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320 pages, Paperback
First published September 1, 2019
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5,605 people want to read
About the author
Frank Dik?tter
27?books492?followersFrank Dik?tter (Chinese: ñT¿Í; pinyin: F¨¦ng K¨¨) is the Chair Professor of Humanities at the University of Hong Kong and Professor of the Modern History of China on leave from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
Born in the Netherlands in 1961, he was educated in Switzerland and graduated from the University of Geneva with a Double Major in History and Russian. After two years in the People's Republic of China, he moved to London where he obtained his PhD in History from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in 1990. He stayed at SOAS as British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow and as Wellcome Research Fellow before being promoted to a personal chair as Professor of the Modern History of China in 2002. His research and writing has been funded by over 1.5 US$ million in grants from various foundations, including, in Britain, the Wellcome Trust, the Arts and Humanities Research Council, The Economic and Social Research Council and, in Hong Kong, the Research Grants Council and the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation.
He has published a dozen books that have changed the ways historians view modern China, from the classic The Discourse of Race in Modern China (1992) to China After Mao: The Rise of a Superpower (2022). His 2010 book Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe was selected as one of the Books of the Year in 2010 by The Economist, The Independent, The Sunday Times, the London Evening Standard (selected twice), The Telegraph, the New Statesman and the BBC History Magazine, and is on the longlist for the 2011 Samuel Johnson Prize for non-fiction.
Born in the Netherlands in 1961, he was educated in Switzerland and graduated from the University of Geneva with a Double Major in History and Russian. After two years in the People's Republic of China, he moved to London where he obtained his PhD in History from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in 1990. He stayed at SOAS as British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow and as Wellcome Research Fellow before being promoted to a personal chair as Professor of the Modern History of China in 2002. His research and writing has been funded by over 1.5 US$ million in grants from various foundations, including, in Britain, the Wellcome Trust, the Arts and Humanities Research Council, The Economic and Social Research Council and, in Hong Kong, the Research Grants Council and the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation.
He has published a dozen books that have changed the ways historians view modern China, from the classic The Discourse of Race in Modern China (1992) to China After Mao: The Rise of a Superpower (2022). His 2010 book Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe was selected as one of the Books of the Year in 2010 by The Economist, The Independent, The Sunday Times, the London Evening Standard (selected twice), The Telegraph, the New Statesman and the BBC History Magazine, and is on the longlist for the 2011 Samuel Johnson Prize for non-fiction.
Ratings & Reviews
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November 7, 2019
As a life-long student of political science and lover of history, I have always been fascinated about the world of authoritarian regimes, particularly those whose leaders roses from the ashes of a community in tatters. Frank Dik?tter explores the position of dictators in his latest book, seeking to examine how the eight men he chose were able to obtain power and hold onto it while ruling their respective countries with an iron fist. While power was surely held by fear and brutal force, Dik?tter posits that there was also a cult of personality that wooed the population to feel a connection to these men and all but paved their way to power. Mussolini and Hitler served to instil a sense of leadership through their communication with the masses during the inter-war years, vilifying the choices their respective governments made in the past and creating scapegoats of population groups. Joseph Stalin rode the coattails of his predecessor and tried to enamour the people as being a continuation of the great system, before turning out all those who spoke against them and secured power. These inter-war leaders worked a system and sought to build a connection when times were tough, while other dictators sought to rebel against the system and break free of the shackles that tied them down. Dik?tter explores the emergence of Mao in China and Kim ill-sung of North Korea, both of whom were freedom fighters and who rallied the people with their heroic tendencies to toss off the yoke of oppression before brutally turning their country away from what it had known and, to a degree, isolating their people from the outside world. This cultish personality is shown to have worked, as the people of China and North Korea deified their leaders as they were starved or oppressed. In these cases, both leaders passed along the reins to others and the system continues to this day, in varying degrees. Dik?tter creates a final group of men whose connection to the people came from denouncing long-held political rules that were in place and using their desire to change to connect with the masses. The reader will see some parallels to the aforementioned dictators, but with an added militaristic brutality that the world could see, but about which they did nothing. Much more could be said about these, and many other, dictators, but Dik?tter seems to have whetted the appetite of the curious reader. Recommended to those who love learning about more gaffes in which the world stood idly by, as well as the reader whose love of political history is strong.
While Frank Dik?tter may have a long list of published works, this is the first of his tomes that I have had the pleasure to read. I must say that I am highly impressed with the content and the quality of the work. While I was expecting a highly sociological analysis of these men and a detailed political history of the countries they ruled, Dik?tter offered up eight wonderful mini biographies. These biographical pieces highlight that cult of personality in the early stages, showing how a population could have latched on and how each of the men used this ¡®connection¡¯ to the people to then turn things to their advantage. As Dik?tter mentions in the preface, there are many others who could have been included, as it seems the essential ingredient to a successful dictatorial state, as well as a peppering of fear. Each of the biographical pieces seems to tell the rise and fall (or death) of the man and his power, while also loosely linking themselves to the next leader in some way. Dik?tter is to be applauded for his concise exploration of each man and his regime, while also providing enough detail to keep the reader wanting to know more. I was stunned at the amount of information presented and have decided to delve deeper into some of the lives of these brutal dictators. Some of the antics discussed herein surely were useful in some of the current dictatorships around the world, where brutality and oppression are almost expected to ¡®keep the trains running on time¡¯.
Kudos, Mr. Dik?tter, for this enlightening and refreshing look at the world of authoritarian leaders. I will certainly be looking into reader more of your work in the coming months.
Love/hate the review? An ever-growing collection of others appears at:
A Book for All Seasons, a different sort of Book Challenge: /group/show/...
While Frank Dik?tter may have a long list of published works, this is the first of his tomes that I have had the pleasure to read. I must say that I am highly impressed with the content and the quality of the work. While I was expecting a highly sociological analysis of these men and a detailed political history of the countries they ruled, Dik?tter offered up eight wonderful mini biographies. These biographical pieces highlight that cult of personality in the early stages, showing how a population could have latched on and how each of the men used this ¡®connection¡¯ to the people to then turn things to their advantage. As Dik?tter mentions in the preface, there are many others who could have been included, as it seems the essential ingredient to a successful dictatorial state, as well as a peppering of fear. Each of the biographical pieces seems to tell the rise and fall (or death) of the man and his power, while also loosely linking themselves to the next leader in some way. Dik?tter is to be applauded for his concise exploration of each man and his regime, while also providing enough detail to keep the reader wanting to know more. I was stunned at the amount of information presented and have decided to delve deeper into some of the lives of these brutal dictators. Some of the antics discussed herein surely were useful in some of the current dictatorships around the world, where brutality and oppression are almost expected to ¡®keep the trains running on time¡¯.
Kudos, Mr. Dik?tter, for this enlightening and refreshing look at the world of authoritarian leaders. I will certainly be looking into reader more of your work in the coming months.
Love/hate the review? An ever-growing collection of others appears at:
A Book for All Seasons, a different sort of Book Challenge: /group/show/...
March 17, 2022
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??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? .
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??? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??? .
????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? .
??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ? ????? ? ??????? ? ???? ??? ????? ????? ? ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? .
??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??? ? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?? ? ???? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ? ?? ????????? ????? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? .
?? ?? ??? ? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? .
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??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ??? ? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? .
??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? .
??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? ? ???? ????????? ? ??????? ?????? ??? .
??? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??? .
September 5, 2019
I want to begin by saying I am going to struggle to get across just how much I loved reading this timely, well-researched book as not only is it informative but it is absolutely fascinating too; it's not that often I have trouble putting a non-fiction book down, but I simply couldn't stop reading and thinking about the topics Dik?tter broaches. Each of the eight chosen dictators is covered extensively with much of the information deeper than most people would know. Keeping people subservient has been rampant across the world for centuries, and I fear we are doomed to repeat history if we don't wake up soon.
Sometimes these type of books are very wordy, which I myself enjoy, but this narrative style allows it to be accessible and eminently readable to everyone who has an interest in tyranny and oppression. This book addresses both the state the world is now in by looking at the tyrant's backgrounds and formative years as many of those who go on to be dictators come from "bad backgrounds", however, this is no way diminishes what they have done or are doing currently. Moving past their biographies we learn about the tactics and strategies carried out in order to attain power and then stay in power.
It's packed full of really intriguing information and will provide anyone who picks it up with plenty of food for thought. Despite the heavy topic, this is an easy and quick read of just over 300 pages in length. Everything is laid out clearly and the narrative flows beautifully from one page to the next. This is the perfect introduction to some of the twentieth centuries most infamous dictators and shows how they gained a cult-like following and how they maintained that grip over said followers. Highly recommended. Many thanks to Bloomsbury Publishing for an ARC.
Sometimes these type of books are very wordy, which I myself enjoy, but this narrative style allows it to be accessible and eminently readable to everyone who has an interest in tyranny and oppression. This book addresses both the state the world is now in by looking at the tyrant's backgrounds and formative years as many of those who go on to be dictators come from "bad backgrounds", however, this is no way diminishes what they have done or are doing currently. Moving past their biographies we learn about the tactics and strategies carried out in order to attain power and then stay in power.
It's packed full of really intriguing information and will provide anyone who picks it up with plenty of food for thought. Despite the heavy topic, this is an easy and quick read of just over 300 pages in length. Everything is laid out clearly and the narrative flows beautifully from one page to the next. This is the perfect introduction to some of the twentieth centuries most infamous dictators and shows how they gained a cult-like following and how they maintained that grip over said followers. Highly recommended. Many thanks to Bloomsbury Publishing for an ARC.
September 25, 2021
I hate to say it, but this was a disappointment. This book starts of with some provoking thoughts about the various dictators that we have known in the previous century, but then quickly descends down in some menial biographical descriptions. Somebody who has done his fair share of (historical) reading, the descriptions of Hitler, Mao and Stalin hold no surprises; the descriptions of the lesser known dictators are informative at best and certainly not an academic view on the cult of personality. This was not what I expected, hence the two stars.
Update June 17th 2021:
For a more psychological analysis of the various dictators or authoritarian rules (old and present) I recommend the following book:
Update June 17th 2021:
For a more psychological analysis of the various dictators or authoritarian rules (old and present) I recommend the following book:
May 17, 2022
???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ?? ?? ?? ????????????? ????. ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ? ???????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ??????????. ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????
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April 25, 2023
2.5
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February 24, 2020
ETA: Jetzt auch auf Deutsch erh?ltlich: ./ETA
Frank Dik?tter throws a very special spotlight on eight cruel dictators who ruled in the 20th century. He presents not only biographical overviews on the lives and terror regimes of Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao Zedong, "Papa Doc" Duvalier, Kim Il-sung, Ceausescu and Mengistu of Ethiopia: He mainly focuses on the cult surrounding these dictators, making this book a collection of personality-cult-based PR for dictators and wannabes.
Needless to say, the eight men who are this book's topics were terrible, barbaric rulers who terrorized, murdered and massacred many, many human beings. They started wars and sought for their very own twisted version of glory. They trusted only very few people (or none) besides themselves. And, more common ground: They all started a cult around themselves. And their people had to follow to survive.
Dik?tter is talking about real personality-cult here, which can barely be compared to what we're looking at these days. He's talking naming places and buildings after the leader; of putting his picture on every book, stamp, record, poster, flag; of his speeches beings required reading from elementary school onwards; of songs beings composed and sung to his eternal glory, of mass gatherings with people crying happy tears whenever he walks by (if you can't cry on demand, you'll barely make it...), of tons, tons, TONS of presents being send to honour him whenever possible and what not.
The cult serves two purposes. First and foremost, it settles the grounds at home - people live in constant fear of not worshipping properly enough. Secondly, it's a great way to boast something to your fellow dictators. And that's another interesting touch of Dik?tter's book that makes it more than "just" a collection of eight essays: It shows the inner connections of this club of horror. How Mussolini and Hitler tried to outdo one another in terms of gaudiness, how Stalin set the bar for his fellow communist dictators, how Ceausescu and Mengistu were so impressed by what Kim Il-sung had created that the North Korean system became their role model.
Overall, an interesting and of course super scary read. And surely a hard work to get finished - the "selected" bibliography is most impressive.
Frank Dik?tter throws a very special spotlight on eight cruel dictators who ruled in the 20th century. He presents not only biographical overviews on the lives and terror regimes of Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao Zedong, "Papa Doc" Duvalier, Kim Il-sung, Ceausescu and Mengistu of Ethiopia: He mainly focuses on the cult surrounding these dictators, making this book a collection of personality-cult-based PR for dictators and wannabes.
Needless to say, the eight men who are this book's topics were terrible, barbaric rulers who terrorized, murdered and massacred many, many human beings. They started wars and sought for their very own twisted version of glory. They trusted only very few people (or none) besides themselves. And, more common ground: They all started a cult around themselves. And their people had to follow to survive.
Dik?tter is talking about real personality-cult here, which can barely be compared to what we're looking at these days. He's talking naming places and buildings after the leader; of putting his picture on every book, stamp, record, poster, flag; of his speeches beings required reading from elementary school onwards; of songs beings composed and sung to his eternal glory, of mass gatherings with people crying happy tears whenever he walks by (if you can't cry on demand, you'll barely make it...), of tons, tons, TONS of presents being send to honour him whenever possible and what not.
The cult serves two purposes. First and foremost, it settles the grounds at home - people live in constant fear of not worshipping properly enough. Secondly, it's a great way to boast something to your fellow dictators. And that's another interesting touch of Dik?tter's book that makes it more than "just" a collection of eight essays: It shows the inner connections of this club of horror. How Mussolini and Hitler tried to outdo one another in terms of gaudiness, how Stalin set the bar for his fellow communist dictators, how Ceausescu and Mengistu were so impressed by what Kim Il-sung had created that the North Korean system became their role model.
Overall, an interesting and of course super scary read. And surely a hard work to get finished - the "selected" bibliography is most impressive.
November 10, 2022
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January 30, 2024
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§ª§¬ §¨§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä 45
September 26, 2019
I have most of Frank Dikotters other books: his three books on the history of the People's Republic of China, the 'People's Trilogy', are masterpieces. This book is less ambitious, almost simple in construction. In essence, it is composed of potted biographies of eight 20th Century dictators, detailing the circumstances into which they were born, how they came to power, what they did to maintain that power, and finally how they fell from power - more often than not, violently. Though the writing is very accessible, and I did learn stuff - the bibliography is a marvelous resource for further reading - I can't help feel a little cheated. I suppose Frank Dikotter chose a simple approach because he wanted to teach something very simple: that the cult of personality can only be maintained through fear. And he certainly succeeded in that with this book. But I was left wanting more: perhaps a deeper analysis, more focus on the personalities as well as the differences of the dictators described within. But, then again, that might have confused the very simple, but powerful lesson Frank Dikotter is trying to teach us with this book. Highly recommended.
December 8, 2023
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October 18, 2021
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September 3, 2020
Really could have been a long article.
May 1, 2020
The book didn¡¯t work. I read it and I¡¯m still not a dictator.
I thought the book skimmed over a lot of details that left me with more questions than answers. Some passages could have been substituted for Wikipedia pages.
Overall I was able to learn some of the common threads that dictators share and learn about some more obscure leaders like Mengistu, Duvalier and Kim il-Sung.
I thought the book skimmed over a lot of details that left me with more questions than answers. Some passages could have been substituted for Wikipedia pages.
Overall I was able to learn some of the common threads that dictators share and learn about some more obscure leaders like Mengistu, Duvalier and Kim il-Sung.
May 5, 2020
Dictators fascinate me. Seriously. I read so much about them, it¡¯s probably shocking to some people. There¡¯s a reason for this, though. I think it¡¯s interesting how such repulsive people can gain, and often retain, so much power. How do they do it? Why do they do it? What makes people think, ¡°sure, this is fine, let¡¯s go with them¡±?
I heard about this book on a podcast. I¡¯ve really liked the author¡¯s stuff on Mao, the Cultural Revolution, the Great Famine, and more. He has a great way for distilling complex topics, and I enjoy how he can cross the cultural divide and make some things that might seem strange to western understandings, easier to grasp. So when I heard that he¡¯d written a book on the personality cults of dictators, I was there with bells on.
As it happens, I got this book about two days before the libraries closed to COVID-19, so it¡¯s still sitting in my living room, shiny and nearly new.
This book covers a handful of 20th century dictators. The first covered is Mussolini, then Hitler, Stalin, Mao, Kim Il-Sung, Ceausescu of Romania, Mengistu of Ethiopia, and Duvalier of Haiti. Now, the book is only 300 pages long, maybe a few more pages than that, but not many, so that really doesn¡¯t leave a whole lot of wiggle-room for exploration and I think that¡¯s where my biggest problem rested.
As I¡¯ve said before, when I read history, I don¡¯t typically enjoy overviews, and that¡¯s really all we are left with here. A few sweeping overviews with all the nuances and nuggets I enjoy left out. And that¡¯s fine. If someone is not very well versed in these individuals, likely an overview is exactly what you¡¯re looking for. It¡¯s a great jumping-off point for further research, and the important points are all detailed here and laid out nicely. However, for someone like me who has been voraciously studying dictators and routinely reads 1000+ page books on these people and topics that apply to their times in power, this book was really nothing new, and nothing incredibly informative or illuminating.
I think the biggest problem rests with me. I went into this book wanting one specific thing, and I didn¡¯t get it. It¡¯s a good overview of the bullet points of these people, but there¡¯s really nothing about the how or whys of personality cults, and that¡¯s what I think I wanted. I wanted some deep dive exploration into WHY people follow these guys, and HOW these repulsive figures managed to get people to say, ¡°Sure, let¡¯s set up concentration camps. I think this is a great idea. Please pass the potatoes.¡± I wanted to know how this sort of thing becomes normal, and why people are so willing to buy into these really terrible, horrible, tragic ideas.
Stalin, for example, killed MILLIONS of people in his various purges. Millions. MILLIONS. And still there were Russians who were all, ¡°This is great. All of my neighbors were executed. Long live Stalin.¡± Yeah, a whole lot of people followed him because they were killed if they didn¡¯t, but many people really, genuinely believed in the dude. Talk about a cult of personality. He wasn¡¯t even Russian. Not really, and his early days were spent very engaged in Georgian politics, not Russian politics. But still¡ And WHY? That¡¯s what I wanted to know. Why, with all this death and tragedy all around him, did a whole bunch of people still march under his particular banner.
Not only that, but there are people in Russia today who think, ¡°If we had Stalin back for five minutes, he¡¯d sort this shit out.¡± He oversaw mass executions. He starved an entire nation, wherein up to ten million people died. He really exercised the Gulag system to its limits. This isn¡¯t a secret. And still, people are still existing in the world today who are all, ¡°Let¡¯s get another Stalin in this place. He is exactly what we need.¡± THAT is what I want to dig into. That small bit of humanity who sees all those facts, and are still behind this guy, and people like him.
So yeah, I wanted to know WHY. I wanted to know what these people do to get people to buy into what they are selling, and why humans as a species are so willing to do so¡ªto excuse horror, in favor of the person who is at the helm of such horrific policies. However, what I ended up getting was a brief rundown of the highlights of every individual, with some new nuggets thrown in here or there to keep me going, but it wasn¡¯t what I wanted. It wasn¡¯t a book on how to be dictator, rather it was a footnotes course on these specific dictators. Interesting? Yes. Well written? Yes.
Perhaps better suited to a person just being introduced to these people, and the historical periods they represent, though, and not someone who is interested in delving deeper into the psychology of these movements.
I heard about this book on a podcast. I¡¯ve really liked the author¡¯s stuff on Mao, the Cultural Revolution, the Great Famine, and more. He has a great way for distilling complex topics, and I enjoy how he can cross the cultural divide and make some things that might seem strange to western understandings, easier to grasp. So when I heard that he¡¯d written a book on the personality cults of dictators, I was there with bells on.
As it happens, I got this book about two days before the libraries closed to COVID-19, so it¡¯s still sitting in my living room, shiny and nearly new.
This book covers a handful of 20th century dictators. The first covered is Mussolini, then Hitler, Stalin, Mao, Kim Il-Sung, Ceausescu of Romania, Mengistu of Ethiopia, and Duvalier of Haiti. Now, the book is only 300 pages long, maybe a few more pages than that, but not many, so that really doesn¡¯t leave a whole lot of wiggle-room for exploration and I think that¡¯s where my biggest problem rested.
As I¡¯ve said before, when I read history, I don¡¯t typically enjoy overviews, and that¡¯s really all we are left with here. A few sweeping overviews with all the nuances and nuggets I enjoy left out. And that¡¯s fine. If someone is not very well versed in these individuals, likely an overview is exactly what you¡¯re looking for. It¡¯s a great jumping-off point for further research, and the important points are all detailed here and laid out nicely. However, for someone like me who has been voraciously studying dictators and routinely reads 1000+ page books on these people and topics that apply to their times in power, this book was really nothing new, and nothing incredibly informative or illuminating.
I think the biggest problem rests with me. I went into this book wanting one specific thing, and I didn¡¯t get it. It¡¯s a good overview of the bullet points of these people, but there¡¯s really nothing about the how or whys of personality cults, and that¡¯s what I think I wanted. I wanted some deep dive exploration into WHY people follow these guys, and HOW these repulsive figures managed to get people to say, ¡°Sure, let¡¯s set up concentration camps. I think this is a great idea. Please pass the potatoes.¡± I wanted to know how this sort of thing becomes normal, and why people are so willing to buy into these really terrible, horrible, tragic ideas.
Stalin, for example, killed MILLIONS of people in his various purges. Millions. MILLIONS. And still there were Russians who were all, ¡°This is great. All of my neighbors were executed. Long live Stalin.¡± Yeah, a whole lot of people followed him because they were killed if they didn¡¯t, but many people really, genuinely believed in the dude. Talk about a cult of personality. He wasn¡¯t even Russian. Not really, and his early days were spent very engaged in Georgian politics, not Russian politics. But still¡ And WHY? That¡¯s what I wanted to know. Why, with all this death and tragedy all around him, did a whole bunch of people still march under his particular banner.
Not only that, but there are people in Russia today who think, ¡°If we had Stalin back for five minutes, he¡¯d sort this shit out.¡± He oversaw mass executions. He starved an entire nation, wherein up to ten million people died. He really exercised the Gulag system to its limits. This isn¡¯t a secret. And still, people are still existing in the world today who are all, ¡°Let¡¯s get another Stalin in this place. He is exactly what we need.¡± THAT is what I want to dig into. That small bit of humanity who sees all those facts, and are still behind this guy, and people like him.
So yeah, I wanted to know WHY. I wanted to know what these people do to get people to buy into what they are selling, and why humans as a species are so willing to do so¡ªto excuse horror, in favor of the person who is at the helm of such horrific policies. However, what I ended up getting was a brief rundown of the highlights of every individual, with some new nuggets thrown in here or there to keep me going, but it wasn¡¯t what I wanted. It wasn¡¯t a book on how to be dictator, rather it was a footnotes course on these specific dictators. Interesting? Yes. Well written? Yes.
Perhaps better suited to a person just being introduced to these people, and the historical periods they represent, though, and not someone who is interested in delving deeper into the psychology of these movements.
August 12, 2019
This is an interesting look at eight dictator¡¯s from the twentieth century. Author Frank Dik?tter admits that he could have chosen other names and it is more than a little worrying, when you think about how many contenders there could be. The dictators covered in this book are: Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao Sedong, Kim Il-sung, Duvalier, Ceausescu and Mengistu.
I have read biographies of Hitler and books about Mussolini and Stalin, but knew less about the others mentioned in this volume. In a sense this book consists of potted biographies of each dictator and the author tries to link their stories in interesting ways. For example, Mao follows Stalin and we learn of how he attracted Stalin¡¯s attention, but was side-lined, and ignored, when he finally visited Russia.
As you would expect from reading of dictator¡¯s, these lives were extreme and ¨C a lesson to be learned ¨C such attempts at domination rarely end well. Even if not killed, these are stories of paranoia and obsession. Amongst the disturbing stories, we read of Mengistu burying Haile Sesassie beneath his office, so his desk was directly above the man he replaced. The more you read, the more you sense that power certainly comes with a price ¨C both for the people and for the dictator themselves.
This is an interesting account of some extreme lives. I found reading about those men I knew less about the most fascinating, but overall, this is a good introduction, which will make you want to read on, in more depth, about those covered in this volume. I received a copy of this book from the publisher, via NetGalley, for review.
I have read biographies of Hitler and books about Mussolini and Stalin, but knew less about the others mentioned in this volume. In a sense this book consists of potted biographies of each dictator and the author tries to link their stories in interesting ways. For example, Mao follows Stalin and we learn of how he attracted Stalin¡¯s attention, but was side-lined, and ignored, when he finally visited Russia.
As you would expect from reading of dictator¡¯s, these lives were extreme and ¨C a lesson to be learned ¨C such attempts at domination rarely end well. Even if not killed, these are stories of paranoia and obsession. Amongst the disturbing stories, we read of Mengistu burying Haile Sesassie beneath his office, so his desk was directly above the man he replaced. The more you read, the more you sense that power certainly comes with a price ¨C both for the people and for the dictator themselves.
This is an interesting account of some extreme lives. I found reading about those men I knew less about the most fascinating, but overall, this is a good introduction, which will make you want to read on, in more depth, about those covered in this volume. I received a copy of this book from the publisher, via NetGalley, for review.
October 27, 2022
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_ ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????????. ¡¶??? ??? ????? ????????¡· ??? ???? ?? ??.
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_???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???. ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ???. ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????.
¡ö????? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????.
?? ??????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????.
?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ???. ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ????.
?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????. ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????.
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????? ????: ????? ???? ]
_?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???.
_ ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????????. ¡¶??? ??? ????? ????????¡· ??? ???? ?? ??.
_?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????.
_?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???.
_???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???. ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ???. ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????.
¡ö????? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????.
?? ??????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????.
?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ???. ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ????.
?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????. ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????.
?? ???? ?????? ????.
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February 8, 2021
???? ??? ???.
August 3, 2021
How to Be a Dictator: The Cult of Personality in the Twentieth Century, by Frank Dik?tter, looks at eight dictators from eight different countries, telling the story of how these dictators built their cults of personality in the 20th century. The countries in question are, in order: Italy (Mussolini), Germany (Hitler), USSR (Stalin), China (Mao), North Korea (Kim Il-Sung), Haiti (Duvalier), Romania (Ceau?escu), and Ethiopia (Mengistu). Each account is more of a chronicle of events than a comparative look at the dictators and their policies. Each one employed some similar tactics in some ways; dividing their competition, employing alternative means of state control outside the bureaucracy, curbing or supporting the army, and using modern technologies (print, radio, press, television) to build their appeal amongst the masses. As with many dictatorships, public support was forced, so there was little genuine expression of support or dissent, at least as far as we know from a birds-eye view.
Suffice to say, this book was interesting. I found it a tad shallow on details, but there were some unique perspectives here. I particularly enjoyed the chapter on Duvalier, which I had not read much about previously. This book certainly looks at the cult of personality champions; Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini, and not least Mao. But the lesser-studied subjects, from North Korea's Kim il-Sung, whose ilk still rein supreme today, to Mengistu and Ceau?escu, who are more modern dictators, to Duvalier in Haiti, which is a country heavily suppressed by its neighbours. This was an entertaining book through and through, and I would recommend it as an easy read for those who like to study politics. It is not an in-depth look by any stretch, but it certainly is interesting.
Suffice to say, this book was interesting. I found it a tad shallow on details, but there were some unique perspectives here. I particularly enjoyed the chapter on Duvalier, which I had not read much about previously. This book certainly looks at the cult of personality champions; Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini, and not least Mao. But the lesser-studied subjects, from North Korea's Kim il-Sung, whose ilk still rein supreme today, to Mengistu and Ceau?escu, who are more modern dictators, to Duvalier in Haiti, which is a country heavily suppressed by its neighbours. This was an entertaining book through and through, and I would recommend it as an easy read for those who like to study politics. It is not an in-depth look by any stretch, but it certainly is interesting.
July 13, 2021
???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???. ???? ????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?????.
??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???. . ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????.
??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? 50 ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????.
?? ??? 1934 ??? ?? 16 ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???. ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????. . ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???. ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???. ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???.
??? ?? ??????? 7 ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ? ??????? ?????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????. ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? 24 ????? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????.
??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? 3 ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???. ? ?? ??? ??? ? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??. ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??. ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???.
???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????!
?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????.
?? 21 ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?????.??? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ????? ?????. ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? ?????? ???? ??.????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ???: ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???. ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???. ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???. ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??.
??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???. . ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????.
??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? 50 ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????.
?? ??? 1934 ??? ?? 16 ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???. ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????. . ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???. ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???. ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???.
??? ?? ??????? 7 ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ? ??????? ?????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????. ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? 24 ????? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????.
??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? 3 ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???. ? ?? ??? ??? ? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??. ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??. ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???.
???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????!
?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????.
?? 21 ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?????.??? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ????? ?????. ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? ?????? ???? ??.????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ???: ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???. ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???. ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???. ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??.
March 4, 2021
?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ????????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ???. ??? ?????? ???, ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????. ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ???? , ????? ? ????????? ???????.
?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ? ????? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? "??? ????? ???????" ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????.
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?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ? ????? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? "??? ????? ???????" ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????.
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February 2, 2024
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§¬§Ñ§ä§à §Ù§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§ß§à §Ó§ì§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Þ, §Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö§ß §Ú§Ù§Ò§à§â. §¡§Ü§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ö §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ä, §ä§ñ §ã§Ö §ñ§Ó§ñ§Ó§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ó§ì§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§é§Ö§â§á§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ß§Ñ. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä §à§ä §Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ä§Ö §Ó§â§ì§Ù§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§ì§Ò§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§è§Ú §Ý§Ú§á§ã§Ó§Ñ§ä §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ñ §ß§Ö§ñ§ã§ß§Ú. §°§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à §ß§Ö§Ñ§Õ§â§Ö§ã§Ú§â§Ñ§ß §Ó§ì§á§â§à§ã§ì§ä §Ù§Ñ§ë§à §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§ã§Ú§é§Ü§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§ì§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ó §à§ã§Ö§Þ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§Ú §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ. §£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§Õ§ì§Þ§á§Ú§ß§Ô, §ß§Ñ §á§à§ß§ñ§Ü§à§Ô§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§á§à§Ü§ì§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§Ö§ä§à - §Ù§Ñ §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ - §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à §Ö §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à. §¯§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ô§Ñ §ã§Ö §ä§à§é§ß§à §ß§Ñ ¡°§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ó§à¡± §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§ß§à §ã§ì§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§ß §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä, §ß§Ñ §ã§ì§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§ì§ß§Ú§é§Ü§à ¡°§Ü§Ñ§Ü¡± §Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Ý§Ú§á§ã§Ó§Ñ§ë§à ¡°§Ù§Ñ§ë§à¡±. §³§ì§ë§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ - §Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§ñ - §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä §Õ§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú, §ë§Ö§ê§Ö §Þ§Ú §ã§Ö §Õ§Ñ §Ó§Ú§Õ§ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à §Ú §±§Ú§ß§à§é§Ö§ä §Ó§ì§ä§â§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§ä§à §Ú §®§à§Ò§å§ä§å, §¬§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§æ§Ú, §·§à§Þ§Ö§Û§ß§Ú, §®§Ñ§â§Ü§à§ã §Ú §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§Ú, §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ú §Ó §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§ñ. §³ §Õ§Ó§Ö §Õ§å§Þ§Ú - §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ö §Ö§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Üa §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §á§à §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ú §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ä§Ó§ì§â§Õ§Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à.
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§³§ì§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§Ñ §ã§ì§Þ §ã §ä§Ö§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §é§Ö §Ü§å§Ý§ä§ì§ä §Ü§ì§Þ §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§ã§ä§ä§Ñ §ß§ñ§Þ§Ñ §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ §è§Ö§Ý §Õ§Ñ §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §Ñ §á§à-§ã§Ü§à§â§à §Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§ì§â§ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ú§é§Ü§Ú §Ó §Ý§ì§Ø§è§Ú §Ú §Ó §ã§ì§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§è§Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§Ñ§ä§ì§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ñ §Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à §Õ§Ñ §ã§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú §Ú§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à §à§Ò§ë§å§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ú §Õ§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô, §ë§à§Þ §Ó§ã§Ú§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§à§Þ§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ß§à §ã§Ö §Ü§ì§Ý§ß§Ñ§ä §Ó§ì§Ó §£§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ, §Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Þ§à §Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ §ã§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§Ñ §ã§Ö§â§Ú§à§Ù§Ö§ß §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä. §©§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§Ñ §ã§á§à§Þ§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§â§à§â§ì§ä, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ §ã§Ö, §Ü§à§Û§ä§à §Ó§ì§â§Ó§Ú §Ó §á§Ñ§Ü§Ö§ä §ã §Ü§å§Ý§ä§Ñ §Ü§ì§Þ §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§ã§ä§ä§Ñ. §¡ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ §¬§Ý§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ö§â §Ó §Ú§Ù§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§à §ã§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ù§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ - §Ò§Ö§Ù§ã§á§Ú§â§ß§à§ä§à, §Ò§Ö§Ù§Þ§à§Ù§ì§é§ß§à, §ç§Ú§á§ß§à§ä§Ú§é§ß§à §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ö§Õ§ß§Ú §Ú §ã§ì§ë§Ú §á§â§à§á§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§ß§Ú §Ý§à§Ù§å§ß§Ô§Ú §â§Ñ§ß§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§ì§ã§ß§à §ã§Ö §à§ä§á§Ý§Ñ§ë§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ §Õ§à§â§Ú §Ó §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§ß§Ú§ä§Ö §Þ§à§Ù§ì§è§Ú.
§¬§Ñ§ä§à §Ù§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§ß§à §Ó§ì§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Þ, §Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö§ß §Ú§Ù§Ò§à§â. §¡§Ü§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ö §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ä, §ä§ñ §ã§Ö §ñ§Ó§ñ§Ó§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ó§ì§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§é§Ö§â§á§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ß§Ñ. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä §à§ä §Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ä§Ö §Ó§â§ì§Ù§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§ì§Ò§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§è§Ú §Ý§Ú§á§ã§Ó§Ñ§ä §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ñ §ß§Ö§ñ§ã§ß§Ú. §°§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à §ß§Ö§Ñ§Õ§â§Ö§ã§Ú§â§Ñ§ß §Ó§ì§á§â§à§ã§ì§ä §Ù§Ñ§ë§à §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§ã§Ú§é§Ü§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§ì§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ó §à§ã§Ö§Þ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§Ú §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ. §£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§Õ§ì§Þ§á§Ú§ß§Ô, §ß§Ñ §á§à§ß§ñ§Ü§à§Ô§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§á§à§Ü§ì§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§Ö§ä§à - §Ù§Ñ §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ - §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à §Ö §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à. §¯§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ô§Ñ §ã§Ö §ä§à§é§ß§à §ß§Ñ ¡°§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ó§à¡± §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§ß§à §ã§ì§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§ß §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä, §ß§Ñ §ã§ì§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§ì§ß§Ú§é§Ü§à ¡°§Ü§Ñ§Ü¡± §Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Ý§Ú§á§ã§Ó§Ñ§ë§à ¡°§Ù§Ñ§ë§à¡±. §³§ì§ë§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ - §Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§ñ - §ä§à§Ó§Ñ §Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä §Õ§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú, §ë§Ö§ê§Ö §Þ§Ú §ã§Ö §Õ§Ñ §Ó§Ú§Õ§ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à §Ú §±§Ú§ß§à§é§Ö§ä §Ó§ì§ä§â§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§ä§à §Ú §®§à§Ò§å§ä§å, §¬§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§æ§Ú, §·§à§Þ§Ö§Û§ß§Ú, §®§Ñ§â§Ü§à§ã §Ú §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§Ú, §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ú §Ó §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§ñ. §³ §Õ§Ó§Ö §Õ§å§Þ§Ú - §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ö §Ö§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Üa §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §á§à §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ú §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ä§Ó§ì§â§Õ§Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à.
2,5??
January 27, 2022
" '???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???. ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???.' ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???."
???? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???. ? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????.
"??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ???? ??????."
?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???. ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??.
????? ??? ???????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ? ?? "??????"? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? "????" ? "???"? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??.
"??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? '??????? ??' ?? '??????? ????' ????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ????. "
?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ???. ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???.
?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???.
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"??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ???? ??????."
?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???. ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??.
????? ??? ???????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ? ?? "??????"? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? "????" ? "???"? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??.
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?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ???. ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???.
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December 8, 2022
?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ????. ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ???????? ?? (????? ??? ??) ??? ??????? ? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???. ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ???? ??.
July 28, 2024
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July 5, 2019
I¡¯ve always found dictators to be a fascinating topic. This book focusses on eight of them: Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao, Kim, Duvalier (¡°Papa Doc), Ceausescu and Mengistu. I suspect that, like me, most readers will be more familiar with some of the names on that list than others. It was interesting both to get more info on the really notorious ones and to learn about some of their relatively obscure comparators. There¡¯s also a good geographical range there, and it covers most of the twentieth century, making for a nice bit of variety, though as the author acknowledges, there are plenty more names that could have made the cut.
The central idea of the book is that ¡°the cult of personality ¡belongs at the very heart of tyranny¡± (as opposed to being a sideshow). Each chapter gives some of the political and historical background to the relevant country and regime and touches on each dictator¡¯s ideological views, political actions and evil deeds. However, the big focus is on their respective personality cults ¨C the posters, parades, personal militias and myths, as well as the ways in which the population was requires to show proper adoration and punished for failure to do so. There¡¯s a lot of interesting stuff in here. It¡¯s a relatively easy read for such a dark and heavy topic, and I found myself reading out all sorts of random facts to my husband (eg. so many badges with Mao¡¯s face were produced that it affected China¡¯s ability to produce aircraft!)
On the one hand, it was fascinating to see the parallels in approaches between what were, on the face of it, very different dictators, politically and personality-wise. There are themes that come up again and again, like the populace blaming everyone else but the dictator for their troubles and swearing he¡¯d stop examples of smallscale, localised corruption and brutality, if only he knew about it. At the same time, it¡¯s interesting to see the way each dictators framed their message to work in their cultural context, whether that¡¯s Mussolini bringing in Catholic aspects or Duvalier doing the same with Voodoo. That said, towards the end, my interest did start to wane slightly, as there were a lot of overlaps, plus the arguably more interesting (or at least, better known and bigger scale) characters were covered off earlier.
Overall though, I¡¯d definitely recommend this to anyone with an interest in 20th century history, particularly those who are interested in the big players or cultural aspects. It was a nice combination of serious history/politics/biography, combined with readability and plenty of ¡°share outloud¡± facts
The central idea of the book is that ¡°the cult of personality ¡belongs at the very heart of tyranny¡± (as opposed to being a sideshow). Each chapter gives some of the political and historical background to the relevant country and regime and touches on each dictator¡¯s ideological views, political actions and evil deeds. However, the big focus is on their respective personality cults ¨C the posters, parades, personal militias and myths, as well as the ways in which the population was requires to show proper adoration and punished for failure to do so. There¡¯s a lot of interesting stuff in here. It¡¯s a relatively easy read for such a dark and heavy topic, and I found myself reading out all sorts of random facts to my husband (eg. so many badges with Mao¡¯s face were produced that it affected China¡¯s ability to produce aircraft!)
On the one hand, it was fascinating to see the parallels in approaches between what were, on the face of it, very different dictators, politically and personality-wise. There are themes that come up again and again, like the populace blaming everyone else but the dictator for their troubles and swearing he¡¯d stop examples of smallscale, localised corruption and brutality, if only he knew about it. At the same time, it¡¯s interesting to see the way each dictators framed their message to work in their cultural context, whether that¡¯s Mussolini bringing in Catholic aspects or Duvalier doing the same with Voodoo. That said, towards the end, my interest did start to wane slightly, as there were a lot of overlaps, plus the arguably more interesting (or at least, better known and bigger scale) characters were covered off earlier.
Overall though, I¡¯d definitely recommend this to anyone with an interest in 20th century history, particularly those who are interested in the big players or cultural aspects. It was a nice combination of serious history/politics/biography, combined with readability and plenty of ¡°share outloud¡± facts
October 25, 2024
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December 31, 2022
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January 14, 2020
Reductive, boring. Verbose. Better off as a long essay for the Atlantic.
December 29, 2021
Very laboured read. Although very detailed, it felt like reading a history textbook where there was not really any value added by the author.
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