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倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴: 禺卮賵賳鬲 賵 亘丕夭爻丕禺鬲賳 禺賵丿

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趩賴丕乇賲 跇賵卅蹖賴鈥屰� 郾酃酃郯 丿乇 噩賳賵亘 賮乇丕賳爻賴貙 賵賯鬲蹖 爻賵夭丕賳 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 亘賴 倬蹖丕丿賴鈥屫辟堐� 氐亘丨诏丕賴蹖 賲蹖鈥屫辟佖� 賲賴丕噩賲蹖 丕夭 倬卮鬲 亘賴 丕賵 丨賲賱賴 讴乇丿貙 爻禺鬲 讴鬲讴卮 夭丿貙 亘賴 丕賵 鬲噩丕賵夭 讴乇丿貙 禺賮賴鈥屫ж� 讴乇丿 賵 趩賵賳 丕賵 乇丕 賲乇丿賴 倬賳丿丕卮鬲貙 賴賲丕賳鈥屫� 乇賴丕蹖卮 讴乇丿.

爻賵夭丕賳 夭賳丿賴 賲丕賳丿貙 賵賱蹖 噩賴丕賳卮 賳丕亘賵丿 卮丿. 鈥� 鬲丨氐蹖賱丕鬲 賵 丿丕賳卮卮 丿乇 賮賱爻賮賴貙 倬爻 丕夭 丌賳 鬲賴丕噩賲貙 丿蹖诏乇 亘賴 讴丕乇卮 賳蹖丕賲丿 鬲丕 亘賴 噩賴丕賳卮 賲毓賳丕蹖蹖 亘亘禺卮丿貨 亘丕賵乇賴丕蹖 倬丕蹖賴鈥屫й� 丕賵 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 賲丕賴蹖鬲 禺賵丿 賵 噩賴丕賳 賮乇賵卮讴爻鬲.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵丕蹖鬲蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖貙 夭蹖亘丕 賵 噩爻賵乇丕賳賴 丕夭 賮乇丕蹖賳丿 亘賴亘賵丿 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 賵 倬跇賵賴卮 賮賱爻賮蹖 丕賵 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 鬲乇賵賲丕爻鬲貨 賲賵囟賵毓蹖 賲蹖丕賳鈥屫必簇団€屫й� 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 賲丕賴蹖鬲 賴賵蹖鬲貙 禺丕胤乇丕鬲貙 噩丕賲毓賴貙 賵 鬲乇賵賲丕. 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 卮乇丨 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丿乇 倬爻丕鈥屬佖ж官団€屰� 禺卮賵賳鬲 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 鬲毓乇囟 噩賳爻蹖貙 賴賵蹖鬲卮 賳丕亘賵丿 鈥屫簇� 賵 趩诏賵賳賴 讴賵卮蹖丿 鬲丕 丌賳 乇丕 丕夭 賳賵 亘爻丕夭丿.

184 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2001

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Susan J. Brison

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丿乇 賲賵乇丿 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 賲賴賲

讴鬲丕亘 倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴貙 禺卮賵賳鬲 賵 亘丕夭爻丕禺鬲賳 禺賵丿 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕 讴賲 丨噩賲 賵賱蹖 賮卮乇丿賴 賵 诏丕賴蹖 爻禺鬲 禺賵丕賳 賵 氐丿 丕賱亘鬲賴 賲賴賲 賵 禺賵丕賳丿賳蹖 丕爻鬲. 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 讴賴 丕爻鬲丕丿 賮賱爻賮賴 丿丕賳卮诏丕賴 丕爻鬲 丿乇 丿賴賴 賳賵丿 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 丕賯丿丕賲 亘賴 賯鬲賱 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟�. 丕蹖卮賵賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丨丕丿孬賴 噩丕賳 爻丕賱賲 亘賴 丿乇 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟� 賵 丨丿賵丿 丿賴 爻丕賱 倬爻 丕夭 丕賵賳 賵丕賯毓賴 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 賲賳鬲卮乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.. 丕賵 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 倬爻 丕夭 鬲毓乇蹖賮 讴乇丿賳 丕賵賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 丿賴卮鬲賳丕讴 亘丕 丿蹖丿 賮賱爻賮蹖 亘賴 讴賳丿 賵 讴丕賵 賯囟蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж操�.. 讴鬲丕亘 趩賳丿 賵噩賴蹖 丕爻鬲 賵 賲賵囟賵毓丕鬲 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳蹖 乇賵 丿乇 亘乇賲蹖鈥屭屫辟�. 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿賴 丕夭 丕亘毓丕丿 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳 賯囟蹖賴 乇賵 亘乇乇爻蹖 讴賳賴.讴鬲丕亘蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 丌乇丕賲 賵 亘丕 胤賲丕賳蹖賳賴 禺賵丕賳丿賴 亘卮賴.賲賳 賲胤賲卅賳賲 丿乇 丿賮毓丕鬲 亘毓丿蹖 賲胤丕賱毓賴 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 賲胤丕賱亘 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 乇賵 亘賮賴賲賲 賵 丨乇賮 鬲丕夭賴鈥屫й� 乇賵 賲鬲賵噩賴 亘卮賲.

禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 倬爻 丕夭 诏賮鬲賳 賵 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賳 丕夭 丨爻 賵 丨丕賱 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 亘賵丿賳 賵 鬲丕讴蹖丿 亘賴 丿蹖丿賳 賵 卮賳蹖丿賳 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賯囟蹖賴 鬲丕讴蹖丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.丕賵 賲毓鬲賯丿賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕賵賱 卮禺氐蹖 讴賴 丕夭 鬲乇賵賲丕賴丕 诏賮鬲賴 賲蹖卮賴 亘丕 乇毓丕蹖鬲 卮乇丕蹖胤蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 丨丕卅夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲賴 賵 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 丿乇 乇賵賳丿 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 卮禺氐 讴賲讴 卮丕蹖丕賳蹖 亘讴賳賴. 卮丕蹖丿 丕蹖賳噩丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 丕蹖賳 鬲賱賳诏乇 夭丿賴 亘卮賴 讴賴 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賳賴 賯乇亘丕賳蹖貙 亘賱讴賴 讴爻蹖 讴賴 賳夭丿蹖讴蹖 蹖丕 毓夭蹖夭蹖 丕夭 賲丕 丿趩丕乇 鬲乇賵賲丕 亘卮賴貙 丨丕囟乇 亘賴 卮賳蹖丿賳 賵 诏賵卮 噩丕賳 爻倬乇丿賳 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 鬲賱禺 丕賵 賴爻鬲蹖賲責 蹖丕 爻乇蹖毓丕 卮乇賵毓 亘賴 倬蹖丿丕 讴乇丿賳 乇蹖卮賴 鬲賯氐蹖乇 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 鬲賱禺 丿乇 賮乇丿 賵 卮賲丕鬲鬲 賵 賳讴賵賴卮 丕賵 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж槽屬呚� 丌蹖丕 賴賲賵賳 丕賳丿丕夭賴 讴賴 賮乇丿 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 賲賵乇丿 爻乇夭賳卮 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖诏蹖乇賴 讴賴 丕诏乇 亘賴鬲乇 賱亘丕爻 賲蹖倬賵卮蹖丿蹖貙 賵 賲孬賱丕 噩蹖賳 鬲賳诏 賳賲蹖鈥屬举堌篡屫� 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 亘乇丕鬲 賲蹖鈥屫з佖ж� 賲鬲賵噩賴 丕蹖賳 賯囟蹖賴 賴爻鬲蹖賲 讴賴 丕賵賳 賮乇丿 賳蹖丕夭 亘賴 卮賳蹖丿賴 卮丿賳 丿丕乇賴責 鬲賵 噩丕賲毓賴 禺賵丿賲賵賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 鬲丕爻賮 亘乇丕賳诏蹖夭鬲乇蹖賳 賲爻丕卅賱蹖 讴賴 賲蹖亘蹖賳賲 賵 賲蹖卮賳賵賲 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 丨乇賮 丕夭 賳讴賵賴卮 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 讴賲鬲乇 夭丿賴 賲蹖卮賴.丕賳诏丕乇 讴賴 鬲噩丕賵夭 蹖讴 賮毓賱 毓丕丿蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 賴乇 丨丕賱 乇禺 賲蹖丿賴 賵 亘賴鬲乇賴 賮乇丿 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 诏乇賮鬲賴 賲乇丕賯亘 亘丕卮賴..亘丨孬 賲乇丕賯亘鬲 賵 丌诏丕賴蹖 爻乇 噩丕卮 賵賱蹖 丕賳诏卮鬲 卮賲丕鬲鬲 賵 賳讴賵賴卮 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 爻賲鬲 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 亘丕卮賴 賳賴 讴爻蹖 讴賴 丿乇诏蹖乇 鬲乇賵賲丕 卮丿賴 賵 丨丕賱丕 賲蹖禺賵丕丿 丕丿丕賲賴 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫ж� 乇賵 亘丕 丕蹖賳 鬲乇賵賲丕蹖 丿賴卮鬲賳丕讴 爻倬乇蹖 讴賳賴. 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 賴賲 丕卮丕乇賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 賴賵蹖鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 趩賳丿 賵噩賴蹖 亘賵丿賳 賲胤丕賱亘 讴賴 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴卮賵賳 丕卮丕乇賴 讴乇丿賴貙 賲毓鬲賯丿賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 丕爻鬲.賳賴 賮賯胤 讴爻蹖 讴賴 丿趩丕乇 鬲乇賵賲丕 卮丿賴 賵 賳蹖丕夭 亘賴 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 丿丕乇賴.丕賵賳蹖 賴賲 讴賴 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 乇賵 倬卮鬲 卮乇 賳诏匕丕卮鬲賴貙 丕賵賳蹖 賴賲 讴賴 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳卮 丿趩丕乇 卮丿賳丿 賵 賴乇 讴爻蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丿賳蹖丕蹖 亘蹖 賯丕毓丿賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕卮 賲賮蹖丿 亘丕卮賴. 丕賱亘鬲賴 賲賳 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲 丿乇 亘丨孬 鬲噩丕賵夭 胤賵乇蹖 丨乇賮 夭丿賴 賳卮賴 讴賴 賮賯胤 夭賳賴丕 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀�.亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇貙 夭賳賴丕 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 诏夭丕乇賴 丿乇爻鬲 鬲乇蹖 賴爻鬲貨 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 賴爻鬲賳丿 倬爻乇賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟嗀� 賵 丕鬲賮丕賯丕 亘乇丕蹖 丕賵賳賴丕 丨乇賮 夭丿賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 爻禺鬲 鬲乇 賴賲 賴爻鬲.


丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘 :
丕讴賳賵賳 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 丕賳 噩賲賱賴 乇丕賴賳賲丕蹖 诏乇賵賴 丨賲丕蹖鬲蹖 鬲噩丕賵夭賲 讴賴 诏賮鬲賴 亘賵丿 芦 鬲賵 賴乇诏夭 賲孬賱 賯亘賱 賳賲蹖卮賵蹖貙 丕賲丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗃� 亘賴鬲乇 丕夭 賯亘賱 亘卮賵蹖禄 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀屫促呚� 賮讴乇 讴賳賲 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 丌賳 賲賵丕賮賯 亘丕卮賲. 賳賴 芦 亘賴鬲乇禄 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賲毓賳蹖 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 爻丕夭诏丕乇鬲乇貙 鬲丨鬲 讴賳鬲乇賱 賵 倬蹖卮鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃� 倬匕蹖乇鬲乇蹖 丿丕乇賲貨 芦 亘賴鬲乇蹖禄 讴賴 丨丕氐賱 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賴鈥屫з� 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 丿乇 丨丕賱 诏賮鬲賳 賵 亘丕夭诏賮鬲賳 丕爻鬲 賵 賮乇丿 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 讴賳鬲乇賱 亘乇 丌賳 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿.
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賴蹖爻! 丿禺鬲乇賴丕 賮乇蹖丕丿 賳賲蹖鈥屫操嗁嗀�.
蹖丕
趩诏賵賳賴 賲乇丿爻丕賱丕乇蹖 爻讴賵鬲 乇丕 亘賴 丕爻賲 丨蹖丕 亘賴 噩賴丕賳 賯丕賱亘 讴乇丿.

讴賲鬲乇 夭賳 賵 丿禺鬲乇蹖 賴爻鬲 讴賴 蹖讴 賳賵毓蹖 丕夭 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 丌夭丕乇 噩賳爻蹖 乇賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 賳讴乇丿賴 亘丕卮賴貨 丕夭 卮賳蹖丿賳 賲鬲賱讴 噩賳爻蹖 賵 亘丿賵賳 丕噩丕夭賴 賱賲爻 卮丿賳 鬲丕 乇丕亘胤賴 噩賳爻蹖 賳丕禺賵丕爻鬲賴 亘丕 賴賲爻乇 賵 丕賳賵丕毓 卮丿蹖丿鬲乇. 丕賲丕 丕睾賱亘 丕蹖賳 丌夭丕乇賴丕 賴蹖趩賵賯鬲 诏夭丕乇卮 賳賲蹖卮賳 賵 丨乇賮蹖 丕夭卮賵賳 夭丿賴 賳賲蹖卮賴貙 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 禺丕胤乇 賵 亘禺丕胤乇 毓丿賲 丕乇丕卅賴 鬲毓乇蹖賮 丿賯蹖賯 丕夭 鬲噩丕賵夭貙 賴蹖趩 丌賲丕乇 乇爻賲蹖 賵 賲毓鬲亘乇蹖 丕夭 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴. 亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 亘丕 鬲毓丿丕丿 夭蹖丕丿蹖 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 鬲乇丕賲丕鬲丕蹖夭 卮丿賴 胤乇賮蹖賲 讴賴 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 亘賴 丿乇賲丕賳 丿爻鬲乇爻蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿 亘賱讴賴 丕氐賱丕 賯丕丿乇 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丌賳趩賴 讴賴 亘賴 爻乇卮賵賳 丕賵賲丿賴 賵 卮讴丕蹖鬲 丕夭 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 賴賲 賳蹖爻鬲賳.

丨乇賮 夭丿賳 丕夭 鬲乇賵賲丕 賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 鬲乇丕賲丕鬲蹖讴貙 亘乇丕蹖 丕睾賱亘 丕賮乇丕丿貙 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲乇爻 丕夭 賯囟丕賵鬲 卮丿賳貙 亘丿 賮賴賲蹖丿賴 卮丿賳貙 丿乇讴 賳卮丿賳 賵 蹖丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賴 卮丿賳貙 丿卮賵丕乇鬲乇蹖賳 亘禺卮 诏匕丕乇 丕夭 倬蹖 鬲蹖 丕爻 丿蹖 賴爻鬲卮. 趩賴 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 鬲氐丕丿賮 亘丕卮賴貙 蹖丕 丿乇 丕孬乇 賲乇诏 毓夭蹖夭丕賳貙 賵 蹖丕 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 禺卮賵賳鬲 噩賳爻蹖 丕鬲賮丕賯 亘蹖賮鬲賴貙 丿乇 賴乇 氐賵乇鬲貙 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 亘乇丕蹖 诏匕丕乇 丕夭 亘丨乇丕賳 賳蹖丕夭 丿丕乇賴 鬲丕 丿乇亘丕乇賴 丌賳趩賴 讴賴 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴乇丿賴貙 丕丨爻丕爻 讴乇丿賴貙 丿蹖丿賴 賵 卮賳蹖丿賴貙 氐丨亘鬲 讴賳賴 鬲丕 亘賵爻蹖賱賴 丕蹖賳 亘丕夭鬲毓乇蹖賮 讴乇丿賳 賵賯丕蹖毓貙 鬲讴賴 倬丕乇賴 賴丕蹖 賵噩賵丿 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 倬蹖丿丕貙 亘賴 賴賲 賲鬲氐賱 賵 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 讴賳賴. 丕蹖賳 賮乇丕蹖賳丿 亘丕夭诏卮鬲 亘賴 禺賵丿 賵 鬲乇賲蹖賲 乇賵丨蹖貙 噩夭 亘丕 乇賵丕蹖鬲 鬲噩乇亘賴 鬲乇丕賲丕鬲蹖讴 丕賲讴丕賳 倬匕蹖乇 賳蹖爻鬲.
丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴乇丿賳貙 亘乇丕蹖 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 禺卮賵賳鬲 噩賳爻蹖貙 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 丌賳趩賴 讴賴 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 诏賮鬲賴 卮丿 丿卮賵丕乇鬲乇賴貨 毓賱丕賵賴 亘乇 丕蹖賳讴賴 丕蹖賳 丕賮乇丕丿 丕睾賱亘 丿乇 趩賳蹖賳 賲賵丕乇丿蹖貙 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 爻乇夭賳卮诏乇 賵 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 賲丕賳毓 亘賴亘賵丿蹖 禺賵丿 賴爻鬲賳丿.

丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 芦倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴禄貙 禺丕賳賲 芦爻賵夭丕賳 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳禄貙 亘丕 乇賵丕蹖鬲 鬲噩乇亘賴 禺賵丿卮 丕夭 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵丕賯毓 卮丿賳貙 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕 讴卮鬲賴 卮丿賳貙 賵 賲乇丕丨賱 诏匕丕乇 丕夭 亘丨乇丕賳 乇賵丨蹖 賵 噩爻賲蹖 倬爻 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賮丕噩毓賴貙 亘乇 鬲丕孬蹖乇 卮賮丕亘禺卮 芦乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴乇丿賳 禄 賵 丕乇夭卮 芦亘丕夭 鬲毓乇蹖賮 讴乇丿賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 鬲乇賵賲丕鬲蹖讴禄 鬲丕讴蹖丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.
芦倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴禄 讴鬲丕亘蹖賴 讴賴 亘丕 乇賵丕蹖鬲蹖 毓賲蹖賯 賵 賴賲丿賱丕賳賴 亘賴 亘乇乇爻蹖 鬲丕孬蹖乇丕鬲 賲禺乇亘 賵 賲丕賳丿诏丕乇 禺卮賵賳鬲 賵 賮噩丕蹖毓 亘乇 丕賮乇丕丿貙 亘賴鈥屬堐屭樫� 夭賳丕賳貙 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж操�. 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 (賲丿乇爻 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲 噩賳爻蹖鬲) 亘丕 鬲乇讴蹖亘 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 卮禺氐蹖 禺賵丿卮 賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱鈥屬囏й� 賮賱爻賮蹖貙 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿賴 亘賴 丿乇讴 乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж� 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥� 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 禺卮賵賳鬲 亘乇爻賴 賵 亘賴 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳 讴賲讴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 鬲丕 丿乇讴 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫臂� 丕夭 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏� 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳. 丕賵 亘丕 氐丿丕賯鬲蹖 亘丕賵乇賳讴乇丿賳蹖 亘賴 賵丕讴賳卮鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賳蹖 賵 亘丨乇丕賳鈥屬囏й� 賴賵蹖鬲蹖 禺賵丿卮 倬爻 丕夭 賮丕噩毓賴 丕蹖 讴賴 丕夭 爻乇 诏匕乇賵賳丿賴 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 賵 賳卮賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丿乇丿 賵 乇賳噩貙 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 賮乇丿 乇賵 亘賴 爻賲鬲蹖 爻賵賯 亘丿賴 讴賴 丿爻鬲 亘賴 亘丕夭賳诏乇蹖 禺賵丿 賵 丕乇夭卮鈥屬囏ж� 亘夭賳賴.
爻亘讴 賳诏丕乇卮 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳貙 氐乇蹖丨貙 氐丕丿賯丕賳賴 賵 丕丨爻丕爻蹖賴 賵 亘乇 倬丕蹖賴鈥� 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏й� 賵丕賯毓蹖 賵 丿乇丿賳丕讴 禺賵丿 亘賳丕 卮丿賴.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 賳馗乇 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻鬲蹖 賴賲 丕乇夭卮 賵蹖跇賴 丿丕乇賴貙 趩賵賳 亘賴 毓賲賯 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏й� 夭蹖爻鬲賴鈥� 夭賳丕賳 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 禺卮賵賳鬲 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 賵 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 氐丿丕蹖 丕賵賳丕 乇賵 丿乇 噩丕賲毓賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 丕睾賱亘 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏� 乇賵 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟囏� 亘賴 诏賵卮 亘乇爻賵賳賴. 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 亘丕 鬲兀讴蹖丿 亘乇 賲爻丕卅賱蹖 賲孬賱 鬲噩丕賵夭貙 禺卮賵賳鬲 禺丕賳诏蹖貙 賵 亘丨乇丕賳鈥屬囏й� 賴賵蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕蹖賳 賮噩丕蹖毓 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丕賳 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖鈥屫促囏� 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 賮乇賴賳诏蹖 乇賵 讴賴 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 乇賵 亘賴 丕賳夭賵丕 賵 爻讴賵鬲 賲噩亘賵乇 讴乇丿賴貙 賳賯丿 賲蹖讴賳賴. 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 丿賱蹖賱 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賳賯卮 賲賴賲蹖 丿乇 賲胤乇丨鈥� 讴乇丿賳 賲爻卅賱賴鈥� 禺卮賵賳鬲 噩賳爻蹖鬲蹖 賵 倬蹖丕賲丿賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賳蹖 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 丕賵賳 丿丕乇賴.
丕夭 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻鬲蹖貙 倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴 丕乇夭卮鈥屬囏й屰� 賲孬賱 鬲賵丕賳賲賳丿爻丕夭蹖 賵 亘丕夭蹖丕亘蹖 賯丿乇鬲 卮禺氐蹖 夭賳丕賳 倬爻 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥� 禺卮賵賳鬲 乇賵 賲胤乇丨 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 亘乇禺賱丕賮 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲毓賲賵賱 讴賴 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 乇賵 丕賮乇丕丿蹖 囟毓蹖賮 賵 亘蹖鈥屫佖ж� 鬲氐賵蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 亘賴 倬鬲丕賳爻蹖賱 賵 賯丿乇鬲 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕賵賳賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 禺賵丿 鬲兀讴蹖丿 丿丕乇賴 賵 夭賳丕賳 乇賵 丕夭 賯丕賱亘 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 賲賳賮毓賱 亘賴 丕賮乇丕丿蹖 倬賵蹖丕 賵 鬲賵丕賳賲賳丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屫�. 丕蹖賳 賳诏丕賴 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻鬲蹖 亘賴 鬲賵丕賳賲賳丿爻丕夭蹖貙 丕乇夭卮 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 丿乇 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻鬲蹖 賵 噩賳亘卮鈥屬囏й� 丨賯賵賯 夭賳丕賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.
賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丕蹖卮賵賳 亘賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 賯丿乇鬲 賵 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 丕蹖 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж操� 讴賴 亘賴 禺卮賵賳鬲 毓賱蹖賴 夭賳丕賳 丿丕賲賳 賲蹖鈥屫操嗁�. 丕賵 亘丕 賳诏丕賴蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 亘賴 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 賲乇丿爻丕賱丕乇丕賳賴 噩丕賲毓賴 賳诏丕賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 丕睾賱亘 亘丕 爻讴賵鬲 賵 蹖丕 亘蹖鈥屫堌囒� 亘賴 丿乇丿 賵 乇賳噩 夭賳丕賳貙 亘賴 亘丕夭鬲賵賱蹖丿 禺卮賵賳鬲 讴賲讴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�.
亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 亘丕 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丕夭 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 丕夭 夭賳丕賳 賯乇亘丕賳蹖貙 亘賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂� 丕夭 賲賮賴賵賲 亘丿賳 賵 鬲兀孬蹖乇丕鬲 禺卮賵賳鬲 亘乇 丨爻 禺賵丿 賵 賴賵蹖鬲 賮乇丿 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж操� 賵 賳卮賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫� 讴賴 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 禺卮賵賳鬲 趩胤賵乇 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 鬲氐賵乇 丕夭 亘丿賳 賵 賴賵蹖鬲 賮乇丿 乇賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 亘丿賴.

芦倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴禄 亘賴 丿賱丕蹖賱 夭蹖丕丿蹖 讴鬲丕亘 賲賴賲 賵 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿蹖賴. 丕夭 噩賲賱賴 丕蹖賳讴賴:
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 丨賵夭賴 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻賲 氐丿丕蹖蹖 鬲丕夭賴 賵 賴賲鈥屫勜з嗁� 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丕賳 賮乇丕賴賲 讴乇丿賴 賵 亘乇 丕蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 鬲兀讴蹖丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿賳 賵 丿乇讴 鬲噩乇亘蹖丕鬲 夭蹖爻鬲賴鈥� 夭賳丕賳 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 禺卮賵賳鬲 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇丕鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 囟乇賵乇蹖賴.
賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賲賳亘毓蹖 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕賳蹖賴 讴賴 亘賴 賲胤丕賱毓賴 丿乇亘丕乇賴 丨賯賵賯 夭賳丕賳貙 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻鬲貙 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕爻蹖 鬲乇賵賲丕貙 賵 噩丕賲毓賴 卮賳丕爻蹖 毓賱丕賯賲賳丿 丕賳 賵 賲賮蹖丿賴 亘乇丕蹖 賴乇 讴爻 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丿乇讴蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫� 丕夭 禺卮賵賳鬲 噩賳爻蹖鬲蹖 賵 賮乇丌蹖賳丿 亘丕夭蹖丕亘蹖 亘丕卮賴.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 賲蹖卮賴 賴賲 丕孬乇蹖 丌诏丕賴蹖鈥屫ㄘ篡� 賵 賴賲 賲鬲賳蹖 丕賱賴丕賲鈥屫ㄘ� 丿乇 賳馗乇 诏乇賮鬲 讴賴 亘賴 賯丿乇鬲 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕賮乇丕丿 亘乇丕蹖 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 賴賵蹖鬲鈥屫促堎� 倬爻 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屬囏й� 爻禺鬲 鬲丕讴蹖丿 丿丕乇賴. 賵 讴鬲丕亘蹖賴 讴賴 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳 毓賱丕賯賴鈥屬呝嗀� 亘賴 賲賵囟賵毓丕鬲 乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж屫� 賮賲蹖賳蹖爻賲 賵 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 乇賵 賴賲夭賲丕賳 賵 噩丿丕诏丕賳賴 乇丕囟蹖 賳诏賴 賲蹖丿丕乇賴.
卮丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳貙 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲賲乇讴夭 夭蹖丕丿 亘乇 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賵 噩夭卅蹖丕鬲 毓丕胤賮蹖貙 讴賲蹖 讴賳丿 賵 鬲讴乇丕乇蹖 亘賳馗乇 亘蹖丕丿 丕賲丕 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱貙 丿蹖丿诏丕賴鈥屬囏й� 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 丕卮 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 賳賴丕丿賴丕蹖 丨賲丕蹖鬲蹖 丕夭 噩賲賱賴 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴貙 丿賵爻鬲丕賳貙 爻丕夭賲丕賳 賴丕蹖 丿賵賱鬲蹖貙 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 鬲丕賲賱鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫� 賵 丿乇賳鬲蹖噩賴 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丌賮乇蹖賳 亘丕卮賴.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丿乇 亘丨孬鈥屬囏й� 賲乇亘賵胤 亘賴 丨賯賵賯 亘卮乇 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 禺丕氐蹖 丿丕乇賴. 禺丕賳賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 亘丕 鬲丕讴蹖丿 亘乇 丕賴賲蹖鬲 卮賳蹖丿賴 卮丿賳 氐丿丕蹖 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳 賵 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 丌爻蹖亘鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賳蹖 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 丕賵賳賴丕貙 賳賴丕丿賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 乇賵 亘賴 趩丕賱卮 賲蹖讴卮賴. 丕賵賳 賲毓鬲賯丿賴 讴賴 噩丕賲毓賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴鈥屫й� 爻乇夭賳卮 賯乇亘丕賳蹖丕賳貙 亘賴 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 卮賵賳 讴賲讴 讴賳賴. 丕蹖賳 賳诏丕賴 賳賯丕丿丕賳賴貙 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘賴 賲乇噩毓蹖 亘乇丕蹖 亘丨孬鈥屬囏й� 爻蹖丕爻鬲鈥屭柏ж臂� 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 賳賴丕丿賴丕蹖 丨賲丕蹖鬲蹖 鬲亘丿蹖賱 讴賳賴.

賵 丕诏乇 亘禺賵丕賲 亘賴 毓賱鬲 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩乇丕 亘丕 鬲賲丕賲 丕蹖賳 賵蹖跇诏蹖 賴丕 亘賴卮 倬賳噩 爻鬲丕乇賴 賳賲蹖丿賲 賴賲 丕卮丕乇賴 讴賳賲貨 亘丕蹖丿 亘诏賲 亘賴 丕蹖賳 禺丕胤乇賴 讴賴 亘賳馗乇賲 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 丿乇诏蹖乇 蹖讴 賳賵毓 丕夭 讴賱蹖卮賴 噩賳爻蹖鬲蹖 丿乇賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 卮丿賴 讴賴 賳诏丕賴 丕賵賳 乇賵 亘賴 噩賳爻蹖鬲 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 賲丨丿賵丿 讴乇丿賴. 亘賴 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 亘賳馗乇 賲蹖乇爻賴 丕夭 賳馗乇 丕蹖卮賵賳貙 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 賮賯胤 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 蹖讴 賲乇丿 丕爻鬲乇蹖鬲 賵 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 蹖讴 夭賳 亘丕卮賴.
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丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 丕夭 毓賱蹖 毓夭蹖夭 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲禺賵丕賳蹖 賵 賴賲 氐丨亘鬲蹖 倬乇亘丕乇 賵 氐亘賵乇蹖卮 鬲卮讴乇 賲蹖讴賳賲 賵 亘賴 賴賲賴 禺蹖賱蹖 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 鬲賵蹖 亘乇賳丕賲賴 賲胤丕賱毓賴 卮賵賳 賯乇丕乇 亘丿賳.
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November 9, 2024
鬲氐賵乇卮 乇賵 亘讴賳蹖丿 鬲賵 蹖賴 乇賵夭 賯卮賳诏 丿丕乇蹖丿 鬲賵 蹖賴 噩丕丿賴 乇賵爻鬲丕蹖蹖 賯丿賲 賲蹖鈥屫操嗃屫� 賵 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 賯卮賳诏賴. 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲 禺賵亘蹖 丿丕乇蹖丿貙 賴賲爻乇 禺賵亘蹖 丿丕乇蹖丿貙 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵丕賱 賯卮賳诏 賵 乇賵卮賳蹖 丿丕乇賴 賵 丿丕乇蹖丿 丕夭 乇賵夭鬲賵賳 賱锟斤拷鬲 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ臂屫�. 賲賵賯毓 倬蹖丕丿賴鈥屫辟堐� 賵 睾乇賯 卮丿賳 鬲賵蹖 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖 乇賵夭 蹖賴 丿賮毓賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 倬卮鬲 卮賲丕 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟� 賵 賲蹖鈥屫操嗁�. 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟� 蹖賴 诏賵卮賴 賵 亘賴鬲賵賳 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 讴鬲讴鬲賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫操嗁� 賵 賯氐丿 讴卮鬲賳 卮賲丕 乇賵 丿丕乇賴. 賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 禺蹖丕賱 禺賵丿卮 丕賳賯丿乇 卮賲丕 乇賵 锟斤拷賳賯丿乇 夭丿賴 讴賴 丿蹖诏賴 丕賲蹖丿蹖 亘賴 夭賳丿賴 賲賵賳丿賳鬲賵賳 賳蹖爻鬲 卮賲丕 乇賵 蹖賴 诏賵卮賴 賵賱 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵 賮乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 賵賱蹖 卮賲丕 夭賳丿賴 賲蹖鈥屬呝堎嗃屫�. 卮賲丕 亘賱賳丿 賲蹖鈥屫篡屫� 賵 诏蹖噩 賵 丿丕睾賵賳 賵丨卮鬲鈥屫藏� 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賲讴 賲蹖鈥屭必屫�.
鬲氐賵乇卮 讴乇丿蹖丿責 丕诏賴 鬲丕 丕蹖賳噩丕卮 乇賵 鬲氐賵乇卮 讴乇丿蹖丿貙 丨丕賱丕 鬲氐賵乇 讴賳蹖丿 趩胤賵乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堌й屫� 丕丿丕賲賴 亘丿蹖丿責 趩胤賵乇蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屫� 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫堎� 趩賴 卮讴賱蹖 賲蹖卮賴責 乇丕亘胤賴鈥屫堎� 亘丕 丕賮乇丕丿貙 丿蹖丿鬲賵賳 賳爻亘鬲 丌丿賲丕 趩賴 賲丿賱蹖 賲蹖卮賴責 亘賴 毓賵丕賯亘 丕蹖賳 丨丕丿孬賴 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖丿.

倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴 蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘 讴賵鬲丕賴 丕夭 爻賵夭丕賳 噩蹖. 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳賴 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丕賵賳 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屰� 禺賵丿卮 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 鬲毓乇囟 賲蹖诏賴.
爻賵夭丕賳 亘乇丕蹖爻賵賳 蹖賴 丕爻鬲丕丿 賮賱爻賮賴 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 蹖賴 乇賵爻鬲丕 丿乇 賮乇丕賳爻賴 丕賵賳 丨丕丿孬賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 亘丕賱丕 賳賵卮鬲賲 亘乇丕卮 丕鬲賮丕賯 賲蹖賵賮鬲賴 賵 亘毓丿 丕夭 趩賳丿 爻丕賱 鬲賱丕卮 賵 趩賳诏 夭丿賳 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 讴鬲丕亘 倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴 乇賵 賲蹖鈥屬嗁堐屫迟� 賵 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屰� 夭蹖爻鬲賴 禺賵丿卮 賲蹖诏賴. 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 趩賴 丕丨爻丕爻蹖 丿丕卮鬲賴 賵 趩胤賵乇蹖 鬲賵賳爻鬲賴 讴賲 讴賲貙 讴賲蹖 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘乇诏乇丿賴.

丿乇 夭賲蹖賳賴鈥屰� 丨爻賳鈥屬囏� 賵 毓蹖亘鈥屬囏й� 讴鬲丕亘 趩賳丿 鬲丕 賳讴鬲賴 賴爻鬲 讴賴 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇賲 亘賴卮賵賳 丕卮丕乇賴 讴賳賲:

丕賵賱 丕夭 賴賲賴 禺賵亘蹖鈥屬囏�
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 讴鬲丕亘 鬲讴丕賳鈥屫囐嗀団€屫й屬�
噩賵乇蹖 讴賴 卮賲丕 乇賵 賲爻鬲賯蹖賲 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟� 亘賴 丿賱 鬲噩乇亘蹖丕鬲蹖 讴賴 賮乇丿 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賯乇丕乇 诏乇賮鬲賴 丨爻卮 讴乇丿賴. 丕夭 亘蹖 丕毓鬲賲丕丿蹖 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕胤乇丕賮 賲蹖诏賴. 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賳 毓丕丿蹖 賴賲 賵丕爻鬲 爻禺鬲 賲蹖卮賴 賵 亘丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 賴乇 趩蹖夭蹖 趩賳诏 亘夭賳蹖 賵 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳蹖 鬲丕 賮賯胤 亘鬲賵賳蹖 亘賴 乇賵鬲蹖賳 毓丕丿蹖 亘乇诏乇丿蹖. 丕賵賳賲 丕诏賴 亘鬲賵賳蹖.
倬爻 丕夭 丕蹖賳 噩賴鬲 讴鬲丕亘 鬲丕孬蹖乇诏匕丕乇蹖賴.

丿乇 賲賵乇丿 毓蹖亘鈥屬囏й� 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖卮賴 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賯囟蹖賴 丕卮丕乇賴 讴乇丿 讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 乇賵丕蹖鬲 禺賵丿卮 趩蹖夭蹖 丕乇丕卅賴 賳賲蹖丿賴. 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 賴賲賴鈥屸€屰� 噩賳亘賴鈥屬囏� 乇賵 倬賵卮卮 賳賲蹖丿賴 賵 賴賲蹖賳 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖卮賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘蹖卮鬲乇 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬嗂ж臂� 賮乇丿蹖 卮亘蹖賴 亘丕卮賴 鬲丕 蹖賴 丕孬乇 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 丕孬乇丕鬲 丕賵賳. 賵 禺亘 乇丕賴鈥屫勨€屬囏й屰� 賴賲 讴賴 賲胤乇丨 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 禺賵亘 賴爻鬲賳 賵賱蹖 賵賯鬲蹖 倬丕蹖 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲胤乇丨 賲蹖卮賴 賯囟蹖賴 噩賵乇 丿蹖诏賴鈥屫й屬� 賵 賳賲蹖卮賴 氐乇賮丕 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 乇丕賴鈥屫勨€屬囏й屰� 讴賴 賲蹖丿賴 丕讴鬲賮丕 讴乇丿(讴賱丕爻 丿賮丕毓 卮禺氐蹖 賵 鬲賴蹖賴 爻乇賵蹖爻 賲禺氐賵氐 亘乇丕蹖 亘丕賳賵丕賳 賵 丕賲孬丕賱 賴賲).
賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賴 讴賱 讴鬲丕亘 賮賯胤 賲鬲賲乇讴夭 乇賵蹖 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲乇丿 亘賴 夭賳賴 賵 趩蹖夭蹖 乇丕噩毓 鬲噩丕賵夭 夭賳 亘賴 賲乇丿 蹖丕 賲乇丿 亘賴 賲乇丿 蹖丕 夭賳 亘賴 夭賳 賳丿丕乇賴. 賲賳 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 丿乇讴 讴賳賲 趩乇丕 鬲賵蹖 趩賳蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓鈥屬囏� 賳倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 賵賱蹖 賯囟蹖賴 噩賵乇蹖賴 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 丕夭 賳馗乇 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕蹖賳 鬲噩丕賵夭賴丕 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴 賵 賮賯胤 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲乇丿 亘賴 夭賳賴 讴賴 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴.

丿乇 讴賱 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵亘蹖賴 亘乇丕蹖 卮乇賵毓 賲胤丕賱毓賴 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 夭賲蹖賳賴 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 讴賲蹖 丕賲蹖丿亘禺卮.
賲賲賳賵賳賲 丕夭 乇賵蹖丕 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿 賵 乇丕噩毓卮 亘丨孬 讴乇丿蹖賲 賵 鬲賵蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 趩蹖夭丕 乇賵卮賳賲 讴乇丿.

蹖賴 趩蹖夭蹖 賴賲 亘诏賲 丌禺乇 乇蹖賵蹖賵
鬲噩丕賵夭 賮賯胤 爻讴爻 夭賵乇蹖 賳蹖爻鬲
賴乇 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 胤乇賮 賲賯丕亘賱 乇賵 丕匕蹖鬲 讴賳賴 賵 丕夭卮 乇丕囟蹖 賳亘丕卮賴 鬲噩丕賵夭賴.
丕蹖賳讴賴 蹖讴蹖 乇賵 丿爻鬲賲丕賱蹖 讴賳蹖
丕蹖賳讴賴 噩賵乇 禺丕氐蹖 亘丕 蹖賴 賳賮乇 丿爻鬲 亘丿蹖
丨鬲蹖 丕蹖賳讴賴 蹖讴蹖 乇賵 噩賵乇 禺丕氐蹖 賳诏丕賴 讴賳蹖 賴賲 鬲噩丕賵夭賴
卮丕蹖丿 丕賱丕賳 亘丕 禺賵丿鬲 亘诏蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 爻禺鬲鈥屭屫必з嗁団€屫�. 丨丿丕賯賱 賲賵乇丿 丌禺乇卮. 賯亘賵賱 丿丕乇賲 賵賱蹖 亘丕蹖丿 爻禺鬲诏蹖乇丕賳賴 亘丕卮賴. 鬲噩丕賵夭 賲賵囟賵毓 爻丕丿賴鈥屫й� 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 亘丕蹖丿 丿乇 賲賵乇丿卮 賴賲賴 噩賵乇賴 爻禺鬲鈥屭屫臂� 亘丕卮賴.
Profile Image for Nilo0.
548 reviews119 followers
September 2, 2024
倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴 讴鬲丕亘蹖賴 讴賴 賲孬賱 丕爻賲卮 丨丕賵蹖 賵賯丕蹖毓 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴賴. 鬲噩丕賵夭 賵 丕賯丿丕賲 亘賴 賯鬲賱 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 讴賴 噩賵賳 爻丕賱賲 亘賴 丿乇 亘乇丿賴 丕賲丕 鬲乇賵賲丕蹖 丨丕氐賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 鬲賱禺 賵 丿乇丿賳丕讴 賵 鬲丕孬蹖乇卮 賴賲蹖卮賴 鬲賵 夭賳丿诏蹖卮 亘丕賯蹖 賲賵賳丿賴 賵 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賮賱爻賮蹖 鬲噩乇亘賴 禺賵丿卮 賵 丿乇 讴賱 鬲乇賵賲丕 乇賵 亘乇乇卮蹖 讴乇丿賴.
蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘 睾賳蹖貙 倬乇亘丕乇 賵 丌诏丕賴蹖鈥屫ㄘ� 丕夭 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 禺卮賵賳鬲 噩丕賲毓賴 讴賴 鬲賲丕蹖賱 丿丕乇蹖賲 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 亘诏蹖乇蹖賲 鬲丕 亘鬲賵賳蹖賲 丿乇 丕蹖賳 鬲賵賴賲 讴賴 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕 毓丿丕賱鬲 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖賲賵賳 丕丿丕賲賴 亘丿蹖賲. 睾丕賮賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴 賴乇 乇賵夭 乇禺 賲蹖鈥屫� 賵 乇丕賴 讴賳丕乇 丕賵賲丿賳 鬲乇賵賲丕貙 亘丕夭诏賵 讴乇丿賳卮賴 賵 賮乇丿 鬲乇賵賲丕丿蹖丿賴 賳蹖丕夭 丿丕乇賴 卮賳蹖丿賴 卮賴 鬲丕 讴賳鬲乇賱 乇賵丕蹖鬲 乇賵 亘賴 丿爻鬲 亘诏蹖乇賴 讴賴 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 讴賳鬲乇賱 夭賳丿诏蹖 丌蹖賳丿賴鈥屫促�.
賲賱賲賵爻 亘賵丿賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 爻賵夭丕賳 丕蹖賳鈥屬傌� 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 毓賲蹖賯 賵 亘丕賵乇倬匕蹖乇 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 丿乇 毓賲賯 賮丕噩毓賴 乇禺鈥屫ж� 賮乇賵賲蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賵 丿乇丿賵乇賳噩卮 乇賵 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬�. 賴賲蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 卮禺氐蹖卮賴 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 亘丿賵賳蹖賲 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴 賴乇 乇賵夭 乇禺 賲蹖鈥屫� 賵 賳蹖丕夭 亘賴 丌诏丕賴蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賵 诏賮鬲賴 卮丿賳 賵 卮賳蹖丿賴 卮丿賳 丿丕乇賳.
禺蹖賱蹖 鬲賱禺 亘賵丿 丕賲丕 毓賲蹖賯丕 鬲丕孬蹖乇诏匕丕乇 亘賵丿 賵 丕夭 丕賵賳 讴鬲丕亘丕爻 讴賴 丿賱賲 賲蹖鈥屫堌ж� 賴賲賴 亘禺賵賳賳 賵 亘丿賵賳賳 賵 乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴賳賳.
Profile Image for Bryan Kibbe.
93 reviews33 followers
November 16, 2011
This is a deeply felt and philosophically sophisticated account of Brison's process of recovery following the trauma of rape and attempted murder. Brison does an excellent job of drawing on the strength of her own first person narrative while also situating her insights inside of more general analysis of trauma, sexual assault, narrative, the self, and the process of recovery. I especially appreciated Brison's analysis of the function of narrative in the process of recovery, and the ways in which the conditions, mechanisms, and content of narrative can give some coherence to the diverse understandings of self and accordingly the different ways in which individuals are deeply wounded following a traumatic event. The polemic lurking within this text is the way in which as a society (and perhaps especially men), we are not good at listening to, acknowledging, and being revolted by the horror and frequent occurrence of sexual assault against women especially. Brison's book is well worth reading, and I highly recommend it.
Profile Image for Sadra Kharrazi.
461 reviews71 followers
November 27, 2024
" 丿乇讴 丨賯蹖賯蹖賽 丿乇丿賽 丿蹖诏乇蹖貙 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 讴丕乇蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 丌丿賲 丕丨爻丕爻 讴賳丿 讴賲鬲乇 丨賯 丿丕乇丿 讴賴 禺賵丿卮 丿乇丿 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿... "

賴乇 趩賳丿 讴賴 丕氐賵賱丕 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 丕蹖賳鈥屫堌� 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏� 爻禺鬲诏蹖乇賲貙 倬爻丕賮丕噩毓賴 丕賲丕 賳讴丕鬲 賲孬亘鬲蹖 丿丕乇賴 讴賴 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖卮賴 讴賴 亘賴 蹖讴 丕孬乇 禺賵亘 賵 亘丕 讴蹖賮蹖鬲 鬲亘丿蹖賱 亘卮賴

丿乇 賵賴賱賴 丕賵賱 丕蹖賳鈥屭┵� 丕夭 夭亘丕賳 蹖讴 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 賵丕賯毓蹖 鬲毓乇囟 乇賵丕蹖鬲 賲蹖卮賴貙 賳賴 蹖讴 賯乇亘丕賳蹖鈥屬嗁呚�.
丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 丕蹖賳 賮乇丿 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 蹖讴 丌丿賲 毓丕丿蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 讴爻蹖賴 讴賴 亘丕 賮賱爻賮賴 爻乇 賵 讴丕乇 丿丕乇賴
賵 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 爻毓蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 丨鬲蹖鈥屫з勜з呞┴з� 丕夭 讴賱蹖卮賴 丿賵乇蹖 亘讴賳賴.

亘丕 丕蹖賳鈥屭┵� 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 禺蹖賱蹖 趩蹖夭 噩丿蹖丿蹖 亘賴 丿丕賳爻鬲賴鈥屬囏з� 丕囟丕賮賴 賳讴乇丿貙 賵賱蹖 噩丕賱亘 亘賵丿 亘乇丕賲貨 毓賱蹖 丕賱禺氐賵氐 讴賴 賳賯賱 賯賵賱鈥屬囏й� 禺賵亘蹖 丕夭 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴鈥屬囏� 賵 賮賱丕爻賮賴 賲賴賲 賲蹖丕乇賴
Profile Image for 6655321.
209 reviews177 followers
November 26, 2014
Ok, as a much younger they this was like *a really important book* in my development, especially the discussion of how sometimes self rebuilding is a project of destroying your own guilt over wanting to kill your abuser. Way before triggers, this is a book that pretty intelligently broke down questions of *why* triggering experiences exist. Also, implicitly Brison asks really adroitly the question of "whom am i speaking for when i speak as a victim" and very clinically delves into questions of speaking and representation. In things i am more ambivalent about: Brison talks a lot about narrative which is something i am just so ill equip to talk about i will just quietly brush it under the rug (i think its interesting i guess? i just really have nothing to say about it). In sum, i *still* think this is an important book, and probably the only one like it, but some limitations in Brison's work are *really* disquieting to me. Firstly, I think there isn't really a polite way to say that Brison is a gender essentialist and she talks pretty uncritically about the idea that there are men and women in ways that certainly throw red flags about (but it was like the 90s and that is a thing). I think the bit that really sits in my marrow and i feel more *uncomfortable* with in some ways in Brison's tacit acceptance of the criminal justice system and her inability to just question why in response to things, including really horrible things (i am trying to evade using trigging language when talking about a super triggering book that talks about triggers which i guess is ironic in some way?) we lock people in boxes? Or like, what doing justice for a victim really would mean is something Brison seems almost unwilling to talk about (her narrative ends with a conviction and then moves immediately into a discussion of trauma) and while she talks about learning that she could defend herself or that it is quite possible to want to kill your assailant and to not be a bad person, she never really asks if there is any point to her trial (other than being rather bemused with some elements of a trial). IDK, i think if you don't mind being triggered to oblivion (for a barely 120 page book this takes me a long time to finish comparatively because there is a lot of triggering elements to it) it is a really rewarding read although i'm maybe not as gung ho about this as i was in 2002?
Profile Image for MiNa Sal.
142 reviews22 followers
August 30, 2024
亘賳馗乇賲 禺賵丕賳丿賳卮 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 賵丕噩亘賴: 丕賵賱 亘賴 丿賱蹖賱 丕蹖賳讴賴 蹖丕 禺卮賵賳鬲 乇賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴乇丿蹖賲 蹖丕 讴爻蹖 丕夭 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳鈥屬呝堎� 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 乇賵 丿丕卮鬲賴 賵 丿乇 賴乇 丿賵 丨丕賱鬲 亘丕蹖丿 丕蹖賳 賲爻兀賱賴 乇賵 亘卮賳丕爻蹖賲貨亘丿賵賳蹖賲 趩胤賵乇 亘卮賳賵蹖賲貙 趩胤賵乇 乇賵丕蹖鬲 讴賳蹖賲 賵 趩胤賵乇 鬲丕亘 亘蹖丕乇蹖賲. 丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丿賵賳蹖賲 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 丕賲乇 丕夭 爻賵蹖 噩丕賲毓賴貙 爻讴賵鬲 賵 氐丿丕 賳丿丕丿賳 亘賴 賮乇丿蹖 讴賴 禺卮賵賳鬲貙 鬲毓乇囟 蹖丕 鬲噩丕賵夭 乇賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴乇丿賴 趩賴 賴夭蹖賳賴鈥屬囏й屰� 禺賵丕賴丿 丿丕卮鬲.
賴賲賴 賲丕 賮乇囟 丕賲賳蹖鬲 乇賵 賮乇囟蹖 倬蹖卮蹖賳蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗃屬呚� 賵丕亘爻鬲賴 亘賴 亘丿賳賲賳丿蹖 丕賲丕 賵賯鬲蹖 丕賲賳蹖鬲 賲賵賳 亘賵丕爻胤賴 亘丿賳 丕夭 丿爻鬲 亘乇賴貙 丨鬲蹖 丕诏乇 夭賳丿賴 亘賲賵賳蹖賲貙 趩胤賵乇 丌丿賲蹖 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬呚�
8 reviews
October 22, 2011
Probably the most engaging treatment of trauma I've ever read. Not for the squeamish, but the perspective that can be gained from the author's unfolding experiences is priceless.
23 reviews4 followers
August 28, 2011
"recovery no longer seems to consist of picking up the pieces of a shattered self (or fractured narrative). It's facing the fact that there never was a coherent self (or story) there to begin with." -116
Profile Image for Celeste.
345 reviews45 followers
February 18, 2008
This is an incredible book, and very difficult to classify. Susan Brison is a philosopher who was out for a walk in Southern France when she was attacked from behind strangled, raped, hit in the head with a rock, strangled again and left for dead in a ditch. This book, written ten years after the attack, is at one's a survivor's narrative, an argument for the use of personal narrative in philosophical writing, and a philosophical treatise on the nature of the self. It is profoundly moving at times when you least expect it to be.
Profile Image for Caleb.
Author听3 books8 followers
March 13, 2018
This book traces the author's process of healing after extreme trauma, specifically focusing on what that experience tells us about the nature of the self and the power and function of narrative. It is very much worth reading for people from all areas of philosophy and outside the discipline, as well. The first half of the book is a bit hampered by Brison's focus on debunking analytic philosophical conceptions of the self鈥攕he is clearly right in her critiques, it's just that the accounts of the self to which she is responding are so impoverished that it feels like her insights could be put to better use. (Hopefully people in mainstream analytic philosophy read this book and take seriously her criticisms...I know it is widely read in continental philosophy and feminist philosophy of all stripes.)

I read the book with a red pen, looking at the operative notions of self as controlling agent, as inviolable, as undetermined by others, and so forth. My eye was toward how Brison focuses on rebuilding autonomous subjectivity to the exclusion of other aspects of life. In the first chapters, there was ample fodder for me; she seemed to posit the importance of reestablishing control without acknowledging at all the illusory nature of that ideal of total control. However, as I progressed through the book, I realized that her writing itself was an enactment of her journey. If the early chapters overemphasize control and absolute autonomy, it is because they are closer to the traumatic event itself. In retrospect, I think Brison enacts four distinct stages, which I take to be a progression on the path to becoming a subject capable of truly ethical encounter:
1. The need to reestablish control over the world and one's place in it, pursued by establishing new bodily behaviors and struggling against PTSD/traumatic memory.
2. The need to reconnect with humanity, pursued through sharing the narrative. An unspoken tension arises between that reconnection and the need for control pursued from stage 1.
3. The tension becomes explicit, the connection with humanity is retained while control is permitted to soften and be acknowledged as a myth.
4. The certainty of the self is called into question by the other with the suicide of her brother. The dangers of total control become evident.
Profile Image for Annie.
477 reviews38 followers
December 11, 2014
"I felt like a pawn-- a helpless, passive victim--- caught up in a ghastly game in which some men ran around trying to kill women and others went around trying to save them." (p.90)
Compelling. Brilliant.
2 reviews
August 31, 2021
While this book is great and can play an important role in understanding how the self responds to trauma, I ran into a few major problems with it. First, it falls into the same gender essentialist trap that many other 90s trauma theory books do, in which Brison assumes all rape victims are women and all prepetrators are heterosexual men. Like other 90s books, she switches to a gender neutral analysis or wartime trauma frequently, but never entertains the thought that someone who is not a woman can be raped and experience that same trauma. While it is fair to say many (or most) rape victims are women, simplifying the complex topic of rape to a dichotomy of men vs women does not help theory nor individual survivors.

Secondly, her understanding of rape does not take into account rapes which are not violent stranger attacks. This is another problem we can blame the 90s for, but it means that her suggestions of self defense classes are somewhat a moot point when the majority of rape victims know their attackers, and were not assaulted in the manner she was.

Overall, this book is very good. It is very personal and telling, and is a good example of how our own experiences impact how we write theory and philosophy. It can also be a very helpful tool in understanding how your own trauma works. However, it is not for the faint of heart, and as any older book should be, its messages should be taken with a grain of salt.
Profile Image for Kate.
78 reviews
March 20, 2013
Brilliant. The philosophical aspect of psychological treatment is overlooked far too often. This book has served the basis for countless papers and projects I've engaged in throughout my required coursework.
Profile Image for Max.
103 reviews68 followers
Read
February 5, 2017
I'm not sure how to rate this one. It was certainly cathartic on one level to read about trauma (and especially sexual violence) discussed so frankly and in an academic fashion, but there are also some things about this book that troubled me, politically. (Another reviewer has pointed out, for example, the gender essentialism and the tacit trust in the police, prisons, and the criminal justice system in general.) I guess in general I just disagree with Brison about various things, but I also don't want to discount how useful her discussion of narratives and the self in the face of trauma can be. Not much in here was new to me, but hey, I've probably read more theory on trauma than the average bear - and I think this book could be very helpful to some people, especially if they take certain aspects of it with a grain of salt.

(Oh, and on an academic level, I don't know enough about philosophy to really critique Brison there, but as far as psychology goes I found some of her theory wanting. Especially the way she assumed trauma works the same for all people and - well, I try not to use pathologizing psych terms to discuss trauma and survivors, but I think a lot of what she writes might not hold up super well if she had delved into C-PTSD a little more than just a passing mention of how multiple personalities sometimes arise from child abuse. Again, not that I think she's entirely wrong! Just that things could have been a little more robust. Then again, this was written in the 90s.)
Profile Image for Bobbie.
120 reviews3 followers
May 16, 2013
Wow. What can I say? A woman is raped, beaten near death, and left to die. Aftermath is the sharing of her experience after that ordeal. I can't even imagine. I don't want to imagine. However, thanks to Susan J Brison, I feel I will be a better listener in case anyone in my life - or myself - ends up in a similar situation.

Would be a good book for anyone to read - male or female. And I hope no one ever needs to use the lessons learned from the author sharing.
Profile Image for Jessica Chretien.
73 reviews9 followers
February 13, 2021
Grateful for so much discussion on the importance of narrative, but, in particular, the philosophical focus on what a narrative even is and whether it is or should be "consistent" and what this has to do with trauma. Grateful for any text dealing with trauma that addresses the messiness of living a life that has been touched so intensely by trauma, the messiness of "healing," the trickiness of "hope" and despair. Towards the end she writes more about periods of overwhelming and joyful days/ months/ even years, in and out of wellness, and after a good streak, hearing that her brother had killed himself. She writes about rethinking his old high school yearbook quote "I am the master of my fate; / I am the captain of my soul." --

"My brother's death also made me rethink the importance of regaining control in recovering from trauma. Maybe the point is to learn how to relinquish control, to learn by going where we need to go, the replace the clenched, repetitive acting out with the generativity of working through. The former, although uncontrollable, is, paradoxically, obsessed with control, with the soothing, numbing safety of the familiar. The latter is inventive, open to surprise, alive to improvisation.

Recovery no longer seems to consist of picking up the pieces of a shattered self (or fractured narrative). It's facing the fact that there was never a coherent self (or story) there to begin with. No wonder I can't seem to manage to put myself together again. I'd have to put myself, as the old gag goes, "together again for the first time."

Maybe recovery is reestablishing the illusory sense of the permanence of hope, learning how to be, once again, "crazy-human with hope." As irrational as it is, I want to believe that, just as there is such a thing as irreparable damage, there might be such a thing as irreversible repair. Hope, like despair, can feel permanent. But more likely, the entropy of emotional life--governed by some inexorable law of psychodynamics--makes this impossible. Of course, the belief that things can, once and for all, be made right, makes no more sense than the belief (which takes hold of me, on average, once every few months), that everything is totally, irreparably, ruined. But does it make any less sense? For me, anyway, the illusion that hope with perch permanently in my heart is psychologically untenable--I just can't hold that happy thought for more than a day or two. But objectively--whatever that means--it's just as plausible, just as rational, as my more obdurate belief in psychic entropic doom.

Perhaps the goal of recovery is, simply, to go on. But--go one with what? With the series of my days, the pattern of my life? What pattern? The pattern to which it would have conformed without the assault? Who knows what that would have been? The pattern before the assault? Who know what that was? Some days there seems to be no pattern--just the odd refrain, a reprise, a recurring motif. My life and its old jingles. No meaning but the melody, the major or minor mode, the tune that carries me through until the lyrics come back . . . The truth is, I'm not luck or unlucky. I'm just alive. Breathing in and out. "
8 reviews1 follower
July 27, 2023
Good book.
-The discussion of how traumatic events impact someone's identity was really interesting. Brison defines identity from three perspectives 鈥� embodied, narrative, and autonomous selves 鈥� and then outlines how trauma (particularly the violent rape/attempted murder she experienced) destroys certain important criteria from these perspectives. On the narrative self, identity is crafted through the narratives people make for themselves 鈥� a semi-continuous strand of self-selected "stories" that define a person. On the autonomous self, identity is chosen, to some extent, by the stories people choose to define themselves with and the decisions they make. (This is reminiscent of Norbert Wiley's neo-pragmatist concept of identity as the discussion between a person's past, present, and future.) Trauma destroys ones sense of self by drastically changing how they see themselves (thereby disrupting their narrative account of themselves), how they interact with themselves over time (disrupting a sense of continuity of their narrative story), how they choose to outline their narrative (by forcefully incorporating a harmful memory into their sense of self), and how they make choices (by disrupting said choices through involuntary flashbacks and re-livings triggered by things outside the person's control). Brison calls special attention to how trauma victims frequently talk about how they died on the day of their traumatic event 鈥� clearly demonstrating the disruption of a person's sense of self.
-The other really important discussion Brison had was in how people recover from trauma 鈥� which makes sense since this is a somewhat optimistic account of her own recovery from trauma. Her emphasis on the relational nature of identity (that peoples' identities change through social interaction, and aren't set in stone), and how it describes why people often recover through telling their stories to others in support groups and such (thereby crafting a new narrative, autonomously, for themselves despite the disruption of trauma), made a lot of sense.
-She also broadly outlines the political and sociological impacts of rape. The belief that rape, writ large, is a tactic by which men suppress women (i.e. only SOME men rape (women), but that fact means ALL women need to take special precautions to avoid rape that men don't 鈥� this is simplified, but broadly the argument) is something I hadn't thought of before, and makes a lot of sense.
3 reviews2 followers
January 11, 2021
I first encountered this book as part of a class on Trauma and Culture Theory, and although the rest of my college journey focused on a different tradition of philosophy, this book remains one of the most impactful reads I've had in college.

Susan Brison takes us through her journey as a survivor of sexual assault, and how that event had thrown into upheaval the past and future. As a survivor, the trust in the world which had thus far maintained one's ability to coexist in society is fractured 鈥� and the future is compromised by this irreparable event.

The rare perspective she offers us as a trained philosopher attempting to make sense of the world after, is one of my biggest takeaways I've had from a class. This was a particularly important read for me, as a male student whose engagement with the issue of rape and sexual assault was that of disgust and objection. Try as I might, I couldn't do much else except support friends from a distance, or offer condemnation 鈥� again from afar 鈥� in such crimes.

It is impossible to empathize with the vulnerability that comes with having another identity 鈥� be it gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic 鈥� in a broken and inequitable society like ours today. But this book has helped me grapple with that as an outsider looking in 鈥� and at times, certainly helped me understand my own response to traumas of my own.

This is not pop philosophy 鈥� it is sophisticated yet accessible, but also wraps itself up with a powerfully personal account of a survivor who has gone through the painful process of remaking a self, and wants to guide others to heal as well.

This is a must-read for anyone who wants to better understand the impact of sexual assault on individuals, but finds that current literature only allows them to oppose and conceptualize through rationality. Brison's book helps (to the extent possible) introduce readers to the visceral effect it has on individuals.
Profile Image for Elizaveta.
19 reviews
May 7, 2020
I don鈥檛 know whether you can say that you鈥檝e __liked__ this book. It burns you 鈥� not only because of the narrative and the occasional slip from the academic-y voice of the non-impersonal narrator to the boiled down humane feeling: of anger, sadness, despair. I鈥檝e tried not to overanalise it from the point of how the book is 鈥渄one鈥�: I think it defies the point, and I was willing to reject the academic ideal of false objectivity and impersonality. I don鈥檛 think it鈥檚 a book I鈥檇 wholeheartedly recommend to anyone, but I suspect that many of my future conversations will be filled with snippets of ideas from this book.
44 reviews1 follower
May 8, 2018
One of the most moving and profound works of philosophy that I have read. This is a brave book. I read the chapter "Outliving Oneself" for a feminist philosophy course and promised myself that I would read the entire book someday. It made me cry, it helped me make sense of my own trauma, and it made me a better listener. Reading about narrative as a way to heal from trauma was healing to me. Now I feel better equipped as an oppressed person and a future minister.
181 reviews
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May 29, 2024
Avevo scritto una recensione lunghissima ma ho deciso, a differenza dell'autrice, di essere breve: libro noioso, pretenzioso e ripetitivo fino alla nausea. Le uniche parti interessanti sono quelle delle esperienze dell'Olocausto (riportate da altri scrittori), peccato che il libro sia sullo stupro. Arrivata al penultimo capitolo, dopo mesi e mesi di forzatura e travaglio, ho deciso di abbandonare la lettura.
Profile Image for Bree Pye.
529 reviews13 followers
October 20, 2017
Powerful.

In a way I don't quite have the words to try to describe. I read this in grad school while studying literature from both past and present which shapes our contemporary understanding of human rights. When I read it again (and I will), I'll have something more articulate and meaningful to say.

For now - I highly, HIGHLY recommend the read.
Profile Image for Boszka.
131 reviews1 follower
May 4, 2021
This book describes what trauma / rape does to someone. It incorporates personal experiences which makes it easy to read and also involves a lot of philosophical discussion / reflection which is very interesting. It is written in a way that is compassionate and at the same time, so precise and insightful.
5 reviews
March 16, 2019
The trauma

The riter described her personal tragic feeling precisely and that the acomments from various aspects of academic interpretation of those situations are very high quality. The trauma is not easy to treat.
Profile Image for Elena Todisco.
52 reviews6 followers
June 29, 2020
I found myself sobbing the whole time. This book was recommended by my lecturer during a course about "feminists philosophies". Traumatic events are not as difficult as their aftermath: i felt every word, i understood and I think that more people should read and understand, too.
Profile Image for Melika fakhraei.
4 reviews6 followers
July 19, 2024
噩丕蹖蹖 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賳賵卮鬲賴 亘賵丿:芦丿乇 賴乇 丿賴 孬丕賳蹖賴 蹖讴 夭賳 讴鬲讴 賲蹖禺賵乇丿禄 賵 賲賳 丿乇 鬲賲丕賲 胤賵賱 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賮讴乇 賲蹖讴乇丿賲
讴賴 賵丕蹖 亘乇 賲賳 賵 毓丿丕賱鬲
讴賴 丿乇 賴賲蹖賳 賱丨馗賴 讴賴 賲賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 賵乇賯 賲蹖夭賳賲 賵 禺胤 亘賴 禺胤 賲蹖禺賵丕賳賲
夭賳蹖 丿乇 诏賵卮賴鈥屫й� 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丿賳蹖丕
丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴卮賵乇
丿乇丿蹖 乇丕 亘賴 噩丕賳 禺乇蹖丿.
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