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La condition humaine
Outre l'irr茅ductible 茅ch茅ance li茅e 脿 la mort, outre les multiples et indicibles souffrances, n'est-il pas donn茅 脿 tous de choisir son destin听? Certes la vie est tragique mais elle doit avoir un sens. Un sens, peut-锚tre des sens, mais seuls quelques-uns aux vertus salvatrices s'offrent aux hommes pour les affranchir de leur condition. La R茅volution, au nom d'une foi en la fraternit茅, est une arme tourn茅e contre la mis猫re, celle qui encha卯ne l'homme parce qu'elle le prive de sa dignit茅. Vaincre l'humiliation en leur nom propre ou pour les autres par le biais de la R茅volution, voici le combat que se sont choisis les h茅ros de La Condition humaine. Pour 茅chapper 脿 l'angoisse de "n'锚tre qu'un homme", l'amour est un autre de ces moyens, mais seul l'amour v茅ritable et fusionnel qu'茅prouvent Kyo et May l'un pour l'autre est susceptible de briser la profonde solitude des 锚tres. Mis茅rable humanit茅, humanit茅 h茅ro茂que et grandiose, c'est "la condition humaine"... Elle r茅sonnera 脿 jamais comme un 茅cho au fond de soi, tant il est vrai que ce roman est "d'une intelligence admirable et, malgr茅 cela, profond茅ment enfonc茅 dans la vie, engag茅, et pantelant d'une angoisse parfois insoutenable", comme l'avait 茅crit Gide. --Lena茂c Gravis et Jocelyn Bl茅riot
337 pages, Mass Market Paperback
First published April 28, 1933
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About the author
Andr茅 Malraux
283听books382听followersMalraux was born in Paris during 1901, the son of Fernand-Georges Malraux and Berthe Lamy (Malraux). His parents separated during 1905 and eventually divorced. He was raised by his mother and maternal grandmother, Berthe and Adrienne Lamy in the small town of Bondy. His father, a stockbroker, committed suicide in 1930. Andre had Tourette's Syndrome during his childhood, resulting in motor and vocal tics.
At the age of 21, Malraux left for Cambodia with his new wife Clara Goldschmidt. In Cambodia, he undertook an exploratory expedition into the Cambodian jungle. On his return he was arrested by French colonial authorities for removing bas-reliefs from one of the temples he discovered. Banteay Srei (The French government itself had removed large numbers of sculptures and artifacts from already discovered sites such as Angkor Wat around this time). Malraux later incorporated the episode into his second novel La Voie Royale.
Malraux became very critical of the French colonial authorities in Indochina, and during 1925 helped to organize the Young Annam League and founded a newspaper Indochina in Chains.
On his return to France, he published The Temptation of the West (1926) which had the format of an exchange of letters between a Westerner and an Asian comparing aspects of the two cultures. This was followed by his first novel The Conquerors (1928), then by The Royal Way (1930) which was influenced by his Cambodian experience, and then by Man's Fate (La Condition Humaine). For La Condition Humaine, a novel about the 1927 failed Communist rebellion in Shanghai, written with obvious sympathy for the Communists, he won the 1933 Prix Goncourt.
During the 1930s, Malraux was active in the anti-Fascist Popular Front in France. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil War he joined the Republican forces in Spain, serving in, and helping to organize, their small air force. His squadron, called "Espa帽a", became something of a legend after his claims of nearly annihilating part of the Nationalist army at Medell铆n.
According to Curtis Cate, his biographer, he was slightly wounded twice during efforts to stop the Falangists' takeover of Madrid, but the British historian Hugh Thomas denies this. He also toured the United States to raise funds for the Spanish Republicans. A novel influenced by his Spanish war experiences, Man's Hope, (L'Espoir) was published during 1938.
At the beginning of the Second World War, Malraux joined the French Army. He was captured in 1940 during the Battle of France but escaped and later joined the French Resistance. He was captured by the Gestapo during 1944 and underwent a mock execution. He later commanded the tank unit Brigade Alsace-Lorraine in defence of Strasbourg and in the attack on Stuttgart (Germany). He was awarded the M茅daille de la R茅sistance, the Croix de Guerre. He was also awarded the British Distinguished Service Order for his work with British liaison officers in Corr猫ze, Dordogne and Lot, and after Dordogne had been liberated, leading a battalion of former resistance fighters to Alsace-Lorraine where they fought alongside the First Army.
During the war he worked on a long novel, The Struggle with the Angel based on the story of the Biblical Jacob. The manuscript was destroyed by the Gestapo after his capture in 1944. A surviving first part titled The Walnut Trees of Altenburg, was published after the war. He would never write another novel.
Malraux and his first wife divorced during the 1940s. His daughter from this marriage, Florence (b.1933), married the filmmaker Alain Resnais.
Malraux had two sons by his second wife Josette Clotis: Pierre-Gauthier (1940-1961) and Vincent (1943-1961). During 1944, while Malraux was fighting in Alsace, Josette died when she slipped while boarding a train. His two sons were killed during 1961 in an automobile accident.
After the war, Malraux served in a variety of government p
At the age of 21, Malraux left for Cambodia with his new wife Clara Goldschmidt. In Cambodia, he undertook an exploratory expedition into the Cambodian jungle. On his return he was arrested by French colonial authorities for removing bas-reliefs from one of the temples he discovered. Banteay Srei (The French government itself had removed large numbers of sculptures and artifacts from already discovered sites such as Angkor Wat around this time). Malraux later incorporated the episode into his second novel La Voie Royale.
Malraux became very critical of the French colonial authorities in Indochina, and during 1925 helped to organize the Young Annam League and founded a newspaper Indochina in Chains.
On his return to France, he published The Temptation of the West (1926) which had the format of an exchange of letters between a Westerner and an Asian comparing aspects of the two cultures. This was followed by his first novel The Conquerors (1928), then by The Royal Way (1930) which was influenced by his Cambodian experience, and then by Man's Fate (La Condition Humaine). For La Condition Humaine, a novel about the 1927 failed Communist rebellion in Shanghai, written with obvious sympathy for the Communists, he won the 1933 Prix Goncourt.
During the 1930s, Malraux was active in the anti-Fascist Popular Front in France. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil War he joined the Republican forces in Spain, serving in, and helping to organize, their small air force. His squadron, called "Espa帽a", became something of a legend after his claims of nearly annihilating part of the Nationalist army at Medell铆n.
According to Curtis Cate, his biographer, he was slightly wounded twice during efforts to stop the Falangists' takeover of Madrid, but the British historian Hugh Thomas denies this. He also toured the United States to raise funds for the Spanish Republicans. A novel influenced by his Spanish war experiences, Man's Hope, (L'Espoir) was published during 1938.
At the beginning of the Second World War, Malraux joined the French Army. He was captured in 1940 during the Battle of France but escaped and later joined the French Resistance. He was captured by the Gestapo during 1944 and underwent a mock execution. He later commanded the tank unit Brigade Alsace-Lorraine in defence of Strasbourg and in the attack on Stuttgart (Germany). He was awarded the M茅daille de la R茅sistance, the Croix de Guerre. He was also awarded the British Distinguished Service Order for his work with British liaison officers in Corr猫ze, Dordogne and Lot, and after Dordogne had been liberated, leading a battalion of former resistance fighters to Alsace-Lorraine where they fought alongside the First Army.
During the war he worked on a long novel, The Struggle with the Angel based on the story of the Biblical Jacob. The manuscript was destroyed by the Gestapo after his capture in 1944. A surviving first part titled The Walnut Trees of Altenburg, was published after the war. He would never write another novel.
Malraux and his first wife divorced during the 1940s. His daughter from this marriage, Florence (b.1933), married the filmmaker Alain Resnais.
Malraux had two sons by his second wife Josette Clotis: Pierre-Gauthier (1940-1961) and Vincent (1943-1961). During 1944, while Malraux was fighting in Alsace, Josette died when she slipped while boarding a train. His two sons were killed during 1961 in an automobile accident.
After the war, Malraux served in a variety of government p
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February 27, 2022
La Condition Humaine = The Human Condition = Storm in Shanghai = Man's Fate, Andr茅 Malraux
Man's Fate, is a 1933 novel written by Andr茅 Malraux.
The novel is about the failed communist insurrection in Shanghai in 1927, and the existential quandaries facing a diverse group of people associated with the revolution. The novel occurs during a 22-day period mostly in Shanghai, China, and concerns mainly the socialist insurrectionists and others involved in the conflict.
The four primary protagonists are Chen Ta Erh, Kyoshi ("Kyo") Gisors, the Soviet emissary Katow, and Baron Clappique. Their individual plights are intertwined throughout the book.
Chen Ta Erh is sent to assassinate an authority, succeeds, and is later killed in a failed suicide bombing attempt on Chiang Kai-shek. After the assassination, he becomes governed by fatality and desires simply to kill, thereby fulfill his duty as a terrorist, a duty which controls his life. This is largely the result of being so close to death since assassinating a man. He is so haunted by death and his powerlessness over inevitability that he wishes to die, just to end his torment. ...
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 乇賵夭 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 爻賵賲 賲丕賴 丕讴鬲亘乇 爻丕賱1982賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇: 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 丌賳丿乇賴 賲丕賱乇賵貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 爻蹖乇賵爻 匕讴丕亍貨 爻丕賱1360貨 丿乇306氐貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 亘賴賲賳 爻丕賱1365貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 丕賳賯賱丕亘 趩蹖賳 丕夭 賳賵爻賳丿诏丕賳 賮乇丕賳爻賴- 爻丿賴20賲
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 芦趩诏賵賳诏蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 丌丿賲蹖禄 蹖丕 芦卮乇丕蹖胤 丕賳爻丕賳蹖禄 蹖丕 芦爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇禄貨 蹖丕 芦卮乇胤 亘卮乇蹖禄 乇丕 芦丌賳丿乇賴 賲丕賱乇賵禄 讴賴 丿乇 爻丕賱1933賲蹖賱丕丿蹖 亘賳诏丕卮鬲賳丿貙 賵 丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲 芦诏丕賱蹖賲丕乇 賮乇丕賳爻賴禄 賳蹖夭貙 丌賳乇丕 趩丕倬 賵 賲賳鬲卮乇 讴乇丿貙 賵 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇賳丿踿 芦噩丕蹖夭賴 诏賳讴賵乇禄 卮丿貨 賲賵囟賵毓 乇賲丕賳 丿乇亘丕乇賴 蹖 诏乇賵賴蹖 丕夭 賲蹖賴賳 倬乇爻鬲丕賳貙 賵 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲賴丕蹖 芦趩蹖賳禄 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 丿乇 乇賵夭 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 賲丕賴 賲丕乇爻 爻丕賱1927賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 爻乇賳诏賵賳蹖 芦卮丕賳诏賴丕蹖禄貙 丿爻鬲 亘賴 卮賵乇卮貙 賵 毓賲賱蹖丕鬲 丕賳鬲丨丕乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屫操嗁嗀� 芦趩賳禄 蹖讴 賯丕趩丕賯趩蹖 乇丕 亘丕 趩丕賯賵 賲蹖鈥屫操嗀� 鬲丕 芦讴蹖賵禄 賵 芦讴丕鬲賵禄 亘鬲賵丕賳賳丿貙 亘賴 卮賵乇卮蹖丕賳 噩賳诏鈥� 丕賮夭丕乇 亘乇爻丕賳賳丿貨 賮乇丿丕蹖 賴賲丕賳乇賵夭貙 卮賵乇卮 亘丕 倬卮鬲蹖亘丕賳蹖 賲乇丿賲 倬蹖乇賵夭 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 丕夭 爻賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇貙 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 丿丕乇蹖 亘賴 賳丕賲 芦賮乇丕賱禄貙 亘丕夭乇诏丕賳丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 倬卮鬲蹖亘丕賳蹖 丕夭 芦丕乇鬲卮亘丿 趩蹖丕賳诏 讴丕蹖鈥� 卮讴禄貙 亘乇丕蹖 蹖賵乇卮 賵 诏乇賮鬲賳 卮賴乇 亘乇賲蹖鈥屫з嗂屫藏� 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳貙 芦讴蹖賵禄 賵 芦讴丕鬲賵禄 賵 亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 賴賲乇夭賲丕賳卮貙 亘賴 夭賳丿丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫з佖嗀�
讴賴賳鈥屫臂屬� 丕賮爻丕賳賴鈥� 蹖 趩蹖賳蹖: 芦賲乇丿賲丕賳 讴乇賲鈥屬囏й� 夭賲蹖賳 賴爻鬲賳丿.禄 (氐215)貨
賵 丌蹖丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏� 丕夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇賲鈥屬囏� 丕乇夭卮 賵 丕毓鬲亘丕乇 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕乇丿責 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇 亘賵丿賳丿貙 丕賲乇賵夭 讴噩丕蹖賳丿責 讴乇賲鈥屬囏й� 丌賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇 趩賴 亘賴 爻乇卮丕賳 丌鈥屬呚囏� 賮乇賯蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賲诏乇責 賳賴貙 賮乇賯蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賴乇 丿賵 賳丕亘賵丿 卮丿賴鈥� 丕賳丿
爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘爻蹖丕乇 鬲賱禺蹖爻鬲貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲賱禺蹖賴丕爻鬲貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 鬲賱禺 賵 爻乇丕爻乇 賲丨賳鬲 丌丿賲蹖丕賳貙 亘乇 讴乇賴 蹖 禺丕讴 丕爻鬲貨 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴賲賴 蹖 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 鬲賳賴丕 蹖讴亘丕乇貙 賮乇氐鬲 丌夭丕丿丕賳賴 夭蹖爻鬲賳貙 賳氐蹖亘卮丕賳 卮丿賴貙 丕賲丕 賴賲蹖賳 蹖讴亘丕乇 賴賲貙 丌賳賯丿乇 丿乇 趩賲 賵 禺賲 爻蹖丕爻鬲貙 賵 噩賳诏貙 賵 賯丿乇鬲 鬲丕亘蹖丿賴 賵 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴貙 讴賴 鬲丕 亘蹖丕蹖蹖 亘賮賴賲蹖 趩賴 卮丿賴貙 賵 鬲賵 讴噩丕蹖 讴丕乇蹖貙 鬲賲丕賲 卮丿賴貙 蹖丕 賳蹖賲賴 讴丕乇賴 賳丕亘賵丿 賲蹖卮賵丿貨
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖蹖爻鬲 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿賳 丌夭丕丿蹖貙 賵 丨賯 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳爻丕賳蹖貙 趩丕乇賴 丕蹖 噩夭 賲乇诏貙 倬蹖卮 倬丕蹖卮丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲貨 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 亘賴 讴卮鬲賳 亘丿賴賳丿貙 鬲丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 芦賯丿乇鬲禄賴丕 乇賴丕 卮賵賳丿貙 鬲丕 丿爻鬲 讴賲 亘賴 丌夭丕丿蹖 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏貙 亘乇爻賳丿貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇賵蹖丕乇賵蹖蹖 乇丕爻鬲蹖 亘丕 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 丕爻鬲貨 乇丕爻鬲蹖 賵 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丕蹖賳爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賵 夭賳丿賴 丕蹖 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳蹖貙 賵 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖貙 丕夭 賴乇 丌賳趩賴 賴爻鬲 賵 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賴乇賴 亘亘乇蹖貙 賵 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖貙 賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳蹖貨 丕賲丕 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 丿乇 乇賵夭诏丕乇貙 賵 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賵 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 诏賳丿貙 賵 賳讴亘鬲貙 賵 乇賵 亘賴 鬲亘丕賴蹖貙 倬丕 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕蹖貙 賵 賳丕趩丕乇貙 亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 趩卮賲 亘倬賵卮蹖貙 丨鬲丕 丕夭 禺賵丿 丌賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貨
爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 噩賵丕賳丕賳蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 亘丕 賴夭丕乇 丕賲蹖丿 賵 丌乇夭賵貙 卮亘 賵 乇賵夭 鬲賱丕卮 讴乇丿賴貙 讴丕乇 讴乇丿賴貙 丿乇爻 禺賵丕賳丿賴貙 賵 乇賵丨 賵 噩爻賲 禺賵丿 乇丕貙 倬乇賵乇卮 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿貙 鬲丕 丿乇 丌蹖賳丿賴 丕蹖貙 乇賵蹖丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丿貙 鬲乇爻蹖賲 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿貙 讴丕賲 丿賱卮丕賳 乇丕 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘诏蹖乇賳丿貨 丕賲丕 丿乇蹖睾貙 讴賴 芦爻乇賳賵卮鬲禄 賴賲丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賴賳丿貨 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賲蹖禺賵丕賴丿貙 丌賳賴丕 丌賲丕丿賴 卮賵賳丿貙 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳賳丿貙 毓乇賯 亘乇蹖夭賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賳賴 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 亘賱讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 賲乇丿賳貨 賲乇丿賳 亘賴 亘賴丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖貨 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴 卮乇胤 賲乇诏貨 賵 丕诏乇 賴賲賴 蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 蹖 亘卮乇 乇丕貙 丿乇 胤賵賱 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 乇賵蹖 賴賲 亘乇蹖夭蹖丿貙 鬲丕 丕蹖賳 诏乇賴賽 讴賵乇 鬲賳丕賯囟 乇丕貙 亘丕夭 讴賳丿貨 诏賵蹖丕 丕蹖賳賴賲 鬲毓亘蹖乇 丿蹖诏乇蹖爻鬲 丕夭 賳丕賲 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘: (夭賳丿诏蹖 乇丕 亘賴 卮乇胤 賲乇诏 亘賴 鬲賵 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿.)貨
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 11/11/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 07/12/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
Man's Fate, is a 1933 novel written by Andr茅 Malraux.
The novel is about the failed communist insurrection in Shanghai in 1927, and the existential quandaries facing a diverse group of people associated with the revolution. The novel occurs during a 22-day period mostly in Shanghai, China, and concerns mainly the socialist insurrectionists and others involved in the conflict.
The four primary protagonists are Chen Ta Erh, Kyoshi ("Kyo") Gisors, the Soviet emissary Katow, and Baron Clappique. Their individual plights are intertwined throughout the book.
Chen Ta Erh is sent to assassinate an authority, succeeds, and is later killed in a failed suicide bombing attempt on Chiang Kai-shek. After the assassination, he becomes governed by fatality and desires simply to kill, thereby fulfill his duty as a terrorist, a duty which controls his life. This is largely the result of being so close to death since assassinating a man. He is so haunted by death and his powerlessness over inevitability that he wishes to die, just to end his torment. ...
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 乇賵夭 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 爻賵賲 賲丕賴 丕讴鬲亘乇 爻丕賱1982賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇: 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 丌賳丿乇賴 賲丕賱乇賵貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 爻蹖乇賵爻 匕讴丕亍貨 爻丕賱1360貨 丿乇306氐貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 亘賴賲賳 爻丕賱1365貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 丕賳賯賱丕亘 趩蹖賳 丕夭 賳賵爻賳丿诏丕賳 賮乇丕賳爻賴- 爻丿賴20賲
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 芦趩诏賵賳诏蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 丌丿賲蹖禄 蹖丕 芦卮乇丕蹖胤 丕賳爻丕賳蹖禄 蹖丕 芦爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇禄貨 蹖丕 芦卮乇胤 亘卮乇蹖禄 乇丕 芦丌賳丿乇賴 賲丕賱乇賵禄 讴賴 丿乇 爻丕賱1933賲蹖賱丕丿蹖 亘賳诏丕卮鬲賳丿貙 賵 丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲 芦诏丕賱蹖賲丕乇 賮乇丕賳爻賴禄 賳蹖夭貙 丌賳乇丕 趩丕倬 賵 賲賳鬲卮乇 讴乇丿貙 賵 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇賳丿踿 芦噩丕蹖夭賴 诏賳讴賵乇禄 卮丿貨 賲賵囟賵毓 乇賲丕賳 丿乇亘丕乇賴 蹖 诏乇賵賴蹖 丕夭 賲蹖賴賳 倬乇爻鬲丕賳貙 賵 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲賴丕蹖 芦趩蹖賳禄 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 丿乇 乇賵夭 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 賲丕賴 賲丕乇爻 爻丕賱1927賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 爻乇賳诏賵賳蹖 芦卮丕賳诏賴丕蹖禄貙 丿爻鬲 亘賴 卮賵乇卮貙 賵 毓賲賱蹖丕鬲 丕賳鬲丨丕乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屫操嗁嗀� 芦趩賳禄 蹖讴 賯丕趩丕賯趩蹖 乇丕 亘丕 趩丕賯賵 賲蹖鈥屫操嗀� 鬲丕 芦讴蹖賵禄 賵 芦讴丕鬲賵禄 亘鬲賵丕賳賳丿貙 亘賴 卮賵乇卮蹖丕賳 噩賳诏鈥� 丕賮夭丕乇 亘乇爻丕賳賳丿貨 賮乇丿丕蹖 賴賲丕賳乇賵夭貙 卮賵乇卮 亘丕 倬卮鬲蹖亘丕賳蹖 賲乇丿賲 倬蹖乇賵夭 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 丕夭 爻賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇貙 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 丿丕乇蹖 亘賴 賳丕賲 芦賮乇丕賱禄貙 亘丕夭乇诏丕賳丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 倬卮鬲蹖亘丕賳蹖 丕夭 芦丕乇鬲卮亘丿 趩蹖丕賳诏 讴丕蹖鈥� 卮讴禄貙 亘乇丕蹖 蹖賵乇卮 賵 诏乇賮鬲賳 卮賴乇 亘乇賲蹖鈥屫з嗂屫藏� 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳貙 芦讴蹖賵禄 賵 芦讴丕鬲賵禄 賵 亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 賴賲乇夭賲丕賳卮貙 亘賴 夭賳丿丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫з佖嗀�
讴賴賳鈥屫臂屬� 丕賮爻丕賳賴鈥� 蹖 趩蹖賳蹖: 芦賲乇丿賲丕賳 讴乇賲鈥屬囏й� 夭賲蹖賳 賴爻鬲賳丿.禄 (氐215)貨
賵 丌蹖丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏� 丕夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇賲鈥屬囏� 丕乇夭卮 賵 丕毓鬲亘丕乇 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕乇丿責 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇 亘賵丿賳丿貙 丕賲乇賵夭 讴噩丕蹖賳丿責 讴乇賲鈥屬囏й� 丌賳 乇賵夭诏丕乇 趩賴 亘賴 爻乇卮丕賳 丌鈥屬呚囏� 賮乇賯蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賲诏乇責 賳賴貙 賮乇賯蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賴乇 丿賵 賳丕亘賵丿 卮丿賴鈥� 丕賳丿
爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘爻蹖丕乇 鬲賱禺蹖爻鬲貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 鬲賱禺蹖賴丕爻鬲貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 鬲賱禺 賵 爻乇丕爻乇 賲丨賳鬲 丌丿賲蹖丕賳貙 亘乇 讴乇賴 蹖 禺丕讴 丕爻鬲貨 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇貙 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴賲賴 蹖 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 鬲賳賴丕 蹖讴亘丕乇貙 賮乇氐鬲 丌夭丕丿丕賳賴 夭蹖爻鬲賳貙 賳氐蹖亘卮丕賳 卮丿賴貙 丕賲丕 賴賲蹖賳 蹖讴亘丕乇 賴賲貙 丌賳賯丿乇 丿乇 趩賲 賵 禺賲 爻蹖丕爻鬲貙 賵 噩賳诏貙 賵 賯丿乇鬲 鬲丕亘蹖丿賴 賵 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴貙 讴賴 鬲丕 亘蹖丕蹖蹖 亘賮賴賲蹖 趩賴 卮丿賴貙 賵 鬲賵 讴噩丕蹖 讴丕乇蹖貙 鬲賲丕賲 卮丿賴貙 蹖丕 賳蹖賲賴 讴丕乇賴 賳丕亘賵丿 賲蹖卮賵丿貨
丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖蹖爻鬲 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿賳 丌夭丕丿蹖貙 賵 丨賯 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳爻丕賳蹖貙 趩丕乇賴 丕蹖 噩夭 賲乇诏貙 倬蹖卮 倬丕蹖卮丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲貨 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 亘賴 讴卮鬲賳 亘丿賴賳丿貙 鬲丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 芦賯丿乇鬲禄賴丕 乇賴丕 卮賵賳丿貙 鬲丕 丿爻鬲 讴賲 亘賴 丌夭丕丿蹖 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏貙 亘乇爻賳丿貨 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 乇賵蹖丕乇賵蹖蹖 乇丕爻鬲蹖 亘丕 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 丕爻鬲貨 乇丕爻鬲蹖 賵 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丕蹖賳爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賵 夭賳丿賴 丕蹖 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳蹖貙 賵 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖貙 丕夭 賴乇 丌賳趩賴 賴爻鬲 賵 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賴乇賴 亘亘乇蹖貙 賵 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖貙 賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳蹖貨 丕賲丕 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲貙 讴賴 丿乇 乇賵夭诏丕乇貙 賵 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賵 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 诏賳丿貙 賵 賳讴亘鬲貙 賵 乇賵 亘賴 鬲亘丕賴蹖貙 倬丕 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕蹖貙 賵 賳丕趩丕乇貙 亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 趩卮賲 亘倬賵卮蹖貙 丨鬲丕 丕夭 禺賵丿 丌賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貨
爻乇賳賵卮鬲 亘卮乇 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 噩賵丕賳丕賳蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 亘丕 賴夭丕乇 丕賲蹖丿 賵 丌乇夭賵貙 卮亘 賵 乇賵夭 鬲賱丕卮 讴乇丿賴貙 讴丕乇 讴乇丿賴貙 丿乇爻 禺賵丕賳丿賴貙 賵 乇賵丨 賵 噩爻賲 禺賵丿 乇丕貙 倬乇賵乇卮 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿貙 鬲丕 丿乇 丌蹖賳丿賴 丕蹖貙 乇賵蹖丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丿貙 鬲乇爻蹖賲 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿貙 讴丕賲 丿賱卮丕賳 乇丕 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘诏蹖乇賳丿貨 丕賲丕 丿乇蹖睾貙 讴賴 芦爻乇賳賵卮鬲禄 賴賲丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲貙 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賴賳丿貨 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賲蹖禺賵丕賴丿貙 丌賳賴丕 丌賲丕丿賴 卮賵賳丿貙 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳賳丿貙 毓乇賯 亘乇蹖夭賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賳賴 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 亘賱讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 賲乇丿賳貨 賲乇丿賳 亘賴 亘賴丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖貨 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴 卮乇胤 賲乇诏貨 賵 丕诏乇 賴賲賴 蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 蹖 亘卮乇 乇丕貙 丿乇 胤賵賱 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 乇賵蹖 賴賲 亘乇蹖夭蹖丿貙 鬲丕 丕蹖賳 诏乇賴賽 讴賵乇 鬲賳丕賯囟 乇丕貙 亘丕夭 讴賳丿貨 诏賵蹖丕 丕蹖賳賴賲 鬲毓亘蹖乇 丿蹖诏乇蹖爻鬲 丕夭 賳丕賲 賴賲蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘: (夭賳丿诏蹖 乇丕 亘賴 卮乇胤 賲乇诏 亘賴 鬲賵 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿.)貨
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 11/11/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 07/12/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
May 4, 2014
Why would I give five stars to a book I did not enjoy, did not like, felt nothing special about and came very close to not finishing it? Because late in my life I had come to realize this: a translation can create and it can destroy. That the act of translating a literary work is not a neutral and mechanical act but a truly creative one. A bad translation can mangle a work beyond recognition; a good translation--as GR's Cynthia Nine attests vis-a-vis Coelho's regurgitations--is capable of turning out something even better than the original, like a much improved version of a crude prototype the author originally wrote. So in reading a work which is not in its original language it matters a lot which translation you read, and that you cannot really be sure, going gaga over a "masterpiece" you've just stumbled upon, if the same was excellence conceived or excellence in translation. I am sure I've read about several great writers, though at the moment I remember only Nabokov, who developed their literary muscles translating classics before they wrote their own. And so now I repent and ask forgiveness for my many sins of ingratitude, those countless occasions where I toasted the writers and their works while ignoring, forgetting and treating as completely insignificant their translators without whom I would have not been able to read what they've written at all.
But here, I commit no such sin. I do the opposite. I condemn the translator Haakon M. Chevalier who did a horrible job here, his only saving grace being that he was lucky. Lucky for having me as his reader, forced by the circumstances that I do not know French and do not have any other translation available, I who recognized the great plot (revolution, China's nascent communist movement), Andre Malraux's brilliant conceptions (terrorists, revolutionaries, their sacrifices and inescapable humanity), his stirring prose (faintly detected by myself, mostly imagined, but with moral certainty that it exists in the original French) all buried under the muck and mess this accursed translator managed to inundate these all with. Yet I cannot do anything about what enrages me: that he cannot thank me for this singular favor, as he is most likely dead already (the pocketbook I have has a 1961 copyright); while I, in turn, can only give five stars to this novel IN SPITE OF his translation, but cannot pump five bullets on the wrist of his writing hand as his well-deserved punishment and as my revenge.
But here, I commit no such sin. I do the opposite. I condemn the translator Haakon M. Chevalier who did a horrible job here, his only saving grace being that he was lucky. Lucky for having me as his reader, forced by the circumstances that I do not know French and do not have any other translation available, I who recognized the great plot (revolution, China's nascent communist movement), Andre Malraux's brilliant conceptions (terrorists, revolutionaries, their sacrifices and inescapable humanity), his stirring prose (faintly detected by myself, mostly imagined, but with moral certainty that it exists in the original French) all buried under the muck and mess this accursed translator managed to inundate these all with. Yet I cannot do anything about what enrages me: that he cannot thank me for this singular favor, as he is most likely dead already (the pocketbook I have has a 1961 copyright); while I, in turn, can only give five stars to this novel IN SPITE OF his translation, but cannot pump five bullets on the wrist of his writing hand as his well-deserved punishment and as my revenge.
February 12, 2020
1畏 未畏渭慰蟽委蔚蠀蟽畏, Book Press:
螚 蠀蟺蠈蟽蠂蔚蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 螔伪蟽喂位蔚委慰蠀 蟿畏蟼 螘蠀蟿蠀蠂委伪蟼 渭伪蟿伪喂蠋谓蔚蟿伪喂 伪苇谓伪伪 魏喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟺慰蠀 伪蟺慰渭苇谓蔚喂 蟽蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 螘尉慰蟻委伪, 未喂伪魏萎蟻蠀蟽蟽蔚 尾位慰蟽蠀蟻维 苇谓伪蟼 维位位慰蟼 渭蔚纬维位慰蟼 蟿蠅谓 纬伪位位喂魏蠋谓 纬蟻伪渭渭维蟿蠅谓. 螘维谓 蠈渭蠅蟼 慰 螤伪蟻维未蔚喂蟽慰蟼 蟺伪蟻伪渭苇谓蔚喂 蔚蟽伪蔚委 螒蟺慰位蔚蟽胃蔚委蟼 魏伪喂 伪蟺蟻蠈蟽喂蟿慰蟼, 蟿蠈蟿蔚 蟺慰喂慰 蟿慰 谓蠈畏渭伪 蟿畏蟼 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼; 螚 伪蟺维谓蟿畏蟽畏 蠁慰尾维渭伪喂 蟺蠅蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺伪喂蟽喂蠈未慰尉畏: 螖蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蠀蟺维蟻尉蔚喂 鈥撐肯嵪勎� 蟺蟻蠈魏蔚喂蟿伪喂鈥� 魏维蟺慰喂慰 苇蟻纬慰 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼, 魏维蟺慰喂慰 尾喂尾位委慰/喂蔚蟻蠈 魏蔚委渭蔚谓慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 未喂伪蟽蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿畏谓 蟺维蟽蠂慰蠀蟽伪 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪, 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 伪谓伪蟽蠉蟻蔚喂 蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 伪蟺蠈 蟿伪 尾维胃畏 蟿慰蠀 蟿蟻蠈渭慰蠀 (蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏慰蠉 魏伪喂 蠀蟺伪蟻魏蟿慰蠉), 蟽蟿蔚蠁伪谓蠋谓慰谓蟿维蟼 蟿慰谓 渭蔚 蟿喂蟼 未维蠁谓蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀 渭蔚纬伪位蔚委慰蠀 魏伪胃蠋蟼 慰未蔚蠉蔚喂 蟺蟻慰蟼 蟿畏 围喂位喂蔚蟿萎 螔伪蟽喂位蔚委伪.
螘委渭伪喂 尾苇尾伪喂慰蟼 蟺蠅蟼 慰 螒谓蟿蟻苇 螠伪位蟻蠈 未蔚谓 苇蟺伪蟽蠂蔚 伪蟺蠈 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰蠀 蔚委未慰蠀蟼 illusions de grandeur, 蠈蟿伪谓 蟽蠀谓苇纬蟻伪蠁蔚 蟿畏谓 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪. 螣蠀未蔚委蟼 蔚渭尾蟻喂胃萎蟼 蟽蠂慰位喂伪蟽蟿萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 未蟻维渭伪蟿慰蟼 (蔚谓委慰蟿蔚 魏蠅渭蠅未委伪蟼), 蔚魏 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠉谓蔚纬纬蠀蟼 蟺伪蟻伪蟿畏蟻畏蟿萎蟼 魏伪喂 伪谓伪蟿蠈渭慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼, 未蔚谓 尾伪蠀魏伪位委味蔚蟿伪喂 蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰 苇蟻纬慰 蟿慰蠀 胃伪 未喂慰蟻胃蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿伪 魏伪魏蠋蟼 魏蔚委渭蔚谓伪 萎 胃伪 蟽蠀谓蔚喂蟽蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚纬魏伪胃委未蟻蠀蟽畏 渭喂伪蟼 慰蠀蟿慰蟺喂魏萎蟼 魏慰喂谓蠅谓委伪蟼. 韦慰蠉蟿慰 伪蟺伪喂蟿蔚委 蟺蟻慰蟺伪纬伪谓未喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼 蟿畏蟼 未蟻维蟽畏蟼, 渭蔚 伪蟿伪位维谓蟿蔚蠀蟿慰 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏蠈 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂蟽渭蠈 魏伪喂 尉蔚魏维胃伪蟻慰 蟺蟻慰蟽伪谓伪蟿慰位喂蟽渭蠈. 螝伪喂, 蠅蟼 纬谓蠅蟽蟿蠈谓, 伪蠀蟿慰委 蟽蟺伪谓委蠅蟼 蠀蟺萎蟻尉伪谓 魏伪位位喂蟿苇蠂谓蔚蟼, 魏伪委蟿慰喂 委蟽蠅蟼 未喂伪魏蟻委胃畏魏伪谓 蠅蟼 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰喂.
螣 螠伪位蟻蠈 蠀蟺萎蟻尉蔚 蟺谓蔚蠀渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟼 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 魏伪喂 位慰纬慰蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼 蟺蟻蠋蟿畏蟼 纬蟻伪渭渭萎蟼. 螆味畏蟽蔚, 未畏渭喂慰蠉蟻纬畏蟽蔚 魏伪喂 渭蔚蟿蔚委蠂蔚 蟽蟿伪 魏慰喂谓维 蟽蔚 蠂蟻蠈谓喂伪 未委蟽蔚魏蟿伪, 蠈蟺慰蠀 畏 蟽蠀渭渭蔚蟿慰蠂萎 蟿慰蠀 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰蠀 胃蔚蠅蟻蔚委蟿慰 伪谓伪蟺蠈蠁蔚蠀魏蟿畏 魏伪喂 畏 伪蟺慰蠀蟽委伪 蔚蟺苇蟽蠀蟻蔚 蟿畏 渭萎谓喂 蟿蠅谓 慰渭慰纬维位伪魏蟿蠅谓 (芦鈥ο勏屛� 蟿蔚 渭畏未苇谓 蟿峥段轿次� 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰谓蟿伪 慰峤愇� 峒€蟺蟻维纬渭慰谓伪 峒€位位鈥� 峒€蠂蟻蔚峥栁课� 谓慰渭委味慰渭蔚谓禄). 螚 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏 蟿蠅谓 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓蠅谓 渭蔚 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺维蟽蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 蔚位维渭尾伪谓蔚 蟽蠀蠂谓维 未喂伪蟽蟿维蟽蔚喂蟼 蠂蟻喂蟽蟿喂伪谓喂魏萎蟼 胃蠀蟽委伪蟼, 蠅蟼 伪谓蟿委尾伪蟻慰 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蠀渭维蟻蔚喂伪 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚蟺苇蟿蟻蔚蟺蔚 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 畏蟽蠀蠂委伪 蟿慰蠀 纬蟻伪蠁蔚委慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 谓伪 渭蔚蟿慰蠀蟽喂蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰谓 蟺蠈谓慰, 蟿慰 伪委渭伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 尾维蟽伪谓伪 蟿蠅谓 蟺位畏尾蔚委蠅谓 蟽蔚 位苇尉蔚喂蟼, 蟽蔚 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 魏伪喂 尾喂尾位委伪.
危蔚 蟽魏慰蟿蔚喂谓苇蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂苇蟼, (蠈蟺慰蠀 蟿慰 魏伪胃萎魏慰谓 蟿慰蠀 魏伪位位喂蟿苇蠂谓畏 蔚蟺苇蟿伪蟽蟽蔚 谓伪 蔚蟺喂蟽蟿蟻苇蠄蔚喂 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟺位蔚慰谓维蟽渭伪蟿慰蟼 蟿蠉蠂畏蟼 蟿慰蠀 渭苇蟽蠅 苇蟻纬蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 未喂苇蟽蟺蔚喂蟻伪谓 蟿畏谓 芦蟺伪谓慰蠉魏位伪禄 蔚谓蟿蠈蟼 蟿蠅谓 蟿蔚喂蠂蠋谓, 蔚蠀蔚位蟺喂蟽蟿蠋谓蟿伪蟼 蟺蠅蟼 伪蟻蠂喂魏维 畏 谓蟿蟻慰蟺萎 鈥撐迪€伪谓伪蟽蟿伪蟿喂魏蠈 蟽蠀谓伪委蟽胃畏渭伪, 魏伪蟿维 蟿慰谓 螠伪蟻尉鈥� 魏伪喂 蟽蟿畏 蟽蠀谓苇蠂蔚喂伪 畏 未蟻维蟽畏, 胃伪 魏喂谓畏蟿慰蟺慰喂萎蟽蔚喂 蟿喂蟼 伪蟺伪胃蔚委蟼 渭维味蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 螖蠉蟽畏蟼), 蠋未喂谓蔚谓 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 魏伪喂 苇蟿蔚魏蔚谓 蟿畏谓 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪. 螠蠀胃喂蟽蟿蠈蟻畏渭伪 蟺慰蠀 位伪渭尾维谓蔚喂 蠂蠋蟻伪 蟽蟿畏 渭伪魏蟻喂谓萎 危伪谓纬魏维畏 蟿畏蟼 螝委谓伪蟼, 蟿慰 蟽蠅蟿萎蟻喂慰 苇蟿慰蟼 1927, 蟿畏谓 蟺蔚蟻委慰未慰 蟿畏蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻喂尾萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿蠋谓 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓, 渭苇蠂蟻喂 蟺蟻蠈蟿喂谓慰蟼 蟽蠉碌碌伪蠂蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼, 韦蟽伪谓纬魏 螝维喂-危蔚魏 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚胃谓喂魏喂蟽蟿苇蟼. 螆蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 味萎蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 魏慰谓蟿维 蟿畏 蠁蟻委魏畏 蟿畏蟼 螒蟺慰喂魏喂慰魏蟻伪蟿委伪蟼, 蟿慰谓 蟽蟿蟻伪纬纬伪位喂蟽渭蠈 蟿蠅谓 蠂蠅蟻蠋谓 蟿畏蟼 蟺蔚蟻喂蠁苇蟻蔚喂伪蟼 伪蟺蠈 蟿喂蟼 渭蔚纬维位蔚蟼 未蠀谓维渭蔚喂蟼, 蟿畏 蟽蠀谓苇蟻纬蔚喂伪 魏蠀尾蔚蟻谓萎蟽蔚蠅谓 魏伪喂 渭蔚纬维位蠅谓 蔚蟺喂蠂蔚喂蟻萎蟽蔚蠅谓 纬喂伪 蠀蟺苇蟻慰纬魏伪 渭伪蟿蠅渭苇谓伪 魏苇蟻未畏 蟺慰蠀, 蔚谓 蟽蠀谓蔚蠂蔚委伪, 蔚蟺苇蟽蟿蟻蔚蠁伪谓 蟽蟿喂蟼 螠畏蟿蟻慰蟺蠈位蔚喂蟼 (纬喂伪 谓伪 纬委谓慰蠀谓 蟿苇蠂谓畏, 蟺慰位喂蟿喂蟽渭蠈蟼, 蔚蠀味蠅委伪 魏伪喂 魏维位位慰蟼), 魏伪蟿苇胃蔚蟽蔚 苇谓伪 位慰纬慰蟿蔚蠂谓喂魏蠈 苇蟺慰蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 畏蟿蟿畏渭苇谓慰蠀蟼.
螌渭蠅蟼, 蠈蟽慰 魏喂 伪谓 慰 魏伪蟿伪纬纬蔚位蟿喂魏蠈蟼 位蠈纬慰蟼, 畏 伪谓维纬魏畏 未喂魏伪委蠅蟽畏蟼 蟿蠅谓 伪蟺伪谓蟿伪蠂慰蠉 胃蠀渭维蟿蠅谓 蠀蟺萎蟻尉蔚, 喂未委蠅蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 慰蟻纬伪谓喂魏慰蠉蟼 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰蠀蟼, 蟺蔚喂蟻伪蟽渭蠈蟼 喂蟽蠂蠀蟻蠈蟼, 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 未蔚谓 蠀蟺慰魏蠉蟺蟿蔚喂 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蠀魏慰位委伪. 螆蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟺维蟻蔚喂 胃苇蟽畏 尉蔚魏维胃伪蟻畏 蠀蟺苇蟻 蟿蠅谓 魏伪蟿伪蟺喂蔚蟽渭苇谓蠅谓, 蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蠅蟼 蟿委蟿位慰 蟿喂渭萎蟼 蟿畏 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎 蟿慰蠀 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪, 蠅蟼 蟺伪谓慰蟺位委伪, 蟺位维胃慰谓蟿伪蟼 萎蟻蠅蔚蟼 渭蔚 慰蠀蟽委伪 魏伪喂 尾维胃慰蟼, 蠈蠂喂 蠂维蟻蟿喂谓蔚蟼 蠁喂纬慰蠉蟻蔚蟼, 魏蠉渭尾伪位伪 伪位伪位维味慰谓蟿伪. 螚 蟽伪纬萎谓畏 蟿畏蟼 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼 渭蔚蟿蟻喂维味蔚喂 蟿畏谓 维渭蔚蟽畏 蟺蠀蟻慰未蠈蟿畏蟽畏 蔚尉蔚纬蔚蟻蟿喂魏蠋谓 蟽蠀谓伪喂蟽胃畏渭维蟿蠅谓, 蟿慰谓 蟺蟻蠈蟽魏伪喂蟻慰 胃蟻委伪渭尾慰 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺喂魏伪喂蟻蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼, 蟿畏谓 畏渭喂味蠅萎 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂喂魏萎蟼 未喂维魏蟻喂蟽畏蟼. 螚 蔚蟺喂位慰纬萎 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪 蔚委谓伪喂 维位位畏: 螤蠋蟼 谓伪 蔚尉喂蟽慰蟻蟻慰蟺萎蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏维 蟺蔚蟺蔚蟻伪蟽渭苇谓慰 渭蔚 魏维蟿喂 蟺慰位蠉 蟺喂慰 喂蟽蠂蠀蟻蠈 魏伪喂 尾伪胃蠉: 蟿畏谓 伪谓维未蔚喂尉畏 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 慰蠀蟽委伪蟼, 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼, 蟿蠅谓 蟽蟿慰喂蠂蔚委蠅谓 蔚魏蔚委谓蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 魏伪胃喂蟽蟿慰蠉谓 苇谓伪 尾喂尾位委慰 魏位伪蟽喂魏蠈, 伪魏蠈渭伪 魏喂 蠈蟿伪谓 慰 位蠈纬慰蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰谓 慰蟺慰委慰 纬蟻维蠁蟿畏魏蔚 蔚尉伪蟻蠂萎蟼 苇蠂蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 魏伪喂蟻蠈 尉蔚蠂伪蟽蟿蔚委.
螌蟿伪谓 慰 伪蠀蟿慰魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁喂魏蠈蟼 蟿蟻慰渭慰魏蟻维蟿畏蟼 韦蟽蔚谓 蟺伪蟻伪位畏蟻蔚委: 芦鈥ξ勎蔽� 渭蠈谓慰蟼 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰, 渭蠈谓慰蟼 蟽蔚 苇谓伪 渭苇蟻慰蟼 未委蠂蠅蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼, 蟿蠈蟿蔚 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰谓 蟽蠀谓苇蟿蟻喂尾蔚 谓蠅蠂蔚位喂魏维 畏 蠁蟻委魏畏 魏伪喂 畏 纬蔚蠉蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 伪委渭伪蟿慰蟼禄, 慰 蟽蠉纬蠂蟻慰谓慰蟼 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏蟼 蟽蟿慰蠂维味蔚蟿伪喂. 螕喂伪 蟿慰 未委魏伪喂慰 蟿慰蠀 蟽魏慰蟺慰蠉, 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 伪蠀蟿慰胃蠀蟽委伪, 纬喂伪 蟿畏 尾伪胃喂维 蟻萎尉畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚蟺喂蠁苇蟻蔚喂 慰 尾委伪喂慰蟼 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 慰 蠁蠈谓慰蟼, 渭蔚蟿伪尉蠉 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺委谓蠅谓 蠈谓蟿蠅谓. 螕喂伪 蟿慰 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟼 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 未委魏伪喂畏 未慰位慰蠁慰谓委伪, 魏伪胃蠋蟼 蟿委蟺慰蟿蔚 未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 纬蔚蠁蠀蟻蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂维蟽渭伪 蟺慰蠀 伪谓慰委纬蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂蠀渭苇谓慰 伪委渭伪. 螒位位维 魏伪喂 纬喂伪 蟿慰 伪谓伪渭蠁委位蔚魏蟿慰 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟼 蟺蠅蟼 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 蔚蟺喂位苇纬蔚喂 蟿畏 味蠅萎 魏伪喂 蟿慰谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰 蠈谓蟿伪蟼 苇蟻渭伪喂慰 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 未蠀谓维渭蔚蠅谓 魏伪喂 蔚尉蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 蟺蔚蟻喂慰蟻喂蟽渭蠋谓, 蟺蠅蟼 畏 蠄蔚蠀未伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪蟼 蔚蟺喂位慰纬萎蟼 伪谓萎魏蔚喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰谓慰渭喂慰蠉蠂慰蠀蟼 魏喂 蠈蠂喂 蟽蔚 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪蟿蠉蠂畏蟽伪谓 谓伪 纬蔚谓谓畏胃慰蠉谓 蔚委位蠅蟿蔚蟼, 渭蔚 渭蠈谓畏 蟿慰蠀蟼 未喂苇尉慰未慰 蟿慰谓 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽渭蠈 鈥� 未喂魏蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 萎 蟿蠅谓 未蠀谓伪蟽蟿蠋谓 蟿慰蠀蟼.
螌蟿伪谓 蟺维位喂 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 尾维味蔚喂 蟿慰谓 萎蟻蠅维 蟿慰蠀 谓伪 位苇蔚喂: 芦螤蟻蠋蟿伪 蠀蟺萎蟻蠂蔚 畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 畏 伪谓伪蟺蠈未蟻伪蟽蟿畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维 蟺委蟽蠅 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰 胃谓畏蟿蠈 蟺位萎胃慰蟼, 蠈蟺蠅蟼 畏 伪蟻蠂苇纬慰谓畏 谓蠉蠂蟿伪鈥β�, 渭蠈谓慰 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿伪蟿喂魏蠈 慰委蟽蟿蟻慰 未蔚谓 未畏渭喂慰蠀蟻纬蔚委 蟽蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀. 危蔚 伪谓蟿委胃蔚蟽畏 蠈渭蠅蟼 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 喂未蔚慰位蠈纬慰, 慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蔚魏蟿喂魏蠈蟼 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏蟼 未喂伪尾维味蔚喂 伪谓维渭蔚蟽伪 蟽蟿喂蟼 纬蟻伪渭渭苇蟼 魏伪喂 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蔚蟺喂未苇尉喂慰 蠂蔚喂蟻喂蟽渭蠈 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪 蟺慰蠀 渭蔚蟿伪蟿慰蟺委味蔚喂 蟿慰 尾维蟻慰蟼 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰 蟽蠀位位慰纬喂魏蠈 蟽蟿慰 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈, 蠀蟺蔚谓胃蠀渭委味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟽蠀谓蔚蠂蠋蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀 蠂胃蔚蟼 伪位位维 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀 蟽萎渭蔚蟻伪 蟺蠅蟼 伪谓蔚尉维蟻蟿畏蟿伪 伪蟺蠈 蟿喂蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂苇蟼 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 蟽蠀谓胃萎魏蔚蟼, 蟿慰 蟺伪谓蟿伪蠂慰蠉 蟺伪蟻蠈谓 horror vacui 蔚蟺喂魏伪胃慰蟻委味蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺位伪委蟽喂慰 蔚谓蠈蟼 尾委慰蠀 芦慰蠀 尾喂蠅蟿慰蠉禄.
螒魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 慰喂 伪蟻谓畏蟿喂魏慰委 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿萎蟻蔚蟼, 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚尉慰蠀蟽委伪蟼, 慰喂 魏伪蟿苇蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰谓 蟺位慰蠉蟿慰, 蟿伪 蟺蟻慰谓蠈渭喂伪 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 喂蟽蠂蠉 苇蠂慰蠀谓 位蠈纬慰 蠉蟺伪蟻尉畏蟼. 螠蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 伪谓萎魏慰蠀谓 蟽蔚 维位位畏 蟿维尉畏, 谓伪 蔚蟺喂胃蠀渭慰蠉谓 纬喂伪 位蠈纬慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏慰蠉 蟽蠀渭蠁苇蟻慰谓蟿慰蟼 蟿畏谓 魏伪蟿维蟺谓喂尉畏 蟿畏蟼 蔚尉苇纬蔚蟻蟽畏蟼, 伪位位维 未蔚谓 蟺伪蠉慰蠀谓 谓伪 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰蠀谓 蟿畏蟼 魏慰喂谓萎蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼. 韦慰 委未喂慰 喂蟽蠂蠉蔚喂 魏伪喂 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏维胃蔚 位慰纬萎蟼 蟿蠀蠂慰未喂蠋魏蟿蔚蟼 (蠈蟺蠅蟼 慰 尾伪蟻蠈谓慰蟼) 蟺慰蠀 蟽蟿苇魏慰蠀谓 蟺伪胃畏蟿喂魏慰委 胃蔚伪蟿苇蟼, 蔚谓蠋 纬蠉蟻蠅 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪蟿伪蟻蟻苇慰蠀谓 蠈位伪. 螖蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽畏渭伪蟽委伪. 螚 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 蟿慰 蔚蟻蠅蟿喂魏蠈 蟺维胃慰蟼, 慰 蠁蠈尾慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 胃伪谓维蟿慰蠀 蠁位慰纬委味慰蠀谓 蟿畏谓 蠉蟺伪蟻尉萎 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚尉委蟽慰蠀 魏伪喂, 渭慰位慰谓蠈蟿喂 未蔚谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏维谓慰蠀谓 蟽蠀渭蟺伪胃蔚委蟼, 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰蟽未委未慰蠀谓 尾维胃慰蟼, 蠈谓蟿伪蟼 伪蟿蔚位萎 鈥撐蔽晃晃� 蠈蠂喂 位喂纬蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓伪鈥� 蠈谓蟿伪.
螝伪喂 慰位蠈纬蠀蟻伪 畏 伪喂蠋谓喂伪 螝委谓伪, 畏 蟺蠈位畏 蟿畏蟼 危伪谓纬魏维畏蟼, 畏 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰胃维位伪蟽蟽伪 蟿蠅谓 位畏蟽渭慰谓畏渭苇谓蠅谓 蠄蠀蠂蠋谓, 蟿蠅谓 伪谓苇蟽蟿喂蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 位喂渭慰魏蟿慰谓慰蠉谓蟿蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 蟺蟻慰位蔚蟿维蟻喂蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚谓蠋谓蔚喂 渭喂伪 螜未苇伪, 渭喂伪 蠀蟺蠈蟽蠂蔚蟽畏 喂魏伪谓萎 谓伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰尾喂尾维蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 尾慰蠉蟻魏慰 蟿畏蟼 渭维味伪蟼 蟽蔚 蔚魏蔚委谓畏 蔚谓蠈蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 蠈谓蟿慰蟼, 喂魏伪谓慰蠉 谓伪 蟽蟿伪胃蔚委 蟽蟿伪 蟺蠈未喂伪 蟿慰蠀 魏伪喂 谓伪 魏蟻伪蠀纬维蟽蔚喂 芦螌蠂喂!禄 蟺蟻慰蟿慰蠉 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽蟿蔚委. 螕喂伪 谓伪 伪魏慰位慰蠀胃萎蟽慰蠀谓 维位位慰喂, 维位位蔚蟼 魏蟻伪蠀纬苇蟼, 维位位蔚蟼 蔚位蟺委未蔚蟼, 维位位伪 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻委渭渭喂伪. 螝伪喂 蔚谓 蟿蠅 渭苇蟽蠅, 慰蟻胃蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰 蟺伪蟻维蟽蟿畏渭维 蟿慰蠀蟼 螁纬喂慰喂 蟿蟻慰渭慰魏蟻维蟿蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿蔚蟼 伪蟺蠈 魏维胃蔚 纬蠅谓喂维 蟿慰蠀 蟺位伪谓萎蟿畏, 芦蟺维位鈥� 蔚喂蟼 渭喂魏蟻蠈谓 纬蔚谓谓伪委慰喂, 蟺维位喂 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻苇蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蠈蟽慰 渭蟺慰蟻慰蠉谓蔚禄, 伪谓伪渭苇谓慰谓蟿伪蟼 渭蔚 伪纬蠅谓委伪 魏伪喂 魏蟻蠀蠁萎 蟺位畏蟽渭慰谓萎 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻慰未慰蟽委伪, 蟺伪谓苇蟿慰喂渭慰喂 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蟺慰蟻蔚委伪 蟽蟿慰谓 螕慰位纬慰胃维, 渭蔚 尾位苇渭渭伪 蟽蟿蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蟺喂魏蔚委渭蔚谓畏 蟽蟿伪蠉蟻蠅蟽畏 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 螒谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚魏蔚委谓慰喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟺慰魏伪位苇蟽伪谓 螘蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏.
危魏蠈蟺喂渭伪 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 蔚蟺喂蠂蔚喂蟻蔚委 谓伪 未喂蔚渭尾慰位委蟽蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪谓维纬魏畏 蟿慰蠀 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 纬喂伪 维渭蔚蟽畏 蟿伪蠉蟿喂蟽畏 渭蔚 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺维蟽蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼, 渭苇蟽蠅 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪蟻蔚渭尾慰位蠋谓 蠁喂位慰蟽慰蠁喂魏蠋谓 蟽蟿慰蠂伪蟽渭蠋谓 魏伪喂 未喂伪位蠈纬蠅谓 蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏慰蠉 蟺蟻慰尾位畏渭伪蟿喂蟽渭慰蠉 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻慰蟽未委未慰蠀谓 蟽蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 蟿畏谓 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 伪蟺慰蟽蟿伪蟽喂慰蟺慰委畏蟽畏. 螣喂 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 未蟻维蟽畏蟼 蔚谓伪位位维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 谓畏谓蔚渭委伪蟼, 蟿慰蠀位维蠂喂蟽蟿慰谓 蟽蔚 蟺蟻蠋蟿慰 蔚蟺委蟺蔚未慰, 慰蟺蠈蟿蔚 畏 蟽蠉纬魏蟻慰蠀蟽畏 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蔚蠉蔚蟿伪喂 萎 渭蔚蟿伪蠁苇蟻蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 未喂伪位蠈纬慰蠀蟼, 蠂蟻畏蟽喂渭慰蟺慰喂蠋谓蟿伪蟼 位蠈纬慰 伪蟺慰蟽蟺伪蟽渭伪蟿喂魏蠈, 蔚谓委慰蟿蔚 谓慰畏渭伪蟿喂魏维 蟺蠀魏谓蠈. 螣 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼 蔚喂蟽苇蟻蠂蔚蟿伪喂, 尾委伪喂伪 胃伪蟻蟻蔚委蟼 蟽蔚 蟽蟿喂纬渭苇蟼, 蟽蟿慰 蠀蟺慰蟽蠀谓蔚委未畏蟿慰 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓 蟿慰蠀, 伪谓伪蟽蠉蟻慰谓蟿伪蟼 渭蠉蠂喂蔚蟼 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼, 蟽蟿伪渭伪蟿蠋谓蟿伪蟼 蟺蔚蟻委蟿蔚蠂谓伪 蟿畏谓 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏萎蟼 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 蟿蠅谓 畏渭蔚蟻蠋谓 蔚魏蔚委谓蠅谓 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟽蟿萎蟽蔚喂 蟿慰谓 魏伪胃蟻苇蠁蟿畏 渭蟺蟻慰蟽蟿维 蟽蟿慰 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈 蟺蔚蟺蟻蠅渭苇谓慰.
螒蠀蟿苇蟼 慰喂 维蠄慰纬伪 蔚谓慰蟻蠂畏蟽蟿蟻蠅渭苇谓蔚蟼 蟽魏畏谓苇蟼 未蠅渭伪蟿委慰蠀 蟿蔚渭伪蠂委味慰蠀谓 蟿慰谓 蠂蟻蠈谓慰, 蔚蟺喂蟿蟻苇蟺慰谓蟿维蟼 渭伪蟼 谓伪 尾蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蠉渭蔚 纬喂伪 位委纬慰 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏蠈 蠂蠋蟻慰 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓. 螘魏蔚委 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰蠀渭蔚 蟿慰蠀 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏慰蠉 未蟻维渭伪蟿慰蟼, 蟿蠅谓 伪渭蠁喂蟿伪位伪谓蟿蔚蠉蟽蔚蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 蟺蟻慰蟽未慰魏喂蠋谓 魏伪喂 蟺蟻慰未慰蟽喂蠋谓, 伪喂蟽胃畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠋谓 魏伪喂 蔚蟻蠅蟿喂魏蠋谓 未喂伪蠄蔚蠉蟽蔚蠅谓, 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂蔚蠁蟽魏喂魏萎蟼 蟽蠀蠂谓维 蔚渭尾蟻委胃蔚喂伪蟼. 螘委谓伪喂, 蔚尉维位位慰蠀, 伪蠀蟿萎 畏 蟽蠉纬魏蟻慰蠀蟽畏 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 未伪喂渭慰谓委蠅谓 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 苇尉蠅胃蔚谓 蟺蟻慰蔚蟻蠂蠈渭蔚谓慰 谓蟿蔚蟿蔚蟻渭喂谓喂蟽渭蠈 蟺慰蠀 纬蔚谓谓维 蟿畏 渭蔚纬维位畏 位慰纬慰蟿蔚蠂谓委伪.
螘谓蟿慰蠉蟿慰喂蟼, 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 蟺慰蠀 慰 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰 未蟻维渭伪 蟿蠅谓 蔚尉蔚纬蔚蟻渭苇谓蠅谓, 渭蔚 魏慰谓蟿喂谓维 蟺位维谓伪 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿伪纬蟻维蠁慰蠀谓 蟿喂蟼 伪蟺慰蠂蟻蠋蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿畏蟼 胃位委蠄畏蟼, 蟿慰蠀 魏蔚谓慰蠉, 蟿畏蟼 苇位蔚蠀蟽畏蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟿苇位慰蠀蟼. 螘谓蠈蟼 蟿苇位慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 慰喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰 尾喂蠋谓慰蠀谓 渭蔚 蟿蟻蠈蟺慰 伪蟺蠈魏慰蟽渭伪鈥� 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰, 蠅蟼 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰 魏伪喂 慰蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈. 螕喂伪 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪纬蠅谓委蟽蟿畏魏伪谓 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰喂 谓伪 蟺蔚胃维谓慰蠀谓 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 苇位蔚蠀蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 螣蠀蟿慰蟺委伪蟼 蔚未蠋 魏伪喂 蟿蠋蟻伪, 未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 蠀蟺维蟻尉蔚喂 未喂魏伪委蠅蟽畏 蟽蔚 维位位慰 魏蠈蟽渭慰. 螣 伪蟺慰蠂伪喂蟻蔚蟿喂蟽渭蠈蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 慰蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈蟼 魏伪喂 伪渭蔚蟿维魏位畏蟿慰蟼, 慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏蠈蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽渭蠈蟼 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 胃蠀蟽委伪.
螞委纬慰 蟺蟻喂谓 慰 蟺伪位伪委渭伪蠂慰蟼 巍蠋蟽慰蟼 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿畏蟼 螝维蟿慰蠁 蟺维蟻蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂维蟺喂 渭蔚 蟿慰 魏蠀维谓喂慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟿慰谓 位蠀蟿蟻蠋蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 蟺蠈谓慰 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟺蔚蟻蠂蠈渭蔚谓蠅谓 尾伪蟽伪谓喂蟽蟿畏蟻委蠅谓 魏伪喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚魏蟿苇位蔚蟽畏蟼, 胃伪 蟿慰 蟽蟺维蟽蔚喂 蟽蟿畏 渭苇蟽畏 魏伪喂 胃伪 蟿慰 未蠋蟽蔚喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 未蠉慰 蠁慰尾喂蟽渭苇谓慰蠀蟼 谓蔚伪蟻慰蠉蟼 螝喂谓苇味慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟿慰蠀. 螘魏蔚委 蟽蟿慰 蟽魏慰蟿蔚喂谓蠈 魏慰位伪蟽蟿萎蟻喂慰 蟺慰蠀 渭蔚位位慰胃维谓伪蟿慰喂 魏蔚委蟿慰谓蟿伪喂 渭喂蟽蠈蟿蟻蔚位慰喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 蠁蠈尾慰 蟺慰蠀 蟿蟻蠋蔚喂 蟿伪 蟽蠅胃喂魏维, 慰 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿畏蟼 胃伪 蟺蟻慰蟽蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺慰位蠀蟿喂渭蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 未蠋蟻慰: 苇谓伪谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰 蟽蟺位伪蠂谓喂魏蠈. 螤蟻慰蟿维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰 蔚尉蔚蠀蟿蔚位喂蟽渭蠈 蟺慰蠀 蠁苇蟻谓蔚喂 慰 蔚蟺喂魏蔚委渭蔚谓慰蟼 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 蟿慰 渭慰谓伪未喂魏蠈 蠈蟺位慰 蟺慰蠀 未喂伪胃苇蟿慰蠀谓 蟿伪 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓伪 蠈谓蟿伪: 蟿畏谓 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏. 螝喂 蠈蟿伪谓 慰 围维蟻慰蟼 苇蟻胃蔚喂 纬喂鈥� 伪蠀蟿蠈谓, 尉苇蟻蔚喂 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蟺蟻蠈魏蔚喂蟿伪喂 谓伪 蟿慰谓 尾蟻蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 蟿慰蠀. 围喂位喂维未蔚蟼 苇蠂慰蠀谓 萎未畏 蟺蔚蟻维蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蔚魏蔚委, 蠂喂位喂维未蔚蟼 伪魏蠈渭伪 胃伪 蠂蟻蔚喂伪蟽蟿蔚委 谓伪 伪位蔚蟽蟿慰蠉谓 蟽蟿喂蟼 渭蠀位蠈蟺蔚蟿蟻蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 螜蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼鈥�
芦违蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 苇谓伪蟼 蟺委谓伪魏伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 Klee 蟺慰蠀 慰谓慰渭维味蔚蟿伪喂 Angelus Novus. 螒蟺蔚喂魏慰谓委味蔚喂 苇谓伪谓 维纬纬蔚位慰 蟺慰蠀 渭慰喂维味蔚喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰蟼 谓伪 伪蟺慰渭伪魏蟻蠀谓胃蔚委 伪蟺蠈 魏维蟿喂 蟽蟿慰 慰蟺慰委慰 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽蟿蠀位蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 尾位苇渭渭伪 蟿慰蠀. 韦伪 渭维蟿喂伪 蟿慰蠀 蔚委谓伪喂 纬慰蠀蟻位蠅渭苇谓伪, 蟿慰 蟽蟿蠈渭伪 蟿慰蠀 伪谓慰喂蠂蟿蠈, 蟿伪 蠁蟿蔚蟻维 蟿慰蠀 伪谓伪蟺蔚蟺蟿伪渭苇谓伪. 螆蟿蟽喂, 蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂 谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 蠈蠄畏 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿鈥� 伪谓维纬魏畏谓 苇蠂蔚喂 慰 维纬纬蔚位慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼. 螆蠂蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺蟻蠈蟽蠅蟺蠈 蟿慰蠀 蟽蟿蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰 蟽蟿慰 蟺伪蟻蔚位胃蠈谓鈥� 螘魏蔚委 蠈蟺慰蠀 蟺伪蟻慰蠀蟽喂维味蔚蟿伪喂 蟽鈥� 蔚渭维蟼 渭喂伪 伪位位畏位慰蠀蠂委伪 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟿蠅谓, 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蟼 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 渭委伪 魏伪喂 渭慰谓伪未喂魏萎 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁萎, 畏 慰蟺慰委伪 未蔚谓 蟺伪蠉蔚喂 谓伪 蟽蠅蟻蔚蠉蔚喂 蔚蟻蔚委蟺喂伪 蔚蟺委 蔚蟻蔚喂蟺委蠅谓 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟿伪 蔚魏蟿慰尉蔚蠉蔚喂 渭蟺蟻慰蟼 蟽蟿伪 蟺蠈未喂伪 蟿慰蠀禄.
螔. 螠蟺苇谓纬喂伪渭喂谓
螚 蠀蟺蠈蟽蠂蔚蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 螔伪蟽喂位蔚委慰蠀 蟿畏蟼 螘蠀蟿蠀蠂委伪蟼 渭伪蟿伪喂蠋谓蔚蟿伪喂 伪苇谓伪伪 魏喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟺慰蠀 伪蟺慰渭苇谓蔚喂 蟽蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 螘尉慰蟻委伪, 未喂伪魏萎蟻蠀蟽蟽蔚 尾位慰蟽蠀蟻维 苇谓伪蟼 维位位慰蟼 渭蔚纬维位慰蟼 蟿蠅谓 纬伪位位喂魏蠋谓 纬蟻伪渭渭维蟿蠅谓. 螘维谓 蠈渭蠅蟼 慰 螤伪蟻维未蔚喂蟽慰蟼 蟺伪蟻伪渭苇谓蔚喂 蔚蟽伪蔚委 螒蟺慰位蔚蟽胃蔚委蟼 魏伪喂 伪蟺蟻蠈蟽喂蟿慰蟼, 蟿蠈蟿蔚 蟺慰喂慰 蟿慰 谓蠈畏渭伪 蟿畏蟼 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼; 螚 伪蟺维谓蟿畏蟽畏 蠁慰尾维渭伪喂 蟺蠅蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蟺伪喂蟽喂蠈未慰尉畏: 螖蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蠀蟺维蟻尉蔚喂 鈥撐肯嵪勎� 蟺蟻蠈魏蔚喂蟿伪喂鈥� 魏维蟺慰喂慰 苇蟻纬慰 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼, 魏维蟺慰喂慰 尾喂尾位委慰/喂蔚蟻蠈 魏蔚委渭蔚谓慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 未喂伪蟽蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿畏谓 蟺维蟽蠂慰蠀蟽伪 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪, 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 伪谓伪蟽蠉蟻蔚喂 蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 伪蟺蠈 蟿伪 尾维胃畏 蟿慰蠀 蟿蟻蠈渭慰蠀 (蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏慰蠉 魏伪喂 蠀蟺伪蟻魏蟿慰蠉), 蟽蟿蔚蠁伪谓蠋谓慰谓蟿维蟼 蟿慰谓 渭蔚 蟿喂蟼 未维蠁谓蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀 渭蔚纬伪位蔚委慰蠀 魏伪胃蠋蟼 慰未蔚蠉蔚喂 蟺蟻慰蟼 蟿畏 围喂位喂蔚蟿萎 螔伪蟽喂位蔚委伪.
螘委渭伪喂 尾苇尾伪喂慰蟼 蟺蠅蟼 慰 螒谓蟿蟻苇 螠伪位蟻蠈 未蔚谓 苇蟺伪蟽蠂蔚 伪蟺蠈 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰蠀 蔚委未慰蠀蟼 illusions de grandeur, 蠈蟿伪谓 蟽蠀谓苇纬蟻伪蠁蔚 蟿畏谓 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪. 螣蠀未蔚委蟼 蔚渭尾蟻喂胃萎蟼 蟽蠂慰位喂伪蟽蟿萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 未蟻维渭伪蟿慰蟼 (蔚谓委慰蟿蔚 魏蠅渭蠅未委伪蟼), 蔚魏 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠉谓蔚纬纬蠀蟼 蟺伪蟻伪蟿畏蟻畏蟿萎蟼 魏伪喂 伪谓伪蟿蠈渭慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠄蠀蠂萎蟼, 未蔚谓 尾伪蠀魏伪位委味蔚蟿伪喂 蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰 苇蟻纬慰 蟿慰蠀 胃伪 未喂慰蟻胃蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿伪 魏伪魏蠋蟼 魏蔚委渭蔚谓伪 萎 胃伪 蟽蠀谓蔚喂蟽蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚纬魏伪胃委未蟻蠀蟽畏 渭喂伪蟼 慰蠀蟿慰蟺喂魏萎蟼 魏慰喂谓蠅谓委伪蟼. 韦慰蠉蟿慰 伪蟺伪喂蟿蔚委 蟺蟻慰蟺伪纬伪谓未喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼 蟿畏蟼 未蟻维蟽畏蟼, 渭蔚 伪蟿伪位维谓蟿蔚蠀蟿慰 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏蠈 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂蟽渭蠈 魏伪喂 尉蔚魏维胃伪蟻慰 蟺蟻慰蟽伪谓伪蟿慰位喂蟽渭蠈. 螝伪喂, 蠅蟼 纬谓蠅蟽蟿蠈谓, 伪蠀蟿慰委 蟽蟺伪谓委蠅蟼 蠀蟺萎蟻尉伪谓 魏伪位位喂蟿苇蠂谓蔚蟼, 魏伪委蟿慰喂 委蟽蠅蟼 未喂伪魏蟻委胃畏魏伪谓 蠅蟼 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰喂.
螣 螠伪位蟻蠈 蠀蟺萎蟻尉蔚 蟺谓蔚蠀渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟼 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 魏伪喂 位慰纬慰蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼 蟺蟻蠋蟿畏蟼 纬蟻伪渭渭萎蟼. 螆味畏蟽蔚, 未畏渭喂慰蠉蟻纬畏蟽蔚 魏伪喂 渭蔚蟿蔚委蠂蔚 蟽蟿伪 魏慰喂谓维 蟽蔚 蠂蟻蠈谓喂伪 未委蟽蔚魏蟿伪, 蠈蟺慰蠀 畏 蟽蠀渭渭蔚蟿慰蠂萎 蟿慰蠀 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰蠀 胃蔚蠅蟻蔚委蟿慰 伪谓伪蟺蠈蠁蔚蠀魏蟿畏 魏伪喂 畏 伪蟺慰蠀蟽委伪 蔚蟺苇蟽蠀蟻蔚 蟿畏 渭萎谓喂 蟿蠅谓 慰渭慰纬维位伪魏蟿蠅谓 (芦鈥ο勏屛� 蟿蔚 渭畏未苇谓 蟿峥段轿次� 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰谓蟿伪 慰峤愇� 峒€蟺蟻维纬渭慰谓伪 峒€位位鈥� 峒€蠂蟻蔚峥栁课� 谓慰渭委味慰渭蔚谓禄). 螚 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏 蟿蠅谓 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓蠅谓 渭蔚 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺维蟽蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 蔚位维渭尾伪谓蔚 蟽蠀蠂谓维 未喂伪蟽蟿维蟽蔚喂蟼 蠂蟻喂蟽蟿喂伪谓喂魏萎蟼 胃蠀蟽委伪蟼, 蠅蟼 伪谓蟿委尾伪蟻慰 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蠀渭维蟻蔚喂伪 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚蟺苇蟿蟻蔚蟺蔚 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 畏蟽蠀蠂委伪 蟿慰蠀 纬蟻伪蠁蔚委慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 谓伪 渭蔚蟿慰蠀蟽喂蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰谓 蟺蠈谓慰, 蟿慰 伪委渭伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 尾维蟽伪谓伪 蟿蠅谓 蟺位畏尾蔚委蠅谓 蟽蔚 位苇尉蔚喂蟼, 蟽蔚 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 魏伪喂 尾喂尾位委伪.
危蔚 蟽魏慰蟿蔚喂谓苇蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂苇蟼, (蠈蟺慰蠀 蟿慰 魏伪胃萎魏慰谓 蟿慰蠀 魏伪位位喂蟿苇蠂谓畏 蔚蟺苇蟿伪蟽蟽蔚 谓伪 蔚蟺喂蟽蟿蟻苇蠄蔚喂 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟺位蔚慰谓维蟽渭伪蟿慰蟼 蟿蠉蠂畏蟼 蟿慰蠀 渭苇蟽蠅 苇蟻纬蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 未喂苇蟽蟺蔚喂蟻伪谓 蟿畏谓 芦蟺伪谓慰蠉魏位伪禄 蔚谓蟿蠈蟼 蟿蠅谓 蟿蔚喂蠂蠋谓, 蔚蠀蔚位蟺喂蟽蟿蠋谓蟿伪蟼 蟺蠅蟼 伪蟻蠂喂魏维 畏 谓蟿蟻慰蟺萎 鈥撐迪€伪谓伪蟽蟿伪蟿喂魏蠈 蟽蠀谓伪委蟽胃畏渭伪, 魏伪蟿维 蟿慰谓 螠伪蟻尉鈥� 魏伪喂 蟽蟿畏 蟽蠀谓苇蠂蔚喂伪 畏 未蟻维蟽畏, 胃伪 魏喂谓畏蟿慰蟺慰喂萎蟽蔚喂 蟿喂蟼 伪蟺伪胃蔚委蟼 渭维味蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 螖蠉蟽畏蟼), 蠋未喂谓蔚谓 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 魏伪喂 苇蟿蔚魏蔚谓 蟿畏谓 螒谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪. 螠蠀胃喂蟽蟿蠈蟻畏渭伪 蟺慰蠀 位伪渭尾维谓蔚喂 蠂蠋蟻伪 蟽蟿畏 渭伪魏蟻喂谓萎 危伪谓纬魏维畏 蟿畏蟼 螝委谓伪蟼, 蟿慰 蟽蠅蟿萎蟻喂慰 苇蟿慰蟼 1927, 蟿畏谓 蟺蔚蟻委慰未慰 蟿畏蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻喂尾萎蟼 蟿蠅谓 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿蠋谓 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓, 渭苇蠂蟻喂 蟺蟻蠈蟿喂谓慰蟼 蟽蠉碌碌伪蠂蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼, 韦蟽伪谓纬魏 螝维喂-危蔚魏 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚胃谓喂魏喂蟽蟿苇蟼. 螆蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 味萎蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 魏慰谓蟿维 蟿畏 蠁蟻委魏畏 蟿畏蟼 螒蟺慰喂魏喂慰魏蟻伪蟿委伪蟼, 蟿慰谓 蟽蟿蟻伪纬纬伪位喂蟽渭蠈 蟿蠅谓 蠂蠅蟻蠋谓 蟿畏蟼 蟺蔚蟻喂蠁苇蟻蔚喂伪蟼 伪蟺蠈 蟿喂蟼 渭蔚纬维位蔚蟼 未蠀谓维渭蔚喂蟼, 蟿畏 蟽蠀谓苇蟻纬蔚喂伪 魏蠀尾蔚蟻谓萎蟽蔚蠅谓 魏伪喂 渭蔚纬维位蠅谓 蔚蟺喂蠂蔚喂蟻萎蟽蔚蠅谓 纬喂伪 蠀蟺苇蟻慰纬魏伪 渭伪蟿蠅渭苇谓伪 魏苇蟻未畏 蟺慰蠀, 蔚谓 蟽蠀谓蔚蠂蔚委伪, 蔚蟺苇蟽蟿蟻蔚蠁伪谓 蟽蟿喂蟼 螠畏蟿蟻慰蟺蠈位蔚喂蟼 (纬喂伪 谓伪 纬委谓慰蠀谓 蟿苇蠂谓畏, 蟺慰位喂蟿喂蟽渭蠈蟼, 蔚蠀味蠅委伪 魏伪喂 魏维位位慰蟼), 魏伪蟿苇胃蔚蟽蔚 苇谓伪 位慰纬慰蟿蔚蠂谓喂魏蠈 苇蟺慰蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 畏蟿蟿畏渭苇谓慰蠀蟼.
螌渭蠅蟼, 蠈蟽慰 魏喂 伪谓 慰 魏伪蟿伪纬纬蔚位蟿喂魏蠈蟼 位蠈纬慰蟼, 畏 伪谓维纬魏畏 未喂魏伪委蠅蟽畏蟼 蟿蠅谓 伪蟺伪谓蟿伪蠂慰蠉 胃蠀渭维蟿蠅谓 蠀蟺萎蟻尉蔚, 喂未委蠅蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 慰蟻纬伪谓喂魏慰蠉蟼 未喂伪谓慰慰蠉渭蔚谓慰蠀蟼, 蟺蔚喂蟻伪蟽渭蠈蟼 喂蟽蠂蠀蟻蠈蟼, 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 未蔚谓 蠀蟺慰魏蠉蟺蟿蔚喂 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蠀魏慰位委伪. 螆蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟺维蟻蔚喂 胃苇蟽畏 尉蔚魏维胃伪蟻畏 蠀蟺苇蟻 蟿蠅谓 魏伪蟿伪蟺喂蔚蟽渭苇谓蠅谓, 蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蠅蟼 蟿委蟿位慰 蟿喂渭萎蟼 蟿畏 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎 蟿慰蠀 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪, 蠅蟼 蟺伪谓慰蟺位委伪, 蟺位维胃慰谓蟿伪蟼 萎蟻蠅蔚蟼 渭蔚 慰蠀蟽委伪 魏伪喂 尾维胃慰蟼, 蠈蠂喂 蠂维蟻蟿喂谓蔚蟼 蠁喂纬慰蠉蟻蔚蟼, 魏蠉渭尾伪位伪 伪位伪位维味慰谓蟿伪. 螚 蟽伪纬萎谓畏 蟿畏蟼 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟿苇蠂谓畏蟼 渭蔚蟿蟻喂维味蔚喂 蟿畏谓 维渭蔚蟽畏 蟺蠀蟻慰未蠈蟿畏蟽畏 蔚尉蔚纬蔚蟻蟿喂魏蠋谓 蟽蠀谓伪喂蟽胃畏渭维蟿蠅谓, 蟿慰谓 蟺蟻蠈蟽魏伪喂蟻慰 胃蟻委伪渭尾慰 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺喂魏伪喂蟻蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼, 蟿畏谓 畏渭喂味蠅萎 蟿畏蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂喂魏萎蟼 未喂维魏蟻喂蟽畏蟼. 螚 蔚蟺喂位慰纬萎 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪 蔚委谓伪喂 维位位畏: 螤蠋蟼 谓伪 蔚尉喂蟽慰蟻蟻慰蟺萎蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏维 蟺蔚蟺蔚蟻伪蟽渭苇谓慰 渭蔚 魏维蟿喂 蟺慰位蠉 蟺喂慰 喂蟽蠂蠀蟻蠈 魏伪喂 尾伪胃蠉: 蟿畏谓 伪谓维未蔚喂尉畏 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 慰蠀蟽委伪蟼, 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼, 蟿蠅谓 蟽蟿慰喂蠂蔚委蠅谓 蔚魏蔚委谓蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 魏伪胃喂蟽蟿慰蠉谓 苇谓伪 尾喂尾位委慰 魏位伪蟽喂魏蠈, 伪魏蠈渭伪 魏喂 蠈蟿伪谓 慰 位蠈纬慰蟼 纬喂伪 蟿慰谓 慰蟺慰委慰 纬蟻维蠁蟿畏魏蔚 蔚尉伪蟻蠂萎蟼 苇蠂蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 魏伪喂蟻蠈 尉蔚蠂伪蟽蟿蔚委.
螌蟿伪谓 慰 伪蠀蟿慰魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁喂魏蠈蟼 蟿蟻慰渭慰魏蟻维蟿畏蟼 韦蟽蔚谓 蟺伪蟻伪位畏蟻蔚委: 芦鈥ξ勎蔽� 渭蠈谓慰蟼 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰, 渭蠈谓慰蟼 蟽蔚 苇谓伪 渭苇蟻慰蟼 未委蠂蠅蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼, 蟿蠈蟿蔚 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰谓 蟽蠀谓苇蟿蟻喂尾蔚 谓蠅蠂蔚位喂魏维 畏 蠁蟻委魏畏 魏伪喂 畏 纬蔚蠉蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 伪委渭伪蟿慰蟼禄, 慰 蟽蠉纬蠂蟻慰谓慰蟼 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏蟼 蟽蟿慰蠂维味蔚蟿伪喂. 螕喂伪 蟿慰 未委魏伪喂慰 蟿慰蠀 蟽魏慰蟺慰蠉, 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 伪蠀蟿慰胃蠀蟽委伪, 纬喂伪 蟿畏 尾伪胃喂维 蟻萎尉畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚蟺喂蠁苇蟻蔚喂 慰 尾委伪喂慰蟼 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 慰 蠁蠈谓慰蟼, 渭蔚蟿伪尉蠉 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺委谓蠅谓 蠈谓蟿蠅谓. 螕喂伪 蟿慰 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟼 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 未委魏伪喂畏 未慰位慰蠁慰谓委伪, 魏伪胃蠋蟼 蟿委蟺慰蟿蔚 未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 纬蔚蠁蠀蟻蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂维蟽渭伪 蟺慰蠀 伪谓慰委纬蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂蠀渭苇谓慰 伪委渭伪. 螒位位维 魏伪喂 纬喂伪 蟿慰 伪谓伪渭蠁委位蔚魏蟿慰 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟼 蟺蠅蟼 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 蔚蟺喂位苇纬蔚喂 蟿畏 味蠅萎 魏伪喂 蟿慰谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰 蠈谓蟿伪蟼 苇蟻渭伪喂慰 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 未蠀谓维渭蔚蠅谓 魏伪喂 蔚尉蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 蟺蔚蟻喂慰蟻喂蟽渭蠋谓, 蟺蠅蟼 畏 蠄蔚蠀未伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪蟼 蔚蟺喂位慰纬萎蟼 伪谓萎魏蔚喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰谓慰渭喂慰蠉蠂慰蠀蟼 魏喂 蠈蠂喂 蟽蔚 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪蟿蠉蠂畏蟽伪谓 谓伪 纬蔚谓谓畏胃慰蠉谓 蔚委位蠅蟿蔚蟼, 渭蔚 渭蠈谓畏 蟿慰蠀蟼 未喂苇尉慰未慰 蟿慰谓 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽渭蠈 鈥� 未喂魏蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 萎 蟿蠅谓 未蠀谓伪蟽蟿蠋谓 蟿慰蠀蟼.
螌蟿伪谓 蟺维位喂 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 尾维味蔚喂 蟿慰谓 萎蟻蠅维 蟿慰蠀 谓伪 位苇蔚喂: 芦螤蟻蠋蟿伪 蠀蟺萎蟻蠂蔚 畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 畏 伪谓伪蟺蠈未蟻伪蟽蟿畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维 蟺委蟽蠅 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰 胃谓畏蟿蠈 蟺位萎胃慰蟼, 蠈蟺蠅蟼 畏 伪蟻蠂苇纬慰谓畏 谓蠉蠂蟿伪鈥β�, 渭蠈谓慰 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿伪蟿喂魏蠈 慰委蟽蟿蟻慰 未蔚谓 未畏渭喂慰蠀蟻纬蔚委 蟽蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀. 危蔚 伪谓蟿委胃蔚蟽畏 蠈渭蠅蟼 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 喂未蔚慰位蠈纬慰, 慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蔚魏蟿喂魏蠈蟼 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏蟼 未喂伪尾维味蔚喂 伪谓维渭蔚蟽伪 蟽蟿喂蟼 纬蟻伪渭渭苇蟼 魏伪喂 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蔚蟺喂未苇尉喂慰 蠂蔚喂蟻喂蟽渭蠈 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪 蟺慰蠀 渭蔚蟿伪蟿慰蟺委味蔚喂 蟿慰 尾维蟻慰蟼 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰 蟽蠀位位慰纬喂魏蠈 蟽蟿慰 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈, 蠀蟺蔚谓胃蠀渭委味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟽蠀谓蔚蠂蠋蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀 蠂胃蔚蟼 伪位位维 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀 蟽萎渭蔚蟻伪 蟺蠅蟼 伪谓蔚尉维蟻蟿畏蟿伪 伪蟺蠈 蟿喂蟼 蔚蟺慰蠂苇蟼 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 蟽蠀谓胃萎魏蔚蟼, 蟿慰 蟺伪谓蟿伪蠂慰蠉 蟺伪蟻蠈谓 horror vacui 蔚蟺喂魏伪胃慰蟻委味蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺位伪委蟽喂慰 蔚谓蠈蟼 尾委慰蠀 芦慰蠀 尾喂蠅蟿慰蠉禄.
螒魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 慰喂 伪蟻谓畏蟿喂魏慰委 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿萎蟻蔚蟼, 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚尉慰蠀蟽委伪蟼, 慰喂 魏伪蟿苇蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰谓 蟺位慰蠉蟿慰, 蟿伪 蟺蟻慰谓蠈渭喂伪 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 喂蟽蠂蠉 苇蠂慰蠀谓 位蠈纬慰 蠉蟺伪蟻尉畏蟼. 螠蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 伪谓萎魏慰蠀谓 蟽蔚 维位位畏 蟿维尉畏, 谓伪 蔚蟺喂胃蠀渭慰蠉谓 纬喂伪 位蠈纬慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏慰蠉 蟽蠀渭蠁苇蟻慰谓蟿慰蟼 蟿畏谓 魏伪蟿维蟺谓喂尉畏 蟿畏蟼 蔚尉苇纬蔚蟻蟽畏蟼, 伪位位维 未蔚谓 蟺伪蠉慰蠀谓 谓伪 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰蠀谓 蟿畏蟼 魏慰喂谓萎蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼. 韦慰 委未喂慰 喂蟽蠂蠉蔚喂 魏伪喂 纬喂伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏维胃蔚 位慰纬萎蟼 蟿蠀蠂慰未喂蠋魏蟿蔚蟼 (蠈蟺蠅蟼 慰 尾伪蟻蠈谓慰蟼) 蟺慰蠀 蟽蟿苇魏慰蠀谓 蟺伪胃畏蟿喂魏慰委 胃蔚伪蟿苇蟼, 蔚谓蠋 纬蠉蟻蠅 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪蟿伪蟻蟻苇慰蠀谓 蠈位伪. 螖蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽畏渭伪蟽委伪. 螚 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 蟿慰 蔚蟻蠅蟿喂魏蠈 蟺维胃慰蟼, 慰 蠁蠈尾慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 胃伪谓维蟿慰蠀 蠁位慰纬委味慰蠀谓 蟿畏谓 蠉蟺伪蟻尉萎 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚尉委蟽慰蠀 魏伪喂, 渭慰位慰谓蠈蟿喂 未蔚谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏维谓慰蠀谓 蟽蠀渭蟺伪胃蔚委蟼, 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰蟽未委未慰蠀谓 尾维胃慰蟼, 蠈谓蟿伪蟼 伪蟿蔚位萎 鈥撐蔽晃晃� 蠈蠂喂 位喂纬蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓伪鈥� 蠈谓蟿伪.
螝伪喂 慰位蠈纬蠀蟻伪 畏 伪喂蠋谓喂伪 螝委谓伪, 畏 蟺蠈位畏 蟿畏蟼 危伪谓纬魏维畏蟼, 畏 伪谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰胃维位伪蟽蟽伪 蟿蠅谓 位畏蟽渭慰谓畏渭苇谓蠅谓 蠄蠀蠂蠋谓, 蟿蠅谓 伪谓苇蟽蟿喂蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 位喂渭慰魏蟿慰谓慰蠉谓蟿蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 蟺蟻慰位蔚蟿维蟻喂蠅谓 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚谓蠋谓蔚喂 渭喂伪 螜未苇伪, 渭喂伪 蠀蟺蠈蟽蠂蔚蟽畏 喂魏伪谓萎 谓伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺蟻慰尾喂尾维蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 尾慰蠉蟻魏慰 蟿畏蟼 渭维味伪蟼 蟽蔚 蔚魏蔚委谓畏 蔚谓蠈蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 蠈谓蟿慰蟼, 喂魏伪谓慰蠉 谓伪 蟽蟿伪胃蔚委 蟽蟿伪 蟺蠈未喂伪 蟿慰蠀 魏伪喂 谓伪 魏蟻伪蠀纬维蟽蔚喂 芦螌蠂喂!禄 蟺蟻慰蟿慰蠉 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽蟿蔚委. 螕喂伪 谓伪 伪魏慰位慰蠀胃萎蟽慰蠀谓 维位位慰喂, 维位位蔚蟼 魏蟻伪蠀纬苇蟼, 维位位蔚蟼 蔚位蟺委未蔚蟼, 维位位伪 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻委渭渭喂伪. 螝伪喂 蔚谓 蟿蠅 渭苇蟽蠅, 慰蟻胃蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰 蟺伪蟻维蟽蟿畏渭维 蟿慰蠀蟼 螁纬喂慰喂 蟿蟻慰渭慰魏蟻维蟿蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿蔚蟼 伪蟺蠈 魏维胃蔚 纬蠅谓喂维 蟿慰蠀 蟺位伪谓萎蟿畏, 芦蟺维位鈥� 蔚喂蟼 渭喂魏蟻蠈谓 纬蔚谓谓伪委慰喂, 蟺维位喂 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻苇蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼 蠈蟽慰 渭蟺慰蟻慰蠉谓蔚禄, 伪谓伪渭苇谓慰谓蟿伪蟼 渭蔚 伪纬蠅谓委伪 魏伪喂 魏蟻蠀蠁萎 蟺位畏蟽渭慰谓萎 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻慰未慰蟽委伪, 蟺伪谓苇蟿慰喂渭慰喂 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 蟺慰蟻蔚委伪 蟽蟿慰谓 螕慰位纬慰胃维, 渭蔚 尾位苇渭渭伪 蟽蟿蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蟺喂魏蔚委渭蔚谓畏 蟽蟿伪蠉蟻蠅蟽畏 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 螒谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚魏蔚委谓慰喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟺慰魏伪位苇蟽伪谓 螘蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏.
危魏蠈蟺喂渭伪 慰 螠伪位蟻蠈 蔚蟺喂蠂蔚喂蟻蔚委 谓伪 未喂蔚渭尾慰位委蟽蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪谓维纬魏畏 蟿慰蠀 伪谓伪纬谓蠋蟽蟿畏 纬喂伪 维渭蔚蟽畏 蟿伪蠉蟿喂蟽畏 渭蔚 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟺维蟽蠂慰谓蟿蔚蟼, 渭苇蟽蠅 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪蟻蔚渭尾慰位蠋谓 蠁喂位慰蟽慰蠁喂魏蠋谓 蟽蟿慰蠂伪蟽渭蠋谓 魏伪喂 未喂伪位蠈纬蠅谓 蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏慰蠉 蟺蟻慰尾位畏渭伪蟿喂蟽渭慰蠉 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻慰蟽未委未慰蠀谓 蟽蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 蟿畏谓 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 伪蟺慰蟽蟿伪蟽喂慰蟺慰委畏蟽畏. 螣喂 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 未蟻维蟽畏蟼 蔚谓伪位位维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪喂 渭蔚 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 谓畏谓蔚渭委伪蟼, 蟿慰蠀位维蠂喂蟽蟿慰谓 蟽蔚 蟺蟻蠋蟿慰 蔚蟺委蟺蔚未慰, 慰蟺蠈蟿蔚 畏 蟽蠉纬魏蟻慰蠀蟽畏 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蔚蠉蔚蟿伪喂 萎 渭蔚蟿伪蠁苇蟻蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 未喂伪位蠈纬慰蠀蟼, 蠂蟻畏蟽喂渭慰蟺慰喂蠋谓蟿伪蟼 位蠈纬慰 伪蟺慰蟽蟺伪蟽渭伪蟿喂魏蠈, 蔚谓委慰蟿蔚 谓慰畏渭伪蟿喂魏维 蟺蠀魏谓蠈. 螣 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼 蔚喂蟽苇蟻蠂蔚蟿伪喂, 尾委伪喂伪 胃伪蟻蟻蔚委蟼 蟽蔚 蟽蟿喂纬渭苇蟼, 蟽蟿慰 蠀蟺慰蟽蠀谓蔚委未畏蟿慰 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓 蟿慰蠀, 伪谓伪蟽蠉蟻慰谓蟿伪蟼 渭蠉蠂喂蔚蟼 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼, 蟽蟿伪渭伪蟿蠋谓蟿伪蟼 蟺蔚蟻委蟿蔚蠂谓伪 蟿畏谓 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏萎蟼 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪蟼 蟿蠅谓 畏渭蔚蟻蠋谓 蔚魏蔚委谓蠅谓 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟽蟿萎蟽蔚喂 蟿慰谓 魏伪胃蟻苇蠁蟿畏 渭蟺蟻慰蟽蟿维 蟽蟿慰 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈 蟺蔚蟺蟻蠅渭苇谓慰.
螒蠀蟿苇蟼 慰喂 维蠄慰纬伪 蔚谓慰蟻蠂畏蟽蟿蟻蠅渭苇谓蔚蟼 蟽魏畏谓苇蟼 未蠅渭伪蟿委慰蠀 蟿蔚渭伪蠂委味慰蠀谓 蟿慰谓 蠂蟻蠈谓慰, 蔚蟺喂蟿蟻苇蟺慰谓蟿维蟼 渭伪蟼 谓伪 尾蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蠉渭蔚 纬喂伪 位委纬慰 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏蠈 蠂蠋蟻慰 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓. 螘魏蔚委 渭蔚蟿苇蠂慰蠀渭蔚 蟿慰蠀 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏慰蠉 未蟻维渭伪蟿慰蟼, 蟿蠅谓 伪渭蠁喂蟿伪位伪谓蟿蔚蠉蟽蔚蠅谓, 蟿蠅谓 蟺蟻慰蟽未慰魏喂蠋谓 魏伪喂 蟺蟻慰未慰蟽喂蠋谓, 伪喂蟽胃畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠋谓 魏伪喂 蔚蟻蠅蟿喂魏蠋谓 未喂伪蠄蔚蠉蟽蔚蠅谓, 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂蔚蠁蟽魏喂魏萎蟼 蟽蠀蠂谓维 蔚渭尾蟻委胃蔚喂伪蟼. 螘委谓伪喂, 蔚尉维位位慰蠀, 伪蠀蟿萎 畏 蟽蠉纬魏蟻慰蠀蟽畏 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟽蠅蟿蔚蟻喂魏蠋谓 未伪喂渭慰谓委蠅谓 渭蔚 蟿慰谓 苇尉蠅胃蔚谓 蟺蟻慰蔚蟻蠂蠈渭蔚谓慰 谓蟿蔚蟿蔚蟻渭喂谓喂蟽渭蠈 蟺慰蠀 纬蔚谓谓维 蟿畏 渭蔚纬维位畏 位慰纬慰蟿蔚蠂谓委伪.
螘谓蟿慰蠉蟿慰喂蟼, 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 蟽蔚位委未蔚蟼 蟺慰蠀 慰 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰 未蟻维渭伪 蟿蠅谓 蔚尉蔚纬蔚蟻渭苇谓蠅谓, 渭蔚 魏慰谓蟿喂谓维 蟺位维谓伪 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿伪纬蟻维蠁慰蠀谓 蟿喂蟼 伪蟺慰蠂蟻蠋蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿畏蟼 胃位委蠄畏蟼, 蟿慰蠀 魏蔚谓慰蠉, 蟿畏蟼 苇位蔚蠀蟽畏蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟿苇位慰蠀蟼. 螘谓蠈蟼 蟿苇位慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 慰喂 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰 尾喂蠋谓慰蠀谓 渭蔚 蟿蟻蠈蟺慰 伪蟺蠈魏慰蟽渭伪鈥� 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰, 蠅蟼 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰 魏伪喂 慰蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈. 螕喂伪 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼 蟺慰蠀 伪纬蠅谓委蟽蟿畏魏伪谓 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰喂 谓伪 蟺蔚胃维谓慰蠀谓 纬喂伪 蟿畏谓 苇位蔚蠀蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 螣蠀蟿慰蟺委伪蟼 蔚未蠋 魏伪喂 蟿蠋蟻伪, 未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 蠀蟺维蟻尉蔚喂 未喂魏伪委蠅蟽畏 蟽蔚 维位位慰 魏蠈蟽渭慰. 螣 伪蟺慰蠂伪喂蟻蔚蟿喂蟽渭蠈蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 慰蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈蟼 魏伪喂 伪渭蔚蟿维魏位畏蟿慰蟼, 慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏蠈蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪蠁伪谓喂蟽渭蠈蟼 伪蟺伪蟻伪委蟿畏蟿畏 胃蠀蟽委伪.
螞委纬慰 蟺蟻喂谓 慰 蟺伪位伪委渭伪蠂慰蟼 巍蠋蟽慰蟼 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿畏蟼 螝维蟿慰蠁 蟺维蟻蔚喂 蟿慰 蠂维蟺喂 渭蔚 蟿慰 魏蠀维谓喂慰 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟿慰谓 位蠀蟿蟻蠋蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 蟺蠈谓慰 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟺蔚蟻蠂蠈渭蔚谓蠅谓 尾伪蟽伪谓喂蟽蟿畏蟻委蠅谓 魏伪喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚魏蟿苇位蔚蟽畏蟼, 胃伪 蟿慰 蟽蟺维蟽蔚喂 蟽蟿畏 渭苇蟽畏 魏伪喂 胃伪 蟿慰 未蠋蟽蔚喂 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 未蠉慰 蠁慰尾喂蟽渭苇谓慰蠀蟼 谓蔚伪蟻慰蠉蟼 螝喂谓苇味慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟿慰蠀. 螘魏蔚委 蟽蟿慰 蟽魏慰蟿蔚喂谓蠈 魏慰位伪蟽蟿萎蟻喂慰 蟺慰蠀 渭蔚位位慰胃维谓伪蟿慰喂 魏蔚委蟿慰谓蟿伪喂 渭喂蟽蠈蟿蟻蔚位慰喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰谓 蠁蠈尾慰 蟺慰蠀 蟿蟻蠋蔚喂 蟿伪 蟽蠅胃喂魏维, 慰 蔚蟺伪谓伪蟽蟿维蟿畏蟼 胃伪 蟺蟻慰蟽蠁苇蟻蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺慰位蠀蟿喂渭蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 未蠋蟻慰: 苇谓伪谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰 蟽蟺位伪蠂谓喂魏蠈. 螤蟻慰蟿维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰 蔚尉蔚蠀蟿蔚位喂蟽渭蠈 蟺慰蠀 蠁苇蟻谓蔚喂 慰 蔚蟺喂魏蔚委渭蔚谓慰蟼 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 蟿慰 渭慰谓伪未喂魏蠈 蠈蟺位慰 蟺慰蠀 未喂伪胃苇蟿慰蠀谓 蟿伪 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓伪 蠈谓蟿伪: 蟿畏谓 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏. 螝喂 蠈蟿伪谓 慰 围维蟻慰蟼 苇蟻胃蔚喂 纬喂鈥� 伪蠀蟿蠈谓, 尉苇蟻蔚喂 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蟺蟻蠈魏蔚喂蟿伪喂 谓伪 蟿慰谓 尾蟻蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 蟿慰蠀. 围喂位喂维未蔚蟼 苇蠂慰蠀谓 萎未畏 蟺蔚蟻维蟽蔚喂 伪蟺蠈 蔚魏蔚委, 蠂喂位喂维未蔚蟼 伪魏蠈渭伪 胃伪 蠂蟻蔚喂伪蟽蟿蔚委 谓伪 伪位蔚蟽蟿慰蠉谓 蟽蟿喂蟼 渭蠀位蠈蟺蔚蟿蟻蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 螜蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼鈥�
芦违蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 苇谓伪蟼 蟺委谓伪魏伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 Klee 蟺慰蠀 慰谓慰渭维味蔚蟿伪喂 Angelus Novus. 螒蟺蔚喂魏慰谓委味蔚喂 苇谓伪谓 维纬纬蔚位慰 蟺慰蠀 渭慰喂维味蔚喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰蟼 谓伪 伪蟺慰渭伪魏蟻蠀谓胃蔚委 伪蟺蠈 魏维蟿喂 蟽蟿慰 慰蟺慰委慰 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽蟿蠀位蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 尾位苇渭渭伪 蟿慰蠀. 韦伪 渭维蟿喂伪 蟿慰蠀 蔚委谓伪喂 纬慰蠀蟻位蠅渭苇谓伪, 蟿慰 蟽蟿蠈渭伪 蟿慰蠀 伪谓慰喂蠂蟿蠈, 蟿伪 蠁蟿蔚蟻维 蟿慰蠀 伪谓伪蟺蔚蟺蟿伪渭苇谓伪. 螆蟿蟽喂, 蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂 谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 蠈蠄畏 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿鈥� 伪谓维纬魏畏谓 苇蠂蔚喂 慰 维纬纬蔚位慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻委伪蟼. 螆蠂蔚喂 蟿慰 蟺蟻蠈蟽蠅蟺蠈 蟿慰蠀 蟽蟿蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰 蟽蟿慰 蟺伪蟻蔚位胃蠈谓鈥� 螘魏蔚委 蠈蟺慰蠀 蟺伪蟻慰蠀蟽喂维味蔚蟿伪喂 蟽鈥� 蔚渭维蟼 渭喂伪 伪位位畏位慰蠀蠂委伪 纬蔚纬慰谓蠈蟿蠅谓, 蔚魏蔚委谓慰蟼 尾位苇蟺蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 渭委伪 魏伪喂 渭慰谓伪未喂魏萎 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁萎, 畏 慰蟺慰委伪 未蔚谓 蟺伪蠉蔚喂 谓伪 蟽蠅蟻蔚蠉蔚喂 蔚蟻蔚委蟺喂伪 蔚蟺委 蔚蟻蔚喂蟺委蠅谓 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟿伪 蔚魏蟿慰尉蔚蠉蔚喂 渭蟺蟻慰蟼 蟽蟿伪 蟺蠈未喂伪 蟿慰蠀禄.
螔. 螠蟺苇谓纬喂伪渭喂谓
December 7, 2013
The novel concerns the communist upraising in Shanghai in 1927. The book works on several different levels. On one level it is an action novel featuring the siege, by communist and European insurgents, of a police station in Shanghai, political assassinations, and an arms hijacking. On a larger, more political level, it chronicles the machinations of Russia, the Kuomintang, European industrialists and bankers, and finally the nascent Communist party of China as they decide the fate of the insurgency and the workers and peasants who support it. On yet another level, it is the story of a dozen principle actors and the moral and philosophical attitudes that wed them, not only to political involvement, but inform their search for the meaning of existence. For a book whose framework is dependent on political events which are fading from our consciousness into the past, it is a remarkably good read and often transcendent of the times in which it was written, speaking to the persistent dilemma of finding personal meaning in a chaotic and absurd world.
August 19, 2017
讴鬲丕亘蹖 讴賴 亘丕 賲乇诏 丌睾丕夭 賵鈥� 亘丕 賲乇诏 亘賴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賲蹖倬匕蹖乇丿 賵 賴賲趩賵賳 禺賵賳 乇蹖禺鬲賴 亘乇 夭賲蹖賳 丿乇丿賳丕讴 丕爻鬲 ...
November 2, 2018
What a tale of jihad and lust during a civil war. If that appears reductive, there is a touch more shadow and verse at play in this gripping and frenetic novel of Shanghai in 1927.
Equally dogmatic and dour, Man's Fate is episodic in terms of narrative and ensemble. There is gore and grief and considerable historical certainty at what the Future holds----even as the vanquished are tortured and often burned alive. Elements are included of miscegenation and misogyny. These simply enhance the noir. There's plenty of silence, muttering and plaintive smoking. There's a suicide bomber and a confidence man straight out of Melville.
Equally dogmatic and dour, Man's Fate is episodic in terms of narrative and ensemble. There is gore and grief and considerable historical certainty at what the Future holds----even as the vanquished are tortured and often burned alive. Elements are included of miscegenation and misogyny. These simply enhance the noir. There's plenty of silence, muttering and plaintive smoking. There's a suicide bomber and a confidence man straight out of Melville.
April 12, 2022
"Pe drumul dezn膬dejdii, draga mea, te 卯nt芒lne葯ti cu via葲a..."
Dac膬 dup膬 publicarea Condi葲iei umane unii critici proclamasera moartea literar膬 a lui Andre Malraux, secolul XX a demonstrat c膬 nu e deloc a葯a. Agonia lui Carlos, destructurarea RAF-ului din RFG sau a Brig膬zilor Ro葯ii din Italia, printre altele, au dus la dispari葲ia oric膬ror forme de extremism politic. Poate c膬 葯i consumul de mas膬 al drogurilor a dus la o "izolare" de contextul social 葯i la o abandonare a civismului. Dup膬 momentul '68 studen葲ii de la Sorbona s-au restras de pe str膬zi 葯i s-au afundat 卯n spiritism. :)
"-Mul葲i generali 卯l vor p膬r膬si pe Jiang dac膬 卯葯i vor da seama c膬 risc膬 s膬 fie asasina葲i, spuse Pei. Numai noi lupt膬m pentru un crez.
-Da, spuse Suen, se confec葲ioneaz膬 terori葯ti buni, din fiii celor care au murit tortura葲i.
Am芒ndoi erau copiii unor oameni care muriser膬 a葯a."
Dac膬 dup膬 publicarea Condi葲iei umane unii critici proclamasera moartea literar膬 a lui Andre Malraux, secolul XX a demonstrat c膬 nu e deloc a葯a. Agonia lui Carlos, destructurarea RAF-ului din RFG sau a Brig膬zilor Ro葯ii din Italia, printre altele, au dus la dispari葲ia oric膬ror forme de extremism politic. Poate c膬 葯i consumul de mas膬 al drogurilor a dus la o "izolare" de contextul social 葯i la o abandonare a civismului. Dup膬 momentul '68 studen葲ii de la Sorbona s-au restras de pe str膬zi 葯i s-au afundat 卯n spiritism. :)
"-Mul葲i generali 卯l vor p膬r膬si pe Jiang dac膬 卯葯i vor da seama c膬 risc膬 s膬 fie asasina葲i, spuse Pei. Numai noi lupt膬m pentru un crez.
-Da, spuse Suen, se confec葲ioneaz膬 terori葯ti buni, din fiii celor care au murit tortura葲i.
Am芒ndoi erau copiii unor oameni care muriser膬 a葯a."
April 16, 2019
鈥淟a condici贸n humana es una obra maestra, digna de ser citada junto a las que escribieron Joyce, Proust, Faulkner, Thomas Mann o Kafka, como una de las m谩s fulgurantes creaciones de nuestra 茅poca鈥�.
Mario Vargas Llosa.
En los tiempos actuales y dados los avances de la ciencia uno espera vivir 75 a帽os, poco m谩s o menos. Sin embargo el reto estriba en c贸mo se ocupen esos a帽os, d铆a a d铆a. Dif铆cil es colmarlos a satisfacci贸n ya que muchas veces se nos acumulan horas, meses y hasta 茅pocas de aburrici贸n, de hast铆o o de frustraci贸n. Andr茅 Malraux (1901-1976) cumpli贸 su cuota de a帽os con donaire y plenitud; su vida fue una especie de interminable r谩faga de experiencias interesantes y estimulantes. Podr铆amos decir que este escritor, aventurero y pol铆tico franc茅s no tuvo un segundo de aburrici贸n.
Andr茅 Malraux es uno de esos escritores de los que no se sabe bien a bien qu茅 es lo que nos cautiva m谩s: si su estupenda obra literaria o su vida llena de lances desmesurados. En este escritor Franc茅s se dio con intensidad esa rar铆sima alianza entre pensamiento y acci贸n, pues quien particip贸 con tanto br铆o en las grandes haza帽as y desgracias de su tiempo, era un ser dotado de lucidez y vigor creativo fuera de lo com煤n. En suma, tuvo una existencia plena de voluntad, fecundidad y dramatismo, tal y como las aventuras que fragu贸 en sus novelas.
Sin duda Malraux fue un escritor y pensador de gran talento, reconocido por la cr铆tica y por alg煤n sector del p煤blico. Ganador de numerosos premios y reconocimientos como el prestigiado premio Goncourt en 1933, precisamente por La condici贸n humana. Adem谩s de su creaci贸n literaria, su vida estuvo constituida por muchos ingredientes m谩s, como lo fueron sus m煤ltiples aventuras, sus eventuales trapacer铆as o algunas acciones que rayaron en lo 茅pico. Mencionamos s贸lo dos de ellas en las que particip贸 de manera espont谩nea pero con ardiente convicci贸n: La Revoluci贸n China y la Guerra Civil Espa帽ola. De la primera gran aventura surgi贸 esta novela y de la segunda experiencia construy贸 otra larga narraci贸n titulada La Esperanza. S贸lo como un dato adicional, tambi茅n se dio tiempo para ser ministro del Interior y de Cultura con Charles de Gaulle. El gran Malraux, siendo autodidacta, era un pozo de inteligencia, erudici贸n y cultura. Casi un ser perteneciente a la mitolog铆a del siglo XX.
Debido a sus experiencias revolucionarias Malraux pudo ver de cerca y tomar conciencia de las crueldades que se comet铆an en las colonias europeas de Asia, recogi贸 de primera mano la discriminaci贸n hacia los habitantes originarios, vivi贸 en carne propia la marcada inequidad social, as铆 como los abusos de los pa铆ses imperialistas hacia una poblaci贸n inerme. Estas experiencias llevaron a Andr茅 Malraux a tener un pensamiento o una posici贸n de izquierda, la cual refleja en sus obras.
A pesar de su raigambre literario hay quien lo ha juzgado como un escritor sobrevalorado, como un mediocre novelista y un ensayista jactancioso, inclusive se le ha tachado de charlat谩n. Tal vez se deba en parte a su exuberante prosa llena de luces y artificios, de giros y de verbo dilatado. No lo s茅 a ciencia cierta.
China hoy es una de las primeras potencias del mundo, lo cual llev贸 un largo, penoso y admirable proceso que habr铆a que estudiar. Acotando un poco ese proceso, podemos decir que en 1927, a帽o en el que se desarrolla la novela, China era un pa铆s lleno de miseria, de hambre, un pa铆s desmembrado, carente de un gobierno firme; un pa铆s dominado, de alguna manera, por potencias capitalistas extranjeras. Era un pa铆s fragmentado en donde hab铆a marcados cotos de poder inamovibles hasta entonces ya que los aut贸cratas militares, una especie de se帽ores feudales o caciques regionales, se repart铆an el pa铆s a su antojo.
En ese a帽o de 1927 tanto el Partido Revolucionario (Kuomintang) como el Partido Comunista, adem谩s de tratar de imponer su ideolog铆a y su pol铆tica, intentan unificar China combatiendo en primera instancia a los 鈥渟e帽ores de la guerra鈥� (los caciques regionales).
El Kuomintang bajo el mando de Chang Kai-Chek resulta ser el partido que toma el poder hasta 1949, a帽o en que Mao Tse-Tung consolida el comunismo y toma el gobierno. Pero en ese a帽o de 1927 tambi茅n hab铆a otro factor que inclinaba la balanza hacia uno u otro lado: la intervenci贸n de las potencias europeas que de hecho ten铆an 鈥渃oncesiones鈥� en el pa铆s chino y una gran influencia econ贸mica y a las que no les conven铆a que el comunismo rigiera en esa inmensa naci贸n asi谩tica.
Esta novela fue publicada en 1933, y detalla los hechos ocurridos en China entre Marzo y Abril de 1927, espec铆ficamente narra los movimientos subversivos de los comunistas en la populosa Shangh谩i, una ciudad ahogada por el penetrante olor del di茅sel que impregna el aire, llena de alambradas que dividen la ciudad, saturada de un denso humo que expelen las f谩bricas, configurada por calles enfangadas y sucias en donde el hambre, el hacinamiento y la crueldad coexisten con la fraternidad, el sacrificio y el hero铆smo de algunos personajes. Es as铆 como el escritor franc茅s construye la trama de la novela. Es aqu铆 donde se dibuja el dram谩tico campo de batalla en el cual los protagonistas luchan denodadamente por sus ideales de equidad, de impartici贸n de justicia, de la consecuci贸n de una vida menos penosa para los miserables y para los explotados rurales e industriales. Todo esto fundado en sus ideales y en su doctrina comunista.
La novela combina la introspecci贸n, la aventura, el amor, la acci贸n, las ideolog铆as, todo ello permeado por una carga filos贸fica importante. Se encuentra muy bien ambientada, Malraux, con conocimiento de causa, le sabe dar vida tanto a la ciudad como a los personajes multi茅tnicos ya que, entre sus m煤ltiples aventuras, 茅l hab铆a participado en 1925 en las huelgas revolucionarias de Cant贸n. Su estilo es breve, cortante, nunca dice nada de m谩s, pareciera que al contrario siempre un poco de menos y un halo po茅tico y profundo sobrevuela la narraci贸n.
Los personajes le otorgan una luz especial al relato, ya que adem谩s de la maestr铆a y diversidad con la que est谩n dise帽ados, al final cada uno de ellos nos habla de las decisiones capitales que toma cada uno de cara a situaciones cr铆ticas que enfrentan sus convicciones. Cada uno de ellos busca la manera de escapar a la condici贸n humana, de ser m谩s que un hombre en un mundo de hombres. Cada uno de ellos explora c贸mo llegar a ese lugar donde se deja de lado la condici贸n humana, ya sea a trav茅s del opio, del asesinato, de la muerte, de la revoluci贸n, de la locura o del amor.
Chen, es uno de los principales insurrectos, guerrillero an谩rquico y terrorista; dispuesto a dar su vida por aliviar el dolor de su gente, por la masa inmensa de miserables y muertos de hambre que la sociedad ha engendrado por siglos y que pueblan la gran China. Chen, quien protagoniza la primera y estrujante escena, pasa por un proceso de ser un simple militante hasta llegar a convertirse en un convencido terrorista. Busca la muerte como un medio de liberaci贸n a su angustia existencial.
Kyo es el l铆der de los militantes y encabeza la revuelta comunista, funge como enlace con el Comit茅 Central; es el comunista disciplinado y coherente, apegado a las grandes decisiones de la causa. Aqu铆 Malraux se permite evocar la figura de Chou En-lai (enviado de Mao) y encarnarla en el car谩cter de Kyo. Kyo junto a otros dos personajes secundarios nos llevan a un trance dram谩tico y ag贸nico hacia el final de la novela.
Katow, es un ex combatiente comunista ruso, convencido y hasta enamorado de la causa que ha ido a colaborar a Shangh谩i. No teme arriesgar la vida en cualquier combate.
Gisors, padre de Kyo, es un hombre reflexivo y maduro; un humanista que sumido en el opio busca soluciones a todo. Un aura de sabidur铆a parece envolver a este convencido marxista.
El bar贸n de Clappique es un arist贸crata franc茅s corrompido y vividor que ahora se gana la vida en la Shangh谩i ocupada. Es una persona locuaz hasta el absurdo. Simboliza un poco la libertad y el humor en un mundo en donde se vive una opresi贸n y un terror proverbiales.
Ferral, es un influyente diplom谩tico y capitalista poderoso de occidente que representa los intereses de las potencias europeas y siempre est谩 interesado en la parte econ贸mica, es fr铆volo e inhumano.
Hemmerlich, representa otra visi贸n, la de un Europeo rudo (es Belga) que ha tenido una vida muy dif铆cil pero que batalla con la causa.
May, es la esposa y compa帽era solidaria de luchas de Kyo. Es entregada y honesta.
Vologuin, el directivo dela Internacional que transmite las 贸rdenes a Kyo.
La vibrante y luminosa prosa de Andr茅 Malraux nos habla, pues, de que la vida est谩 conformada no solo de raz贸n y valores; tambi茅n de sinraz贸n, instinto y pasiones individuales que contradicen a aqu茅llos y pueden destruirlos. Nos habla de c贸mo enfrenta cada persona las decisiones vitales, bajo condiciones extremas de acuerdo a sus ideales y a esos instintos y pasiones. Nos habla de c贸mo confronta cada ser humano su sufrimiento y su destino.
Espec铆ficamente nos habla de las decisiones que tomaron los personajes Kyo, Chen y Katow para que 400 millones de ciudadanos chinos se dieran cuenta que su sufrimiento se deb铆a a otros hombres y no a sus vidas anteriores. Esos 400 millones de personas de la milenaria China despertaron sobresaltados de un sue帽o de 30 siglos y ya no volver铆an a dormir.
Mario Vargas Llosa.
En los tiempos actuales y dados los avances de la ciencia uno espera vivir 75 a帽os, poco m谩s o menos. Sin embargo el reto estriba en c贸mo se ocupen esos a帽os, d铆a a d铆a. Dif铆cil es colmarlos a satisfacci贸n ya que muchas veces se nos acumulan horas, meses y hasta 茅pocas de aburrici贸n, de hast铆o o de frustraci贸n. Andr茅 Malraux (1901-1976) cumpli贸 su cuota de a帽os con donaire y plenitud; su vida fue una especie de interminable r谩faga de experiencias interesantes y estimulantes. Podr铆amos decir que este escritor, aventurero y pol铆tico franc茅s no tuvo un segundo de aburrici贸n.
Andr茅 Malraux es uno de esos escritores de los que no se sabe bien a bien qu茅 es lo que nos cautiva m谩s: si su estupenda obra literaria o su vida llena de lances desmesurados. En este escritor Franc茅s se dio con intensidad esa rar铆sima alianza entre pensamiento y acci贸n, pues quien particip贸 con tanto br铆o en las grandes haza帽as y desgracias de su tiempo, era un ser dotado de lucidez y vigor creativo fuera de lo com煤n. En suma, tuvo una existencia plena de voluntad, fecundidad y dramatismo, tal y como las aventuras que fragu贸 en sus novelas.
Sin duda Malraux fue un escritor y pensador de gran talento, reconocido por la cr铆tica y por alg煤n sector del p煤blico. Ganador de numerosos premios y reconocimientos como el prestigiado premio Goncourt en 1933, precisamente por La condici贸n humana. Adem谩s de su creaci贸n literaria, su vida estuvo constituida por muchos ingredientes m谩s, como lo fueron sus m煤ltiples aventuras, sus eventuales trapacer铆as o algunas acciones que rayaron en lo 茅pico. Mencionamos s贸lo dos de ellas en las que particip贸 de manera espont谩nea pero con ardiente convicci贸n: La Revoluci贸n China y la Guerra Civil Espa帽ola. De la primera gran aventura surgi贸 esta novela y de la segunda experiencia construy贸 otra larga narraci贸n titulada La Esperanza. S贸lo como un dato adicional, tambi茅n se dio tiempo para ser ministro del Interior y de Cultura con Charles de Gaulle. El gran Malraux, siendo autodidacta, era un pozo de inteligencia, erudici贸n y cultura. Casi un ser perteneciente a la mitolog铆a del siglo XX.
Debido a sus experiencias revolucionarias Malraux pudo ver de cerca y tomar conciencia de las crueldades que se comet铆an en las colonias europeas de Asia, recogi贸 de primera mano la discriminaci贸n hacia los habitantes originarios, vivi贸 en carne propia la marcada inequidad social, as铆 como los abusos de los pa铆ses imperialistas hacia una poblaci贸n inerme. Estas experiencias llevaron a Andr茅 Malraux a tener un pensamiento o una posici贸n de izquierda, la cual refleja en sus obras.
A pesar de su raigambre literario hay quien lo ha juzgado como un escritor sobrevalorado, como un mediocre novelista y un ensayista jactancioso, inclusive se le ha tachado de charlat谩n. Tal vez se deba en parte a su exuberante prosa llena de luces y artificios, de giros y de verbo dilatado. No lo s茅 a ciencia cierta.
China hoy es una de las primeras potencias del mundo, lo cual llev贸 un largo, penoso y admirable proceso que habr铆a que estudiar. Acotando un poco ese proceso, podemos decir que en 1927, a帽o en el que se desarrolla la novela, China era un pa铆s lleno de miseria, de hambre, un pa铆s desmembrado, carente de un gobierno firme; un pa铆s dominado, de alguna manera, por potencias capitalistas extranjeras. Era un pa铆s fragmentado en donde hab铆a marcados cotos de poder inamovibles hasta entonces ya que los aut贸cratas militares, una especie de se帽ores feudales o caciques regionales, se repart铆an el pa铆s a su antojo.
En ese a帽o de 1927 tanto el Partido Revolucionario (Kuomintang) como el Partido Comunista, adem谩s de tratar de imponer su ideolog铆a y su pol铆tica, intentan unificar China combatiendo en primera instancia a los 鈥渟e帽ores de la guerra鈥� (los caciques regionales).
El Kuomintang bajo el mando de Chang Kai-Chek resulta ser el partido que toma el poder hasta 1949, a帽o en que Mao Tse-Tung consolida el comunismo y toma el gobierno. Pero en ese a帽o de 1927 tambi茅n hab铆a otro factor que inclinaba la balanza hacia uno u otro lado: la intervenci贸n de las potencias europeas que de hecho ten铆an 鈥渃oncesiones鈥� en el pa铆s chino y una gran influencia econ贸mica y a las que no les conven铆a que el comunismo rigiera en esa inmensa naci贸n asi谩tica.
Esta novela fue publicada en 1933, y detalla los hechos ocurridos en China entre Marzo y Abril de 1927, espec铆ficamente narra los movimientos subversivos de los comunistas en la populosa Shangh谩i, una ciudad ahogada por el penetrante olor del di茅sel que impregna el aire, llena de alambradas que dividen la ciudad, saturada de un denso humo que expelen las f谩bricas, configurada por calles enfangadas y sucias en donde el hambre, el hacinamiento y la crueldad coexisten con la fraternidad, el sacrificio y el hero铆smo de algunos personajes. Es as铆 como el escritor franc茅s construye la trama de la novela. Es aqu铆 donde se dibuja el dram谩tico campo de batalla en el cual los protagonistas luchan denodadamente por sus ideales de equidad, de impartici贸n de justicia, de la consecuci贸n de una vida menos penosa para los miserables y para los explotados rurales e industriales. Todo esto fundado en sus ideales y en su doctrina comunista.
La novela combina la introspecci贸n, la aventura, el amor, la acci贸n, las ideolog铆as, todo ello permeado por una carga filos贸fica importante. Se encuentra muy bien ambientada, Malraux, con conocimiento de causa, le sabe dar vida tanto a la ciudad como a los personajes multi茅tnicos ya que, entre sus m煤ltiples aventuras, 茅l hab铆a participado en 1925 en las huelgas revolucionarias de Cant贸n. Su estilo es breve, cortante, nunca dice nada de m谩s, pareciera que al contrario siempre un poco de menos y un halo po茅tico y profundo sobrevuela la narraci贸n.
Los personajes le otorgan una luz especial al relato, ya que adem谩s de la maestr铆a y diversidad con la que est谩n dise帽ados, al final cada uno de ellos nos habla de las decisiones capitales que toma cada uno de cara a situaciones cr铆ticas que enfrentan sus convicciones. Cada uno de ellos busca la manera de escapar a la condici贸n humana, de ser m谩s que un hombre en un mundo de hombres. Cada uno de ellos explora c贸mo llegar a ese lugar donde se deja de lado la condici贸n humana, ya sea a trav茅s del opio, del asesinato, de la muerte, de la revoluci贸n, de la locura o del amor.
Chen, es uno de los principales insurrectos, guerrillero an谩rquico y terrorista; dispuesto a dar su vida por aliviar el dolor de su gente, por la masa inmensa de miserables y muertos de hambre que la sociedad ha engendrado por siglos y que pueblan la gran China. Chen, quien protagoniza la primera y estrujante escena, pasa por un proceso de ser un simple militante hasta llegar a convertirse en un convencido terrorista. Busca la muerte como un medio de liberaci贸n a su angustia existencial.
Kyo es el l铆der de los militantes y encabeza la revuelta comunista, funge como enlace con el Comit茅 Central; es el comunista disciplinado y coherente, apegado a las grandes decisiones de la causa. Aqu铆 Malraux se permite evocar la figura de Chou En-lai (enviado de Mao) y encarnarla en el car谩cter de Kyo. Kyo junto a otros dos personajes secundarios nos llevan a un trance dram谩tico y ag贸nico hacia el final de la novela.
Katow, es un ex combatiente comunista ruso, convencido y hasta enamorado de la causa que ha ido a colaborar a Shangh谩i. No teme arriesgar la vida en cualquier combate.
Gisors, padre de Kyo, es un hombre reflexivo y maduro; un humanista que sumido en el opio busca soluciones a todo. Un aura de sabidur铆a parece envolver a este convencido marxista.
El bar贸n de Clappique es un arist贸crata franc茅s corrompido y vividor que ahora se gana la vida en la Shangh谩i ocupada. Es una persona locuaz hasta el absurdo. Simboliza un poco la libertad y el humor en un mundo en donde se vive una opresi贸n y un terror proverbiales.
Ferral, es un influyente diplom谩tico y capitalista poderoso de occidente que representa los intereses de las potencias europeas y siempre est谩 interesado en la parte econ贸mica, es fr铆volo e inhumano.
Hemmerlich, representa otra visi贸n, la de un Europeo rudo (es Belga) que ha tenido una vida muy dif铆cil pero que batalla con la causa.
May, es la esposa y compa帽era solidaria de luchas de Kyo. Es entregada y honesta.
Vologuin, el directivo dela Internacional que transmite las 贸rdenes a Kyo.
La vibrante y luminosa prosa de Andr茅 Malraux nos habla, pues, de que la vida est谩 conformada no solo de raz贸n y valores; tambi茅n de sinraz贸n, instinto y pasiones individuales que contradicen a aqu茅llos y pueden destruirlos. Nos habla de c贸mo enfrenta cada persona las decisiones vitales, bajo condiciones extremas de acuerdo a sus ideales y a esos instintos y pasiones. Nos habla de c贸mo confronta cada ser humano su sufrimiento y su destino.
Espec铆ficamente nos habla de las decisiones que tomaron los personajes Kyo, Chen y Katow para que 400 millones de ciudadanos chinos se dieran cuenta que su sufrimiento se deb铆a a otros hombres y no a sus vidas anteriores. Esos 400 millones de personas de la milenaria China despertaron sobresaltados de un sue帽o de 30 siglos y ya no volver铆an a dormir.
February 6, 2020
螝维胃蔚 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 苇谓伪蟼 蟿蟻蔚位蠈蟼, 渭伪 蟿喂 维位位慰 蔚委谓伪喂 苇谓伪 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰 蟺蔚蟺蟻蠅渭苇谓慰, 伪谓 蠈蠂喂 渭喂伪 味蠅萎 蠈位慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蟺维胃蔚喂蔚蟼 蠋蟽蟿蔚 伪蠀蟿蠈蟼 慰 蟿蟻蔚位蠈蟼 谓伪 蟽渭委尉蔚喂 渭蔚 蟿慰 蟽蠉渭蟺伪谓
螣 螠伪位蟻慰 伪谓伪味畏蟿维 蟿伪 蟽蠉渭尾慰位伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺维谓蔚 蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 蟺伪蟻伪魏维蟿蠅. 围蠅蟻委蟼 蟺伪蟻蠅蟺喂未蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蠂蠅蟻委蟼 伪谓伪蟽蟿慰位苇蟼. 螝伪渭尾维蟼 蟿慰蠀 畏 伪蟺苇蟻伪谓蟿畏 螝委谓伪 魏伪喂 畏 伪蟽苇位纬蔚喂伪 蟿慰蠀 魏维胃蔚 喂未蔚慰位慰纬萎渭伪蟿慰蟼 蟽蟿慰 魏慰蟻渭委 蟿畏蟼. 危蠀纬魏位慰谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 魏伪喂 未喂伪蠂蟻慰谓喂魏蠈
螣 螠伪位蟻慰 伪谓伪味畏蟿维 蟿伪 蟽蠉渭尾慰位伪 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟺维谓蔚 蟿慰谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰 蟺伪蟻伪魏维蟿蠅. 围蠅蟻委蟼 蟺伪蟻蠅蟺喂未蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蠂蠅蟻委蟼 伪谓伪蟽蟿慰位苇蟼. 螝伪渭尾维蟼 蟿慰蠀 畏 伪蟺苇蟻伪谓蟿畏 螝委谓伪 魏伪喂 畏 伪蟽苇位纬蔚喂伪 蟿慰蠀 魏维胃蔚 喂未蔚慰位慰纬萎渭伪蟿慰蟼 蟽蟿慰 魏慰蟻渭委 蟿畏蟼. 危蠀纬魏位慰谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 魏伪喂 未喂伪蠂蟻慰谓喂魏蠈
February 27, 2017
H Le Monde 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻喂苇位伪尾蔚 蟿畏谓 鈥樜懳轿赶佅幭€喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪鈥� (La Condition Humaine) 蟽蟿伪 100 尾喂尾位委伪 蟿慰蠀 螒喂蠋谓伪鈭� 魏喂 慰喂 蟺喂慰 蟽蟺慰蠀未伪委慰喂 魏伪喂 蔚蟺喂蠁伪谓蔚委蟼 尾喂尾位喂慰魏蟻喂蟿喂魏慰委 蟽蠀渭蠁蠋谓畏蟽伪谓 未喂伪尾维味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟿慰 蟿喂渭畏渭苇谓慰 渭蔚 蟿慰 尾蟻伪尾蔚委慰 螕魏慰谓魏慰蠉蟻 尾喂尾位委慰 蟿慰蠀 螒谓蟿蟻苇 螠伪位蟻蠋 蠈蟿喂 蟿慰 未委蠂蠅蟼 维位位慰 蟺蟻蠈魏蔚喂蟿伪喂 纬喂伪 伪蟻喂蟽蟿慰蠉蟻纬畏渭伪, 纬喂伪 苇谓伪 苇蟻纬慰 蔚渭尾位畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠈. 螤伪蟻鈥� 蠈位伪 伪蠀蟿维, 伪蠁慰蟻渭萎 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟿慰 伪谓伪味畏蟿萎蟽蠅 蟽萎渭蔚蟻伪 (蟽蟿畏谓 蔚尉伪谓蟿位畏渭苇谓畏 苇魏未慰蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 1963, 渭蟿蠁蟻.: 螕喂维谓谓畏蟼 螞维渭蠄伪蟼, 螣喂 螘魏未蠈蟽蔚喂蟼 蟿蠅谓 桅委位蠅谓) 萎蟿伪谓 慰喂 蟺慰位位苇蟼 魏伪喂 渭维位位慰谓 蔚谓胃慰蠀蟽喂蠋未蔚喂蟼 伪谓伪蠁慰蟻苇蟼 蟽蟿畏谓 鈥樜懳轿赶佅幭€喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪鈥� 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀蟼 萎蟻蠅苇蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪蟺蠈 苇谓伪谓 慰渭蠈蟿蔚蠂谓慰 蟿慰蠀 螠伪位蟻蠋, 蟽蠉纬蠂蟻慰谓蠈 渭伪蟼 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪, 蟿慰谓 Stephane Osmont 蟽蟿伪 鈥樜懳轿滴疚晃滴澄合勎� 蟽蟿慰喂蠂蔚委伪鈥� 蟿慰蠀 (渭蟿蠁蟻.: 螒蟻喂维未谓畏 螠慰蟽蠂慰谓维, 2016, 螘魏未蠈蟽蔚喂蟼 螤蠈位喂蟼).
螒魏慰位慰蠀胃慰蠉谓 蔚位维蠂喂蟽蟿蔚蟼, 蟺位畏谓 慰蠀蟽喂蠋未蔚喂蟼, 伪谓伪蠁慰蟻苇蟼 蟽蟿慰 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏蠈 鈥� 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏蠈 蟺位伪委蟽喂慰 蔚谓蟿蠈蟼 蟿慰蠀 慰蟺慰委慰蠀 未喂伪未蟻伪渭伪蟿委味慰谓蟿伪喂 蠈蟽伪 伪蠁畏纬蔚委蟿伪喂 慰 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼. 危蟿伪 1927 慰 韦蟽喂维谓纬魏 螝维喂 鈥� 危蔚魏, 畏纬苇蟿畏蟼 蟿蠅谓 蔚胃谓喂魏喂蟽蟿蠋谓 蟿畏蟼 螝委谓伪蟼 魏伪喂 渭蔚蟿苇蟺蔚喂蟿伪 螤蟻蠈蔚未蟻慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 蠂蠋蟻伪蟼 苇蠅蟼 蟿慰 1948, 未蔚委蠂谓蔚喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰蟼 谓伪 魏伪蟿伪位维尾蔚喂 蟿畏 危伪谓纬魏维畏. 螣喂 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼 萎蟻蠅蔚蟼 蟿畏蟼 鈥樜懳轿赶佅幭€喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼鈥�, 伪纬谓慰蠋谓蟿伪蟼 蟿喂蟼 慰未畏纬委蔚蟼 (尾位. 蔚蟺委蟽畏渭畏 纬蟻伪渭渭萎) 蟿慰蠀 魏蠈渭渭伪蟿慰蟼, 伪蟺慰蠁伪蟽委味慰蠀谓 谓伪 伪谓蟿喂蟺伪蟻伪蟿蔚胃慰蠉谓 蟽蟿慰谓 蔚胃谓喂魏喂蟽蟿萎 畏纬苇蟿畏 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀蟼 慰蟺位喂蟽渭苇谓慰蠀蟼 蔚蠀蟻蠅蟺伪蠆魏维 伪蟽蟿慰蠉蟼 蟽蟿蟻伪蟿喂蠋蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀. 螛苇位慰谓蟿伪蟼 谓伪 尉蔚蠁蠉纬慰蠀谓 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪喂 谓伪 蠀蟺蔚蟻伪蟽蟺喂蟽蟿慰蠉谓 蟿喂蟼 喂未苇蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 伪尉委蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀 伪胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓慰蠀 尾委慰蠀 蔚委谓伪喂 苇蟿慰喂渭慰喂 谓伪 胃蠀蟽喂伪蟽蟿慰蠉谓. 螚 蔚尉苇纬蔚蟻蟽畏 谓慰渭慰蟿蔚位蔚喂伪魏维 魏伪蟿伪蟺谓委纬蔚蟿伪喂, 慰喂 萎蟻蠅蔚蟼 胃蠀蟽喂维味慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 慰喂 伪蟻喂蟽蟿蔚蟻慰委 伪纬蟻蠈蟿蔚蟼 蟽蠁伪纬喂维味慰谓蟿伪喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿喂蟼 蠀蟺苇蟻蟿蔚蟻蔚蟼 未蠀谓维渭蔚喂蟼 蟿慰蠀 韦蟽喂伪谓纬魏 螝维喂 鈥� 危苇魏.
螆谓伪蟼 伪蟺蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 萎蟻蠅蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀, 慰 鈥樝勏佄课嘉课合佄勎废傗€� 韦蟽蔚谓, 蟽蠀位位慰纬维蟿伪喂 蔚位蔚蠉胃蔚蟻伪, 蟽蠀位位慰纬维蟿伪喂, 未畏位伪未萎, 蠅蟻伪委伪: 芦螖蔚谓 胃苇位蠅 谓伪 蠁蟿喂维尉蠅 蟿畏谓 螝委谓伪... 螛苇位蠅 谓伪 蠁蟿喂维尉蠅 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀蟼 渭慰蠀, 渭鈥� 伪蠀蟿萎谓 萎 蠂蠅蟻委蟼 伪蠀蟿萎谓. 韦慰蠀蟼 蠁蟿蠅蠂慰蠉蟼. 螕喂伪 魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼 未苇蠂慰渭伪喂 谓伪 蟺蔚胃维谓蠅 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟽魏慰蟿蠋蟽蠅, 渭蠈谓慰 纬喂伪 魏蔚委谓慰蠀蟼禄. 螘委谓伪喂 蟿伪 位蠈纬喂伪 伪蠀蟿维 慰未畏纬蠈蟼 魏伪喂 蟺伪蟻伪魏伪蟿伪胃萎魏畏 蟽蟿慰蠀蟼 伪纬蠋谓蔚蟼 魏维胃蔚 蔚尉蔚纬蔚蟻渭苇谓慰蠀, 魏维胃蔚 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀 蟺慰蠀 伪蟺慰蠁伪蟽委味蔚喂 谓伪 蠂蔚喂蟻伪蠁蔚蟿畏胃蔚委 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪 蟿慰蠀. 螝维胃蔚 蟽蠉纬蠂蟻慰谓慰蠀 韦蟽蔚谓 蟺慰蠀 伪蟺慰蠁伪蟽委味蔚喂 谓伪 纬委谓蔚喂 蟽蟿维蠂蟿畏 蟽伪谓 蟿慰谓 螝蔚蟻苇渭, 蔚位蟺委味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟺蠅蟼 伪谓 魏伪蔚委 (魏喂) 伪蠀蟿蠈蟼 胃伪 纬委谓慰蠀谓 蔚蟺喂蟿苇位慰蠀蟼 蟿伪 蟽魏慰蟿维未喂伪 位维渭蠄畏...
螤慰喂慰蟼 蔚委渭伪喂 蔚纬蠋 纬喂伪 谓伪 未喂伪蠁蠅谓萎蟽蠅 渭蔚 蟿畏 Le Monde; 5 蟿慰谓慰蠉渭蔚谓慰!
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
January 19, 2023
Sorry to slaughter another sacred cow. This is an historically interesting document, but as a novel not quite convincing. Especially from a literary point of view the characters are very artificial. The philosophical background is drowned in an unrealistic word mash. I agree Andr茅 Malraux was a very interesting person, and in France he is still adored as a hero, but in the meanwhile he has been unmasked as a myth-maker. Apparently, this novel is proof of it. I read this in the original French, "La condition humaine". Rating 1.5 stars.
April 29, 2020
Ideais pol铆ticos, sofrimento, solid茫o, dignidade, morte.
Sob estes vectores Malraux faz agir e correr fluxos de consci锚ncia em pl煤rimas personagens colocadas num contexto de revolu莽茫o. Personagens densas, mesmo que de escassa presen莽a textual, imprevis铆veis.
Descreve com realismo (mas em contempla莽茫o fant谩stica) os cen谩rios e leva o leitor pela mir铆ade de acontecimentos, sucess茫o de eventos e evolu莽茫o dos seres para cada um dos seus destinos. Numa fic莽茫o que tudo incorpora dos requisitos essenciais da designada 芦literatura em sentido pr贸prio禄.
Sob estes vectores Malraux faz agir e correr fluxos de consci锚ncia em pl煤rimas personagens colocadas num contexto de revolu莽茫o. Personagens densas, mesmo que de escassa presen莽a textual, imprevis铆veis.
Descreve com realismo (mas em contempla莽茫o fant谩stica) os cen谩rios e leva o leitor pela mir铆ade de acontecimentos, sucess茫o de eventos e evolu莽茫o dos seres para cada um dos seus destinos. Numa fic莽茫o que tudo incorpora dos requisitos essenciais da designada 芦literatura em sentido pr贸prio禄.
October 15, 2019
When I think of the life of Andr茅 Malraux, with him being a member of the French Resistance, a radical journalist in Saigon around the time of national revolt, and leader of an air squadron in the Spanish Civil War, I can only conclude that much bloodshed and terror would have crossed his path. So it doesn't suprise what he chose to write about in Man's Fate. The novel, set in revolutionary China, and which won the 1933 Goncourt Prize, was every bit as alarming and tough going as I thought it would be. The story begins with an act of murder carried out a Chinese terrorist for the Revolution just before an insurrection in Shanghai. China at the time was half Europeanized, half Buddhist, and torn by internal disagreement. The major characters are two brothers, with others coming and going both military and politically. There is suicide, deadly battles, and a great sense of grief for all. This is a powerful novel, that is rich in depth in terms of it's characters, and Malraux shows that in such times of conflict there are never any real winners.
July 21, 2007
A brilliant brilliant book that spoke to me of commitment, fidelity and belief, and the bond that are forged in shared struggles. These aspects are greatly magnified by placing the key characters on the losing side, thus hi-lighting the ever present moments in which choices have to be made, and responsibility taken once those decisions are enacted upon. This is all achieved without recourse to romantic, or heroic cliches, indeed there is a real warmth the emerges from the strong relations throughout the book...I think I'm going to read this again.
November 12, 2016
Man's Fate (La Condition humaine) might be a classic example of a book that's more talked about than read. Having now finished it, I think I know why.
Malraux had an appealing, Byronic, image. This somehow managed to survive late-life tenure as a Gaullist minister and pillar of the French establishment.
Man's Fate was not Malraux's first book, but it is probably the one that first made him famous to a wider literary public, winning the Prix Goncourt in 1933. In terms of plot, it's a fictionalized retelling of the April 12 Incident in Shanghai, in which a group of Communist insurgents attempted to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek and start a revolution. They failed and were ultimately brutally repressed, but the incident is traditionally regarded as the beginning of the Chinese Civil War, which would not be fully resolved until 1950.
That's the background. The novel centres on several characters of diverse nationalities and ethnicities, most of them Communists or fellow travelers. They plot, they have philosophical conversations, they take drugs and have sex. Although all of them have 'exotic' backstories and worldviews, none really has very much of a personality.
As a novel of ideas, it unquestionably has moments of brilliance. Perhaps the most famous line of the novel is a very solid attempt at the (now rather unfashionable) genre of philosophical aphorism: 'The dream of god is to become man but keep all his power. The dream of man is to become a god but keep his personality'.
As a political novel, it can be fascinating. However, it's inconsistent and lots of it is simply turgid. I'm afraid there is in fact a reason why more people read the novels of Camus than those of Malraux.
It's difficult to know how much of the blame lies with Haakon Chevalier as translator. Although now better known as a friend and confidant of Robert Oppenheimer, Chevalier was a respected scholar of French literature. His prose, however, as been criticized as dull and unidiomatic. Perhaps this is the reason why Malraux is not very widely read in the Anglosphere. I'm not really in a position to judge. However, I will say that this book was something of a chore to finish and felt much longer than its 350 pages.
Malraux had an appealing, Byronic, image. This somehow managed to survive late-life tenure as a Gaullist minister and pillar of the French establishment.
Man's Fate was not Malraux's first book, but it is probably the one that first made him famous to a wider literary public, winning the Prix Goncourt in 1933. In terms of plot, it's a fictionalized retelling of the April 12 Incident in Shanghai, in which a group of Communist insurgents attempted to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek and start a revolution. They failed and were ultimately brutally repressed, but the incident is traditionally regarded as the beginning of the Chinese Civil War, which would not be fully resolved until 1950.
That's the background. The novel centres on several characters of diverse nationalities and ethnicities, most of them Communists or fellow travelers. They plot, they have philosophical conversations, they take drugs and have sex. Although all of them have 'exotic' backstories and worldviews, none really has very much of a personality.
As a novel of ideas, it unquestionably has moments of brilliance. Perhaps the most famous line of the novel is a very solid attempt at the (now rather unfashionable) genre of philosophical aphorism: 'The dream of god is to become man but keep all his power. The dream of man is to become a god but keep his personality'.
As a political novel, it can be fascinating. However, it's inconsistent and lots of it is simply turgid. I'm afraid there is in fact a reason why more people read the novels of Camus than those of Malraux.
It's difficult to know how much of the blame lies with Haakon Chevalier as translator. Although now better known as a friend and confidant of Robert Oppenheimer, Chevalier was a respected scholar of French literature. His prose, however, as been criticized as dull and unidiomatic. Perhaps this is the reason why Malraux is not very widely read in the Anglosphere. I'm not really in a position to judge. However, I will say that this book was something of a chore to finish and felt much longer than its 350 pages.
September 8, 2017
Great book about the Chinese Civil War. It's not a chronicle, but a dramatisation of the few days surrounding a communist uprising against the regime and its foreign allies. The main characters are the party militants, led by Europeans, who have dedicated their lives to this violent ideology, and are determined to win or die trying. As is often the case, their lack of concern for their own wellbeing serves to justify their coldblooded mass calculations of the fate of others. It's a very well told story, with a violent opening that thrusts the reader right into the action, a gradual build-up to the battle, and as a finale the merciless crackdown that follows. A great introduction to pre-WWII China, which skilfully combines the overarching international agenda and world events with the personal actions of individuals struggling with their internal contradictions and fears. In certain circumstances, people are no longer free to carry on as normal, and must either take part in the violence or flee. Such perfect storms afflict mankind periodically, and this is an excellent study of one such disaster.
February 28, 2020
Memories of spurious, overdone dialogue and phony plot. Memories of a few brilliant passages in the mire too.
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Souvenir de dialogue surfait et d'intrigue 茅molliente. Souvenir de quelques fulgurances aussi.
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Souvenir de dialogue surfait et d'intrigue 茅molliente. Souvenir de quelques fulgurances aussi.
May 7, 2021
La metamorphose supr锚me
Comme un couteau qui coupe une miche de pain en deux (sans forc茅ment que les parties soient de la m锚me taille), la guerre fait de m锚me avec un pays. Les deux c么t茅s oppos茅s d茅fendent des id茅aux diff茅rents et sont anim茅s par des int茅r锚ts divers. Deux hommes face 脿 face pourraient bien 锚tre la m锚me image refl茅t茅e par un miroir, et pourtant chacun est le r茅sultat d'une s茅rie de croyances id茅ologiques qui les transforment en radicalement oppos茅s : bourreau et victime, selon le verre 脿 travers lequel on regarde. Et c'est cette dualit茅 qui ouvre le roman : une sc猫ne au cr茅puscule dans laquelle l'insurg茅 ne distingue pas bien sa victime et remplit n茅anmoins sa t芒che 脿 la lettre. Mais les deux hommes pourraient bien 锚tre d'un c么t茅 ou de l'autre, c'est-脿-dire que leurs r么les au combat sont 谤茅惫别谤蝉颈产濒别蝉. Cette unit茅 prend une importance capitale tout au long du roman, dans lequel la vraie condition humaine est remise en question. 脡crit avec un style narratif impeccable et profond, qui comprend des descriptions de la pi猫ce, du lit, de la moustiquaire et du corps de l'homme couch茅 (dont une seule jambe peut 锚tre vue), ainsi qu'un dialogue interne intense qui r茅v猫le les faiblesses et les forces du personnage face au meurtre qu'il s'appr锚te 脿 commettre, le d茅but devient une r茅v茅lation pour le lecteur. Loin des figures rh茅toriques d'ordre purement esth茅tique, l'茅criture devient un moyen d'exprimer des id茅es transcendantales qui compl猫tent enfin le sens du livre; ainsi, chez Malraux, la litt茅rature devient non seulement une d茅nonciation mais aussi une sorte de loi sacr茅e, une r猫gle immuable qui sert de fondement 脿 une doctrine. Pour en revenir 脿 la comparaison du pain et du couteau, au XIXe si猫cle la Chine 茅tait comme un g芒teau que les puissances europ茅ennes (et leurs int茅r锚ts commerciaux insatiables) essayaient de partager 脿 leur guise : toutes 脿 la recherche de leur bonne part. La voracit茅 et la rapacit茅, comme dans les tableaux de J茅r么me Bosch, sont de tendances particuli猫res, des vices insatiables qui parfois frisent le grotesque.
La Condition humaine est une r茅flexion profonde sur le m茅canisme de l'appartenance politique et une tentative de montrer quelques id茅es sur la grandeur humaine. On pourrait aussi dire qu鈥檌l s鈥檃git d鈥檜ne enqu锚te sur la dignit茅 et sur la mani猫re dont elle englobe les id茅aux. La fraternit茅 n'est pas qu'un concept, et elle est mise en pratique dans l'une des parties les plus tragiques et en m锚me temps les plus sublimes du roman : quand Katow remet sa part de cyanure 脿 deux camarades sacrifiant ainsi son propre suicide. Comme dans tous ses romans, la mort est pr茅sente 脿 tout moment. L鈥檌ntrigue se concentre sur trois semaines de combats acharn茅s entre mars et avril 1927 dans la ville de Shanghai. Le Parti communiste, fond茅 il y a quelques ann茅es 脿 peine, organise un soul猫vement contre le gouvernement exigeant des meilleures conditions de travail. Le Kuomintang, le parti nationaliste r茅gnant, s鈥檕ppose fermement 脿 ces r茅voltes et utilise toutes ses forces pour affronter l鈥檈nnemi. Tchen, Kyo et Katow, les personnages principaux de cet impressionnant roman sont des figures cl茅s du mouvement r茅volutionnaire ; tous trois portent une aura d鈥檌mmense dignit茅 qu鈥�Andr茅 Malraux d茅crit avec des lignes pleines d鈥檋onn锚tet茅 et de grandeur litt茅raire. Nous savons peu de choses sur leur physique, car l'essentiel est dans leur vision du monde et les r锚ves qu'ils poursuivent. Trois h茅ros qui, 脿 leur mort -et signalons que le fait que les h茅ros meurent mais pas la cause de libert茅 qu'ils poursuivent, est une grande m茅taphore qui r茅sume glorieusement le vrai sens du roman- atteignent la m茅tamorphose supr锚me chez ceux qui leur survivent et qui, 脿 leur tour, d茅fendront les m锚mes id茅aux.
Comme un couteau qui coupe une miche de pain en deux (sans forc茅ment que les parties soient de la m锚me taille), la guerre fait de m锚me avec un pays. Les deux c么t茅s oppos茅s d茅fendent des id茅aux diff茅rents et sont anim茅s par des int茅r锚ts divers. Deux hommes face 脿 face pourraient bien 锚tre la m锚me image refl茅t茅e par un miroir, et pourtant chacun est le r茅sultat d'une s茅rie de croyances id茅ologiques qui les transforment en radicalement oppos茅s : bourreau et victime, selon le verre 脿 travers lequel on regarde. Et c'est cette dualit茅 qui ouvre le roman : une sc猫ne au cr茅puscule dans laquelle l'insurg茅 ne distingue pas bien sa victime et remplit n茅anmoins sa t芒che 脿 la lettre. Mais les deux hommes pourraient bien 锚tre d'un c么t茅 ou de l'autre, c'est-脿-dire que leurs r么les au combat sont 谤茅惫别谤蝉颈产濒别蝉. Cette unit茅 prend une importance capitale tout au long du roman, dans lequel la vraie condition humaine est remise en question. 脡crit avec un style narratif impeccable et profond, qui comprend des descriptions de la pi猫ce, du lit, de la moustiquaire et du corps de l'homme couch茅 (dont une seule jambe peut 锚tre vue), ainsi qu'un dialogue interne intense qui r茅v猫le les faiblesses et les forces du personnage face au meurtre qu'il s'appr锚te 脿 commettre, le d茅but devient une r茅v茅lation pour le lecteur. Loin des figures rh茅toriques d'ordre purement esth茅tique, l'茅criture devient un moyen d'exprimer des id茅es transcendantales qui compl猫tent enfin le sens du livre; ainsi, chez Malraux, la litt茅rature devient non seulement une d茅nonciation mais aussi une sorte de loi sacr茅e, une r猫gle immuable qui sert de fondement 脿 une doctrine. Pour en revenir 脿 la comparaison du pain et du couteau, au XIXe si猫cle la Chine 茅tait comme un g芒teau que les puissances europ茅ennes (et leurs int茅r锚ts commerciaux insatiables) essayaient de partager 脿 leur guise : toutes 脿 la recherche de leur bonne part. La voracit茅 et la rapacit茅, comme dans les tableaux de J茅r么me Bosch, sont de tendances particuli猫res, des vices insatiables qui parfois frisent le grotesque.
La Condition humaine est une r茅flexion profonde sur le m茅canisme de l'appartenance politique et une tentative de montrer quelques id茅es sur la grandeur humaine. On pourrait aussi dire qu鈥檌l s鈥檃git d鈥檜ne enqu锚te sur la dignit茅 et sur la mani猫re dont elle englobe les id茅aux. La fraternit茅 n'est pas qu'un concept, et elle est mise en pratique dans l'une des parties les plus tragiques et en m锚me temps les plus sublimes du roman : quand Katow remet sa part de cyanure 脿 deux camarades sacrifiant ainsi son propre suicide. Comme dans tous ses romans, la mort est pr茅sente 脿 tout moment. L鈥檌ntrigue se concentre sur trois semaines de combats acharn茅s entre mars et avril 1927 dans la ville de Shanghai. Le Parti communiste, fond茅 il y a quelques ann茅es 脿 peine, organise un soul猫vement contre le gouvernement exigeant des meilleures conditions de travail. Le Kuomintang, le parti nationaliste r茅gnant, s鈥檕ppose fermement 脿 ces r茅voltes et utilise toutes ses forces pour affronter l鈥檈nnemi. Tchen, Kyo et Katow, les personnages principaux de cet impressionnant roman sont des figures cl茅s du mouvement r茅volutionnaire ; tous trois portent une aura d鈥檌mmense dignit茅 qu鈥�Andr茅 Malraux d茅crit avec des lignes pleines d鈥檋onn锚tet茅 et de grandeur litt茅raire. Nous savons peu de choses sur leur physique, car l'essentiel est dans leur vision du monde et les r锚ves qu'ils poursuivent. Trois h茅ros qui, 脿 leur mort -et signalons que le fait que les h茅ros meurent mais pas la cause de libert茅 qu'ils poursuivent, est une grande m茅taphore qui r茅sume glorieusement le vrai sens du roman- atteignent la m茅tamorphose supr锚me chez ceux qui leur survivent et qui, 脿 leur tour, d茅fendront les m锚mes id茅aux.
August 10, 2022
亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 讴賴 乇賮鬲 讴賳丕乇 亘乇丕丿乇丕賳 讴丕乇丕賲丕夭賵賮 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 丕夭 丕賵賳
趩賳丿鬲丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴賲 亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖禺賵丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵鈥� 亘禺賵賳賳 亘讴賳賲
賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賮丕賳鬲夭蹖 賵 鬲禺蹖賱蹖 賵 讴賲丿蹖 賳賲蹖鬲賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵蹖 讴鬲丕亘 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳蹖丿貙 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 卮丿鬲 噩丿蹖 賵 鬲丕乇蹖讴 賵 鬲賱禺 賵 賲乇丿賵賳賴 賴爻鬲卮. 倬乇 丕夭 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖貙 禺賵賳乇蹖夭蹖貙 鬲乇賵乇貙 賲乇诏 賵 丿乇 丕禺乇 丕丿賲 爻賵夭蹖 賴爻鬲卮. 鬲賳賴丕 氐丨賳賴 賴丕蹖蹖 賴賲 讴賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵卮 鬲氐賵蹖乇爻丕夭蹖 匕賴賳蹖 讴賳蹖丿 賴賲蹖賳 氐丨賳賴 賴丕 賴爻鬲卮.
賮丕乇睾 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丕夭蹖 賴丕蹖 爻蹖丕爻蹖 乇賵鈥� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 賳卮賵賳 賲蹖丿賴 禺蹖賱蹖 毓丕賱蹖 丿賳蹖丕蹖蹖 丿乇賵賳蹖 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕乇賵 賴賲 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴 噩賵乇蹖 讴賴 賲賳 亘賴 卮禺氐賴 鬲賵蹖 賴乇 卮禺氐蹖鬲蹖 蹖讴 亘毓丿 丕夭 禺賵丿賲 乇賵 賲蹖丿蹖丿賲
丿乇 丕禺乇 賴賲 賴賲賵賳噩賵乇蹖 讴賴 丕夭 丕爻賲 讴鬲丕亘 賲毓賱賵賲賴 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 丕氐賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賵 賲乇诏 賴爻鬲卮貙 亘卮乇蹖 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳賴 賲丨讴賵賲 亘賴 賲乇诏 賴爻鬲 趩蹖讴丕乇 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕蹖 乇賯賲 夭丿賳 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 禺賵丿卮 賵 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳卮 亘讴賳賴 賵 丕氐賱丕 丕蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 乇賵鈥� 丿丕乇賴 讴賴 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 鬲賵蹖 爻乇賳賵卮鬲卮 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賴 責責
趩賳丿鬲丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴賲 亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖禺賵丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵鈥� 亘禺賵賳賳 亘讴賳賲
賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賮丕賳鬲夭蹖 賵 鬲禺蹖賱蹖 賵 讴賲丿蹖 賳賲蹖鬲賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵蹖 讴鬲丕亘 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳蹖丿貙 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 卮丿鬲 噩丿蹖 賵 鬲丕乇蹖讴 賵 鬲賱禺 賵 賲乇丿賵賳賴 賴爻鬲卮. 倬乇 丕夭 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖貙 禺賵賳乇蹖夭蹖貙 鬲乇賵乇貙 賲乇诏 賵 丿乇 丕禺乇 丕丿賲 爻賵夭蹖 賴爻鬲卮. 鬲賳賴丕 氐丨賳賴 賴丕蹖蹖 賴賲 讴賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳蹖丿 鬲賵卮 鬲氐賵蹖乇爻丕夭蹖 匕賴賳蹖 讴賳蹖丿 賴賲蹖賳 氐丨賳賴 賴丕 賴爻鬲卮.
賮丕乇睾 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丕夭蹖 賴丕蹖 爻蹖丕爻蹖 乇賵鈥� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 賳卮賵賳 賲蹖丿賴 禺蹖賱蹖 毓丕賱蹖 丿賳蹖丕蹖蹖 丿乇賵賳蹖 卮禺氐蹖鬲 賴丕乇賵 賴賲 鬲賵氐蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴 噩賵乇蹖 讴賴 賲賳 亘賴 卮禺氐賴 鬲賵蹖 賴乇 卮禺氐蹖鬲蹖 蹖讴 亘毓丿 丕夭 禺賵丿賲 乇賵 賲蹖丿蹖丿賲
丿乇 丕禺乇 賴賲 賴賲賵賳噩賵乇蹖 讴賴 丕夭 丕爻賲 讴鬲丕亘 賲毓賱賵賲賴 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 丕氐賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賵 賲乇诏 賴爻鬲卮貙 亘卮乇蹖 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳賴 賲丨讴賵賲 亘賴 賲乇诏 賴爻鬲 趩蹖讴丕乇 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕蹖 乇賯賲 夭丿賳 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 禺賵丿卮 賵 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳卮 亘讴賳賴 賵 丕氐賱丕 丕蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 乇賵鈥� 丿丕乇賴 讴賴 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 鬲賵蹖 爻乇賳賵卮鬲卮 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賴 責責
May 24, 2018
Translated by Haakon M. Chevalier. I found this bleak analysis of the twentieth-century human condition, set during the Chinese Revolution, to be intermittently brilliant and boring. The philosophical musings on, well, man's fate 鈥� human will as the prime mover, dismissal of all else 鈥� were fascinating, but the book dragged at times, bogged down by somewhat stilted dialogue. On the other hand, the dramatic style was skilled: the dark tone of the text, with its descriptions of shadows and light, fog and rain, and the episodic, realistic plot fit the overall tone of isolation and despair perfectly; and the cast of characters from all walks of life added some interest. However, in all an overly depressing work, and a bit unreal, too forced: the protagonists all share the same bleak outlook, the same drive for death as the final meaning to life, the same passion for their own fate. There were external 鈥� political, personal and military 鈥� conflicts, and internal conflicts as some characters struggled to discover their strength of will, but no meaningful ideological conflict, which makes all the philosophical posing somewhat hollow, as if the conclusion drives the actions, rather than the other way round.
November 24, 2021
螠蔚 位蠀蟻喂魏蠈 魏伪喂 蟽蠀谓维渭伪 伪喂蠂渭畏蟻蠈, 尾委伪喂慰, 蠅渭蠈 蠉蠁慰蟼 慰 蟽蠀纬纬蟻伪蠁苇伪蟼 蔚蟽蟿喂维味蔚喂 蟽蟿慰 胃苇渭伪 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼, 蟿畏谓 伪谓蟿委未蟻伪蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀 蟽蟿慰谓 胃维谓伪蟿慰 蠀蟺蔚蟻伪蟽蟺喂味蠈渭蔚谓慰蟼 蟿伪 喂未伪谓喂魏维 蟿慰蠀, 蟿畏 蟽畏渭伪蟽委伪 蟿慰蠀 胃伪谓维蟿慰蠀 纬喂伪 魏维胃蔚 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿萎蟻伪 尉蔚蠂蠅蟻喂蟽蟿维.
螠蔚 苇谓蟿慰谓伪 魏喂谓畏渭伪蟿慰纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎 纬蟻伪蠁萎, 蟽魏畏谓苇蟼 魏伪喂 未喂维位慰纬慰喂 渭蔚蟿伪尉蠉 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓 蔚谓伪位位维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪喂. 围伪蟻伪魏蟿萎蟻蔚蟼 蔚蟽蠅蟽蟿蟻蔚蠁蔚委蟼,听 蠀蟺慰魏喂谓慰蠉渭蔚谓慰喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 蟺委蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蔚 渭委伪 喂未苇伪, 胃苇蟿慰蠀谓 蟿畏 味蠅萎 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蔚 魏委谓未蠀谓慰 伪谓蟿喂未蟻蠋谓蟿伪蟼,听 胃蠀蟽喂维味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟿慰谓 蔚伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪纬蠋谓伪.
螒谓伪位慰纬喂味蠈渭蔚谓慰喂 蟿畏谓 蟺慰蟻蔚委伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 蔚蟺喂位慰纬苇蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪胃蠋蟼 慰喂 蔚尉蔚位委尉蔚喂蟼 魏慰蟻蠀蠁蠋谓慰谓蟿伪喂, 蟽蟿慰蠂维味慰谓蟿伪喂 蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏维 味畏蟿萎渭伪蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻慰魏蠉蟺蟿慰蠀谓 伪谓蟿喂魏蟻委味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟿慰 胃维谓伪蟿慰, 伪谓伪未喂伪渭慰蟻蠁蠋谓慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 慰喂 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪谓伪未蠉慰谓蟿伪喂 渭苇蟽伪 伪蟺蠈 渭喂伪 尾伪胃喂维 蔚谓未慰蟽魏蠈蟺畏蟽畏.
螔维蟽畏 魏伪喂 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏蠈 蟺位伪委蟽喂慰 蟿慰蠀 渭蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蟻萎渭伪蟿慰蟼,听 畏 伪蟺蔚蟻纬委伪 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟻纬伪蟿蠋谓 蟽蟿畏 危伪谓纬魏维畏 蟿慰 1927, 渭喂伪 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿畏蟻委蟽蟿畏魏蔚 蠅蟼 螘蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏.
螘胃谓喂锟斤拷喂蟽蟿苇蟼 魏伪喂 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼 蟽蠀纬魏蟻慰蠉慰谓蟿伪喂, 渭喂伪 蔚蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿伪蟺谓委纬蔚蟿伪喂, 尉苇谓伪 慰喂魏慰谓慰渭喂魏维 魏伪喂 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏维 蟽蠀渭蠁苇蟻慰谓蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 纬委谓慰谓蟿伪喂 伪蟻蠅纬慰委 蟽蔚 魏维胃蔚 蟺位蔚蠀蟻维, 慰蟺慰蠀蟻蟿慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼 魏伪喂 喂未蔚慰位蠈纬慰喂 蟽蠉渭蟺位蔚慰喂 萎 伪谓蟿委蟺伪位慰喂 蟽蟿畏 蠂维蟻伪尉畏 蟿畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼 位伪蠋谓.
螌蟽伪 蔚谓蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓伪纬蠅谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏萎 蟺维位畏,听 畏 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏 , 畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 畏 伪蟺慰尉苇谓蠅蟽畏, 畏 伪尉喂慰蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂伪, 慰 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 畏 蠀位喂魏萎 魏伪喂 蟺谓蔚蠀渭伪蟿喂魏萎 未喂维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠉蟺伪蟻尉畏蟼, 蠅蟼 魏慰喂谓维 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿畏蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏维 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼.
韦苇蟽蟽蔚蟻喂蟼听 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 蟽蠀谓伪谓蟿喂慰蠉谓蟿伪喂 苇蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 尾伪未委蟽蔚喂 未喂伪蠁慰蟻蔚蟿喂魏维 渭慰谓慰蟺维蟿喂伪, 渭蔚 未喂伪蠁慰蟻蔚蟿喂魏慰蠉蟼 未蔚蟽渭慰蠉蟼 渭蔚 蟿畏谓 螝委谓伪, 蔚尉蔚纬蔚委蟻慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 蟺慰位蔚渭慰蠉谓 纬喂伪 谓伪听 蟺蔚蟿蠉蠂慰蠀谓 苇谓伪 魏伪位蠉蟿蔚蟻慰 渭苇位位慰谓 蠈蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰谓 蔚魏蠁蟻维味蔚喂 蟿慰 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 喂未蔚蠋未蔚蟼.
螠蔚 苇谓蟿慰谓伪 魏喂谓畏渭伪蟿慰纬蟻伪蠁喂魏萎 纬蟻伪蠁萎, 蟽魏畏谓苇蟼 魏伪喂 未喂维位慰纬慰喂 渭蔚蟿伪尉蠉 蟿蠅谓 畏蟻蠋蠅谓 蔚谓伪位位维蟽蟽慰谓蟿伪喂. 围伪蟻伪魏蟿萎蟻蔚蟼 蔚蟽蠅蟽蟿蟻蔚蠁蔚委蟼,听 蠀蟺慰魏喂谓慰蠉渭蔚谓慰喂 伪蟺蠈 蟿畏谓 蟺委蟽蟿畏 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蔚 渭委伪 喂未苇伪, 胃苇蟿慰蠀谓 蟿畏 味蠅萎 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蔚 魏委谓未蠀谓慰 伪谓蟿喂未蟻蠋谓蟿伪蟼,听 胃蠀蟽喂维味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟿慰谓 蔚伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 伪纬蠋谓伪.
螒谓伪位慰纬喂味蠈渭蔚谓慰喂 蟿畏谓 蟺慰蟻蔚委伪 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 蔚蟺喂位慰纬苇蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 魏伪胃蠋蟼 慰喂 蔚尉蔚位委尉蔚喂蟼 魏慰蟻蠀蠁蠋谓慰谓蟿伪喂, 蟽蟿慰蠂维味慰谓蟿伪喂 蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂伪魏维 味畏蟿萎渭伪蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻慰魏蠉蟺蟿慰蠀谓 伪谓蟿喂魏蟻委味慰谓蟿伪蟼 蟿慰 胃维谓伪蟿慰, 伪谓伪未喂伪渭慰蟻蠁蠋谓慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 慰喂 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪谓伪未蠉慰谓蟿伪喂 渭苇蟽伪 伪蟺蠈 渭喂伪 尾伪胃喂维 蔚谓未慰蟽魏蠈蟺畏蟽畏.
螔维蟽畏 魏伪喂 喂蟽蟿慰蟻喂魏蠈 蟺位伪委蟽喂慰 蟿慰蠀 渭蠀胃喂蟽蟿慰蟻萎渭伪蟿慰蟼,听 畏 伪蟺蔚蟻纬委伪 蟿蠅谓 蔚蟻纬伪蟿蠋谓 蟽蟿畏 危伪谓纬魏维畏 蟿慰 1927, 渭喂伪 魏委谓畏蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿畏蟻委蟽蟿畏魏蔚 蠅蟼 螘蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏.
螘胃谓喂锟斤拷喂蟽蟿苇蟼 魏伪喂 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼 蟽蠀纬魏蟻慰蠉慰谓蟿伪喂, 渭喂伪 蔚蟺伪谓维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 魏伪蟿伪蟺谓委纬蔚蟿伪喂, 尉苇谓伪 慰喂魏慰谓慰渭喂魏维 魏伪喂 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏维 蟽蠀渭蠁苇蟻慰谓蟿伪 蟺慰蠀 纬委谓慰谓蟿伪喂 伪蟻蠅纬慰委 蟽蔚 魏维胃蔚 蟺位蔚蠀蟻维, 慰蟺慰蠀蟻蟿慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼 魏伪喂 喂未蔚慰位蠈纬慰喂 蟽蠉渭蟺位蔚慰喂 萎 伪谓蟿委蟺伪位慰喂 蟽蟿畏 蠂维蟻伪尉畏 蟿畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼 位伪蠋谓.
螌蟽伪 蔚谓蠋谓慰蠀谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓伪纬蠅谓喂蟽蟿苇蟼, 蟿慰蠀蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蟻蠈蠁慰蠀蟼 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺慰位喂蟿喂魏萎 蟺维位畏,听 畏 伪位位畏位蔚纬纬蠉畏 , 畏 渭慰谓伪尉喂维, 畏 伪蟺慰尉苇谓蠅蟽畏, 畏 伪尉喂慰蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂伪, 慰 胃维谓伪蟿慰蟼, 畏 蠀位喂魏萎 魏伪喂 蟺谓蔚蠀渭伪蟿喂魏萎 未喂维蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠉蟺伪蟻尉畏蟼, 蠅蟼 魏慰喂谓维 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿畏蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏维 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 渭慰委蟻伪蟼.
韦苇蟽蟽蔚蟻喂蟼听 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 蟽蠀谓伪谓蟿喂慰蠉谓蟿伪喂 苇蠂慰谓蟿伪蟼 尾伪未委蟽蔚喂 未喂伪蠁慰蟻蔚蟿喂魏维 渭慰谓慰蟺维蟿喂伪, 渭蔚 未喂伪蠁慰蟻蔚蟿喂魏慰蠉蟼 未蔚蟽渭慰蠉蟼 渭蔚 蟿畏谓 螝委谓伪, 蔚尉蔚纬蔚委蟻慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 蟺慰位蔚渭慰蠉谓 纬喂伪 谓伪听 蟺蔚蟿蠉蠂慰蠀谓 苇谓伪 魏伪位蠉蟿蔚蟻慰 渭苇位位慰谓 蠈蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰谓 蔚魏蠁蟻维味蔚喂 蟿慰 魏慰渭渭慰蠀谓喂蟽蟿喂魏蠈 喂未蔚蠋未蔚蟼.
October 4, 2016
Poucas personagens haver谩 na fic莽茫o t茫o tragicamente isoladas como algumas de 鈥淎 Condi莽茫o Humana鈥�; e sem d煤vida que todas elas se v锚em em situa莽玫es extremas, nas quais a vida e a morte lhes surgem, n茫o sequer como uma alternativa, mas como uma mesma vers茫o do destino, em que a morte 茅 menos escolhida que aceite. (Jorge de Sena, no Pref谩cio a esta edi莽茫o)
Em A Condi莽茫o Humana a ac莽茫o situa-se em Xangai, no ano de 1927, quando uma insurrei莽茫o comunista 茅 esmagada pelo Kuomintang de Xan-Cai-Xeque. Pelo meio, agentes dos interesses estrat茅gicos e econ贸micos externos (da R煤ssia e do Ocidente).
O livro come莽a de uma forma bastante intensa e cinematogr谩fica, com a descri莽茫o de uma cena em que um homem se prepara para matar outro (um assassinato pol铆tico), e de tudo o que nesse momento lhe perpassa a mente 鈥� d煤vidas, ang煤stias, convic莽玫es, comprometimento.
Pestanejando, Tchen descobria em si, at茅 脿 n谩usea, n茫o o combatente que esperava, mas um sacrificador. E n茫o apenas aos deuses que escolhera; sob o seu sacrif铆cio 脿 revolu莽茫o erguia-se um mundo de profundidades, junto das quais esta noite esmagada de ang煤stia n茫o era sen茫o claridade. 鈥淎ssassinar n茫o 茅 apenas matar, ai鈥︹€�. Nos bolsos, as m茫os hesitantes seguravam, a direita uma navalha fechada, a esquerda um punhal curto. Metia-as para o fundo o mais poss铆vel como se a noite n茫o bastasse para esconder os seus gestos.Contudo, logo ap贸s, a narrativa foca-se muito no contexto hist贸rico-pol铆tico e, n茫o obstante o rigor do registo documental, a leitura torna-se pouco din芒mica para quem, como eu, se aborrece de morte com coisas de pol铆tica, estrat茅gia e interesses comerciais. Os personagens (o que realmente me cativou nesta obra) n茫o nos s茫o propriamente apresentados; 茅 com o decorrer da ac莽茫o que se v茫o delineando os seus contornos e que v茫o adquirindo forma e densidade. As componentes psicol贸gica e at茅 filos贸fica tornam-se ent茫o centrais, e 茅 a partir da铆 que a leitura me come莽a a prender de forma constante. Isto para dizer que se sentirem entediados ou confusos no in铆cio do livro n茫o desistam; espera-nos uma galeria de personagens intensas que protagonizam cenas pungentes que dificilmente se nos apagar茫o da mem贸ria. E, porque 茅 igualmente importante, belos peda莽os de prosa, como aquele em que o autor se serve da noite de Xangai para ilustrar o estado de esp铆rito de Tchen ap贸s a execu莽茫o da sua miss茫o:
Sacudida pela sua ang煤stia, a noite borbulhava como um enorme fumo negro cheio de fa煤lhas; ao ritmo da sua respira莽茫o cada vez menos ofegante, imobilizou-se e, no despeda莽ar das nuvens, as estrelas restabeleceram-se no movimento eterno que o invadiu com o ar mais fresco de fora. Ouviu-se uma sirene que se perdeu nesta pungente serenidade. Em baixo, l谩 no fundo, as luzes da meia-noite, reflectidas atrav茅s de uma bruma amarelada pelo macadame molhado, pelos riscos p谩lidos dos carris, palpitavam da vida dos homens que n茫o matam.A Condi莽茫o Humana 茅 um romance desencantado, duro e cruel, que se serve da luta por ideais pol铆ticos para reflectir sobre a eterna procura de um sentido para a exist锚ncia. A procura de um sentido para viver, para matar, para morrer; o poder para marcar a diferen莽a, para mudar o curso da corrente, para alterar destinos; a procura do que permita superar a vulgar condi莽茫o humana.
Por outro lado, os homens s茫o talvez indiferentes ao poder... O que os fascina nessa ideia, v锚 voc锚, n茫o 茅 o poder em si, 茅 a ilus茫o do bel-prazer. O poder do rei 茅 governar, n茫o 茅? Mas o homem n茫o quer governar: tem vontade de for莽ar, como voc锚 disse. De ser mais do que homem, num mundo de homens. Escapar 脿 condi莽茫o humana, era o que eu dizia. N茫o apenas poderoso: todo-poderoso. A quim茅rica doen莽a, de que a vontade de poder 茅 a justifica莽茫o intelectual, 茅 a vontade de divindade: todo o homem sonha ser deus.Quando terminei o livro senti-me indecisa quanto 脿 classifica莽茫o a atribuir-lhe. Mas uma vez sedimentada a leitura, percebi que aquilo que em certo ponto me vez vacilar acabou por se diluir at茅 quase n茫o deixar vest铆gios, e o que me ficou e ficar谩 deste romance fez-me decidir por umas definitivas quatro estrelas.
January 26, 2019
Even for me--a longtime reader of works of revolutionary politics and political science--this novel was cumbersome to absorb. To place it among the more stalwart literature I've already read concerning the Chinese Civil War, is a reluctant action on my part.
I'm forced to designate it one of the more poorly-written 'great books' of this type, which has come my way so far. I'm at a loss to explain why the book has remained so highly-regarded for so long. It routinely appears on lists of fine novels; yet the clearly talented author commits some of the worst blunders found in the worst novels in this entire sub-genre.
Chief flaw: it is an extremely 'talky' book. 'Talky' to the point where his characters do not even matter so long as the author gets the ideas which excite him, down on paper, unconvincingly emitted from their mouths. They are mouthpieces only.
We've all seen this symptom exhibited in other books but here the disease is at its most manifest. Everyone in the book jabbers political theory, well beyond the point where it is even sensible.
Does all this gibberish help give the reader a glimpse of the frantic events leading to the Revolution? No. Although the characters yammer on just as much about factions and street battles, alliances and army movements as they do Theory, there's similarly no coherence there either. The book does not make sense of the background events it is supposed to depict.
What's left? Well, the exotic cast of characters and their actions ...which ordinarily would likely make a cracking read. There's hints of competent, nuts'n'bolts storytelling remaining in little islands dotting the course of the narrative. I found a few passages of pure action which were fairly riveting: stealing munitions off a cargo ship, storming a police station; a bomb attack on Chiang Kai-Shek.
The lead figure in these episodes is a mentally-troubled but impassioned rebel Ch'en, and his fury gives the book most of its liveliness (where every other character is a mynah bird). Ch'en has the most to do; but gets killed 3/4 of the way along; (thematically unsatisfying) ...and that thrusts us back among the parrots.
It truly reaches almost comical proportions, the amount of speechifying all these figures engage in. Even when dashing about pell-mell, running for their lives, evacuating the city, Malraux's rebels will breathlessly scurry into a safe-house, only steps ahead of pursuers, nonetheless enjoy time to engage in revolutionary dialectics. Absurd.
The other prominent figure in the story is a French diplomat Farrar, who (incredibly) at the height of the street fighting, remains obsessed with his mistresses. This is the other leading 'topic' Malraux exhausts: romance and l'amour. Sorely trying to this reader's patience.
Again, the sheer wordiness. Farrar's interludes with the sultry V. are dominated by and mental introspection. This couple talks about theories of love more than they make love! They even write tedious letters to each other about the politics of gender and the ethics of coupling. On and on and on, more talk, more words, more speeches.
Whatever it is all intended to amount to, I'm sure I can't say. Maybe the novel improves upon re-reading or in discussion groups. Maybe this novel was hotly debated by lovers and intellectuals among little tables along the Left Bank of the Seine in its day.
I suppose I'm glad I read it, but the pleasure is desultory--I am more relieved to have done with it; and I'm taking very little away with me from the experience.
There's one hilarious chapter where the pompous Farrar is made-a-fool-of by V. in a hotel lobby--to humiliate him, she arranges that he and another of her bed partners to run into each other at the same hour--that was one fun moment in an otherwise tepid, lukewarm book. It gave me a "frissonde of excitement, the evanescence of which lingered in my thoughts as I went about my morning toilette" ...as Malraux might say.
I'm forced to designate it one of the more poorly-written 'great books' of this type, which has come my way so far. I'm at a loss to explain why the book has remained so highly-regarded for so long. It routinely appears on lists of fine novels; yet the clearly talented author commits some of the worst blunders found in the worst novels in this entire sub-genre.
Chief flaw: it is an extremely 'talky' book. 'Talky' to the point where his characters do not even matter so long as the author gets the ideas which excite him, down on paper, unconvincingly emitted from their mouths. They are mouthpieces only.
We've all seen this symptom exhibited in other books but here the disease is at its most manifest. Everyone in the book jabbers political theory, well beyond the point where it is even sensible.
Does all this gibberish help give the reader a glimpse of the frantic events leading to the Revolution? No. Although the characters yammer on just as much about factions and street battles, alliances and army movements as they do Theory, there's similarly no coherence there either. The book does not make sense of the background events it is supposed to depict.
What's left? Well, the exotic cast of characters and their actions ...which ordinarily would likely make a cracking read. There's hints of competent, nuts'n'bolts storytelling remaining in little islands dotting the course of the narrative. I found a few passages of pure action which were fairly riveting: stealing munitions off a cargo ship, storming a police station; a bomb attack on Chiang Kai-Shek.
The lead figure in these episodes is a mentally-troubled but impassioned rebel Ch'en, and his fury gives the book most of its liveliness (where every other character is a mynah bird). Ch'en has the most to do; but gets killed 3/4 of the way along; (thematically unsatisfying) ...and that thrusts us back among the parrots.
It truly reaches almost comical proportions, the amount of speechifying all these figures engage in. Even when dashing about pell-mell, running for their lives, evacuating the city, Malraux's rebels will breathlessly scurry into a safe-house, only steps ahead of pursuers, nonetheless enjoy time to engage in revolutionary dialectics. Absurd.
The other prominent figure in the story is a French diplomat Farrar, who (incredibly) at the height of the street fighting, remains obsessed with his mistresses. This is the other leading 'topic' Malraux exhausts: romance and l'amour. Sorely trying to this reader's patience.
Again, the sheer wordiness. Farrar's interludes with the sultry V. are dominated by and mental introspection. This couple talks about theories of love more than they make love! They even write tedious letters to each other about the politics of gender and the ethics of coupling. On and on and on, more talk, more words, more speeches.
Whatever it is all intended to amount to, I'm sure I can't say. Maybe the novel improves upon re-reading or in discussion groups. Maybe this novel was hotly debated by lovers and intellectuals among little tables along the Left Bank of the Seine in its day.
I suppose I'm glad I read it, but the pleasure is desultory--I am more relieved to have done with it; and I'm taking very little away with me from the experience.
There's one hilarious chapter where the pompous Farrar is made-a-fool-of by V. in a hotel lobby--to humiliate him, she arranges that he and another of her bed partners to run into each other at the same hour--that was one fun moment in an otherwise tepid, lukewarm book. It gave me a "frissonde of excitement, the evanescence of which lingered in my thoughts as I went about my morning toilette" ...as Malraux might say.
December 2, 2022
讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 賱丨馗賴 賴丕蹖 丕禺乇 4乇賵 诏乇賮鬲貙 趩賯丿乇 夭蹖亘丕 賵 鬲丕孬蹖乇 诏匕丕乇 丿乇 睾賲 賵 丕賳丿賵賴 鬲賲賵賲 卮丿. 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丿賵 賮乇賯賴 丕夭 賲乇丿賲 賵 丿賵賱鬲 賲乇丿丕賳貙 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲乇賵乇 讴乇丿賳 賵 丕賳賯賱丕亘 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 爻乇讴賵亘. 鬲賵 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 毓卮賯 賵 乇賳噩 氐丨亘鬲 賲蹖卮賴 丕夭 賴蹖噩丕賳 賲乇丿賲丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳賯賱丕亘 賵 丕夭 睾賲 噩丿丕蹖蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 賲乇诏. 賵 趩賴 噩賲賱賴鈥屬囏й� 賮賵賯鈥屫з勜关ж団€屫й�.
November 7, 2021
La condition humaine is a great existentialist novel written by the extremely flamboyant Andre Malraux who did and saw a great deal in his adventuresome life. In 1923, he was caught with art treasures stolen from Angkor Wat in Cambodia. After eight months in prison, he moved on to China where he worked with the Kuomintang. Later he would organize and command an air division on the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War. He served as a soldier in the French Army that was defeated by the Germans and later became a leader of the Resistance. From 1945 on, he would be a firm Gaullist eventually becoming France's minister of culture. While doing all this he wrote prolifically establishing himself as a major writer and as one of the leading art critics of his age.
The novel La condition humaine is almost but not quite as remarkable as the life of its extraordinary author. It is set in Shanghai and deals with the liquidation of the Communists in the city in April 1927. Malraux presents the reader with a fascinating set of characters all of whom are modelled on real communist militants including Zhou en Lai (Kyoshi) that Malraux met during his time in the Orient. The reader is instantly attracted to these doomed individuals who all must attempt to die a dignified existentist death of which the saddest and most glorious is that of Kyoshi (Zhou en Lai).
(In real life of course Zhou en Lai survived and lived to reunite with Malraux in 1965 when Malraux was visiting China on a mission for de Gaulle.)
For the last 60 years, French lit undergraduates had found themselves reading this classic at some point usually quite early in their academic careers. Other readers will find La condition humaine very worthwhile for its great historical authenticity and magnificent Aristotelian pathos.
The novel La condition humaine is almost but not quite as remarkable as the life of its extraordinary author. It is set in Shanghai and deals with the liquidation of the Communists in the city in April 1927. Malraux presents the reader with a fascinating set of characters all of whom are modelled on real communist militants including Zhou en Lai (Kyoshi) that Malraux met during his time in the Orient. The reader is instantly attracted to these doomed individuals who all must attempt to die a dignified existentist death of which the saddest and most glorious is that of Kyoshi (Zhou en Lai).
(In real life of course Zhou en Lai survived and lived to reunite with Malraux in 1965 when Malraux was visiting China on a mission for de Gaulle.)
For the last 60 years, French lit undergraduates had found themselves reading this classic at some point usually quite early in their academic careers. Other readers will find La condition humaine very worthwhile for its great historical authenticity and magnificent Aristotelian pathos.
January 9, 2022
讴鬲丕亘 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘蹖 亘賵丿. 卮乇賵毓 丿乇禺卮丕賳蹖 丿丕乇賴 丕夭 丿賵丿賱蹖 蹖讴 賯丕鬲賱 亘乇丕蹖 讴卮鬲賳 蹖讴 賳賮乇.丿乇 丕丿丕賲賴 讴賲蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賮丕鬲 賲賲讴賳賴 禺爻鬲賴 讴賳賳丿賴 賵 卮亘蹖賴 诏夭丕乇卮丕鬲 禺亘乇蹖 亘賳馗乇 亘乇爻賴. 丕賲丕 賴乇 趩賴 亘賴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳夭丿蹖讴 賲蹖卮蹖賲 賲禺氐賵氐丕 氐丿 氐賮丨賴 丌禺乇 讴賴 賮乇噩丕賲 卮禺氐蹖鬲賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 乇賵卮賳 賲蹖卮賴貙 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕夭 賴賲 丿乇禺卮丕賳 賲蹖卮賴. 賵 倬乇 丕夭 氐丨賳賴 賴丕 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賮丕鬲 禺卮賳 賵 丿乇丿賳丕讴. 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇賲 讴丕乇賴丕蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丕夭 賲丕賱乇賵 亘禺賵賳賲.
蹖丕丿蹖 讴賳蹖賲 丕夭 爻蹖乇賵爻 匕讴丕 賲鬲乇噩賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴賴 丿乇 爻讴賵鬲 賵 亘蹖 禺亘乇蹖貙 丌匕乇 1400 丕夭 丿賳蹖丕 乇賮鬲賳丿. 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵亘賴 賵賱蹖 趩賳丿 賲賵乇丿 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 賵蹖乇丕爻鬲丕乇蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴 讴賴 亘賴鬲乇賴 乇賮毓 亘卮賴.
蹖丕丿蹖 讴賳蹖賲 丕夭 爻蹖乇賵爻 匕讴丕 賲鬲乇噩賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴賴 丿乇 爻讴賵鬲 賵 亘蹖 禺亘乇蹖貙 丌匕乇 1400 丕夭 丿賳蹖丕 乇賮鬲賳丿. 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵亘賴 賵賱蹖 趩賳丿 賲賵乇丿 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 賵蹖乇丕爻鬲丕乇蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴 讴賴 亘賴鬲乇賴 乇賮毓 亘卮賴.
January 2, 2009
My Review through
Am terminat de citit Conditia umana a lui Malraux (vezi aici coperta). :D Trebuie sa recunosc ca lectura mi s-a parut greoaie in prima parte鈥� dar lucrurile s-au fluidizat pe parcurs, totul terminandu-se in ton cu seninatatea lui Gisors. Am avut sentimentul ca ceea ce scrie autorul nu este deajuns pentru a intelege suficient contextul socio-economic si politic in care se desfasoara actiunea, dar imi parea ca eram provocat la a face investigatii de natura jurnalistica. Una peste alta cred ca este o carte monumentala. Absurditatea mortii lui Cen este unul dintre lucrurile care contribuie la asta.
Redau mai jos un fragment care mi-a placut in mod deosebit.
鈥�- Crede牛i oare c膬 po牛i cunoa艧te, 卯ntr-adev膬r cunoa艧te, pe cineva? 卯l 卯ntreb膬 pe b膬tr芒n.
- G芒ndirea care vrea s膬 descifreze ce se petrece 卯ntr-o femeie este 卯ntotdeuna subminat膬 de erotism. C芒nd dore艧ti s膬 cuno艧ti o femeie, dore艧ti 鈥搉u e a艧a?- de fapt fie s-o posezi, fie s膬 te r膬zbuni pe ea. Cred c膬 atunci c芒nd recurgi la spirit, 卯ncerci de fapt s膬 contrabalansezi acest g芒nd: cunoa艧terea unei fiin牛e este un sentiment negativ. Sentimentul pozitiv, realitatea, este faptul c膬 ne 卯ngroze艧te ideea c膬 vom r膬m芒ne 卯ntotdeauna st膬ini fiin牛elor pe care le iubim.
- Oare iubim vreodat膬 cu adev膬rat?
- Numai timpul poate vindeca aceast膬 angoas膬. Nu po牛i niciodat膬 cunoa艧te pe cineva, dar uneori 卯ncet膬m s膬 sim牛im c膬 nu 艧tim ce se petrece 卯n sufletul altuia. A c膬uta s膬 卯n牛elegi, slujindu-te de inteligen牛膬, a cunoa艧te prin intermediul inteligen牛ei, reprezint膬 doar o zadarnic膬 ispit膬; 艧i anume aceea de a elimina din construc牛ia mintal膬 elementul timp.
-Nu sunte牛i 艧i dumneavoastr膬 de p膬rere c膬 e o prostie, caracteristic膬 de altfel speciei umane, ca s膬 se sacrifice cineva pentru o idee, c芒nd 艧tie c膬 n-are dec芒t o via牛膬 de tr膬it?
- Se 卯nt芒mpl膬 foarte rar ca un om s膬 poat膬 suporta 鈥� cum s膬 spun?- propria condi牛ie uman膬鈥�<鈥淥amenii accept膬 s膬 moar膬 nesocotind propriile interese, pentru a justifica condi牛ia uman膬, pun芒nd la temelia vie牛ii demnitatea鈥�>.
- 脦n general oamenii nu se sinchisesc de putere. Ceea ce 卯i fascineaz膬, de fapt, nu este puterea efectiv膬 ci iluzia c膬 pot ac牛iona dup膬 bunul lor plac. Omul n-are chef s膬 guverneze. Are chef s膬 鈥搃 constr芒ng膬 pe semenii lui s膬 fac膬 ce vrea el. Vrea s膬 fie mai mult dec芒t un om, 卯n aceast膬 lume a oamenilor. S膬 scape de condi牛ia uman膬. Nu dore艧te s膬 fie puternic, ci atotputernic. Maladia himeric膬, justificat膬 pe plan intelectual de dorin牛a de putere, este de fapt dorin牛a de a fi zeu. Orice om dore艧te s膬 fie zeu鈥︹€�
Am terminat de citit Conditia umana a lui Malraux (vezi aici coperta). :D Trebuie sa recunosc ca lectura mi s-a parut greoaie in prima parte鈥� dar lucrurile s-au fluidizat pe parcurs, totul terminandu-se in ton cu seninatatea lui Gisors. Am avut sentimentul ca ceea ce scrie autorul nu este deajuns pentru a intelege suficient contextul socio-economic si politic in care se desfasoara actiunea, dar imi parea ca eram provocat la a face investigatii de natura jurnalistica. Una peste alta cred ca este o carte monumentala. Absurditatea mortii lui Cen este unul dintre lucrurile care contribuie la asta.
Redau mai jos un fragment care mi-a placut in mod deosebit.
鈥�- Crede牛i oare c膬 po牛i cunoa艧te, 卯ntr-adev膬r cunoa艧te, pe cineva? 卯l 卯ntreb膬 pe b膬tr芒n.
- G芒ndirea care vrea s膬 descifreze ce se petrece 卯ntr-o femeie este 卯ntotdeuna subminat膬 de erotism. C芒nd dore艧ti s膬 cuno艧ti o femeie, dore艧ti 鈥搉u e a艧a?- de fapt fie s-o posezi, fie s膬 te r膬zbuni pe ea. Cred c膬 atunci c芒nd recurgi la spirit, 卯ncerci de fapt s膬 contrabalansezi acest g芒nd: cunoa艧terea unei fiin牛e este un sentiment negativ. Sentimentul pozitiv, realitatea, este faptul c膬 ne 卯ngroze艧te ideea c膬 vom r膬m芒ne 卯ntotdeauna st膬ini fiin牛elor pe care le iubim.
- Oare iubim vreodat膬 cu adev膬rat?
- Numai timpul poate vindeca aceast膬 angoas膬. Nu po牛i niciodat膬 cunoa艧te pe cineva, dar uneori 卯ncet膬m s膬 sim牛im c膬 nu 艧tim ce se petrece 卯n sufletul altuia. A c膬uta s膬 卯n牛elegi, slujindu-te de inteligen牛膬, a cunoa艧te prin intermediul inteligen牛ei, reprezint膬 doar o zadarnic膬 ispit膬; 艧i anume aceea de a elimina din construc牛ia mintal膬 elementul timp.
-Nu sunte牛i 艧i dumneavoastr膬 de p膬rere c膬 e o prostie, caracteristic膬 de altfel speciei umane, ca s膬 se sacrifice cineva pentru o idee, c芒nd 艧tie c膬 n-are dec芒t o via牛膬 de tr膬it?
- Se 卯nt芒mpl膬 foarte rar ca un om s膬 poat膬 suporta 鈥� cum s膬 spun?- propria condi牛ie uman膬鈥�<鈥淥amenii accept膬 s膬 moar膬 nesocotind propriile interese, pentru a justifica condi牛ia uman膬, pun芒nd la temelia vie牛ii demnitatea鈥�>.
- 脦n general oamenii nu se sinchisesc de putere. Ceea ce 卯i fascineaz膬, de fapt, nu este puterea efectiv膬 ci iluzia c膬 pot ac牛iona dup膬 bunul lor plac. Omul n-are chef s膬 guverneze. Are chef s膬 鈥搃 constr芒ng膬 pe semenii lui s膬 fac膬 ce vrea el. Vrea s膬 fie mai mult dec芒t un om, 卯n aceast膬 lume a oamenilor. S膬 scape de condi牛ia uman膬. Nu dore艧te s膬 fie puternic, ci atotputernic. Maladia himeric膬, justificat膬 pe plan intelectual de dorin牛a de putere, este de fapt dorin牛a de a fi zeu. Orice om dore艧te s膬 fie zeu鈥︹€�
August 10, 2022
韦慰 苇蠁蔚蟻蔚 苇蟿蟽喂 畏 蟿蠉蠂畏 魏伪喂 未喂维尾伪蟽伪 蟿慰 渭喂蟽蠈 尾喂尾位委慰 蟽蟿慰 蟿伪尉委未喂 渭慰蠀 蟽蟿畏谓 螝慰蠉尾伪. 螒蠀蟿蠈 谓慰渭委味蠅 蠈蟿喂 萎蟿伪谓 渭喂伪 蟽蠉渭蟺蟿蠅蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻蠈蟽胃蔚蟽蔚 蟺慰位位维 蟽蟿畏谓 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽畏 蟿慰蠀. 螤苇蟻伪谓 蟿慰蠀 胃苇渭伪蟿慰蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟺蔚蟻喂纬蟻维蠁蔚喂 慰 螠伪蟻位蠈 蟽蔚 蟺慰位位维 蟽畏渭蔚委伪 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀 蟺蔚蟻喂纬蟻维蠁蔚喂 蠁喂位慰蟽慰蠁喂魏维 蟿畏谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 蠁蠉蟽畏 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 魏慰喂谓萎 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 渭慰委蟻伪, 蔚委谓伪喂 渭维胃畏渭伪 味蠅萎蟼 伪蠀蟿萎 畏 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽畏.
"螠蟺慰蟻蔚委蟼 谓伪 尉蔚纬蔚位维蟽蔚喂蟼 纬喂伪 魏伪喂蟻蠈 蟿畏 味蠅萎 ,蟽蟿慰 蟿苇位慰蟼 蠈渭蠅蟼 伪蠀蟿萎 渭伪蟼 魏维谓蔚喂 蔚魏蔚委谓慰 蟺慰蠀 苇渭蔚位位蔚 谓伪 纬委谓慰蠀渭蔚. 螝维胃蔚 畏位喂魏喂蠅渭苇谓慰蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 魏伪喂 渭喂伪 蔚尉慰渭慰位蠈纬畏蟽畏, 蟺委蟽蟿蔚蠄蔚 渭蔚, 魏喂 伪谓 蟿伪 纬畏蟻伪蟿蔚喂维 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蠀谓萎胃蠅蟼 魏蔚谓维, 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟽蠀渭尾伪委谓蔚喂 蔚蟺蔚喂未萎 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 萎蟿伪谓 魏蔚谓慰蠉 魏伪喂 蟿慰 苇魏蟻蠀尾伪谓. 螒魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 蠈渭蠅蟼 未蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽畏渭伪蟽委伪. 螛伪 苇蟺蟻蔚蟺蔚 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 谓伪 尉苇蟻慰蠀谓 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 ,蟺蠅蟼 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 魏蠈蟽渭慰喂 蔚谓伪蟿苇谓喂蟽畏蟼 蠈蟺慰蠀 蟿伪 蟺维谓蟿伪 蔚委谓伪喂 渭维蟿伪喂伪.
"螠蟺慰蟻蔚委蟼 谓伪 尉蔚纬蔚位维蟽蔚喂蟼 纬喂伪 魏伪喂蟻蠈 蟿畏 味蠅萎 ,蟽蟿慰 蟿苇位慰蟼 蠈渭蠅蟼 伪蠀蟿萎 渭伪蟼 魏维谓蔚喂 蔚魏蔚委谓慰 蟺慰蠀 苇渭蔚位位蔚 谓伪 纬委谓慰蠀渭蔚. 螝维胃蔚 畏位喂魏喂蠅渭苇谓慰蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 魏伪喂 渭喂伪 蔚尉慰渭慰位蠈纬畏蟽畏, 蟺委蟽蟿蔚蠄蔚 渭蔚, 魏喂 伪谓 蟿伪 纬畏蟻伪蟿蔚喂维 蔚委谓伪喂 蟽蠀谓萎胃蠅蟼 魏蔚谓维, 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟽蠀渭尾伪委谓蔚喂 蔚蟺蔚喂未萎 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 萎蟿伪谓 魏蔚谓慰蠉 魏伪喂 蟿慰 苇魏蟻蠀尾伪谓. 螒魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 蠈渭蠅蟼 未蔚谓 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽畏渭伪蟽委伪. 螛伪 苇蟺蟻蔚蟺蔚 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂 谓伪 尉苇蟻慰蠀谓 蟺蠅蟼 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 蟺蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 ,蟺蠅蟼 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 魏蠈蟽渭慰喂 蔚谓伪蟿苇谓喂蟽畏蟼 蠈蟺慰蠀 蟿伪 蟺维谓蟿伪 蔚委谓伪喂 渭维蟿伪喂伪.
May 26, 2020
I felt Man鈥檚 Fate was so-so. Yes, there鈥檚 plenty of horror in this story, yet something about it all felt distant and removed. Perhaps that鈥檚 because I鈥檝e read so much lately of industrial-scale human treachery that this book came across ho-hum, so the fault, to borrow from my ex-wife鈥檚 oft-repeated logic, really lies with me.
I suppose there鈥檚 plenty of material within these pages to spawn lengthy digressions into agency and fate, using each individual character as a lens, for the interest of the brilliant secluded academic whose future star radiates with enviable magnificence. Much of that, however, is lost to me, being someone who sees the page and the ink and not much else. My eyes did take note of M. Ferral鈥檚 attempt to secure a French government bailout of his France-Asiatic Consortium. Hmmm, I thought, that sort of thing seems so commonplace today; I suspect M. Malraux is wagging his finger in his grave, especially since bailouts have become so expected over the past 80 years.
Somewhere toward the end of this work my mind wandered to a memorable scene in the original Star Trek series when a guest character asked Mr. Spock, 鈥淒o you know what the penalty for fraud is on Deneb 5?鈥� The ever precise Spock replied, 鈥淕uilty party has his choice. Death by electrocution, death by gas, death by phaser, death by hanging...鈥� The guest character responded, 鈥淭he key word in your entire peroration, Mr. Spock, was... d-d-d-DEATH.鈥�
I suppose there鈥檚 plenty of material within these pages to spawn lengthy digressions into agency and fate, using each individual character as a lens, for the interest of the brilliant secluded academic whose future star radiates with enviable magnificence. Much of that, however, is lost to me, being someone who sees the page and the ink and not much else. My eyes did take note of M. Ferral鈥檚 attempt to secure a French government bailout of his France-Asiatic Consortium. Hmmm, I thought, that sort of thing seems so commonplace today; I suspect M. Malraux is wagging his finger in his grave, especially since bailouts have become so expected over the past 80 years.
Somewhere toward the end of this work my mind wandered to a memorable scene in the original Star Trek series when a guest character asked Mr. Spock, 鈥淒o you know what the penalty for fraud is on Deneb 5?鈥� The ever precise Spock replied, 鈥淕uilty party has his choice. Death by electrocution, death by gas, death by phaser, death by hanging...鈥� The guest character responded, 鈥淭he key word in your entire peroration, Mr. Spock, was... d-d-d-DEATH.鈥�
March 30, 2021
鈥淧ero el hombre no tiene el deseo de gobernar: siente el deseo de dominar. De ser m谩s que hombre en un mundo de hombres. Escapar a la condici贸n humana. No poderoso, sino todopoderoso. La enfermedad quim茅rica cuya justificaci贸n intelectual no es m谩s que la voluntad de potencia, es la voluntad de la deidad: todo hombre sue帽a con ser un dios鈥�. Pero es imposible, quedamos condenados a nuestra humanidad, con sus contradicciones y ambig眉edades. Andr茅 Malraux, brillante escritor, pol铆tico comprometido e intr茅pido aventurero franc茅s, se las ingeni贸 para estar presente en algunos de los acontecimientos estelares y m谩s violentos del Siglo XX. En efecto, las aventuras de Malraux, entre la realidad y la leyenda, lo llevaron a saquear tumbas en las selvas de Camboya, a la resistencia francesa durante la segunda guerra mundial, a los conflictos chinos en torno al ascenso del Kuomintang y su l铆der Chiang Kai-shek, a la guerra civil espa帽ola, a rodar films, a publicar ensayos y novelas, a servir al estado como ministro. Precisamente su estad铆a en China durante la d茅cada del 20 le permiti贸 contemplar de primera mano la huelga de Cant贸n, la rebeli贸n de los comunistas en Shangh谩i y la matanza de 1927; y desplegar, a partir de ah铆, dos de sus trabajos m谩s emblem谩ticos: los 鈥淐onquistadores鈥� y 鈥淟a condici贸n humana鈥�. Malraux public贸 鈥淟a Condici贸n Humana鈥� en 1933, obteniendo premios y buenos juicios cr铆ticos debido a su pericia para crear una historia de guerra-revoluci贸n, con amores y aventuras, que reflexiona sobre algunas experiencias humanas compartidas como la soledad frente al destino, el individuo frente al colectivo, la dignidad ante la adversidad, el erotismo y el amor, la solidaridad ante el dolor, la muerte de un ser querido, el ansia de trascendencia, entre otros; en medio de uno de los acontecimiento hist贸ricos m谩s importantes del Siglo XX: las emergencias de las ideolog铆as nacionalistas y comunistas.
La novela narra un suceso crucial en la historia moderna de China, la masacre comunista de Shangh谩i de 1927 propiciada por el partido nacionalista Kuomintang en el marco de la guerra civil China, que durar铆a hasta 1949 cuando triunf贸 la revoluci贸n liderada por Mao Tse Tung. Varios personajes convergen, con sus ideales y demonios, para contar una historia polif贸nica en donde cada uno cumple su papel en el campo de batalla y en la reflexi贸n filos贸fica. La trama inicia con Chen, temeroso brazo armado de los comunistas que termina convertido, luego del primero y m谩s terrible asesinato, en un terrorista implacable, buscando la ocasi贸n perfecta para sacrificar su cuerpo arrojando una bomba en contra del l铆der Chiang Kai-shek. Chen, buscando un mundo diferente, dio sentido a su soledad convertido en criminal, en restos humanos calcinados sobre la calzada. Kyo es casi un prototipo de h茅roe rom谩ntico, disciplinado, de formaci贸n japonesa, se mov铆a de forma pr谩ctica y premeditada en pos de combatir las injusticias de este mundo, en pos de equilibrar la balanza y de que las personas recuperen en algo su dignidad. Se entreg贸, ciego al partido, form贸 escuadrones de obreros, milicias dispuestas al ataque, confabul贸, captur贸 armas, organiz贸 y se lanz贸 al ataque. Aunque vislumbr贸 la tradici贸n del Kuomintag; no previ贸 la 鈥渢ibieza鈥� de la Internacional ni las fragmentaciones internas de los comunistas; el destino, tr谩gico como nuestra humana condici贸n, lo llev贸 a la captura, al cadalso, al cianuro. Kyo se debati贸 entre el partido y su individualidad, decidi贸 una muerte digna, rechazando su salvaci贸n, uni茅ndose a sus camaradas en las horas finales. Chen y Kyo fueron hermanos de armas e ideales, escogieron caminos distintos para llegar a una muerte, digna s铆, pero fracaso al final. H茅roes tr谩gicos del devenir humano.
May es el 煤nico personaje femenino, encarnaci贸n del amor comprometido, que pone el cuerpo al servicio de la causa, que no ama al partido, sino al hambriento, que ama en alma y carne. Compa帽era de Kyo, sobreviviente, aprender谩 que no se vive por los muertos sino por los vivos, buscando un Mosc煤 la redenci贸n y la venganza. Gisors, padre de Kyo, es templanza, y resignaci贸n ante la adversidad, ayudado por el opio que aclara su juicio, se mantiene en actitud casi estoica en medio de la devastaci贸n; sus reflexiones amalgaman sabidur铆a y belleza: 鈥渘o existe conocimiento de los seres鈥�. El Bar贸n de Clappique es un personaje exc茅ntrico, vividor ex贸tico metido de nariz en el entresijo revolucionario, instante l煤dico en la narraci贸n, inserci贸n personal del autor pues para muchos, Clappique representa al propio Malraux. Otros personajes como Katow, Hemmelrich o Ferral nos demuestran que 鈥減revio a una revoluci贸n se copula m谩s鈥�, y que 鈥渆xiste m谩s dolor en la tierra que estrellas en el cielo鈥�. Los personajes se mover谩n en la narraci贸n como en un tablero de ajedrez bajo el mandato de Malraux, el ajedrecista que combin贸 una trepidante narraci贸n con meditaciones pol铆ticas, preocupaciones sobre la condici贸n humana con una revoluci贸n en ciernes, y una trama personal enlazada a la historia colectiva. 鈥淟a Condici贸n Humana鈥� es un libro de tesis, procomunista o protrotskista, que idealiza la 鈥渞evoluci贸n鈥� al presentar como v铆ctimas a un grupo que de haber resultado vencedor hubiera ejecutado el papel de victimario. Sin embargo, 鈥淟a Condici贸n Humana鈥� tambi茅n es una obra que, en la bisagra del Siglo XX, nos proporciona una mirada profunda a los abismos de nuestra ef铆mera existencia. Leed con cuidado y sin fanatismos, recordemos que las revoluciones conducen a campos de concentraci贸n.
La novela narra un suceso crucial en la historia moderna de China, la masacre comunista de Shangh谩i de 1927 propiciada por el partido nacionalista Kuomintang en el marco de la guerra civil China, que durar铆a hasta 1949 cuando triunf贸 la revoluci贸n liderada por Mao Tse Tung. Varios personajes convergen, con sus ideales y demonios, para contar una historia polif贸nica en donde cada uno cumple su papel en el campo de batalla y en la reflexi贸n filos贸fica. La trama inicia con Chen, temeroso brazo armado de los comunistas que termina convertido, luego del primero y m谩s terrible asesinato, en un terrorista implacable, buscando la ocasi贸n perfecta para sacrificar su cuerpo arrojando una bomba en contra del l铆der Chiang Kai-shek. Chen, buscando un mundo diferente, dio sentido a su soledad convertido en criminal, en restos humanos calcinados sobre la calzada. Kyo es casi un prototipo de h茅roe rom谩ntico, disciplinado, de formaci贸n japonesa, se mov铆a de forma pr谩ctica y premeditada en pos de combatir las injusticias de este mundo, en pos de equilibrar la balanza y de que las personas recuperen en algo su dignidad. Se entreg贸, ciego al partido, form贸 escuadrones de obreros, milicias dispuestas al ataque, confabul贸, captur贸 armas, organiz贸 y se lanz贸 al ataque. Aunque vislumbr贸 la tradici贸n del Kuomintag; no previ贸 la 鈥渢ibieza鈥� de la Internacional ni las fragmentaciones internas de los comunistas; el destino, tr谩gico como nuestra humana condici贸n, lo llev贸 a la captura, al cadalso, al cianuro. Kyo se debati贸 entre el partido y su individualidad, decidi贸 una muerte digna, rechazando su salvaci贸n, uni茅ndose a sus camaradas en las horas finales. Chen y Kyo fueron hermanos de armas e ideales, escogieron caminos distintos para llegar a una muerte, digna s铆, pero fracaso al final. H茅roes tr谩gicos del devenir humano.
May es el 煤nico personaje femenino, encarnaci贸n del amor comprometido, que pone el cuerpo al servicio de la causa, que no ama al partido, sino al hambriento, que ama en alma y carne. Compa帽era de Kyo, sobreviviente, aprender谩 que no se vive por los muertos sino por los vivos, buscando un Mosc煤 la redenci贸n y la venganza. Gisors, padre de Kyo, es templanza, y resignaci贸n ante la adversidad, ayudado por el opio que aclara su juicio, se mantiene en actitud casi estoica en medio de la devastaci贸n; sus reflexiones amalgaman sabidur铆a y belleza: 鈥渘o existe conocimiento de los seres鈥�. El Bar贸n de Clappique es un personaje exc茅ntrico, vividor ex贸tico metido de nariz en el entresijo revolucionario, instante l煤dico en la narraci贸n, inserci贸n personal del autor pues para muchos, Clappique representa al propio Malraux. Otros personajes como Katow, Hemmelrich o Ferral nos demuestran que 鈥減revio a una revoluci贸n se copula m谩s鈥�, y que 鈥渆xiste m谩s dolor en la tierra que estrellas en el cielo鈥�. Los personajes se mover谩n en la narraci贸n como en un tablero de ajedrez bajo el mandato de Malraux, el ajedrecista que combin贸 una trepidante narraci贸n con meditaciones pol铆ticas, preocupaciones sobre la condici贸n humana con una revoluci贸n en ciernes, y una trama personal enlazada a la historia colectiva. 鈥淟a Condici贸n Humana鈥� es un libro de tesis, procomunista o protrotskista, que idealiza la 鈥渞evoluci贸n鈥� al presentar como v铆ctimas a un grupo que de haber resultado vencedor hubiera ejecutado el papel de victimario. Sin embargo, 鈥淟a Condici贸n Humana鈥� tambi茅n es una obra que, en la bisagra del Siglo XX, nos proporciona una mirada profunda a los abismos de nuestra ef铆mera existencia. Leed con cuidado y sin fanatismos, recordemos que las revoluciones conducen a campos de concentraci贸n.
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