Julian Baggini is a British philosopher and the author of several books about philosophy written for a general audience. He is the author of The Pig that Wants to be Eaten and 99 other thought experiments (2005) and is co-founder and editor of The Philosophers' Magazine. He was awarded his Ph.D. in 1996 from University College London for a thesis on the philosophy of personal identity. In addition to his popular philosophy books, Baggini contributes to The Guardian, The Independent, The Observer, and the BBC. He has been a regular guest on BBC Radio 4's In Our Time.
This is a fun, useful, and quick-to-read book with a lousy title. The Duck part is fine because it's intriguing, but what are "experiments for the armchair philosopher" when they're at home? I had no idea what I was going to read when I picked this one up.
I see that there's another edition that is subtitled, instead, "and 99 Other Bad Arguments" and that's much more representative of the content. The author is indeed a professor of philosophy and the book is about rhetoric, with a very accessible and pop culture sort of treatment of the subject. He takes 100 different statements from the news that are badly argued in some way - either logically deficient or using rhetorical techniques meant to persuade by emotion, side stepping logic. He analyzes each one for its deficiencies and labels it with the kind of error being made or technique being used. Baggini encourages analytical thinking, both by example and by instruction.
Some of the examples don't require a philosopher to determine that they are poor arguments. In the title story, a lottery winner ascribes his luck to having followed a waiter's instruction in a Chinese restaurant to stroke a duck statue. Most of us would realize that didn't cause him to win the lottery, even if we might not know to label the error a post-hoc fallacy. Others are much more subtle and seem well argued at first.
Each quote is only a sentence or two and each analysis is a page or two, making this a quick read. An interesting extra feature is after each analysis he walks the condemnation of the kind of argument back a little, asking when it might be appropriate to defer to authority, or argue from uncertainty or whatever. These thought provoking final paragraphs underscore the idea that many of these questions do not have settled answers.
A good book for those who enjoyed Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time by Michael Shermer, Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science by Martin Gardner, and How to Lie With Statistics by Darrell Huff. And if you haven't read those, read them too.
Julian Baggini's "Do They Think You're Stupid" is a light, amusing read with a serious meta-lesson tucked away inside. Presented as a list of 100 common argumentative fallacies and why they're wrong, it can actually be interrogated as a guide to good analysis.
The key take away messages are two:
Firstly, critical thought and engagement with other people's reasoning and your own is crucial. There isn't any formulaic response or recipe to good thinking, only practice, care and diligence. As Baggini notes, it "requires not so much memorizing a catalogue of fallacies but adopting a habit of constructive, thoughtful skepticism in our reading and listening." A simple message but the most important.
Secondly, a point made again and again with different fallacies: The key to understanding and unveiling them is through analogy. For example, in the abortion debate it's common to claim that something like "when life begins" is not black and white, but grey, and this claim means, well, whatever, depending on who you talk to. Regardless though, the strength of the claim rests on the argument that there is no clear boundary between life and death, just like there is no real distinction between black and white. Except that when you phrase it like that the fallacy is obvious. By the colour analogy it uses to make the claim clear it is also clear that actually we can make distinctions between things which vary in a smooth, continuous fashion. Black really is different from white, even though there are all the shades of grey. In other words, the question of "when life begins" cannot be so blithely swept from the table. Interesting...
Ultimately, the book advises a humble approach, and warns especially of the "fallacy fallacy": the easy assumption that having thought about how to think one should just assume one is right, when in actual fact it is all too easy still to make glaring logical mistakes. As salulatary warnings, Baggini lists a few examples of reknowned people who should have "known better". The ultimate point? Thinking rightly is not easy!
Baggini鈥檚 books cater to the exact audience that they claim to cater to: 鈥渁rmchair philosophers鈥�. This time around we are considering the various fallacies of argument, here conjoined with a collection of humorous, insightful, sometimes stupid, sometimes shockingly every-day and drab, quotes. The book鈥檚 strength lies in accomplishing all that it aims to with clarity and ease, giving those readers with no philosophical background the ability to decipher the sometimes hard-to-spot (and often unintentional) mistakes in most people鈥檚 logic, or the (often intentional) manipulation of sentence structure in politics and journalism.
Yet, if you are looking for anything more, perhaps a deeper analysis past the simple 鈥減oint at it, pick at it, move on and repeat鈥� attitude, then you aren鈥檛 going to find much of interest in the book鈥檚 three-hundred-plus pages. Witty references to philosophers and philosophical traditions seem empty of fruition, and act more as a means to fill the page than educate. In essence: the book is a segment of an extremely basic Logic/Critical Reasoning class that you could take at any community college, but with a jesting twist that you might not find in every classroom. A quick read, an easy read, and a decent introduction into the world of philosophy but by no means as interesting as Baggini鈥檚 The Pig That Wants to Be Eaten or Do You Think What You Think You Think.
Another book from Julian Baggini, the author of "The Pig That Wants to Be Eaten: 100 Experiments for the Armchair Philosopher ".
Some editions of the book are called "The Duck That Won the Lottery: 100 New Experiments for the Armchair Philosopher" to capitalize on the success of the first one, but this title is hugely misleading. No, these are not thought experiments, and even putting the example of a duck in the title gives the first impression. (It's actually an origami duck that was said to bring good luck.)
So, what is this book, then? Instead of creative thought experiments, Baggini analyzes 100 bad arguments taken from real life. The humour of the the first book is not completely gone, but the attachment to actual events makes the book a little bit less wacky.
Once I got into the concept and style of the book, I really started to like it. Baggini goes through all the major logical fallacies in argumentation. Even better, he really examines the cases from different angles. So, instead of a simple conviction of a foolish mistakes, each excerpt ends by offering another point of view that shows the fallacy in a different light.
Many years ago, I took an evening class entitled 'How to win arguments': what was not to like? It turned out the way to win arguments was to use the many kinds of false logic. That false logic is still propagated, and it's in daily evidence - just listen to any politician or personality.
So this book is, for me, a timely reminder of that O Level: a grounding in logic, and a window to a more careful thought process. It's an easy read, with excellent examples of persuasive points or arguments which turn out to be based on pretty shaky foundations. It changed my life (see p.60!)... No, not exactly - but it's jolly useful when - yet again - we hear the dire phrase "This must never happen again"
Seriously, I'm grateful to this author for reminding me to THINK!and I want to read more of his writing.
I enjoy Julian Baggini's work. His book 'Welcome to Everytown: a journey into the English mind' is excellent, and his microphilosophy website makes for interesting reading. Baggini makes philosophical ideas accessible to those of us who've not had the benefit of a philosophy degree, and in 'Do they think you're stupid?' he scrutinises 100 poor arguments, showing us why they fail.
If you're like me, you can probably spot a lot of spin and dodgy argument without a book. But Baggini goes further by explaining WHY certain kinds of statements are unreliable. He provides us with some basic knowledge to unravel poor reasoning using methods established by philosophers - without too much indecipherable jargon. This book is an attempt to better equip those of us with the will to question with some of the tools we need.
I took a LONG time to read this. Each chapter is only a few pages long and so it was easier to read it a little at a time. Still, I enjoyed trying to figure out the flaw in the argument and how an argument made badly can still be persuasive.
The bulk of the examples talk about war. I have very little interest in the topic of military conflict, and I don鈥檛 actively seek out news related to such, so reading about people鈥檚 war arguments was rather dull. Also, war is a pretty extreme topic that I don鈥檛 think many people will find themselves debating, but some of the examples seemed limited in terms of their applicability to other points of conversation.
I think a lot of the flaws had excessive overlap, or were mere variations of one another. This book could probably be cut in half, making it more concise and impactful.
I like the formatting of this book more than 鈥淭he Pig that Wants to Be Eaten.鈥� But that鈥檚 partly because of the more Americanized spelling and punctuation (although I did see one 鈥渟ceptical鈥� instead of 鈥渟keptical鈥�).
Probably my favorite part of the book is the paragraph at the end of every chapter, when the author plays devil鈥檚 advocate. I think the closing paragraphs are consistently short, sweet, and thought provoking.
There were several argument examples throughout the book that I thought were very insightful. Those were the ones where the flaw wasn鈥檛 immediately obvious, or where I thought the argument was more secure than it actually was. It became a fun little game, reading the opening quotation and trying to guess what the flaw would be.
Julian Baggini's Do They Think You're Stupid?: 100 Ways of Spotting Spin and Nonsense From The Media, Celebrities and Politicians" is an excellent explanatory book on fallacious reasoning. Unlike other books that focus on naming a logical fallacy and perfectly defining its theoretical meaning, Baggini, without being bogged down by technical terms, dissects what fallacies look like in practice. The result is a book that is effortlessly read and promotes critical engagement. The examples provided are clear and helpful; the caveats at the end of each chapter ward off dogmatism and serve as a reminder to not fall into the trap of thinking knowledge of fallacious reasoning means logical and argumentative perfection. The only gripes I have with the book are the order and length of the chapters. More space could have been spent on some of the more nuanced fallacious reasoning, and the ordering of the terms seems arbitrary.
The Duck That Won The Lottery is a series of fallacious arguments. The book presents these arguments for your perusal. The book's cover lied to me, so I didn't go into this book with all the information I needed.
The book is not bad, but it wasn't what I expected. I expected more thought experiments along the lines of The Pig That Wants To Be Eaten.
I enjoyed the book. Thanks for reading my review, and see you next time.
This book will not change your life, but it does have the power to reframe some general philosophical beliefs in a way that makes those beliefs easier to bicker about internally. It鈥檚 a fun book to thumb through and can reasonably be considered 鈥減hilosophy on easy mode鈥�. Just what you鈥檙e looking for, on occasion.
An exciting first read for "Julian Baggini". It's always beneficial to criticize the ideas around us especially when they are fallacies. Many of the book examples already familiar to me, however, we cannot doubt how well-chosen they were and we supposed to read them constantly.
En cap铆tulos cortos expone diferentes ejemplos sobre razonamientos o declaraciones de personajes p煤blicos que no son correctos. Me ha hecho reflexionar, aprender y sonre铆r, porque tambi茅n lo hace con sentido del humor.