 God鈥檚 honest truth鈥�. It was. But I didn鈥檛 know it then. It was only after my fortieth winter that I began to understand. It was wrong to have been loved so much so young, so early 鈥� you thus acquire a bad habit, the worst habit there is: the habit of being loved. 鈥ou believe 鈥hat it will always be there around you,鈥� that the world owes it to you, and you keep looking, thirsting, summoning, until you find yourself 鈥� with only your brother the ocean able to understand your heart. In your mother鈥檚 love, life makes you a promise at the dawn of life that it will never keep. 鈥ou will go hungry to the end of your days.
Despite this smothery theme, there was a lot of fun and vibrant life in Gary鈥檚 portrayal of scenes from his life along the way, rendered alternatingly in poignant or comic tones. His helping his mother to make income, his learning to deal with bullies at school, his inspiration from mentors of his mind and writing, and his dogged persistence in getting through the rigors and cruelty of aviation training school. Then his separation from home to go to war proudly in a bomber squadron, followed soon by abject despair and a sense of betrayal over France鈥檚 surrender to Hitler and then a succumbing to the call by de Gaulle in exile in England to flee and fight on, first in Morocco and then with the Allies from a base in England. Only 5 of 50 in his group of foreign exiles survived the war. He kept up his writing and published his first novel by the end of the war. After the war, in parallel to his work in the diplomatic corps, his writing of a range of novels earned him two Prix Concourt awards (Roots of Heaven, 1958; The Life Before Us, 1975鈥攂oth of which were made into films). Gary鈥檚 use of humor makes his memoirs a special treat, ranging from slapstick and low humor on one end to refined self-mockery and satirical lashings of humans in general on the other.
Beyond the frame of this book, Gary got divorced from his first wife and soon married the talented and troubled actress Jean Seberg, with whom he had a son. He got involved in Hollywood scriptwriting (e.g. 鈥淭he Longest Day鈥� as well as adaptations of his own book). Wiki surprises me by informing me that Gary challenged Clint Eastwood to a duel for having an affair with his wife. She committed suicide in France in 1979 and he did so a year later, leaving a note that claimed a lack of connection to his choice. Success in his life I guess did not guarantee a durable happiness. His talent in telling a story well lives on.
N茫o 茅 bom ser-se amado assim, t茫o novo, t茫o cedo. Criam-se maus h谩bitos. Julga-se que 茅 poss铆vel encontrar outros semelhantes. Conta-se com isso. Procura-se, espera-se. Com o amor materno a vida faz-vos, no alvorecer, uma promessa que nunca vem cumprir-se.
J谩 li v谩rias mem贸rias sobre m茫es, umas mais deprimentes como 鈥淯ma Morte Suave鈥� de Simone de Beauvoir e 鈥淐arta para Minha M茫e鈥� de Georges Simenon, outras mais mirabolantes como 鈥淣ascido um Crime鈥� de Trevor Noah e 鈥淭u N茫o 茅s Como as Outras M茫es鈥�, de Angelika Schrobsdorff, mas esta 茅 a mais pungente, e a n铆vel de homenagem a um progenitor s贸 encontro equivalente em 鈥淪omos o Esquecimento que Seremos鈥� de H茅ctor Abad Faciolince, que recomendo a toda a gente (que o encontre). Por 鈥淎 Promessa鈥� tamb茅m meto as m茫os no fogo e ando a adiar a recens茫o por cansa莽o e por receio de n茫o lhe fazer justi莽a, mas aqui estou eu a vender o meu peixe: estas mem贸rias l锚em-se como a melhor fic莽茫o, com protagonistas maiores do que a vida e um sarcasmo muito ado莽ado com ternura, com as pequenas vergonhas que s贸 uma m茫e sabe proporcionar, com as pequenas conquistas que s贸 uma m茫e sabe aplaudir, com os pequenos empurr玫es que s贸 uma m茫e sabe dar. E um pai tamb茅m, claro, mas aqui 茅 uma rela莽茫o de uma m茫e solteira e de um filho 煤nico, logo com uma din芒mica e uma interdepend锚ncia muito pr贸prias. Nina, uma judia russa a viver em Vilnius quando Gary recorda os primeiros acontecimentos de inf芒ncia que o encaminharam para ser o 鈥渉appy end鈥� da m茫e, 茅 o caso cabal de um progenitor que tenta realizar-se atrav茅s do filho, que tenta superar todas as suas frustra莽玫es passadas depositando nele todos os seus sonhos de grandeza. Para que n茫o lhe falte o bife di谩rio, Nina revela-se uma mulher dos sete of铆cios.
A minha m茫e transformou um quarto em canil, abriu uma pens茫o para c茫es, gatos e aves, leu a sina, aceitou pensionistas, assumiu a ger锚ncia de um pr茅dio, agiu como intermedi谩ria numa ou duas vendas de terrenos.
Incentiva-o a experimentar todas as artes e desportos em que ele possa brilhar, dando azo a epis贸dios hilariantes em que o jovem Gary experimenta ser tenista, pintor, m煤sico, actor e inclusive malabarista, at茅 decidir aos 12 anos que 茅 como escritor que singrar锟斤拷.
Suplicava-me, al茅m do mais, que n茫o me batesse em duelo, porque as mortes de Lermontov e de Puchkine foram para ela um eterno pesadelo. Como o meu g茅nio liter谩rio lhe parecia t茫o grande como o deles, ela receava que eu viesse a ser o terceiro grande escritor morto em duelo.
脡 uma m茫e que deposita nele uma f茅 sem limites e move mundos e fundos para emigrarem para Fran莽a, o 煤nico pa铆s em que sabe que o seu Romantchik-Romucka pode vir ser um artista e um diplomata de sucesso.
Evidentemente, aos 55 anos 茅 um pouco infantil acreditarmos em tudo o que a nossa m茫e predisse acerca do nosso futuro, mas eu n茫o consigo fugir a isso. N茫o consegui reconstruir o mundo, vencer a animalidade e o mal, restituir a dignidade e a justi莽a aos homens, mas consegui ganhar o torneio de pingue-pongue de Nice em 1932.
Apesar de todos os sacrif铆cios que faz por ele, 茅 uma m茫e exigente e severa, com um c贸digo de honra imperturb谩vel.
- Ol谩. O camarada ainda se conserva entre n贸s? Julg谩vamos que j谩 tivesse partido para Fran莽a, onde o esperam t茫o impacientemente. (...) O mas velho do grupo interveio: - L谩 n茫o aceitam as velhas 鈥榗ocottes鈥�. (...) Quando a minha m茫e regressou a casa, fui ao seu encontro e contei-lhe tudo. (...) - Ouve-me bem. Na pr贸xima vez que isto te acontecer, que insultem a tua m茫e diante de ti, prefiro que te tragam para casa numa padiola. (...) Lembra-te do que te digo. A partir de agora ter谩s de me defender. 脡-me indiferente que te partam a cara. Fingi n茫o perceber, ter apenas 12 anos, esconder-me, mas compreendi muit铆ssimo bem.
脡 este jovem idealista que, quando estala a Segunda Guerra Mundial, se alista na For莽a A茅rea com a inten莽茫o de deixar a sua m茫e orgulhosa e sobreviver com gl贸ria.
Pensei em todas as batalhas que iria travar por ela, na promessa que tinha feito a mim mesmo, na alvorada da minha vida, de fazer-lhe justi莽a, de dar um sentido ao seu sacrif铆cio e de regressar um dia ao lar.
Romain Gary haveria de sobreviver 脿 guerra condecorado, apesar de ter sido ferido, e haveria de se tornar diplomata e um escritor famoso premiado por duas vezes com o Prix Goncourt, de se casar com a bela Jean Seberg, mas creio que a forma tr谩gica como morreu teria dado um desgosto insuport谩vel 脿 sua m茫e se nessa altura ainda fosse viva. E at茅 na morte Nina fez as coisas 脿 sua maneira.
Ainda considerava a vida como um g茅nero liter谩rio.
I read this more or less alongside to Nabokov鈥檚 . There are some obvious parallels between the two writers, or may be the situation, since both were Russians who left soon after the 1917 revolution, where fifteen years apart (Gary was the younger) and who then wrote in the language of the country (countries) where they lived/nationalized. And in both books, we are presented with some sort of biographical account. Nabokov鈥檚 is a literary unveiling of the trappings of this genre, while Gary鈥檚 is presented at face value. There the similarities end.
Gary鈥檚 is a true-to-life memoir of his youth under the persistent guidance of an utterly devoted mother. The book is really an homage to her. She was unmarried and Gary provides just a little information about his father 鈥� married and with children on his side. This further supports the strength and determination of the woman, of Jewish origins. We follow Gary as they moved to Poland, first in Vilnius and then in Warsaw, until they can finally move to France, to the Provence coast. Gary grew under the hammering conviction that La France was the greatest of all countries 鈥� the model of civility for the rest of the world.
We are therefore far away from the world of cynical Nabokov. For a tenderness and unquestioned love permeates the pages of this book. Granted, this ever loving and admiring mother at times became oppressive to a male youth, embarrassing him in front of neighbours, or worse, in front of military companions, with the uncontrolled emanation of praise for her dear and incomparable son. But Gary never doubts the bottomless love from her mother, which does succeed in guiding him through his difficult life. She was indeed a promise at dawn for him.
One memorable aspect is that as Gary was choosing the paths in his life, he says that behind all his strivings to grow under and develop within one of the arts (and he had a hand in music, in painting, in dancing, until finally writing paved his way), there was always a moral goal. Behind his aesthetic longings there was always the ingrained belief that through art, or may be behind the art, there was the aspiration of a better and just world 鈥� a happier one. He was an idealist.
What surprised me and made me rethink about my earlier impression of his , was that he exhibited the great masterly ability of being able to write in different voices. This is a fact, since he fooled the French literary circles during the fifteen years that separated the publication of the two works. And yet, now, reading this earlier work, I could identify the grounds for the filial love that infiltrates both books. Momo is a transliterated version of Romain himself.
This memoir also made me smile when the young Romain spends hours trying to find a 鈥榥om de plume鈥� even before he begins writing anything 鈥� pseudonyms and the fabrication of a personality was then from very early on ingrained in Gary鈥檚 being. In spite of the candid and warm tone of Romain Gary鈥檚 memories of his youth, the reader wonders how much of the account is projecting a wished-for personality and whether one is falling in a beguiling game.
So, after all, this takes us back to Nabokov and his meditation on the artificiality in the writing of biographies. If Nabokov presented the issue in a veiled intellectual manner, the issue is however brought to the fore. But with Romain Gary we are dealing with something else. The fabrication is veiled, disguised, and the reader walks away from this book with the question: "Who is behind the curtain?"
Autobiografinis romanas apie tai, kad bambagysl臈 gali nenutr奴kti po gimdymo - s奴n懦 ir motin膮 ji jungia net po jos mirties, iki s奴naus gyvenimo pabaigos.
Atviras pasakojimas apie tai, kaip motinos meil臈 gali b奴ti ir gyvenimo varikliu, ir kompleks懦 bei skausming懦 nes臈kmi懦 拧altiniu.
Motina - keista, savoti拧ka asmenyb臈, pasirinkusi dievinti savo vaik膮 ir paskyrusi vis膮 savo gyvenim膮 jo 拧lovinimui, ugdymui, i拧laikymui, atsities plan懦 k奴rimui. 艩i moteris yra be galo stipri: ji grumiasi su gyvenimu, nepaisydama joki懦 aplinkybi懦 (skurdo, sunkios ligos, pa啪eminim懦, did啪iulio vidinio skausmo). Ta膷iau 拧alia motini拧kos meil臈s savo vaikui u啪krauna ir vyri拧k膮 pareig膮, kuri vis膮 gyvenim膮 yra jam per sunkiai pakeliama: apginti motin膮, atrasti gyvenime ties膮 - pakyl臈ti j膮, i拧pildyti jos svajones. 艩itai tampa ir s奴naus gyvenimo varikliu, ir did啪iuli懦 kompleks懦 拧altiniu. "Kai tau tai atsitiks dar kart膮, kai dar kart膮 tau girdint bus 寞啪eista tavo motina, nor臈膷iau, kad namo tave pargabent懦 ant ne拧tuv懦. Supratai? A拧 netekau amo. Jos veidas buvo visi拧kai neperprantamas, labai grie啪tas. Akyse nebuvo n臈 拧lakelio u啪uojautos. Negal臈jau patik臈ti, kad tai kalba mano motina. Kaip ji dr寞so? Ar a拧 nebuvau jos Romu拧ka, jos ma啪asis princas, jos brangiausias turtas? - Nor臈膷iau, kad tave pargabent懦 namo kruvin膮, girdi? Net jeigu neliks n臈 vieno sveiko kaulo, supratai?".
S奴nus, nor臈damas atlyginti motinai u啪 patirt膮 gyvenimo neteisyb臋, ry啪tasi 寞gyvendinti visus jos planus. 艩imtu procent懦 拧oka pagal mamos d奴del臋, net nesvarstydamas apie kitokias galimybes. Pasakojime pasigirsta ir kitoks tonas: nuovargis, noras i拧silaisvinti ir atsikratyti sunkiasvor臈s motinos meil臈s. Kadangi pasakojama retrospektyviai, subrendusio 啪mogaus ap啪velgiamas jo gyvenimas, patirtys ir jausmai. Atvirai atskleid啪iami skausmingi, gal 啪mogui net g臈dingi dalykai (juk autorius kalba apie savo gyvenim膮!). Pasakojimas apima visus autoriaus gyvenimo etapus: nuo vaikyst臈s iki brandos. Visuose juose girdimas drovaus, prie mamos prisiri拧usio ma啪o berniuko balsas. Labai vertinu 啪inomo ir gerbiamo 啪mogaus sprendim膮 taip atvirai kalb臈ti apie intymiausias savo sielos kerteles.
Citata, puikiai perteikianti autoriaus ir jo motinos santyk寞 bei tokio santykio pasekmes: "Tik pri臈j臋s ketvirt膮 de拧imt寞 prad臈jau tai suprasti. Negerai, kai tave taip myli labai jaun膮, taip anksti. Tada 寞gyji blog懦 寞pro膷i懦. Manai, kad taip ir turi b奴ti. Manai, kad tai ka啪in kur egzistuoja, kad gali tai surasti. Tikiesi. Ie拧kai, viliesi, lauki. Su motinos meile gyvenimas pa膷ioj au拧roj duoda tau pa啪ad膮, kurio nei拧tesi. Paskui iki pat dien懦 galo esi priverstas valgyti 拧alt膮 maist膮. Paskui kiekvien膮syk, kai moteris tave apgl臈bia, prispaud啪ia prie 拧irdies, jauti, kad tai - tiktai u啪uojauta. Ir nuolat, staugdamas kaip benamis 拧uo, sugr寞啪ti prie motinos kapo. Jau niekados, niekados, niekados. 沤avingos rankos apsiveja tau apie kakl膮, be galo 拧velnios l奴pos kalba apie meil臋, bet tu jau visk膮 啪inai. Labai anksti prigludai prie 拧altinio ir j寞 i拧g臈rei iki dugno. Kai v臈l ima kankinti tro拧kulys, berg啪d啪iai bla拧kaisi 寞 visas puses, 拧altini懦 neb臈ra, yra tiktai mira啪ai. Sulig pirmuoju au拧ros blyksniu i拧tyrei meil臋 labai kruop拧膷iai, ir ji paliko tavyje 寞spaud膮. Kad ir kur eitum, visur ne拧iesi palyginim懦 nuod膮 ir lauki to, k膮 jau gavai.
A拧 nesakau, kad reikia drausti motinoms myl臈ti savo ma啪ylius. A拧 tik sakau, kad b奴t懦 daug geriau, jei motinos tur臈t懦 k膮 myl臈ti ir be tav臋s. <...> Savo nelaimei, a拧 i拧manau, kas yra tikri deimantai".
Gary was enchanting as a man (a real 'poseur' as they say in French) and as a writer, and nothing can put you more under his spell than this autobiography. The novel is focussed on the impressive, but also suffocating figure of his mother, who sacrificed her life for him (getting her family out of Soviet-occupied Latvia and building up a new life in France). But she also continually drove him beyond the limit, at least that is what this book suggests.
The novel is a real gem, because of the layer of humour and the beautiful, lived-through storytelling. But the pedantic fringes, the exagerated worldly wisdoms and the egocentric focus of Gary regularly cause irritation. He can so overdo it that one can question his credibility. Anyway: I love his style so much (he writes the most melodic French), that I can forgive him his defaults.
This was not the first time I've read a memoir written by a man where the story revolves not only around himself, but also around his mother. I still remember reading Nicholas Gage's "Eleni" where I had the urge to go to Greece and visit the grave of Eleni, Mr. Gage's mother. Frank McCourt's mother wasn't dead yet at the end of "Angela's Ashes" but the story was well-crafted and she was so heroic there that I wasted no time finding out what happened later in "'Tis." In both "Eleni" and "Angela's Ashes" the power was in the stories themselves. Of course, both Messrs. Gage and McCourt are excellent writers and one can say that even the best plot, if narrated badly, ends up an insipid tale not worth telling. But "Promise at Dawn" may be an exception to this. I feel that even a less than sterling narration would not be able to mess up the great story that is in here. It has the tragedy of "Eleni," the humor of "Angela's Ashes," the pathos of both, and more. It has prophecy, the promise at dawn. Gary (real name Romain Kacew) and his mother were poor Russians. His father abandoned them immediately after Gary was born. He became his mother's reason for living and the sole meaning of all her painful struggles. Remember McCourt seeing his mother beg for food in "Angela's Ashes"? Here, Gary recalls having beefsteak during lunchtime when he was a young boy, his mother happily watching him while he eats. She says she can't eat the same because she's on a diet. One day, after he had eaten, he saw his mother hungrily eating her bread after wiping bits thereof upon the leftover sauce and oil of his beefsteak. He left her and wept.
His mother has high hopes for him and is sure he would be successful someday. Gary is only about 8 years old but she tells everyone that they will live in France; her son will become famous; he will be a French Ambassador, write books, win the Nobel Prize for literature and will have his suits made in London. This exuberant pride was a constant embarassment to the young Gary. Eerily, all these became true except the winning of the Nobel Prize (Gary did win, however, France's highest literary award, the Prix Goncourt, TWICE--the only person to do so).
And what great writing especially if, like myself, you read it in the original French!--
"Avec l'amour maternel, la vie vous fait a l'aube une promesse qu'elle ne tient jamais. On est oblige ensuite de manger froid jusqu'a la fin de ses jours. Apres cela, chaque fois qu'une femme vous prend dans ses bras et vous serre sur son coer, ce ne sont pllus que des condoleances. On revient toujours gueuler sur la tombe de sa mere comme un chien abandonne. Jamais plus, jamais plus, jamais plus. Des bras adorables se referment autour de votre cou et des levres tres douces vous parlent d'amour, mais vous etes au courant. Vous etes passe a la source tres tot et vous avez tout bu. Lorsque la soif vous reprend, vous avez beau vous jeter de tous cotes, il n'y a plus de puits, il n'y a que des mirages. Vous avez fait, des la premiere lueur de l'aube, une etude tres serree de l'amour et vous avez sur vous de la documentation. Partout ou vous allez, vous portez en vous le poison des comparaisons et vous passez votre temps a attendre ce que vous avez deja recu."
Too bad that after all his successes in life Mr. Gary shot himself to death on 2 December 1980, a year after his second wife, the beautiful actress Jean Seberg, had committed suicide. Ms Seberg was said to have been unfaithful, having affairs with other men like Warren Beatty, Clint Eastwood, etc. This proved, once more, that even as a mother's love can bring a man to the gate of heaven, a wife's love can drag him back to the depths of hell.
Romain Gary benim ge莽 kald谋臒谋m yazarlardan biri. Kendisiyle yolum ilk defa, y谋llar 枚nce鈥漁nca Yoksulluk Varken鈥� kitab谋yla kesi艧ti. Ancak herkesin 莽ok sevdi臒i o kitap, benim 莽ocuk anlat谋c谋yla bar谋艧amama y眉z眉nden benim i莽in hep s眉r眉ncemede kald谋, geriye 30-40 sayfa kalmas谋na ra臒men asla sonunu getiremedim. 脰nyarg谋lar谋m ve tekrar denemeye karar verdi臒imde ba艧ka eserlerine ge莽mek yerine devam edemedi臒im kitab谋nda 谋srarc谋 olu艧um bug眉ne kadar yazarla benim aramda karanl谋k bir bo艧luk kalmas谋na sebep oldu.
Sonunda ya艧anmas谋 gereken o tan谋艧ma olabilecek en duygusal 艧ekilde ya艧and谋. 艦afakta Verilmi艧 S枚z眉m Vard谋鈥檇a otobiyografi okuyaca臒谋m谋 biliyordum ancak bu kadar a莽谋k, filtresiz ve vurucu bir hikayeyi beklemiyordum. Kitap her ne kadar Romain Gary鈥檔in otobiyografisi gibi okunsa da asl谋nda b眉t眉n an谋lar谋n ba艧 karakteri annesi Nina Kacew. Hayat谋n her a艧amas谋nda elinden geleni yap谋p yine de kaybeden tarafa savrulmu艧 bir annenin hayatta b眉t眉n ama莽lar谋n谋 ve g眉c眉n眉 o臒lunu kazanan tarafa ge莽irebilme, Vilnius鈥檛a yoksullu臒un ve kaosun ortas谋na do臒an o臒lunu Frans谋z B眉y眉kel莽isi ve 枚d眉ll眉 bir yazar yapma hayallerinin ve bunun ger莽e臒e ula艧mas谋n谋n hikayesi bir bak谋ma. Ancak b枚yle imkans谋z bir hayalin ger莽e臒e ula艧t谋臒谋n谋 g枚rmek kadar anne o臒ul aras谋ndaki grotesk ili艧kiyi ve bu ili艧kiyi okuduk莽a kan谋ksay谋p yad谋rgamay谋 b谋rakt谋臒谋n谋z谋 farketmeniz daha 艧a艧谋rt谋c谋 olabilir. Hayat谋 boyunca b眉t眉n g眉c眉n眉, eme臒ini ve hatta a艧k谋n谋 o臒lundan 莽ok 眉nl眉 bir sanat莽谋 ve g眉莽l眉 bir adam yaratabilmek i莽in 莽ocu臒una adayan ve bu yol ile bir bak谋ma hayattan alaca臒谋n谋 tahsil etmeyi planlayan bir annenin, yaratt谋臒谋 o g眉莽l眉 erke臒i bir yandan da annesi d谋艧谋nda hi莽 kimsenin yeterince sevemeyece臒i ve hep yaln谋z hissedece臒i k谋r谋lgan bir erkek 莽ocu臒una hapsetmesini bu ac谋y谋 莽eken ki艧inin kaleminden okumak 莽ok enteresan. 脟眉nk眉 hayat谋n谋n koca bir trajediye d枚n眉艧mesine 眉zerine sava艧 eklenmesine, ac谋lar谋na, pi艧manl谋klar谋na, yaln谋zl谋臒谋na ve s谋k谋艧m谋艧l谋臒谋na ra臒men y眉re臒iniz -en az谋ndan d眉艧眉nd眉臒眉n眉z 枚l莽眉de- daralm谋yor. Bunda yazar谋n benimsedi臒i, bu kitab谋nda da ge莽en ama bence 莽eviride biraz g眉c眉n眉 kaybetmi艧 olan 鈥淟鈥檋umour est une d茅claration de dignit茅, une affirmation de la sup茅riorit茅 de l鈥檋omme sur ce qui lui arrive. ( Humor is an affirmation of dignity, a declaration of man鈥檚 superiority to all that befalls him.)鈥� manifestosu 莽ok etkili. Bu konuda bir genelleme yapmak asla do臒ru de臒il biliyorum ama bu kendimi durduraca臒谋m anlam谋na gelmiyor; travmalarla k谋r谋l谋p par莽alara ayr谋lm谋艧 hayatlar谋n谋 bir arada tutmaya yeniden b眉t眉nlenmeye 莽al谋艧anlar谋n ortak yolu olarak mizah谋n ac谋y谋 ve karanl谋臒谋 y谋k谋c谋 etkisine s谋臒谋nmas谋 b眉t眉n kitaba hakim. Bazen g眉l眉mseyerek okudu臒unuz bir c眉mlenin ger莽ek hayattaki trajedisini 眉莽 saniye sonra idrak ediyorsunuz, g眉l眉msemeniz y眉z眉n眉zde donup kal谋yor ve 鈥� nas谋l bir ac谋 bu鈥� diye kalakal谋yorsunuz. Bir bak谋ma hayat谋n kendisiyle oynad谋臒谋 gibi, Romain Gary - hayat谋 boyunca yapt谋臒谋 眉zere- okuruyla oynuyor. Size hayat谋n谋n en gizli an谋lar谋na kadar a莽arken bir yandan da 鈥� ne kadar谋n谋n ger莽ek oldu臒unu d眉艧眉n眉p dur 艧imdi鈥� deyip ortada b谋rak谋yor. Bu y眉zden 莽ok sevdim. 艦afakta Verilmi艧 S枚z眉m Vard谋 benim yazarla ili艧kimi silip en ba艧谋ndan yazan bir kitap oldu. Belki bir g眉n Onca Yoksulluk Varken鈥檌 de bitiririm kim bilir. Ayr谋ca kitab谋 okuduktan sonra 鈥溑瀉fakta Verilmi艧 S枚z眉m Vard谋鈥� c眉mleci臒i 枚yle bir t谋nl谋yor ki i莽imde her seferinde g枚zlerim doluyor. Verdikleri s枚zleri tutmalar谋 zaman谋n d枚n眉艧s眉zl眉臒眉nden imkans谋za d眉艧m眉艧 her insan谋n i莽inde kor gibi kalacakt谋r bu kitap.
this book is for the burnt-out "gifted" kids whose parents have such high expectations for them that they end up feeling like they're never gonna be good enough, no matter how hard they try <3 ( i am said "kids"馃構)
Caro Romain, lo confesso, mentre leggevo questo tuo libro, che non sapevo essere una autobiografia parziale, ti pensavo un po' guascone, - un po' sborone come diciamo noi a Roma - un po' viziato e perch茅 no, anche molto cocco di mamma. Per貌 quella mamma ingombrante e sicura di te 猫 stata anche il tuo faro e tu sei stato il suo, e quella luce e quell'amore illumina tutte le quasi quattrocento pagine di questo libro, attraversandole con la stessa forza e lo stesso ardore con cui avete attraversato la Lituania e la Polonia per poi approdare in Francia, la tua Patria, la vostra terra promessa, con lo stesso spirito indomabile con cui hai combattuto la seconda guerra mondiale, con quel coraggio e con quella modestia con cui ti schernisci di fronte alla crocetta verde della Legione d'onore che portavi appuntata sulla divisa.
Mi hai fatta sorridere caro Romain, mi hai fatto comprendere quanto amavi la vita, come non ti sottomettessi mai a niente e a nessuno, nemmeno quando la vita stessa ti si rivoltava contro e i tre beffardi spiriti, Tatouche il dio della stupidit脿, Merzavka il dio delle certezze assolute, Filoche il dio della meschinit脿, ti si ponevano sul cammino. Scrivevi, ricordando quei tempi di guerra, 芦Mentre stavo nuotando, per la prima volta mi venne l'idea del suicidio. Ma la mia non 猫 una natura sottomessa, e la mia guancia sinistra non 猫 a disposizione di nessuno禄, ma allora cos'猫 successo molti anni pi霉 tardi da indurti a cambiare idea?
Ma questa, quella avvenuta molti anni pi霉 tardi, 猫 un'altra storia, quella della promessa dell'alba invece 猫 la storia di un amore cos矛 grande, quello tra un piccolo bambino lituano e la sua mamma, una donna sola ma determinata che lo vuole e lo sente predestinato a fare grandi cose nella vita: essere un artista e diventare ambasciatore francese, un piccolo bambino destinato ad essere un grande uomo, solo perch茅 la sua mamma ha deciso che lo sar脿.
Mi sono divertita, ho trepidato con te, ogni tanto mi sono anche sentita un po' presa in giro da quella tua sbruffonaggine da sigaro in bocca e giacca di cuoio, ma anche io mi sono fatta incantare da quegli occhi azzurri e da quell'aria un po' da sognatore alla Saint-Exupery, quegli occhi che la tua mamma amava tanto guardare.
Sar脿 per questo che allora, all'ultima pagina, mi lasci qui con le lacrime che scivolano silenziose sulle mie guance; perch茅 eri un'anima bella e sapere che alla fine non ce l'hai fatta mi lascia una grande tristezza nel cuore.
Vorrei essere anche io sulla spiaggia di Big Sur adesso, e poter dire come te 芦Ecco. Presto bisogner脿 che lasci la spiaggia, dove ormai da tanto tempo sto sdraiato ad ascoltare il mare. Ci sar脿 un po' di nebbia stasera, su Big Sur, e far脿 fresco e io non ho mai imparato ad accendere il fuoco e a riscaldarmi. Ma voglio tentare di restare ancora un poco, ad ascoltare, perch茅 ho sempre l'impressione di essere sul punto di capire ci貌 che l'Oceano mi dice. Chiudo gli occhi, sorrido, ascolto... Ho ancora di queste curiosit脿. Pi霉 la spiaggia 猫 deserta e pi霉 mi sembra popolata. Le foche si sono zittite, sulle rocce, e io resto l脿, gli occhi chiusi, sorridendo, e immagino che una di loro mi si avvicini dolcemente e di sentire all'improvviso contro la mia guancia, o nella piega della spalla un muso affettuoso... Ho vissuto.禄 E poi guardarti negli occhi e dirti che la tua mamma era orgogliosa di te, gi脿 da molto tempo prima.
[edit, 16 marzo 2019] E ora arriva il film e, lo confesso, un po' palpito e un po tremo.
Como assim, n茫o posso dar mais do que 5 estrelas?!
Como 茅 que algu茅m consegue escrever desta maneira ao longo de 400 p谩ginas?
Quando n茫o estava com um sorriso nos l谩bios 脿 conta do humor subtil铆ssimo ou da ironia elegante, ficava enternecida com o amor dele pela m茫e - e com o dela por ele - ou emocionada com os epis贸dios da vida dif铆cil de dois expatriados - uma m茫e solteira com ambi莽玫es desmedidas para o seu filho 煤nico, que parece ter escapado 脿 morte umas tantas vezes por interven莽茫o "divina" - ou seja, da m茫e que o acompanhou sempre, mesmo quando se encontrava fisicamente muito distante.
Parece imposs铆vel que o autor tenha realmente vivido tantas aventuras e sobrevivido a tantos desastres, mas as in煤meras refer锚ncias a situa莽玫es e personagens reais, incluindo colegas aviadores, far茫o certamente prova do que nos conta nestas maravilhosas mem贸rias. De qualquer modo, se 茅 assim que ele recorda a sua vida, quem somos n贸s para o contrariar?
Este foi direitinho para a prateleira dos favoritos, onde se juntou ao outro livro do mesmo autor Uma Vida 脿 Sua Frente.
N茫o sei se chego ao final do ano sem pegar n' As Ra铆zes do C茅u...
What do you mean I cannot give this more than 5 stars?!
How can someone write like this for 400 pages?
When I wasn't smiling on the account of the very subtle humour or the very elegant irony, I was touched by his love for his mother - and by her love for him - or moved by the scenes of the hard life of two expats - a single mom with disproportionate ambitions for her only son, who seems to have escaped death an uncanny amount of times by "divine" intervention - or because of the constant presence of his mother, even when she was very far away.
It seems impossible for the author to have lived so many adventures and survived so many accidents, but the numerous references to real situations and people, including his fellow airmen, should be proof enough of what he tells us in these wonderful memories. And, in the end, if that was how he recalled his life, who are we to say otherwise?
This one went straight to the "favorites" shelf, joining his other book The Life Before Us.
I think I won't be able to keep my hands off The Roots of Heaven until the end of the year...
Tutto 猫 iniziato con un brano che nell鈥檈dizione del libro che lessi cinque anni fa non compariva
Con l鈥檃more materno la vita ci fa all鈥檃lba una promessa che non manterr脿 mai. In seguito si 猫 costretti a mangiare gli avanzi, fino alla fine. Ogni volta che una donna ci prende tra le braccia e ci stringe al cuore, si tratta solo di condoglianze. Si ritorna sempre a guaire sulla tomba della propria madre come un cane abbandonato. Mai pi霉, mai pi霉, mai pi霉. Braccia adorabili si chiudono intorno al nostro collo e labbra dolcissime ci parlano d鈥檃more, ma noi sappiamo gi脿 tutto. Noi siamo stati alla sorgente troppo presto e abbiamo bevuto tutto. Quando ci riprende la sete, si ha un bel cercare da ogni parte: non ci sono pi霉 pozzi, soltanto miraggi. Abbiamo fatto, alla prima luce dell鈥檃lba, uno studio approfondito dell鈥檃more e ci siamo documentati troppo bene. Dovunque andremo, porteremo con noi il veleno dei confronti; e passiamo il tempo aspettando ci貌 che abbiamo gi脿 avuto.
Vorrei essere il figlio che l鈥檋a scritto. Non basta la quarantina, occorre che la sorgente si sia seccata, che il posto nel mondo dove la nostra sete poteva essere placata non vi sia pi霉, che ne resti solo il ricordo. Trovai la citazione in rete, ripassai il mio libro da cima a fondo ma non ve n鈥檈ra traccia. Per me 猫 una delle cose pi霉 belle che siano state scritte, 猫 poesia in prosa.
Trovato il brano in rilettura mi 猫 subentrata la sindrome da missione compiuta, in realt脿 sapevo di averne una pi霉 importante da intraprendere (riconciliarmi con Gary) e che per farlo non mi sarei potuto fermare dopo cinquanta pagine. La mia prima impressione (copio in calce il commento di allora) risent矛 sicuramente anche della traduzione.
Che capacit脿, che mescolanza di poesia, ironia e sentimento. Per forza un giorno si mise a scrivere fingendosi qualcun altro, non gli era sufficiente una sola personalit脿 per esprimere tutte le sue potenzialit脿. Avevo un bel dire da monolite, in merito alla franchezza di quest鈥檜omo tormentato, di cui anche in questa autobiografia non si capisce dove finisca lui ed inizi il personaggio letterario, chi dei due sia stato modellato sui destini dell鈥檃ltro. Gary era un russo che scriveva in francese, io voglio ringraziare Marcello Venturi per come lo ha tradotto perch茅 questo 猫 un altro libro rispetto a quello che lessi cinque anni fa e contemporaneamente sono io ad essere un altro; pi霉 vecchio, pi霉 portato a pensare che un uomo fa del suo meglio con gli anni che gli sono concessi in sorte ed 猫 scusabile e forse perfino apprezzabile che presentando il suo biglietto ormai scaduto, ne falsifichi un altro per aver l鈥檌llusione di poter iniziare tutto da capo. Ci vogliano fantasia e coraggio per decidere di ripartire, sar脿 che a me mancavano entrambi e perci貌 disprezzai la doppia identit脿 di Gary. Il fatto 猫 che quella fantasia e quel coraggio erano il suo tentativo estremo di vincere la morte. Tuttavia essa ebbe la meglio e a Gary bast貌 un solo colpo per uccidere s茅 stesso ed Emile Ajar.
In questa autobiografia 猫 visibile la stratificazione di Gary: sulla sua anima ingenua sono installate le versioni adulte di soldato e uomo politico. Il risultato 猫 sorprendente perch茅 sotto l鈥檌ronia si aprono zone commoventi di candore alla vista delle quali il lettore si sente disarmato. Il dolore in Gary non 猫 adulto 猫 infantile, pertanto ancora pi霉 compassionevole. Io trovo talune sue formulazioni irripetibili, un misto di cuore, pateticit脿 e arguzia.
Scelgo un passaggio di questa mia rilettura (ne ho sottolineati parecchi) perch茅 ha a che vedere con ci貌 che anche in Biglietto Scaduto avevo apprezzato maggiormente
Istintivamente, senza un鈥檃pparente influenza letteraria, scoprii l鈥檜morismo, questo modo abile e assolutamente piacevole di disarmare la realt脿 nel momento stesso in cui sta per cadervi addosso. L鈥檜morismo 猫 stato per me, durante tutta la vita, un fraterno compagno; devo a lui i miei unici veri istanti di vittoria sulle avversit脿. Nessuno 猫 riuscito a togliermi quest鈥檃rma, e io la rivolgo tanto pi霉 volentieri contro me stesso, in quanto colpendo me, colpisco tutti. L鈥檜morismo 猫 un鈥檃ffermazione di dignit脿, un鈥檃ffermazione della superiorit脿 dell鈥檜omo su ci貌 che gli pu貌 capitare.
Non lo salv貌 neppure quello quando si punt貌 un鈥檃rma vera contro, non ha mai salvato nessuno tuttavia rende l鈥檈sistenza pi霉 sopportabile
La vecchia favola 鈥渁l lupo al lupo鈥�, quella che vi hanno raccontato da piccoli, quella che voi racconterete ai vostri figli. Gary mi ha messo di fronte allo stratagemma che da sempre mi consente di leggere, ossia quello di credere che si tratti di una storia vera. Se sento gridare 鈥渁l lupo鈥� io non penso ad uno scherzo.
Mar矛as aveva ragione, se non immediatamente, dopo alcune pagine, mi abbandono alla storia, la seguo, che l鈥檃pprezzi o meno, non metto in discussione il fatto che sia quella. Mentre stavo leggendo questo libro ho visto lo spezzone di un documentario dedicato a Gary. In quel documentario si intuiva che Gary urlava 鈥渁l lupo鈥� a riguardo del 鈥淏iglietto scaduto鈥� perch茅 il lupo potesse agire nelle spoglie del suo pseudonimo Ajar, concorrente al premio Goncourt. Il risultato di ci貌 猫 stato leggere con diffidenza la promessa dell鈥檃lba che 猫 una sorta di biografia.
Le passai il braccio intorno alle spalle. Non sentivo pi霉 le risate, non vedevo pi霉 gli sguardi ironici, pensavo a tutte le battaglie che avrei combattuto per lei, alla promessa fatta a me stesso, all鈥檃lba della mia vita, di renderle giustizia, di dare un senso al suo sacrificio.
Eccolo, qui c鈥檈ra lo scrittore in grado di emozionarmi prima di vedere quel documentario. Dopo di esso le pagine mi pesavano, ero il bambino deluso che ha visto il trucco, ero il contadino infuriato per aver dato credito al falso allarme del giovane pastore annoiato. Stilisticamente il libro 猫 pi霉 vicino a La vita davanti a s茅 (*1) che al Biglietto scaduto. E鈥� il tributo di Romain alla madre, la donna che gli ha donato la vita e che ha creduto ciecamente in lui. Una donna che sognava e mitizzava la Francia e che un giorno la raggiunger脿 portandosi appresso il figlio, dopo gli stenti patiti nella nativa Russia e in Polonia.
Anche questa volta il finale mi ha steso
Mi costa molto continuare, e lo far貌 nel modo pi霉 rapido possibile..
Mi ha ricordato Beckett e Sandro Veronesi che lo cita in uno dei suoi romanzi
Non posso continuare. Continuer貌.
E la favola al lupo, al lupo? Leggete che cosa dice Nabokov in proposito:
芦La letteratura non 猫 nata il giorno in cui un ragazzo, gridando al lupo al lupo, usc矛 di corsa dalla valle di Neanderthal con un gran lupo grigio alle calcagna: 猫 nata il giorno in cui un ragazzo arriv貌 gridando al lupo al lupo, e non c鈥檈rano lupi dietro di lui.禄
(*1) Il romanzo che fu pubblicato con lo pseudonimo di Emile Ajar e vinse il Goncourt. (Gary 猫 l鈥檜nico autore che si sia aggiudicato il premio due volte, beffando le regole secondo le quali non pu貌 essere assegnato alla stessa persona. La prima volta si aggiudic貌 il premio come Romain Gary)
Gyvenimas kra拧tutinumuose gali b奴ti labai li奴dnas. O gali b奴ti ir baisiai juokingas. Romainas Gary sugeba viena koja stov臈ti viename spektro gale, o kita 鈥� prie拧ingame, apie baisiausius, skaud啪iausius, li奴dniausius dalykus pasakodamas taip, kad ne寞manoma jei ne juoktis, tai bent nesi拧ypsoti 寞 奴s膮. Ir istorijos, da啪nai laviruojan膷ios ant absurdo ribos, tuo pat metu yra tokios gyvenimi拧kos, net jei ir ne visada tikros. Ir Gary veikiau ne pasakoja apie tai, kaip gyveno, o daro 拧寞 t膮 ilgaam啪i拧kesnio 鈥� kuria mit膮. O mitas, jei tinkamai papasakotas, gali gyventi am啪inai. T膮 啪inojo jis. O svarbiausia 鈥� 啪inojo jo mama. Ar ne jos visada 啪ino geriausiai?
Po vienu sk臈膷iu pas Romain膮 Gary telpa, rodos, viskas: grandioziniai u啪mojai (pavyzd啪iui, nu啪udyti Hitler寞), vaikyst臈s prisiminimai (kas gi gal臈t懦 pamir拧ti pirm膮j寞 kart膮, kai mat臈 kep臈j膮 kirkinant tarnait臋?..), meil臈s istorijos. Pastarosios 鈥� pa膷ios 寞vairiausios. Nuo gra啪iausios moters, sutiktos per kar膮, kalio拧o valgymo epop臈jos d臈l 啪avingiausios kiemo gra啪uol臈s (ir kaip dabar netur臈ti nerealisti拧k懦 standart懦 Tam Vieninteliui, kuris d臈l man臋s kalio拧o (ne)suvalgyt懦????), iki tinkamai paraugt懦 agurk臈li懦. Per vis膮 savo ilg膮 skaitymo karjer膮 d臈l neai拧ki懦 prie啪as膷i懦 buvau 寞sitikinusi, kad Gary 鈥� baisiai rimtas k奴r臈jas, o Au拧ros pa啪adas 鈥� baisiai rimtas k奴rinys. Vis d臈lto, autorius moka daryti kaip tik tai, k膮 m臈gstu labiausiai 鈥� giliomis, skaud啪iomis ir asmeni拧komis temomis kalb臈ti be savigailos, paverk拧lenim懦 ir dejoni懦, b奴damas pa膷ia geriausia 寞manoma susireik拧minusio narcizo forma. Jis sugeba pasakoti istorijas 寞domias ne tik jam vienam, nors ir neai拧ku kiek tikras, bet tiesiog malonias klausyti. Ir d臈l man臋s Romainas gali reik拧mintis kiek tik nori 鈥� yra d臈l ko. Tiesa, negalvokit, kad viskas tik agurk臈liai ir bajeriai: daug lyri拧kumo, subtilumo, 拧velnios melancholijos, bet ji tokia neperspausta, ne erzinanti, o vis tiek 拧viesi ir viltinga 鈥� kur kas viltingesn臈, nei tik臈jausi. Ir, 啪inoma, visk膮 vainikuoja nuostabus V. Tauragien臈s vertimas.
Ai拧ku, b奴t懦 galima tomus prira拧yti apie Romaino ir jo mamos Ninos santyk寞, jo toksi拧kum膮 ir labiausiai smaugian膷ius l奴kes膷i懦 pan膷ius. Bet tie meil臈s deimantai, kuriuos autorius mini, ta bes膮lygi拧ka meil臈, kuri tikriausiai tik mam懦 ir yra sugebama i拧jausti, yra tokia visa apimanti, kad truput寞 net pavydu. Gi jei tav臋s nemyl臈jo 拧itaip nuo pat prad啪i懦, nebemyl臈s jau niekada, niekada. Ir galima 膷ia b奴t懦 psichoterapi拧kai pjaustyti Romain膮, skrosti ir j寞, ir jo mam膮, narstyti po kaulel寞, bet man per gra啪u, kad to im膷iausi, skauda truput寞 ir skruostus, ir 拧ird寞. Ir pasirenku tik臈ti Romano kuriamu mitu. Nes 啪mogus, kuris 啪ino gero agurk臈lio svarb膮, vertas to, kad juo patik臈tum.
Pa啪int寞 su Romain Gary prad臈jau nuo jo 寞sp奴dingos autobiografijos. Tema apie nenutr奴kusias bambagysles ir t臈v懦 projektuojamus vaik懦 gyvenimus itin aktuali ir 拧iandien. Romain'o ir jo mamos Ninos istorija tikrai ver膷ia kilstel臈ti antak寞, 啪av臈tis ir kartu nepritarian膷iai purtyti galv膮, jie abu -nepaprastos asmenyb臈s, sumanios ir niekada nepasiduodan膷ios, kiekviena aklai besistengianti 寞gyvendinti sau ir kitam duotus pa啪adus.
Off topic truput寞. Su Romain, pasirodo, turime kone identi拧k膮 santyk寞 su j奴ra: "Ma膷iau m臈lyn膮 j奴r膮, akmen臈li懦 papl奴dim寞 ir saul臈je d啪i奴stan膷ias 啪vej懦 valtis. 沤velgiau 寞 j奴r膮. Ir man ka啪kas nutiko. Ne啪inau kas: ap臈m臈 begalin臈 ramyb臈, jausmas, kad a拧 gr寞啪au. Nuo tada j奴ra visiems laikams tapo man kuklia, bet pakankama metafizika. Nemoku kalb臈ti apie j奴r膮. 沤inau tik tiek, kad ji vienu moju i拧laisvina mane nuo vis懦 寞sipareigojim懦. Kiekvien膮 kart膮, kai 寞 j膮 啪velgiu, tampu laimingu skenduoliu."
The main thing that remained in my memory is what Romain Gary said about his mother love to him: when you grow up with love as big as the ocean, you keep looking for such love all your life and end up dying from thirst beside the well. I hope he'll excuse the liberty I took with it-it's been years since i read it. But this is the idea.
A arte maior de um escritor n茫o est谩 em encontrar uma boa hist贸ria para contar mas em encontrar uma boa forma de contar uma hist贸ria. Foi um pouco a isto que me soube este livro - 'A Promessa' - de Romain Gary. Uma vida que se tornou extraordin谩ria n茫o s贸 pela sua participa莽茫o na II Guerra Mundial, mas tamb茅m pela expectativa que a m茫e colocou sobre os seus ombros e a influ锚ncia que esta exerceu sobre si.
Se em grande parte este livro deveria ser um petisco para os psic贸logos mais freudianos, tal n茫o 茅 o "trauma da m茫ezinha", o "menino da mam茫" ou a "m茫e dominadora" que atravessa toda a obra, a verdade 茅 que nele coabita tamb茅m uma bela homenagem 脿 m茫e do autor e aos esfor莽os que encetou para nele ver cumpridas as suas expectativas. Ele n茫o esconde o facto de tal carga lhe ter roubado a sua pr贸pria personalidade (pela descri莽茫o e motiva莽玫es das viv锚ncias relatadas), mas a escrita de Gary 茅 t茫o fluida que desculpamos quase tudo, pelo prazer de ler.
Un examen de conscience tout 脿 la fois tendre et implacable, une confidence brusqu茅e, o霉 tout est dit de ce qui doit l'锚tre pour faire la somme d'une mesure, d'une justice, d'un sens dont la recherche forme le th猫me de ce roman en forme de rhapsodie obs茅dante.
"Je suis sans rancune envers les hommes de la d茅faite et de l'armistice de 40. Je comprends fort bien ceux qui avaient refus茅 de suivre De Gaulle. Ils 茅taient trop install茅s dans leurs meubles, qu'ils appelaient la condition humaine. Ils avaient appris et ils enseignaient 芦 la sagesse 禄, cette camomille empoisonn茅e que l'habitude de vivre verse peu 脿 peu dans notre gosier, avec son go没t doucereux d'humilit茅, de renoncement et d'acceptation. Lettr茅s, pensifs, r锚veurs, cultiv茅s, sceptiques, bien n茅s, bien 茅lev茅s, f茅rus d'humanit茅s, au fond d'eux-m锚mes, secr猫tement, ils avaient toujours su que l'humain 茅tait une tentation impossible et ils avaient donc accueilli la victoire d'Hitler comme allant de soi. 脌 l'茅vidence de notre servitude biologique et m茅taphysique, ils avaient accept茅 tout naturellement de donner un prolongement politique et social. J'irai m锚me plus loin, sans vouloir insulter personne : ils avaient raison, et cela seul e没t d没 suffire 脿 les mettre en garde. Ils avaient raison, dans le sens de l'habilet茅, de la prudence, du refus de l'aventure, de l'茅pingle du jeu, dans le sens qui e没t 茅vit茅 脿 J茅sus de mourir sur la croix, 脿 Van Gogh de peindre, 脿 mon Morel de d茅fendre ses 茅l茅phants, aux Fran莽ais d'锚tre fusill茅s, et qui e没t uni dans le m锚me n茅ant, en les emp锚chant de na卯tre, les cath茅drales et les mus茅es, les empires et les civilisations. "
鈥濶esijau膷iu kaltas: 寞vykd啪iau savo pa啪ad膮 ir vykdau j寞 toliau. Pranc奴zijai tarnavau i拧 visos 拧irdies, nes tai - visa, kas be tos ma啪yt臈s paso nuotraukos, man liko i拧 motinos.鈥� Tai pirmoji ir labai s臈kminga mano pa啪intis su R. Gary. Lenkiu galv膮 u啪 toki膮 nuostabi膮 istorij膮. Labai gra啪iai apra拧yti mamos ir s奴naus santykiai. Ji nor臈jo, kad jis tapt懦 Pranc奴zijos ambasadoriumi, Nobelio premijos laureatu, menininku, Garb臈s legiono ordino kavalieriumi, Imperatori拧kojo teniso klubo nariu. Jis nor臈jo tik vieno - pateisinti visas jos viltis.
A拧 nesitik臈jau nieko gero i拧 拧ios knygos (nu ko galima tik臈tis u啪 paik拧io, valgiusio savo kalio拧膮?), ir kaip ji mane nud啪iugino! Ne啪inau, kiek i拧 ties懦 geras buvo Gary humoro jausmas, ta膷iau pasijuokti i拧 sav臋s jis tikrai sugeb臈jo. Nuostabi knyga, nuostabi ir ironi拧ka s奴naus od臈 apie motinos meil臋.