Jim's bookshelf: all en-US Fri, 28 Feb 2025 03:52:28 -0800 60 Jim's bookshelf: all 144 41 /images/layout/goodreads_logo_144.jpg <![CDATA[Lady at the O.K. Corral: The True Story of Josephine Marcus Earp]]> 15819565 320 Ann Kirschner 0062199005 Jim 0 to-read 3.24 2013 Lady at the O.K. Corral: The True Story of Josephine Marcus Earp
author: Ann Kirschner
name: Jim
average rating: 3.24
book published: 2013
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2025/02/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Into the Bright Sunshine: Young Hubert Humphrey and the Fight for Civil Rights]]> 63117982 From one of the country's most distinguished journalists, a revisionist and riveting look at the American politician whom history has judged a loser, yet who played a key part in the greatest social movement of the 20th century.

As Samuel G. Freedman points out, Hubert Humphrey's public life began and ended in disgrace. Humphrey started out as an outlier in the post-war Democratic Party and ended the same--as the man who lost his bearings during the Vietnam War and then lost the presidency to Richard Nixon. Freedman therefore has not written a hagiography of Humphrey. Instead, he uses the stock characterization of Humphrey to illuminate his most triumphant early career, when his early efforts to promote racial justice not only transformed the Democratic Party (with its hardcore Dixiecrat, anti-integrationist element) but the nation as well. Humphrey was "woke" before anyone else in his party and he dragged them into the light. As Freedman shows, Humphrey's 1948 speech to the Democratic Convention electrified the nation. At the age of 37--younger than Beto O'Rourke, Andrew Gillum, and Stacey Abrams are today--he picked up the mantle of civil rights and carried it forward. Here is the Humphrey few know, and,
after reading Freedman's book, no one will forget.]]>
336 Samuel G. Freedman 0197535194 Jim 0 to-read 4.24 2023 Into the Bright Sunshine: Young Hubert Humphrey and the Fight for Civil Rights
author: Samuel G. Freedman
name: Jim
average rating: 4.24
book published: 2023
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2025/02/12
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[An Unfinished Love Story: A Personal History of the 1960s]]> 196585876 An Unfinished Love A Personal History of the 1960s by Doris Kearns Goodwin, one of America’s most beloved historians, artfully weaves together biography, memoir, and history. She takes you along on the emotional journey she and her husband, Richard (Dick) Goodwin embarked upon in the last years of his life.

Dick and Doris Goodwin were married for forty-two years and married to American history even longer. In his twenties, Dick was one of the brilliant young men of John F. Kennedy’s New Frontier. In his thirties he both named and helped design Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society and was a speechwriter and close advisor to Robert Kennedy. Doris Kearns was a twenty-four-year-old graduate student when selected as a White House Fellow. She worked directly for Lyndon Johnson and later assisted on his memoir.

Over the years, with humor, anger, frustration, and in the end, a growing understanding, Dick and Doris had argued over the achievements and failings of the leaders they served and observed, debating the progress and unfinished promises of the country they both loved.

The Goodwins� last great adventure involved finally opening the more than three hundred boxes of letters, diaries, documents, and memorabilia that Dick had saved for more than fifty years. They soon realized they had before them an unparalleled personal time capsule of the 1960s, illuminating public and private moments of a decade when individuals were powered by the conviction they could make a difference; a time, like today, marked by struggles for racial and economic justice, a time when lines were drawn and loyalties tested.

Their expedition gave Dick’s last years renewed purpose and determination. It gave Doris the opportunity to connect and reconnect with participants and witnesses of pivotal moments of the 1960s. And it gave them both an opportunity to make fresh assessments of the central figures of the time—John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr., Robert Kennedy, Eugene McCarthy, and especially Lyndon Johnson, who greatly impacted both their lives. The voyage of remembrance brought unexpected discoveries, forgiveness, and the renewal of old dreams, reviving the hope that the youth of today will carry forward this unfinished love story with America.]]>
480 Doris Kearns Goodwin 1982108665 Jim 5
My only disappointment were those largely left out because neither Doris nor John Goodwin interacted with them. The figures involved with the space race are mostly absent, and giants like my personal political hero, Hubert Humphrey, are only mentioned when they briefly entered the orbit of JFK, LBJ and RFK during those times when the Goodwins were working with them. This is understandable of course as this is a personal history.
]]>
4.54 2024 An Unfinished Love Story: A Personal History of the 1960s
author: Doris Kearns Goodwin
name: Jim
average rating: 4.54
book published: 2024
rating: 5
read at:
date added: 2025/02/08
shelves:
review:
If you didn’t live through the 1960s, or perhaps, like myself you are too young to remember them, this is a great book to read. Up close and personal with the major figures of the day through the wyes of one who worked closely with them. It gave me a new appreciation for Lyndon Johnson.

My only disappointment were those largely left out because neither Doris nor John Goodwin interacted with them. The figures involved with the space race are mostly absent, and giants like my personal political hero, Hubert Humphrey, are only mentioned when they briefly entered the orbit of JFK, LBJ and RFK during those times when the Goodwins were working with them. This is understandable of course as this is a personal history.

]]>
<![CDATA[Bloody Times: The Funeral of Abraham Lincoln and the Manhunt for Jefferson Davis]]> 9738366
This suspense-filled true-crime thriller—the young readers� adaptation of Swanson’s Bloody Crimes—explores two epic events of the Civil War the manhunt to apprehend Confederate president Jefferson Davis in the wake of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination and the momentous 20-day funeral pageant that brought President Lincoln’s body from Washington, DC to his home in Springfield.

Full of fascinating twists and turns, and lavishly illustrated with dozens of rare historical images, Bloody Times captures the riveting stories of these two fallen leaders who changed the course of history. It’s perfect for young readers who enjoy dramatic nonfiction tales from the likes of Steve Sheinkin and Patricia McCormick.

This book contains a note from the author, a glossary, a list of important Civil War figures, and a guide to visiting the historic sites mentioned within. A companion to the bestselling and highly acclaimed Chasing Lincoln's Killer.]]>
208 James L. Swanson Jim 0 to-read 4.31 2010 Bloody Times: The Funeral of Abraham Lincoln and the Manhunt for Jefferson Davis
author: James L. Swanson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.31
book published: 2010
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2024/09/17
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Oath and Honor: A Memoir and a Warning]]> 134156069 Read by Liz Cheney with 50+ audio source material clips included, Oath and Honor is a gripping first-hand account from inside the halls of Congress as Donald Trump and his enablers betrayed the American people and the Constitution—leading to the violent attack on our Capitol on January 6th, 2021—by the House Republican leader who dared to stand up to it.

In the aftermath of the 2020 presidential election, Donald Trump and many around him, including certain other elected Republican officials, intentionally breached their oath to the Constitution: they ignored the rulings of dozens of courts, plotted to overturn a lawful election, and provoked a violent attack on our Capitol.

Liz Cheney, one of the few Republican officials to take a stand against these efforts, witnessed the attack first-hand, and then helped lead the Congressional Select Committee investigation into how it happened. In Oath and Honor, she tells the story of this perilous moment in our history, those who helped Trump spread the stolen election lie, those whose actions preserved our constitutional framework, and the risks we still face.]]>
381 Liz Cheney 031657208X Jim 4 4.58 2023 Oath and Honor: A Memoir and a Warning
author: Liz Cheney
name: Jim
average rating: 4.58
book published: 2023
rating: 4
read at:
date added: 2024/01/14
shelves:
review:

]]>
The Shipping News 7354
A vigorous, darkly comic, and at times magical portrait of the contemporary American family, The Shipping News shows why E. Annie Proulx is recognized as one of the most gifted and original writers in America today.
(back cover)]]>
337 Annie Proulx 0743225422 Jim 5
After a rough start I ended up really enjoying this book quite a bit.

The main problem I had at the beginning was the writing style. A lot of short clipped sentences with no transition between them caught me off guard at first. In some cases years in the life of the main character � Quoyle � are related in less than 20 words. However as I read more I found myself getting used to it, and by the end really enjoying how it made the story flow.

In the end this is a lovely story of a man, generally a failure, who finds himself and his niche in life by moving to Newfoundland � the ancestral home of his family. There he finds his place in life among a series of very quirkly and eclectic set of people.

The author stated in an interview the inspiration for this work was a book about knots…specicially knots used by those whose livelihood is based on the sea. Most chapters start with a brief description of a knot and its purpose; that description becomes the theme for what happens to the characters during its course. A very cool way to tell the story of the main character � Quoyle � whose name is a form of the word coil; an integral part of all of the knots described in the book.

If it sounds on the surface this book is free from the kind of tragedy and depravity that is endemic to our species fear not…it is there. Murder, rape, accidental death, crime and punishment are all a part of the story. Yet, by the end I think you will find yoruself uplifted.

Highly Recommended!!

]]>
3.88 1993 The Shipping News
author: Annie Proulx
name: Jim
average rating: 3.88
book published: 1993
rating: 5
read at: 2014/08/14
date added: 2023/10/31
shelves:
review:
The Shipping News by E. Annie Proulx is a book I had never heard of until I started my Bucket List project. However, everyone I talked to about it seems to have read it. It reaffirms the necessity of my taking on this reading project. As with the other works of fiction I have read recently I am not going to go into a whole lot of detail as there may be a very few of you that has not read it.

After a rough start I ended up really enjoying this book quite a bit.

The main problem I had at the beginning was the writing style. A lot of short clipped sentences with no transition between them caught me off guard at first. In some cases years in the life of the main character � Quoyle � are related in less than 20 words. However as I read more I found myself getting used to it, and by the end really enjoying how it made the story flow.

In the end this is a lovely story of a man, generally a failure, who finds himself and his niche in life by moving to Newfoundland � the ancestral home of his family. There he finds his place in life among a series of very quirkly and eclectic set of people.

The author stated in an interview the inspiration for this work was a book about knots…specicially knots used by those whose livelihood is based on the sea. Most chapters start with a brief description of a knot and its purpose; that description becomes the theme for what happens to the characters during its course. A very cool way to tell the story of the main character � Quoyle � whose name is a form of the word coil; an integral part of all of the knots described in the book.

If it sounds on the surface this book is free from the kind of tragedy and depravity that is endemic to our species fear not…it is there. Murder, rape, accidental death, crime and punishment are all a part of the story. Yet, by the end I think you will find yoruself uplifted.

Highly Recommended!!


]]>
<![CDATA[Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor]]> 17255262
"Randall's Benedict Arnold is one of the finest political biographies published in years." - London Times Literary Supplement]]>
791 Willard Sterne Randall 1612306063 Jim 0 currently-reading 4.10 2012 Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor
author: Willard Sterne Randall
name: Jim
average rating: 4.10
book published: 2012
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2023/02/20
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Happy Days Are Here Again: The 1932 Democratic Convention, the Emergence of FDR - and How America Was Changed Forever]]> 9376611 Political conventions in years past were more than pep rallies for preselected candidates -- they were suspenseful, no-holds-barred battles for the nomination. In 1932, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the man who would become one of America's most beloved presidents, was far from a shoo-in for the Democratic nomination at the party's convention in Chicago. Using new sources of information, award-winning reporter Steve Neal weaves the compelling story of how FDR finally got the nod along with the personalities of the day who influenced the decision, including Joseph P. Kennedy, Al Smith, Huey Long, and William Randolph Hearst.

]]>
386 Steve Neal Jim 0 currently-reading 4.19 2004 Happy Days Are Here Again: The 1932 Democratic Convention, the Emergence of FDR - and How America Was Changed Forever
author: Steve Neal
name: Jim
average rating: 4.19
book published: 2004
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2023/02/20
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Robert E. Lee and Me: A Southerner's Reckoning with the Myth of the Lost Cause]]> 53138120
In a forceful but humane narrative, former soldier and head of the West Point history department Ty Seidule's Robert E. Lee and Me challenges the myths and lies of the Confederate legacy—and explores why some of this country’s oldest wounds have never healed.

Ty Seidule grew up revering Robert E. Lee. From his southern childhood to his service in the U.S. Army, every part of his life reinforced the Lost Cause myth: that Lee was the greatest man who ever lived, and that the Confederates were underdogs who lost the Civil War with honor. Now, as a retired brigadier general and Professor Emeritus of History at West Point, his view has radically changed. From a soldier, a scholar, and a southerner, Ty Seidule believes that American history demands a reckoning.

In a unique blend of history and reflection, Seidule deconstructs the truth about the Confederacy—that its undisputed primary goal was the subjugation and enslavement of Black Americans—and directly challenges the idea of honoring those who labored to preserve that system and committed treason in their failed attempt to achieve it. Through the arc of Seidule’s own life, as well as the culture that formed him, he seeks a path to understanding why the facts of the Civil War have remained buried beneath layers of myth and even outright lies—and how they embody a cultural gulf that separates millions of Americans to this day.

Part history lecture, part meditation on the Civil War and its fallout, and part memoir, Robert E. Lee and Me challenges the deeply-held legends and myths of the Confederacy—and provides a surprising interpretation of essential truths that our country still has a difficult time articulating and accepting.]]>
291 Ty Seidule 1250239265 Jim 4 4.40 2021 Robert E. Lee and Me: A Southerner's Reckoning with the Myth of the Lost Cause
author: Ty Seidule
name: Jim
average rating: 4.40
book published: 2021
rating: 4
read at:
date added: 2022/11/24
shelves:
review:
Well written, valuable account of a dyed in the wool southerner; raised to revere Robert E. Lee, steeped in the lore of the Lost Cause, and how he came to realize all he had believed was a myth. Gives one hope that others might eventually come to a similar reckoning!!!
]]>
<![CDATA[The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History]]> 19074986 A “well-reasoned and timely� (Booklist) essay collection interrogates the Lost Cause myth in Civil War historiography.   Was the Confederacy doomed from the start in its struggle against the superior might of the Union? Did its forces fight heroically against all odds for the cause of states� rights? In reality, these suggestions are an elaborate and intentional effort on the part of Southerners to rationalize the secession and the war itself. Unfortunately, skillful propagandists have been so successful in promoting this romanticized view that the Lost Cause has assumed a life of its own. Misrepresenting the war’s true origins and its actual course, the myth of the Lost Cause distorts our national memory. In The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History, nine historians describe and analyze the Lost Cause, identifying ways in which it falsifies history—creating a volume that makes a significant contribution to Civil War historiography.   “The Lost Cause . . . is a tangible and influential phenomenon in American culture and this book provides an excellent source for anyone seeking to explore its various dimensions.� —Southern Historian]]> 240 Gary W. Gallagher Jim 0 currently-reading 4.05 2000 The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History
author: Gary W. Gallagher
name: Jim
average rating: 4.05
book published: 2000
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/11/20
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
Jane Eyre 10210 Alternate editions can be found here and here.

A gothic masterpiece of tempestuous passions and dark secrets, Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre is edited with an introduction and notes by Stevie Davis in Penguin Classics.

Charlotte Brontë tells the story of orphaned Jane Eyre, who grows up in the home of her heartless aunt, enduring loneliness and cruelty. This troubled childhood strengthens Jane's natural independence and spirit - which prove necessary when she finds employment as a governess to the young ward of Byronic, brooding Mr Rochester. As her feelings for Rochester develop, Jane gradually uncovers Thornfield Hall's terrible secret, forcing her to make a choice. Should she stay with Rochester and live with the consequences, or follow her convictions - even if it means leaving the man she loves? A novel of intense power and intrigue, Jane Eyre dazzled readers with its passionate depiction of a woman's search for equality and freedom.]]>
532 Charlotte Brontë 0142437204 Jim 0 currently-reading 4.14 1847 Jane Eyre
author: Charlotte Brontë
name: Jim
average rating: 4.14
book published: 1847
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/10/15
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
The Old Man and the Sea 2165 Librarian's note: An alternate cover edition can be found here

This short novel, already a modern classic, is the superbly told, tragic story of a Cuban fisherman in the Gulf Stream and the giant Marlin he kills and loses—specifically referred to in the citation accompanying the author's Nobel Prize for literature in 1954.]]>
96 Ernest Hemingway 0684830493 Jim 0 currently-reading 3.81 1952 The Old Man and the Sea
author: Ernest Hemingway
name: Jim
average rating: 3.81
book published: 1952
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/10/06
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
Madame Bovary 17937156 225 Gustave Flaubert Jim 5 3.69 1856 Madame Bovary
author: Gustave Flaubert
name: Jim
average rating: 3.69
book published: 1856
rating: 5
read at: 2022/10/04
date added: 2022/10/04
shelves:
review:

]]>
A Tale of Two Cities 1953 A Tale of Two Cities is Charles Dickens’s great historical novel, set against the violent upheaval of the French Revolution. The most famous and perhaps the most popular of his works, it compresses an event of immense complexity to the scale of a family history, with a cast of characters that includes a bloodthirsty ogress and an antihero as believably flawed as any in modern fiction. Though the least typical of the author’s novels, A Tale of Two Cities still underscores many of his enduring themes—imprisonment, injustice, social anarchy, resurrection, and the renunciation that fosters renewal.]]> 489 Charles Dickens 0141439602 Jim 5 3.86 1859 A Tale of Two Cities
author: Charles Dickens
name: Jim
average rating: 3.86
book published: 1859
rating: 5
read at:
date added: 2022/10/04
shelves:
review:

]]>
A Doll's House 18043934 167 Henrik Ibsen Jim 0 currently-reading 3.95 1879 A Doll's House
author: Henrik Ibsen
name: Jim
average rating: 3.95
book published: 1879
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/09/17
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
Persuasion 8130027 170 Jane Austen Jim 0 currently-reading 4.36 1817 Persuasion
author: Jane Austen
name: Jim
average rating: 4.36
book published: 1817
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/09/17
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Works of Edgar Allan Poe: Volume 1 (The Works of Edgar Allan Poe #1)]]> 8158028
contains:
Edgar Allan Poe, An Appreciation, by W.H.R.
Life of Poe, by James Russell Lowell
Death of Poe, by N. P. Willis
The Unparalled Adventures of One Hans Pfall
The Gold Bug
Four Beasts in One
The Murders in the Rue Morgue (Audio version)
The Mystery of Marie RogĂŞt
The Balloon Hoax
MS. Found in a Bottle
The Oval Portrait]]>
206 Edgar Allan Poe Jim 0 currently-reading 4.37 1894 The Works of Edgar Allan Poe: Volume 1 (The Works of Edgar Allan Poe #1)
author: Edgar Allan Poe
name: Jim
average rating: 4.37
book published: 1894
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/09/17
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
The Scarlet Letter 20573485
[with Biographical Introduction]]]>
160 Nathaniel Hawthorne 1596740574 Jim 5 3.60 1850 The Scarlet Letter
author: Nathaniel Hawthorne
name: Jim
average rating: 3.60
book published: 1850
rating: 5
read at: 2022/09/17
date added: 2022/09/17
shelves:
review:

]]>
The Idiot 15827124 795 Fyodor Dostoevsky Jim 0 currently-reading 4.03 1869 The Idiot
author: Fyodor Dostoevsky
name: Jim
average rating: 4.03
book published: 1869
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/08/22
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
To the Lighthouse 18875993 This unique edition of To the Lighthouse from Dead Dodo Vintage includes the full original text as well as exclusive features not available in other editions.


To the Lighthouse is a 1927 novel by Virginia Woolf. A landmark novel of high modernism, the text, which centres on the Ramsays and their visits to the Isle of Skye in Scotland between 1910 and 1920, skilfully manipulates temporal and psychological elements.


To the Lighthouse follows and extends the tradition of modernist novelists like Marcel Proust and James Joyce, where the plot is secondary to philosophical introspection, and the prose can be winding and hard to follow. The novel includes little dialogue and almost no action; most of it is written as thoughts and observations. The novel recalls childhood emotions and highlights adult relationships. Among the book's many tropes and themes are those of loss, subjectivity, and the problem of perception.


In 1998, the Modern Library named “To the Lighthouse� number 15 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.


In 2005, the novel was chosen by TIME magazine as one of the one hundred best English-language novels from 1923 to present.


Large parts of Woolf's novel do not concern themselves with the objects of vision, but rather investigate the means of perception, attempting to understand people in the act of looking. In order to be able to understand thought, Woolf's diaries reveal, the author would spend considerable time listening to herself think, observing how and which words and emotions arose in her own mind in response to what she saw.

]]>
240 Virginia Woolf Jim 0 currently-reading 3.93 1927 To the Lighthouse
author: Virginia Woolf
name: Jim
average rating: 3.93
book published: 1927
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/08/22
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
The Wind in the Willows 18073799 “All this he saw, for one moment breathless and intense, vivid on the morning sky; and still, as he looked, he lived; and still, as he lived, he wondered.�

For more than a century, The Wind in the Willows and its endearing protagonists—Mole, Water Rat, Badger, and, of course, the incorrigible Toad—have enchanted children of all ages. Whether the four friends are setting forth on an exciting adventure, engaging in a comic caper, or simply relaxing by the River Thames, their stories will surprise and captivate you.

Hailed as one of the most enduringly popular works of the twentieth century, this story is a classic of magical fancy and enchanting wit. Penned in lyrical prose, the adventures and misadventures of the book’s intrepid quartet of heroes raise fantasy to the level of myth. Reflecting the freshness of childhood wonder, it still offers adults endless sophistication, substance, and depth.

The animals� world embodies the author’s wry, whimsical, and unfailingly inventive imagination. It is a world that succeeding generations of both adult and young readers have found irresistible. But why say more? To use the words of the estimable Mr. Toad himself: “Travel, change, interest, excitement!...Come inside.�]]>
191 Kenneth Grahame Jim 0 currently-reading 4.20 1908 The Wind in the Willows
author: Kenneth Grahame
name: Jim
average rating: 4.20
book published: 1908
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2022/08/22
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[PRIDE AND PREJUDICE (Illustrated)]]> 28235872 At the turn of eighteenth-century England, spirited Elizabeth Bennet copes with the suit of the snobbish Mr. Darcy while trying to sort out the romantic entanglements of two of her sisters, sweet and beautiful Jane and scatterbrained Lydia.]]> 339 Jane Austen Jim 4 4.00 1813 PRIDE AND PREJUDICE (Illustrated)
author: Jane Austen
name: Jim
average rating: 4.00
book published: 1813
rating: 4
read at: 2022/08/22
date added: 2022/08/22
shelves:
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Court Martial of Robert E. Lee: A Novel]]> 18174073
In The Court Martial of Robert E. Lee, a discouraged Confederate Congress summons General Lee to Richmond in December 1863, to face a board of inquiry on the Battle of Gettysburg. Through this speculative board of inquiry, the reader is drawn into the true history of the Army of Northern Virginia and the real political personalities and true political intrigue of Richmond in 1863. Will General Lee be relieved of command? Perhaps sent into retirement borne of catastrophic failure, leaving behind forever his beloved Army of Northern Virginia?

The reader feels his pain and the anguish of a defeated general who wrote four months after Gettysburg that, "My heart and thoughts will always be with this army."]]>
480 Douglas Savage 1589799399 Jim 0 to-read 3.50 1993 The Court Martial of Robert E. Lee: A Novel
author: Douglas Savage
name: Jim
average rating: 3.50
book published: 1993
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2021/10/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Solid State: The Story of Abbey Road and the End of the Beatles]]> 45008408 Abbey Road.

In February 1969, the Beatles began working on what became their final album together. Abbey Road introduced a number of new techniques and technologies to the Beatles' sound, and included "Come Together," "Something," and "Here Comes the Sun," which all emerged as classics.

Womack's colorful retelling of how this landmark album was written and recorded is a treat for fans of the Beatles. Solid State takes readers back to 1969 and into EMI's Abbey Road Studio, which boasted an advanced solid state transistor mixing desk. Womack focuses on the dynamics between John, Paul, George, Ringo, and producer George Martin and his team of engineers, who set aside (for the most part) the tensions and conflicts that had arisen on previous albums to create a work with an innovative (and, among some fans and critics, controversial) studio-bound sound that prominently included the new Moog synthesizer, among other novelties.

As Womack shows, Abbey Road was the culmination of the instrumental skills, recording equipment, and artistic vision that the band and George Martin had developed since their early days in the same studio seven years earlier. A testament to the group's creativity and their producer's ingenuity, Solid State is required reading for all fans of the Beatles and the history of rock 'n' roll.]]>
288 Kenneth Womack 1501746855 Jim 5 4.11 2013 Solid State: The Story of Abbey Road and the End of the Beatles
author: Kenneth Womack
name: Jim
average rating: 4.11
book published: 2013
rating: 5
read at: 2019/09/28
date added: 2020/10/17
shelves:
review:
Detailed but very readable account of the Beatles final days as they worked to complete their iconic Abbey Road album. A lot of technical information on the recording techniques and equipment that made the album so unique, but also great behind the scenes info on how they were able to pull together even as business, addiction, and a desire to explore life outside the Beatles was pulling them apart. The account of their breakup and how it affected each of them was quite moving at times. If you are a Beatles fan this is a must read.
]]>
Ulysses 18944424 442 James Joyce Jim 0 currently-reading 3.63 1922 Ulysses
author: James Joyce
name: Jim
average rating: 3.63
book published: 1922
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/10/14
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Genealogical memoranda of the Quisenberry family and other families, including the names of Chenault, Cameron, Mullins, Burris, Tandy, Bush, Broomhall, Finkle, Rigg, and others]]> 24822073 229 Anderson Chenault Quisenberry Jim 0 currently-reading 1.00 2010 Genealogical memoranda of the Quisenberry family and other families, including the names of Chenault, Cameron, Mullins, Burris, Tandy, Bush, Broomhall, Finkle, Rigg, and others
author: Anderson Chenault Quisenberry
name: Jim
average rating: 1.00
book published: 2010
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/06/18
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815]]> 8148527 As Wood reveals, the period was marked by tumultuous change in all aspects of American life--in politics, society, economy, and culture. The men who founded the new government had high hopes for the future, but few of their hopes and dreams worked out quite as they expected. They hated political parties but parties nonetheless emerged. Some wanted the United States to become a great fiscal-military state like those of Britain and France; others wanted the country to remain a rural agricultural state very different from the European states. Instead, by 1815 the United States became something neither group anticipated. Many leaders expected American culture to flourish and surpass that of Europe; instead it became popularized and vulgarized. The leaders also hope to see the end of slavery; instead, despite the release of many slaves and the end of slavery in the North, slavery was stronger in 1815 than it had been in 1789. Many wanted to avoid entanglements with Europe, but instead the country became involved in Europe's wars and ended up waging another war with the former mother country. Still, with a new generation emerging by 1815, most Americans were confident and optimistic about the future of their country.
Named a New York Times Notable Book, Empire of Liberty offers a marvelous account of this pivotal era when America took its first unsteady steps as a new and rapidly expanding nation.]]>
801 Gordon S. Wood 0199741093 Jim 0 currently-reading 4.32 2009 Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815
author: Gordon S. Wood
name: Jim
average rating: 4.32
book published: 2009
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/05/03
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Vineyard of Liberty, 1787�1863 (The American Experiment Book 1)]]> 19109161 A Pulitzer Prize winner looks at the course of American history from the birth of the Constitution to the dawn of the Civil War.  The years between 1787 and 1863 witnessed the development of the American Nation—its society, politics, customs, culture, and, most important, the development of liberty. Burns explores the key events in the republic’s early decades, as well as the roles of heroes from Washington to Lincoln and of lesser-known figures. Captivating and insightful, Burns’s history combines the color and texture of early American life with meticulous scholarship. Focusing on the tensions leading up to the Civil War, Burns brilliantly shows how Americans became divided over the meaning of Liberty. Vineyard of Liberty is a sweeping and engrossing narrative of America’s formative years.]]> 576 James MacGregor Burns 1453245286 Jim 0 currently-reading 4.22 1982 The Vineyard of Liberty, 1787–1863 (The American Experiment Book 1)
author: James MacGregor Burns
name: Jim
average rating: 4.22
book published: 1982
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/05/02
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[To Begin the World Over Again: How the American Revolution Devastated the Globe]]> 44174558 The first exploration of the profound and often catastrophic impact the American Revolution had on the rest of the world

While the American Revolution led to domestic peace and liberty, it ultimately had a catastrophic global impact—it strengthened the British Empire and led to widespread persecution and duress. From the opium wars in China to anti-imperial rebellions in Peru to the colonization of Australia—the inspirational impact the American success had on fringe uprisings was outweighed by the influence it had on the tightening fists of oppressive world powers.

Here Matthew Lockwood presents, in vivid detail, the neglected story of this unintended revolution. It sowed the seeds of collapse for the preeminent empires of the early modern era, setting the stage for the global domination of Britain, Russia, and the United States. Lockwood illuminates the forgotten stories and experiences of the communities and individuals who adapted to this new world in which the global balance of power had been drastically altered.]]>
512 Matthew Lockwood 030023225X Jim 0 to-read 3.40 To Begin the World Over Again: How the American Revolution Devastated the Globe
author: Matthew Lockwood
name: Jim
average rating: 3.40
book published:
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/04/13
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Revolution Against Empire: Taxes, Politics, and the Origins of American Independence]]> 32711986 A bold transatlantic history of American independence revealing that 1776 was about far more than taxation without representation

Revolution Against Empire sets the story of American independence within a long and fierce clash over the political and economic future of the British Empire. Justin du Rivage traces this decades-long debate, which pitted neighbors and countrymen against one another, from the War of Austrian Succession to the end of the American Revolution.

As people from Boston to Bengal grappled with the growing burdens of imperial rivalry and fantastically expensive warfare, some argued that austerity and new colonial revenue were urgently needed to rescue Britain from unsustainable taxes and debts. Others insisted that Britain ought to treat its colonies as relative equals and promote their prosperity. Drawing from archival research in the United States, Britain, and France, this book shows how disputes over taxation, public debt, and inequality sparked the American Revolution—and reshaped the British Empire.]]>
352 Justin du Rivage 0300214243 Jim 0 to-read 4.05 2017 Revolution Against Empire: Taxes, Politics, and the Origins of American Independence
author: Justin du Rivage
name: Jim
average rating: 4.05
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/04/13
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
Grant 34237826
Before the Civil War, Grant was flailing. His business ventures had been dismal, and despite distinguished service in the Mexican War, he ended up resigning from the army in disgrace amid recurring accusations of drunkenness. But in the Civil War, Grant began to realize his remarkable potential, soaring through the ranks of the Union army, prevailing at the Battle of Shiloh and in the Vicksburg campaign and ultimately defeating the legendary Confederate general Robert E. Lee after a series of unbelievably bloody battles in Virginia. Along the way Grant endeared himself to President Lincoln and became his most trusted general and the strategic genius of the war effort. His military fame translated into a two-term presidency, but one plagued by corruption scandals involving his closest staff. All the while Grant himself remained more or less above reproach. But, more importantly, he never failed to seek freedom and justice for black Americans, working to crush the Ku Klux Klan and earning the admiration of Frederick Douglass, who called him 'the vigilant, firm, impartial, and wise protector of my race." After his presidency, he was again brought low by a trusted colleague, this time a dashing young swindler on Wall Street, but he resuscitated his image by working with Mark Twain to publish his memoirs, which are recognized as a masterpiece of the genre.

With his famous lucidity, breadth, and meticulousness, Chernow finds the threads that bind these disparate stories together, shedding new light on the man whom Walt Whitman described as "nothing heroic... and yet the greatest hero." His probing portrait of Grant's lifelong struggle with alcoholism transforms our understanding of the man at the deepest level. This is America's greatest biographer, bringing movingly to life one of America's finest but most underappreciated presidents. The definitive biography, Grant is a grand synthesis of painstaking research and literary brilliance that makes sense of all sides of Grant's life, explaining how this simple Midwesterner could at once be so ordinary and so extraordinary.]]>
1074 Ron Chernow 159420487X Jim 4 American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant, Chernow has produced an excellent treatment of Grant's Presidency, which has undergone something of a reevaluation in recent years (check out C-SPAN's Presidential rankings to see his slow rise). Grant is receiving the belated credit he deserves for his Civil Rights record, and Chernow continues that trend here.

My only complaint involves Chernow's treatment of Grant's drinking problem. In my opinion he gives way too much credit to the reports of Grant's drunkenness supplied by his military and political foes. I found his reasoning thin, and his citations simply don't rise to the level of credibility I think a treatment like this deserves.

Still though, great read that I highly recommend!!]]>
4.46 2017 Grant
author: Ron Chernow
name: Jim
average rating: 4.46
book published: 2017
rating: 4
read at: 2018/07/27
date added: 2020/03/27
shelves:
review:
Another in a series of works by prominent historians, looking to put Grant's life and career into proper perspective - meaning not through the lens of lost cause historians. It's Ron Chernow so you can't go wrong. Very long, very dense, but very readable. Along with Ron C. White in American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant, Chernow has produced an excellent treatment of Grant's Presidency, which has undergone something of a reevaluation in recent years (check out C-SPAN's Presidential rankings to see his slow rise). Grant is receiving the belated credit he deserves for his Civil Rights record, and Chernow continues that trend here.

My only complaint involves Chernow's treatment of Grant's drinking problem. In my opinion he gives way too much credit to the reports of Grant's drunkenness supplied by his military and political foes. I found his reasoning thin, and his citations simply don't rise to the level of credibility I think a treatment like this deserves.

Still though, great read that I highly recommend!!
]]>
<![CDATA[Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen]]> 16199264
Tinderbox --
Little Claus and big Claus --
Princess on the pea --
Thumbelina --
Traveling companion --
Little mermaid --
Emperor's new clothes --
Steadfast tin soldier --
Wild swans --
Flying trunk --
Nightingale --
Sweethearts --
Ugly duckling --
Fir tree --
Snow queen --
Red shoes --
Shepherdess and the chimney sweep --
Shadow --
Old house --
Little match girl --
Story of a mother --
Collar --
Bell --
Marsh King's daughter --
Wind tells of Valdemar Daae and his daughters --
Snowman --
Ice maiden --
Wood nymph --
Most incredible thing --
Auntie toothache.]]>
208 Hans Christian Andersen Jim 0 to-read 4.19 1835 Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen
author: Hans Christian Andersen
name: Jim
average rating: 4.19
book published: 1835
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2020/02/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
Dune (Dune, #1) 43419431 Frank Herbert’s classic masterpiece—a triumph of the imagination and one of the bestselling science fiction novels of all time.

Set on the desert planet Arrakis, Dune is the story of the boy Paul Atreides, heir to a noble family tasked with ruling an inhospitable world where the only thing of value is the “spice� melange, a drug capable of extending life and enhancing consciousness. Coveted across the known universe, melange is a prize worth killing for....

When House Atreides is betrayed, the destruction of Paul’s family will set the boy on a journey toward a destiny greater than he could ever have imagined. And as he evolves into the mysterious man known as Muad’Dib, he will bring to fruition humankind’s most ancient and unattainable dream.

A stunning blend of adventure and mysticism, environmentalism and politics, Dune won the first Nebula Award, shared the Hugo Award, and formed the basis of what is undoubtedly the grandest epic in science fiction.]]>
883 Frank Herbert Jim 0 currently-reading 4.44 1965 Dune (Dune, #1)
author: Frank Herbert
name: Jim
average rating: 4.44
book published: 1965
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/12/17
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
Further Confessions of Zeno 673207 'The Confessions of Zeno', which was only partially completed before Svevo's untimely death in 1928.]]> 302 Italo Svevo 0520017536 Jim 0 to-read 4.12 Further Confessions of Zeno
author: Italo Svevo
name: Jim
average rating: 4.12
book published:
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/10/13
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory (Chronicles)]]> 11661009 Evolution will educate and inform while taking readers on a fascinating journey of discovery.]]> 368 Edward J. Larson Jim 0 currently-reading 4.00 2004 Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory (Chronicles)
author: Edward J. Larson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.00
book published: 2004
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/10/01
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Master of the Senate (The Years of Lyndon Johnson, #3)]]> 8191070 Master of the Senate, Book Three of The Years of Lyndon Johnson, carries Johnson’s story through one of its most remarkable his twelve years, from 1949 to 1960, in the United States Senate. At the heart of the book is its unprecedented revelation of how legislative power works in America, how the Senate works, and how Johnson, in his ascent to the presidency, mastered the Senate as no political leader before him had ever done.   It was during these years that all Johnson’s experience—from his Texas Hill Country boyhood to his passionate representation in Congress of his hardscrabble constituents to his tireless construction of a political machine—came to fruition. Caro introduces the story with a dramatic account of the Senate how Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, and John C. Calhoun had made it the center of governmental energy, the forum in which the great issues of the country were thrashed out. And how, by the time Johnson arrived, it had dwindled into a body that merely responded to executive initiatives, all but impervious to the forces of change. Caro anatomizes the genius for political strategy and tactics by which, in an institution that had made the seniority system all-powerful for a century and more, Johnson became Majority Leader after only a single term-the youngest and greatest Senate Leader in our history; how he manipulated the Senate’s hallowed rules and customs and the weaknesses and strengths of his colleagues to change the “unchangeable� Senate from a loose confederation of sovereign senators to a whirring legislative machine under his own iron-fisted control.   Caro demonstrates how Johnson’s political genius enabled him to reconcile the to retain the support of the southerners who controlled the Senate while earning the trust—or at least the cooperation—of the liberals, led by Paul Douglas and Hubert Humphrey, without whom he could not achieve his goal of winning the presidency. He shows the dark side of Johnson’s how he proved his loyalty to the great oil barons who had financed his rise to power by ruthlessly destroying the career of the New Dealer who was in charge of regulating them, Federal Power Commission Chairman Leland Olds. And we watch him achieve the convincing southerners that although he was firmly in their camp as the anointed successor to their leader, Richard Russell, it was essential that they allow him to make some progress toward civil rights. In a breathtaking tour de force, Caro details Johnson’s amazing triumph in maneuvering to passage the first civil rights legislation since 1875.   Master of the Senate, told with an abundance of rich detail that could only have come from Caro’s peerless research, is both a galvanizing portrait of the man himself—the titan of Capital Hill, volcanic, mesmerizing—and a definitive and revelatory study of the workings and personal and legislative power.]]> 1619 Robert A. Caro 0307422038 Jim 0 currently-reading 4.76 2002 Master of the Senate (The Years of Lyndon Johnson, #3)
author: Robert A. Caro
name: Jim
average rating: 4.76
book published: 2002
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/09/15
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Prairie Fires: The American Dreams of Laura Ingalls Wilder]]> 35214109 WINNER OF THE PULITZER PRIZEWINNER OF THE NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD ONE OF THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW'S 10 BEST BOOKS OF THE YEARThe first comprehensive historical biography of Laura Ingalls Wilder, the beloved author of the Little House on the Prairie booksMillions of readers of Little House on the Prairie believe they know Laura Ingalls—the pioneer girl who survived blizzards and near-starvation on the Great Plains, and the woman who wrote the famous autobiographical books. But the true saga of her life has never been fully told. Now, drawing on unpublished manuscripts, letters, diaries, and land and financial records, Caroline Fraser—the editor of the Library of America edition of the Little House series—masterfully fills in the gaps in Wilder’s biography. Revealing the grown-up story behind the most influential childhood epic of pioneer life, she also chronicles Wilder's tumultuous relationship with her journalist daughter, Rose Wilder Lane, setting the record straight regarding charges of ghostwriting that have swirled around the books.The Little House books, for all the hardships they describe, are paeans to the pioneer spirit, portraying it as triumphant against all odds. But Wilder’s real life was harder and grittier than that, a story of relentless struggle, rootlessness, and poverty. It was only in her sixties, after losing nearly everything in the Great Depression, that she turned to children’s books, recasting her hardscrabble childhood as a celebratory vision of homesteading—and achieving fame and fortune in the process, in one of the most astonishing rags-to-riches episodes in American letters.Spanning nearly a century of epochal change, from the Indian Wars to the Dust Bowl, Wilder’s dramatic life provides a unique perspective on American history and our national mythology of self-reliance. With fresh insights and new discoveries, Prairie Fires reveals the complex woman whose classic stories grip us to this day.]]> 641 Caroline Fraser Jim 0 to-read 3.97 2017 Prairie Fires: The American Dreams of Laura Ingalls Wilder
author: Caroline Fraser
name: Jim
average rating: 3.97
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/05/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Freedom's Detective: The Secret Service, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Man Who Masterminded America's First War on Terror]]> 38740689 Freedom’s Detective reveals the untold story of the Reconstruction-era United States Secret Service and their battle against the Ku Klux Klan, through the career of its controversial chief, Hiram C. Whitle

In the years following the Civil War, a new battle began. Newly freed African American men had gained their voting rights and would soon have a chance to transform Southern politics. Former Confederates and other white supremacists mobilized to stop them. Thus, the KKK was born.

After the first political assassination carried out by the Klan, Washington power brokers looked for help in breaking the growing movement. They found it in Hiram C. Whitley. He became head of the Secret Service, which had previously focused on catching counterfeiters and was at the time the government’s only intelligence organization. Whitley and his agents led the covert war against the nascent KKK and were the first to use undercover work in mass crime—what we now call terrorism—investigations.

Like many spymasters before and since, Whitley also had a dark side. His penchant for skulduggery and dirty tricks ultimately led to his involvement in a conspiracy that would bring an end to his career and transform the Secret Service.

Populated by intriguing historical characters—from President Grant to brave Southerners, both black and white, who stood up to the Klan—and told in a brisk narrative style, Freedom’s Detective reveals the story of this complex hero and his central role in a long-lost chapter of American history.]]>
352 Charles Lane 1335006850 Jim 0 to-read 3.55 2019 Freedom's Detective: The Secret Service, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Man Who Masterminded America's First War on Terror
author: Charles Lane
name: Jim
average rating: 3.55
book published: 2019
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2019/04/29
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Darkening Age: The Christian Destruction of the Classical World]]> 35450727 The Darkening Age is the largely unknown story of how a militant religion deliberately attacked and suppressed the teachings of the Classical world, ushering in centuries of unquestioning adherence to 'one true faith'.

Despite the long-held notion that the early Christians were meek and mild, going to their martyr's deaths singing hymns of love and praise, the truth, as Catherine Nixey reveals, is very different. Far from being meek and mild, they were violent, ruthless and fundamentally intolerant. Unlike the polytheistic world, in which the addition of one new religion made no fundamental difference to the old ones, this new ideology stated not only that it was the way, the truth and the light but that, by extension, every single other way was wrong and had to be destroyed. From the 1st century to the 6th, those who didn't fall into step with its beliefs were pursued in every possible way: social, legal, financial and physical. Their altars were upturned and their temples demolished, their statues hacked to pieces and their priests killed. It was an annihilation.

Authoritative, vividly written and utterly compelling, this is a remarkable debut from a brilliant young historian.]]>
363 Catherine Nixey 1509816089 Jim 0 to-read 4.06 2017 The Darkening Age: The Christian Destruction of the Classical World
author: Catherine Nixey
name: Jim
average rating: 4.06
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2018/07/16
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Destruction of Hillary Clinton]]> 33670561 A play-by-play of the political forces (both right and left) and media culture that vilified Hillary Clinton during her 2016 Presidential campaign, from cultural critic and feminist scholar Susan Bordo.

The Destruction of Hillary Clinton is an answer to the question we’ve all been asking: How did an extraordinarily well-qualified, experienced, and admired candidate—whose victory would have been as historic as Barack Obama’s—come to be seen as a tool of the establishment, a chronic liar, and a talentless politician?

In this masterful narrative of the 2016 campaign year, Susan Bordo unpacks the right-wing assault on Clinton and her reputation, the way the left provoked the suspicion and indifference of a younger generation, and the unprecedented influence of the media.

Urgent, insightful, and engrossing, The Destruction of Hillary Clinton is an essential guide to understanding the most controversial presidential election in American history.]]>
272 Susan Bordo 1612196632 Jim 0 to-read 3.79 2017 The Destruction of Hillary Clinton
author: Susan Bordo
name: Jim
average rating: 3.79
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2018/05/12
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future]]> 25569936 South African born Elon Musk is the renowned entrepreneur and innovator behind PayPal, SpaceX, Tesla, and SolarCity. Musk wants to save our planet; he wants to send citizens into space, to form a colony on Mars; he wants to make money while doing these things; and he wants us all to know about it. He is the real-life inspiration for the Iron Man series of films starring Robert Downey Junior.



The personal tale of Musk’s life comes with all the trappings one associates with a great, drama-filled story. He was a freakishly bright kid who was bullied brutally at school, and abused by his father. In the midst of these rough conditions, and the violence of apartheid South Africa, Musk still thrived academically and attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he paid his own way through school by turning his house into a club and throwing massive parties.



He started a pair of huge dot-com successes, including PayPal, which eBay acquired for $1.5 billion in 2002. Musk was forced out as CEO and so began his lost years in which he decided to go it alone and baffled friends by investing his fortune in rockets and electric cars. Meanwhile Musk’s marriage disintegrated as his technological obsessions took over his life ...



Elon Musk is the Steve Jobs of the present and the future, and for the past twelve months, he has been shadowed by tech reporter, Ashlee Vance. Elon Musk: How the Billionaire CEO of Spacex and Tesla is Shaping our Future is an important, exciting and intelligent account of the real-life Iron Man.

]]>
Ashlee Vance Jim 4
While there is much to admire about Musk, and the author clearly does admire him, there are significant flaws in his character that are also discussed in this book. Musk can be petulant, cruel to others he views as not up to his standards, curiously unfeeling and unsentimental at times, and is a particularly difficult person to work for; making demands of his employees they only put up with because of a shared vision for the future, and the fact Musk is equally as demanding of himself.

The book itself is well written, structurally easy to follow, and manages to reveal the inner workings of a person notoriously concerned with his public persona. What comes across in the end is a man who, despite significant defects in his personality, is a visionary with the skill and drive to make that vision a reality. He set out to change the world, and he is doing it.]]>
4.18 2015 Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future
author: Ashlee Vance
name: Jim
average rating: 4.18
book published: 2015
rating: 4
read at: 2017/07/07
date added: 2018/01/14
shelves:
review:
Well written biography of Elon Musk. I've always been interested in how Musk was able to be so successful in areas where so many have previously failed. Many have tried to start private space companies, all spectacular failures, and the litany of those who have tried, and failed, to develop viable electric car technology, is well known. The book does a good job arguing that in Musk we have a man with both the passion to do something historically beneficial to the human race, and the intellect and iron will to accomplish it. Both SpaceX and Tesla have defied all odds because Musk has refused to compromise his vision. That is what come through most clearly in this book.

While there is much to admire about Musk, and the author clearly does admire him, there are significant flaws in his character that are also discussed in this book. Musk can be petulant, cruel to others he views as not up to his standards, curiously unfeeling and unsentimental at times, and is a particularly difficult person to work for; making demands of his employees they only put up with because of a shared vision for the future, and the fact Musk is equally as demanding of himself.

The book itself is well written, structurally easy to follow, and manages to reveal the inner workings of a person notoriously concerned with his public persona. What comes across in the end is a man who, despite significant defects in his personality, is a visionary with the skill and drive to make that vision a reality. He set out to change the world, and he is doing it.
]]>
<![CDATA[Endurance: A Year in Space, A Lifetime of Discovery]]> 29947651 400 Scott Kelly 1524731595 Jim 0 to-read 4.16 2017 Endurance: A Year in Space, A Lifetime of Discovery
author: Scott Kelly
name: Jim
average rating: 4.16
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/10/26
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Final Mission: Preserving NASA's Apollo Sites]]> 29634023 208 Beth Laura O'Leary 0813062462 Jim 0 to-read 3.78 The Final Mission: Preserving NASA's Apollo Sites
author: Beth Laura O'Leary
name: Jim
average rating: 3.78
book published:
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/10/13
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Al Franken, Giant of the Senate]]> 31933250 From Senator Al Franken - #1 bestselling author and beloved SNL alum - comes the story of an award-winning comedian who decided to run for office and then discovered why award-winning comedians tend not to do that.This is a book about an unlikely campaign that had an even more improbable ending: the closest outcome in history and an unprecedented eight-month recount saga, which is pretty funny in retrospect.
It's a book about what happens when the nation's foremost progressive satirist gets a chance to serve in the United States Senate and, defying the low expectations of the pundit class, actually turns out to be good at it.
It's a book about our deeply polarized, frequently depressing, occasionally inspiring political culture, written from inside the belly of the beast.
In this candid personal memoir, the honorable gentleman from Minnesota takes his army of loyal fans along with him from Saturday Night Live to the campaign trail, inside the halls of Congress, and behind the scenes of some of the most dramatic and/or hilarious moments of his new career in politics.
Has Al Franken become a true Giant of the Senate? Franken asks readers to decide for themselves.]]>
405 Al Franken 1455540439 Jim 4
A fun, and at times poignant, read!]]>
4.16 2017 Al Franken, Giant of the Senate
author: Al Franken
name: Jim
average rating: 4.16
book published: 2017
rating: 4
read at:
date added: 2017/10/06
shelves:
review:
Al Franken is a funny guy, and that is certainly on display in this book. He also is serious about what he wants to accomplish. What is great about him is he is able to use his humor to get across a serious point. And that is the point of this book.

A fun, and at times poignant, read!
]]>
What Happened 34114362 â€Ŕá˛Ô the past, for reasons I try to explain, I’ve often felt I had to be careful in public, like I was up on a wire without a net. Now I’m letting my guard down.â€� —Hillary Rodham Clinton, from the introduction of What Happened

For the first time, Hillary Rodham Clinton reveals what she was thinking and feeling during one of the most controversial and unpredictable presidential elections in history. Now free from the constraints of running, Hillary takes you inside the intense personal experience of becoming the first woman nominated for president by a major party in an election marked by rage, sexism, exhilarating highs and infuriating lows, stranger-than-fiction twists, Russian interference, and an opponent who broke all the rules. This is her most personal memoir yet.

In these pages, she describes what it was like to run against Donald Trump, the mistakes she made, how she has coped with a shocking and devastating loss, and how she found the strength to pick herself back up afterward. With humor and candor, she tells readers what it took to get back on her feet—the rituals, relationships, and reading that got her through, and what the experience has taught her about life. She speaks about the challenges of being a strong woman in the public eye, the criticism over her voice, age, and appearance, and the double standard confronting women in politics.

She lays out how the 2016 election was marked by an unprecedented assault on our democracy by a foreign adversary. By analyzing the evidence and connecting the dots, Hillary shows just how dangerous the forces are that shaped the outcome, and why Americans need to understand them to protect our values and our democracy in the future.

The election of 2016 was unprecedented and historic. What Happened is the story of that campaign and its aftermath—both a deeply intimate account and a cautionary tale for the nation.]]>
512 Hillary Rodham Clinton Jim 0 currently-reading 3.92 2017 What Happened
author: Hillary Rodham Clinton
name: Jim
average rating: 3.92
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/09/29
shelves: currently-reading
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Richmond Redeemed: The Siege at Petersburg]]> 1619831 Richmond Redeemed: The Siege at Petersburg pioneered the study of the Civil War fighting around Petersburg. This award-winning volume conveyed an epic narrative of crucial military operations in early autumn 1864 which had gone unrecognized for more than 100 years.]]> 670 Richard J. Sommers 038515626X Jim 0 to-read 3.89 1981 Richmond Redeemed: The Siege at Petersburg
author: Richard J. Sommers
name: Jim
average rating: 3.89
book published: 1981
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/09/10
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
The Road 350540 The searing, post-apocalyptic novel about a father and son’s fight to survive.

A father and his son walk alone through burned America. Nothing moves in the ravaged landscape save the ash on the wind. It is cold enough to crack stones, and when the snow falls it is gray. The sky is dark. Their destination is the coast, although they don’t know what, if anything, awaits them there. They have nothing; just a pistol to defend themselves against the lawless bands that stalk the road, the clothes they are wearing, a cart of scavenged food—and each other.

The Road is the profoundly moving story of a journey. It boldly imagines a future in which no hope remains, but in which the father and his son, “each the other’s world entire,� are sustained by love. Awesome in the totality of its vision, it is an unflinching meditation on the worst and the best that we are capable of: ultimate destructiveness, desperate tenacity, and the tenderness that keeps two people alive in the face of total devastation.]]>
287 Cormac McCarthy 0307387895 Jim 0 to-read 3.99 2006 The Road
author: Cormac McCarthy
name: Jim
average rating: 3.99
book published: 2006
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/09/07
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Tune In (The Beatles: All These Years, #1)]]> 17884043 Tune In is the first volume of All These Years�a highly-anticipated, groundbreaking biographical trilogy by the world's leading Beatles historian. Mark Lewisohn uses his unprecedented archival access and hundreds of new interviews to construct the full story of the lives and work of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr.

Ten years in the making, Tune In takes the Beatles from before their childhoods through the final hour of 1962—when, with breakthrough success just days away, they stand on the cusp of a whole new kind of fame and celebrity. They’ve one hit record ("Love Me Do") behind them and the next ("Please Please Me") primed for release, their first album session is booked, and America is clear on the horizon.  This is the lesser-known Beatles story—the pre-Fab years of Liverpool and Hamburg—and in many respects the most absorbing and incredible period of them all. Here is the complete and true account of their family lives, childhoods, teenage years and their infatuation with American music, here is the riveting narrative of their unforgettable days and nights in the Cavern Club, their laughs, larks and adventures when they could move about freely, before fame closed in.  

For those who’ve never read a Beatles book before, this is the place to discover the young men behind the icons. For those who think they know John, Paul, George, and Ringo, it’s time to press the Reset button and tune into the real story, the lasting word.]]>
944 Mark Lewisohn 1400083052 Jim 5
However, this is a book with a lot of information in it, over 800 pages (or 70 hours on audio). This is Volume I of a planned three volume set on the Beatles. This volume only takes you from the childhood to just before the release of their first album in early 1963. Seemingly nothing that occurred to John, Paul, George or Ringo in the years between 1957 and 1962 is left unexplored. Extensive backstories on Brian Epstein, the Beatles Manager, and George Martin, their producer, is also included.

So, it really does help to be a Beatles fan, with a curiosity as to how they formed, and how their early lives led them to become the most successful and influential musical artists of the last 60 years. I count myself in that group, so I was hooked from the beginning.

While the book packs in a lot of information, it is never dense. You won't lose your place, or have thrown at you a lot of information in a short stretch that you struggle to remember. Lewisohn is a gifted writer so despite its length, it never becomes confusing.

The book does two very important things. First, it does a great job explaining the musical influences on young people in Britain at the beginning of the rock and roll era. Those influences were entirely American. Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis among many others, had a profound effect on the British rock and roll scene. So ironically, American rock and rollers were the influence for British bands, which then used that influence to create a new style that then became the biggest influence a decade later in America. I will be very interested in how Lewisohn treats that phenomenon in the next two volumes.

The second important thing about this book, is presenting the Beatles as people in a way that makes one rethink the stereotypes about them. Both John and Paul lost their mothers as teenagers, which had a profound effect on their lives. John in particular never had a semblance of an orderly home life, which helps explain the changes in his personality as the Beatles became more popular. Despite having to learn at a young age how to get by on the rough streets of Liverpool, which toughened him up, it left him most vulnerable to problems as the group got more popular. He, more than the others, always seemed to be in a period of trying to find himself. In many ways this made him a raging jerk, not thinking twice about hurting others with an offhand comment, perhaps trying to head off being hurt himself. He reacted more emotionally to being slighted than the others, which even came out in some of the interviews he did after the Beatles had broken up. This book helps explain why he behaved that way, and to have more sympathy for him in that regard.

It also dispels some of the condescension Ringo has received over the years. Sometimes viewed as the least talented of the group, in fact, it wasn't until he had joined them that they became the powerhouse group we recall today. He was the glue that held the group together musically.

There is way too much in the book to do a comprehensive review so I won't attempt it.

If you are a Beatles fan, run, don't walk to get this book. If you have an interest in social history, there is quite a bit here about the lives of the working class in Liverpool in the 1950s to interest you as well.

Highly recommended

]]>
4.71 2013 Tune In (The Beatles: All These Years, #1)
author: Mark Lewisohn
name: Jim
average rating: 4.71
book published: 2013
rating: 5
read at: 2017/09/06
date added: 2017/09/06
shelves:
review:
One of the best straight up biographies I have read in a very long time. Beautifully written, never boring.

However, this is a book with a lot of information in it, over 800 pages (or 70 hours on audio). This is Volume I of a planned three volume set on the Beatles. This volume only takes you from the childhood to just before the release of their first album in early 1963. Seemingly nothing that occurred to John, Paul, George or Ringo in the years between 1957 and 1962 is left unexplored. Extensive backstories on Brian Epstein, the Beatles Manager, and George Martin, their producer, is also included.

So, it really does help to be a Beatles fan, with a curiosity as to how they formed, and how their early lives led them to become the most successful and influential musical artists of the last 60 years. I count myself in that group, so I was hooked from the beginning.

While the book packs in a lot of information, it is never dense. You won't lose your place, or have thrown at you a lot of information in a short stretch that you struggle to remember. Lewisohn is a gifted writer so despite its length, it never becomes confusing.

The book does two very important things. First, it does a great job explaining the musical influences on young people in Britain at the beginning of the rock and roll era. Those influences were entirely American. Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis among many others, had a profound effect on the British rock and roll scene. So ironically, American rock and rollers were the influence for British bands, which then used that influence to create a new style that then became the biggest influence a decade later in America. I will be very interested in how Lewisohn treats that phenomenon in the next two volumes.

The second important thing about this book, is presenting the Beatles as people in a way that makes one rethink the stereotypes about them. Both John and Paul lost their mothers as teenagers, which had a profound effect on their lives. John in particular never had a semblance of an orderly home life, which helps explain the changes in his personality as the Beatles became more popular. Despite having to learn at a young age how to get by on the rough streets of Liverpool, which toughened him up, it left him most vulnerable to problems as the group got more popular. He, more than the others, always seemed to be in a period of trying to find himself. In many ways this made him a raging jerk, not thinking twice about hurting others with an offhand comment, perhaps trying to head off being hurt himself. He reacted more emotionally to being slighted than the others, which even came out in some of the interviews he did after the Beatles had broken up. This book helps explain why he behaved that way, and to have more sympathy for him in that regard.

It also dispels some of the condescension Ringo has received over the years. Sometimes viewed as the least talented of the group, in fact, it wasn't until he had joined them that they became the powerhouse group we recall today. He was the glue that held the group together musically.

There is way too much in the book to do a comprehensive review so I won't attempt it.

If you are a Beatles fan, run, don't walk to get this book. If you have an interest in social history, there is quite a bit here about the lives of the working class in Liverpool in the 1950s to interest you as well.

Highly recommended


]]>
<![CDATA[Ghost of the Innocent Man: A True Story of Trial and Redemption]]> 33296278 "A crisply written page turner."-NPR

During the last two decades, more than two thousand American citizens have been wrongfully convicted. Ghost of the Innocent Man brings us one of the most dramatic of those cases and provides the clearest picture yet of the national scourge of wrongful conviction and of the opportunity for meaningful reform.

When the final gavel clapped in a rural southern courtroom in the summer of 1988, Willie J. Grimes, a gentle spirit with no record of violence, was shocked and devastated to be convicted of first-degree rape and sentenced to life imprisonment. Here is the story of this everyman and his extraordinary quarter-century-long journey to freedom, told in breathtaking and sympathetic detail, from the botched evidence and suspect testimony that led to his incarceration to the tireless efforts to prove his innocence and the identity of the true perpetrator. These were spearheaded by his relentless champion, Christine Mumma, a cofounder of North Carolina's Innocence Inquiry Commission. That commission-unprecedented at its inception in 2006-remains a model organization unlike any other in the country, and one now responsible for a growing number of exonerations.

With meticulous, prismatic research and pulse-quickening prose, Benjamin Rachlin presents one man's tragedy and triumph. The jarring and unsettling truth is that the story of Willie J. Grimes, for all its outrage, dignity, and grace, is not a unique travesty. But through the harrowing and suspenseful account of one life, told from the inside, we experience the full horror of wrongful conviction on a national scale. Ghost of the Innocent Man is both rare and essential, a masterwork of empathy. The book offers a profound reckoning not only with the shortcomings of our criminal justice system but also with its possibilities for redemption.

]]>
387 Benjamin Rachlin 0316311499 Jim 0 to-read 4.32 2017 Ghost of the Innocent Man: A True Story of Trial and Redemption
author: Benjamin Rachlin
name: Jim
average rating: 4.32
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/08/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America]]> 32191706 de facto segregation—that is, through individual prejudices, income differences, or the actions of private institutions like banks and real estate agencies. Rather, The Color of Law incontrovertibly makes clear that it was de jure segregation—the laws and policy decisions passed by local, state, and federal governments—that actually promoted the discriminatory patterns that continue to this day.

Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research that Ta-Nehisi Coates has lauded as "brilliant" (The Atlantic), Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.

As Jane Jacobs established in her classic The Death and Life of Great American Cities, it was the deeply flawed urban planning of the 1950s that created many of the impoverished neighborhoods we know. Now, Rothstein expands our understanding of this history, showing how government policies led to the creation of officially segregated public housing and the demolition of previously integrated neighborhoods. While urban areas rapidly deteriorated, the great American suburbanization of the post–World War II years was spurred on by federal subsidies for builders on the condition that no homes be sold to African Americans. Finally, Rothstein shows how police and prosecutors brutally upheld these standards by supporting violent resistance to black families in white neighborhoods.

The Fair Housing Act of 1968 prohibited future discrimination but did nothing to reverse residential patterns that had become deeply embedded. Yet recent outbursts of violence in cities like Baltimore, Ferguson, and Minneapolis show us precisely how the legacy of these earlier eras contributes to persistent racial unrest. “The American landscape will never look the same to readers of this important book� (Sherrilyn Ifill, president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund), as Rothstein’s invaluable examination shows that only by relearning this history can we finally pave the way for the nation to remedy its unconstitutional past.]]>
368 Richard Rothstein 1631492853 Jim 0 to-read 4.44 2017 The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America
author: Richard Rothstein
name: Jim
average rating: 4.44
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/08/23
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Vendetta: Bobby Kennedy Versus Jimmy Hoffa]]> 23507527
From 1957 to 1964, Robert Kennedy and Jimmy Hoffa channeled nearly all of their considerable powers into destroying each other. Kennedy's battle with Hoffa burst into the public consciousness with the 1957 Senate Rackets Committee hearings and intensified when his brother named him attorney general in 1961. RFK put together a "Get Hoffa" squad within the Justice Department, devoted to destroying one man. But Hoffa, with nearly unlimited Teamster funds, was not about to roll over.

Drawing upon a treasure trove of previously secret and undisclosed documents, James Neff has crafted a brilliant, heart-pounding epic of crime and punishment, a saga of venom and relentlessness and two men willing to do anything to demolish each other.]]>
377 James Neff 0316738344 Jim 0 to-read 3.80 2015 Vendetta: Bobby Kennedy Versus Jimmy Hoffa
author: James Neff
name: Jim
average rating: 3.80
book published: 2015
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/08/17
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[2001: A Space Odyssey (Space Odyssey, #1)]]> 70535
So great are the implications of this discovery that for the first time men are sent out deep into our solar system.

But long before their destination is reached, things begin to go horribly, inexplicably wrong...

One of the greatest-selling science fiction novels of our time, this classic book will grip you to the very end.]]>
297 Arthur C. Clarke Jim 0 to-read 4.17 1968 2001: A Space Odyssey (Space Odyssey, #1)
author: Arthur C. Clarke
name: Jim
average rating: 4.17
book published: 1968
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/07/07
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Dr. Kirkbride and His Mental Hospital]]> 1888144 162 Earl D. Bond Jim 0 to-read 3.00 1947 Dr. Kirkbride and His Mental Hospital
author: Earl D. Bond
name: Jim
average rating: 3.00
book published: 1947
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/07/03
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
Triptych 35228032 TRIPTYCH is the story of the lawyer who is thrown into the path of this revolutionary text, only to lose his job and career in the process of defending a killer whose only crime was obeying the dictates of his faith.  Is it a disjointed story forged out of three separate moments in a heinous crime...or a single image viewed from three angles, all pointing to an ultimate, frightening reality?  You decide. ]]> 122 David Augustus Ball 1945979038 Jim 4
I will be back with a longer review!]]>
2.67 Triptych
author: David Augustus Ball
name: Jim
average rating: 2.67
book published:
rating: 4
read at: 2017/06/27
date added: 2017/06/27
shelves:
review:
I want to write a review worthy of the book. I think that is going to require some thought and a return to some of what I have just read. But for now let me just say this is a book you DO NOT want to read if you are looking for escapist entertainment. You need to think, on steroids, with this one. For such a short book, it really opens up a Pandora's Box of consequence.

I will be back with a longer review!
]]>
<![CDATA[The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family]]> 3364462
In the mid-1700s the English captain of a trading ship that made runs between England and the Virginia colony fathered a child by an enslaved woman living near Williamsburg. The woman, whose name is unknown and who is believed to have been born in Africa, was owned by the Eppeses, a prominent Virginia family. The captain, whose surname was Hemings, and the woman had a daughter. They named her Elizabeth.

So begins The Hemingses of Monticello, Annette Gordon-Reed’s “riveting history� of the Hemings family, whose story comes to vivid life in this brilliantly researched and deeply moving work. Gordon-Reed, author of the highly acclaimed historiography Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy, unearths startling new information about the Hemingses, Jefferson, and his white family. Although the book presents the most detailed and richly drawn portrait ever written of Sarah Hemings, better known by her nickname Sally, who bore seven children by Jefferson over the course of their thirty-eight-year liaison, The Hemingses of Monticello tells more than the story of her life with Jefferson and their children. The Hemingses as a whole take their rightful place in the narrative of the family’s extraordinary engagement with one of history’s most important figures.

Not only do we meet Elizabeth Hemings—the family matriarch and mother to twelve children, six by John Wayles, a poor English immigrant who rose to great wealth in the Virginia colony—but we follow the Hemings family as they become the property of Jefferson through his marriage to Martha Wayles. The Hemings-Wayles children, siblings to Martha, played pivotal roles in the life at Jefferson’s estate.

We follow the Hemingses to Paris, where James Hemings trained as a chef in one of the most prestigious kitchens in France and where Sally arrived as a fourteen-year-old chaperone for Jefferson’s daughter Polly; to Philadelphia, where James Hemings acted as the major domo to the newly appointed secretary of state; to Charlottesville, where Mary Hemings lived with her partner, a prosperous white merchant who left her and their children a home and property; to Richmond, where Robert Hemings engineered a plan for his freedom; and finally to Monticello, that iconic home on the mountain, from where most of Jefferson’s slaves, many of them Hemings family members, were sold at auction six months after his death in 1826.

As The Hemingses of Monticello makes vividly clear, Monticello can no longer be known only as the home of a remarkable American leader, the author of the Declaration of Independence; nor can the story of the Hemingses, whose close blood ties to our third president have been expunged from history until very recently, be left out of the telling of America’s story. With its empathetic and insightful consideration of human beings acting in almost unimaginably difficult and complicated family circumstances, The Hemingses of Monticello is history as great literature. It is a remarkable achievement.]]>
798 Annette Gordon-Reed 0393064778 Jim 0 to-read 4.01 2008 The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family
author: Annette Gordon-Reed
name: Jim
average rating: 4.01
book published: 2008
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/24
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Apollo 8: The Thrilling Story of the First Mission to the Moon]]> 31848288 320 Jeffrey Kluger 1627798323 Jim 3 Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 with Astronaut Jim Lovell that the movie Apollo 13 is based on. He is a clear fan of the space program and that shows through in this book. There is very little here NASA's public relations office would disapprove of.

It is a straight ahead history of the December 1968 mission of Apollo 8, focusing primarily on Frank Borman, commander of the mission, with a somewhat lesser focus on the other crew members - Jim Lovell and Bill Anders. He also spotlights some of the managers, technicians, and engineers at NASA who made the mission possible, particularly Cris Kraft, Gene Kranz, and Jim Webb

Kluger does a nice job with the narrative that does keep you interested throughout. If your sole interest is the mission itself and not the messy crap that happens behind the scenes when human beings are involved, this is the book for you. It was engrossing in that sense.

If you are looking for more behind the scenes stuff, the political and turf wars at NASA, how the Astronauts interacted with each other and with NASA, the finger pointing after the Apollo 1 fire, and more than a superficial look at the private lives of those involved, there isn't too much here.

If you are looking for an deeper analysis of Apollo 8's impact on America and the world, you won't get much of that here either; Kluger begins with the assumption that the mission had a positive, even transcendent impact.

An example of this is his treatment of the Astronauts' famous Christmas message from the moon in which they read passages from the Book of Genesis. Kluger treats this as a defining moment in the flight, and doesn't even attempt to question whether it was appropriate. In fact Madalyn Murray O'Hair, America's most hated atheist, sued the U.S. Government claiming it violated the establishment clause of the 1st Amendment. And while the suit was dismissed due to lack of jurisdiction, NASA never allowed it to happen again. As an atheist myself I have to say I wince a bit when I hear those transmissions, and in my view O'Hair had a case. But in truth I was not all that bothered by it. It was a different time, a dangerous time, and though the passages have no effect on me (other than eye rolls), I can see they were welcomed by a weary world at the end of a very bad year!

In any case, the point is Kluger is not attempting to provoke a debate, or to look at the space program in a wider context. He is telling the story of the Apollo 8 flight to the moon, and that's it.

In this he succeeds admirably. If that is all you are looking for, it is well worth a read.

Note: I listened to the audio version of this book. Besides the book, Kluger's recorded interview with Frank Borman is included as well as an edited version of mission transmissions. A nice bonus!
]]>
4.39 2017 Apollo 8: The Thrilling Story of the First Mission to the Moon
author: Jeffrey Kluger
name: Jim
average rating: 4.39
book published: 2017
rating: 3
read at: 2017/06/07
date added: 2017/06/09
shelves:
review:
Very well written pop history. Kluger also co-write Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 with Astronaut Jim Lovell that the movie Apollo 13 is based on. He is a clear fan of the space program and that shows through in this book. There is very little here NASA's public relations office would disapprove of.

It is a straight ahead history of the December 1968 mission of Apollo 8, focusing primarily on Frank Borman, commander of the mission, with a somewhat lesser focus on the other crew members - Jim Lovell and Bill Anders. He also spotlights some of the managers, technicians, and engineers at NASA who made the mission possible, particularly Cris Kraft, Gene Kranz, and Jim Webb

Kluger does a nice job with the narrative that does keep you interested throughout. If your sole interest is the mission itself and not the messy crap that happens behind the scenes when human beings are involved, this is the book for you. It was engrossing in that sense.

If you are looking for more behind the scenes stuff, the political and turf wars at NASA, how the Astronauts interacted with each other and with NASA, the finger pointing after the Apollo 1 fire, and more than a superficial look at the private lives of those involved, there isn't too much here.

If you are looking for an deeper analysis of Apollo 8's impact on America and the world, you won't get much of that here either; Kluger begins with the assumption that the mission had a positive, even transcendent impact.

An example of this is his treatment of the Astronauts' famous Christmas message from the moon in which they read passages from the Book of Genesis. Kluger treats this as a defining moment in the flight, and doesn't even attempt to question whether it was appropriate. In fact Madalyn Murray O'Hair, America's most hated atheist, sued the U.S. Government claiming it violated the establishment clause of the 1st Amendment. And while the suit was dismissed due to lack of jurisdiction, NASA never allowed it to happen again. As an atheist myself I have to say I wince a bit when I hear those transmissions, and in my view O'Hair had a case. But in truth I was not all that bothered by it. It was a different time, a dangerous time, and though the passages have no effect on me (other than eye rolls), I can see they were welcomed by a weary world at the end of a very bad year!

In any case, the point is Kluger is not attempting to provoke a debate, or to look at the space program in a wider context. He is telling the story of the Apollo 8 flight to the moon, and that's it.

In this he succeeds admirably. If that is all you are looking for, it is well worth a read.

Note: I listened to the audio version of this book. Besides the book, Kluger's recorded interview with Frank Borman is included as well as an edited version of mission transmissions. A nice bonus!

]]>
<![CDATA[The Essays of Montaigne � Volume 01]]> 18924759 Editor's Notes
Life of Montaigne
Montaigne's Letters
Translator's Notes

This book was converted from its physical edition to the digital format by a community of volunteers. You may find it for free on the web. Purchase of the Kindle edition includes wireless delivery.]]>
400 Michel de Montaigne Jim 0 to-read 3.69 1580 The Essays of Montaigne — Volume 01
author: Michel de Montaigne
name: Jim
average rating: 3.69
book published: 1580
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/06
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
The Nix 28251002
To save her, Samuel will have to embark on his own journey, uncovering long-buried secrets about the woman he thought he knew, secrets that stretch across generations and have their origin all the way back in Norway, home of the mysterious Nix. As he does so, Samuel will confront not only Faye’s losses but also his own lost love, and will relearn everything he thought he knew about his mother, and himself.]]>
625 Nathan Hill 110194661X Jim 0 to-read 4.08 2016 The Nix
author: Nathan Hill
name: Jim
average rating: 4.08
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
CivilWarLand in Bad Decline 28747 179 George Saunders 0099595818 Jim 0 to-read 4.25 1996 CivilWarLand in Bad Decline
author: George Saunders
name: Jim
average rating: 4.25
book published: 1996
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Fleet at Flood Tide: America at Total War in the Pacific, 1944-1945]]> 28952689
Here is the extraordinary story of the most consequential campaign of the Pacific War: the U.S. Fifth Fleet’s seizure of the Marianas, a relentless deployment of overwhelming force on air, land, and sea that opened the path to total victory over Japan and established a new state of the art in warfare: the first use of the forerunners of today’s SEALs; the emergence of massive cross-hemispheric expeditionary operations; the flowering of American naval aviation and carrier power; and the secret training of Marianas-based air crews who would first unleash nuclear fire.

From the epic seaborne invasion of Saipan, to the stunning aerial battles of the Marianas Turkey Shoot, to the grinding combat ashore—and the largest suicide attack of the war—to the devastating bombing campaign that culminated with Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Marianas were the fulcrum of the Pacific. Filled with memorable action set pieces and closely observed portraits of the naval, air, and ground-force warriors and commanders who revolutionized warfare, The Fleet at Flood Tide is the broadly encompassing story of the full materialization of America as a world-class military power.]]>
576 James D. Hornfischer 034554871X Jim 0 to-read 4.45 2016 The Fleet at Flood Tide: America at Total War in the Pacific, 1944-1945
author: James D. Hornfischer
name: Jim
average rating: 4.45
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Hitler's American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law]]> 31951513 How American race law provided a blueprint for Nazi Germany

Nazism triumphed in Germany during the high era of Jim Crow laws in the United States. Did the American regime of racial oppression in any way inspire the Nazis? The unsettling answer is yes. In Hitler's American Model, James Whitman presents a detailed investigation of the American impact on the notorious Nuremberg Laws, the centerpiece anti-Jewish legislation of the Nazi regime. Contrary to those who have insisted that there was no meaningful connection between American and German racial repression, Whitman demonstrates that the Nazis took a real, sustained, significant, and revealing interest in American race policies.

As Whitman shows, the Nuremberg Laws were crafted in an atmosphere of considerable attention to the precedents American race laws had to offer. German praise for American practices, already found in Hitler's Mein Kampf, was continuous throughout the early 1930s, and the most radical Nazi lawyers were eager advocates of the use of American models. But while Jim Crow segregation was one aspect of American law that appealed to Nazi radicals, it was not the most consequential one. Rather, both American citizenship and antimiscegenation laws proved directly relevant to the two principal Nuremberg Laws—the Citizenship Law and the Blood Law. Whitman looks at the ultimate, ugly irony that when Nazis rejected American practices, it was sometimes not because they found them too enlightened, but too harsh.

Indelibly linking American race laws to the shaping of Nazi policies in Germany, Hitler's American Model upends understandings of America's influence on racist practices in the wider world.]]>
224 James Q. Whitman 0691172420 Jim 0 to-read 3.89 2017 Hitler's American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law
author: James Q. Whitman
name: Jim
average rating: 3.89
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Chuck Klosterman X: A Highly Specific, Defiantly Incomplete History of the Early 21st Century]]> 33353952 New York Times-bestselling author and cultural critic Chuck Klosterman compiles and contextualizes the best of his articles and essays from the past decade.

Chuck Klosterman has created an incomparable body of work in books, magazines, newspapers, and on the Web. His writing spans the realms of culture and sports, while also addressing interpersonal issues, social quandaries, and ethical boundaries. Klosterman has written nine previous books, helped found and establish Grantland, served as the New York Times Magazine Ethicist, worked on film and television productions, and contributed profiles and essays to outlets such as GQ, Esquire, Billboard, The A.V. Club, and The Guardian.

Chuck Klosterman's tenth book (aka Chuck Klosterman X) collects his most intriguing of those pieces, accompanied by fresh introductions and new footnotes throughout. Klosterman presents many of the articles in their original form, featuring previously unpublished passages and digressions. Subjects include Breaking Bad, Lou Reed, zombies, KISS, Jimmy Page, Stephen Malkmus, steroids, Mountain Dew, Chinese Democracy, The Beatles, Jonathan Franzen, Taylor Swift, Tim Tebow, Kobe Bryant, Usain Bolt, Eddie Van Halen, Charlie Brown, the Cleveland Browns, and many more cultural figures and pop phenomena. This is a tour of the past decade from one of the sharpest and most prolific observers of our unusual times.]]>
11 Chuck Klosterman 0735285470 Jim 0 to-read 3.90 2017 Chuck Klosterman X: A Highly Specific, Defiantly Incomplete History of the Early 21st Century
author: Chuck Klosterman
name: Jim
average rating: 3.90
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/04
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Dear White America: Letter to a New Minority (City Lights Open Media)]]> 10873538
This anxiety has helped to create the Tea Party movement, with its call to "take our country back." By means of a racialized nostalgia for a mythological past, the Right is enlisting fearful whites into its campaign for reactionary social and economic policies.

In urgent response, Tim Wise has penned his most pointed and provocative work to date. Employing the form of direct personal address, he points a finger at whites' race-based self-delusion, explaining how such an agenda will only do harm to the nation's people, including most whites. In no uncertain terms, he argues that the hope for survival of American democracy lies in the embrace of our multicultural past, present and future.]]>
190 Tim Wise 0872865215 Jim 0 to-read 4.13 2012 Dear White America: Letter to a New Minority (City Lights Open Media)
author: Tim Wise
name: Jim
average rating: 4.13
book published: 2012
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/01
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
The Three Musketeers 7190 The Three Musketeers is the most famous of Alexandre Dumas' historical novels and one of the most popular adventure novels ever written.

Dumas' swashbuckling epic chronicles the adventures of d'Artagnan, a brash young man from the countryside who journeys to Paris in 1625 hoping to become a musketeer and guard to King Louis XIII. Before long, he finds treachery and court intrigue,and also three boon companions, the daring swordsmen Athos, Porthos, and Aramis. Together, the four strive heroically to defend the honor of their queen against the powerful Cardinal Richelieu and the seductive spy Milady.]]>
625 Alexandre Dumas Jim 0 to-read 4.09 1844 The Three Musketeers
author: Alexandre Dumas
name: Jim
average rating: 4.09
book published: 1844
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/06/01
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Rocket Men: The Epic Story of the First Men on the Moon]]> 6424902 A richly detailed and dramatic account of one of the greatest achievements of humankind

At 9:32 A.M. on July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 rocket launched in the presence of more than a million spectators who had gathered to witness a truly historic event. It carried Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Mike Collins to the last frontier of human imagination: the moon.

Rocket Men is the thrilling story of the moon mission, and it restores the mystery and majesty to an event that may have become too familiar for most people to realize what a stunning achievement it represented in planning, technology, and execution.

Through interviews, twenty-three thousand pages of NASA oral histories, and declassified CIA documents on the space race, Craig Nelson re-creates a vivid and detailed account of the Apollo 11 mission. From the quotidian to the scientific to the magical, readers are taken right into the cockpit with Aldrin and Armstrong and behind the scenes at Mission Control.

Rocket Men is the story of a twentieth-century pilgrimage; a voyage into the unknown motivated by politics, faith, science, and wonder that changed the course of history.]]>
416 Craig Nelson 0670021032 Jim 4
I have always been an unabashed fan of the American Space program. I still am. I much prefer knowing everything about that which I admire - good and bad - to avoid disappointment later.

Nelson does an admirable job with both!]]>
4.12 2009 Rocket Men: The Epic Story of the First Men on the Moon
author: Craig Nelson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.12
book published: 2009
rating: 4
read at: 2017/05/15
date added: 2017/06/01
shelves:
review:
Very solid look at the American space program leading up to Apollo 11's mission to the Moon. Starting with Goddard and Tsiolkovsky, through the German program at Peenemunde before and during WWII, and ending with the successful landing on the Moon, Nelson does a great job utilizing the many sources available to him (both primary and secondary); looking at all sides of this history. In particular I was happy he did not shy away from looking at the dark underside of the space race, particularly American and Russian employment of former Nazi's to kick start their programs.

I have always been an unabashed fan of the American Space program. I still am. I much prefer knowing everything about that which I admire - good and bad - to avoid disappointment later.

Nelson does an admirable job with both!
]]>
<![CDATA[White Rage: The Unspoken Truth of Our Racial Divide]]> 26073085 From the Civil War to our combustible present, White Rage reframes our continuing conversation about race, chronicling the powerful forces opposed to black progress in America--now in paperback with a new afterword by the author, acclaimed historian Carol Anderson.

As Ferguson, Missouri, erupted in August 2014, and media commentators across the ideological spectrum referred to the angry response of African Americans as “black rage,� historian Carol Anderson wrote a remarkable op-ed in The Washington Post suggesting that this was, instead, "white rage at work. With so much attention on the flames," she argued, "everyone had ignored the kindling."

Since 1865 and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, every time African Americans have made advances towards full participation in our democracy, white reaction has fueled a deliberate and relentless rollback of their gains. The end of the Civil War and Reconstruction was greeted with the Black Codes and Jim Crow; the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision was met with the shutting down of public schools throughout the South while taxpayer dollars financed segregated white private schools; the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 triggered a coded but powerful response, the so-called Southern Strategy and the War on Drugs that disenfranchised millions of African Americans while propelling presidents Nixon and Reagan into the White House, and then the election of America's first black President, led to the expression of white rage that has been as relentless as it has been brutal.

Carefully linking these and other historical flashpoints when social progress for African Americans was countered by deliberate and cleverly crafted opposition, Anderson pulls back the veil that has long covered actions made in the name of protecting democracy, fiscal responsibility, or protection against fraud, rendering visible the long lineage of white rage. Compelling and dramatic in the unimpeachable history it relates, White Rage will add an important new dimension to the national conversation about race in America.]]>
246 Carol Anderson 1632864126 Jim 4 White Rage: The Unspoken Truth of Our Racial Divide by Carol Anderson. Her goal is to enrage the reader, and she succeeds brilliantly. Stemming from the unrest that broke out in Ferguson,MO after the police murder of Michael Brown, and the subsequent howls about "Black Rage" in the conservative media, Anderson works to set the record straight.

It is her contention, one I agree with, that it is "White Rage" - rage against the notion that blacks in this country (and now Hispanics), have any right to equal treatment under the law - that is the real source of racial disharmony in the United States. For a large segment of the white population, mainly in the south, but also in some areas of the north, the idea that black citizens should be allowed to elevate themselves politically, culturally, economically, or socially is anathema. For many, particularly the white working class, their one saving grace is their belief that blacks and other citizens of color are even lower on the social ladder than they are. And they will do anything to keep it that way, even if it means voting for political leaders who have vowed to enact policy that will directly, and adversely affect them. Witness the hundreds of thousands of those voting for Donald Trump who depend on the Affordable Care Act for their health insurance. They would rather lose that coverage than allow minorities to have those same benefits. It is the cruel legacy of slavery, deliberate strategies by Southerners after the Civil War to recast its purpose, and of the lack of moral courage by many in the North to insure the successful completion of what the war was fought for, that has allowed this structural racism to continue into the 21st century.

Making many of the same arguments as Ian Haney Lopez in Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism & Wrecked the Middle Class, Anderson devastatingly lays out the case that racism is not disappearing, but adapting. Beginning with Southern success undermining the 13th amendment banning slavery, Anderson recounts the nearly continuous white effort to insure blacks are never allowed to attain parity.

For a fairly short book she crams a lot in, including sections on Jim Crow, the institution of Black Codes, peonage, Klan violence, and Supreme Court rulings that for decades effectively neutered the 14th Amendment guaranteeing due process of law, and the 15th Amendment guaranteeing the right to vote. She recounts frantic Southern efforts to avoid the consequences of Brown vs. Board of Education which ruled the doctrine of separate but equal to be unconstitutional. Some areas of the country resist it to this day.

Perhaps the most infuriating part of the book are sections detailing Republican reaction to the election of President Barack Obama. Determined not to allow Black and Hispanic voters to play such an important role in future elections, and realizing the demographic trends were not in their favor, Republican Governors and state legislatures across the country began erecting barriers to voting for minorities, using the fig leaf of "protecting the integrity of our electoral system," as the excuse.

Frankly, the whole book was so dispiriting I find my anger is keeping me from producing a completely coherent review. I hope I have gotten my point across.

I did have one bone to pick with the author however. I recognize her intention was not to produce a comprehensive history of black-white relations in North America. I understand she began with a point of view, and that the evidence she has marshaled is designed to bolster that view. She is clear about that, so I have no problems with it as long as she is not purposely leaving out information that would seriously weaken her argument. I don't think there is any. For example, there was not a single word about the Clinton administration in the book, either good or bad. While there would be plenty to write about there, on both sides, it does no harm to her assertion by leaving it out. Relevant points that could have been made about that period were made elsewhere and would have only provided corroborating evidence.

There was one area where I felt she really dropped the ball however.

Anderson devotes a considerable amount of time recounting the efforts of the President of the United States both during the Civil War and Reconstruction with regard to the rights of slaves, and then freedmen. She wished to point out their almost complete opposition to granting them the rights they were due during this period. It is from here she draws an almost straight line to modern efforts to deny them the very same same rights. It is a crucial part of her thesis, one that she builds upon in subsequent chapters. At first it seems effective. However, there are wide and very relevant gaps in the narrative that I am afraid weakens the credibility of her argument ever so slightly.

She does a devastating job on Andrew Johnson, who deserves the all the vitriol she heaps upon him. He was a racist who almost single handedly reversed the outcome of the Civil War, allowing the south to reinstitute an effective replacement for chattel slavery. However, her treatment of Abraham Lincoln in this regard was cursory and misleading. If the reader had no knowledge of either Lincoln or Johnson before reading this book, they would come away not thinking there was a dimes worth of difference between them, after reading it. Cherry picking quotes from Lincoln early in the war, and using his desire to "let 'em [the south] up easy," after it as her evidence, she implies Lincoln's policies during Reconstruction would have been little different than Johnson's. This is simply not a credible assertion. She ignored completely Lincoln's evolving attitudes towards African Americans during the war, and his expressed desire that slavery be ended even before he became President. While he certainly held condescending attitudes toward blacks early in his career, and denied seeking social equivalence for them as the war started, those sentiments softened considerably as the war progressed, at least partly because of his admiration for the way African-American soldiers fought during the war.

Possibly because it would superficially appear to refute her apparent view that Lincoln would have not been a champion for African-American rights during Reconstruction, she virtually ignores Ulysses S. Grant. Other than again cherry picking an early quote, she completely skims by the two terms of Grant's Presidency. The fact of the matter is Grant, who believed he was carrying out the wishes of Lincoln, strenuously acted on behalf of freedmen. His views, which had also evolved during the war, led him to advocate for full political and economic rights for former slaves. It was during Grant's administration, and with his support, that the 15th amendment was passed. And once it was ratified he worked assiduously to insure the access to the ballot box that it guaranteed was enforced. He also used the army to fight against Klan violence, which was for a time successful. I have no doubt Lincoln would have followed a similar path.

Frederick Douglass, who Grant appointed to diplomatic posts in Haiti and the Dominican Republican, and who viewed Lincoln's commitment to civil rights for African Americans as sometimes tepid (though he did support Lincoln), had no such qualms about Grant. Eulogizing him after his death, Douglass called Grant "a man too broad for prejudice, too humane to despise the humblest, too great to be small at any point. In him the Negro found a protector, the Indian a friend, a vanquished foe a brother, an imperiled nation a savior."

For all of its disappointments many forget Reconstruction had an all too brief period of success in which blacks had a significant effect on the outcome of national elections, and which saw several African Americans elected to public office. It also witnessed a brief period in which they were beginning to make progress economically. It was only through the weight of white Southern unanimity in the former confederacy and the political pressure they were able to bring, along with an inexcusably apathetic Northern populace that abandoned blacks in order to put Reconstruction behind them, that these gains were rolled back. This period of success was almost solely through the efforts of President Grant, brave Northern Republicans who moved south to aid in the transition (derided as carpetbaggers), and the former slaves themselves.

Since she went out of her way to deride the efforts of Lincoln (incorrectly) and Johnson (correctly), the author does a huge disservice not dealing with the eight years after Johnson's Presidency, which was the crucial period in Reconstruction's evolution. Many authors think citing potential contraindications of their thesis weakens it. I think just the opposite. Dealing with it makes the integrity of the argument more solid. As it is she has provided an easy opening for those looking to diminish her work. Had she dealt with it, even with a different interpretation than the one presented above, the rest of the book would have had that much more credibility.

I know I spent an inordinate amount of time on this latter criticism. My background is in American History, and when I see it used in a way that misleads, it really sticks in my craw. Since I wholeheartedly agree with the author's overall assertions, it did not ruin the book for me. But, I worry it may provide too easy an opening for criticism which could drown out the very important assertion it is making]]>
4.46 2016 White Rage: The Unspoken Truth of Our Racial Divide
author: Carol Anderson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.46
book published: 2016
rating: 4
read at: 2017/05/03
date added: 2017/05/03
shelves:
review:
If you suffer from high blood pressure you may want to think twice about reading White Rage: The Unspoken Truth of Our Racial Divide by Carol Anderson. Her goal is to enrage the reader, and she succeeds brilliantly. Stemming from the unrest that broke out in Ferguson,MO after the police murder of Michael Brown, and the subsequent howls about "Black Rage" in the conservative media, Anderson works to set the record straight.

It is her contention, one I agree with, that it is "White Rage" - rage against the notion that blacks in this country (and now Hispanics), have any right to equal treatment under the law - that is the real source of racial disharmony in the United States. For a large segment of the white population, mainly in the south, but also in some areas of the north, the idea that black citizens should be allowed to elevate themselves politically, culturally, economically, or socially is anathema. For many, particularly the white working class, their one saving grace is their belief that blacks and other citizens of color are even lower on the social ladder than they are. And they will do anything to keep it that way, even if it means voting for political leaders who have vowed to enact policy that will directly, and adversely affect them. Witness the hundreds of thousands of those voting for Donald Trump who depend on the Affordable Care Act for their health insurance. They would rather lose that coverage than allow minorities to have those same benefits. It is the cruel legacy of slavery, deliberate strategies by Southerners after the Civil War to recast its purpose, and of the lack of moral courage by many in the North to insure the successful completion of what the war was fought for, that has allowed this structural racism to continue into the 21st century.

Making many of the same arguments as Ian Haney Lopez in Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism & Wrecked the Middle Class, Anderson devastatingly lays out the case that racism is not disappearing, but adapting. Beginning with Southern success undermining the 13th amendment banning slavery, Anderson recounts the nearly continuous white effort to insure blacks are never allowed to attain parity.

For a fairly short book she crams a lot in, including sections on Jim Crow, the institution of Black Codes, peonage, Klan violence, and Supreme Court rulings that for decades effectively neutered the 14th Amendment guaranteeing due process of law, and the 15th Amendment guaranteeing the right to vote. She recounts frantic Southern efforts to avoid the consequences of Brown vs. Board of Education which ruled the doctrine of separate but equal to be unconstitutional. Some areas of the country resist it to this day.

Perhaps the most infuriating part of the book are sections detailing Republican reaction to the election of President Barack Obama. Determined not to allow Black and Hispanic voters to play such an important role in future elections, and realizing the demographic trends were not in their favor, Republican Governors and state legislatures across the country began erecting barriers to voting for minorities, using the fig leaf of "protecting the integrity of our electoral system," as the excuse.

Frankly, the whole book was so dispiriting I find my anger is keeping me from producing a completely coherent review. I hope I have gotten my point across.

I did have one bone to pick with the author however. I recognize her intention was not to produce a comprehensive history of black-white relations in North America. I understand she began with a point of view, and that the evidence she has marshaled is designed to bolster that view. She is clear about that, so I have no problems with it as long as she is not purposely leaving out information that would seriously weaken her argument. I don't think there is any. For example, there was not a single word about the Clinton administration in the book, either good or bad. While there would be plenty to write about there, on both sides, it does no harm to her assertion by leaving it out. Relevant points that could have been made about that period were made elsewhere and would have only provided corroborating evidence.

There was one area where I felt she really dropped the ball however.

Anderson devotes a considerable amount of time recounting the efforts of the President of the United States both during the Civil War and Reconstruction with regard to the rights of slaves, and then freedmen. She wished to point out their almost complete opposition to granting them the rights they were due during this period. It is from here she draws an almost straight line to modern efforts to deny them the very same same rights. It is a crucial part of her thesis, one that she builds upon in subsequent chapters. At first it seems effective. However, there are wide and very relevant gaps in the narrative that I am afraid weakens the credibility of her argument ever so slightly.

She does a devastating job on Andrew Johnson, who deserves the all the vitriol she heaps upon him. He was a racist who almost single handedly reversed the outcome of the Civil War, allowing the south to reinstitute an effective replacement for chattel slavery. However, her treatment of Abraham Lincoln in this regard was cursory and misleading. If the reader had no knowledge of either Lincoln or Johnson before reading this book, they would come away not thinking there was a dimes worth of difference between them, after reading it. Cherry picking quotes from Lincoln early in the war, and using his desire to "let 'em [the south] up easy," after it as her evidence, she implies Lincoln's policies during Reconstruction would have been little different than Johnson's. This is simply not a credible assertion. She ignored completely Lincoln's evolving attitudes towards African Americans during the war, and his expressed desire that slavery be ended even before he became President. While he certainly held condescending attitudes toward blacks early in his career, and denied seeking social equivalence for them as the war started, those sentiments softened considerably as the war progressed, at least partly because of his admiration for the way African-American soldiers fought during the war.

Possibly because it would superficially appear to refute her apparent view that Lincoln would have not been a champion for African-American rights during Reconstruction, she virtually ignores Ulysses S. Grant. Other than again cherry picking an early quote, she completely skims by the two terms of Grant's Presidency. The fact of the matter is Grant, who believed he was carrying out the wishes of Lincoln, strenuously acted on behalf of freedmen. His views, which had also evolved during the war, led him to advocate for full political and economic rights for former slaves. It was during Grant's administration, and with his support, that the 15th amendment was passed. And once it was ratified he worked assiduously to insure the access to the ballot box that it guaranteed was enforced. He also used the army to fight against Klan violence, which was for a time successful. I have no doubt Lincoln would have followed a similar path.

Frederick Douglass, who Grant appointed to diplomatic posts in Haiti and the Dominican Republican, and who viewed Lincoln's commitment to civil rights for African Americans as sometimes tepid (though he did support Lincoln), had no such qualms about Grant. Eulogizing him after his death, Douglass called Grant "a man too broad for prejudice, too humane to despise the humblest, too great to be small at any point. In him the Negro found a protector, the Indian a friend, a vanquished foe a brother, an imperiled nation a savior."

For all of its disappointments many forget Reconstruction had an all too brief period of success in which blacks had a significant effect on the outcome of national elections, and which saw several African Americans elected to public office. It also witnessed a brief period in which they were beginning to make progress economically. It was only through the weight of white Southern unanimity in the former confederacy and the political pressure they were able to bring, along with an inexcusably apathetic Northern populace that abandoned blacks in order to put Reconstruction behind them, that these gains were rolled back. This period of success was almost solely through the efforts of President Grant, brave Northern Republicans who moved south to aid in the transition (derided as carpetbaggers), and the former slaves themselves.

Since she went out of her way to deride the efforts of Lincoln (incorrectly) and Johnson (correctly), the author does a huge disservice not dealing with the eight years after Johnson's Presidency, which was the crucial period in Reconstruction's evolution. Many authors think citing potential contraindications of their thesis weakens it. I think just the opposite. Dealing with it makes the integrity of the argument more solid. As it is she has provided an easy opening for those looking to diminish her work. Had she dealt with it, even with a different interpretation than the one presented above, the rest of the book would have had that much more credibility.

I know I spent an inordinate amount of time on this latter criticism. My background is in American History, and when I see it used in a way that misleads, it really sticks in my craw. Since I wholeheartedly agree with the author's overall assertions, it did not ruin the book for me. But, I worry it may provide too easy an opening for criticism which could drown out the very important assertion it is making
]]>
<![CDATA[Iron Dawn: The Monitor, the Merrimack, and the Civil War Sea Battle that Changed History]]> 29430800
No single sea battle has had more far-reaching consequences than the one fought in the harbor at Hampton Roads, Virginia, in March 1862. The Confederacy, with no fleet of its own, built an iron fort containing ten heavy guns on the hull of a captured Union frigate named the Merrimack . The North got word of the project when it was already well along, and, in desperation, commissioned an eccentric inventor named John Ericsson to build the Monitor , an entirely revolutionary iron warship—at the time, the single most complicated machine ever made. Abraham Lincoln himself was closely involved with the ship’s design. Rushed through to completion in just 100 days, it mounted only two guns, but they were housed in a shot-proof revolving turret. The ship hurried south from Brooklyn (and nearly sank twice on the voyage), only to arrive to find the Merrimack had arrived blazing that morning, destroyed half the Union fleet, and would be back to finish the job the next day. When she returned, the Monitor was there. She fought the Merrimack to a standstill, and saved the Union cause. As soon as word of the battle spread, Great Britain—the foremost sea power of the day—ceased work on all wooden ships. A thousand-year-old tradition ended, and the path to the naval future opened.

Richly illustrated with photos, maps, and engravings, Iron Dawn is the irresistible story of these incredible, intimidating war machines. Historian Richard Snow brings to vivid life the tensions of the time, explaining how wooden and ironclad ships worked, maneuvered, battled, and sank. This full account of the Merrimack and Monitor has never been told in such immediate, compelling detail.]]>
395 Richard Snow 1476794189 Jim 4 Iron Dawn: The Monitor, the Merrimack, and the Civil War Battle that Changed History, has taken a well known piece of American History, and transformed it into a rip snorting narrative. In this case, the epic sea battle between the first American ironclads, USS Monitor and CSS Virginia (better known as the Merrimack) has been given the narrative treatment, complete with fleshed out character studies, end of chapter cliff hangers, and a well defined story arc, that easily sucks the reader in. My standard for these books is if by 1/3 of the way through the book you forget you are learning history, it is a success. This book has no trouble meeting that standard.

The book is well written throughout, providing good transitions between chapters that keep you from wanting to take a break. Occasionally though, he breaks this momentum with a slight over adherence to maintaining its chronological format. An example is the chapter detailing the first day of the Battle of Hampton Roads in which the Merrimack decimated the U.S. fleet anchored in the harbor. Describing the end of the battle and the commencement of nightfall I was waiting for some prelude to the arrival of the Monitor, which would be both accurate and exciting. He didn't, which took the wind out of my sails a bit as I kept reading. These momentum breaks were few and far between though, so not a serious detriment to the book.

He provides good insight into the building and operation of the two ironclads, without getting over technical, and his narration describes vividly what it was like for the two crews living and working on these ships. He also does a very good job fleshing out the personalities of the important players on each side without breaking the narrative momentum, which is a problem for other authors.
There is no interpretive ground broken in this book, which was clearly not the author's intention anyway. He has given us a great story, well told.

Highly Recommended (but wait til a lazy summer day, preferably at the beach, to read it!)]]>
4.16 2016 Iron Dawn: The Monitor, the Merrimack, and the Civil War Sea Battle that Changed History
author: Richard Snow
name: Jim
average rating: 4.16
book published: 2016
rating: 4
read at: 2017/04/28
date added: 2017/05/01
shelves:
review:
Beach reading for history nerds. In the tradition of David McCullough, Nathaniel Philbrick and other popularizers of American History, Richard Snow, in Iron Dawn: The Monitor, the Merrimack, and the Civil War Battle that Changed History, has taken a well known piece of American History, and transformed it into a rip snorting narrative. In this case, the epic sea battle between the first American ironclads, USS Monitor and CSS Virginia (better known as the Merrimack) has been given the narrative treatment, complete with fleshed out character studies, end of chapter cliff hangers, and a well defined story arc, that easily sucks the reader in. My standard for these books is if by 1/3 of the way through the book you forget you are learning history, it is a success. This book has no trouble meeting that standard.

The book is well written throughout, providing good transitions between chapters that keep you from wanting to take a break. Occasionally though, he breaks this momentum with a slight over adherence to maintaining its chronological format. An example is the chapter detailing the first day of the Battle of Hampton Roads in which the Merrimack decimated the U.S. fleet anchored in the harbor. Describing the end of the battle and the commencement of nightfall I was waiting for some prelude to the arrival of the Monitor, which would be both accurate and exciting. He didn't, which took the wind out of my sails a bit as I kept reading. These momentum breaks were few and far between though, so not a serious detriment to the book.

He provides good insight into the building and operation of the two ironclads, without getting over technical, and his narration describes vividly what it was like for the two crews living and working on these ships. He also does a very good job fleshing out the personalities of the important players on each side without breaking the narrative momentum, which is a problem for other authors.
There is no interpretive ground broken in this book, which was clearly not the author's intention anyway. He has given us a great story, well told.

Highly Recommended (but wait til a lazy summer day, preferably at the beach, to read it!)
]]>
Fahrenheit 451 17470674
Guy Montag is a fireman. His job is to burn books, which are forbidden, being the source of all discord and unhappiness. Even so, Montag is unhappy; there is discord in his marriage. Are books hidden in his house? The Mechanical Hound of the Fire Department, armed with a lethal hypodermic, escorted by helicopters, is ready to track down those dissidents who defy society to preserve and read books.

The classic dystopian novel of a post-literate future, Fahrenheit 451 stands alongside Orwell’s 1984 and Huxley’s Brave New World as a prophetic account of Western civilization’s enslavement by the media, drugs and conformity.

Bradbury’s powerful and poetic prose combines with uncanny insight into the potential of technology to create a novel which, decades on from first publication, still has the power to dazzle and shock.

--back cover]]>
227 Ray Bradbury 0007491565 Jim 5 4.01 1953 Fahrenheit 451
author: Ray Bradbury
name: Jim
average rating: 4.01
book published: 1953
rating: 5
read at:
date added: 2017/04/27
shelves:
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Shot All to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape]]> 16248031 To Hell on a Fast Horse, takes us inside Northfield's First National Bank and outside to the streets as Jesse James and his band of outlaws square off against the heroic citizens who risked their lives to defeat America's most daring criminals. With vivid detail and novelistic verve, Gardner follows the James brothers as they elude both the authorities and the furious citizen posses hell-bent on capturing them in one of the largest manhunts in the history of the United States. He reveals the serendipitous endings of the Younger brothers—Cole, Jim, and Bob—and explores the James brothers' fates after the dust settled, solving mysteries about the raid that have been hotly debated for more than 130 years.

A galloping true tale of frontier justice featuring audacious outlaws and intrepid heroes, Shot All to Hell is a riveting slice of Wild West history that continues to fascinate today.]]>
320 Mark Lee Gardner 0061989479 Jim 4 Shot all to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape, is an excellent addition to the literature surrounding the life of Jesse James and the history of the James-Younger Gang. Very well written, its primary focus is on events leading up to their raid on the First National Bank of Northfield, MN, and the factors that influenced their decision to conduct a raid so far from their Missouri base. It does not claim to be a full biography of James or the James-Younger gang, but it does include enough of their history to put their actions into proper context. The book is not perfect for reasons I will mention below, but is well researched, and exceedingly readable.

Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang are one of those historical Rorschach tests that usefully expose the biases of different segments of society. Whether one views the gang as heroes, anti-heroes, or villains often is a function of life experience, education and economic circumstance. For many the gang represents a rejection of political correctness, and those viewed as elites trying to dictate how people should lead their lives. For others, they are an embodiment of the "Lost Cause" interpretation of the Civil War; a committed band of unreconstructed rebels, refusing to concede the end of their dream of an independent confederacy based on states� rights and slavery. For still others, they represent an American version of the Robin Hood myth (for which there is no evidence). And lastly, for some, particularly descendants of their victims, or those who intellectually reject the notion that robbery and murder are in any way romantic, the James-Younger gang were simply killers, unable to get past Confederate defeat, compelled to continue the terrorism they practiced as bushwhackers under William Quantrill and Bloody Bill Anderson during the Civil War.

For me, they are closer to the latter description. The more I read about them, the less I am inclined to view them as anything other than criminals. I recognize they are products of their experiences, but that does not make them admirable. That isn't to say however, that I don't find them fascinating. I think they do embody an aspect of the Civil War South that I think is important to understand. In states like Missouri and Kansas, the Civil War was a guerilla fight, one which pitted neighbor against neighbor in the most brutal way imaginable. In this it was much like the Revolutionary war as experienced in the southern back country - brutal and personal. The legacy of that fight is with us today.

Other than my general interest in virtually anything historical, I also have a personal interest in the James-Younger gang. One of the employees shot by them in the failed raid on the First National Bank in Northfield, MN - Alonzo Bunker - is a branch on my family tree. He was the son of my Great-Great-Great Grandfather. Growing up, we always heard stories about the relative who was shot by Jesse James, and my Great Grandfather who I knew as a child, had met him. Bunker wasn't actually shot by James, but by gang member Charlie Pitts; still it was close enough to the truth to pique my interest growing up.

Most books on Jesse James and the James-Younger gang tend to take an admiring view of them. Authors invested in "Lost Cause" mythology are more likely to take a charitable view of their criminality, often excusing it as a justifiable response to some wrong they suffered, such as the botched Pinkerton raid on their home that killed their brother Archie, and severely wounded their mother. Other authors, who have a romantic view of the West and Western lore, seem unable to resist the lure of the "brave and daring" Jesse James. This has combined to make the outlaws pop culture heroes. Rarely are movies made about them, for example, that do not depict them as heroes or anti-heroes. A great example of this is the well-made but severely flawed "Long Riders," produced in 1980. All of this makes it difficult to get to the truth about them and their activities.

There are a few even-handed treatments of them that try to get to the truth about their actions, and that attempt to put them in a political, cultural, economic, and psychological context. One of the best of these is Jesse James: Last Rebel of the Civil War by T.J. Stiles, who does a nice job of digging into the political climate in post war Missouri that allowed the James-Younger gang to operate with virtual impunity.

The subject of this review, "Shot all to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape," by Mark Lee Gardiner, falls somewhere in between these types. As the title of the book suggests, with its focus on the escape of Jesse and Frank James, rather than the capture or killing of the other six gang members, the author sometimes betrays a sneaking admiration for the outlaws. On the other hand, he doesn't shy away from highlighting their brutality, detailing some of the murders committed by them during and after the years after the Civil War. And, it is clear he admires the townspeople of Northfield who did what no one else had done, fought back against the gang. He movingly highlights the heroics of some of the townspeople, particularly Joseph Lee Heywood who was killed by Frank James after he repeatedly refused to open the bank's safe.

Northfield celebrates this event to this day, with its annual “Defeat of Jesse James Days,� one of the largest town festivals in Minnesota.

Gardiner is an excellent writer. The book, written in a narrative style, was at times a real page turner. His research is detailed, and seems spot on, illuminating many aspects of the Northfield raid that I had never read about before. For example, I had always known bystander Nicholas Gustafson was killed in the street outside the bank; shot in the head. What I did not know was that he did not die right away. In fact, he was able to get up, walk away, speak with others, and clean his wound. He actually died several days later as his brain began to swell. Most depictions of the event have him lying dead in the street. It was these kinds of details which really elevated the book. His chapters detailing the raid itself and the subsequent manhunt are among the best I have read. And he does an excellent job of teasing out interesting portraits of some of the lesser known actors in this drama, including 16-year-old Oscar Sorbel, the "Paul Revere of the Northfield Raid," whose persistence eventually led to the killing of gang member Charlie Pitts, and capture of Bob, Jim, and Cole Younger.

On the other hand, the portions of the book detailing the early days of the James's and Youngers as Confederate bushwhackers during the Civil War, and their early criminal career, weren't as detailed. It is adequate to set up the events leading up to the Northfield Raid, but not much more. This doesn’t detract much from the power of the book however. Gardiner is not attempting an exhaustive biography of the outlaws and so only provides what is needed to put the Raid itself into some context. He is also not explicitly attempting to put them into a larger political or social context. He does provide some of this though as an organic part of the narrative. What he chooses to highlight and incidents he describes do help one form a rudimentary political and psychological profile of the gang. A good example of this is the gang's alleged reaction when they found out Adelbert Ames, a Union General, Reconstruction Governor of Mississippi, and son-in-law of the hated Benjamin Butler was living in Northfield, and had considerable holdings with the bank. The desire for sweet revenge against one who they believed had forced Yankee rule on the South and negro equality on the country may have become one reason for choosing Northfield as the target.

There were problems with the book. Occasionally the narrative dragged a bit, particularly when recounting the gang’s robbery of the train at Rocky Cut near Otterville, MO. He occasionally apes conventional wisdom, such as his dismissal of Ulysses S. Grant’s presidency as a scandal ridden failure. There is much recent scholarship that casts serious doubt on that assertion. And, as I noted earlier, he occasionally betrays a sneaking admiration for the outlaws that I find unnecessary. Not enough to cast doubt on the objectivity of his narrative, but worth mentioning. Overall though this is fine reading, a book any history nerd would enjoy.

]]>
4.01 2013 Shot All to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape
author: Mark Lee Gardner
name: Jim
average rating: 4.01
book published: 2013
rating: 4
read at: 2017/04/21
date added: 2017/04/21
shelves:
review:
Shot all to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape, is an excellent addition to the literature surrounding the life of Jesse James and the history of the James-Younger Gang. Very well written, its primary focus is on events leading up to their raid on the First National Bank of Northfield, MN, and the factors that influenced their decision to conduct a raid so far from their Missouri base. It does not claim to be a full biography of James or the James-Younger gang, but it does include enough of their history to put their actions into proper context. The book is not perfect for reasons I will mention below, but is well researched, and exceedingly readable.

Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang are one of those historical Rorschach tests that usefully expose the biases of different segments of society. Whether one views the gang as heroes, anti-heroes, or villains often is a function of life experience, education and economic circumstance. For many the gang represents a rejection of political correctness, and those viewed as elites trying to dictate how people should lead their lives. For others, they are an embodiment of the "Lost Cause" interpretation of the Civil War; a committed band of unreconstructed rebels, refusing to concede the end of their dream of an independent confederacy based on states� rights and slavery. For still others, they represent an American version of the Robin Hood myth (for which there is no evidence). And lastly, for some, particularly descendants of their victims, or those who intellectually reject the notion that robbery and murder are in any way romantic, the James-Younger gang were simply killers, unable to get past Confederate defeat, compelled to continue the terrorism they practiced as bushwhackers under William Quantrill and Bloody Bill Anderson during the Civil War.

For me, they are closer to the latter description. The more I read about them, the less I am inclined to view them as anything other than criminals. I recognize they are products of their experiences, but that does not make them admirable. That isn't to say however, that I don't find them fascinating. I think they do embody an aspect of the Civil War South that I think is important to understand. In states like Missouri and Kansas, the Civil War was a guerilla fight, one which pitted neighbor against neighbor in the most brutal way imaginable. In this it was much like the Revolutionary war as experienced in the southern back country - brutal and personal. The legacy of that fight is with us today.

Other than my general interest in virtually anything historical, I also have a personal interest in the James-Younger gang. One of the employees shot by them in the failed raid on the First National Bank in Northfield, MN - Alonzo Bunker - is a branch on my family tree. He was the son of my Great-Great-Great Grandfather. Growing up, we always heard stories about the relative who was shot by Jesse James, and my Great Grandfather who I knew as a child, had met him. Bunker wasn't actually shot by James, but by gang member Charlie Pitts; still it was close enough to the truth to pique my interest growing up.

Most books on Jesse James and the James-Younger gang tend to take an admiring view of them. Authors invested in "Lost Cause" mythology are more likely to take a charitable view of their criminality, often excusing it as a justifiable response to some wrong they suffered, such as the botched Pinkerton raid on their home that killed their brother Archie, and severely wounded their mother. Other authors, who have a romantic view of the West and Western lore, seem unable to resist the lure of the "brave and daring" Jesse James. This has combined to make the outlaws pop culture heroes. Rarely are movies made about them, for example, that do not depict them as heroes or anti-heroes. A great example of this is the well-made but severely flawed "Long Riders," produced in 1980. All of this makes it difficult to get to the truth about them and their activities.

There are a few even-handed treatments of them that try to get to the truth about their actions, and that attempt to put them in a political, cultural, economic, and psychological context. One of the best of these is Jesse James: Last Rebel of the Civil War by T.J. Stiles, who does a nice job of digging into the political climate in post war Missouri that allowed the James-Younger gang to operate with virtual impunity.

The subject of this review, "Shot all to Hell: Jesse James, the Northfield Raid, and the Wild West's Greatest Escape," by Mark Lee Gardiner, falls somewhere in between these types. As the title of the book suggests, with its focus on the escape of Jesse and Frank James, rather than the capture or killing of the other six gang members, the author sometimes betrays a sneaking admiration for the outlaws. On the other hand, he doesn't shy away from highlighting their brutality, detailing some of the murders committed by them during and after the years after the Civil War. And, it is clear he admires the townspeople of Northfield who did what no one else had done, fought back against the gang. He movingly highlights the heroics of some of the townspeople, particularly Joseph Lee Heywood who was killed by Frank James after he repeatedly refused to open the bank's safe.

Northfield celebrates this event to this day, with its annual “Defeat of Jesse James Days,� one of the largest town festivals in Minnesota.

Gardiner is an excellent writer. The book, written in a narrative style, was at times a real page turner. His research is detailed, and seems spot on, illuminating many aspects of the Northfield raid that I had never read about before. For example, I had always known bystander Nicholas Gustafson was killed in the street outside the bank; shot in the head. What I did not know was that he did not die right away. In fact, he was able to get up, walk away, speak with others, and clean his wound. He actually died several days later as his brain began to swell. Most depictions of the event have him lying dead in the street. It was these kinds of details which really elevated the book. His chapters detailing the raid itself and the subsequent manhunt are among the best I have read. And he does an excellent job of teasing out interesting portraits of some of the lesser known actors in this drama, including 16-year-old Oscar Sorbel, the "Paul Revere of the Northfield Raid," whose persistence eventually led to the killing of gang member Charlie Pitts, and capture of Bob, Jim, and Cole Younger.

On the other hand, the portions of the book detailing the early days of the James's and Youngers as Confederate bushwhackers during the Civil War, and their early criminal career, weren't as detailed. It is adequate to set up the events leading up to the Northfield Raid, but not much more. This doesn’t detract much from the power of the book however. Gardiner is not attempting an exhaustive biography of the outlaws and so only provides what is needed to put the Raid itself into some context. He is also not explicitly attempting to put them into a larger political or social context. He does provide some of this though as an organic part of the narrative. What he chooses to highlight and incidents he describes do help one form a rudimentary political and psychological profile of the gang. A good example of this is the gang's alleged reaction when they found out Adelbert Ames, a Union General, Reconstruction Governor of Mississippi, and son-in-law of the hated Benjamin Butler was living in Northfield, and had considerable holdings with the bank. The desire for sweet revenge against one who they believed had forced Yankee rule on the South and negro equality on the country may have become one reason for choosing Northfield as the target.

There were problems with the book. Occasionally the narrative dragged a bit, particularly when recounting the gang’s robbery of the train at Rocky Cut near Otterville, MO. He occasionally apes conventional wisdom, such as his dismissal of Ulysses S. Grant’s presidency as a scandal ridden failure. There is much recent scholarship that casts serious doubt on that assertion. And, as I noted earlier, he occasionally betrays a sneaking admiration for the outlaws that I find unnecessary. Not enough to cast doubt on the objectivity of his narrative, but worth mentioning. Overall though this is fine reading, a book any history nerd would enjoy.


]]>
<![CDATA[The Myth of the Lost Cause: Why the South Fought the Civil War and Why the North Won]]> 25404809 The Myth of the Lost Cause, historian Edward Bonekemper deconstructs this multi-faceted myth, revealing the truth about the war that nearly tore the nation apart 150 years ago.]]> 352 Edward H. Bonekemper III 1621574547 Jim 3 4.13 2015 The Myth of the Lost Cause: Why the South Fought the Civil War and Why the North Won
author: Edward H. Bonekemper III
name: Jim
average rating: 4.13
book published: 2015
rating: 3
read at: 2017/02/12
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Longer review coming. Bonekemper is becoming the go to historian for counters to Southern inspired myths about the Civil War, from its cause, to how figures integral to its prosecution have been remembered. Here he takes on the whole notion of the Lost Cause, effectively debunking 100 years of conventional wisdom, successfully inserted into mainstream histories of the war through a concerted effort by Southern apologists to whitewash its real cause. There are some flaws with this book...he repeats much of what he presented in his previous books, and spends an inordinate amount of time on some topics out of proportion to the rest of the book. Overall a very good presentation however.
]]>
<![CDATA[Infamy: The Shocking Story of the Japanese American Internment in World War II]]> 22320449 A LOS ANGELES TIMES BESTSELLER � A NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW EDITOR'S CHOICE � Bestselling author Richard Reeves provides an authoritative account of the internment of more than 120,000 Japanese-Americans and Japanese aliens during World War II

Less than three months after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor and inflamed the nation, President Roosevelt signed an executive order declaring parts of four western states to be a war zone operating under military rule. The U.S. Army immediately began rounding up thousands of Japanese-Americans, sometimes giving them less than 24 hours to vacate their houses and farms. For the rest of the war, these victims of war hysteria were imprisoned in primitive camps.

In Infamy, the story of this appalling chapter in American history is told more powerfully than ever before. Acclaimed historian Richard Reeves has interviewed survivors, read numerous private letters and memoirs, and combed through archives to deliver a sweeping narrative of this atrocity. Men we usually consider heroes-FDR, Earl Warren, Edward R. Murrow-were in this case villains, but we also learn of many Americans who took great risks to defend the rights of the internees. Most especially, we hear the poignant stories of those who spent years in "war relocation camps," many of whom suffered this terrible injustice with remarkable grace.

Racism, greed, xenophobia, and a thirst for revenge: a dark strand in the American character underlies this story of one of the most shameful episodes in our history. But by recovering the past, Infamy has given voice to those who ultimately helped the nation better understand the true meaning of patriotism.

Praise for Infamy

“A compulsively readable, emotionally rich and passionately written account of the internment of 120,000 American Japanese in concentration camps during World War II.... Reeves' excellent Infamy, the first popular, general history of the subject in more than 25 years, reminds us that not only can it happen here, it did.... Every reader who has lived the post-9/11 era will immediately notice the parallels.”� Los Angeles Times

“Highly readable.... The story of this national disgrace, long buried...still has the power to shock. [Infamy is a] vivid and instructive reminder of what war and fear can do to civilized people.� �Evan Thomas, The New York Times Book Review

“History's judgment is that internment...was wrong. Mr. Reeves's excellent book gives us an opportunity to learn from past mistakes.... Reeves is especially good at bringing to life the social experience of internment.� � The Wall Street Journal

“Richard Reeves's book on the harsh, prolonged and unjustified internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II is a detailed account of a painful and shameful period in modern American history. Infamy combines Reeves's journalist's training with his historian's eye to give us a page-turner on how hysteria at the highest levels can shatter our most fundamental rights. Brace yourself and read this very important book.� � Tom Brokaw, author of The Greatest Generation

“For years, the unjust relocation and incarceration of more than 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the West Coast during World War II - the majority of them American citizens - was shrouded in shame and secrecy.... [Infamy's] greatest strength is probably Reeves's masterful use of anecdotes, which enliven an epic story with poignant tales of individual hardship, courage, and endurance.� � The Boston Globe

�Infamy tells the story of why and how the American government--with the full support of its citizenry--illegally interned Japanese-Americans. Richard Reeves even-handedly examines this dangerous precedent-setting time when the Constitution was trampled by misinformation, prejudice, and fear. Today as Muslim and Hispanic immigrants are being blamed for America's ills, Infamy is a timely and important read.� � James Bradley, author of Flags of Our Fathers and The China Mirage

â€Ŕá˛Ô Infamy, journalist Richard Reeves...provides a sweeping and searching account of this appalling chapter in the history of the United States.... Reeves reserves the heart of his book -- and rightfully so -- for a narrative of the heartbreaking experiences of evacuated individuals and families.â€� â€� San Francisco Chronicle

�Infamy...is perhaps the most thorough history of the relocation to date.� � The Denver Post

“More than 120,000 Japanese-Americans were locked up during World War II...[and Infamy] tells their tale with energy, compassion and moral outrage.... With meticulous care [Reeves documents] the decisions made in Washington by the world's most powerful men, and how those decisions affected the lives of ordinary Americans whose only crime was to be of Japanese descent.� � Minneapolis Star Tribune ]]>
285 Richard Reeves 0805094083 Jim 5 3.98 2015 Infamy: The Shocking Story of the Japanese American Internment in World War II
author: Richard Reeves
name: Jim
average rating: 3.98
book published: 2015
rating: 5
read at: 2017/02/04
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Will write a longer review soon...but this is a must read. The parallels to what is going on in our country now are startling...and very troubling!
]]>
<![CDATA[American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant]]> 28364004 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER - From the author of A. Lincoln, a major new biography of one of America's greatest generals--and most misunderstood presidents

Finalist for the Gilder-Lehrman Military History Book Prize

In his time, Ulysses S. Grant was routinely grouped with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln in the "Trinity of Great American Leaders." But the battlefield commander-turned-commander-in-chief fell out of favor in the twentieth century. In American Ulysses, Ronald C. White argues that we need to once more revise our estimates of him in the twenty-first.

Based on seven years of research with primary documents--some of them never examined by previous Grant scholars--this is destined to become the Grant biography of our time. White, a biographer exceptionally skilled at writing momentous history from the inside out, shows Grant to be a generous, curious, introspective man and leader--a willing delegator with a natural gift for managing the rampaging egos of his fellow officers. His wife, Julia Dent Grant, long marginalized in the historic record, emerges in her own right as a spirited and influential partner.

Grant was not only a brilliant general but also a passionate defender of equal rights in post-Civil War America. After winning election to the White House in 1868, he used the power of the federal government to battle the Ku Klux Klan. He was the first president to state that the government's policy toward American Indians was immoral, and the first ex-president to embark on a world tour, and he cemented his reputation for courage by racing against death to complete his Personal Memoirs. Published by Mark Twain, it is widely considered to be the greatest autobiography by an American leader, but its place in Grant's life story has never been fully explored--until now.

One of those rare books that successfully recast our impression of an iconic historical figure, American Ulysses gives us a finely honed, three-dimensional portrait of Grant the man--husband, father, leader, writer--that should set the standard by which all future biographies of him will be measured.

Praise for American Ulysses

"[Ronald C. White] portrays a deeply introspective man of ideals, a man of measured thought and careful action who found himself in the crosshairs of American history at its most crucial moment."--USA Today

"White delineates Grant's virtues better than any author before. . . . By the end, readers will see how fortunate the nation was that Grant went into the world--to save the Union, to lead it and, on his deathbed, to write one of the finest memoirs in all of American letters."--The New York Times Book Review

"Ronald White has restored Ulysses S. Grant to his proper place in history with a biography whose breadth and tone suit the man perfectly. Like Grant himself, this book will have staying power."--The Wall Street Journal

"Magisterial . . . Grant's esteem in the eyes of historians has increased significantly in the last generation. . . . [American Ulysses] is the newest heavyweight champion in this movement."--The Boston Globe

"Superb . . . illuminating, inspiring and deeply moving . . . The Grant we meet in American Ulysses is richly deserving of a fuller understanding and of celebration for the man he was and the legacy he left us."--Chicago Tribune

"In this sympathetic, rigorously sourced biography, White . . . conveys the essence of Grant the man and Grant the warrior."--Newsday]]>
864 Ronald C. White Jr. 1400069025 Jim 4 Note: This review replaces the much shorter one I posted a couple of weeks ago

---

Another in a series of books attempting to restore the life and career of Ulysses S. Grant into proper historical perspective. Undoubtedly the most popular man in America at the time of his death in 1885, his reputation has taken a beating in the years since the end of Reconstruction. Due to a combination of Northern exhaustion after 15 years of Civil War and Reconstruction, and a purposeful campaign by Southern historians and heritage groups looking to recast the war as anything other than a fight to retain the institution of slavery, many myths about Grant have taken hold in popular imagination.

Ronald C. White, in American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant, has given us a very accessible, and personal, biography of Grant that puts to rest many of the myths about him that have gained a foothold in popular memory since his death. He also provides what I consider to be one of the best reviews of Grant's Presidency that has so far been published; one that puts it into proper historical context given the many challenges he faced after the disastrous Johnson years.

At the moment of his death on July 23, 1885, Ulysses S. Grant was arguably the most revered man in America. He had shepherded the Union war effort to ultimate victory, had completed two terms as President, which, if not spectacularly successful in hindsight, had done little to diminish his popularity, and he had riveted the nation with his heroic struggle against time, as he raced to complete his memoirs before the ravages of throat cancer took his life. Those memoirs, completed only five days before his death, are the widely acknowledged gold standard among military autobiographies, and their popularity restored the Grant family fortune. The country went into deep and prolonged mourning after his death, with 1.5 million people attending his New York funeral. Despite this though, By the end of the 19th century, Grant's reputation had undergone a large, and largely negative, change.

Ask the average person today what they know about Ulysses S. Grant and you are as likely to hear that he was a "butcher" and a "drunk," as you are to hear he was the preeminent military figure of the Civil war whose skill and strategic genius saved the union. As with most myths however, the truth is far more complicated. And in the case of Grant, they are almost universally incorrect. White does a very good job of separating fact from fiction with regards to these myths.

One of the most pernicious of these myths surrounds Grant's alleged drinking problem. It is supposedly the cause of his forced resignation from the Army, and was at the root of any setback he experienced throughout the war. Grant didn't discipline his troops after the initial victory at Belmont, so he must have been drinking. Grant wasn't prepared for Albert Sidney Johnston's attach at Shiloh, so he must have been drinking. Grant unwisely ordered a last assault at Cold Harbor, so he must have been drinking. And on and on and on�

Politics too played a part. Rumors that Grant had resigned from the Army in 1854 because of his drinking allowed rival Generals, usually those annoyed that Grant's success was getting in the way of their glory, to raise the specter that he had fallen off the wagon and should be replaced, with the usual recommendation being that the replacement should be the one making the charge.

White deals with these rumors in a very effective way. Rather than devoting a whole chapter on the topic, which to me has the effect of elevating their credibility, he simply deals with them within the timeline of the narrative. He does not assert Grant did not drink - he clearly did - he simply notes there is no convincing evidence that Grant routinely drank to excess, or that his drinking had any effect on his military performance. Contemporary evidence, other than repeated rumors, are almost non-existent. Every person sent to Grant's command to investigate these rumors, reported back they had no basis in fact. So the reality then, as White shows, is that while Grant was not a teetotaler, he did not have a serious drinking problem. And there is not a scrap of evidence drinking ever had an effect on his performance during the war.

Another persistent myth about Grant relates to his military skill. Southerners, eager to elevate their participation in the war as a heroic struggle against a marauding north intent on trampling rights guaranteed them in the Constitution, had to come up with ways to explain their defeat that didn't involve admitting any fault with their (lost) cause. From this sprang first, the assertion that Southern soldiers were superior to the northern counterparts. Whereas they portrayed themselves as selfless warriors merely looking to defend hearth and home, Northern troops were depicted as the lackeys of money grubbers looking to strip the South of its wealth, or, as so eloquently put by Shelby Foote, Confederates believed "one Southern soldier was worth ten Yankee hirelings." Ironically, an argument could persuasively be made that the reality was exactly the opposite. Confederate soldiers were fighting so the landed gentry could maintain their way of life, one that depended on slavery. It was the North that was fighting for a concept - "Union."

The second, and possibly the most important part of this effort to recast the war, was the importance of demonstrating the superiority of Confederate Generals. The post war south wanted heroes to latch on to. They had to be portrayed as honorable men, fighting for a righteous cause. They also had to find an explanation for their defeat other than the superiority of their northern counterparts. This was particularly true with their most idolized figure - Robert E. Lee.
Southerners dealt with these needs in two ways. First, they asserted the only way the North could have defeated the South was through brute force and overwhelming numbers. At no point, they asserted, were southern generals outmatched, or southern troops outfought. They simply lacked the resources needed to win. Secondly, in order to elevate the character of their hero Lee, they had to deflate that of the man who defeated him - Ulysses S. Grant.

White doesn't deal extensively in what ifs related to the manpower argument. The South certainly had the resources it needed to win the war had it employed an effective strategy. It didn't. He does debunk the notion that Grant was victorious solely through the application of overwhelming force. After all, the North had that same advantage from the beginning of the war, and were not able to defeat Lee. Only when an able General, one who understood the strategies needed to overwhelm Lee, took command, were they able to win. The fact is, as White shows, northern troops were equally as brave and skilled as their southern counterparts; and Grant was superior to Lee, particularly as a strategic thinker. Lee was myopically focused on the eastern theater, while Grant viewed the conflict as a nationwide one. Where Lee cared little for what happened in the west, Grant realized that success there made victory in the east more attainable.

White does a very effective job debunking most of the negative assertions about Grants military ability. He does not do this by ignoring Grant's failures (e.g. Cold Harbor), or by denigrating the ability of Robert E. Lee. He presents an effective, though not ground breaking review of Grant's efforts up to his elevation as General in Chief, and provides a very fair analysis of events after that point.

The only conclusion that can plausibly be drawn from available evidence is that Grant, far from being a butcher of men, was in fact a skilled tactician and strategist, who made effective use of his resources. He put in place an effective strategy for winning the war, and executed it with considerable skill. Robert E. Lee did present the toughest resistance Grant had come up against during the war, but Grant was more than equal to the task. His casualty rates during the Overland Campaign were appalling of course, but that was the expected result of the type of fighting needed to bludgeon the South into submission. Always on the attack Grant was guaranteed to suffer more casualties. But as a percentage of his Army they were no worse than Lee's. And if one looks at the entire war, Grant lost considerably fewer men while in command than Lee did.

Following Lee's surrender, Grant's role changed. He entered the political realm, first as General in Chief under the volatile Andrew Johnson, then as interim Secretary of War, and finally as President. White provides an excellent review of this time, far better than most biographies of Grant which tend to rush through this period.

For many years, Grant has ranked near the bottom of the list of effective Presidents. But in recent years, as historians have begun to take a more dispassionate look at his two terms, that ranking has improved. White does what many biographers have not, examined his Presidency in the context of the challenges he faced.

As President, after two year of conflict under Andrew Johnson who aided the South as it tried to reassert white dominance, Grant faced a daunting task. Not only was he trying to repair the country, he was trying to protect the rights of newly freed slaves. Ambivalent about slavery before the war, Grant became a staunch supporter of full citizenship for former slaves after it.

He made significant progress pushing back the Ku Klux Klan, and successfully navigated the rough political waters that went along with military reconstruction in the South. Many assert, including I think the author, that Grant should be considered the first Civil Rights President. Strong evidence for this includes the views of Frederick Douglass, who had a tepid opinion of Lincoln's efforts on behalf of blacks, but strongly support Grant's. The support of Jewish leaders as well, who were insulted by Grant's infamous General Order #11 in 1862 that singled out Jewish traders for condemnation, but who came around to view him as an ally, is another piece of evidence in favor of that view. And not only was he a proponent of full rights for African Americans, but he tried to install a liberal policy regarding Native Americans, believing the government had trampled on their rights.

As events eventually overtook the country, and weariness after 15 years of war and the conflict of Reconstruction set in, much of what Grant did and tried to do, was rolled back by subsequent administrations. It would be nearly a century before blacks were able to get restored to them anything close to their full rights again. But, Grant's efforts here were noble, and were for a time successful. He deserves credit for that.

Grant also had to deal with several economic issues during his administration. Early in his first term, wealthy speculators Jay Gould and James Fisk tried to corner the gold market. Grant intervened to stop them just in time, the result of which was Black Friday, a panic that led to months of financial devastation. White argues Grant's quick action should be credited. While that is true, I think he goes too far in absolving Grant here. He either didn’t realize or didn’t want to realize, that he was being used by Gould and Fisk. Had he been more diligent, he might have been able to terminate their machinations without the subsequent panic.

White also gives Grant too much credit for the way he dealt with the depression of 1873. The crisis, which was the result of over speculation in railroad stock, led Grant to further contract the money supply in order to prevent over inflation. White implies this was the correct move in that it kept inflation from getting out of hand. However, at the same time it caused interest rates to rise, which hurt those in debt (as Grant acknowledged and agonized over), and severely limited the amount of money available to companies with growth plans. Those actions probably prolonged the downturn.

White compares Grant's steady, no nonsense reaction to the crisis to Franklin Roosevelt's reaction to the Great Depression of the 1930s, as he tried to cheer lead the economy into action, which White implies was a less effective strategy. This is not a good comparison. Grant's reaction was to the immediate crisis as it occurred, while FDR's was to an economy that had been in depression for three years, and which had sapped the countries will. A more apt comparison would have been to Hoover, whose reaction was much the same as Grant's, a refusal to apply stimulus, thus prolonging the crisis.

White also deals effectively with the numerous scandals that occurred during Grant's two terms. Seemingly unable to believe anyone he had known and trusted could act duplicitously, he was slow to remove corrupt officials, and remained loyal to those taking advantage of their relationship with him for far too long. Grant was personally incorruptible, but was seemingly blind to corruption around him until it instigated a crisis. This is the reason Grant is ranked as a middling President rather than an above average one.

Overall I think anyone with an interest in Ulysses S. Grant would enjoy this book immensely. It is generally fair (with the exceptions I noted), and effectively deals with the many myths surrounding Grant and his career. He does a nice job of tying Grant's life as a boy and student at West Point to his later action as General and President. He does a nice job of recounting Grant's career, and his service in both Mexico and in the Civil War. He provides a very lucid account of Grant's Presidency that puts it into the context of the challenges he faced. He also gives a great account of Grant's world tour after his White House years, and a very moving one of his final death struggle.

Most importantly, it is very well written

There are flaws, some of which I noted. He was at times quick to give Grant the benefit of the doubt in cases where there was an equally plausible counter argument. He also seemed to take great pains to portray Grant as a devout Christian. He was a believer of course, but I don't think religion played a particularly important role in his life. And finally I think he gave Grant too much credit for his reactions to the gold crisis in 1869 and the depression of 1873.

Still, highly recommended!



]]>
4.14 2016 American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant
author: Ronald C. White Jr.
name: Jim
average rating: 4.14
book published: 2016
rating: 4
read at: 2017/04/04
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Note: This review replaces the much shorter one I posted a couple of weeks ago

---

Another in a series of books attempting to restore the life and career of Ulysses S. Grant into proper historical perspective. Undoubtedly the most popular man in America at the time of his death in 1885, his reputation has taken a beating in the years since the end of Reconstruction. Due to a combination of Northern exhaustion after 15 years of Civil War and Reconstruction, and a purposeful campaign by Southern historians and heritage groups looking to recast the war as anything other than a fight to retain the institution of slavery, many myths about Grant have taken hold in popular imagination.

Ronald C. White, in American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant, has given us a very accessible, and personal, biography of Grant that puts to rest many of the myths about him that have gained a foothold in popular memory since his death. He also provides what I consider to be one of the best reviews of Grant's Presidency that has so far been published; one that puts it into proper historical context given the many challenges he faced after the disastrous Johnson years.

At the moment of his death on July 23, 1885, Ulysses S. Grant was arguably the most revered man in America. He had shepherded the Union war effort to ultimate victory, had completed two terms as President, which, if not spectacularly successful in hindsight, had done little to diminish his popularity, and he had riveted the nation with his heroic struggle against time, as he raced to complete his memoirs before the ravages of throat cancer took his life. Those memoirs, completed only five days before his death, are the widely acknowledged gold standard among military autobiographies, and their popularity restored the Grant family fortune. The country went into deep and prolonged mourning after his death, with 1.5 million people attending his New York funeral. Despite this though, By the end of the 19th century, Grant's reputation had undergone a large, and largely negative, change.

Ask the average person today what they know about Ulysses S. Grant and you are as likely to hear that he was a "butcher" and a "drunk," as you are to hear he was the preeminent military figure of the Civil war whose skill and strategic genius saved the union. As with most myths however, the truth is far more complicated. And in the case of Grant, they are almost universally incorrect. White does a very good job of separating fact from fiction with regards to these myths.

One of the most pernicious of these myths surrounds Grant's alleged drinking problem. It is supposedly the cause of his forced resignation from the Army, and was at the root of any setback he experienced throughout the war. Grant didn't discipline his troops after the initial victory at Belmont, so he must have been drinking. Grant wasn't prepared for Albert Sidney Johnston's attach at Shiloh, so he must have been drinking. Grant unwisely ordered a last assault at Cold Harbor, so he must have been drinking. And on and on and on�

Politics too played a part. Rumors that Grant had resigned from the Army in 1854 because of his drinking allowed rival Generals, usually those annoyed that Grant's success was getting in the way of their glory, to raise the specter that he had fallen off the wagon and should be replaced, with the usual recommendation being that the replacement should be the one making the charge.

White deals with these rumors in a very effective way. Rather than devoting a whole chapter on the topic, which to me has the effect of elevating their credibility, he simply deals with them within the timeline of the narrative. He does not assert Grant did not drink - he clearly did - he simply notes there is no convincing evidence that Grant routinely drank to excess, or that his drinking had any effect on his military performance. Contemporary evidence, other than repeated rumors, are almost non-existent. Every person sent to Grant's command to investigate these rumors, reported back they had no basis in fact. So the reality then, as White shows, is that while Grant was not a teetotaler, he did not have a serious drinking problem. And there is not a scrap of evidence drinking ever had an effect on his performance during the war.

Another persistent myth about Grant relates to his military skill. Southerners, eager to elevate their participation in the war as a heroic struggle against a marauding north intent on trampling rights guaranteed them in the Constitution, had to come up with ways to explain their defeat that didn't involve admitting any fault with their (lost) cause. From this sprang first, the assertion that Southern soldiers were superior to the northern counterparts. Whereas they portrayed themselves as selfless warriors merely looking to defend hearth and home, Northern troops were depicted as the lackeys of money grubbers looking to strip the South of its wealth, or, as so eloquently put by Shelby Foote, Confederates believed "one Southern soldier was worth ten Yankee hirelings." Ironically, an argument could persuasively be made that the reality was exactly the opposite. Confederate soldiers were fighting so the landed gentry could maintain their way of life, one that depended on slavery. It was the North that was fighting for a concept - "Union."

The second, and possibly the most important part of this effort to recast the war, was the importance of demonstrating the superiority of Confederate Generals. The post war south wanted heroes to latch on to. They had to be portrayed as honorable men, fighting for a righteous cause. They also had to find an explanation for their defeat other than the superiority of their northern counterparts. This was particularly true with their most idolized figure - Robert E. Lee.
Southerners dealt with these needs in two ways. First, they asserted the only way the North could have defeated the South was through brute force and overwhelming numbers. At no point, they asserted, were southern generals outmatched, or southern troops outfought. They simply lacked the resources needed to win. Secondly, in order to elevate the character of their hero Lee, they had to deflate that of the man who defeated him - Ulysses S. Grant.

White doesn't deal extensively in what ifs related to the manpower argument. The South certainly had the resources it needed to win the war had it employed an effective strategy. It didn't. He does debunk the notion that Grant was victorious solely through the application of overwhelming force. After all, the North had that same advantage from the beginning of the war, and were not able to defeat Lee. Only when an able General, one who understood the strategies needed to overwhelm Lee, took command, were they able to win. The fact is, as White shows, northern troops were equally as brave and skilled as their southern counterparts; and Grant was superior to Lee, particularly as a strategic thinker. Lee was myopically focused on the eastern theater, while Grant viewed the conflict as a nationwide one. Where Lee cared little for what happened in the west, Grant realized that success there made victory in the east more attainable.

White does a very effective job debunking most of the negative assertions about Grants military ability. He does not do this by ignoring Grant's failures (e.g. Cold Harbor), or by denigrating the ability of Robert E. Lee. He presents an effective, though not ground breaking review of Grant's efforts up to his elevation as General in Chief, and provides a very fair analysis of events after that point.

The only conclusion that can plausibly be drawn from available evidence is that Grant, far from being a butcher of men, was in fact a skilled tactician and strategist, who made effective use of his resources. He put in place an effective strategy for winning the war, and executed it with considerable skill. Robert E. Lee did present the toughest resistance Grant had come up against during the war, but Grant was more than equal to the task. His casualty rates during the Overland Campaign were appalling of course, but that was the expected result of the type of fighting needed to bludgeon the South into submission. Always on the attack Grant was guaranteed to suffer more casualties. But as a percentage of his Army they were no worse than Lee's. And if one looks at the entire war, Grant lost considerably fewer men while in command than Lee did.

Following Lee's surrender, Grant's role changed. He entered the political realm, first as General in Chief under the volatile Andrew Johnson, then as interim Secretary of War, and finally as President. White provides an excellent review of this time, far better than most biographies of Grant which tend to rush through this period.

For many years, Grant has ranked near the bottom of the list of effective Presidents. But in recent years, as historians have begun to take a more dispassionate look at his two terms, that ranking has improved. White does what many biographers have not, examined his Presidency in the context of the challenges he faced.

As President, after two year of conflict under Andrew Johnson who aided the South as it tried to reassert white dominance, Grant faced a daunting task. Not only was he trying to repair the country, he was trying to protect the rights of newly freed slaves. Ambivalent about slavery before the war, Grant became a staunch supporter of full citizenship for former slaves after it.

He made significant progress pushing back the Ku Klux Klan, and successfully navigated the rough political waters that went along with military reconstruction in the South. Many assert, including I think the author, that Grant should be considered the first Civil Rights President. Strong evidence for this includes the views of Frederick Douglass, who had a tepid opinion of Lincoln's efforts on behalf of blacks, but strongly support Grant's. The support of Jewish leaders as well, who were insulted by Grant's infamous General Order #11 in 1862 that singled out Jewish traders for condemnation, but who came around to view him as an ally, is another piece of evidence in favor of that view. And not only was he a proponent of full rights for African Americans, but he tried to install a liberal policy regarding Native Americans, believing the government had trampled on their rights.

As events eventually overtook the country, and weariness after 15 years of war and the conflict of Reconstruction set in, much of what Grant did and tried to do, was rolled back by subsequent administrations. It would be nearly a century before blacks were able to get restored to them anything close to their full rights again. But, Grant's efforts here were noble, and were for a time successful. He deserves credit for that.

Grant also had to deal with several economic issues during his administration. Early in his first term, wealthy speculators Jay Gould and James Fisk tried to corner the gold market. Grant intervened to stop them just in time, the result of which was Black Friday, a panic that led to months of financial devastation. White argues Grant's quick action should be credited. While that is true, I think he goes too far in absolving Grant here. He either didn’t realize or didn’t want to realize, that he was being used by Gould and Fisk. Had he been more diligent, he might have been able to terminate their machinations without the subsequent panic.

White also gives Grant too much credit for the way he dealt with the depression of 1873. The crisis, which was the result of over speculation in railroad stock, led Grant to further contract the money supply in order to prevent over inflation. White implies this was the correct move in that it kept inflation from getting out of hand. However, at the same time it caused interest rates to rise, which hurt those in debt (as Grant acknowledged and agonized over), and severely limited the amount of money available to companies with growth plans. Those actions probably prolonged the downturn.

White compares Grant's steady, no nonsense reaction to the crisis to Franklin Roosevelt's reaction to the Great Depression of the 1930s, as he tried to cheer lead the economy into action, which White implies was a less effective strategy. This is not a good comparison. Grant's reaction was to the immediate crisis as it occurred, while FDR's was to an economy that had been in depression for three years, and which had sapped the countries will. A more apt comparison would have been to Hoover, whose reaction was much the same as Grant's, a refusal to apply stimulus, thus prolonging the crisis.

White also deals effectively with the numerous scandals that occurred during Grant's two terms. Seemingly unable to believe anyone he had known and trusted could act duplicitously, he was slow to remove corrupt officials, and remained loyal to those taking advantage of their relationship with him for far too long. Grant was personally incorruptible, but was seemingly blind to corruption around him until it instigated a crisis. This is the reason Grant is ranked as a middling President rather than an above average one.

Overall I think anyone with an interest in Ulysses S. Grant would enjoy this book immensely. It is generally fair (with the exceptions I noted), and effectively deals with the many myths surrounding Grant and his career. He does a nice job of tying Grant's life as a boy and student at West Point to his later action as General and President. He does a nice job of recounting Grant's career, and his service in both Mexico and in the Civil War. He provides a very lucid account of Grant's Presidency that puts it into the context of the challenges he faced. He also gives a great account of Grant's world tour after his White House years, and a very moving one of his final death struggle.

Most importantly, it is very well written

There are flaws, some of which I noted. He was at times quick to give Grant the benefit of the doubt in cases where there was an equally plausible counter argument. He also seemed to take great pains to portray Grant as a devout Christian. He was a believer of course, but I don't think religion played a particularly important role in his life. And finally I think he gave Grant too much credit for his reactions to the gold crisis in 1869 and the depression of 1873.

Still, highly recommended!




]]>
<![CDATA[American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804]]> 28757817
The discord smoldering within the fragile new nation called forth a movement to concentrate power through a Federal Constitution. Assuming the mantle of “We the People,� the advocates of national power ratified the new frame of government. But it was Jefferson’s expansive “empire of liberty� that carried the revolution forward, propelling white settlement and slavery west, preparing the ground for a new conflagration.]]>
736 Alan Taylor 0393082814 Jim 4
Constitutional originalists really need to read this. Like Bible literalists who cherry pick what to ignore, many on the right today do the same relative to the founding and to the Constitution. There is no original intent ascribable to the "founders." The Constitution was a massive compromise that allowed different factions to delude themselves into thinking it confirmed their view of the role of government.

We are still fighting those battles today. Recognizing the founding for what it was, and what it wasn't, could go a long way to bringing us together. Unfortunately, adhering to the myth of the founding only drives us further apart.]]>
4.25 2016 American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804
author: Alan Taylor
name: Jim
average rating: 4.25
book published: 2016
rating: 4
read at: 2017/02/23
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Longer review coming. If you have a "Johnny Tremain" view of the revolutionary era, prepare to have many of your illusions shattered. Taylor does a bang up job looking at the era from all angles. The motivations, and contributions of every class of citizen is reviewed, and much of it is not admirable.

Constitutional originalists really need to read this. Like Bible literalists who cherry pick what to ignore, many on the right today do the same relative to the founding and to the Constitution. There is no original intent ascribable to the "founders." The Constitution was a massive compromise that allowed different factions to delude themselves into thinking it confirmed their view of the role of government.

We are still fighting those battles today. Recognizing the founding for what it was, and what it wasn't, could go a long way to bringing us together. Unfortunately, adhering to the myth of the founding only drives us further apart.
]]>
<![CDATA[The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason]]> 29501 The End of Faith, Sam Harris delivers a startling analysis of the clash between reason and religion in the modern world. He offers a vivid, historical tour of our willingness to suspend reason in favor of religious beliefs—even when these beliefs inspire the worst human atrocities. While warning against the encroachment of organized religion into world politics, Harris draws on insights from neuroscience, philosophy, and Eastern mysticism to deliver a call for a truly modern foundation for ethics and spirituality that is both secular and humanistic.

Winner of the 2005 PEN/Martha Albrand Award for Nonfiction.]]>
348 Sam Harris 0393327655 Jim 4
The main thesis of "End of Faith, " is that religion and religious doctrine ought to be subject to the same standard of scrutiny and criticism as any other ideology. In America for example, it is considered bad form to directly criticize the faith of someone running for office, no matter how absurd their beliefs may be. And it is nearly impossible for someone to be elected to office that does not at least pretend to be religiously devout.

He spends a good part of the book detailing the absurdities of the world's religions,and the largely deleterious effects that faith can produce. Much of his attention is devoted to Christianity, but other religions are not ignored. He is also careful to note that not all religions produce the same effects, or are likely to cause the same amount of harm. It is hard to imagine Jain fundamentalists producing anything more than an excess of pacifism, while the world is familiar with the effects of the damages wrought by excessive adherence to the Bible or Koran.

Harris has little patience for religious moderates, who he believes only enable continued tolerance of religious fundamentalism. Far from believing moderates represent a true reflection of the their faiths, he argues they are the ones twisting what their faith demands. His evidence of this, particularly as it relates to Christianity and Islam, is a careful reading of the texts on which those beliefs are based - the Bible, the Koran, and the Hadith. His arguments here are quite persuasive.

Harris is not perfect of course. I find his political instincts to be incredibly myopic and naive. I think he has an imperfect grasp of how political change is effected - particularly in the United States. And I don't buy into all of his criticisms of those that attempt a gentler and more inclusive form of faith. If those adhering to fundamentalists views of faith are ever to be convinced to moderate them, it will be by those who at least share that faith, and not atheists alone.

Overall a very assertive argument for atheism, and for fighting against the notion that religious belief is above the type of criticism and scrutiny we apply to every other belief system.]]>
3.89 2004 The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason
author: Sam Harris
name: Jim
average rating: 3.89
book published: 2004
rating: 4
read at: 2017/02/28
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Sam Harris is a guy whose views are easily twisted by those with a particular agenda - on both left and right. To me this simply means he is probably on the right track. He is criticized on the right for his atheism, and his pointed and brutal criticism of religion and faith, and on the left his pointed criticism of Islam is often twisted as a criticism of all Muslims. He is derided as a racist by such liberals as Ben Affleck, Noam Chomsky and Dean Obeidallah, while those on the right accuse him of wanting to remove all morality from public life. Neither is true of course. Criticism of Islam, is criticism of an ideology. It is no more racist to criticize someone for adhering to Islamic doctrine, than it is to criticize them for their views as a Democrat or Republican. And one can easily make an argument that an Atheistic world view is more moral that of many of the worlds religions. After all, there was never an Atheist inquisition, and I have yet to hear of an Atheist suicide bomber.

The main thesis of "End of Faith, " is that religion and religious doctrine ought to be subject to the same standard of scrutiny and criticism as any other ideology. In America for example, it is considered bad form to directly criticize the faith of someone running for office, no matter how absurd their beliefs may be. And it is nearly impossible for someone to be elected to office that does not at least pretend to be religiously devout.

He spends a good part of the book detailing the absurdities of the world's religions,and the largely deleterious effects that faith can produce. Much of his attention is devoted to Christianity, but other religions are not ignored. He is also careful to note that not all religions produce the same effects, or are likely to cause the same amount of harm. It is hard to imagine Jain fundamentalists producing anything more than an excess of pacifism, while the world is familiar with the effects of the damages wrought by excessive adherence to the Bible or Koran.

Harris has little patience for religious moderates, who he believes only enable continued tolerance of religious fundamentalism. Far from believing moderates represent a true reflection of the their faiths, he argues they are the ones twisting what their faith demands. His evidence of this, particularly as it relates to Christianity and Islam, is a careful reading of the texts on which those beliefs are based - the Bible, the Koran, and the Hadith. His arguments here are quite persuasive.

Harris is not perfect of course. I find his political instincts to be incredibly myopic and naive. I think he has an imperfect grasp of how political change is effected - particularly in the United States. And I don't buy into all of his criticisms of those that attempt a gentler and more inclusive form of faith. If those adhering to fundamentalists views of faith are ever to be convinced to moderate them, it will be by those who at least share that faith, and not atheists alone.

Overall a very assertive argument for atheism, and for fighting against the notion that religious belief is above the type of criticism and scrutiny we apply to every other belief system.
]]>
<![CDATA[Spaceman: An Astronaut's Unlikely Journey to Unlock the Secrets of the Universe]]> 28439264 Spaceman he puts you inside the suit, with all the zip and buoyancy of life in microgravity.

Massimino’s childhood space dreams were born the day Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon, but his journey to realizing those dreams was as unlikely as it is captivating. Growing up in a working-class Long Island family, Massimino catapulted himself to Columbia and then MIT, only to flunk his qualifying exams and be rejected twice by NASA before making it to the final round of astronaut selection—where he was told his poor eyesight meant he’d never make the cut. But even that couldn’t stop him from finally earning his wings, making the jump to training in T-38 Air Force jets and preparing his body—and soul—for the journey to the cosmos.

Taking us through the surreal wonder and beauty of his first spacewalk, the tragedy of losing friends in the Columbia shuttle accident, and the development of his enduring love for the Hubble telescope—which he’d be tasked with saving on his final mission� Massimino has written an ode to never giving up and the power of teamwork to make anything possible. Spaceman invites us into a rare, wonderful world where the nerdiest science meets the most thrilling adventure, and pulls back a curtain on just what having “the right stuff� really means.]]>
319 Mike Massimino 1101903554 Jim 3 Spaceman: An Astronaut's Unlikely Journey to Unlock the Secrets of the Universe, is like the man...amiable. It wasn't a behind the scenes look at the shuttle program, nor did it try and put the space program into a wider political or cultural context. It was interesting insofar as it provided insight into what it was like to actually go into space; the sights, the sounds, the smells, the food, and the nausea.

Other than that, human nature being what it is, I find it really hard to believe there wasn't a lot more conflict behind the scenes than he portrays. I also find it hard to believe his colleagues didn't have personalities that were a lot more complex than what he allows us to see.

I have no doubt the opinions Massamino expressed about the space program, about the feeling of family he felt as a part of the Space Shuttle program, and the pride he felt being a part of it, are genuine. I just get the feeling he is leaving a lot out.

This is the kind of autobiography that I am sure the NASA public affairs office has no trouble with.

For an interesting contrast, read the much more revealing autobiography of Mike Mullane, Riding Rockets: The Outrageous Tales of a Space Shuttle Astronaut.]]>
4.53 2016 Spaceman: An Astronaut's Unlikely Journey to Unlock the Secrets of the Universe
author: Mike Massimino
name: Jim
average rating: 4.53
book published: 2016
rating: 3
read at: 2017/04/03
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves:
review:
Mike Massasmino is such an amiable guy, and such an effective spokesman for space exploration and scientific education, that I find it hard to criticize him. His autobiography Spaceman: An Astronaut's Unlikely Journey to Unlock the Secrets of the Universe, is like the man...amiable. It wasn't a behind the scenes look at the shuttle program, nor did it try and put the space program into a wider political or cultural context. It was interesting insofar as it provided insight into what it was like to actually go into space; the sights, the sounds, the smells, the food, and the nausea.

Other than that, human nature being what it is, I find it really hard to believe there wasn't a lot more conflict behind the scenes than he portrays. I also find it hard to believe his colleagues didn't have personalities that were a lot more complex than what he allows us to see.

I have no doubt the opinions Massamino expressed about the space program, about the feeling of family he felt as a part of the Space Shuttle program, and the pride he felt being a part of it, are genuine. I just get the feeling he is leaving a lot out.

This is the kind of autobiography that I am sure the NASA public affairs office has no trouble with.

For an interesting contrast, read the much more revealing autobiography of Mike Mullane, Riding Rockets: The Outrageous Tales of a Space Shuttle Astronaut.
]]>
<![CDATA[The Men Who Lost America: British Leadership, the American Revolution, and the Fate of the Empire (The Lewis Walpole Series in Eighteenth-Century Culture and History)]]> 16073301 A unique account of the American Revolution, told from the perspective of the leaders who conducted the British war effort

The loss of America was a stunning and unexpected defeat for the powerful British Empire. Common wisdom has held that incompetent military commanders and political leaders in Britain must have been to blame, but were they? This intriguing book makes a different argument. Weaving together the personal stories of ten prominent men who directed the British dimension of the war, historian Andrew O’Shaughnessy dispels the incompetence myth and uncovers the real reasons that rebellious colonials were able to achieve their surprising victory.

In interlinked biographical chapters, the author follows the course of the war from the perspectives of King George III, Prime Minister Lord North, military leaders including General Burgoyne, the Earl of Sandwich, and others who, for the most part, led ably and even brilliantly. Victories were frequent, and in fact the British conquered every American city at some stage of the Revolutionary War. Yet roiling political complexities at home, combined with the fervency of the fighting Americans, proved fatal to the British war effort. The book concludes with a penetrating assessment of the years after Yorktown, when the British achieved victories against the French and Spanish, thereby keeping intact what remained of the British Empire.]]>
480 Andrew O'Shaughnessy 0300191073 Jim 0 to-read 4.15 2013 The Men Who Lost America: British Leadership, the American Revolution, and the Fate of the Empire (The Lewis Walpole Series in Eighteenth-Century Culture and History)
author: Andrew O'Shaughnessy
name: Jim
average rating: 4.15
book published: 2013
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/04/07
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age]]> 298924 415 Kevin G. Boyle 0739452061 Jim 0 to-read 4.07 2004 Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age
author: Kevin G. Boyle
name: Jim
average rating: 4.07
book published: 2004
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/23
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Cosmic Machine: The Science That Runs Our Universe and the Story Behind It]]> 31440702
The Cosmic Machine� takes you from the earliest scientific inquiries in human history on an exciting journey in search of the answers to these questions. In telling this fascinating story of science, the reader is masterfully guided through the wonderment of how scientific discoveries (and the key players of those discoveries) shaped the world as we know it today.

With its unique blend of science, history, and biographies, The Cosmic Machine� provides an easily accessible account without sacrificing the actual science itself. Not only will this book engage, enlighten, and entertain you, it will inspire your passion and curiosity for the world around us.]]>
358 Scott Bembenek 0997934107 Jim 0 to-read 4.11 2017 The Cosmic Machine: The Science That Runs Our Universe and the Story Behind It
author: Scott Bembenek
name: Jim
average rating: 4.11
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/21
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America]]> 17860203
Arguably the most important American lawyer of the 20th century, Thurgood Marshall was on the verge of bringing the landmark suit Brown v. Board of Education before the U.S. Supreme Court when he became embroiled in an explosive and deadly case that threatened to change the course of the civil rights movement and cost him his life.

In 1949, Florida's orange industry was booming, and citrus barons got rich on the backs of cheap Jim Crow labor. To maintain order and profits, they turned to Willis V. McCall, a violent sheriff who ruled Lake County with murderous resolve. When a white 17-year-old Groveland girl cried rape, McCall was fast on the trail of four young blacks who dared to envision a future for themselves beyond the citrus groves. By day's end, the Ku Klux Klan had rolled into town, burning the homes of blacks to the ground and chasing hundreds into the swamps, hell-bent on lynching the young men who came to be known as the "Groveland Boys".

And so began the chain of events that would bring Thurgood Marshall, the man known as "Mr. Civil Rights", into the deadly fray...
©2012 Gilbert King (P)2013 HarperCollinsPublishers]]>
Gilbert King 0062302507 Jim 5
Each of those mentioned above, along with many, many others, are deserving of the praise accorded them. But, instead of using their example as proof of the worthiness of our system, what we should perhaps be doing a lot more of, is asking why we always seem to get into situations where change requires the extraordinary efforts of extraordinary people to accomplish it. Why can we not EVER learn from past experience to keep us from making the same mistakes over and over and over again?

I do think a system that produces men like Thurgood Marshall, Harry T. Moore, and Charles Hamilton Houston certainly must have its admirable qualities, and I think that is in part attributable to the foresight of the founders. But we are also a country that cannot seem to learn from its mistakes. We tolerated discrimination and violence against African Americans for far too long, and still tolerate it. We are the same country that allowed travesties like the subject of this great book, the "Groveland Boys" case, to occur (only a decade before I was born), and we seem to be sliding back into an ethic that again condones prejudice and discrimination.

Martin Luther King Jr famously said "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice." I would love to believe that, and I hope it is true, but my faith in that notion is being sorely tested. Books like this one, shine a very bright light on our history, and force us to face the notion that we should not only be praised for overcoming our own evil, but rather should be criticized for allowing it to fester for so long.

Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America by Gilbert King is an absolutely superb book. A beautifully and tightly written narrative, it recounts the events surrounding the Groveland, FL rape case in 1949. Four African American men - Walter Irvin, Charles Greenlee, Sam Shepherd, and Ernest Thomas - were falsely accused of raping 17 year old Norma Lee Padgett. Railroaded by a racist Sheriff, the odious and evil Willis V. McCall, a racist judge Truman Futch, and a go along to get along prosecutor Jesse Hunter ,the four men were convicted of the crime despite there being no evidence other than planted shoe impressions, and the word of Padgett herself.

Parallel to this narrative is a history of Thurgood Marshall and his time as lead council for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Eventually the two stories intersect as the NAACP takes on the case of the "Groveland Boys, " taking it to the Supreme Court twice, and eventually the office of the Florida Governor.

While this is a historic event whose outcome is well known, it is not a story many have heard before. The narrative style of the book demands some level of uncertainty as to its outcome for it to have the full effect. So I won't be providing any spoilers here. This is ironic because knowing the level of racism in the south, the sway the KKK still had over whole swaths of the region, including Lake County, FL where this takes place, the ending seems foreshadowed. Still, there are enough twists and turns in the story to more than keep your attention and turn this into a genuine page turner.

I think part the author's intention with this book was to inspire us with the stories of men like Marshall who were able to use their intellect, morality and persistence to overcome injustice from inside the system, and with the courage of the Groveland Boys themselves who, despite having to endure what can only be described as torture - both physical and mental - asserted their innocence knowing to do so would almost certainly result in their deaths.

I was inspired by them. But contrary, I believe, to the authors further intention, this did not lead me to believe in the efficacy of our system, or that it inevitably bends us toward justice. From my perspective, it is just the opposite. Justice is achieved despite our system. Only through the courage of people like the heroes in this story, who had to overcome a system stacked against them at almost every level, do we ever make progress toward a more just state.

This book is must reading!



]]>
4.32 2012 Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America
author: Gilbert King
name: Jim
average rating: 4.32
book published: 2012
rating: 5
read at: 2017/03/15
date added: 2017/03/15
shelves:
review:
Americans like to praise themselves for their ability to recognize, and to rise above their prejudices; to eventually do the right thing by those that have been oppressed and marginalized in our society. We praise Abraham Lincoln for emancipating the slaves; we praise Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton for eventually achieving women's suffrage; we praise Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey and most especially Martin Luther King Jr. for Civil Rights advances in the 1960s; and we revere the genius of the founders for producing governing documents that lend themselves to an interpretation that asserts more freedom, more compassion, more equality, and more liberty for our citizens. We use this praise to assert a progressive vision of America and its institutions.

Each of those mentioned above, along with many, many others, are deserving of the praise accorded them. But, instead of using their example as proof of the worthiness of our system, what we should perhaps be doing a lot more of, is asking why we always seem to get into situations where change requires the extraordinary efforts of extraordinary people to accomplish it. Why can we not EVER learn from past experience to keep us from making the same mistakes over and over and over again?

I do think a system that produces men like Thurgood Marshall, Harry T. Moore, and Charles Hamilton Houston certainly must have its admirable qualities, and I think that is in part attributable to the foresight of the founders. But we are also a country that cannot seem to learn from its mistakes. We tolerated discrimination and violence against African Americans for far too long, and still tolerate it. We are the same country that allowed travesties like the subject of this great book, the "Groveland Boys" case, to occur (only a decade before I was born), and we seem to be sliding back into an ethic that again condones prejudice and discrimination.

Martin Luther King Jr famously said "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice." I would love to believe that, and I hope it is true, but my faith in that notion is being sorely tested. Books like this one, shine a very bright light on our history, and force us to face the notion that we should not only be praised for overcoming our own evil, but rather should be criticized for allowing it to fester for so long.

Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America by Gilbert King is an absolutely superb book. A beautifully and tightly written narrative, it recounts the events surrounding the Groveland, FL rape case in 1949. Four African American men - Walter Irvin, Charles Greenlee, Sam Shepherd, and Ernest Thomas - were falsely accused of raping 17 year old Norma Lee Padgett. Railroaded by a racist Sheriff, the odious and evil Willis V. McCall, a racist judge Truman Futch, and a go along to get along prosecutor Jesse Hunter ,the four men were convicted of the crime despite there being no evidence other than planted shoe impressions, and the word of Padgett herself.

Parallel to this narrative is a history of Thurgood Marshall and his time as lead council for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Eventually the two stories intersect as the NAACP takes on the case of the "Groveland Boys, " taking it to the Supreme Court twice, and eventually the office of the Florida Governor.

While this is a historic event whose outcome is well known, it is not a story many have heard before. The narrative style of the book demands some level of uncertainty as to its outcome for it to have the full effect. So I won't be providing any spoilers here. This is ironic because knowing the level of racism in the south, the sway the KKK still had over whole swaths of the region, including Lake County, FL where this takes place, the ending seems foreshadowed. Still, there are enough twists and turns in the story to more than keep your attention and turn this into a genuine page turner.

I think part the author's intention with this book was to inspire us with the stories of men like Marshall who were able to use their intellect, morality and persistence to overcome injustice from inside the system, and with the courage of the Groveland Boys themselves who, despite having to endure what can only be described as torture - both physical and mental - asserted their innocence knowing to do so would almost certainly result in their deaths.

I was inspired by them. But contrary, I believe, to the authors further intention, this did not lead me to believe in the efficacy of our system, or that it inevitably bends us toward justice. From my perspective, it is just the opposite. Justice is achieved despite our system. Only through the courage of people like the heroes in this story, who had to overcome a system stacked against them at almost every level, do we ever make progress toward a more just state.

This book is must reading!




]]>
<![CDATA[The Way to the Spring: Life and Death in Palestine]]> 27774750
Over the past three years, American writer Ben Ehrenreich has been traveling to and living in the West Bank, staying with Palestinian families in its largest cities and its smallest villages. Along the way he has written major stories for American outlets, including a remarkable  New York Times Magazine  cover story. Now comes the powerful new work that has always been his ultimate goal,  The Way to the Spring .

We are familiar with brave journalists who travel to bleak or war-torn places on a mission to listen and understand, to gather the stories of people suffering from extremes of oppression and Katherine Boo, Ryszard Kapuściński, Ted Conover, and Philip Gourevitch among them. Palestine is, by any measure, whatever one's politics, one such place. Ruled by the Israeli military, set upon and harassed constantly by Israeli settlers who admit unapologetically to wanting to drive them from the land, forced to negotiate an ever more elaborate and more suffocating series of fences, checkpoints, and barriers that have sundered home from field, home from home, this is a population whose living conditions are unique, and indeed hard to imagine. In a great act of bravery, empathy and understanding, Ben Ehrenreich, by placing us in the footsteps of ordinary Palestinians and telling their story with surpassing literary power and grace, makes it impossible for us to turn away.]]>
448 Ben Ehrenreich 1594205906 Jim 0 to-read 4.32 2016 The Way to the Spring: Life and Death in Palestine
author: Ben Ehrenreich
name: Jim
average rating: 4.32
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/15
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The War Lovers: Roosevelt, Lodge, Hearst, and the Rush to Empire, 1898]]> 7323969
As Evan Thomas reveals in his rip-roaring history of those times, the hunger for war had begun years earlier. Depressed by the "closing" of the Western frontier and embracing theories of social Darwinism, a group of warmongers that included a young Teddy Roosevelt and Henry Cabot Lodge agitated loudly and incessantly that the United States exert its influence across the seas. These hawks would transform American foreign policy and, when Teddy ascended to the presidency, commence with a devastating war without reason, concocted within the White House—a bloody conflict that would come at tremendous cost.

Thrillingly written and brilliantly researched, THE WAR LOVERS is the story of six men at the center of a transforming event in U.S. history: Roosevelt, Lodge, Hearst, McKinley, William James, and Thomas Reed, and confirms once more than Evan Thomas is a popular historian of the first rank.]]>
471 Evan Thomas 031600409X Jim 0 to-read 3.80 2010 The War Lovers: Roosevelt, Lodge, Hearst, and the Rush to Empire, 1898
author: Evan Thomas
name: Jim
average rating: 3.80
book published: 2010
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/15
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Farley: The Life of Farley Mowat]]> 329538 James King’s Farley is the first biography of this singularly influential man of letters. Margaret Atwood calls Mowat’s books “the spark that struck the tinder that ignited the fire from which many subsequent generations of writers and activists have lit their torches, often ignorant of where that spark came from in the first place.� King gained full access to Mowat’s papers, including all embargoed letters and diaries. But while the book was researched with Mowat’s cooperation, King was free to write whatever he concluded to be the truth. The result is a colorful, energetic work in which biographer and subject are uncommonly well matched.

“King identifies the key relationship in Mowat’s life as that with his difficult, charismatic father Angus. . . . Seldom has a book more carefully charted the manchild’s simultaneous needs to distance himself from and bring himself closer to his begetter.�
--Quill & Quire]]>
384 James King 1586420550 Jim 0 to-read 3.79 2002 Farley: The Life of Farley Mowat
author: James King
name: Jim
average rating: 3.79
book published: 2002
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/10
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution (The American Revolution Series)]]> 27189295
"May be one of the greatest what-if books of the age—a volume that turns one of America’s best-known narratives on its head.�
—Boston Globe

"Clear and insightful, it consolidates his reputation as one of America's foremost practitioners of narrative nonfiction."
� Wall Street Journal

In September 1776, the vulnerable Continental Army under an unsure George Washington (who had never commanded a large force in battle) evacuates New York after a devastating defeat by the British Army. Three weeks later, near the Canadian border, one of his favorite generals, Benedict Arnold, miraculously succeeds in postponing the British naval advance down Lake Champlain that might have ended the war. Four years later, as the book ends, Washington has vanquished his demons and Arnold has fled to the enemy after a foiled attempt to surrender the American fortress at West Point to the British. After four years of war, America is forced to realize that the real threat to its liberties might not come from without but from within.

Valiant Ambition is a complex, controversial, and dramatic portrait of a people in crisis and the war that gave birth to a nation. The focus is on loyalty and personal integrity, evoking a Shakespearean tragedy that unfolds in the key relationship of Washington and Arnold, who is an impulsive but sympathetic hero whose misfortunes at the hands of self-serving politicians fatally destroy his faith in the legitimacy of the rebellion. As a country wary of tyrants suddenly must figure out how it should be led, Washington’s unmatched ability to rise above the petty politics of his time enables him to win the war that really matters.]]>
14 Nathaniel Philbrick 0147524369 Jim 3
These and many other cliches are standard for works of popular American history. They engage the reader, build suspense, and imply new or unusual interpretations of allegedly well-understood events. In reality however, they seem cherry picked as a way to propel a chosen narrative, rather than providing evidence for a well crafted hypothesis.

Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution, by Nathaniel Philbrick makes excellent use of these, and other techniques to produce an admittedly well-crafted narrative review of its subject, that nevertheless, left me disappointed.

Philbrick, in my opinion, is one of only a handful of preeminent authors of popular American History. He has a gift for narrative only rivaled by David McCullough. I have enjoyed several of his previous works, including In the Heart of the Sea, Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War, Sea of Glory: America's Voyage of Discovery, the U.S. Exploring Expedition, 1838-1842, and Bunker Hill: A City, a Siege, a Revolution. With the exception of the last of these, they involved subjects with which I had little or no familiarity. I enjoyed them because of this fact, because of their narrative style, and despite their heavy use of the same type of hooks he uses in Valiant Ambition. I appreciated his book on Bunker Hill despite having more than passing familiarity with the topic, because he placed the event in its proper context, not elevating its importance beyond where it should be. In that work, he didn't artificially elevate the importance of certain events to create tension. Unfortunately, with Valiant Ambition, he seems to have gone out of the way to do just the opposite.

Don't get me wrong, this is a well-crafted book, which effectively weaves a dual biography of George Washington and Benedict Arnold's Revolutionary wartime experience into a pretty seamless story. But there just isn't much new here that has not been covered in numerous other books on these two men. His heavy use of the artificial build up of events, along with his liberal use of the cliches mentioned earlier, left me with a "been there, read that" feeling.

Philbrick uncritically uses quotes and passages attributable to Washington, Arnold, and many of the people they interacted with or who were affected by their actions, to convey the intended narrative effect. In some cases they are used to assert something without really having to research whether it was true or not. So when he notes that George Washington was generally understood to be the "greatest horseman of his generation," he was in fact using a passage written by Thomas Jefferson as evidence. Obviously there is no way Jefferson, or anyone at the time, could prove such an assertion. Yet Philbrick makes it without any context behind it to help convey a sense of gravitas around Washington.

Prominent men and women in the 18th and 19th centuries wrote not only for an immediate need, but to make sure posterity interpreted their actions as they wished them to be. Whether it was a letter, a diary entry, or public conversation, they knew, and indeed hoped, their words would be shared. Using them without context, and without a close examination of the motivations behind them, leaves the interpretation susceptible to later contradiction. I understand why Philbrick does this, I just wish he had not done so so widely and uncritically.

I don't want to overdraw the point however. There are place in the narrative where Philbrick does provide critical context, such as when analyzing the assertions by Benjamin Talmadge that the failure of Benedict Arnold's plans to turn over West Point to the British was the fault of Arnold himself. Philbrick makes a persuasive case that the fault lay with John Andre, and that Talmadge's assertions were designed to deflect blame from the failure of his spy network. In addition to this, in a few places, Philbrick hints at a deeper analysis of events than a simple narrative of them provides. I wanted more of this.

As a narrative work, Philbrick doesn't make a real attempt at a more detailed analysis of the reasons for the Revolutionary War, or for Washington and Arnold's participation in it. Given the number of books that essentially give the same narrative of these events as Philbrick's (though admittedly with less skill), I wish he had instead applied his considerable talent to a deeper look. An exploration of the economic, cultural and political climate that gave rise to the Revolution or the motivation behind the participation of landed gentlemen such as George Washington, and of those who had acquired wealth through their own exertions such as Arnold, would have been fascinating. I would have liked a more thorough look at Arnold's motivations for treason, not only based on his writings and actions, but on an analysis of what kind of hold identification as an American had for the average citizen, and how that affected Arnold's decision and the reaction to it. He does hint at some of this, talking about the role economic class played in motivating those who supported independence. He also, briefly, dives more deeply into criticism of George Washington's generalship. And he posited an interesting theory that Arnold's treason actually brought together a country that was rapidly falling apart as the war dragged on. I just wish we had gotten a lot more of this kind of analysis throughout the book.

Overall I did enjoy this, if for no other reason than Philbrick is such a skilled writer. If your knowledge of Washington and Arnold doesn't extend much beyond what you learned in school, this is a good place to start. If you are more familiar with the subjects though, this doesn't provide much in the way of new insight, and may leave you wanting something new.]]>
3.89 2016 Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution (The American Revolution Series)
author: Nathaniel Philbrick
name: Jim
average rating: 3.89
book published: 2016
rating: 3
read at: 2017/03/07
date added: 2017/03/08
shelves:
review:
Every battle is the "bloodiest", or most "sanguinary". Every storm is a historic deluge that always seems to occur just as some momentous turning point is about to occur. Every secondary, or little known event, is in reality the pivot on which [fill in the blank's] fortunes depend, and of course George Washington is the "greatest horseman of his generation."

These and many other cliches are standard for works of popular American history. They engage the reader, build suspense, and imply new or unusual interpretations of allegedly well-understood events. In reality however, they seem cherry picked as a way to propel a chosen narrative, rather than providing evidence for a well crafted hypothesis.

Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution, by Nathaniel Philbrick makes excellent use of these, and other techniques to produce an admittedly well-crafted narrative review of its subject, that nevertheless, left me disappointed.

Philbrick, in my opinion, is one of only a handful of preeminent authors of popular American History. He has a gift for narrative only rivaled by David McCullough. I have enjoyed several of his previous works, including In the Heart of the Sea, Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War, Sea of Glory: America's Voyage of Discovery, the U.S. Exploring Expedition, 1838-1842, and Bunker Hill: A City, a Siege, a Revolution. With the exception of the last of these, they involved subjects with which I had little or no familiarity. I enjoyed them because of this fact, because of their narrative style, and despite their heavy use of the same type of hooks he uses in Valiant Ambition. I appreciated his book on Bunker Hill despite having more than passing familiarity with the topic, because he placed the event in its proper context, not elevating its importance beyond where it should be. In that work, he didn't artificially elevate the importance of certain events to create tension. Unfortunately, with Valiant Ambition, he seems to have gone out of the way to do just the opposite.

Don't get me wrong, this is a well-crafted book, which effectively weaves a dual biography of George Washington and Benedict Arnold's Revolutionary wartime experience into a pretty seamless story. But there just isn't much new here that has not been covered in numerous other books on these two men. His heavy use of the artificial build up of events, along with his liberal use of the cliches mentioned earlier, left me with a "been there, read that" feeling.

Philbrick uncritically uses quotes and passages attributable to Washington, Arnold, and many of the people they interacted with or who were affected by their actions, to convey the intended narrative effect. In some cases they are used to assert something without really having to research whether it was true or not. So when he notes that George Washington was generally understood to be the "greatest horseman of his generation," he was in fact using a passage written by Thomas Jefferson as evidence. Obviously there is no way Jefferson, or anyone at the time, could prove such an assertion. Yet Philbrick makes it without any context behind it to help convey a sense of gravitas around Washington.

Prominent men and women in the 18th and 19th centuries wrote not only for an immediate need, but to make sure posterity interpreted their actions as they wished them to be. Whether it was a letter, a diary entry, or public conversation, they knew, and indeed hoped, their words would be shared. Using them without context, and without a close examination of the motivations behind them, leaves the interpretation susceptible to later contradiction. I understand why Philbrick does this, I just wish he had not done so so widely and uncritically.

I don't want to overdraw the point however. There are place in the narrative where Philbrick does provide critical context, such as when analyzing the assertions by Benjamin Talmadge that the failure of Benedict Arnold's plans to turn over West Point to the British was the fault of Arnold himself. Philbrick makes a persuasive case that the fault lay with John Andre, and that Talmadge's assertions were designed to deflect blame from the failure of his spy network. In addition to this, in a few places, Philbrick hints at a deeper analysis of events than a simple narrative of them provides. I wanted more of this.

As a narrative work, Philbrick doesn't make a real attempt at a more detailed analysis of the reasons for the Revolutionary War, or for Washington and Arnold's participation in it. Given the number of books that essentially give the same narrative of these events as Philbrick's (though admittedly with less skill), I wish he had instead applied his considerable talent to a deeper look. An exploration of the economic, cultural and political climate that gave rise to the Revolution or the motivation behind the participation of landed gentlemen such as George Washington, and of those who had acquired wealth through their own exertions such as Arnold, would have been fascinating. I would have liked a more thorough look at Arnold's motivations for treason, not only based on his writings and actions, but on an analysis of what kind of hold identification as an American had for the average citizen, and how that affected Arnold's decision and the reaction to it. He does hint at some of this, talking about the role economic class played in motivating those who supported independence. He also, briefly, dives more deeply into criticism of George Washington's generalship. And he posited an interesting theory that Arnold's treason actually brought together a country that was rapidly falling apart as the war dragged on. I just wish we had gotten a lot more of this kind of analysis throughout the book.

Overall I did enjoy this, if for no other reason than Philbrick is such a skilled writer. If your knowledge of Washington and Arnold doesn't extend much beyond what you learned in school, this is a good place to start. If you are more familiar with the subjects though, this doesn't provide much in the way of new insight, and may leave you wanting something new.
]]>
<![CDATA[Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right]]> 27833494
The conventional answer is that a popular uprising against “big government� led to the ascendancy of a broad-based conservative movement. But as Jane Mayer shows in this powerful, meticulously reported history, a network of exceedingly wealthy people with extreme libertarian views bankrolled a systematic, step-by-step plan to fundamentally alter the American political system.

The network has brought together some of the richest people on the planet. Their core beliefs—that taxes are a form of tyranny; that government oversight of business is an assault on freedom—are sincerely held. But these beliefs also advance their personal and corporate interests: Many of their companies have run afoul of federal pollution, worker safety, securities, and tax laws.

The chief figures in the network are Charles and David Koch, whose father made his fortune in part by building oil refineries in Stalin’s Russia and Hitler’s Germany. The patriarch later was a founding member of the John Birch Society, whose politics were so radical it believed Dwight Eisenhower was a communist. The brothers were schooled in a political philosophy that asserted the only role of government is to provide security and to enforce property rights.

When libertarian ideas proved decidedly unpopular with voters, the Koch brothers and their allies chose another path. If they pooled their vast resources, they could fund an interlocking array of organizations that could work in tandem to influence and ultimately control academic institutions, think tanks, the courts, statehouses, Congress, and, they hoped, the presidency. Richard Mellon Scaife, the mercurial heir to banking and oil fortunes, had the brilliant insight that most of their political activities could be written off as tax-deductible “philanthropy.�

These organizations were given innocuous names such as Americans for Prosperity. Funding sources were hidden whenever possible. This process reached its apotheosis with the allegedly populist Tea Party movement, abetted mightily by the Citizens United decision—a case conceived of by legal advocates funded by the network.

The political operatives the network employs are disciplined, smart, and at times ruthless. Mayer documents instances in which people affiliated with these groups hired private detectives to impugn whistle-blowers, journalists, and even government investigators. And their efforts have been remarkably successful. Libertarian views on taxes and regulation, once far outside the mainstream and still rejected by most Americans, are ascendant in the majority of state governments, the Supreme Court, and Congress. Meaningful environmental, labor, finance, and tax reforms have been stymied.

Jane Mayer spent five years conducting hundreds of interviews-including with several sources within the network-and scoured public records, private papers, and court proceedings in reporting this book. In a taut and utterly convincing narrative, she traces the byzantine trail of the billions of dollars spent by the network and provides vivid portraits of the colorful figures behind the new American oligarchy.

Dark Money is a book that must be read by anyone who cares about the future of American democracy.]]>
464 Jane Mayer Jim 0 to-read 4.28 2016 Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right
author: Jane Mayer
name: Jim
average rating: 4.28
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/07
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Scars of Independence: America's Violent Birth]]> 31453065 A magisterial new work that rewrites the story of America’s founding

The American Revolution is often portrayed as an orderly, restrained rebellion, with brave patriots defending their noble ideals against an oppressive empire. It’s a stirring narrative, and one the founders did their best to encourage after the war. But as historian Holger Hoock shows in this deeply researched and elegantly written account of America’s founding, the Revolution was not only a high-minded battle over principles, but also a profoundly violent civil war—one that shaped the nation, and the British Empire, in ways we have only begun to understand.

In Scars of Independence, Hoock writes the violence back into the story of the Revolution. American Patriots persecuted and tortured Loyalists. British troops massacred enemy soldiers and raped colonial women. Prisoners were starved on disease-ridden ships and in subterranean cells. African-Americans fighting for or against independence suffered disproportionately, and Washington’s army waged a genocidal campaign against the Iroquois. In vivid, authoritative prose, Hoock’s new reckoning also examines the moral dilemmas posed by this all-pervasive violence, as the British found themselves torn between unlimited war and restraint toward fellow subjects, while the Patriots documented war crimes in an ingenious effort to unify the fledgling nation.

For two centuries we have whitewashed this history of the Revolution. Scars of Independence forces a more honest appraisal, revealing the inherent tensions between moral purpose and violent tendencies in America’s past. In so doing, it offers a new origins story that is both relevant and necessary—an important reminder that forging a nation is rarely bloodless.]]>
480 Holger Hoock 0804137285 Jim 0 to-read 3.84 2017 Scars of Independence: America's Violent Birth
author: Holger Hoock
name: Jim
average rating: 3.84
book published: 2017
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/07
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race]]> 29555236 Set against the backdrop of the Jim Crow South and the civil rights movement, the never-before-told true story of NASA’s African-American female mathematicians who played a crucial role in America’s space program—and whose contributions have been unheralded, until now.

Before John Glenn orbited the Earth or Neil Armstrong walked on the moon, a group of professionals worked as “Human Computers,� calculating the flight paths that would enable these historic achievements. Among these were a coterie of bright, talented African-American women. Segregated from their white counterparts by Jim Crow laws, these “colored computers,� as they were known, used slide rules, adding machines, and pencil and paper to support America’s fledgling aeronautics industry, and helped write the equations that would launch rockets, and astronauts, into space.

Drawing on the oral histories of scores of these “computers,� personal recollections, interviews with NASA executives and engineers, archival documents, correspondence, and reporting from the era, Hidden Figures recalls America’s greatest adventure and NASA’s groundbreaking successes through the experiences of five spunky, courageous, intelligent, determined, and patriotic women: Dorothy Vaughan, Mary Jackson, Katherine Johnson, Christine Darden, and Gloria Champine.

Moving from World War II through NASA’s golden age, touching on the civil rights era, the Space Race, the Cold War, and the women’s rights movement, Hidden Figures interweaves a rich history of scientific achievement and technological innovation with the intimate stories of five women whose work forever changed the world—and whose lives show how out of one of America’s most painful histories came one of its proudest moments.]]>
370 Margot Lee Shetterly 0062363611 Jim 0 to-read 4.03 2016 Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race
author: Margot Lee Shetterly
name: Jim
average rating: 4.03
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/06
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Handmaid’s Tale (The Handmaid's Tale, #1)]]> 38447
Funny, unexpected, horrifying, and altogether convincing, The Handmaid's Tale is at once scathing satire, dire warning, and tour de force.]]>
311 Margaret Atwood 038549081X Jim 0 to-read 4.15 1985 The Handmaid’s Tale (The Handmaid's Tale, #1)
author: Margaret Atwood
name: Jim
average rating: 4.15
book published: 1985
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/06
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The Monkey Wrench Gang (Monkey Wrench Gang, #1)]]> 99208 The Monkey Wrench Gang, his 1975 novel, a "comic extravaganza." Some readers have remarked that the book is more a comic book than a real novel, and it's true that reading this incendiary call to protect the American wilderness requires more than a little of the old willing suspension of disbelief.

The story centers on Vietnam veteran George Washington Hayduke III, who returns to the desert to find his beloved canyons and rivers threatened by industrial development. On a rafting trip down the Colorado River, Hayduke joins forces with feminist saboteur Bonnie Abbzug, wilderness guide Seldom Seen Smith, and billboard torcher Doc Sarvis, M.D., and together they wander off to wage war on the big yellow machines, on dam builders and road builders and strip miners. As they do, his characters voice Abbey's concerns about wilderness preservation ("Hell of a place to lose a cow," Smith thinks to himself while roaming through the canyonlands of southern Utah. "Hell of a place to lose your heart. Hell of a place... to lose. Period").

Moving from one improbable situation to the next, packing more adventure into the space of a few weeks than most real people do in a lifetime, the motley gang puts fear into the hearts of their enemies, laughing all the while. It's comic, yes, and required reading for anyone who has come to love the desert.]]>
421 Edward Abbey 0061129763 Jim 5
The "Money Wrench Gang," was written by Edward Abbey, a noted militant environmentalist with anarchical leanings, in 1975, and is credited by some as the inspiration for the movement which gained a foothold in the 1980s. It follows the adventures of four restless, environmentally minded eccentrics; a mildly Libertarian surgeon and his nurse/girlfriend/companion, a Jack Mormon river guide with three wives, and a slovenly, profane former Green Beret and Vietnam veteran with the all time great character name of George Washington Hayduke.

Brought together on a guided river tour, the four bemoan a system that is increasingly destroying the remaining untouched open spaces in the American West. They decide the only way to halt its degradation is by hitting those who profit from it where they hurt - their pocket books.

Dubbing themselves the Monkey Wrench Gang, they embark on a campaign of direct action, destroying the implements used by the system to effect environmental destruction - road construction equipment, power lines, railways etc. All the while they manage to stay a step ahead of some of the cartoonishly funny law enforcement personnel looking to catch them. They eventually escalate their attacks in a way that has profound effects for their future and for their ability to keep up their campaign.

And that is as far as I go so as not to spoil it for folks who have not read it.

Abbey's writing style is by turns straight forward and insistent, allegorical, and at times, particularly when describing the environment the Monkey Wrench Gang is trying to save, quite lyrical. The book is often humorous and ribald, even as it tries to make a serious point. The characters are colorful, bigger than life ,and boldly drawn by Abbey, sometimes to the point of absurdity. Still, the overall effect is really inspiring. And, it is never boring.

I am older now, and no longer see things as black and white (though the Age of Trump is sorely testing me there), so I don't think tactics such as these are useful in real life. But damn, sometimes I really wish they were.]]>
4.09 1975 The Monkey Wrench Gang (Monkey Wrench Gang, #1)
author: Edward Abbey
name: Jim
average rating: 4.09
book published: 1975
rating: 5
read at: 2017/03/05
date added: 2017/03/05
shelves:
review:
I read this book many years ago during a militant pro-environment, animal rights phase of my life. Much older now I decided to pick it up again and see if I feel the same way about now as I did back then. I can't say that I do in exactly the same way, but I admit it did stir the desire I think everyone has, to get a hold of some cause and devote to it so totally that almost any action taken on its behalf is seems justified.

The "Money Wrench Gang," was written by Edward Abbey, a noted militant environmentalist with anarchical leanings, in 1975, and is credited by some as the inspiration for the movement which gained a foothold in the 1980s. It follows the adventures of four restless, environmentally minded eccentrics; a mildly Libertarian surgeon and his nurse/girlfriend/companion, a Jack Mormon river guide with three wives, and a slovenly, profane former Green Beret and Vietnam veteran with the all time great character name of George Washington Hayduke.

Brought together on a guided river tour, the four bemoan a system that is increasingly destroying the remaining untouched open spaces in the American West. They decide the only way to halt its degradation is by hitting those who profit from it where they hurt - their pocket books.

Dubbing themselves the Monkey Wrench Gang, they embark on a campaign of direct action, destroying the implements used by the system to effect environmental destruction - road construction equipment, power lines, railways etc. All the while they manage to stay a step ahead of some of the cartoonishly funny law enforcement personnel looking to catch them. They eventually escalate their attacks in a way that has profound effects for their future and for their ability to keep up their campaign.

And that is as far as I go so as not to spoil it for folks who have not read it.

Abbey's writing style is by turns straight forward and insistent, allegorical, and at times, particularly when describing the environment the Monkey Wrench Gang is trying to save, quite lyrical. The book is often humorous and ribald, even as it tries to make a serious point. The characters are colorful, bigger than life ,and boldly drawn by Abbey, sometimes to the point of absurdity. Still, the overall effect is really inspiring. And, it is never boring.

I am older now, and no longer see things as black and white (though the Age of Trump is sorely testing me there), so I don't think tactics such as these are useful in real life. But damn, sometimes I really wish they were.
]]>
<![CDATA[Rachel Calof's Story: Jewish Homesteader on the Northern Plains]]> 942921
In 1894, eighteen-year-old Rachel Bella Kahn travelled from Russia to the United States for an arranged marriage to Abraham Calof, an immigrant homesteader in North Dakota. Rachel Calof's Story combines her memoir of a hard pioneering life on the prairie with scholarly essays that provide historical and cultural background and show her narrative to be both unique and a representative western tale. Her narrative is riveting and candid, laced with humor and irony.

The memoir, written by Rachel Bella Calof in 1936, recounts aspects of her childhood and teenage years in a Jewish community, (shtetl) in Russia, but focuses largely on her life between 1894 and 1904, when she and her husband carved out a life as homesteaders. She recalls her horror at the hardships of pioneer life―especially the crowding of many family members into the 12 x 14' dirt-floored shanties that were their first dwellings. "Of all the privations I knew as a homesteader," says Calof, "the lack of privacy was the hardest to bear." Money, food, and fuel were scarce, and during bitter winters, three Calof households―Abraham and Rachel with their growing children, along with his parents and a brother's family―would pool resources and live together (with livestock) in one shanty.

Under harsh and primitive conditions, Rachel Bella Calof bore and raised nine children. The family withstood many dangers, including hailstorms that hammered wheat to the ground and flooded their home; droughts that reduced crops to dust; blinding snowstorms of plains winters. Through it all, however, Calof drew on a humor and resolve that is everywhere apparent in her narrative. Always striving to improve her living conditions, she made lamps from dried mud, scraps of rag, and butter; plastered the cracked wood walls of her home with clay; supplemented meagre supplies with prairie forage―wild mushrooms and garlic for a special supper, dry grass for a hot fire to bake bread. Never sentimental, Caolf's memoir is a vital historical and personal record.

J. Sanford Rikoon elaborates on the history of Jewish settlement in the rural heartland and the great tide of immigration from the Russian Pale of Settlement and Eastern Europe from 1880�1910. Elizabeth Jameson examines how Calof "writes from the interior spaces of private life, and from that vantage point, reconfigures more familiar versions of the American West." Jameson also discusses how the Calofs adapted Jewish practices to the new contingencies of North Dakota, maintaining customs that represented the core of their Jewish identity, reconstructing their "Jewishness" in new circumstances.]]>
176 Rachel Calof 0253209862 Jim 0 to-read 4.10 1995 Rachel Calof's Story: Jewish Homesteader on the Northern Plains
author: Rachel Calof
name: Jim
average rating: 4.10
book published: 1995
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/05
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
The Lottery 6219656
“The Lottery� stands out as one of the most famous short stories in American literary history. Originally published in The New Yorker, the author immediately began receiving letters from readers who demanded an explanation of the story’s meaning. “The Lottery� has been adapted for stage, television, radio and film.
]]>
30 Shirley Jackson 1563127873 Jim 5
I know this may seem tame to folks now, but if you think long and hard about it, and try to put yourself in that time and place, it is absolutely chilling.

My guess is Shirley Jackson had a number of things in mind when she wrote this. Certainly, how Hitler came to power in Nazi Germany must have near the top of that list, possibly the beginning of the red scare in the United States influenced her thinking as well. I haven't looked to see if there are any interviews with her where she made clear what influenced her, but I can think of many aspects of history and culture that certainly could have.

It is clear this piece is a warning against the dangers of mob mentality, as well the intellectual and moral laziness that often takes root in a society that no longer questions many of its practices. The desire to conform to societal norms is also part of the framework, as several residents hint at rebelling against continuing the practice, but are intimidated into complying.

Related to many things happening today, the American habit of singling out a person or group of people to blame for societal evils is hinted at as well.

It is amazing such a short piece can spur such an in depth reflection on its meaning. One theme leads you to the next, and the next, and the next...until you find yourself so deep in, you can't remember what the initial impression was!






]]>
4.08 1948 The Lottery
author: Shirley Jackson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.08
book published: 1948
rating: 5
read at:
date added: 2017/03/02
shelves:
review:
Just read this for the first time. Amazingly through High School, College and Grad School this was never on a reading list. Surprising given the course of study I pursued (Political Science/History).

I know this may seem tame to folks now, but if you think long and hard about it, and try to put yourself in that time and place, it is absolutely chilling.

My guess is Shirley Jackson had a number of things in mind when she wrote this. Certainly, how Hitler came to power in Nazi Germany must have near the top of that list, possibly the beginning of the red scare in the United States influenced her thinking as well. I haven't looked to see if there are any interviews with her where she made clear what influenced her, but I can think of many aspects of history and culture that certainly could have.

It is clear this piece is a warning against the dangers of mob mentality, as well the intellectual and moral laziness that often takes root in a society that no longer questions many of its practices. The desire to conform to societal norms is also part of the framework, as several residents hint at rebelling against continuing the practice, but are intimidated into complying.

Related to many things happening today, the American habit of singling out a person or group of people to blame for societal evils is hinted at as well.

It is amazing such a short piece can spur such an in depth reflection on its meaning. One theme leads you to the next, and the next, and the next...until you find yourself so deep in, you can't remember what the initial impression was!







]]>
<![CDATA[Rebels and Redcoats: The American Revolution Through the Eyes of Those Who Fought and Lived It]]> 396162
"I know of no book where [the student] or general reader can attain…a more stimulating sense of what it truly was to have been there, of what it meant for humanity, patriot or redcoat, to have fought there, to have suffered there, to have settled the issues on the field."
-- Perry Miller

"…[C]ontinues to be one of the most interesting and lively volumes in the literature of the War of Independence."
-- Don Higginbotham]]>
576 George F. Scheer 0306803070 Jim 0 to-read 4.01 1957 Rebels and Redcoats: The American Revolution Through the Eyes of Those Who Fought and Lived It
author: George F. Scheer
name: Jim
average rating: 4.01
book published: 1957
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/03/01
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Iron Tears: America's Battle for Freedom, Britain's Quagmire: 1775-1783]]> 1297522 A startling new history of the Revolutionary War, told from the perspectives of both the colonists and the colonizers.

For generations, Americans have been taught to view the Revolutionary War as a heroic tale of resistance, exclusively from the perspective of the Continental army and the Founding Fathers. Now, in Iron Tears, master historian Stanley Weintraub offers the first account that examines the war from three divergent and distinct vantage points: the battlefields; the American leadership under George Washington; and—most originally—that of England, embroiled in controversy over the war.

Iron Tears renders an unprecedented account of the fight for American independence through British eyes, while dramatically narrating the battles that were waged across the Atlantic from Lexington to Yorktown and beyond. As the general, whom the British snobbishly and demeaningly referred to as “Mr. Washington,� rallied to keep his ragged and overmatched Continentals together and create a nation, “iron tears� fell from redcoat muskets and cannons, as well as from the demoralized eyes of the defeated British. Weintraub's multifaceted analysis will forever change and expand our view of the American Revolution.]]>
375 Stanley Weintraub 0743226879 Jim 0 to-read 3.68 2005 Iron Tears: America's Battle for Freedom, Britain's Quagmire: 1775-1783
author: Stanley Weintraub
name: Jim
average rating: 3.68
book published: 2005
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/02/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[The American Revolution: A Grand Mistake]]> 7708282 While recognizing the seminal historic importance of the Declaration of Independence, the American rejection of titled nobility and monarchy, and universal white, male suffrage, as well as the advantages of early economic independence, Stauber points out four major disadvantages resulting from the American

- The most obvious of these is the dilemma of slavery, which was left unaddressed by our war with Britain and set the stage for the American Civil War. Slavery had already been outlawed in several major parts of the British Empire in 1833.

- Stauber also contends that a legislative union along the lines of the British North America Act of 1867, which created the Dominion of Canada, is a superior method of national unification to the purely voluntary federation of the United States.

- The American system of government, based on checks and balances, is often cumbersome in dealing with contemporary challenges, which are often not so difficult for parliamentary governments.

- The underlying American mind-set regarding the role of government contains a deep-seated suspicion of a strong central government, which dates back to our war against British tyranny. Stauber argues that this reluctance to use the central government to tackle major social problems cripples the United States from building a more decent society.

This challenging historical and political analysis of long-established American presumptions about our history and government will be of interest to students and scholars of political science and American history, as well as all open-minded citizens.]]>
292 Leland G. Stauber 1591027632 Jim 0 to-read 2.20 2009 The American Revolution: A Grand Mistake
author: Leland G. Stauber
name: Jim
average rating: 2.20
book published: 2009
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/02/28
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
Lincoln in the Bardo 29906980 Lincoln in the Bardo is a literary experience unlike any other—for no one but Saunders could conceive it.

February 1862. The Civil War is less than one year old. The fighting has begun in earnest, and the nation has begun to realize it is in for a long, bloody struggle. Meanwhile, President Lincoln's beloved eleven-year-old son, Willie, lies upstairs in the White House, gravely ill. In a matter of days, despite predictions of a recovery, Willie dies and is laid to rest in a Georgetown cemetery. "My poor boy, he was too good for this earth," the president says at the time. "God has called him home." Newspapers report that a grief-stricken Lincoln returned to the crypt several times alone to hold his boy's body.

From that seed of historical truth, George Saunders spins an unforgettable story of familial love and loss that breaks free of its realistic, historical framework into a thrilling, supernatural realm both hilarious and terrifying. Willie Lincoln finds himself in a strange purgatory, where ghosts mingle, gripe, commiserate, quarrel, and enact bizarre acts of penance. Within this transitional state—called, in the Tibetan tradition, the bardo—a monumental struggle erupts over young Willie's soul.

Lincoln in the Bardo is an astonishing feat of imagination and a bold step forward from one of the most important and influential writers of his generation. Formally daring, generous in spirit, deeply concerned with matters of the heart, it is a testament to fiction's ability to speak honestly and powerfully to the things that really matter to us. Saunders has invented a thrilling new form that deploys a kaleidoscopic, theatrical panorama of voices—living and dead, historical and invented—to ask a timeless, profound question: How do we live and love when we know that everything we love must end?]]>
368 George Saunders 0812995341 Jim 5
The story was inspired by stories of Abraham Lincoln visiting the crypt of his dead son Willy after his death of Typhoid fever, and rumors that he would remove his dead son from his casket to cradle him. Physically, it takes place at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington DC during the Civil War. Metaphysically however, it takes place in the "Bardo."

The "Bardo," is a Buddhist concept that describes an intermediate world between life and reincarnation. Throughout the book we meet dozens of people who enter the Bardo after their deaths and burial at Oak Hill. Those that choose to stay are unaware they are dead, exist under the delusion they will recover from whatever they were suffering from before their arrival, and believe they will return to their old lives. Others move on to the next level more quickly. The physical appearance they take in the Bardo is a manifestation of what they were in life, and what they were not able to become because of the timing of their deaths.

Willy Lincoln and the visits by his father to his crypt become the central point of interest for those in the Bardo, and is responsible for the ultimate fate of those that had chosen to stay there.

Beyond that I dare not say more!

The structure of the book is absolutely unique. Much of it consists of passages from works related to Lincoln, the Civil War, and the events surrounding the death of Willy Lincoln. While most of them seem to be actual publications, some appear to be fictional. All are cited in the body of the text. The rest of the book focuses on the inhabitants of the Bardo, descriptions of their lives, their interactions with each other, and the disruption of their "existence" because of the presence of Willy Lincoln and interaction with his father.

The common thread running through the stories of those in the Bardo, it seems to me, is regret; regret at paths not taken; regret over mistakes made in life than cannot be redeemed; and regrets over relationships that were denied, or unfulfilled, because of poor decisions and selfishness.

There is also a great deal of humor in this book. We are introduced to people no longer restrained by the strictures of the lives they formerly led. This leads to some very entertaining passages that I won't spoil for those that haven't read it.

I HIGHLY recommend you listen to the audio version of the book. The unique format of the book is more starkly obvious by listening to it. They have pulled out all the stops in terms of production value, with dozens of actors used in the various roles, including many who are well known.

Given its rapid rise up the best seller charts, my guess is "Lincoln in the Bardo" will launch Oak Hill Cemetery to near the top of the list of popular Washington tourist attractions.

]]>
3.75 2017 Lincoln in the Bardo
author: George Saunders
name: Jim
average rating: 3.75
book published: 2017
rating: 5
read at: 2017/02/28
date added: 2017/02/28
shelves:
review:
I don't even know where to begin with this one. One of the most unique, and uniquely written books I have read in some time.

The story was inspired by stories of Abraham Lincoln visiting the crypt of his dead son Willy after his death of Typhoid fever, and rumors that he would remove his dead son from his casket to cradle him. Physically, it takes place at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington DC during the Civil War. Metaphysically however, it takes place in the "Bardo."

The "Bardo," is a Buddhist concept that describes an intermediate world between life and reincarnation. Throughout the book we meet dozens of people who enter the Bardo after their deaths and burial at Oak Hill. Those that choose to stay are unaware they are dead, exist under the delusion they will recover from whatever they were suffering from before their arrival, and believe they will return to their old lives. Others move on to the next level more quickly. The physical appearance they take in the Bardo is a manifestation of what they were in life, and what they were not able to become because of the timing of their deaths.

Willy Lincoln and the visits by his father to his crypt become the central point of interest for those in the Bardo, and is responsible for the ultimate fate of those that had chosen to stay there.

Beyond that I dare not say more!

The structure of the book is absolutely unique. Much of it consists of passages from works related to Lincoln, the Civil War, and the events surrounding the death of Willy Lincoln. While most of them seem to be actual publications, some appear to be fictional. All are cited in the body of the text. The rest of the book focuses on the inhabitants of the Bardo, descriptions of their lives, their interactions with each other, and the disruption of their "existence" because of the presence of Willy Lincoln and interaction with his father.

The common thread running through the stories of those in the Bardo, it seems to me, is regret; regret at paths not taken; regret over mistakes made in life than cannot be redeemed; and regrets over relationships that were denied, or unfulfilled, because of poor decisions and selfishness.

There is also a great deal of humor in this book. We are introduced to people no longer restrained by the strictures of the lives they formerly led. This leads to some very entertaining passages that I won't spoil for those that haven't read it.

I HIGHLY recommend you listen to the audio version of the book. The unique format of the book is more starkly obvious by listening to it. They have pulled out all the stops in terms of production value, with dozens of actors used in the various roles, including many who are well known.

Given its rapid rise up the best seller charts, my guess is "Lincoln in the Bardo" will launch Oak Hill Cemetery to near the top of the list of popular Washington tourist attractions.


]]>
Seveneves 22816087
A catastrophic event renders the earth a ticking time bomb. In a feverish race against the inevitable, nations around the globe band together to devise an ambitious plan to ensure the survival of humanity far beyond our atmosphere, in outer space.

But the complexities and unpredictability of human nature coupled with unforeseen challenges and dangers threaten the intrepid pioneers, until only a handful of survivors remain . . .

Five thousand years later, their progeny—seven distinct races now three billion strong—embark on yet another audacious journey into the unknown . . . to an alien world utterly transformed by cataclysm and time: Earth.

A writer of dazzling genius and imaginative vision, Neal Stephenson combines science, philosophy, technology, psychology, and literature in a magnificent work of speculative fiction that offers a portrait of a future that is both extraordinary and eerily recognizable. As he did in Anathem, Cryptonomicon, the Baroque Cycle, and Reamde, Stephenson explores some of our biggest ideas and perplexing challenges in a breathtaking saga that is daring, engrossing, and altogether brilliant.]]>
872 Neal Stephenson Jim 0 to-read 4.01 2015 Seveneves
author: Neal Stephenson
name: Jim
average rating: 4.01
book published: 2015
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/02/12
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
Terms of Use 27433292
As he fights to save the company he helped build, top engineer Sergio Mansour uncovers evidence of a massive conspiracy that turns the power of Circles against its users. But as Sergio investigates, someone is watching his every move—someone ruthless enough to brand him a criminal and set a vicious hit man on his trail.

Desperate to clear his name, Sergio turns to Malina Olson, a beautiful and headstrong doctor who has an agenda of her own. Now, he and Malina must survive long enough to expose the truth in a world without hiding places, where a single keystroke can shift the global balance of power.]]>
369 Scott Allan Morrison 150391898X Jim 0 to-read 3.81 2015 Terms of Use
author: Scott Allan Morrison
name: Jim
average rating: 3.81
book published: 2015
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2017/01/26
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[His Final Battle: The Last Months of Franklin Roosevelt]]> 31186238 A New York Times Notable Book • A prizewinning author and journalist untangles the narrative threads of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s final months, showing how he juggled the strategic, political, and personal choices he faced as the war, his presidency, and his life raced in tandem to their climax."A gripping, deeply human account... Moving, elegiac." —The New York Times Book Review The story has been told piecemeal but never like this, with a close focus on Roosevelt himself and his hopes for a stable international order after the war, and how these led him into a prolonged courtship of Joseph Stalin, the Soviet dictator, involving secret, arduous journeys to Tehran and the Crimea. In between, as the war entered its final phase, came the thunderbolt of a dire medical diagnosis, raising urgent questions about the ability of the longest-serving president to stand for a fourth term at a time when he had little choice. Neither his family nor top figures in his administration were informed of his diagnosis, let alone the public or his closest ally, Winston Churchill. With D-Day looming, Roosevelt took a month off on a plantation in the south where he was examined daily by a navy cardiologist, then waited two more months before finally announcing, on the eve of his party’s convention, that he’d be a candidate. A political grand master still, he manipulated the selection of a new running mate, with an eye to a possible succession, displaying some of his old vigor and wit in a winning campaign. With precision and compassion, Joseph Lelyveld examines the choices Roosevelt faced, shining new light on his state of mind, preoccupations, and motives, both as leader of the wartime alliance and in his personal life. Confronting his own mortality, Roosevelt operated in the belief that he had a duty to see the war through to the end, telling himself he could always resign if he found he couldn’t carry on. Lelyveld delivers an incisive portrait of this deliberately inscrutable man, a consummate leader to the very last. ]]> 387 Joseph Lelyveld 0385350805 Jim 0 to-read 4.07 2016 His Final Battle: The Last Months of Franklin Roosevelt
author: Joseph Lelyveld
name: Jim
average rating: 4.07
book published: 2016
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2016/09/23
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Atheist Universe: The Thinking Person's Answer to Christian Fundamentalism]]> 499392
Atheist Universe avoids the esoteric language used by philosophers and presents its scientific evidence in simple lay terms, making it a richly entertaining and easy-to-read introduction to atheism. A comprehensive primer, it addresses all the historical and scientific questions, including: Is there proof that God does not exist? What evidence is there of Jesus' resurrection? Can creation science reconcile scripture with the latest scientific discoveries?

Atheist Universe also answers ethical issues such as: What is the meaning of life without God? It's a spellbinding inquiry that ultimately arrives at a controversial and well-documented conclusion.

Other important questions answered in this book:

* What, precisely, is atheism, and why is it misunderstood so thoroughly?

* If God is a myth, then did the universe appear from nothing?

* Does the meticulous clockwork of planetary motion result from mindless random forces?

* Do atheists believe that human beings evolved through blind accident from lifeless matter?

* Do the splendor and intricacy of life on Earth reveal evidence of intelligent design by a supernatural Creator?

* Can atheists prove that God does not exist?

* What about Creation Science, and the popular new movement to reconcile Scripture and science?

* Have recent scientific discoveries pointed to God's governance of the cosmos?

* Did Albert Einstein believe in God?

* Does the fact that energy cannot be destroyed lend credibility to a belief in eternal life?

* Without God, can there be a valid system of ethics or an objective "right" and "wrong"?

* Does religion encourage moral conduct and civilized behavior? Is the Golden Rule really such a bad idea?

* What is the meaning of life without God?

* When we die, are we simply dead like dogs?

* Did atheists suffer a trauma in childhood that warped them into blasphemous rebellion?

* Because of ubiquitous injustice on Earth, is an afterlife required to redress the imbalance, where evil is ultimately punished and virtue rewarded?

* Is atheism just another crackpot religion?

* What's the harm in a person's private spirituality? Does humanity have everything to gain, and nothing to lose, through belief in God (even if He's only imaginary)?

* Apart from the Bible, is there secular historical evidence of Jesus' miracles and resurrection?

* How do atheists explain "near death" experiences and medical miracles which amaze even skeptical doctors?

* Why should a tiny minority of atheists be able to force their opinions on everyone else by banning prayer in public schools?

* Since "there are no atheists in foxholes," have famous nonbelievers recanted on their deathbeds?

* Did Old and New Testament prophecies correctly predict events which actually unfolded during our own lifetimes?

* What about the Shroud of Turin and the discovery of wood fragments from Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat in Turkey?

* Does the Law of Entropy (or the "running down" of the universe) contradict evolutionary theory, which asserts that Nature's complexity is increasing?

* Is there absolute proof that man evolved from a lower form of life?

* Even if you believe that all life evolved from a single cell, how could complex cellular life originate without a Creator?

* Is atheism a totally negative philosophy, leading only to cynicism and despair?

* Does communism's past embrace of atheism prove that atheism is an evil and failed philosophy?

* Was America really founded upon Christian principles by Christian believers?

* What is the true, behind-the-scenes relationship between politics and religion in 21st-century America?

All of these questions - and hundreds of others - are fully confronted and methodically answered in the riveting pages of Atheist Universe.
]]>
272 David Mills 1569755671 Jim 0 to-read 3.97 2003 Atheist Universe: The Thinking Person's Answer to Christian Fundamentalism
author: David Mills
name: Jim
average rating: 3.97
book published: 2003
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2016/08/24
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>
<![CDATA[Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams]]> 2209 Founding Brothers and the National Book Award winning American Sphinx.


"The most lovable and most laughable, the warmest and possibly the wisest of the founding fathers, John Adams knew himself as few men do and preserved his knowledge in a voluminous correspondence that still vibrates. Ellis has used it with great skill and perception not only to bring us the man, warts and all, but more importantly to reveal his extraordinary insights into the problems confronting the founders that resonate today in the republic they created." —Edmund S. Morgan, Sterling Professor of History Emeritus, Yale University]]>
277 Joseph J. Ellis 0393311333 Jim 0 to-read 4.06 1993 Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams
author: Joseph J. Ellis
name: Jim
average rating: 4.06
book published: 1993
rating: 0
read at:
date added: 2016/08/24
shelves: to-read
review:

]]>