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丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賲丕乇賯丞: 丿賱賷賱 廿賱賶 丕賱賯賵賾丞 丕賱毓馗賲賶 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲
賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 賷鬲囟賲賳 賲賯丿賲鬲賷賳 賵孬賱丕孬丞 兀噩夭丕亍 賵27 賮氐賱丕賸貙 賷爻鬲毓乇囟 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賲噩賲賱 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丕賱毓爻賰乇賷 賵丕賱丕爻鬲禺亘丕乇丕鬲賷 賱鬲丿禺賱丕鬲 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲 賲賳匕 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞. 賮亘毓丿 丕爻鬲賯丕賱鬲賴 賲賳 賵馗賷賮鬲賴 賮賷 賵夭丕乇丞 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞 毓丕賲 1967 丕丨鬲噩丕噩丕賸 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷 賮賷 賮賷鬲賳丕賲 丕賳氐乇賮 亘賱賵賲 廿賱賶 丕賱毓賲賱 賰氐丨丕賮賷 丨乇貙 鬲賳賯賱 亘賷賳 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 賵兀賵乇賵亘丕 賵兀賲賷乇賰丕 丕賱噩賳賵亘賷丞貙 丨賷孬 卮丕亍鬲 丕賱馗乇賵賮 兀賳 賷卮賴丿 丕賱廿胤丕丨丞 "亘丕賱鬲噩乇亘丞 丕賱丕卮鬲乇丕賰賷丞" 賱賱乇卅賷爻 丕賱鬲卮賷賱賷 爻賱賮丕丿賵乇 丕賱賱賷賳丿賷貙 亘廿賷毓丕夭 賲賳 丕賱丕爻鬲禺亘丕乇丕鬲 丕賱賲乇賰夭賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞貙 賮賷 毓丕賲 1973.
賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳貙 乇丕丨 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賷噩賲毓 賵賷賵孬賯 賵賷丨賱賱 賰賱 賲丕 賵賯毓 亘賷賳 賷丿賷賴 兀賵 鬲丨鬲 賳丕馗乇賷賴 賲賳 兀丨丿丕孬 賰丕賳 賱賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 丿賵乇 賮賷賴丕貙 爻賵丕亍 毓賱賳丕賸 兀賲 賲賳
賵乇丕亍 丕賱爻鬲丕乇. 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 "丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賲丕乇賯丞"貙 賷賮賳丿 亘賱賵賲 "賲丌孬乇" 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞 賵賷爻毓賶 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 亘丨孬 賲毓賲賯貙 賲賳胤賯賷 賵賲賳賴噩賷貙 廿賱賶 廿亘乇丕夭 丕賱鬲賳丕賯囟 亘賷賳 賲丕 鬲丿毓賵 賱賴 賵丕卮賳胤賳 乇爻賲賷丕賸貙 賵亘賷賳 賲丕 鬲賯賵賲 亘賴 毓賱賶 兀乇囟 丕賱賵丕賯毓貙 賵廿賱賶 賰卮賮 丕賱賮乇賯 亘賷賳 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 丕賱匕賷 賴賵 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱兀孬乇賷丕亍 賰賲丕 賷爻賲賷賴 亘賱賵賲貙 賵亘賷賳 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱賲鬲胤乇賮賷賳貙 丕賱匕賷 賴賵 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱囟丨丕賷丕.
賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賷乇爻賲 丕賱賲丐賱賮 氐賵乇丞 卮丕賲賱丞 毓賳 丌乇丕卅賴 賮賷 丕賱廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱匕賷 鬲賲丕乇爻賴 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞貙 賵賷丨丕賵賱 兀賳 賷噩賷亘 毓賳 丕賱爻丐丕賱 丕賱丕賮鬲乇丕囟賷: 賲丕匕丕 賱賵 丨丕賵賱鬲 丕賱丿賵賱-丕賱囟丨丕賷丕 賲毓丕賲賱丞 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 亘丕賱賲孬賱責
賲賳匕 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳貙 乇丕丨 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賷噩賲毓 賵賷賵孬賯 賵賷丨賱賱 賰賱 賲丕 賵賯毓 亘賷賳 賷丿賷賴 兀賵 鬲丨鬲 賳丕馗乇賷賴 賲賳 兀丨丿丕孬 賰丕賳 賱賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 丿賵乇 賮賷賴丕貙 爻賵丕亍 毓賱賳丕賸 兀賲 賲賳
賵乇丕亍 丕賱爻鬲丕乇. 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 "丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賲丕乇賯丞"貙 賷賮賳丿 亘賱賵賲 "賲丌孬乇" 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞 賵賷爻毓賶 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 亘丨孬 賲毓賲賯貙 賲賳胤賯賷 賵賲賳賴噩賷貙 廿賱賶 廿亘乇丕夭 丕賱鬲賳丕賯囟 亘賷賳 賲丕 鬲丿毓賵 賱賴 賵丕卮賳胤賳 乇爻賲賷丕賸貙 賵亘賷賳 賲丕 鬲賯賵賲 亘賴 毓賱賶 兀乇囟 丕賱賵丕賯毓貙 賵廿賱賶 賰卮賮 丕賱賮乇賯 亘賷賳 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱丿賵賱丞貙 丕賱匕賷 賴賵 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱兀孬乇賷丕亍 賰賲丕 賷爻賲賷賴 亘賱賵賲貙 賵亘賷賳 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱賲鬲胤乇賮賷賳貙 丕賱匕賷 賴賵 廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱囟丨丕賷丕.
賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘貙 賷乇爻賲 丕賱賲丐賱賮 氐賵乇丞 卮丕賲賱丞 毓賳 丌乇丕卅賴 賮賷 丕賱廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱匕賷 鬲賲丕乇爻賴 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞貙 賵賷丨丕賵賱 兀賳 賷噩賷亘 毓賳 丕賱爻丐丕賱 丕賱丕賮鬲乇丕囟賷: 賲丕匕丕 賱賵 丨丕賵賱鬲 丕賱丿賵賱-丕賱囟丨丕賷丕 賲毓丕賲賱丞 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 亘丕賱賲孬賱責
552 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 2000
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2,433 people want to read
About the author
William Blum
35听books209听followersJewish-American writer and critic of US foreign policy.
William Blum got wide media coverage, when his book "Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower" was recommended by Osama Bin Laden in a speech.
William Blum got wide media coverage, when his book "Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower" was recommended by Osama Bin Laden in a speech.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 73 reviews
December 27, 2007
This book changed my life. I have always been interested in the different cultures that make up the U.S. but did not know much about the culture that single-handedly dominates our landscape and has been doing so for the past 50 years-WAR. This book sheds light on our government. Rogue State sheds light on "our" nation's outlook towards every other country and gives a brief description of the entanglements/interests we have been in since the 1940s. This is a must read for anyone or everyone, especially since the 2008 presidential elections are nearing.
January 22, 2017
Ho Chi Minh wrote at least eight letters to Truman and the State department saying how he loved the Declaration of Independence, and could we help him be free of the French? Historically hating the 鈥渢hreat of a good example鈥�, the U.S. watched Minh鈥檚 success and then bombed parts of Vietnam and Laos back into the stone ages. To the world, it promised Vietnam 3.25 billion in reconstruction aid but in the end paid nothing. In fact, Vietnam was forced to pay back America $145 million in debts for America鈥檚 costs of waging war against it. This, Blum says, is the legal definition of extortion. An article in the U.S. News and World Report once said 鈥淐ivilian casualties are not鈥� news. The fact is they accompany wars.鈥� This hypocrisy becomes stunning when we contrast this with the news value of 9/11, where most casualties were civilian. Only American deaths apparently matter. Of course, if that were true then our media decades ago would have reported on the hundreds of cases of government鈥檚 radiation experiments involving unsuspecting American citizens, military personnel, as well as the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. The United States has internationally 鈥渓iterally millions of experimental subjects鈥� worldwide deliberately infected with Agent Orange in Korea and Vietnam, none of which receives any media attention. Those civilian victims don鈥檛 matter like 9/11鈥檚 for two reasons. 1. They aren鈥檛 American. 2. Yes they are victims, but they are victims of our nation鈥檚 actions. American newspaper editors know they will get hundreds of emails in complaint when they show pictures of civilian casualties 鈥� and so they don鈥檛. Blum then shows a lot of examples of how the military has repeatedly endangered its own soldiers with deliberate infections, biological and chemical toxins, D.U. exposure and a long list of nasties. He says if the government can鈥檛 care for the health of its soldiers historically, how can we expect it to care for civilians in other countries? Blum (who himself worked in the US state department) shows that no one can rise to any position in the U.S. foreign policy establishment without being 鈥渋nordinately cruel and remorseless鈥� 鈥� the more you read about our foreign policy past with Blum and Chomsky, the more you will agree. A Defense Department planning paper from 1992 says we must deter all 鈥減otential competitors from even aspiring to a larger regional or global role.鈥� Thanks largely to media silence, the greatest threat to the world鈥檚 environment and future prosperity has been the U.S. Military. According to the LA Times, it destroyed the drinking water of Guam. Everywhere our military goes, pollution and destruction follows with the joy of millions of more gallons of untreated raw sewage in the oceans. Today鈥檚 military has but three goals: 1. Serve U.S. corporations 2. Stop all societies developing alternatives to capitalism (no threats of a good example are tolerated) 3. Expand the empire. The Blum explains how we always knew we were ahead of the Russians and that the Cold War was thus a fake front, by quoting from actual internal documents. Thanks to the PATRIOT Act, if anyone tries to influence any policy change in America and the government can say it somehow felt 鈥渋ntimidated鈥�, that civilian will get arrested and be open to forfeiture and beyond. Any guesses on how chilling to dissent that could become in Donald Trump鈥檚 tiny hands? M. L. Mencken told us back in 1920 that the aim of politics is to keep the populace alarmed. General Douglas MacArthur told us in 1957 that he had never seen a time when the 鈥減erpetual鈥� fear created by the government was warranted. Arnold Toynbee in 1961was concerned that America had become like Rome, in that we were now about inequality, injustice, and happiness for the few. Blum shows a 1995 internal document stating that the U.S. had to act like a madman so few rivals would want to engage. Then he discusses all the assassinations done with U.S. help, and how America was so upset when Rushdie got a fatwah but no one cared that U.S. led similarly unfair but larger fatwahs against Allende, Castro, Sukarno and others. There has not yet appeared any 鈥渓egal or moral argument to explain why the United States and its officials should be exempt from international law and justice.鈥� In this amazing book, you watch as America keeps intervening in someone else鈥檚 Civil War (China, Greece, Vietnam, etc.). You see how one can ever know what Cuba, Haiti, Guatemala, Iran, Nicaragua, Indonesia, Chile, and dozens of other countries could have been like today without the decades of unrelenting American interference. Iraq was a non-radical secular society with frequent happy intermarriage between Sunni and Shia. Then America came鈥� The Philippines had a chance at real independence in 1898. Then America came鈥� Iran loved Mossadegh in 1951. Then America came鈥� The names change, the story stays the same. Great book鈥�
September 8, 2019
An excellent book to beat people blithely proclaiming US forces to be always, by default, "the good guys", declaring the US to be absolutely, non-negotiably "the greatest country in the world" and spouting other such hubris-fuelled fantasies over the head with. One might wish to add John Tirman's , assorted works by Noam Chomsky, and at least half a dozen other titles I can think of off the top of my head to the pile for good measure. The hypocrisy and arrogance alone is enough to turn one's stomach, let alone the despicable actions and atrocities visited upon people from across the world, including the country's own citizens. One might also wish to consider the fact that had this book been published in 2019 rather than (in the edition I read) 2002, it would easily have been twice as long.
June 18, 2013
鈥淩ogue State鈥� is a quick run-down of the unseemly things that the United States did between 1945 and 2000. The first 90 pages cover major foreign human rights violations by the American government and the support of human rights violations in other countries. The next 30 pages focus on our use of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, as well as depleted uranium, cluster bombs, and other bombings of civilian populations, and our encouragement of chemical/biological weapons in other countries. The next 110 pages focus on all the ways in which we've tried to interfere with the governance of other nations, specifically through military intervention, intervening in elections, UN vetoes, and a whole host of CIA malfeasance. The book then ends with a 30-page rundown of the ways in which the American government limits democracy within its own borders.
Overall, the number of ridiculously immoral things that can be attributed to the American government over that 65 year period becomes stunning.
In some sense the book feels thrown-together. There's no clear flow, and subjects are often wedged in just to get them in there. In that sense it feels like a reference manual for American atrocities. However, the writing isn't too dense and the author throws in dark humor regularly, so it's still a decent read.
As far as accuracy of the facts goes, there isn't nearly enough room to adequately reference all the accusations, though there are a decent number of references. I can say from my own study of history from many different sources that I didn't see anything particularly controversial within the pages. The truth of specific events here and there might be in question, but the overall tactics and types of incidents are certainly part of the history of the American government. The author does a decent job of distinguishing between cases where there is evidence that the US government committed the acts in question and when there is only the suggestion that they may have done so.
This book was written in 2000. Strikingly, that was before 9/11, the 鈥淲ar on Terror鈥�, the Patriot Act, the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, Abu Gharib, Guantanamo Bay, the torture of terror suspects, the assassination of US citizens, drone attacks in Pakistan, Yemen, and Somalia, and the exposure of almost universal NSA spying. It is clear that the tactics employed from 1945 to 2000 have not abated in the slightest. In fact, the final two paragraphs of the book show an almost prescient foreshadowing by the author of what was about to come:
鈥淚n place of finding a commie under every bed, they now find a drug possessor, user, dealer, shipper or courier. Instead of the Soviet Evil Empire, they now see Rogue Nations out there, Outlaw Nations, Pariah States鈥攅nemies need catchy name鈥攚ith their regiments of terrorists, supporters of terrorists, acquaintances of terrorists, nuclear smugglers, questionable asylum seekers and other anti-American and un-American types. In place of civil rights agitators, the Authority Juggernaut now zooms in on youth gangs, immigrants, environmentalists, welfare recipients, prisoners, and a host of other folks with a glaring deficit of political power.
What keeps most Americans from being shocked by the shredding of the Bill of Rights is that they have yet to feel the consequences, either personally or through someone close to them. It would appear, however, that they only have to wait. America's foreign groupies, in the meantime, remain blissfully unaware of the above and in need of a reality transplant.鈥�
The foreign groupies only needed 3-5 more years to finally lose their unawareness. Most Americans took another 10 years after that, but it looks like they may finally be getting the message as well.
Overall, the number of ridiculously immoral things that can be attributed to the American government over that 65 year period becomes stunning.
In some sense the book feels thrown-together. There's no clear flow, and subjects are often wedged in just to get them in there. In that sense it feels like a reference manual for American atrocities. However, the writing isn't too dense and the author throws in dark humor regularly, so it's still a decent read.
As far as accuracy of the facts goes, there isn't nearly enough room to adequately reference all the accusations, though there are a decent number of references. I can say from my own study of history from many different sources that I didn't see anything particularly controversial within the pages. The truth of specific events here and there might be in question, but the overall tactics and types of incidents are certainly part of the history of the American government. The author does a decent job of distinguishing between cases where there is evidence that the US government committed the acts in question and when there is only the suggestion that they may have done so.
This book was written in 2000. Strikingly, that was before 9/11, the 鈥淲ar on Terror鈥�, the Patriot Act, the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, Abu Gharib, Guantanamo Bay, the torture of terror suspects, the assassination of US citizens, drone attacks in Pakistan, Yemen, and Somalia, and the exposure of almost universal NSA spying. It is clear that the tactics employed from 1945 to 2000 have not abated in the slightest. In fact, the final two paragraphs of the book show an almost prescient foreshadowing by the author of what was about to come:
鈥淚n place of finding a commie under every bed, they now find a drug possessor, user, dealer, shipper or courier. Instead of the Soviet Evil Empire, they now see Rogue Nations out there, Outlaw Nations, Pariah States鈥攅nemies need catchy name鈥攚ith their regiments of terrorists, supporters of terrorists, acquaintances of terrorists, nuclear smugglers, questionable asylum seekers and other anti-American and un-American types. In place of civil rights agitators, the Authority Juggernaut now zooms in on youth gangs, immigrants, environmentalists, welfare recipients, prisoners, and a host of other folks with a glaring deficit of political power.
What keeps most Americans from being shocked by the shredding of the Bill of Rights is that they have yet to feel the consequences, either personally or through someone close to them. It would appear, however, that they only have to wait. America's foreign groupies, in the meantime, remain blissfully unaware of the above and in need of a reality transplant.鈥�
The foreign groupies only needed 3-5 more years to finally lose their unawareness. Most Americans took another 10 years after that, but it looks like they may finally be getting the message as well.
April 25, 2008
Draw your own conclusions but as a collection of [very deliberately selected] facts this presents a coherent indication of why the US faces some of the international / trans-national / and internal points of view. In UK we too often fail to take a true interest in US internal politics and fail to anticipate the 'why' behind American foreign policy. DON'T base your view on this book but DO take it as a starting point for your own enquiries. AP.
February 6, 2015
A good insight into the United States mostly unethical and immoral interference in foreign countries, from the 1940's to the present time. There are so many instances cited in this book, that at times reading it can get monotonous. Some accusations against the United States may sound like an opinion, stated to top off a previously stated powerful thesis. There are so many accusations, so profound at times that the reader can clearly imagine a book researched and written in-depth on every one of them.
The CIA turns up as the biggest culprit - manuevering, advising, assassinating and planning under the guise of democracy in order to further US power and interests worldwide. There is no end to the oppressive and Machevellian machinations that the CIA and United State's secret echelon of officials will reach in order to profit at the expense of other nations. When compared against today's war in Iraq and the U.S.'s past conflicts in the Persian Gulf, it's easy to understand how America's administrations, the likes of Dick Cheney and the Bush family, may have profitted from overseas reconstruction in the form of millions of dollars of construction contracts and services.
Think all wars are being fought for oil? What about all the medical contracts, pharma companies, construction, manufacturing, education, civil engineering and trade contracts that result from these wars, all to America's benefit? If your a skeptic of anything, from government and propaganda to journalism and cover-ups, this book will at least give you an opportunity to question the possibility that greed and the lust for power were more instrumental in shaping out nations last 50 years, than the furtherance of democratic principles which we hold dear.
The CIA turns up as the biggest culprit - manuevering, advising, assassinating and planning under the guise of democracy in order to further US power and interests worldwide. There is no end to the oppressive and Machevellian machinations that the CIA and United State's secret echelon of officials will reach in order to profit at the expense of other nations. When compared against today's war in Iraq and the U.S.'s past conflicts in the Persian Gulf, it's easy to understand how America's administrations, the likes of Dick Cheney and the Bush family, may have profitted from overseas reconstruction in the form of millions of dollars of construction contracts and services.
Think all wars are being fought for oil? What about all the medical contracts, pharma companies, construction, manufacturing, education, civil engineering and trade contracts that result from these wars, all to America's benefit? If your a skeptic of anything, from government and propaganda to journalism and cover-ups, this book will at least give you an opportunity to question the possibility that greed and the lust for power were more instrumental in shaping out nations last 50 years, than the furtherance of democratic principles which we hold dear.
June 16, 2012
Solid compilation of several decades of skulduggery. Every president of every nation on the planet should follow the example set in this book. a case study on Machiavelli. What a happy world it would be (excuse the sarcasm). I reference Blum's compilation in my own book "Dioxinomics: The Myth of Superpower in the Age of Dioxin." Soon, we will know what total anarchy looks like at the hands of every popinjay sovereign on the planet.
August 3, 2011
This book is shorter more concise version of Killing Hope which makes it more readable.
Will shatter the 'good guy' myth if you read it. As shocking as it reads, most of it seems to be backed up by government references.
Will shatter the 'good guy' myth if you read it. As shocking as it reads, most of it seems to be backed up by government references.
April 12, 2008
Great book for anyone interested in 'real' American foreign policy.
August 6, 2016
Investigative journalist William Bloom explains how US, behind a well publicized but false facade of democracy and human rights rhetoric, is engaged through its secretive agencies (CIA, NSA, and other affiliates), in endless number of subversive and criminal activities throughout the world in the form of coups, election frauds, invasions, spying, bombings, sabotage, assassinations, torture, bribery, kidnappings, drug trafficking, money laundering, looting, and so on since the WWII. The justification stated for these actions is often ideological; as any perceived threat to capitalism and American interests is considered to be sufficient reason for subversive action by the American Empire. Equally disturbing, is lulling to sleep the masses by hypocritical and deceptive front-line politicians and agencies, while all these illicit and criminal activities are conducted secretly and without impunity in the background.
For those who can see beyond smoke and mirrors, the recent failed coup attempt in Turkey by the disciples of the cleric Gulen who resides in Pennsylvania, had CIA involvement stamped all over it. But the coup attempt was most likely strategized to fail by the long term planners of the Globalist Gang to hand more power to Erdogan, an emerging dictator in the country. In the process, some of Gulen鈥檚 followers were risked to be sacrificed and others pacified for the time being. With dismantling of the Soviet Union and the cold war, the utility of Turkey as the bulwark of eastern defenses of the NATO greatly diminished. So, in the long term, a dictatorship in Turkey in the style of Saddam Hussein or Kaddafi, not a civilized democracy, would suit better to the American Empire to stir up trouble in this oil-rich volatile region.
After reading this book, one can confidently say 鈥淓mperor has no clothes鈥�.
For those who can see beyond smoke and mirrors, the recent failed coup attempt in Turkey by the disciples of the cleric Gulen who resides in Pennsylvania, had CIA involvement stamped all over it. But the coup attempt was most likely strategized to fail by the long term planners of the Globalist Gang to hand more power to Erdogan, an emerging dictator in the country. In the process, some of Gulen鈥檚 followers were risked to be sacrificed and others pacified for the time being. With dismantling of the Soviet Union and the cold war, the utility of Turkey as the bulwark of eastern defenses of the NATO greatly diminished. So, in the long term, a dictatorship in Turkey in the style of Saddam Hussein or Kaddafi, not a civilized democracy, would suit better to the American Empire to stir up trouble in this oil-rich volatile region.
After reading this book, one can confidently say 鈥淓mperor has no clothes鈥�.
April 24, 2010
Rogue State should be renamed 1001 Reasons To Hate America. I have an issue with these books because granted, U.S foreign policy has been far from ideal with assasination attempts on most pro-communist leaders during the Cold War, but to make the assertion that the CIA planned an assasination attempt on Charles de Gaulle (president of France) in 1965 is absolutely ridiculous.
This and many other historically inaccurate assertions are made in the book written by William Blum, a seriously pissed of ex-State Department worker. I wonder what they did to piss this man off, he needs some therapy to calm him down. The book itself gives the impression of having been shouted on to paper, mixes fact with fiction and makes some incredulous remarks:
'Something fundamentally peculiar has happened when the US government fires cruise missiles at an individual, Osama Bin Laden. When has a government ever declared war on an individual?'
and...
'How the CIA sent Nelson Mandela to Prison for 28 Years'
among a few of his controversial statements.
William Blum does make some very valid points regarding the US government flawed foreign policy (the 'Our Son Of a Bitch Policy') when backing dictators and mass murdrers like Pol Pot, Saddam and hundreds of others stretching from south America to the middle east. He loses sight of the truth when he begins to connect every single event to the invisible hand of the CIA.
This and many other historically inaccurate assertions are made in the book written by William Blum, a seriously pissed of ex-State Department worker. I wonder what they did to piss this man off, he needs some therapy to calm him down. The book itself gives the impression of having been shouted on to paper, mixes fact with fiction and makes some incredulous remarks:
'Something fundamentally peculiar has happened when the US government fires cruise missiles at an individual, Osama Bin Laden. When has a government ever declared war on an individual?'
and...
'How the CIA sent Nelson Mandela to Prison for 28 Years'
among a few of his controversial statements.
William Blum does make some very valid points regarding the US government flawed foreign policy (the 'Our Son Of a Bitch Policy') when backing dictators and mass murdrers like Pol Pot, Saddam and hundreds of others stretching from south America to the middle east. He loses sight of the truth when he begins to connect every single event to the invisible hand of the CIA.
October 24, 2010
An unsettling catalogue of nasty deeds - assassinations, torture, tyrant-funding, electoral meddling and the like - all apparently carried out or supported by the United States from the 1940s to the present day. Its concise and country-organized approach makes this an accessible book, with events listed, bullet-pointed, summarised and referenced, rather than lost in a wall of words (脿 la Chomsky). Blum clearly understands that it becomes more difficult to dismiss specific episodes as 'deviations from the norm' when each is presented back-to-back in this succinct way.
Just be mindful not to take it as the full picture of what America stands for, because this is more criticism than critique. With a scope specifically limited to identifying the negatives, it's probably best read as a counterbalance to existing rhetoric rather than as a fair and balanced history in itself. Still, if only 50% of this book's claims are accurate, then what have our journalists been doing for the last 60 years?
Just be mindful not to take it as the full picture of what America stands for, because this is more criticism than critique. With a scope specifically limited to identifying the negatives, it's probably best read as a counterbalance to existing rhetoric rather than as a fair and balanced history in itself. Still, if only 50% of this book's claims are accurate, then what have our journalists been doing for the last 60 years?
November 13, 2014
kind of the standard left critique of US foreign policy these days. nutshells the much more impressive Killing Hope in a quick chapter, and includes essays on various topics, such as how the US meets its own definition of 'rogue state' (similar to Chomsky's later argument that the US also meets its own definition of 'failed state' and George's earlier argument that the Us meets its own definition of 'terrorism').
June 2, 2017
The horror and terror of US global imperial interventionism. A terrifying and chilling book.
February 27, 2020
Anything by Blum is totally recommended to everyone. He is one those guys whose every work is worth the read. I would even advice you all to read his "Anti Empire Reports" available on his website.
November 7, 2023
T盲st盲 kirjasta j盲i v盲h盲n ristiriitaiset fiilikset. Asia oli todella mielenkiintoista, mutta esitystapa oli pinnallinen ja l盲hteistys paikoin puutteellista.
En ep盲ile, etteik枚 Yhdysvaltain hallitus ja organisaatiot kuten CIA olisi pystyneet kaikkeen siihen, mit盲 kirjassa kerrotaan, ja osa jutuista oli minulle jo entuudestaan tuttuja. Osa ei, ja osasta mietin, ett盲 mist盲 t盲llainen asia on p盲盲tynyt p盲iv盲nvaloon ja miten t盲llaista voi tapahtua ilman, ett盲 koko maailma on barrikadeilla. No, se kai Blumin pointti kirjassa onkin. Joka tapauksessa aivan t枚rke盲盲 toimintaa, vaikka vain puolet kirjassa kerrotusta olisi tapahtunut kirjailijan kuvailemalla tavalla. Sis盲ll枚st盲 ehk盲 k盲sitt盲m盲tt枚mint盲 USA:n oman ideologian valossa on maan omilla kansalaisilla ja omalla maaper盲ll盲 tehdyt kokeet. Moneen kertaan my枚s mietin, ett盲 milt盲h盲n kommunismin historia n盲ytt盲isi, jos Yhdysvalloilla ei olisi lusikkaansa jokaisessa sopassa maan p盲盲ll盲. Viimeinen luku, jossa k盲siteltiin Yhdysvaltain sis盲politiikkaa ja -oloja, muodosti paikoin hyvinkin selke盲n jatkumon Yhdysvaltain nykypolitiikkaan: jo vuonna 2000 puhuttiin kielletyist盲 kirjoista, poliisiv盲kivallasta jne.
Johdannossa oli v盲h盲n kummallisia juttuja: kirja alkaa oudolla, yleist盲v盲ll盲 vertauksella naisista, joka tuntui v盲h盲n kaukaa haetulta kirjan aiheeseen n盲hden. (Yhden kappaleen p盲盲ss盲 yleistys kuitenkin k盲盲nnet盲盲n feministiseksi kannanotoksi.) Blum my枚s lainaa johdannossa Hitleri盲, koska t盲ll盲 oli "yksioikoisuudestaan huolimatta usein melko [oivaltavia huomautuksia] maailman olemuksesta", mik盲 sai minut hieman kohottamaan kulmiani.
Suurin kirjan uskottavuutta sy枚v盲 tekij盲 on puutteelliset l盲hdetiedot. V盲lill盲 kyseess盲 oli pienehk枚t jutut, esimerkiksi tekstiss盲 muotoilu "on sanottu, ett盲 [raflaava v盲ite]", ja viittaus on kirjailijan itsens盲 kirjoittamaan artikkeliin. V盲lill盲 silloinkin, kun kirjoittaja oli mainittu, l盲hdeviite puuttui (esim. Chomsky, s. 169). Monista p枚yristytt盲vist盲 v盲itteist盲 ei ollut annettu lainkaan l盲hteit盲 (esim. ett盲 Chiless盲 "usutettiin koiria raiskaamaan naisia", s. 151). L盲hteit盲 olisin kaivannut my枚s viimeiseen lukuun, vaikka Blum mainitseekin luvun l盲hdeviiteosiossa, ett盲 l盲hteet on j盲tetty listaamatta siksi, ett盲 kyse ei ole yksitt盲istapauksista. Muutama esimerkkikin olisi auttanut hahmottamaan, mist盲 n盲ist盲 asioista p盲盲see lukemaan. Sen sijaan h盲n kehottaa lukijaa pyyt盲m盲盲n l盲hteit盲 suoraan kirjailijalta. Nyt h盲n on jo kuollut, joten h盲nen s盲hk枚postiosoitteestaan ei ole paljoa iloa. Iso osa k盲ytetyist盲 l盲hteist盲 on lehtiartikkeleita, mik盲 on sin盲ns盲 loogista, koska Blum oli journalisti. Kaipailin kuitenkin l盲hteisiin enemm盲n kirjallisuutta, jonka kautta tapahtumiin p盲盲sisi perehtym盲盲n syv盲llisesti. Ehk盲 n盲ist盲 aiheista ei ainakaan tuohon aikaan ollut kirjoitettu kirjoja.
Toinen iso miinus kirjassa oli sen rakenne: Blum esitteli lyhyesti valtavan m盲盲r盲n tapahtumia, mutta ei paneutunut mihink盲盲n syv盲llisesti. Monet tapahtumat kuitattiin yhdell盲 virkkeell盲. Ymm盲rr盲n sen, ett盲 Yhdysvaltain "politiikkaa" on harjoitettu niin paljon, ettei kaikkea voi k盲yd盲 l盲pi, ja Blum selv盲sti halusi korostaa sit盲, miten paljon CIA ja kumppanit ovat maailmalla vuosien varrella h盲盲r盲illeet, mutta t盲m盲 oli minusta hyvin turhauttava toteutustapa t盲lle teokselle. Lyhyist盲 katkelmista j盲i usein monia kysymyksi盲 ilmaan. Esimerkiksi sivulla 154 sanotaan, ett盲 John Kerr syrj盲ytti Australiassa edelt盲j盲ns盲 "laillisesti" (lainausmerkit kirjailijan), mutta t盲t盲 ei mitenk盲盲n avata. Toinen esimerkki: Olisi ollut kiva, jos USA:n vastustamia YK:n turvallisuusneuvoston p盲盲t枚ksi盲 olisi edes hieman avattu. Miksi esimerkiksi USA ja Israel ovat vastustaneet p盲盲t枚slauselmaa natsien, fasistien ja uusfasistien vastustamisen keinoista vuonna 1985 (s. 205)?
V盲lill盲 minua v盲h盲n kiusasi my枚s se, ett盲 Blum tuntui sivuuttavan tai kielt盲v盲n etenkin Neuvostoliiton totalitarismin, tai v盲h盲ttelev盲n sit盲 ja sen asukkaiden kokemia v盲盲ryyksi盲.
Kirjan k盲盲nn枚s oli ihan OK.
En ep盲ile, etteik枚 Yhdysvaltain hallitus ja organisaatiot kuten CIA olisi pystyneet kaikkeen siihen, mit盲 kirjassa kerrotaan, ja osa jutuista oli minulle jo entuudestaan tuttuja. Osa ei, ja osasta mietin, ett盲 mist盲 t盲llainen asia on p盲盲tynyt p盲iv盲nvaloon ja miten t盲llaista voi tapahtua ilman, ett盲 koko maailma on barrikadeilla. No, se kai Blumin pointti kirjassa onkin. Joka tapauksessa aivan t枚rke盲盲 toimintaa, vaikka vain puolet kirjassa kerrotusta olisi tapahtunut kirjailijan kuvailemalla tavalla. Sis盲ll枚st盲 ehk盲 k盲sitt盲m盲tt枚mint盲 USA:n oman ideologian valossa on maan omilla kansalaisilla ja omalla maaper盲ll盲 tehdyt kokeet. Moneen kertaan my枚s mietin, ett盲 milt盲h盲n kommunismin historia n盲ytt盲isi, jos Yhdysvalloilla ei olisi lusikkaansa jokaisessa sopassa maan p盲盲ll盲. Viimeinen luku, jossa k盲siteltiin Yhdysvaltain sis盲politiikkaa ja -oloja, muodosti paikoin hyvinkin selke盲n jatkumon Yhdysvaltain nykypolitiikkaan: jo vuonna 2000 puhuttiin kielletyist盲 kirjoista, poliisiv盲kivallasta jne.
Johdannossa oli v盲h盲n kummallisia juttuja: kirja alkaa oudolla, yleist盲v盲ll盲 vertauksella naisista, joka tuntui v盲h盲n kaukaa haetulta kirjan aiheeseen n盲hden. (Yhden kappaleen p盲盲ss盲 yleistys kuitenkin k盲盲nnet盲盲n feministiseksi kannanotoksi.) Blum my枚s lainaa johdannossa Hitleri盲, koska t盲ll盲 oli "yksioikoisuudestaan huolimatta usein melko [oivaltavia huomautuksia] maailman olemuksesta", mik盲 sai minut hieman kohottamaan kulmiani.
Suurin kirjan uskottavuutta sy枚v盲 tekij盲 on puutteelliset l盲hdetiedot. V盲lill盲 kyseess盲 oli pienehk枚t jutut, esimerkiksi tekstiss盲 muotoilu "on sanottu, ett盲 [raflaava v盲ite]", ja viittaus on kirjailijan itsens盲 kirjoittamaan artikkeliin. V盲lill盲 silloinkin, kun kirjoittaja oli mainittu, l盲hdeviite puuttui (esim. Chomsky, s. 169). Monista p枚yristytt盲vist盲 v盲itteist盲 ei ollut annettu lainkaan l盲hteit盲 (esim. ett盲 Chiless盲 "usutettiin koiria raiskaamaan naisia", s. 151). L盲hteit盲 olisin kaivannut my枚s viimeiseen lukuun, vaikka Blum mainitseekin luvun l盲hdeviiteosiossa, ett盲 l盲hteet on j盲tetty listaamatta siksi, ett盲 kyse ei ole yksitt盲istapauksista. Muutama esimerkkikin olisi auttanut hahmottamaan, mist盲 n盲ist盲 asioista p盲盲see lukemaan. Sen sijaan h盲n kehottaa lukijaa pyyt盲m盲盲n l盲hteit盲 suoraan kirjailijalta. Nyt h盲n on jo kuollut, joten h盲nen s盲hk枚postiosoitteestaan ei ole paljoa iloa. Iso osa k盲ytetyist盲 l盲hteist盲 on lehtiartikkeleita, mik盲 on sin盲ns盲 loogista, koska Blum oli journalisti. Kaipailin kuitenkin l盲hteisiin enemm盲n kirjallisuutta, jonka kautta tapahtumiin p盲盲sisi perehtym盲盲n syv盲llisesti. Ehk盲 n盲ist盲 aiheista ei ainakaan tuohon aikaan ollut kirjoitettu kirjoja.
Toinen iso miinus kirjassa oli sen rakenne: Blum esitteli lyhyesti valtavan m盲盲r盲n tapahtumia, mutta ei paneutunut mihink盲盲n syv盲llisesti. Monet tapahtumat kuitattiin yhdell盲 virkkeell盲. Ymm盲rr盲n sen, ett盲 Yhdysvaltain "politiikkaa" on harjoitettu niin paljon, ettei kaikkea voi k盲yd盲 l盲pi, ja Blum selv盲sti halusi korostaa sit盲, miten paljon CIA ja kumppanit ovat maailmalla vuosien varrella h盲盲r盲illeet, mutta t盲m盲 oli minusta hyvin turhauttava toteutustapa t盲lle teokselle. Lyhyist盲 katkelmista j盲i usein monia kysymyksi盲 ilmaan. Esimerkiksi sivulla 154 sanotaan, ett盲 John Kerr syrj盲ytti Australiassa edelt盲j盲ns盲 "laillisesti" (lainausmerkit kirjailijan), mutta t盲t盲 ei mitenk盲盲n avata. Toinen esimerkki: Olisi ollut kiva, jos USA:n vastustamia YK:n turvallisuusneuvoston p盲盲t枚ksi盲 olisi edes hieman avattu. Miksi esimerkiksi USA ja Israel ovat vastustaneet p盲盲t枚slauselmaa natsien, fasistien ja uusfasistien vastustamisen keinoista vuonna 1985 (s. 205)?
V盲lill盲 minua v盲h盲n kiusasi my枚s se, ett盲 Blum tuntui sivuuttavan tai kielt盲v盲n etenkin Neuvostoliiton totalitarismin, tai v盲h盲ttelev盲n sit盲 ja sen asukkaiden kokemia v盲盲ryyksi盲.
Kirjan k盲盲nn枚s oli ihan OK.
January 27, 2021
I read this because the book was on Bin Laden's shelf. I got curious as to what he had been thinking.
The author's language is biased, which made me somewhat wary about his truthfulness, as he so clearly was sending a message. Would he have been able to keep to the facts? Not all his statements have clear enough notes to verify all of his statements, but where and when I could follow his trail (he misspelled some foreign names) some of the things he mentions by turn out to be common knowledge by now, and substantiated by many academic volumes.
The shelves you see with this review are the countries covered. These are the countries in which the US has striven to get it's own agenda pushed.Even of only half what is stated is true, then it is good that more people know about this. I recommend it, despite the above deficiencies.
I chided myself that the content of this book came as a surprise. And I will undertake to read more about the individuals, the countries and the events that are elucidated here, to see what broader image, in context, and twenty year later, will emerge.
The author's language is biased, which made me somewhat wary about his truthfulness, as he so clearly was sending a message. Would he have been able to keep to the facts? Not all his statements have clear enough notes to verify all of his statements, but where and when I could follow his trail (he misspelled some foreign names) some of the things he mentions by turn out to be common knowledge by now, and substantiated by many academic volumes.
The shelves you see with this review are the countries covered. These are the countries in which the US has striven to get it's own agenda pushed.Even of only half what is stated is true, then it is good that more people know about this. I recommend it, despite the above deficiencies.
I chided myself that the content of this book came as a surprise. And I will undertake to read more about the individuals, the countries and the events that are elucidated here, to see what broader image, in context, and twenty year later, will emerge.
March 13, 2012
William Blum is in the same class as Michael Moore only Michael has more style, wit and backs his examples with clever analysis which William tends not to have. The book is filled with numerous examples and resembles more of a reference book than an analytical one which the cover promises. Nevertheless the genre is an important one as not a great number of White writers are writing about their own kind. And they are the only ones who can make any difference in the public opinion. I found the book interesting because for me Islam and Islamic countries are not the only targets for the American bully which I did suspect for a long time but was finding difficult to defend among my Muslim friends.
January 18, 2012
The format of the book isn't particularly engaging, but it isn't supposed to be. It reads as a long list of charges against the U.S. separated into different categories, clinically documented, referenced and only briefly commentated on. The author's voice is present, along with his bias, but the analysis is on the mark and once all of the evidence is presented the book is succinctly concluded and the reader's left aghast, baffled and more than a little angry. A must read, especially as a primer for deeper research into American foreign policy, but far from a wholly reliable and balanced analysis.
May 2, 2015
We all know the US bullied its way toward superiority throughout the final half of the 20th century. This book opened up my eyes on just how far this lone rogue superpower would go to protect its ill-gotten hegemony.
Torture, kidnapping, harboring war-criminals, financing insurgencies, weapons and military aids. Sounds like a plot from a Hollywood spy movie. But underneath our world, there are men with bloodied hands, directing the order of our world. Often on the lives of thousands.
As Blum quoted Goethe, we are reminded of the value of this book to civilization.
"None are more hopelessly enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free." ~Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Torture, kidnapping, harboring war-criminals, financing insurgencies, weapons and military aids. Sounds like a plot from a Hollywood spy movie. But underneath our world, there are men with bloodied hands, directing the order of our world. Often on the lives of thousands.
As Blum quoted Goethe, we are reminded of the value of this book to civilization.
"None are more hopelessly enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free." ~Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
August 22, 2017
One of the best books detailing American hypocrisy in international politics and the dirty wars it has conducted in the contemporary era. From Iran to Latin America to Africa, William Blum takes you into the hidden facts of the government toppling, violence infused history of the world that America led secretly. Some statistics that will blow your mind in this short read - Borat was right to call it America's "War of Terror" but one thing he didn't highlight was that it had been going on for many decades since World War II. Find out the hidden history of the United States for the past 70 years in international relations in this book.
October 23, 2007
This is a really good book for reference material. When you want statistics or specific data in a discussion of US empire, this is the book to reach for. When you need to pick a year and say where the US was currently invading you open up the book to the chapter on invasions. While it's great as a reference book, he doesn't do much in terms of theoretical analysis. He is simply trying to convince everyone of his thesis of American Empire. If you're sitting on the fence, this is a book for you. If you're convinced of the thesis, use it as a reference.
April 10, 2020
鈥淣o matter how paranoid or conspiracy-minded you are, what the government is actually doing is worse than you imagine.鈥�
鈥� William Blum, Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower
This quote sums up the book. If you can imagine anything horrible - it is documented in this book as the US doing it with the when, why, and how.
鈥� William Blum, Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower
This quote sums up the book. If you can imagine anything horrible - it is documented in this book as the US doing it with the when, why, and how.
February 8, 2022
Well some parts of this book were truly scary and awful. Especially the last chapter, hard to believe.
Also there some points in this book of which I heard and if I am not mistaken this is the first book that mentions them and claims that they are true.
Anyway I would recommend this book to anyone who would like to obtain a more clear view of the citadel of democracy.
Also there some points in this book of which I heard and if I am not mistaken this is the first book that mentions them and claims that they are true.
Anyway I would recommend this book to anyone who would like to obtain a more clear view of the citadel of democracy.
January 16, 2020
Worryingly enlightening. Anyone who wants to understand America and its role in the world should read this.
July 7, 2020
This book was amazing. If every American knew the truth they would be very ashamed of their governments, both Republican and Democrat.
May 17, 2021
Don't get depressed after reading this extremely insightful, yet painful and pleasurable read.
July 14, 2021
A well documented laundry list of U.S. activities abroad and at home. Depressing.
Three stars because the Kindle version has all kinds of weird formatting issues not because of the content.
Three stars because the Kindle version has all kinds of weird formatting issues not because of the content.
September 9, 2023
Amerika Syarikat telah menjadi subjek perdebatan dan kontroversi yang berpanjangan dalam sejarah geopolitik dunia. Negara ini amatlah sesuai digambarkan seperti tajuk buku tersebut sebagai sebuah negara samseng yang menggunakan kekuatannya untuk mencapai kepentingan dan agenda politik di peringkat global.
Dari aspek lain yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penggunaan bom yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Syarikat terhadap banyak negara. Hal ini dapat kita lihat melalui penggunaan bom dan serangan udara yang dilakukan di Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria dan negara lain, yang telah mengakibatkan rakyat yang tidak berdosa menjadi mangsa korban. Serangan ini meskipun dimaksudkan untuk menghadapi ancaman terroris, namun seringkali menimbulkan kerosakan yang parah pada insfrastruktur dan turut melibatkan kehilangan banyak nyawa.
Selain itu, saya juga melihat Amerika Syarikat memiliki kecenderungan untuk memanipulasi situasi di negara-negara lain demi kepentingan politik dan ekonominya. Dukungan mereka kepada rezim otoriter dan tindakan campur tangan yang dilakukan di negara-negara seperti Chile, Guatemala dan beberapa negara benua Amerika lainnya. Tujuan mereka campur tangan sering kali untuk melindungi dan memperkuat ekonomi negara mereka tanpa memperdulikan konsekuensi yang mungkin akan timbul.
Dampak ekonomi negara Amerika Syarikat adalah pengeluaran militer yang besar serta penggunaan kekuatan politik untuk mempengaruhi perekonomian global telah memberikan Amerika Syarikat dominasi ekonomi yang signifikan. Namun, terlepas dari manfaat ekonomi yang diraih Amerika Syarikat, negara-negara menjadi korban seringkali mengalami kerugian yang sangat besar dalam infrastruktur, ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rakyat.
Memetik kata-kata Gore Vidal, negara Samseng mengembalikan ingatan kita kepada kata-kata Naib Presiden Agnew:
"Biarpun salah, biarpun silap, Amerika Syarikat tetap negara teragung di dunia."
Dari aspek lain yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penggunaan bom yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Syarikat terhadap banyak negara. Hal ini dapat kita lihat melalui penggunaan bom dan serangan udara yang dilakukan di Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria dan negara lain, yang telah mengakibatkan rakyat yang tidak berdosa menjadi mangsa korban. Serangan ini meskipun dimaksudkan untuk menghadapi ancaman terroris, namun seringkali menimbulkan kerosakan yang parah pada insfrastruktur dan turut melibatkan kehilangan banyak nyawa.
Selain itu, saya juga melihat Amerika Syarikat memiliki kecenderungan untuk memanipulasi situasi di negara-negara lain demi kepentingan politik dan ekonominya. Dukungan mereka kepada rezim otoriter dan tindakan campur tangan yang dilakukan di negara-negara seperti Chile, Guatemala dan beberapa negara benua Amerika lainnya. Tujuan mereka campur tangan sering kali untuk melindungi dan memperkuat ekonomi negara mereka tanpa memperdulikan konsekuensi yang mungkin akan timbul.
Dampak ekonomi negara Amerika Syarikat adalah pengeluaran militer yang besar serta penggunaan kekuatan politik untuk mempengaruhi perekonomian global telah memberikan Amerika Syarikat dominasi ekonomi yang signifikan. Namun, terlepas dari manfaat ekonomi yang diraih Amerika Syarikat, negara-negara menjadi korban seringkali mengalami kerugian yang sangat besar dalam infrastruktur, ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rakyat.
Memetik kata-kata Gore Vidal, negara Samseng mengembalikan ingatan kita kepada kata-kata Naib Presiden Agnew:
"Biarpun salah, biarpun silap, Amerika Syarikat tetap negara teragung di dunia."
April 27, 2023
賳毓賲貙 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 丕賱兀賲乇賷賰賷丞 賴賷 兀賰亘乇 丿賵賱丞 賯丿 鬲爻亘亘鬲 賮賷 丕賱廿乇賴丕亘 禺賱丕賱 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇. 賱賰賳 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賱丕 賷賯賵賲 亘兀賷 賮毓賱 賱賱禺賷乇 亘廿賱賯丕亍賴 賰賱 丕賱賱賵賲 毓賱賶 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丨丿賴丕 賵 毓賱賶 爻賷丕爻鬲賴丕 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞. 賮賴賵 毓賳丿賲丕 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱廿乇賴丕亘賷賷賳 兀賵 丿賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷賷 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀禺乇賶 賷亘丿賵 亘兀賳賴 賷乇賮毓 兀賷 賲賱丕賲丞 毓賳 兀毓賳丕賯賴賲 賵 賷囟毓賴丕 毓賱賶 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 賰丕賱賲爻丐賵賱丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 毓賳 賰賱 廿乇賴丕亘 賷賯毓 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲.
丕賱賲丐賱賮 亘賮毓賱賴 亘賴匕丕貙 賱丕 賷亘丿賵 賱賷 亘兀賳賴 賲賴鬲賲 丨賯丕賸 亘賲爻丕毓丿丞 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲鬲囟乇乇丞 賲賳 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱兀賲乇賷賰賷 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 賰賵賳賴 賲賴鬲賲 亘廿賱丨丕賯 丕賱兀匕賶 賱亘賳賷丞 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 賱兀爻亘丕亘 兀賷丿賷賵賱賵噩賷丞 卮禺氐賷丞貙 賮賴賵 賰廿卮鬲乇丕賰賷 賷乇賶 亘兀賳 丕賱乇兀爻賲丕賱賷丞 賴賷 兀丨丿 丕賱兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞 賱賱鬲丿禺賱丕鬲 丕賱兀賲乇賷賰賷丞 - 廿賳 賱賲 鬲賰賳 丕賱爻亘亘 丕賱賰丕賮賷 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴 - 賮賷 卮丐賵賳 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀禺乇賶貙 賵 亘兀賳 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱卮賷賵毓賷丞 賵 丕賱丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀囟乇鬲 卮毓賵亘賴丕 賱賲 鬲賯賲 亘匕賱賰 廿賱丕 亘鬲丨乇賷囟 賲亘丕卮乇 賲賳 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞貙 賵 亘丿賵賳 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丨乇賷囟 丕賱兀賲賵乇 賰丕賳鬲 爻鬲爻賷乇 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷乇丕賲.
卮禺氐賷丕賸 兀乇賶 亘兀賳 鬲丨賲賷賱 賰賱 胤乇賮 賲爻丐賵賱賷丞 兀賮毓丕賱賴 賵 賲乇丕噩毓丞 丕賱匕丕鬲 丨爻亘 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賴賵 丕賱禺賷丕乇 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賱賱鬲賯丿賲貙 毓賵囟丕賸 毓賳 賱賵賲 丕賱丌禺乇 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 賵 廿毓賮丕亍 丕賱匕丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱禺胤兀. 賮賰賱 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲匕賰賵乇丞 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賴賷 賲鬲賵乇胤丞 賮賷 丕賱兀匕賶 丕賱丨丕氐賱 賱卮毓賵亘賴丕 賵 賷噩亘 兀賳 鬲毓鬲乇賮 亘匕賱賰貙 賵 兀賵賱 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱 胤亘毓丕賸 賴賷 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞.
丕賱賲丐賱賮 亘賮毓賱賴 亘賴匕丕貙 賱丕 賷亘丿賵 賱賷 亘兀賳賴 賲賴鬲賲 丨賯丕賸 亘賲爻丕毓丿丞 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲鬲囟乇乇丞 賲賳 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱兀賲乇賷賰賷 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 賰賵賳賴 賲賴鬲賲 亘廿賱丨丕賯 丕賱兀匕賶 賱亘賳賷丞 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞 賱兀爻亘丕亘 兀賷丿賷賵賱賵噩賷丞 卮禺氐賷丞貙 賮賴賵 賰廿卮鬲乇丕賰賷 賷乇賶 亘兀賳 丕賱乇兀爻賲丕賱賷丞 賴賷 兀丨丿 丕賱兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞 賱賱鬲丿禺賱丕鬲 丕賱兀賲乇賷賰賷丞 - 廿賳 賱賲 鬲賰賳 丕賱爻亘亘 丕賱賰丕賮賷 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴 - 賮賷 卮丐賵賳 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱兀禺乇賶貙 賵 亘兀賳 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱卮賷賵毓賷丞 賵 丕賱丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀囟乇鬲 卮毓賵亘賴丕 賱賲 鬲賯賲 亘匕賱賰 廿賱丕 亘鬲丨乇賷囟 賲亘丕卮乇 賲賳 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞貙 賵 亘丿賵賳 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲丨乇賷囟 丕賱兀賲賵乇 賰丕賳鬲 爻鬲爻賷乇 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷乇丕賲.
卮禺氐賷丕賸 兀乇賶 亘兀賳 鬲丨賲賷賱 賰賱 胤乇賮 賲爻丐賵賱賷丞 兀賮毓丕賱賴 賵 賲乇丕噩毓丞 丕賱匕丕鬲 丨爻亘 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賴賵 丕賱禺賷丕乇 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賱賱鬲賯丿賲貙 毓賵囟丕賸 毓賳 賱賵賲 丕賱丌禺乇 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 賵 廿毓賮丕亍 丕賱匕丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱禺胤兀. 賮賰賱 丕賱丿賵賱 丕賱賲匕賰賵乇丞 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賴賷 賲鬲賵乇胤丞 賮賷 丕賱兀匕賶 丕賱丨丕氐賱 賱卮毓賵亘賴丕 賵 賷噩亘 兀賳 鬲毓鬲乇賮 亘匕賱賰貙 賵 兀賵賱 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱 胤亘毓丕賸 賴賷 丕賱賵賱丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲丨丿丞.
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