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鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬: 賲賳 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 丕賱賶 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮
賴匕丕 兀賵賱 鬲兀乇賷禺 卮丕賲賱 賱賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賷氐丿乇 賲賳匕 夭賲賳 胤賵賷賱貙 賷賳胤賱賯 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賲賳 鬲兀爻賷爻 廿賲丕乇丞 噩亘賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賲胤賱毓 丕賱毓賴丿 丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷 賮賷爻鬲毓乇囟 賵賷丨賱賱 賲乇丕丨賱 鬲胤賵乇 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬: 丕賳賴賷丕乇 丕賱賳馗丕賲 丕賱賲賯丕胤毓噩賷 賵爻胤 丕賱丕賳鬲賮丕囟丕鬲 丕賱毓丕賲賷丞 賵丕賱丕賯鬲鬲丕賱 丕賱兀賴賱賷 賵鬲睾賱睾賱 乇兀爻 丕賱賲丕賱 丕賱兀賵乇賵亘賷貙 賳賲賵 丿賵乇 亘賷乇賵鬲 賮賷 丕賱鬲噩丕乇丞 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮丞 賮賷 丕賱賳氐賮 丕賱孬丕賳賷 賲賳 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇貙 丿賵乇 賱亘賳丕賳 賮賷 丕賱賳賴氐丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞貙 鬲兀爻賷爻 丕賱賰賷丕賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷 賮賷 馗賱 丕賱丕賳鬲丿丕亘 丕賱賮乇賳爻賷貙 賲毓囟賱丕鬲 亘賳丕亍 丕賱丿賵賱丞 禺賱丕賱 毓賴賵丿 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱貙 丕賱賲乇丕丨賱 丕賱孬賱丕孬 賱賱丨乇賵亘 丕賱鬲賷 丕賳丿賱毓鬲 賮賷 賳賷爻丕賳 1975貙 賵氐賵賱丕賸 廿賱賶 丕賱鬲爻賵賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 賵囟毓鬲 丨丿 賱賱丕賯鬲鬲丕賱 賵賮賯 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮 毓丕賲 1989.
賵賷鬲賷賲夭 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 賲丐賱賮賴 丕賱噩丿賷丿 亘賲賳賴噩賷丞 鬲賳爻噩 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮賷 賲毓丕賸 賮賷 賳氐 睾賳賷 亘丕賱賵賯丕卅毓 丕賱賲丨賯賯丞 賵丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱丕鬲 丕賱孬丕賯亘丞 賵丕賱丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賲孬賷乇丞.
賴匕丕 賰鬲丕亘 賲賵噩賴 賱賱胤丕賱亘 賵丕賱亘丕丨孬 賵噩賲賴賵乇 丕賱賯乇丕亍 丕賱賵丕爻毓 毓賱賶 丨丿 爻賵丕亍貙 賷卮賰賱 賲乇噩毓丕賸 賱丕 睾賳賶 毓賳賴 賱鬲丨氐賷賱 賲毓丕乇賮 賲賵囟賵毓賷丞 毓賳 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賱賮賴賲 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵丕賱鬲胤賵乇丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲卮丕亘賰丞 賵丕賱賲毓賯丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 毓丕卮賴丕 賱亘賳丕賳 禺賱丕賱 丕賱毓賯丿賷賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇賷賳.
賵賷鬲賷賲夭 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 賲丐賱賮賴 丕賱噩丿賷丿 亘賲賳賴噩賷丞 鬲賳爻噩 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮賷 賲毓丕賸 賮賷 賳氐 睾賳賷 亘丕賱賵賯丕卅毓 丕賱賲丨賯賯丞 賵丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱丕鬲 丕賱孬丕賯亘丞 賵丕賱丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賲孬賷乇丞.
賴匕丕 賰鬲丕亘 賲賵噩賴 賱賱胤丕賱亘 賵丕賱亘丕丨孬 賵噩賲賴賵乇 丕賱賯乇丕亍 丕賱賵丕爻毓 毓賱賶 丨丿 爻賵丕亍貙 賷卮賰賱 賲乇噩毓丕賸 賱丕 睾賳賶 毓賳賴 賱鬲丨氐賷賱 賲毓丕乇賮 賲賵囟賵毓賷丞 毓賳 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賱賮賴賲 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵丕賱鬲胤賵乇丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲卮丕亘賰丞 賵丕賱賲毓賯丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 毓丕卮賴丕 賱亘賳丕賳 禺賱丕賱 丕賱毓賯丿賷賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇賷賳.
471 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 2008
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賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷
21听books139听followers賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷貙 爻賷丕爻賷 賵賰丕鬲亘 賵兀爻鬲丕匕 噩丕賲毓賷 賱亘賳丕賳賷. 賰丕賳 賲毓 兀丨賲丿 亘賷囟賵賳 賵賵囟丕丨 卮乇丕乇丞 賲賳 兀亘乇夭 賯賷丕丿賷 丨乇賰丞 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱廿卮鬲乇丕賰賷 丕賱鬲賷 廿賳丿賲噩鬲 爻賳丞 1970 賲毓 賲賳馗賲丞 丕賱廿卮鬲乇丕賰賷賷賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賱鬲卮賰賱 賲賳馗賲丞 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱卮賷賵毓賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳. 兀氐亘丨 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賳丕卅亘丕 賱賱兀賲賷賳 丕賱毓丕賲 賱賱賲賳馗賲丞 孬賲 兀丨丿 兀亘乇夭 賵噩賵賴 丕賱丨乇賰丞 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞. 睾丕丿乇 丕賱賲賳馗賲丞 爻賳丞 1984 賵匕賴亘 廿賱賶 亘丕乇賷爻 賱賲賵丕氐賱丞 丿乇丕爻鬲賴. 賷丨賲賱 丿賰鬲賵乇丕賴 賮賷 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賳 噩丕賲毓丞 亘丕乇賷爻. 卮睾賱 賲賳氐亘 乇卅賷爻 鬲丨乇賷乇 噩乇賷丿丞 丕賱丨乇賷丞 賵賲噩賱丞 亘賷乇賵鬲 丕賱賲爻丕亍.
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March 28, 2024
- 賱丕 亘丿 賲賳 丕賱鬲賳賵賷賴 丕賵賱丕賸 丕賱賶 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓 丕賱賲毓鬲賲丿丞 賵鬲賵孬賷賯 丕賱廿賯鬲亘丕爻丕鬲 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賵乇睾賲 丕賳 丕賱兀賲乇 賷亘丿賵 胤亘賷毓賷丕賸 丕賱丕 丕賳賳賷 賯乇兀鬲 毓卮乇丕鬲 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賳 丿賵賳 賲乇丕噩毓 賵丕賱毓丿賷丿 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲亘 賱 "賲賮賰乇賷賳" 亘丿賵賳 丨丿 丕丿賳賶 賲賳 丕賲丕賳丞 丕賱賳賯賱 賵鬲賵孬賷賯 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓!
- 丕賳賴丕 丕賱賲乇丞 丕賱賲卅丞 乇亘賲丕貙 丕賱鬲賷 丕賯乇兀 鬲丕乇賷禺 噩亘賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賱亘賳丕賳貙 賵賱賰賳 賲賳 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 噩丿賷丿丞. 鬲毓丿丿鬲 丕賱賳馗乇丕鬲 賮鬲毓丿丿鬲 丕賱丨賯丕卅賯 賵丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱丕鬲.
- 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賰丕賳 丕賱賶 丨丿 賰亘賷乇 賲賵囟賵毓賷丕賸 賮賷 賳賯賱 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵鬲賵孬賷賯賴丕. 賵賵丕囟丨 丕賳賴 賱丕 賷賳胤賱賯 賲賳 禺賱賮賷丞 胤丕卅賮賷丞 賱賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賮賱丕 賷賮爻乇賴丕 丨爻亘 賴賵賶 丕賱胤丕卅賮丞貙 賵賴匕丕 賷丨爻亘 賱賴.
- 丕賮鬲賯丿鬲 賰鬲丕亘 "毓丿賵 毓丿賵賷" 賱 賱丕乇丕 丕鬲賳亘乇睾 賲賳 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓貙 乇睾賲 丕賳賴 丕爻鬲毓丕賳 亘 "丨亘 賵賲賵鬲 賮賷 亘賷乇賵鬲" 賱 亘丕乇亘丕乇丕 賳賷賵賲丕賳.
- 丕賳賯賱丕亘 丕賱 佴佗: 賰丕賳 賷噩亘 丕賱廿爻鬲賮丕囟丞 賮賷 鬲賮丕氐賷賱賴 丕賰孬乇 賵禺氐賵氐丕 丕賳 賮丐丕丿 毓賵囟( 賯丕卅丿 丕賱丕賳賯賱丕亘) 賯丿 賰鬲亘 亘鬲賮氐賷賱 賲賲賱 賱丕丨賯丕 賲丕 丕賱匕賷 丨氐賱 賵賱賲丕匕丕 (丕賱胤乇賷賯 丕賱賶 丕賱爻賱胤丞 毓賳賵丕賳賴 丕匕丕 賱賲 丕賰賳 賲禺胤兀!)貙 賳賮爻 丕賱亘鬲乇 毓丕丿 賵鬲賰乇乇 賮賷 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱 75-90 賵丕賱鬲賷 賴賷 丕禺胤乇 賲乇丨賱丞 賮賷 賰賱 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺
- 丕睾鬲賷丕賱 亘卮賷乇貙 亘丕乇亘乇丕 賳賷賵賲賳 匕賰乇鬲 賲賳 丕睾鬲丕賱賴 賵賵囟毓鬲 氐賵乇鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賱賰賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 兀睾賮賱 賴匕丕 丕賱噩夭亍.
- 丕睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 丕賱毓賲賱賷丕鬲 丕賱賳賵毓賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 賯丕賲鬲 亘賴丕 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 賮賷 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱 侉佗-侉佴貙 賵丕賱毓賲賱賷丕鬲 丕賱賲囟丕丿丞 賱毓賲賱賷丞 "丕賲賳 丕賱噩賱賷賱"!
- 丕睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 丕賱爻亘亘 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷 賱賲賳丨 丕賱賵賰丕賱丞 丕賱丨氐乇賷丞 賮賷 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞!!!
- 廿睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 亘毓囟 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賲丐孬乇丞 (丕賵 匕賰乇賴丕 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲丨賷丕亍) 賲孬賱 丕賱賲賮鬲賷 丨爻賳 禺丕賱丿貙 丕賱丕賲丕賲 賲賵爻賶 丕賱氐丿乇...
- 丕賱賲賯丕乇亘丞 丕賱胤亘賯賷丞 賱兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賰丕賳鬲 噩賷丿丞貙 賱賰賳 匕賱賰 賱丕 賷賳賮賷 丕賱氐乇丕毓丕鬲 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞 賵禺氐賵氐丕 賮賷 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賵賲丕 亘毓丿賴丕.
- 鬲爻賱賷胤 丕賱囟賵亍 毓賱賶 賴賷賲賳丞 胤丕卅賮丞 毓賱賶 丕禺乇賶 賵賯乇丕卅鬲賴丕 賮賷 丕賱鬲胤賵乇 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賵鬲賰乇丕乇 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賰丕賳 賲賲鬲丕夭丕 賵賴賵 賷賳亘兀 亘丨乇亘 噩丿賷丿丞 賲賰乇乇丞 賱賰賳 亘鬲睾賷賷乇 丕爻賲 丕賱胤賵丕卅賮.
- 賱賰賳 亘卮賰賱 毓丕賲 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩賷丿 賵賲賵囟賵毓賷 丕賱賶 丨丿 賰亘賷乇 賵丕賯乇亘 賲賳 賲毓馗賲 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱兀禺乇賶 丕賱賶 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞貙 賵禺氐賵氐丕 鬲賱賰 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丿乇爻 賮賷 丕賱賲賳丕賴噩 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞.
- 賲丕 賷賲賰賳 丕爻鬲賳鬲丕噩賴 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賴賵 丕賱鬲噩乇亘丞 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕 賲賳 丨賷孬 鬲賮鬲賷鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵廿賯丕賲丞 丕賱賰賳鬲賵賳丕鬲 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞貙 賵賴匕丕 丕賱卮賰賱 賲賳 丕賱丿賵賷賱丕鬲 丕氐亘丨 賳賲賵匕噩丕賸 賷胤亘賾賯 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀禺乇賶 (賱亘賳賳丞 丕賱賲賳胤賯丞) 賱鬲丨賵賷賱 賲丨賷胤 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷丞 丕賱賶 賲夭丕乇毓 賲匕賴亘賷丞 鬲鬲賳丕賮乇 賵鬲鬲氐丕乇毓 賮賷賲丕 亘賷賳賴丕.
- 丕賳賴丕 丕賱賲乇丞 丕賱賲卅丞 乇亘賲丕貙 丕賱鬲賷 丕賯乇兀 鬲丕乇賷禺 噩亘賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賱亘賳丕賳貙 賵賱賰賳 賲賳 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 噩丿賷丿丞. 鬲毓丿丿鬲 丕賱賳馗乇丕鬲 賮鬲毓丿丿鬲 丕賱丨賯丕卅賯 賵丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱丕鬲.
- 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賰丕賳 丕賱賶 丨丿 賰亘賷乇 賲賵囟賵毓賷丕賸 賮賷 賳賯賱 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵鬲賵孬賷賯賴丕. 賵賵丕囟丨 丕賳賴 賱丕 賷賳胤賱賯 賲賳 禺賱賮賷丞 胤丕卅賮賷丞 賱賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賮賱丕 賷賮爻乇賴丕 丨爻亘 賴賵賶 丕賱胤丕卅賮丞貙 賵賴匕丕 賷丨爻亘 賱賴.
- 丕賮鬲賯丿鬲 賰鬲丕亘 "毓丿賵 毓丿賵賷" 賱 賱丕乇丕 丕鬲賳亘乇睾 賲賳 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓貙 乇睾賲 丕賳賴 丕爻鬲毓丕賳 亘 "丨亘 賵賲賵鬲 賮賷 亘賷乇賵鬲" 賱 亘丕乇亘丕乇丕 賳賷賵賲丕賳.
- 丕賳賯賱丕亘 丕賱 佴佗: 賰丕賳 賷噩亘 丕賱廿爻鬲賮丕囟丞 賮賷 鬲賮丕氐賷賱賴 丕賰孬乇 賵禺氐賵氐丕 丕賳 賮丐丕丿 毓賵囟( 賯丕卅丿 丕賱丕賳賯賱丕亘) 賯丿 賰鬲亘 亘鬲賮氐賷賱 賲賲賱 賱丕丨賯丕 賲丕 丕賱匕賷 丨氐賱 賵賱賲丕匕丕 (丕賱胤乇賷賯 丕賱賶 丕賱爻賱胤丞 毓賳賵丕賳賴 丕匕丕 賱賲 丕賰賳 賲禺胤兀!)貙 賳賮爻 丕賱亘鬲乇 毓丕丿 賵鬲賰乇乇 賮賷 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱 75-90 賵丕賱鬲賷 賴賷 丕禺胤乇 賲乇丨賱丞 賮賷 賰賱 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺
- 丕睾鬲賷丕賱 亘卮賷乇貙 亘丕乇亘乇丕 賳賷賵賲賳 匕賰乇鬲 賲賳 丕睾鬲丕賱賴 賵賵囟毓鬲 氐賵乇鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賱賰賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 兀睾賮賱 賴匕丕 丕賱噩夭亍.
- 丕睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 丕賱毓賲賱賷丕鬲 丕賱賳賵毓賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 賯丕賲鬲 亘賴丕 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 賮賷 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱 侉佗-侉佴貙 賵丕賱毓賲賱賷丕鬲 丕賱賲囟丕丿丞 賱毓賲賱賷丞 "丕賲賳 丕賱噩賱賷賱"!
- 丕睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 丕賱爻亘亘 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷 賱賲賳丨 丕賱賵賰丕賱丞 丕賱丨氐乇賷丞 賮賷 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞!!!
- 廿睾賮丕賱 匕賰乇 亘毓囟 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賲丐孬乇丞 (丕賵 匕賰乇賴丕 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲丨賷丕亍) 賲孬賱 丕賱賲賮鬲賷 丨爻賳 禺丕賱丿貙 丕賱丕賲丕賲 賲賵爻賶 丕賱氐丿乇...
- 丕賱賲賯丕乇亘丞 丕賱胤亘賯賷丞 賱兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賰丕賳鬲 噩賷丿丞貙 賱賰賳 匕賱賰 賱丕 賷賳賮賷 丕賱氐乇丕毓丕鬲 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞 賵禺氐賵氐丕 賮賷 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賵賲丕 亘毓丿賴丕.
- 鬲爻賱賷胤 丕賱囟賵亍 毓賱賶 賴賷賲賳丞 胤丕卅賮丞 毓賱賶 丕禺乇賶 賵賯乇丕卅鬲賴丕 賮賷 丕賱鬲胤賵乇 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賵鬲賰乇丕乇 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賰丕賳 賲賲鬲丕夭丕 賵賴賵 賷賳亘兀 亘丨乇亘 噩丿賷丿丞 賲賰乇乇丞 賱賰賳 亘鬲睾賷賷乇 丕爻賲 丕賱胤賵丕卅賮.
- 賱賰賳 亘卮賰賱 毓丕賲 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩賷丿 賵賲賵囟賵毓賷 丕賱賶 丨丿 賰亘賷乇 賵丕賯乇亘 賲賳 賲毓馗賲 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱兀禺乇賶 丕賱賶 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞貙 賵禺氐賵氐丕 鬲賱賰 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丿乇爻 賮賷 丕賱賲賳丕賴噩 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞.
- 賲丕 賷賲賰賳 丕爻鬲賳鬲丕噩賴 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賴賵 丕賱鬲噩乇亘丞 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕 賲賳 丨賷孬 鬲賮鬲賷鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 賵廿賯丕賲丞 丕賱賰賳鬲賵賳丕鬲 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞貙 賵賴匕丕 丕賱卮賰賱 賲賳 丕賱丿賵賷賱丕鬲 丕氐亘丨 賳賲賵匕噩丕賸 賷胤亘賾賯 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀禺乇賶 (賱亘賳賳丞 丕賱賲賳胤賯丞) 賱鬲丨賵賷賱 賲丨賷胤 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷丞 丕賱賶 賲夭丕乇毓 賲匕賴亘賷丞 鬲鬲賳丕賮乇 賵鬲鬲氐丕乇毓 賮賷賲丕 亘賷賳賴丕.
March 13, 2011
賲乇噩毓賹 兀爻丕爻賷賹賾 賵賲賴賲 賱賰賱 賲賳 賷賵丿賾 丕賱丕胤賱丕毓 毓賱賶 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳貙 賷睾胤賾賷 丨賯亘丞賸 夭賲賳賷丞賸 胤賵賷賱丞賸 鬲賲鬲丿賾 賲賳 卮賰賱賴丕 賰廿賲丕乇丞賺 氐睾賷乇丞 兀賷丕賲 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷 賲乇賵乇丕賸 亘氐乇丕毓賴丕 丕賱丿丕賲賷 丕賱胤賵賷賱 賱丕賱鬲賲丕爻 賴賵賷鬲賴丕 賵鬲賵賱賷賮 胤賵丕卅賮賴丕 丕賱賲鬲毓丿丿丞 亘卮賰賱賺 睾乇賷亘賺 賮賷 亘賱丿賺 氐睾賷乇賺 賰賱亘賳丕賳貙 賵賱賷爻賻 丕賳鬲賴丕亍賸 亘丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮 丕賱匕賷 賱賲 賷賰賳 禺丕鬲賲丞賸 賱賴匕丕 丕賱氐乇丕毓 賱賱兀爻賮.
亘毓丿 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀噩丿賳賷 兀賰孬乇 賮賴賲丕賸 賱賲丕 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丌賳貙 賵賲賳卮兀 丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱賲爻鬲丿賷賲 亘賷賳 丕賱兀丨夭丕亘. 賷購乇毓亘賳賷 賰賲 丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱丿賲 丕賱匕賷 兀乇賷賯 賱鬲賳丕夭毓 賴匕丕 丕賱亘賱丿貙 賷乇毓亘賳賷 兀賰孬乇 兀賳 兀賷丕丿賺 賲賱胤禺丞 亘丕賱丿賲丕亍 賵丕賱賲噩丕夭乇 丕賱賵丨卮賷丞 賲丕 夭丕賱鬲 鬲賲賱賰 賮賷賴 乇兀賷丕賸 賵氐賵鬲丕賸!
亘毓丿 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀噩丿賳賷 兀賰孬乇 賮賴賲丕賸 賱賲丕 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丌賳貙 賵賲賳卮兀 丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱賲爻鬲丿賷賲 亘賷賳 丕賱兀丨夭丕亘. 賷購乇毓亘賳賷 賰賲 丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱丿賲 丕賱匕賷 兀乇賷賯 賱鬲賳丕夭毓 賴匕丕 丕賱亘賱丿貙 賷乇毓亘賳賷 兀賰孬乇 兀賳 兀賷丕丿賺 賲賱胤禺丞 亘丕賱丿賲丕亍 賵丕賱賲噩丕夭乇 丕賱賵丨卮賷丞 賲丕 夭丕賱鬲 鬲賲賱賰 賮賷賴 乇兀賷丕賸 賵氐賵鬲丕賸!
July 12, 2016
賰鬲丕亘 賷丨賰賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱賲賱卅 亘丕賱丿賲 賵丕賱丿賲賵毓 賵丕賱賮馗丕卅毓 賵賰賷賮 鬲丨賵賱 兀亘賳丕亍 丕賱亘賱丿 丕賱賵丕丨丿 廿賱賶 兀毓丿丕亍 賱丕 乇丨賲丞 亘賷賳賴賲 賮賷 丨乇亘 兀賴賱賷丞 賲賳 兀亘卮毓 丕賱丨乇賵亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 亘丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺..丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀賵囟丨 賱賷 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賲丕 賰賳鬲 兀噩賴賱賴 毓賳 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 禺丕氐丞 賮賷 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 賵丕賱兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱爻丕亘賯丞 賱賴丕..
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 毓乇囟 鬲丕乇賷禺賷 爻賱爻 賲賳 丕賱丨賯亘丞 丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷丞 丕賱賶 賲乇丨賱丞 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱丨乇亘
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 毓乇囟 鬲丕乇賷禺賷 爻賱爻 賲賳 丕賱丨賯亘丞 丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷丞 丕賱賶 賲乇丨賱丞 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱丨乇亘
July 5, 2022
賮賰賷賮 氐丕乇 胤毓賲購賴丕貙 胤毓賲 賳丕乇賺 賵丿禺丕賳..
April 10, 2025
毓馗賷賲 噩丿賸丕
July 12, 2022
Caveat emptor: Fawwaz Traboulsi was and remains a leading figure of the Lebanese left. A historian interprets events, not always documented, and weaves a narrative around those events. As such, the book takes an interesting approach in looking at the history of Lebanon from a class struggle perspective in which the 17 confessions of Lebanon, specifically the leading 6 -Maronites, Sunnis, Chiites, Druzes, Greek Orthodox and Catholics- confiscate the role of the government to continue hoarding the largest pool of resources at the expense of the working class.
Fawwaz challenges the sectarian narrative of those in power who claim that the consolidation of more power into the hands of the leaders of the confessions, yields greater wealth to the Lebanese 鈥渕embers鈥� of those confessions. While Fawwaz鈥檚 challenge may seem self-evident to residents of 2019 onwards Lebanon, whose socio-economic wellbeing was leveled to the ground, no matter to which confession they belong, still the political rhetoric of the parties in power, ahead of the 2022 elections, centered around the preservation of the rights of the sects, dusting away the analysis of Fawwaz and of those who align with his ideas.
Fawwaz demonstrates in this book that, no matter what the instilled political system is, those who pay the price are the lower classes, whose demands, starting from the first half of the 19th century when the 鈥�3ammiyin鈥� -the commoners- revolted against families who secured privileges and rights bestowed upon them following their allegiance to the Maronite church and/or to an external power, notably France, until the pre-war protests of the students, the factory workers, the fishermen and the like demanding social justice, to the de-facto, unjust 鈥渒houweh鈥� system levied by the militia groups in exchange for favors ranging from licenses to protection. Needless to say, these demands, which transcend the rights of any confession, were never taken into consideration, despite the confessional oligarchical system of Lebanon. Traboulsi is amazed by the ability of such a system to replicate itself, substituting family names by others, from the likes of Pharaon, Chiha, Kettaneh, Sursock during the French mandate times to the new-on-the-scene ones such as Berri, Hariri, Miqati, Safadi, Bassil, Geagea next to the perennial Joumblatt, Fragieh and others.
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Fawwaz challenges the sectarian narrative of those in power who claim that the consolidation of more power into the hands of the leaders of the confessions, yields greater wealth to the Lebanese 鈥渕embers鈥� of those confessions. While Fawwaz鈥檚 challenge may seem self-evident to residents of 2019 onwards Lebanon, whose socio-economic wellbeing was leveled to the ground, no matter to which confession they belong, still the political rhetoric of the parties in power, ahead of the 2022 elections, centered around the preservation of the rights of the sects, dusting away the analysis of Fawwaz and of those who align with his ideas.
Fawwaz demonstrates in this book that, no matter what the instilled political system is, those who pay the price are the lower classes, whose demands, starting from the first half of the 19th century when the 鈥�3ammiyin鈥� -the commoners- revolted against families who secured privileges and rights bestowed upon them following their allegiance to the Maronite church and/or to an external power, notably France, until the pre-war protests of the students, the factory workers, the fishermen and the like demanding social justice, to the de-facto, unjust 鈥渒houweh鈥� system levied by the militia groups in exchange for favors ranging from licenses to protection. Needless to say, these demands, which transcend the rights of any confession, were never taken into consideration, despite the confessional oligarchical system of Lebanon. Traboulsi is amazed by the ability of such a system to replicate itself, substituting family names by others, from the likes of Pharaon, Chiha, Kettaneh, Sursock during the French mandate times to the new-on-the-scene ones such as Berri, Hariri, Miqati, Safadi, Bassil, Geagea next to the perennial Joumblatt, Fragieh and others.
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December 17, 2017
The best book on the history of modern Lebanon without a single doubt. No wonder it garnered the admiration of the likes of Noam Chomsky and other major intellectuals. Completely (and strangely) unbiased, providing a history of pre-war Lebanon and all the intricacies that led to the infamous civil war. If Traboulsi provides a sequel concerning the post-war era (1991-present), this could (and should) become the standard scholarly history of the country of Lebanon. This book is of utmost importance to anyone interested in understanding the peculiar case of a country whose identity and allegiance has long been confused and disputed. It is, also, of special importance to every post-war generation Lebanese, residing in Lebanon or abroad, and yearning to understand the origin of the current state of affairs in their country.
February 8, 2016
賰鬲丕亘 賲賴賲 賱賲毓乇賮丞 胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丨乇丕賰 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳貙 賰賷賮 鬲卮賰賱鬲 "丕賱賰賵鬲丕" 丕賱毓乇賯賷丞 丕賱丿賷賳賷丞 賮賷 丕賱鬲乇賰賷亘丞 丕賱廿丿丕乇賷丞 賱賱亘賱丕丿貙 賵丿賵乇 丿賵賱 丕賱噩賵丕乇 賮賷 鬲爻賷賷乇 丕賱丿丕禺賱 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷.
亘毓囟 丕賱兀爻賲丕亍 丕賱賵丕乇丿丞 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲丕 夭丕賱鬲 賮丕毓賱丞貙 賱賰賳 賲丕 賴賵 鬲丕乇賷禺賴丕責 賵賲丕 賴賵 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕乇鬲亘丕胤賴丕 亘丕賱賰賷丕賳 丕賱氐賴賷賵賳賷責 賵賰賷賮 賮鬲丨鬲 賱亘賳丕賳 毓賱賶 賲氐乇丕毓賷賴 賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 亘丕賱丿禺賵賱 賵廿卮丕毓丞 丕賱賮賵囟賶 賵爻賮賰 丕賱丿賲丕亍.
丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇 卮賷亍 賲匕賴賱貙 賱兀賳賴 賷爻賲丨 賱賰 亘賮賴賲 胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱兀丿賵丕乇 丕賱鬲賷 賷賱毓亘賴丕 亘毓囟 丕賱爻丕爻丞 賵乇丐賷丞 賰賷賮賷丞 鬲睾賷乇 賲賵丕賯賮賴賲 亘鬲睾賷乇 賲氐丕賱丨賴賲.
賰鬲丕亘 兀賳氐丨 亘賴 亘賲賳 兀乇丕丿 兀賳 賷賮賴賲 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賷夭賷賱 睾亘卮 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱爻胤丨賷丞 毓賱賶 兀賳 賱亘賳丕賳 卮賷毓賷丞 兀賵 賲丕乇賵賳賷丞 兀賵 丿乇夭賷丞 兀賵 爻賳賷丞貙 賮賱亘賳丕賳 賰賱 賴丐賱丕亍 賲噩鬲賲毓賷賳.
亘毓囟 丕賱兀爻賲丕亍 丕賱賵丕乇丿丞 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲丕 夭丕賱鬲 賮丕毓賱丞貙 賱賰賳 賲丕 賴賵 鬲丕乇賷禺賴丕責 賵賲丕 賴賵 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕乇鬲亘丕胤賴丕 亘丕賱賰賷丕賳 丕賱氐賴賷賵賳賷責 賵賰賷賮 賮鬲丨鬲 賱亘賳丕賳 毓賱賶 賲氐乇丕毓賷賴 賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 亘丕賱丿禺賵賱 賵廿卮丕毓丞 丕賱賮賵囟賶 賵爻賮賰 丕賱丿賲丕亍.
丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇 卮賷亍 賲匕賴賱貙 賱兀賳賴 賷爻賲丨 賱賰 亘賮賴賲 胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱兀丿賵丕乇 丕賱鬲賷 賷賱毓亘賴丕 亘毓囟 丕賱爻丕爻丞 賵乇丐賷丞 賰賷賮賷丞 鬲睾賷乇 賲賵丕賯賮賴賲 亘鬲睾賷乇 賲氐丕賱丨賴賲.
賰鬲丕亘 兀賳氐丨 亘賴 亘賲賳 兀乇丕丿 兀賳 賷賮賴賲 賱亘賳丕賳 賵賷夭賷賱 睾亘卮 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱爻胤丨賷丞 毓賱賶 兀賳 賱亘賳丕賳 卮賷毓賷丞 兀賵 賲丕乇賵賳賷丞 兀賵 丿乇夭賷丞 兀賵 爻賳賷丞貙 賮賱亘賳丕賳 賰賱 賴丐賱丕亍 賲噩鬲賲毓賷賳.
April 29, 2021
賰鬲丕亘 賷丐乇禺 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬 亘卮賰賱 丿賯賷賯 賵賲賵孬賯. 賷賮爻賾乇 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷賾丞 賱賷爻 賮賯胤 賲賳 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 爻賷丕爻賷賾丞 亘賱 兀賷囟賸丕 賲賳 丕賱賳丕丨賷丞 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷賾丞 賵丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷賾丞. 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 爻賴賱丞 賵賲賲鬲毓丞.
September 4, 2022
賱兀賳 丕賱禺賵囟 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 毓賲賱 卮丕賯 賵賷鬲胤賱亘 噩乇兀丞 賵卮噩丕毓丞貙 賵亘爻亘亘 賳丿乇丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲鬲賳丕賵賱 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賳 噩賴丞貙 賵鬲毓胤卮賷 丕賱卮禺氐賷 賱賱丕胤賱丕毓 毓賱賶 亘毓囟 丕賱丨賯亘丕鬲 丕賱賲胤賲賵爻丞 亘卮賰賱 賲賯氐賵丿 毓賱賶 丕賱兀睾賱亘貙 兀賲賳丨 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀乇亘毓 賳噩賲丕鬲. 賷氐賱丨 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賲賱 賮賷 賰孬賷乇 賲賳 噩賵丕賳亘賴 賱兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賲乇噩毓丕 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賱丕 爻賷賲丕 賵兀賳賴 賲賳馗賲 賵賲亘賵亘 賵賲乇鬲亘 亘卮賰賱 噩賷丿. 賱丕 亘丿 賲賳 丕賱廿卮丕乇丞 廿賱賶 兀賳 兀賴賵丕亍 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賵賲賷賵賱賴 丕賱賮賰乇賷丞 賯丿 胤亘毓鬲 亘毓囟 丕賱賲賵丕賯賮 賵丕賱丌乇丕亍 丕賱賵丕乇丿丞 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賱匕賱賰 賮毓賱賶 丕賱賲鬲賱賯賷 丕賱丨匕賯貙 賰丕賱毓丕丿丞貙 兀賳 賷胤賾賱毓 賵賷鬲賲毓賳 賱丕 兀賳 賷鬲亘賳賶 毓賱賶 丕賱賮賵乇貙 賵兀賳 賷鬲賳亘賾賴 廿賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賵賱賵 丕賳鬲賴噩 胤乇賷賯丕 毓賱賲賷丕 賮賷 鬲兀賱賷賮賴貙 廿賱丕 兀賳賴 賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 氐丕丨亘 乇兀賷 賵賱丕 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賳 賷賮氐賱 乇兀賷賴 毓賲丕 賷賰鬲亘賴 亘卮賰賱 鬲丕賲.
July 26, 2017
I can NOW see how much it is considered a "MUST" to read the history of your own country, especially in this continuous and interconnected manner (not the way we were taught history at schools)
Names of politicians you hear everyday will sound differently by then, and of course you'll gain a deeper understanding for current political issues!
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." (George Santayana)
Names of politicians you hear everyday will sound differently by then, and of course you'll gain a deeper understanding for current political issues!
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." (George Santayana)
August 13, 2011
I don't know what's different about this book is it the way and the sequence with which the writer presented the information and the incidents or is it the contemporary Lebanese history itself and how rich it is. The book made me understand how superficial was my understanding of that country and it's history.
August 14, 2022
賯乇兀鬲 胤亘毓丞 丕賱 佗贍佟侉. 賰鬲丕亘 賲賲賷夭 賲賳 丨賷孬 丕賱鬲賳馗賷賲 賵丕賱鬲亘賵賷亘 賵鬲賵孬賷賯 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓. 睾賳賷 賮賷 鬲丨賱賷賱賴 賱賱丨乇亘 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞 賵丕爻亘丕亘賴丕 賵丕賱毓賵丕賲賱 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱丕鬲賷 丨丕賱鬲 丿賵賳 賳噩丕丨 丕賱孬賵乇丞. 賱賲 賷氐賵乇 賵噩賴丞 丕賱賳馗乇 丕賱賷賲賷賳賷丞 賲賳 丨賷孬 囟乇賵乇丞 丕賱毓賱丕賯丞 亘丕賱氐賴丕賷賳丞 - 亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 賱賱賷賲賷賳- 賵氐賮 丕賵囟丕毓 丕賱丨乇亘 賵丨丕賱 丕賱賳丕爻 賮賷賴丕. 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 賱賲禺鬲賱賮 賲乇丕丨賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱賲丕囟賷. 鬲丨丿孬 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 毓賳 丕賱胤丕卅賮 亘丕禺鬲氐丕乇. 丕賱禺賱丕氐丞 賰鬲丕亘 噩賷丿 噩丿丕賸 賵賲賴賲.
June 16, 2016
鬲丕乇賷禺 賲禺鬲氐乇 賱賱亘賳丕賳 賲賳 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱爻丕丿爻 毓卮乇 廿賱賶 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮貙 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賵丕夭賳 亘賷賳 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賱賱亘賳丕賳 賵丕賱孬賯丕賮賷 賵丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷. 丕賱賲賱丕丨馗 兀賳 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮 丕賱賲丕乇賰爻賷丞 賵丕囟丨丞 亘鬲乇賰賷夭賴 毓賱賶 丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱胤亘賯賷 丕賱丨丕氐賱 賮賷 噩亘賱 賱亘賳丕賳 亘賷賳 丕賱丿乇賵夭 賵丕賱賲賵丕乇賳丞.
鬲賲賳賷鬲 賱賵 兀賳賴 鬲賵爻毓 賯賱賷賱賸丕 亘鬲賮氐賷賱 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞.
鬲賲賳賷鬲 賱賵 兀賳賴 鬲賵爻毓 賯賱賷賱賸丕 亘鬲賮氐賷賱 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷丞.
May 3, 2019
賰鬲丕亘 賲賲鬲丕夭貙 卮賷賯貙 賵卮丕賲賱 毓賳 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬貙 亘兀賷丕賲賴 丕賱丨賱賵丞 賵丕賱賲乇丞 賲毓丕.
April 5, 2019
鈥�1- 賰鬲丕亘丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 鬲丨賲賱 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱氐亘睾丞 丕賱卮禺氐賷丞 賱賱賲丐賱賮. 賮賴賵 賷丐乇禺 賲賳 賲賳馗賵乇賴 賵賷賮爻乇 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵丕賱賵賯丕卅毓 賵賮賯丕 賱匕賱賰. 賵賷囟賷亍 毓賱賶 噩夭卅賷丞 賵賷馗賱賱 毓賱賶 兀噩夭丕亍.
賯亘賱 賯乇丕亍丞 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵兀賷 賰鬲丕亘 賷噩亘 丕賱丕胤賱丕毓 毓賱賶 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賵鬲丕乇賷禺賴 賵賲賴賲丕 賰丕賳 毓賱賲賷丕賸 廿賱丕 兀賳 丕賱毓賱賵賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 毓賲賵賲丕賸 鬲丨賲賱 氐亘睾丞 卮禺氐賷丞.
鈥�2- 賱賷爻 丕賱亘丕丨孬 賵丕賱賲丐乇禺 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 丕爻鬲孬賳丕亍 毓賲丕 匕賰乇鬲 賮賴賵 丕賱賯賷丕丿賷 丕賱賷爻丕乇賷 兀丨丿 乇賲賵夭 賲賳馗賲丞 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱卮賷賵毓賷 賵丕賱丨乇賰丞 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳. 爻毓賶 賱賷賰賵賳 毓賱賲賷丕賸 賵賯丕卅毓賷丕賸 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 賵丕賱賲鬲氐乇賮賷丞 賵丕賱賯丕卅賲賯丕賲賷丞 廿賱丕 兀賳 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賵禺氐賵氐丕賸 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 氐乇賳丕 兀賲丕賲 賲賵賯賮 賵賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 亘賷賳 丕賱爻胤賵乇.
鈥�3- 丕毓鬲賲丿 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 毓賱賶 賰賲 賵丕爻毓 賲賳 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賵丕賱兀噩賳亘賷丞 廿賱丕 兀賳 匕賱賰 賱丕 賷禺賮賷 賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿 丕賱賱賷亘乇丕賱賷 賵賴噩賵賲賴 毓賱賶 卮禺氐賷丞 賲賷卮丕賱 卮賷丨丕 丕賱賲孬賷乇丞 賱賱噩丿賱 賵賰匕賱賰 丕賱賷賲賷賳 丕賱賲爻賷丨賷 賵毓賱丕賯丕鬲賴 丕賱賲卮亘賵賴丞 賲毓 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱. 賰賲丕 兀賳 賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱爻賱胤丕賳 毓亘丿 丕賱丨賲賷丿 丕賱孬丕賳賷 賷賳爻噩賲 賲毓 賲丕 賷賳爻亘 廿賱賷賴 丿賵賳 鬲丨賯賷賯.
鈥�4- 賳噩丨 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 鬲兀氐賷賱 丕賱亘賳賷丞 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 賲賳匕 賲賳鬲氐賮 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇 賱丕 爻賷賲丕 亘賷賳 丕賱丿乇賵夭 賵丕賱賲賵丕乇賳丞 丕賱賲爻賷丨賷賷賳. 賵賲毓 鬲乇丕噩毓 丕賱丿乇賵夭 丕丨鬲賲賵丕 亘丕賱賲馗賱丞 丕賱廿爻賱丕賲賷丞 丕賱毓乇賵亘賷丞 丕賱賰亘乇賶 賱賷兀禺丿 丕賱氐乇丕毓 卮賰賱丕賸 賲禺鬲賱賮丕賸. 賵賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳 賵丨鬲賶 丕賱賷賵賲貙 賲丕 夭丕賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賷丿賵乇 賮賷 匕丕鬲 丕賱丿丕卅乇丞 亘賲爻賲賷丕鬲 賲禺鬲賱賮丞.
鈥�5- 兀囟丕亍 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 亘卮賰賱 賲亘丕卮乇 毓賱賶 丿賵乇 丕賱鬲丿禺賱丕鬲 丕賱兀噩賳亘賷丞 賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳 亘丿丕賷丞 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇 賮賷 鬲毓夭賷夭 丕賱丕爻鬲賯胤丕亘 賵丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 丨賷孬 兀賳 賰賱 丿賵賱丞 賰亘乇賶 丿毓賲鬲 胤丕卅賮丞 賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇丕鬲 賲毓賷賳丞. 亘乇賷胤丕賳賷丕 賲孬賱丕賸 丿毓賲鬲 丕賱丿乇賵夭 賮賷 賵噩賴 丿毓賲 賮乇賳爻丕 丕賱賰丕孬賵賱賷賰賷丞 賱賱賲爻賷丨賷賷賳 丕賱賲賵丕乇賳丞 賵乇賵爻賷丕 鬲丿禺賱鬲 賱賱兀乇孬賵匕賰爻.
鈥�6- 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賳 鬲賰賵賳 爻賴賱丞 毓賲賳 賱賷爻 賱丿賷賴 禺賱賮賷丞 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲賷丞 毓賳 賱亘賳丕賳 賵丕賱胤賵丕卅賮. 賮賴賵 禺賱丕賮丕賸 賱賰鬲丕亘 鬲丕乇賷禺 爻賵乇賷丕 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇 賱賰賲丕賱 丿賷亘 丕賱匕賷 丕爻鬲賴賱 賰鬲丕亘賴 亘廿胤丕乇 鬲兀爻賷爻賷 賲賮丕賴賷賲賷 賷卮乇丨 兀氐賱 賰賱 胤丕卅賮丞 賵毓乇賯 賵賲賰賵賳 丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷. 賰賲丕 兀賳賴 賷賮鬲賯丿 賱賱氐賵乇 賵丕賱禺乇丕卅胤 賲賲丕 賷氐毓亘 丕賱兀賲乇 毓賱賶 睾賷乇 丕賱賲賱賲 亘丕賱卮兀賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷.
鈥�7- 賲賯丕亘賱 丕賱丕爻鬲乇爻丕賱 賮賷 賮氐賵賱 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 賵丕賱賲鬲氐乇賮賷丞 賵丕賱賯丕卅賲賯丕賲賷鬲賷賳 賷爻乇毓 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賮賷 賮氐賵賱 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 賵賲丕 賵氐賮賴 亘丕賱禺丕鬲賲丞 丕賱賲丐賯鬲丞 丕賱賲鬲毓賱賯丞 亘丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮. 賵賱毓賱 兀氐毓亘 賲乇丨賱丞 賮賷 鬲兀乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賴賷 賮鬲乇丞 1972 廿賱賶 1990 丕賱賲丨匕賵賮丞 賲賳 賰鬲亘 丕賱賲賳賴丕噩 丕賱鬲毓賱賷賲賷. 賵賴賰匕丕 賷賮毓賱 兀賷囟丕 賮賷 鬲睾賷賷亘 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賰丕賳 賱賴丕 丿賵乇賴丕.
鈥�8- 兀亘乇夭 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賲睾賷亘丞 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賴賵 乇賮賷賯 丕賱丨乇賷乇賷 亘氐賮鬲賴 賲亘毓賵孬丕賸 爻毓賵丿賷丕賸 兀賵賱 丕賱兀賲乇 孬賲 乇噩賱 兀毓賲丕賱 賷爻鬲毓丿 賱丿禺賵賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 賲賳匕 賲賳鬲氐賮 丕賱孬賲丕賳賷賳賷丕鬲. 兀賵噩夭 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賰孬賷乇丕賸 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丿賵乇 噩賵賳賷 毓亘丿賴 賵賲丨爻賳 廿亘乇丕賴賷賲 賵賷丕爻乇 毓乇賮丕鬲 賲賯丕亘賱 鬲賮囟賷賱 賱丨賯亘丞 賮丐丕丿 卮賴丕亘 丕賱兀賲賳賷丞 賵鬲噩賲賷賱 丕賱丿賵乇 丕賱爻賵乇賷.
鈥�9- 賱賲 賷賳賱 丕賱賲爻賱賲賵賳 丕賱爻賳丞 丨賯賴賲 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賵賰匕賱賰 夭毓丕賲丕鬲賴賲 丕賱丿賷賳賷丞 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賵賱丕 兀鬲賰賱賲 毓賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱廿賯胤丕毓賷丞 賲孬賱 丌賱 爻賱丕賲 賵丕賱氐賱丨. 廿賳賲丕 兀賯氐丿 丕賱鬲賳馗賷賲丕鬲 賲孬賱 丕賱賲乇丕亘胤賵賳 賵丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賲孬賱 丕賱賲賮鬲賷 丨爻賳 禺丕賱丿. 賵賱賲 賷卮乇 廿賱賶 丕禺鬲賮丕亍 丕賱廿賲丕賲 賲賵爻賶 丕賱氐丿乇 廿賱丕 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲丨賷丕亍 賵賱丕 廿賱賶 丿賵乇 丕賱丨乇爻 丕賱孬賵乇賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳.
鈥�10- 賱丕 兀丿乇賷 賲丕 丕賱匕賷 兀賵賯毓 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 賮禺 噩毓賱 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱爻賵乇賷 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷貙 丕賱匕賷 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱賵氐丕賷丞 廿賱賶 兀賮毓丕賱 丕丨鬲賱丕賱賷丞貙 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 爻亘亘賴 胤賱亘 丕賱夭毓賲丕亍 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 匕賱賰. 賵兀爻鬲睾乇亘 賰賷賮 賯賮夭 毓賳 鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賲丐鬲賲乇賷 噩賳賷賮 賵賱賵夭丕賳 丨賷孬 丕噩鬲賲毓 兀賲乇丕亍 丕賱丨乇亘 賯亘賱 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮. 賵睾乇賷亘 兀賷囟丕賸 鬲噩賴賷賱 賲乇鬲賰亘賷 丕賱丕睾鬲賷丕賱丕鬲.
鈥�11- 兀囟毓 乇兀賷賷 丕賱匕賷 賷丨鬲賲賱 丕賱禺胤兀 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘廿賷噩丕夭 爻乇賷毓 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賷 賲丨丕賵賱丞 鬲賯賷賷賲 賱賲賰丕賳丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱胤賵賷賱丞. 乇亘賲丕 賱賴 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 賮賷 匕賱賰貙 賮賷 兀賳 賷卮乇丨 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱噩賲賴賵乇 賲毓賷賳 賲賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵丕賱毓乇亘 丕賳胤賱丕賯丕賸 賲賳 禺賱賮賷丕鬲 賮賰乇賷丞. 賱賰賳 匕賱賰貙 賱丕 賷丨賵賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 廿賱賶 氐賷睾丞 兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 亘丨孬賷丞 毓賱賲賷丞.
賯亘賱 賯乇丕亍丞 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵兀賷 賰鬲丕亘 賷噩亘 丕賱丕胤賱丕毓 毓賱賶 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賵鬲丕乇賷禺賴 賵賲賴賲丕 賰丕賳 毓賱賲賷丕賸 廿賱丕 兀賳 丕賱毓賱賵賲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 毓賲賵賲丕賸 鬲丨賲賱 氐亘睾丞 卮禺氐賷丞.
鈥�2- 賱賷爻 丕賱亘丕丨孬 賵丕賱賲丐乇禺 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 丕爻鬲孬賳丕亍 毓賲丕 匕賰乇鬲 賮賴賵 丕賱賯賷丕丿賷 丕賱賷爻丕乇賷 兀丨丿 乇賲賵夭 賲賳馗賲丞 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱卮賷賵毓賷 賵丕賱丨乇賰丞 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳. 爻毓賶 賱賷賰賵賳 毓賱賲賷丕賸 賵賯丕卅毓賷丕賸 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 賵丕賱賲鬲氐乇賮賷丞 賵丕賱賯丕卅賲賯丕賲賷丞 廿賱丕 兀賳 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賵禺氐賵氐丕賸 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 氐乇賳丕 兀賲丕賲 賲賵賯賮 賵賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 亘賷賳 丕賱爻胤賵乇.
鈥�3- 丕毓鬲賲丿 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 毓賱賶 賰賲 賵丕爻毓 賲賳 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賵丕賱兀噩賳亘賷丞 廿賱丕 兀賳 匕賱賰 賱丕 賷禺賮賷 賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿 丕賱賱賷亘乇丕賱賷 賵賴噩賵賲賴 毓賱賶 卮禺氐賷丞 賲賷卮丕賱 卮賷丨丕 丕賱賲孬賷乇丞 賱賱噩丿賱 賵賰匕賱賰 丕賱賷賲賷賳 丕賱賲爻賷丨賷 賵毓賱丕賯丕鬲賴 丕賱賲卮亘賵賴丞 賲毓 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱. 賰賲丕 兀賳 賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱爻賱胤丕賳 毓亘丿 丕賱丨賲賷丿 丕賱孬丕賳賷 賷賳爻噩賲 賲毓 賲丕 賷賳爻亘 廿賱賷賴 丿賵賳 鬲丨賯賷賯.
鈥�4- 賳噩丨 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 鬲兀氐賷賱 丕賱亘賳賷丞 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 賲賳匕 賲賳鬲氐賮 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇 賱丕 爻賷賲丕 亘賷賳 丕賱丿乇賵夭 賵丕賱賲賵丕乇賳丞 丕賱賲爻賷丨賷賷賳. 賵賲毓 鬲乇丕噩毓 丕賱丿乇賵夭 丕丨鬲賲賵丕 亘丕賱賲馗賱丞 丕賱廿爻賱丕賲賷丞 丕賱毓乇賵亘賷丞 丕賱賰亘乇賶 賱賷兀禺丿 丕賱氐乇丕毓 卮賰賱丕賸 賲禺鬲賱賮丕賸. 賵賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳 賵丨鬲賶 丕賱賷賵賲貙 賲丕 夭丕賱 賱亘賳丕賳 賷丿賵乇 賮賷 匕丕鬲 丕賱丿丕卅乇丞 亘賲爻賲賷丕鬲 賲禺鬲賱賮丞.
鈥�5- 兀囟丕亍 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 亘卮賰賱 賲亘丕卮乇 毓賱賶 丿賵乇 丕賱鬲丿禺賱丕鬲 丕賱兀噩賳亘賷丞 賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳 亘丿丕賷丞 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇 賮賷 鬲毓夭賷夭 丕賱丕爻鬲賯胤丕亘 賵丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳 丨賷孬 兀賳 賰賱 丿賵賱丞 賰亘乇賶 丿毓賲鬲 胤丕卅賮丞 賱丕毓鬲亘丕乇丕鬲 賲毓賷賳丞. 亘乇賷胤丕賳賷丕 賲孬賱丕賸 丿毓賲鬲 丕賱丿乇賵夭 賮賷 賵噩賴 丿毓賲 賮乇賳爻丕 丕賱賰丕孬賵賱賷賰賷丞 賱賱賲爻賷丨賷賷賳 丕賱賲賵丕乇賳丞 賵乇賵爻賷丕 鬲丿禺賱鬲 賱賱兀乇孬賵匕賰爻.
鈥�6- 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賳 鬲賰賵賳 爻賴賱丞 毓賲賳 賱賷爻 賱丿賷賴 禺賱賮賷丞 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲賷丞 毓賳 賱亘賳丕賳 賵丕賱胤賵丕卅賮. 賮賴賵 禺賱丕賮丕賸 賱賰鬲丕亘 鬲丕乇賷禺 爻賵乇賷丕 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇 賱賰賲丕賱 丿賷亘 丕賱匕賷 丕爻鬲賴賱 賰鬲丕亘賴 亘廿胤丕乇 鬲兀爻賷爻賷 賲賮丕賴賷賲賷 賷卮乇丨 兀氐賱 賰賱 胤丕卅賮丞 賵毓乇賯 賵賲賰賵賳 丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷. 賰賲丕 兀賳賴 賷賮鬲賯丿 賱賱氐賵乇 賵丕賱禺乇丕卅胤 賲賲丕 賷氐毓亘 丕賱兀賲乇 毓賱賶 睾賷乇 丕賱賲賱賲 亘丕賱卮兀賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷.
鈥�7- 賲賯丕亘賱 丕賱丕爻鬲乇爻丕賱 賮賷 賮氐賵賱 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 賵丕賱賲鬲氐乇賮賷丞 賵丕賱賯丕卅賲賯丕賲賷鬲賷賳 賷爻乇毓 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賮賷 賮氐賵賱 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 賵賲丕 賵氐賮賴 亘丕賱禺丕鬲賲丞 丕賱賲丐賯鬲丞 丕賱賲鬲毓賱賯丞 亘丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮. 賵賱毓賱 兀氐毓亘 賲乇丨賱丞 賮賷 鬲兀乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賴賷 賮鬲乇丞 1972 廿賱賶 1990 丕賱賲丨匕賵賮丞 賲賳 賰鬲亘 丕賱賲賳賴丕噩 丕賱鬲毓賱賷賲賷. 賵賴賰匕丕 賷賮毓賱 兀賷囟丕 賮賷 鬲睾賷賷亘 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賰丕賳 賱賴丕 丿賵乇賴丕.
鈥�8- 兀亘乇夭 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賲睾賷亘丞 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 賮賵丕夭 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賴賵 乇賮賷賯 丕賱丨乇賷乇賷 亘氐賮鬲賴 賲亘毓賵孬丕賸 爻毓賵丿賷丕賸 兀賵賱 丕賱兀賲乇 孬賲 乇噩賱 兀毓賲丕賱 賷爻鬲毓丿 賱丿禺賵賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 賲賳匕 賲賳鬲氐賮 丕賱孬賲丕賳賷賳賷丕鬲. 兀賵噩夭 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賰孬賷乇丕賸 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丿賵乇 噩賵賳賷 毓亘丿賴 賵賲丨爻賳 廿亘乇丕賴賷賲 賵賷丕爻乇 毓乇賮丕鬲 賲賯丕亘賱 鬲賮囟賷賱 賱丨賯亘丞 賮丐丕丿 卮賴丕亘 丕賱兀賲賳賷丞 賵鬲噩賲賷賱 丕賱丿賵乇 丕賱爻賵乇賷.
鈥�9- 賱賲 賷賳賱 丕賱賲爻賱賲賵賳 丕賱爻賳丞 丨賯賴賲 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賵賰匕賱賰 夭毓丕賲丕鬲賴賲 丕賱丿賷賳賷丞 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賵賱丕 兀鬲賰賱賲 毓賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱廿賯胤丕毓賷丞 賲孬賱 丌賱 爻賱丕賲 賵丕賱氐賱丨. 廿賳賲丕 兀賯氐丿 丕賱鬲賳馗賷賲丕鬲 賲孬賱 丕賱賲乇丕亘胤賵賳 賵丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賲孬賱 丕賱賲賮鬲賷 丨爻賳 禺丕賱丿. 賵賱賲 賷卮乇 廿賱賶 丕禺鬲賮丕亍 丕賱廿賲丕賲 賲賵爻賶 丕賱氐丿乇 廿賱丕 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲丨賷丕亍 賵賱丕 廿賱賶 丿賵乇 丕賱丨乇爻 丕賱孬賵乇賷 賮賷 賱亘賳丕賳.
鈥�10- 賱丕 兀丿乇賷 賲丕 丕賱匕賷 兀賵賯毓 胤乇丕亘賱爻賷 賮賷 賮禺 噩毓賱 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱爻賵乇賷 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷貙 丕賱匕賷 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱賵氐丕賷丞 廿賱賶 兀賮毓丕賱 丕丨鬲賱丕賱賷丞貙 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 爻亘亘賴 胤賱亘 丕賱夭毓賲丕亍 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 匕賱賰. 賵兀爻鬲睾乇亘 賰賷賮 賯賮夭 毓賳 鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賲丐鬲賲乇賷 噩賳賷賮 賵賱賵夭丕賳 丨賷孬 丕噩鬲賲毓 兀賲乇丕亍 丕賱丨乇亘 賯亘賱 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮. 賵睾乇賷亘 兀賷囟丕賸 鬲噩賴賷賱 賲乇鬲賰亘賷 丕賱丕睾鬲賷丕賱丕鬲.
鈥�11- 兀囟毓 乇兀賷賷 丕賱匕賷 賷丨鬲賲賱 丕賱禺胤兀 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘廿賷噩丕夭 爻乇賷毓 賲賳 丿賵賳 兀賷 賲丨丕賵賱丞 鬲賯賷賷賲 賱賲賰丕賳丞 丕賱賲丐賱賮 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱胤賵賷賱丞. 乇亘賲丕 賱賴 賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 賮賷 匕賱賰貙 賮賷 兀賳 賷卮乇丨 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱噩賲賴賵乇 賲毓賷賳 賲賳 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵丕賱毓乇亘 丕賳胤賱丕賯丕賸 賲賳 禺賱賮賷丕鬲 賮賰乇賷丞. 賱賰賳 匕賱賰貙 賱丕 賷丨賵賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 廿賱賶 氐賷睾丞 兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 亘丨孬賷丞 毓賱賲賷丞.
October 16, 2017
If you are interested in reading a book about the modern history of Lebanon, this is a great start. The chronological order was well presented and although there was some bias towards his presentation of information (in some cases he favored some parties over others in later chapters of the book) he kept it neutral as possible and gave tons of historical examples of how Lebanon is what it is today. Highly recommended.
December 14, 2019
賲丨丕賷丿 亘毓賷丿 毓賳 丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞 睾賳賷 亘丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賱丕 賷賰鬲乇孬 賵 賷爻賲賷 丕賱丕卮賷丕亍 亘丕爻賲丕卅賴丕 賵 賷賴鬲賲 亘丕賱賲賴夭賵賲 賯丿乇 丕賴鬲賲丕賲賴 亘丕賱賲賳鬲氐乇 丕賵 賮賷 賯賵賱 丕禺乇 賷賵賱賷 丕賴鬲賲丕賲丕 亘丕賱賲賴夭賵賲賷賳 噩賲賷毓丕 賱丕賳賴 賱賲 賷賰賳 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賲賳鬲氐乇丕 賯胤!
賰賳鬲 丕賳鬲馗乇 卮乇丨 丕賰鬲乇 賱丕丨丿丕孬 賵 爻亘乇 丕卮賲賱 賱丕卮禺丕氐 賱賰賳 丕賱賲丐乇禺 丕禺鬲丕乇 毓賱賶 丕賳 賷賲乇 毓賱賶 丕賱亘毓囟-兀丨丿丕孬丕 賵 兀卮禺丕氐丕-賲乇賵乇 丕賱賰乇丕賲 乇睾賲 鬲賰乇丕乇賴 賱丕賮賰丕乇 賵 賲賮丕賴賷賲 丕禺乇賶 賮賷 賲賵丕囟毓 毓丿丞
賴賵 兀爻丕爻賷丕鬲 丕賵 賲禺鬲氐乇 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬 爻噩賱賴 賲丐乇禺 賲賵囟賵毓賷 賴丕丿卅 丕賱賮賰乇 爻賱爻 丕賱賱睾丞
賰賳鬲 丕賳鬲馗乇 卮乇丨 丕賰鬲乇 賱丕丨丿丕孬 賵 爻亘乇 丕卮賲賱 賱丕卮禺丕氐 賱賰賳 丕賱賲丐乇禺 丕禺鬲丕乇 毓賱賶 丕賳 賷賲乇 毓賱賶 丕賱亘毓囟-兀丨丿丕孬丕 賵 兀卮禺丕氐丕-賲乇賵乇 丕賱賰乇丕賲 乇睾賲 鬲賰乇丕乇賴 賱丕賮賰丕乇 賵 賲賮丕賴賷賲 丕禺乇賶 賮賷 賲賵丕囟毓 毓丿丞
賴賵 兀爻丕爻賷丕鬲 丕賵 賲禺鬲氐乇 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丨丿賷孬 爻噩賱賴 賲丐乇禺 賲賵囟賵毓賷 賴丕丿卅 丕賱賮賰乇 爻賱爻 丕賱賱睾丞
August 27, 2020
賯賱賷賱丞 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賱賷 丕賱賵丕丨丿 賲賲賰賳 賷賯乇丕賴丕 賵賷爻鬲賲鬲毓 賵賷亘賯賶 賲卮 毓丕賷夭丕賴丕 鬲禺賱氐. 賰鬲丕亘 卮賷賯 賵爻賱爻 賵賮賴賲賳賷 丨丕噩丕鬲 賰鬲賷乇 賮賷 丕賱賵囟毓 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷 賰丕賳鬲 賲毓賯丿丞 噩丿丕 賵氐毓亘丞 丕賱賮賴賲 亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 賱賷丕.
賲賱禺氐 丕賱賰鬲丕亘: 胤亘賯丞 爻賷丕爻賷丞 鬲鬲賵丕乇孬 丕賱爻賱胤丞 賲賳 夭賲丕賳 毓丕賷夭賴 丕賱丨乇賯. 賲賮賷卮 丨賱 睾賷乇 丕賱丨乇賯 賮毓賱丕! 丕賱賮爻丕丿 賲乇毓亘 賵丕賱爻乇賯丞 毓賷賳賷 毓賷賳賰貙 賵賰乇賴 賵丕丨鬲賯丕乇 賲賳 丕賱爻賱胤丞 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱卮毓亘 賱丿乇噩丞 賲賮噩毓丞 毓賱賶 賰丕賮丞 丕賱胤賵丕卅賮 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞..
亘賯賷鬲 賲賯丿乇丞 丿賱賵賯鬲賷 賵賮丕賴賲丞 賰賲 丕賱睾囟亘 賵丕賱丨賯丿 丕賱賱賷 亘卮賵賮賴 毓賳丿 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵賲賰賳鬲卮 毓丕乇賮賴 賴賲丕 睾囟丕賳賷賳 賰丿賴 賱賷賴!! 鬲爻賯胤 賰賱 兀賳馗賲丞 丕賱馗賱賲 賵丕賱賮爻丕丿!
賲賱禺氐 丕賱賰鬲丕亘: 胤亘賯丞 爻賷丕爻賷丞 鬲鬲賵丕乇孬 丕賱爻賱胤丞 賲賳 夭賲丕賳 毓丕賷夭賴 丕賱丨乇賯. 賲賮賷卮 丨賱 睾賷乇 丕賱丨乇賯 賮毓賱丕! 丕賱賮爻丕丿 賲乇毓亘 賵丕賱爻乇賯丞 毓賷賳賷 毓賷賳賰貙 賵賰乇賴 賵丕丨鬲賯丕乇 賲賳 丕賱爻賱胤丞 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱卮毓亘 賱丿乇噩丞 賲賮噩毓丞 毓賱賶 賰丕賮丞 丕賱胤賵丕卅賮 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞..
亘賯賷鬲 賲賯丿乇丞 丿賱賵賯鬲賷 賵賮丕賴賲丞 賰賲 丕賱睾囟亘 賵丕賱丨賯丿 丕賱賱賷 亘卮賵賮賴 毓賳丿 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵賲賰賳鬲卮 毓丕乇賮賴 賴賲丕 睾囟丕賳賷賳 賰丿賴 賱賷賴!! 鬲爻賯胤 賰賱 兀賳馗賲丞 丕賱馗賱賲 賵丕賱賮爻丕丿!
January 30, 2021
賵孬賷賯丞 賲賴賲丞 賱賱睾丕賷丞貙 鬲賯丿賲 廿噩丕亘丕鬲 兀賵賱賷丞 賱賰賱 賲賴鬲賲 亘賮賴賲 賱亘賳丕賳 賰丨丕賱丞 禺丕氐丞 賳卮兀鬲 賲賳匕 賲賳鬲氐賮 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱爻丕丿爻 毓卮乇 (毓賱賶 兀賯賱 鬲賯丿賷乇) 賵賲爻鬲賲乇丞 廿賱賶 丕賱賷賵賲.
賱賯丕乇卅 睾賷乇 賱亘賳丕賳賷 毓乇賮 賱亘賳丕賳 毓亘乇 卮丕卮丕鬲 丕賱鬲賱賮夭賷賵賳 賵卮賴丕丿丕鬲 兀氐丿賯丕亍 賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵夭賷丕乇丕鬲 賯賱賷賱丞貙 賮廿賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 卮丕賲賱 賵賵丕賮賺貙 賲毓 廿丿乇丕賰賷 亘賵噩賵丿 亘毓囟 丕賱賲乇丕丨賱 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳 賷賲賰賳 廿賱賯丕亍 丕賱囟賵亍 毓賱賷賴丕 亘卮賰賱 兀賰亘乇貙 賵賲賳賴丕 賲乇丨賱丞 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮 丕賱鬲賷 卮毓乇鬲 兀賳賴丕 丕禺鬲氐乇鬲.
廿匕丕 賲丕 賵噩丿 亘丕丨孬賵賳 噩丕丿賵賳貙 賮廿賳 兀噩夭丕亍 賰孬賷乇丞 賲賳 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱毓乇亘賷貙 賵賲賳賴丕 亘賱丿賷 丕賱兀乇丿賳貙 鬲賳鬲馗乇 廿噩丕亘丕鬲 賵賷賲賰賳 兀賳 鬲賮賷丿 賲賳 噩賴丿 亘丨孬賷 賲賲丕孬賱 賵鬲丨賱賷賱 賲賵夭賵賳.
賱賯丕乇卅 睾賷乇 賱亘賳丕賳賷 毓乇賮 賱亘賳丕賳 毓亘乇 卮丕卮丕鬲 丕賱鬲賱賮夭賷賵賳 賵卮賴丕丿丕鬲 兀氐丿賯丕亍 賱亘賳丕賳賷賷賳 賵夭賷丕乇丕鬲 賯賱賷賱丞貙 賮廿賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 卮丕賲賱 賵賵丕賮賺貙 賲毓 廿丿乇丕賰賷 亘賵噩賵丿 亘毓囟 丕賱賲乇丕丨賱 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳 賷賲賰賳 廿賱賯丕亍 丕賱囟賵亍 毓賱賷賴丕 亘卮賰賱 兀賰亘乇貙 賵賲賳賴丕 賲乇丨賱丞 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮 丕賱鬲賷 卮毓乇鬲 兀賳賴丕 丕禺鬲氐乇鬲.
廿匕丕 賲丕 賵噩丿 亘丕丨孬賵賳 噩丕丿賵賳貙 賮廿賳 兀噩夭丕亍 賰孬賷乇丞 賲賳 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱毓乇亘賷貙 賵賲賳賴丕 亘賱丿賷 丕賱兀乇丿賳貙 鬲賳鬲馗乇 廿噩丕亘丕鬲 賵賷賲賰賳 兀賳 鬲賮賷丿 賲賳 噩賴丿 亘丨孬賷 賲賲丕孬賱 賵鬲丨賱賷賱 賲賵夭賵賳.
December 10, 2019
兀賮囟賱 賰鬲丕亘 賷賱禺氐 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳 賲賳匕 丕毓賱丕賳 丕賱廿賲丕乇丞 廿賱賶 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮. 賱賰賳 亘丕賱丨賯賷賯丞貙 賮廿賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賱賲 賷丿禺賱 賮賷 鬲賮丕氐賷賱 丕賱爻賳賵丕鬲 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賴賱賷丞 賯亘賱 丕鬲賮丕賯 丕賱胤丕卅賮貙 禺丕氐丞 丨乇亘賷 丕賱廿賱睾丕亍 賵丕賱鬲丨乇賷乇貙 賵丕睾鬲賷丕賱 賰賱 賲賳 丕賱賲賮鬲賷 禺丕賱丿 賵丕賱乇卅賷爻 賲毓賵囟.
丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賱賴 賳賻賮賻爻 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲乇鬲賰夭 毓賱賶 丕賱毓丿丕賵丞 丕賱胤亘賯賷丞貙 賵賲丕 賷賳鬲噩 賲賳賴丕 賲賳 "丨乇丕賰 廿噩鬲賲丕毓賷" 賷睾賷乇 賲賳 賲賱丕賲丨 丕賱丿賵賱 賵丿賷賲睾乇丕賮賷鬲賴丕.
丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賱賴 賳賻賮賻爻 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲乇鬲賰夭 毓賱賶 丕賱毓丿丕賵丞 丕賱胤亘賯賷丞貙 賵賲丕 賷賳鬲噩 賲賳賴丕 賲賳 "丨乇丕賰 廿噩鬲賲丕毓賷" 賷睾賷乇 賲賳 賲賱丕賲丨 丕賱丿賵賱 賵丿賷賲睾乇丕賮賷鬲賴丕.
December 15, 2019
賰鬲丕亘 賯賷賾賲 丿賵賳 兀丿賳賶 卮賰. 賷睾賱亘 毓賱賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 鬲丨賱賷賱 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賲賳 丕賱賲賳馗賵乇 丕賱廿賯鬲氐丕丿賷貙 匕賱賰 兀賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賲丕乇賰爻賷 丕賱賴賵賶 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷亘丿賵 賵賲賳 丕賱胤亘賷毓賷 兀賳 賷鬲禺匕 丕賱氐乇丕毓 丕賱胤亘賯賷 丕賱廿賯鬲氐丕丿賷 丨賷賾夭丕 賴丕賲賾丕 賲賳 乇丐賷鬲賴.
賷丨爻亘 賱賱賰丕鬲亘 兀賳賵 丨丕賵賱 噩丕賴丿丕賸 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賲賵囟賵毓賷丕 賮賷 爻乇丿 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵鬲丨賱賷賱賴丕貙 廿賱丕 兀賳賴 賵賯毓 賮賷 賮禺 丕賱廿賳丨賷丕夭 亘卮賰賱 睾賷乇 賲亘丕卮乇 毓亘乇 丕賱廿囟丕亍丞 毓賱賶 兀丨丿丕孬 賵丕禺鬲夭丕賱 兀禺乇賶.
賲賳 丕賱賲丐賰丿 兀賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 乇睾賲 兀賴賲賷鬲賴 丕賱卮丿賷丿丞賭 賱丕 賷賰賮賷 賱鬲賰賵賷賳 氐賵乇丞 賵丕賮賷丞 毓賳 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱鬲賷 毓氐賮鬲 亘丕賱賲賳胤賯丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲爻賲賾賶 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丌賳 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳賷賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇賷賳. 賴賵 賷氐賱丨 賰亘丿丕賷丞 噩賷賾丿丞 賯亘賱 丕賱睾賵氐 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲 賲鬲禺氐氐丞 兀禺乇賶 毓賳 賰賱 賲乇丨賱丞 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕.
賷丨爻亘 賱賱賰丕鬲亘 兀賳賵 丨丕賵賱 噩丕賴丿丕賸 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賲賵囟賵毓賷丕 賮賷 爻乇丿 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賵鬲丨賱賷賱賴丕貙 廿賱丕 兀賳賴 賵賯毓 賮賷 賮禺 丕賱廿賳丨賷丕夭 亘卮賰賱 睾賷乇 賲亘丕卮乇 毓亘乇 丕賱廿囟丕亍丞 毓賱賶 兀丨丿丕孬 賵丕禺鬲夭丕賱 兀禺乇賶.
賲賳 丕賱賲丐賰丿 兀賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 乇睾賲 兀賴賲賷鬲賴 丕賱卮丿賷丿丞賭 賱丕 賷賰賮賷 賱鬲賰賵賷賳 氐賵乇丞 賵丕賮賷丞 毓賳 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱鬲賷 毓氐賮鬲 亘丕賱賲賳胤賯丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲爻賲賾賶 賱亘賳丕賳 丕賱丌賳 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳賷賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇賷賳. 賴賵 賷氐賱丨 賰亘丿丕賷丞 噩賷賾丿丞 賯亘賱 丕賱睾賵氐 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲 賲鬲禺氐氐丞 兀禺乇賶 毓賳 賰賱 賲乇丨賱丞 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕.
November 1, 2020
The book is a comprehensive summary of the Lebanese history for the last 200 years. What鈥檚 impressive is its focus on both the economical and social history 鈥� not just the political side of it.
Personally, I enjoyed the pre-civil war chapters more. The writer seemed to skip through the civil war, relying on the readers鈥� knowledge about the period.
Personally, I enjoyed the pre-civil war chapters more. The writer seemed to skip through the civil war, relying on the readers鈥� knowledge about the period.
March 11, 2020
噩賲賷賱 賰賷賮 賷丨賱賱 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賱亘賳丕賳賷 亘丿賵賳 兀賳 賷乇賰夭 賮賯胤 毓賱賶 丕賱亘毓丿 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 亘賱 亘鬲毓丿丕賴 賱賱亘毓丿 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賵丕賱胤亘賯賷..
賰鬲丕亘 賲賲鬲毓貙 賵賮賷 亘毓囟 丕賱兀丨賷丕賳 賲丨夭賳 賱兀賳 丕賱胤亘賯丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱睾丕卮賲丞 賱賲 鬲鬲睾賷乇 賰孬賷乇丕賸 賲賳匕 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞..
賰鬲丕亘 賲賲鬲毓貙 賵賮賷 亘毓囟 丕賱兀丨賷丕賳 賲丨夭賳 賱兀賳 丕賱胤亘賯丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱睾丕卮賲丞 賱賲 鬲鬲睾賷乇 賰孬賷乇丕賸 賲賳匕 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞..
December 22, 2022
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲賲鬲丕夭 賱賮賴賲 鬲丕乇賷禺 賱亘賳丕賳貙 賵鬲爻賱爻賱 丕賱賲賵丕囟賷毓.
賵賱賰賳 賰賳鬲 丕鬲賲賳賶 丕賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賰孬乇 丕乇鬲賰丕夭丕 毓賱賶 丨賵丕丿孬 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱丕賴賱賷丞貙 賵乇丿丕鬲 丕賱賮毓賱貙 賵賮賴賲 丕賱丕爻亘丕亘 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 賰鬲丕亘丞 毓丿丞 賳馗乇賷丕鬲. 賲孬賱丕 賲噩夭乇丞 丕賴丿賳 賲賰鬲賵亘丞 賲乇賵乇 丕賱賰乇丕賲 賵賱丕 賷賵噩丿 鬲乇賰賷夭 毓賳 丕爻亘丕亘 丕賱丨丕丿孬丞. 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 賲賷卮丕賱 毓賵賳 賰匕賱賰 丕賱丕賲乇.
賵賱賰賳 賰賳鬲 丕鬲賲賳賶 丕賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賰孬乇 丕乇鬲賰丕夭丕 毓賱賶 丨賵丕丿孬 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱丕賴賱賷丞貙 賵乇丿丕鬲 丕賱賮毓賱貙 賵賮賴賲 丕賱丕爻亘丕亘 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 賰鬲丕亘丞 毓丿丞 賳馗乇賷丕鬲. 賲孬賱丕 賲噩夭乇丞 丕賴丿賳 賲賰鬲賵亘丞 賲乇賵乇 丕賱賰乇丕賲 賵賱丕 賷賵噩丿 鬲乇賰賷夭 毓賳 丕爻亘丕亘 丕賱丨丕丿孬丞. 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 賲賷卮丕賱 毓賵賳 賰匕賱賰 丕賱丕賲乇.
April 18, 2021
噩賷丿 賵 賱賰賳賴 噩丕賮 賳賵毓丕 賲丕
October 10, 2022
賲乇噩毓 兀賰丕丿賷賲賷 賲賴賲賾 賵賲賵囟賵毓賷 賵賵丕囟丨 丕賱賱睾丞
.賷爻鬲丨賯 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賮賷 賰賱 賲賰鬲亘丞
.賷爻鬲丨賯 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賮賷 賰賱 賲賰鬲亘丞
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November 22, 2023丕賱胤賵丕卅賮 賲爻禺 賱賱賳馗丕賲
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
April 25, 2025
A great book and very clear about the history of Lebanon
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