Zaki Chehab (born 1956) is an Arab journalist. The Political Editor for the London-based broadsheet Al Hayat and a Senior Editor for the Arabic TV channel LBC, he has covered the Middle East for a variety of newsmedia including The Guardian, CNN, and the BBC. Chehab has covered numerous Middle Eastern conflicts, including the Lebanese Civil War, the 1982 Lebanon War, the First Intifada, and the wars in Yemen, the Gulf and Afghanistan.
I appreciate the effort the author made but I got some comments in which the author wasn鈥檛 right and was bias : 1- He talks in a very gentle way about Mohammad Dahlan while he is the head of the snake. He was responsible for the civil war in 2006-2007 with his assassinations against Hamas members. 2- He describes the resistance as violence and the bombing as suicidal while they are in defense for our lands and as a reaction for the Isreali injustice. Bombers are martyrs. 3- He believes in what so called ( the security of 鈥淚sreal鈥�). No peace and no security as long as they still occupy us. Our lives are not safe so their鈥檚 shouldn鈥檛 be. They killed a handicapped young guy in Jerusalem today for no reason but suspecting that he was holding a gun while he was holding a doll. They also killed a father for 5 children yesterday in Nabi-Saleh village by shooting on his car. 4- He keeps on saying about Hamas killing Fateh members denying the fact that all of it was as a reaction to stop the blood stream from running in Gaza. Also, Fateh started it when she refused to admit the defeat in the election. Fateh used to kill any person who has a beard because it鈥檚 religious people mark. Many many Hamas members died due to Fateh actions. Go and search for that. 5- basically, Hamas Ideology says 鈥渄on鈥檛 kill unless you kill a person who murdered and you鈥檙e sure that he is the one who did it鈥�. 6-You say that Abbas described Hamas government as a retired government because they attacked Fateh in Gaza. This s a lie; he tried to put the obstacles in Hamas face to interrupt the government and make it fail. He deprived the government from many ministers. He deprived it from the army control showing his intentions. He worked as hard as he can to fail the government and apply more pressure on it. Hamas had no choice but controlling Gaza after seeing the plans against her. So don鈥檛 you ever say that Abbas made it a retired government after she controlled Gaza. This was a pretension. He already planned for that. 6-You say that the leadership of Hamas is penetrated while you only mentioned one example who has been caught eventually.
I have had this book for more than a decade and never hit around to reading it, until the events of Oct 7 2023 changed things. Hoping to get an understanding of this organisation that launched the attack against Israel on that day, I decided it was time to finally read it.
The author is a Palestinian though he has a British passport. His parents then when the book was written (2006) was still living as displaced people in one of the camps in Lebanon.
I must admit that I only know broadly about the conflict in the Middle East, and trying to know precisely what is happening then and now is probably next to impossible for any lay person. Particularly at this time (2023), with social media ol from both sides adding to the misinformation and disinformation.
Chehab鈥檚 book is thus a bit of a breath of fresh air in this climate. Published shortly after the Israel-Hezbollah war of 2006 but just before the Hama-Fatah civil war later that year, I found it insightful, and provided a good overview of what Hamas is, it鈥檚 origins (Israel essentially funded it as an alternative to Fatah in the beginning, and to discredit Arafat, which they found to be more of a threat than Hamas then - talk about bad decisions - some parallels with the Americans funding Al Qaeda there), it鈥檚 operations, the worldview of its key players and objectives, and the influence and connections with external entities like the US, Egypt, Iran, Syria, and of course Israel.
One facet of the book which I like very much was that he got to talk with many key players in the movement, and also to hear from them about their views and intent. It鈥檚 evident that Chehab had been in this for a long time, given his connections and the people that he met. These were insightful, and skilfully woven into the book鈥檚 narrative.
The thing about reading this 2006 book in 2023 though is that a lot has passed in 17 years, and this render its last two chapters severely out of date, as Chehab discusses Hamas鈥檚 Future as well as the possible ways it could change (more moderate, less radical essentially). We all know how that has turned out - the right-wing government of Netanyahu is basically a god-sent for Hamas as these two genocidal regimes need each other to exist.
In that way, the observations that Chehab quoted of a former Israeli official (Ephraim Sneh) under the late Yitzhak Rabin鈥檚 administration remains relevant to this day, and is even more so now with Hamas鈥檚 terrorist attacks in 2023, and Israel鈥檚 retaliation by carpet bombing Gaza and likely invasion:
鈥淭he problem in the Middle East 鈥榠s not between Israel and the Palestinians but between the moderates and the fanatics鈥e must contain the hardliners who want to turn all of the Middle East into a Mogadishu鈥� Compromise and moderation are the only answer.鈥� (pg 222)
I read this book for my History EE research. It was very useful to my specific topic but other than that, it was interesting to see the view of the author on such events. The author met with many important figures and had met them multiple times and he gave an account of what their conversations about and the history of the organization. I enjoyed reading this for research as well.
This is an important book that helps the reader understand Hamas beyond the "terrorist organization" label given to it by the US and its allies - it is a political organization comparable to any political party that engages in a variety of actions, one of them being military. It also helps to explain the context of how the group started. Things that stood out to me:
- The founder of Hamas, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, was a paraplegic refugee (almost all the Hamas leaders have been refugees) who gave religious sermons talking about the importance of jihad. He also set up a bunch of community aid and sports activities. When Yassin wanted a license from Israel to open a building esp for the organization, it was given to them despite Israel knowing basically everything about the ideology of the organization. Israel turned a blind eye to Hamas as it was growing, and even aided it in its growth, so it could oppose leftist resistance movements like the PLO. They actively helped promote the growth of religion extremism within Gaza.
- Some of the biggest obstacles to the growth of resistance movements in Palestine are Palestinian spies for Israel. These people were recruited by Israel either through blackmail, threats to their family, or bribery with large sums of money. There is a very interesting chapter in the book that gives profiles on a number of spies. Many of them initially started by replying to a job ad for an international journalist or academic position, where they were asked to write pieces or studies about their community. Only after they had spent a while doing this (and getting paid) would their handlers reveal that they were Israeli, and that it was too late to back out now (they'd most likely be murdered for their betrayal).
- When Hamas's military wing was first formed they had only one machine gun, an old Russian gun from the 60s, that they had taken after killing a spy. For a while, they were just passing that one gun back and forth between one another.
- Israel limits the number of security/law enforcement/military related jobs Palestinians can have to 76,000 people (in the entirety of Palestine).
- Israel intentionally tried to build a connection between Hamas and al Qaeda, an Islamist fundamentalist group with a very negative reputation internationally. Despite the differences in ideology between the two groups (Hamas is a group looking for national liberation through religious doctrine while al Qaeda is a religious fundamentalist group with unclear goals about restarting a caliphate through terroristic actions) Israel would create false al Qaeda cells within Gaza to lure Palestinians into joining. The book gives multiple examples of Israeli agents contacting Palestinians under false identities claiming to be from al Qaeda and sending them money to join the group.
- Benjamin Netanyahu has been in government for decades, and has been Prime Minister for over 20 years.
- A disturbing fact about how Israel sent false intelligence to the USA that Libya had bombed a nightclub in Berlin in the 80s. This fake intelligence led Reagan to bomb multiple Libyan cities.
Final thoughts: This book was written in 2007, and the last 2 chapters are devoted to the future of Hamas and Palestine/Israel relations. Chehab focuses on what Hamas should do both to garner international allies and to govern within Gaza. Obviously, he does not predict what has happened. Despite the history of Israel's ethnic cleansing in Palestine, I do think Israel in 2007 was a very different country to the one that it is today. Back then I actually think there was some hope or belief in the inevitability of a peace process. There were multiple dovish Israeli Prime Ministers and members of government who were open to some kind of agreement - or at least the idea of carpet bombing Gaza was out of the question for them. But looking at this book in 2025, though, it seems laughable to think there was hope for negotiation, or a happy ending. The "peace process" is definitely over, and we should get rid of the fantasy that many liberals are still carrying around about a 2 state solution.
2 quotes that sum it up for me: 1. From Ephraim Sneh, head of Civil Administration in Yitzhak Rabin's government: "Hamas will not change... I think the only way to defeat Hamas which is as dangerous, or almost as dangerous as Hezbollah, is to give hope of a political future to the Palestinian people through the implementation and fulfilment of their vision of an independent Palestinian state. Without this prospect, Hamas cannot be defeated because Hamas is building on despair and poverty."
2. Concluding paragraph of the book: "The facts on the ground are that, whatever Hamas' political fortunes, they are not just going to melt into the background, nor will any military action succeed in eradicating them. The idea that the Israeli army could destroy Hamas by rolling in the tanks and raining down the missiles brings to mind a chilling American comment during the Vietnam War: 'We destroyed that village in order to save it.' This strategy did not work in Vietnam and it will not work with Hamas."
At the end, no amount of force can eradicate the human drive towards liberation.
This added some clarity to my understanding of this never ending bullshit that is the conflict/occupation. his access to hamas members was pretty remarkable.
this is an ok book. i expected more investigation from a book written by a journalist. the book delved into their funding, the arming, their relationship to Syria and Iran, as well as with the PLO and arafat. but he was just reporting. also expected from a journalist. so i found no insights. just history and quotations from his interview with palestinian leaders, which is absolutely interesting and useful. i just wanted more.
and as an Egyptian, i was keen to know their role in the suicide bombings between 2004-2006 in Egypt, but as it is recurring in some parts the book the author doesn't explain much beyond retelling known facts in reports. i wanted to know why would hamas even help al-qaeda? what benefit would they reap from going against cairo, considering that egypt has always mediated negotiations between hamas and israel. the author here doesn't even bother to point out how ideologically and theologically different hamas and al-qaeda. i found this fatal to any non-muslim readers.
the book misses the point on the many topics it discusses. it doesn't go deep enough.
i am amazed at how many leaders were assassinated by israel with so little consequence. i am also amazed that both arafat and mossad just left hamas from the sixties to the nineties to their own devices. i was surprised that arafat (who is always been portrayed as enemy of hamas) allowed millions of dollars to be transferred to them willy-nilly, what's stranger, is the amount of money they indeed had (also the author here points out the fact that 50% of palestinians live under the poverty line of two dollars a day)
the relationship between hamas and the marxist-leftist (popular front and democratic front, both in the PLO) is beyond my understanding. and still the author never attempted to explain this either when he talk about goerge habash or jihad gibril, who assisted in training hamas in the eighties in lebanon (hamas was new at the time without any military experiences, unlike these leftists groups)
the author concludes beautifully that hamas was result of PLO failure, and the PLO failure was due to israel and their desire to occupy and brutalize innocents
Highly recommend for anyone wanting to learn about the history of Hamas and the last 4 decades of the crisis of Palestine and Israel. It stops in 2007 so it wont catch you up, but it gives deeper access to key leaders of various Palestinian groups from a journalistic lens.
I'm glad I read it, but it was a slog - it gets way too far into the weeds in some sections and skims over others that I was interested in knowing more about. But still, a worthwhile read that provided me with valuable context.
This book is very journalistic and is more a less a compilation of articles dealing with the history of Hamas's politics and militarization from the 1980s through to 2007. There are innumerable names of assassinated militants, nefarious Israeli operations, and internecine Palestinian turf wars. This is not a work that will stand the test of time (it is poorly edited and more descriptive than it is analytical), but the conclusion that Hamas can not simply be liquidated through violence and that the West will have to engage with this political force is true enough. Still, I am quite sure there are better books on Palestine, Hamas, and the Israeli/Palestinian conflict.
Informative if some what depressing. I didn't know about Israel's role in its formation or really understand the difference between it and the PLO before reading this. In the light of recent events I'm not surprised Palestinians feel that Hamas offers hope but it is a depressing indictment of the situation currently. Reading this and corresponding information on the Jewish perspective makes me think that there is no solution available that will satisfy both sides
A great, objective history and analysis of Hamas. Extremely impressive for a subject matter which, to this point at least, has not been the focal point of many authors.