Mikhail Sholokhov (1905-1984), a Lenin and Nobel Prize winner, was one of the world's major modern writers. His novel Virgin Soil Upturned, dealing with the collectivization of countryside in the USSR, has been translated into 75 languages and published in over thirty million copies. In 1932 the journal Novy Mir Published the first part of the novel, and that same year Sholokhov announced that he had begun work on the second part. Due to war-time disruptions, including destruction of the near-complete manuscript during World War II, the second part did not appear until 1960.
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov was awarded the 1965 Nobel Prize in Literature "for the artistic power and integrity with which, in his epic of the Don, he has given expression to a historic phase in the life of the Russian people."
Virgin Soil Upturned, Book 1, Mikhail Sholokhov Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov (May 24 [O.S. May 11] 1905 � February 21, 1984) was a Soviet/Russian novelist and winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Literature. He is known for writing about life and fate of Don Cossacks during the Russian Revolution, the civil war and the period of collectivization, primarily the famous And Quiet Flows the Don. تاریخ نخستین خوانش: چهاردهم ماه جولای سال 1970 میلادی عنوان: زمین نوآباد - جلد یکم؛ نویسنده: میخائیل شولوخف؛ مترجم: م.ا. به آذین (محمود اعتمادزاده)؛ تهران، نیل، 1348، در دو جلد؛ چاپ دوم 1357؛ چاپ دیگر: تهران، سرو، 1363؛ موضوع: داستانهای نویسندگان روسیه قرن 20 م ا. شربیانی
There are moments of great lyrical beauty here in the descriptions of nature and in places where the old world of the Cossacks peeks through the party rhetoric, as in the beginning of the affair between Andrei and Marina. In these parts of the book I could feel the presence of the author of Quiet Flows the Don. But the rest of the book is the poorly written rant of a party hack. It almost feels like there were two authors. Although the story does show some of the ups and downs in the process of collectivization, and even sometimes displays a bit of sympathy for the farmers who resisted, it is largely a whitewash of a brutal and misguided process where the best farmers were branded as kulaks, had their property confiscated and were sent into exile, while the less successful were herded into collective farms and bullied into compliance. The result, predictably, was mass starvation and effective genocide that reduced the population of the Don Cossacks to half of the pre-WWI level by the time the drive for collectivization was over. None of this is even hinted at in this book that was written more than a decade after the disastrous results of collectivization were well known, at least to people at the top. In the book, the only Bolshevik who is guilty of any misbehavior is Makar Nalgunov who beats one middle peasant and imprisons three others overnight to force them to go along with the collectivization program; for this he is threatened with expulsion from the party as a left deviationist in the wake of Stalin's famous Dizzy With Success article that signaled a temporary retrenchment in collectivization. But all is forgiven and by the end he is readmitted to the party as a honored servant of the World Revolution. The only truth here is that most of Stalin's henchmen got theirs from their beloved leader not long after they finished dishing out a heaping helping of suffering to the rest of the country. So was Sholokhov a coward, a fool, a misguided apologist for a cause that he considered noble or a knowing servant of evil who willingly participated to ensure his own survival? Probably all of the above.
I wanted to read more Sholokhov after "The Quiet Don". Unfortunately, "Virgin Soil Upturned" pales in comparison. It's not bad, it's just that the bar was set too high.
Anyway, this is fictional account of Soviet collectivization of a Cossack farm in the late 1920's. It's a bit more propaganda-ish than "The Quiet Don", but there is still a lot of content that I'm surprised passed Stalin's censors. The story itself is compelling enough that I'm going to jump right into Part Two.
The downside of reading a book like this is I expect my next book to be at least closely as good as this one. A tough challenge for all those authors out there. Mikhail Sholokhov is no joke, he got a Noble !. Didn't feel like going though 900 pages even though the book was heavy to hold. Sholokhov's view on communism was brutally blunt. That's why he was even banned from Russia. Davydov is one of my favorite fictional characters now. He was misguided but such an inspiration for the youth.
This is a work of the social realist school which from our perspective means that it is totally devoid of any literary merit. However, it is the best account we have of the collectiviaztion process and the life inside the collectives. As an historical document it is of enormous value.
Geçen günlerde yitirdiğimiz Değerli Çevirmen Nihal Yeğinobalı'nın yıllar önce çevirdiği "Uyandırılmış Toprak" romanı, Sovyet Yazar Şolohov'un Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü kazanmasında etkili olmuş çok önemli bir roman! Şolohov, "Uyandırılmış Toprak" romanında, Sovyet Rusya ve Sovyet Ukrayna ile ilgili "benzersiz" öyküler anlatıyor. Sovyetler Birliği'nin kuruluşu ardından, 1924 yılında, Sovyet Lider Lenin'in vefatı ile, Sovyet Liderliği'ni Stalin devralmıştı, Stalin'in başlattığı bir çok reformlardan biri de, "toprakların kamulaştırılması" idi, bu yönde "Kolhoz"lar, "Sovhoz"lar ("üretme çiftlikleri") kuruldu, "kooperatifçilik" yaygınlaştırıldı. Şolohov, "Uyandırılmış Toprak" romanını Sovyetler'de "toprakların kamulaştırılması" yıllarından öykülerle kurguluyor, Sovyet Komünist Partisi Müfettişi David'in Sovyet kasabalarında, köylerinde yaptığı araştırmalar, romanı oluşturuyor. Şolohov'un "Uyandırılmış Toprak" romanı, Sovyetler Birliği'nin kuruluş yıllarından İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarına "kırsal tarihi"ni, "köylü tarihi"ni, Sovyet Komünist Partisi tarihini anlamak için mutlaka okunması gereken kitaplardan biridir, Türkçe'de "benzersiz" bir roman "Uyandırılmış Toprak", Değerli Çevirmen Nihal Yeğinobalı'nın da bir "hatıra"sı!
کتاب زندگی مردم روسیه رو در سالهای اولیه انقلاب به تصویر میکشه شولوخوف استاد تصویر سازی با کلماته ولی به گمانم تمام قدرتش رو در دن آرام خرج کرده بوده ویا اینکه روسیه تزاری تصویر پر نقش تری از شووروی کمونیست در ذهن نویسنده داشته
A powerful piece of Russian literature (volume 1 of a series), written by a committed communist, but one with his eyes open. The story unfolds in a little Don Cossack village in the early Stalin years where voluntary collectivization is being established (Part of the NEP). New versus old ways are sensitively described. Sholokhov passionately believes in the new order, but is repectful of those who still cling to the old ways ... except the Kulaks! Particularly beautiful are the beginnings of several chapters where the changing of the seasons are lovingly described. The sky. The earth. The mists. The smells. The characters are real people, not proto-people, and the story is not one-dimensional. Sholokhov, while a man of the people is also a man of the land.
یاکوف لوکیچ که در اجرای دستور پولووتسف بیش ازاندازه خوش خدمتی کرده بود، چیزی نماند که بر سر این کار سمت کارپردازی کالخوز را از دست بدهد. «با این تدبیر ورزوهاشان یخ می زنند! آنها، بس که احمق اند، باور می کنند که تو این کار را برای نظافت می کنی. ولی اسب ها را خوب مواظبشان باش. طوری که اگر لازم بود هم امروز آماده خدمت جنگی باشند.» شب پیش پولووتسف با وی چنین گفته بود. یاکوف لوکیچ هم گفته او را به اجرا درآورده بود.
I read this during a 3-year Russian reading kick I was on. It was pretty good. My Russian pen pal in Siberia told me that Sholokhov had been a mainstream (approved) Soviet writer and to keep that in mind. Still, it was worth reading from a historical perspective.