欧宝娱乐

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鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賵噩夭 賱賱夭賲丕賳

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賰鬲丕亘 鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賵噩夭 賱賱夭賲丕賳 賴賵 亘賲孬丕亘丞 乇丨賱丞 賱賲賱丕丨 亘丕乇毓 賷噩賵亘 丌賮丕賯丕 毓噩賷亘丞 賮賷 毓賱賲 丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳 賵丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍貙 賲爻鬲賳丿丕賸 廿賱賶 賲賵賴亘丞 毓賱賲賷丞 賮匕丞 賵爻毓丞 兀賮賯 禺賱丕賯丞 亘丨孬丕賸 毓賳 丕賱胤乇賷賯 廿賱賶 賳馗乇賷丞 毓賱賲賷丞 賰亘乇賶 鬲賵丨丿 爻丕卅乇 丕賱賳馗乇賷丕鬲.

賵賰鬲丕亘賴 賴匕丕 兀賵賱 賰鬲丕亘 賷丐賱賮賴 賱睾賷乇 丕賱賲鬲禺氐氐賷賳貙 賵賯丿 丕孬丕乇 囟噩丞 賰亘乇賶 賮賷 丕賱兀賵爻丕胤 丕賱孬賯丕賮賷丞 賵丕賱毓賱賲賷丞. 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 賮賷賴 丕賱夭賲丕賳 賵丕賱賰賵賳 賵胤亘賷毓鬲賴賲丕. 賵兀賶 鬲賳丕賵賱 賰賴匕丕 賱丕 亘丿 賵兀賳 賷丐丿賶 廿賱賶 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱丨乇賰丞 賵丕賳賮囟丕亍 賵丕賱賳噩賵賲 賵丕賱賰賵丕賰亘 賵丕賱賲噩乇丕鬲. 賵賷爻鬲毓乇囟 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘兀亘爻胤 兀爻賱賵亘 賲賲賰賳 賲爻賷乇丞 丕賱賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱賰亘乇賶 毓賳 丕賱夭賲丕賳 賵丕賱賰賵賳 廿亘鬲丿丕亍丕 賲賳 兀乇爻胤賵 賮噩丕賱賷賱賷賵 賵賳賷賵鬲賳 賵廿賷賳賷卮鬲賷賳. 孬賲 賷賯賵賲 丕賱賲賵賯賮 亘賮賰乇丞 賮賷 丕毓賲丕賯 丕賱賮囟丕亍 賮賷 賲睾丕賲乇丞 賮丿丞貙 賲賴鬲丿賷丕賸 亘丕賱毓賱賲 賲毓 丕賱禺賷丕賱 丕賱賳卮胤 丕賱禺賱丕賯貙 賮賷 賲丨丕賵賱丕鬲 賱廿賷噩丕丿 禺胤賵胤 賳馗乇賷丞 噩丿賷丿丞 鬲賵丨丿 兀賴賲 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱毓卮乇賷賳 亘賱丕 鬲賳丕賯囟貙 賵禺丕氐丞 賳馗乇賷鬲賷 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 賵賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲. 賵賳馗乇賷丞 賲賵丨丿丞 賰賴匕賴 賯丿 賷賰賵賳 賮賷賴丕 丕賱廿噩丕亘丞 毓賳 兀爻卅賱丞 賱胤丕賱賲丕 丨賷乇鬲 丕賱毓賱賲丕亍 賵賲丕 夭丕賱鬲 鬲丨賷乇賴賲貙 賮賴賱 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賳賰賲卮 丕賱賰賵賳 賲孬賱丕 亘丿賱丕賸 賲賳 兀賳 賷鬲賲丿丿責 賵賴賱 賷乇鬲丿 丕賱夭賲丕賳 賵賯鬲賴丕 賵乇丕亍 亘賳賷 丕賱亘卮乇 賲賵鬲賴賲 賯亘賱 賲賷賱丕丿賴賲責 賵賴賱 賱賱賰賵賳 亘丿丕賷丞 賵/兀賵 賳賴丕賷丞責 賵賰賷賮 鬲賰賵賳丕賳責 賵賴賱 賱賱賰賵賳 丨丿賵丿責 廿賳 廿賷賳卮鬲賷賳 賯丿 噩毓賱 賱賱賲賰丕賳 - 丕賱夭賲丕賳 兀乇亘毓丞 兀亘毓丕丿貙 賮賲丕匕丕 賱賵 賰丕賳 丕賱賰賵賳 兀亘毓丕丿 兀賰孬乇責 賰丕賳 賷賰賵賳 賱賴 賲孬賱丕賸 兀丨丿 毓卮乇 亘毓丿丕賸 兀賵 兀賰孬乇責

賴匕賴 亘毓囟 丕賱賲爻丕卅賱 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賳丕賵賱賴丕 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賴 鬲丕乇賷禺 賲賵噩夭 賱賱夭賲丕賳 亘兀爻賱賵亘 噩賱賷 賲亘爻胤 賵賲孬賷乇 亘賲丕 賷卮丿 丕賱賯丕乇卅 胤賵賱 丕賱賵賯鬲貙 賵乇亘賲丕 噩毓賱 丕賱賳賯丕丿 丕賱毓賱賲賷賷賳 賷氐賮賵賳賴 亘兀賳賴 賰鬲丕亘 賰賱丕爻賷賰賷 賲賳匕 馗賴賵乇賴貙 賮賴賵 賲賳 毓賱丕賲丕鬲 丕賱胤乇賷賯 賮賷 賮賱爻賮丞 賵賲賳賴噩 丕賱毓賱賲 亘丨賷孬 賱丕 睾賳賶 賱賲孬賯賮 賲賳 丕賱廿胤賱丕毓 毓賱賷賴.

167 pages, Paperback

First published September 1, 1988

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About the author

Stephen Hawking

220books12.6kfollowers
Stephen William Hawking was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Between 1979 and 2009, he was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world.
Hawking was born in Oxford into a family of physicians. In October 1959, at the age of 17, he began his university education at University College, Oxford, where he received a first-class BA degree in physics. In October 1962, he began his graduate work at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where, in March 1966, he obtained his PhD degree in applied mathematics and theoretical physics, specialising in general relativity and cosmology. In 1963, at age 21, Hawking was diagnosed with an early-onset slow-progressing form of motor neurone disease that gradually, over decades, paralysed him. After the loss of his speech, he communicated through a speech-generating device initially through use of a handheld switch, and eventually by using a single cheek muscle.
Hawking's scientific works included a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. Initially, Hawking radiation was controversial. By the late 1970s, and following the publication of further research, the discovery was widely accepted as a major breakthrough in theoretical physics. Hawking was the first to set out a theory of cosmology explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He was a vigorous supporter of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Hawking achieved commercial success with several works of popular science in which he discussed his theories and cosmology in general. His book A Brief History of Time appeared on the Sunday Times bestseller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks. Hawking was a Fellow of the Royal Society, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. In 2002, Hawking was ranked number 25 in the BBC's poll of the 100 Greatest Britons. He died in 2018 at the age of 76, having lived more than 50 years following his diagnosis of motor neurone disease.

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5 stars
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3 stars
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 13,493 reviews
Profile Image for Bill.
Author听9 books157 followers
August 30, 2022
This book puts me in mind of the story about how a Harvard number theorist, through some malfunction of the scheduling computer, got assigned to teach an introductory course in pre-calculus. Being one of those individuals to whom math came so easily that they couldn't grasp how difficult others found it, the professor had no idea what to cover in such a course.

So, he went to the chair of the department, who told him: "You'll want to start with the real number-line and then progress to inequalities; from there, move on to quadratic equations, then trigonometry and the wrapping function, Cartesian and polar coordinate systems, and, if time permits, conic sections."

The professor thanked the chairperson and went off to meet with his first class. Next week, he was back.

"What should I teach them now?" he said.

A Brief History of Time is like that -- Professor Hawking doesn't seem to notice when his treatment progresses from the obvious to the arcane, ending with his concept of "imaginary time" (very nearly incomprehensible in this overly brief presentation).

Fun nonetheless.

* * *
August 30, 2022 addendum --

Time to jump in here, I fear:

Having garnered over 650 "Likes," this far-from-serious scribble is by far my most popular review ever 鈥� and, truth be told, undeservedly so.

For a more thoughtful consideration of a somewhat related book, try my take on Jim Holt's Why Does the World Exist? here: /book/show/8...
Profile Image for Daniel.
152 reviews8 followers
September 25, 2007
It is not clear to me who is in the target audience for this book. At times it tries to explain basic concepts of modern physics in simple language, and at other times it assumes a familiarity with the same subject. For the first time I think I "understand" why absolute time is not consistent with relativity theory or that space-time curvature supplants the notion of gravity, and for that I thank the author. There are a few other things I believe I have a glimpse of having (finally) slogged through the book.
On the other hand, there are many places where he writes as if it were clear what he is talking about even though it would require a good deal of background knowledge. To give but one example, he starts talking about summing up over possible world histories (I cannot locate the quotation) without explaining what that would mean. Trained in statistics, I have some idea that he is talking about mathematical expectation in the context of quantum mechanics, but I don't know how another reader might make any sense of it (and I certainly don't have more than a vague notion).
There are irritating writing practices that could have used some editing, e.g., the use of the naked pronominal adjective "this" when in the middle of a dense explanation of an abstruse concept(e.g., "This had serious implications for the ultimate fate of massive stars.").
My biggest complaints, however, are about his philosophical opinions. Obviously he is entitled to think as he wishes about the ultimate questions, but his assertion that his hypothesis of a finite world without beginning or end would leave no place for God seems beside the point. The classic divide has not changed: some folks look around and say stuff just is, and other folks say there's a power behind the stuff that has at least as much going for it as we do. That argument hasn't changed with his theories. At one point in the book he claims that the late John Paul II told gathered scientists that they mustn't inquire into the Big Bang because that was God's territory. I would wager with anyone reading this comment that such an assertion is just plain false. JPII was a flawed mortal, to be sure, but he was no dope; it certainly sounds to me like someone hearing what he thinks the pope would say. (And the Galileo jokes are pretty dumb -- does anyone think that JPII, who apologized for the embarrassing Galileo fiasco, would go after this guy? It must be all that influence the Vatican has had in Britain over the last 400 years that has him scared.)
Other philosophical complaints involve his use of entropy (he defines it first within closed systems and then uses it to explain why the "thermodynamic arrow of time" and the "personal arrow of time" must run in the same direction -- leaping from a box of molecules to the entire universe!), his droning on about what black holes are like when he doesn't know for sure they exist, his statements about "random" and being 95% certain a theory is true (does that mean about 95 out of 100 theories like that are true??). His opinions may be very rich, deep, though-provoking, but how would I (or most general readers) know? You can't really evaluate a judgment unless you know something in the field.
And so that is why I ultimately cannot recommend this book: if you know physics inside and out, you might find his opinions interesting. If you don't, you can only walk around parroting what he says about black holes as if you had a clue what you were talking about. What we all really need is a remedial course in physics!
Profile Image for 賴丿賶 賷丨賷賶.
Author听12 books17.7k followers
April 18, 2019

鈥庘赌忊赌�
=賵丿丕毓丕 賴賵賰賳噩=
氐乇鬲 丨乇丕 丕賱丌賳
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賴賳丕賰 賱匕賾丞賹 賲丕 貙貙 賮賷 兀賳 鬲賮鬲丨賻 賰鬲丕亘丕賸 鬲卮毓購賾 賲賳 爻胤賵乇賴 兀賱賵丕賳 丕賱賮囟丕亍
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卮賷亍賹 賷兀禺匕 毓賯賱賰 廿賱賶 兀賲賰賳丞賺 兀禺乇賶
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賱丕 亘賷賳 丕賱賲噩乇丕鬲
賵賱丕 賮賷 禺囟賾賲 丕賱賰賵賳賽 丕賱賵丕爻毓
亘賱 賴賳丕 亘丿丕禺賱賰
毓賳丿 賴匕丕 丕賱賳亘囟 丕賱兀禺賾丕匕 賮賷 賯賱亘賰
丨賷孬 鬲亘丿兀 丕賱賲鬲毓丞 賮賷 丕賱鬲丨乇乇
賱鬲睾賲乇 賲爻丕賲賾賰 亘乇丕卅丨丞 丕賱丿賴卮丞
賮丕賱賰賵賳 賮賷 丿丕禺賱賰 兀賳鬲 賷丕 氐丕丨亘賷


鬲丕乇賷禺賹 賲賵噩夭 賱賱夭賲賳 貙貙 賷購毓鬲亘乇 賲賳 兀賴賲 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞 丕賱丨丿賷孬丞
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賴匕賴 賴賷 賯乇丕亍鬲賷 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞 賱爻鬲賷賮賳 賴賵賰賳噩 貙賵賯丿 兀毓噩亘鬲購 兀賷賾賲丕 廿毓噩丕亘 亘賯乇丕亍鬲賷 丕賱兀賵賱賷 "丕賱鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱毓馗賷賲" 鈥徹屬堌ベ� 賯丕乇賳鬲 賴匕丕 亘匕丕賰 貙賮兀乇噩賾丨購 賰賮賾丞 丕賱兀禺賷乇

賱丕 兀毓賱賲 廿賳 賰丕賳鬲 賱賱鬲乇噩賲丞 丿賵乇賹 賮賷 匕賱賰 貙賮賱賯丿 賯乇兀鬲 丕賱鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱毓馗賷賲 亘賱睾鬲賴 丕賱兀氐賱賷丞

賱賯丿 鬲賵賯賾毓鬲 兀賰孬乇 賲賲丕 賵噩丿鬲購賾 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 貙賮賯丿 丨爻亘鬲賴 兀賰孬乇 賲鬲毓丞 賵噩賲丕賱丕賸 賮賷 爻乇丿賴 兀賵 賮賷 鬲乇丕亘胤 賮氐賵賱賴
賵賱賰賳 賱賳 鬲噩丿 賴購賳丕 爻賵賶 賲鬲毓丞賻 丕賱賲丕丿丞 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞 匕丕鬲賴丕 貙 賮賭 丕爻賱賵亘 賴賵賰賳噩 噩丕賮賹 賯賱賷賱丕賸鈥�

賰賲丕 賵囟毓 賰丕乇賱 爻丕噩丕賳 賲賯丿賲丞 噩賲賷賱丞 賱賱賰鬲丕亘
賱賷孬賷乇 卮賴賷鬲賷 兀賰孬乇

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賮賱賳鬲毓乇賮 毓賱賶 賲丐賱賮 爻胤賵乇 丕賱賲毓乇賮丞 丕賱卮賴賷丞 廿匕丕
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賷賯賵賱 爻鬲賷賮賳
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賮賳丨賳 賳噩丿 兀賳賮爻賳丕 賮賷 毓丕賱賲 賱丕 鈥徺娰勜� 賵噩賵丿賳丕 賮賷 丕賱睾丕賱亘 賵賱丕 鈥徺娰囏� 亘賴貙 亘賱 - 兀丨賷丕賳丕賸 - 鈥徺娯关ж� 賴匕丕 丕賱賵噩賵丿 氐乇丕丨丞賸

賱匕丕貙 賱賵 兀賲賰賳賳丕 賮賰 鈥忊€�"丕賱賱賵丨丞 丕賱兀賲丕賲賷賾丞" 賱賱賰賵賳 賵丕賱賳賾馗乇 禺賱賮賴丕 賮乇亘賾賲丕 賳氐亘丨 鈥徺傌ж辟娰� 毓賱賶 賮賴賲 賰賷賮 鬲毓賲賱 鈥徹勝� 丕賱毓噩賱丕鬲 鈥徹з勜地嘿娯必┴� 兀毓賳賷 丕賱賲噩乇丕鬲貙 賵賱卮毓乇賳丕 亘亘毓囟 丕賱鬲丨賰賾賲 鈥徺佡娰呚� 賷噩乇賷 賲賳 兀丨丿丕孬貙 賵賱丨爻賳 鈥徹з勜� 賮賳丨賳 睾賷乇 鈥徺呚官堎娰� 賱廿毓丕丿丞 鬲噩賲賷毓 丕賱賰賵賳 賲乇丞 兀禺乇賶 亘毓丿 賮賰 鈥徺勝堌� 丕賱兀賲丕賲賷賾丞鈥�
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賴賱 鬲毓賱賲 兀賳 賴匕丕 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱毓亘賯乇賷 賯丿兀購氐賷亘 亘賲乇囟 丕賱鬲氐賱亘 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷 丕賱囟賲賵乇賷責
賴匕丕 丕賱賲乇囟 賷氐賷亘 丕賱噩賴丕夭 丕賱毓氐亘賷 丕賱丨乇賰賷 貙賵賷購賮賯丿 丕賱賲氐丕亘 亘賴 賯丿乇鬲賴 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲丨賰賲 賮賷 毓囟賱丕鬲賴
賵賴賱 鬲毓賱賲 兀賳 丕賱兀胤亘丕亍 賯丿 兀禺亘乇賵賴 亘兀賳賴 賱賳 賷毓賷卮 賱兀賰孬乇 賲賳 毓丕賲賷賳責
賵賱賰賳 賷亘丿賵 兀賳 廿氐乇丕乇 丕賱乇噩賱 賵毓夭賷賲鬲賴 噩毓賱鬲丕賴 賷毓賷卮 賰賱 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賲乇
賱亘賲賱兀 丕賱兀乇囟 亘廿亘丿丕毓丕鬲賴

賰丕賳 爻鬲賷賮賳 賵賯鬲賴丕 賷丨囟賾乇 乇爻丕賱鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 亘噩丕賲毓丞 賰丕賲亘乇賷丿噩
賵賱賲 賷賲賳毓賴 賲乇囟賴 賲賳 廿賰賲丕賱賴丕 賱賷卮睾賱 賲賳氐亘 兀爻鬲丕匕 丕賱乇賷丕囟賷丕鬲 丕賱匕賷 賰丕賳 賷卮睾賱賴 賳賷賵鬲賳 賮賷 賳賮爻 丕賱噩丕賲毓丞

丨鬲賶 毓丕賲1974 賰丕賳 賴賵賰賳噩 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱毓賳丕賷丞 亘賳賮爻賴 亘毓囟 丕賱卮賷亍
廿賱丕 兀賳 鬲賮丕賯賲 丕賱賲乇囟 噩毓賱賴 丨亘賷爻丕賸 賱賰乇爻賷 賲鬲丨乇賰 貙亘丕賱廿囟丕賮丞 廿賱賶 匕賱賰 賮賯丿 毓丕賳賶 賲賳 毓賲賱賷丞 丕爻鬲卅氐丕賱 賱賱丨賳噩乇丞 賱賷賮賯丿 氐賵鬲賴 鬲賲丕賲丕

賵賱丨爻賳 丨馗賴 貙賮賯丿 兀賴丿丕賴 賵丕賱鬲 賵賵賱鬲賵夭 貙禺亘賷乇 丕賱賰賲亘賷賵鬲乇貙 亘乇賳丕賲噩丕 毓亘賯乇賷丕 賷鬲賷丨 賱賴 兀賳 賷禺鬲丕乇 賰賱賲丕鬲 賲賳 爻賱爻賱丞 賯賵丕卅賲 毓賱賶 丕賱丨丕爻賵亘貙 亘賲噩乇丿 賰亘爻丞 毓賱賶 賲賮鬲丕丨 賮賷 賷丿賴貙 亘賱 賵賷爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賳 賷鬲丨賰賾賲 亘賴 亘毓賷賳賷賴貙 賵丨乇賰丞 乇兀爻賴 賰匕賱賰 賵毓賳丿賲丕 賷賳鬲賴賷 賲賳 亘賳丕亍 噩賲賱鬲賴 賷乇爻賱賴丕 廿賱賶 賳丕胤賯 丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲
賵賯丿 孬亘鬲賾 丕賱噩賴丕夭 毓賱賶 賰乇爻賷賴 丕賱賲鬲丨乇賰 賱賷爻鬲胤賷毓 爻鬲賷賮賳 丕賱鬲丨丿孬 賲毓 丕賱丨乇賰丞 亘丨乇賷丞 兀賰亘乇
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丕丨鬲賱 賴賵賰賳噩 賰乇爻賷 丕賱乇賷丕囟賷丕鬲 賮賷 賰丕賲亘乇賷丿噩 貙賵賴賵 兀毓賱賶 賲賳氐亘 賷丨鬲賱賴 兀爻鬲丕匕 賮賷 丕禺鬲氐丕氐賴
丨賷孬 卮睾賱賴 毓賱賲丕亍 兀賲孬丕賱 賳賷賵鬲賳 賵鬲卮丕乇賱夭 亘丕亘賷噩 賵亘賵賱 丿賷乇丕賰

賱賴賵賰賳噩 兀亘丨丕孬 賳馗乇賷丞 賮賷 毓賱賲 丕賱賰賵賳 賵賮賷 丕賱毓賱丕賯丞 亘賷賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍 賵丕賱丿賷賳丕賲賷賰丕 丕賱丨乇丕乇賷丞
賵丿乇丕爻丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱鬲爻賱爻賱 丕賱夭賲賳賷

賰賲丕 賵囟毓 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 毓丿賷丿丞 毓賳 鈥徹ㄘз娯� 丕賱賰賵賳 賲賳匕 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇
賵兀賷囟丕賸 毓賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍
賵丕賱鬲賷 兀胤賱賯 毓賱賶 廿卮毓丕毓賴丕 廿卮毓丕毓 賴賵賰賳噩


噩夭亍 賲賳 賲賯丕亘賱丞 賱賴 賲毓 賱丕乇賷 賰賷賳噩
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毓賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘
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賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵亘氐賵乇丞 賲亘爻賾胤丞 賳賵毓丕賸 貙 賷毓乇囟 亘毓囟 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱毓賱賲丕亍丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨丿孬鬲 毓賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賵丕賱夭賲賳 賰賳馗乇賷丕鬲 鈥徹X必池焚� 賵丌賷賳卮鬲賷賳 賵噩丕賱賷賱賷賵 賵賳賷賵鬲賳 兀賷囟丕賸鈥�

賷丿賵乇 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 兀爻丕爻賴 丨賵賱 丕賱賰賵賳
毓賳 鬲賲丿丿賴 貙賵廿賳賰賲丕卮賴 賵丨丿賵丿賴 貙賵毓賳 兀亘毓丕丿 鈥徹з勜操呚з�

賴匕丕 丕賱乇噩賱 噩毓賱 毓賯賱賷 賷乇賵丨 賷賲賷賳丕賸 賵賷爻丕乇丕賸
丿賵禺賳賷 賲毓賴 亘賰賲賽賾 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲賴 丕賱賴丕卅賱 貙貙 賵兀賮賰丕乇賴 丕賱賲爻鬲賳賷乇丞

賮賷 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 賷丨丿孬賰 爻鬲賷賮賳 毓賳 丕賱鬲氐賵乇 鈥徹з勝傌娰� 賱賱賰賵賳 亘廿禺鬲氐丕乇 賵賷賲孬賱 賱賰 亘鬲氐賵乇 鈥徹X必池焚� 丕賱兀卮賴乇 賲乇賵乇丕賸 亘亘胤賱賷賲賵爻 賵睾賷乇賴賲

鬲氐賵乇 兀乇爻胤賵 賰丕賳 賰丕賱鬲丕賱賷
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鬲丐孬乇 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱毓賳丕氐乇 賯賵鬲丕賳
丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 貙貙兀賷 賳夭毓丞 丕賱兀乇囟 賵丕賱賲丕亍 廿賱賶 丕賱賴亘賵胤
賵丕賱禺賮賾丞 貙貙兀賷 賳夭毓丞 丕賱賴賵丕亍 賵丕賱賳丕乇 廿賱賶 丕賱氐毓賵丿
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賵廿賰鬲卮丕賮 兀賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賷鬲賲丿丿 賰賲丕 賷乇賶 鈥徺囐堎冑嗀� 貙賴賵 鈥徹ヘ� 丕賱孬賵乇丕鬲 丕賱孬賯丕賮賷丞 鈥徹з勜关纲娰呚� 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱毓卮乇賷賳

賮賷賯賵賱
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鈥庂堌ㄘз勜Y呝� 賵乇丕亍貙 賮廿賳 賲賳 丕賱爻賴賱 丕賱鬲毓噩亘 賱丌賳 鈥徹X� 賱賲 賷賮賰乇 賮賷 匕賱賰 賲賳 賯亘賱 貙 賮賯丿 賰丕賳 賷賳亘睾賷 毓賱賶 鈥忊€徺嗁娰堌� 賵睾賷乇賴 兀賳 賷鬲亘賷賳賵丕 兀賳 賰賵賳丕 爻鬲丕鬲賷賰賷丕 賱賳 賷賱亘孬 兀賳 鈥徺娯ㄘ� 爻乇賷毓丕 賮賷 丕賱丕賳賰賲丕卮 亘鬲兀孬賷乇 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞
鈥徺堎勝冑� 鈥徺勝嗁佖必� 亘丿賱丕 賲賳 匕賱賰 兀賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賷鬲賲丿丿 . 賮賱賵 賰丕賳 賷鬲賲丿丿 鈥徹ㄘ池必关� 亘胤賷卅丞 廿賱賶 丨丿 賲丕 貙 賮廿賳 賯賵丞 鈥徹з勜ж柏ㄙ娯� 爻鬲噩毓賱賴 鈥徺佡� 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 賷鬲賵賯賮 毓賳 丕賱鬲賲丿丿 賱賷亘丿兀 亘毓丿賴丕 賮賷 鈥徹з勜з嗁冑呚ж� . 兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賷鬲賲丿丿 亘爻乇毓丞 鈥徹Y冐ㄘ� 賲賳 賲毓丿賱 鈥徹必� 毓賷賳 貙 賮廿賳 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 賱賳 鬲賰賵賳 賯胤 賯賵賷丞 亘賲丕 賷賰賮賷 鈥徺勝堎傎� 鬲賲丿丿賴 貙 賵爻賵賮 賷爻鬲賲乇 鈥徹з勝冑堎� 賮賷 丕賱鬲賲丿丿 賱賱兀亘丿

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賵毓賳 丕賱廿乇鬲亘丕胤 亘賷賳 丕賱賲賰丕賳 賵丕賱夭賲丕賳貙 賷丨丿孬賰 鈥徹池娰佡� 鈥徹官� 兀賴賲賷丞 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 賳賷賵鬲賳 賵丕賱鬲賷 鈥徹堌囏� 亘賵囟毓賴 鈥徺勝傌з嗁堎� 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 丕賱賰賵賳賷丞
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賵賯丿 丕毓鬲亘乇賴丕 兀賰亘乇 睾賱胤丞 賯丕賲 亘賴丕 賮賷 丨賷丕鬲賴貙 毓丿賾賱 鈥徺佡娰囏� 鈥徺佡娰呚� 亘毓丿

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賵兀賷 賲丕丿丞 爻鬲賴賵賷 廿賱賶 鈥徹ж� 鈥徹з勜傌� 爻鬲鬲丿賲乇 毓賳丿 丕賱賲賮乇丿丞 貙 賵賱賳 賷馗賱 賲丨爻賵爻丕 賮賷 鈥徹з勜ж必� 廿賱丕 鬲兀孬賷乇 噩丕匕亘賷丞 賰鬲賱鬲賴丕
賵賲賳 鈥徹з勝嗀ж娯� 鈥徹з勜X辟� 貙 毓賳丿賲丕 賷丐禺匕 賮賷 丕賱丨爻亘丕賳 鬲兀孬賷乇丕鬲 丕賱賰賲 貙 鈥徺佖ベ嗁� 賷亘丿賵 兀賳 賰鬲賱丞 兀賵 胤丕賯丞 丕賱賲丕丿丞 爻鬲購毓丕丿 鈥徺佡� 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 鈥徹ベ勝� 亘丕賯賷 丕賱賰賵賳 貙 賵兀賳 丕賱孬賯亘 丕賱兀爻賵丿 賴賵 賵兀賷 賲賮乇丿丞 鈥徺呝� 丿丕禺賱賴 貙 爻賵賮 賷鬲亘禺乇 亘毓賷丿丕 鈥徺勝娯佡� 賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞
賴賱 賷賰賵賳 賱賲賷賰丕賳賷賰 丕賱賰賲 鬲兀孬賷乇 丿乇丕賲賷 賲爻丕賵賺 賱匕賱賰 鈥徹官勝� 賲賮乇丿鬲賷 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇 鈥徺堌з勜з嗀池з� 丕賱賰亘賷乇 責 賲丕 鈥徹з勜百� 賷丨丿孬 丨賯丕賸 兀孬賳丕亍 丕賱兀胤賵丕賱 丕賱賲亘賰乇丞 噩丿丕賸 兀賵 鈥徹з勝呚X必� 噩丿丕賸 賲賳 丕賱賰賵賳 鈥徹官嗀呚� 鬲賰賵賳 賲噩丕賱丕鬲 鈥徹з勜ж柏ㄙ娯� 賲賳 丕賱賯賵丞 亘丨賷孬 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 鬲噩丕賴賱 鬲兀孬賷乇丕鬲 鈥徹з勝冑� 責 賴賱 賱賱賰賵賳 丨賯賷賯丞 鈥徹ㄘз娯� 兀賵 賳賴丕賷丞 責 賵廿匕丕 賰丕賳 鈥徹з勜Y呚� 賰匕賱賰 貙 賮賰賷賮 鬲亘丿賵丕賳 責鈥�
_______________________________________________

賵 賷賯賵賲 爻鬲賷賮賳 亘毓丿賴丕 亘鬲賵爻賷毓 賲丿丕乇賰賰 毓賳 鈥徹з勝冑堎� 貙貙 鈥徺冑娰� 賳卮兀 貙貙 賲丕 賲毓賳賶 丕賱鬲賲丿丿 賵 鈥徺冑娰� 亘丿兀 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 鈥徺娯池冐促� 賲噩賲賵毓鬲賴 鈥徹з勜促呚迟娯� 賵兀乇囟賴 賵丕賱賰賵賳 賲賳 鈥徹堎勝�
賱賷匕賴亘 亘賳丕 廿賱賶 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱廿賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇

賱賯丿 丕爻鬲賲乇 丕賱噩丿丕賱 丨賵賱 賳卮兀丞 丕賱賰賵賳 賵鬲丕乇賷禺賴 賮賷 鈥忊€徹з勜操呚з� 鈥�
賴賱 賱賴 亘丿丕賷丞 賮賷 丕賱夭賲丕賳責 兀賵 賰丕賳 賲丨丿賵丿丕 賮賷 丕賱賮囟丕亍 鈥徹�

賮賷 毓丕賲 1929 貙賯丕賲 賴丕亘賱 亘廿孬亘丕鬲 兀賳 丕賱賲噩乇丕鬲 鈥徺堌з勝嗀堎� 鈥徹ㄘж关� 亘爻乇毓丞 賰亘賷乇丞 賵丕賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賰賰賱 丌禺匕 鈥徺佡� 丕賱鬲賲丿丿 鈥徺堌з勜ヘ池ж� 鈥�

賵賯丿 兀丿賾賶 匕賱賰 廿賱賶 馗賴賵乇 賲賳丕亘鬲 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 鈥徹з勝冐ㄙ娯� 貙賵亘丿兀鬲 賮賰乇丞 鬲鬲禺賷賱 賰賷賮 賰丕賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賲鬲賳丕賴賷丕賸 鈥徺佡� 丕賱氐睾乇 鈥徺堎冐з佖� 賱丕 賲鬲賳丕賴賷丞鈥�
賵鬲乇噩賾丨 兀賳 丕賱夭賲賳 亘丿兀 賲毓 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇

賷毓鬲賯丿 兀氐丨丕亘 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 兀賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賰丕賳 毓亘丕乇丞 毓賳 賰鬲賱丞 氐睾賷乇丞 匕丕鬲 賰孬丕賮丞 賵丨乇丕乇丞 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 鬲氐賵乇賴丕
孬賲 丕賳賮噩乇鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱賰鬲賱丞 丕賳賮噩丕乇丕賸 賴丕卅賱丕賸 賲賳匕 賯乇丕亘丞 13 賲賱賷丕乇 爻賳丞 賱賷賳鬲噩 毓賳 丕賳賮噩丕乇賴丕 爻丨丕亘丞 賴丕卅賱丞 賲賳 丕賱睾丕夭 賵丕賱睾亘丕乇 丕賱賰賵賳賷

賵賷丐賰丿 賱賰 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 兀賳 丕賱夭賲丕賳 賯亘賱 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇 賱丕 鈥忊€徺娰呝冑� 鬲丨丿賷丿賴
亘賲毓賳賶 丌禺乇 賱賲 賷賰賳 賴賳丕賰 賲丕 賷爻賲賶 鈥徹ㄘз勜操呚з� 兀氐賱丕賸


a computer-generated explosion representing the Big Bang

賮賷賯賵賱
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鈥徺呚� 匕賱賰貙 賰丕賳 丕賱丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賲鬲賲賷賾夭貙 丕賱匕賷 鬲賲 賮賷 鈥徺嗁囏з娯� 鈥徹з勝傌辟� 丕賱毓卮乇賷賳貙 賴賵 鬲賷賯賳賳丕 亘丕賱賮毓賱 賲賳 賵噩賵丿 鈥徹� 鈥徹Y堎�: 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱毓馗賷賲貙 丕賱匕賷 賯丿 賷卮亘賴 丕賱亘賷囟丞 鈥徹Y冐� 鈥徺呝呝懾� 賷卮亘賴 丕賱丿噩丕噩丞貙 賵賲毓 匕賱賰 賱賷爻 賰兀賷賺 賲賳賴賲丕
賮賯丿 馗賴乇 賰賱 賲賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賵丕賱夭賲丕賳 賱賱賵噩賵丿 兀賵賱 賲乇丞 鈥忊€徹官嗀� 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱毓馗賷賲貙 賵匕賱賰 賴賵 丕賱爻亘亘 丕賱兀賵賱貙 賮廿匕丕 鈥忊€徹ж池坟官嗀� 賮賴賲 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱毓馗賷賲 賮爻賳毓乇賮 爻亘亘 馗賴賵乇 鈥忊€徹з勝冑堎� 毓賱賶 氐賵乇鬲賴 鬲賱賰
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賵賷賳鬲賯賱 亘毓丿賴丕 廿賱賶 毓賳丕氐乇 鬲賰賵賷賳 丕賱賲丕丿丞
賰賷賮 鬲賵氐賱賳丕 廿賱賶 廿賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱匕乇丞 貙貙 賵賰賷賮 鈥徺冑嗀� 賳鬲禺賷賱 鈥徹X藏ж� 丕賱賲丕丿丞 賵賯丕亘賱賷鬲賴丕 賱賱廿賳卮胤丕乇 鈥徺呝� 賯亘賱 貙貙 賵賷丨賷賱賰 鈥徹ベ勝� 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 亘氐賮鬲賴丕 鈥徺呝� 丕賱賯賵賶 丕賱賲丐孬乇丞 毓賱賶 毓賳丕氐乇 鈥徺冑堎嗁嗀� 鈥徹з勜X池ж迟娯�

丨鬲賶 賷賵賲賳丕 賴匕丕 貙賷毓鬲亘乇 丕賱賰賵丕乇賰 賴賵 兀氐睾乇 鈥忊€徹з勜迟娰呚ж�
賵丕賱賰賵丕乇賰 賴賵 噩爻賷賲 兀賵賱賷 賲卮丨賵賳 賷丨爻 亘丕賱賯賵賶 丕賱賰亘乇賶
丕賱亘乇賵鬲賵賳丕鬲 賵丕賱賳賷鬲乇賵賳丕鬲 賷鬲賰賵賳 賰賱 賲賳賴賲丕 賲賳 3 賰賵丕乇賰丕鬲
================================
賷氐賱 亘賰 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 兀禺賷乇丕賸 廿賱賶 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍 鈥忊€廮兀賲鬲毓 鈥徺佖蒂堎� 丕賱賰鬲丕亘
賱賷丨丿孬賰 毓賳 賲賮賴賵賲賴丕

賵丕賱孬賯亘 丕賱兀爻賵丿 賴賵 賲賳胤賯丞 賮賷 丕賱賲賰丕賳 -丕賱夭賲丕賳
賱丕 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賷 卮賷亍 丕賱賴乇賵亘 賲賳賴丕 賵賱丕 丨鬲賶 丕賱囟賵亍
賱賯賵丞 噩丕匕亘賷鬲賴丕 丕賱卮丿賷丿丞

賵賷匕賴亘 亘賰 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 廿賱賶 兀賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 鈥徹з勜迟堌ж� 賱賷爻鬲 鈥徹� 爻賵丿丕亍
賰賲丕 兀賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 賰賱賲丕 賰丕賳鬲 兀氐睾乇 賰賱賲丕 賰丕賳鬲 鈥徹X簇� 鈥徹堎囏з� 貙賵亘丕賱鬲丕賱賷 鬲賰賵賳 賯丿乇鬲賳丕 毓賱賶 鈥徹必地囏� 兀賮囟賱

================================

賲賳 兀賲鬲毓 賲丕 賯乇兀鬲 毓賳賴 賴賳丕 兀賷囟丕賸 賴賵 丕賱噩爻賷賲 賵賲囟丕丿賴
賮賰賱 賳賵毓 賲賳 噩爻賷賲丕鬲 丕賱賲丕丿丞 賱賴 賲囟丕丿 噩爻賷賲 賲賳丕馗乇 賱賴
賵毓賳丿賲丕 賷氐胤丿賲 丕賱噩爻賷賲 亘賲囟丕丿賴 賮廿賳賴賲丕 賷賮賳賷丕賳
賵賱丕 賷鬲禺賱賮 毓賳 匕賱賰 廿賱丕 丕賱胤丕賯丞
賵賷丿賱賱 亘兀賲孬賱丞 賲賲鬲毓丞 賰匕賱賰
^_^

丕賱賮賰乇丞 丕賱鬲賷 賵噩丿鬲賴丕 賲孬賷乇丞 賴賷 毓丿賲 鬲爻丕賵賷 毓丿丿 丕賱賰丕賵乇賰丕鬲 賲毓 賲囟丕丿丕鬲賴丕 賵 賴匕丕 賲賳 丨爻賳 丨馗賳丕 賮賱賵 賰丕賳鬲 賲鬲賲丕孬賱丞 賱賰丕賳 兀賮賳賶 兀丨丿賴賲丕 丕賱丌禺乇 賮賷 丕賱賰賵賳 丕賱賲亘賰乇 賱鬲鬲乇賰 賰賵賳丕賸 賲賱賷卅丕賸 亘丕賱廿卮毓丕毓 賱丕 賷賰丕丿 賷丨鬲賵賷 兀賷 賲丕丿丞

鬲禺賷賾賱 賲毓賷
賱丕 賲噩乇丕鬲 賵賱丕 賳噩賵賲 賵賱丕 賰賵丕賰亘
賵賱丕 賳丨賳 鈥�


毓賳丿賲丕 鬲卮乇丿 賯賱賷賱丕賸 賮賷 匕賱賰
丕丨賲
:P
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丕賱賰賵賳 亘賱丕 亘丿丕賷丞 賵亘賱丕 賳賴丕賷丞鈥�
鈥� 鈥�
鈥庂娯辟� 賴賵賰賳噩 兀賳
鈥庘€� 賲毓馗賲 丕賱賳丕爻 賵氐賱賵丕 廿賱賶 鈥徹з勜ベ娰呚з� 亘兀賳 丕賱賰賵賳 噩購毓賱 鈥徺勝娯焚堌� 丨爻亘 賲噩賲賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱鬲賷 賱丕 鬲購賰爻乇 鈥徹屬堎勝冑� 賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 鈥徹ㄘ辟嗀� 亘賲丕 賷賳亘睾賷 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰賵賳 鈥徹官勝娰� 毓賳丿 亘丿丕賷鬲賴 賵毓賱賶 兀賳賴 賱賵 賰丕賳 丕賱賰賵賳 亘賱丕 亘丿丕賷丞 鈥徺堌ㄙ勜� 丨乇賮 貙 鈥徺佖ベ嗁� 賱丕 鬲賰賵賳 賱賴 亘丿丕賷丞 賵賱丕 賳賴丕賷丞 賮賴賵 鈥徹ㄘㄘ池ж坟� 賲賵噩賵丿鈥�
鈥� 鈥�

賵賮賷 賮氐賱 爻賴賲 丕賱夭賲丕賳 貙貙 賷丨丿孬賰 賴賵賰賳噩 鈥徹官� 賲賮賴賵賲 鈥徹з勜操呝� 貙貙 賵丕乇鬲亘丕胤賴 亘賳馗乇賷丞 鈥徹з勝嗀池ㄙ娯�

賷乇賶 爻鬲賷賮賳 兀賳 賴賳丕賰 賮丕乇賯丕賸賸 賰亘賷乇丕賸 亘賷賳 鈥徹ヘз囐� 丕賱兀賲丕賲 鈥徺堌з勝堌必ж� 賱賱夭賲丕賳 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷 鈥徺佡� 丕賱丨賷丕丞 丕賱毓丕丿賷丞
鈥�
賵賷丿賱賱 賱賰 亘賲孬丕賱兀賸 胤乇賷賮丕賸

賮賷賯賵賱

鈥廮冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲冲

鈥徹蒂堎懾� 賯丿丨 賲丕亍 賷賯毓 賲賳 毓賱賶 賲丕卅丿丞 賵賷賳賰爻乇 鈥忊€徹官勝� 丕賱兀乇囟 廿賱賶 賯胤毓
賱賵 兀禺匕鬲 賱匕賱賰 賮賷賱賲丕賸 爻賷賳賲丕卅賷丕賸 貙 賮廿賳賴 鈥徹迟娰呝冑嗁� 亘爻賴賵賱丞 鈥徹Y� 鬲毓乇賮 廿匕丕 賰丕賳 丕賱賮賷賱賲 鈥徺娯迟娯� 兀賲丕賲丕賸 兀賵 賵乇丕亍 鈥�
賵賱賵 爻賷乇鬲賴 賵乇丕亍 賮爻賵賮 鬲乇賶 丕賱賯胤毓 鬲噩賲毓 鈥徺嗁佖迟囏� 賲毓丕賸 鈥徺佖ж� 賲賳 毓賱賶 丕賱兀乇囟賷丞 賵鬲賯賮夭 鈥徹关жω┵� 賱鬲賰賵賳 賯丿丨丕賸 鈥徺冐з呝勜з� 毓賱賶 丕賱賲丕卅丿丞

鈥庘赌︹赌�
賲丕匕丕 爻賷丨丿孬 廿賳 鬲賵賯賮 丕賱賰賵賳 毓賳 丕賱鬲賲丿丿 鈥徺堌ㄘ� 賮賷 鈥徹з勜ベ嗁冑呚ж�
爻賷丐丿賷 賴匕丕 廿賱賶 氐賳賵賮 丕賱廿丨鬲賲丕賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鈥徺呝� 賳賵毓 鈥徺娯簇ㄙ� 丕賱乇賵丕賷丕鬲 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞 亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 鈥徺勝勝嗀ж� 丕賱匕賷賳 爻賷亘賯賵賳 鈥徹X娯ж� 賲賳 胤賵乇 鈥徹з勜呚� 丨鬲賶 胤賵乇 丕賱廿賳賰賲丕卮
賴賱 爻賷乇賵賳 丕賱兀賯丿丕丨 丕賱賲賰爻賵乇丞 鬲噩賲毓 鈥徺嗁佖迟囏� 賲毓丕賸 賲賳 鈥徹官勝� 丕賱兀乇囟賷丞 賵鬲亘 毓丕卅丿丞 鈥徺佡堎� 丕賱賲丕卅丿丞責
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Profile Image for Jason Koivu.
Author听7 books1,380 followers
March 14, 2018
Isn't it amazing that a person can read a book like A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking and come away feeling both smarter and dumber than before he started? What a universe we live in!

It's quite short and generally a quick read. Not every page is filled with mind-blowing/numbing theories and brain-busting equations. Some of it is just history, say on Newton and such. However, there were a few pages worth of passages where my wee brain felt like it was getting sucked into a black hole...mainly during the black hole segment.

I've forgotten so much since I left school, and since school was such a long time ago, some of what was taught back then is now outdated, it was nice to read this refresher/cleanser.

I came away with a better understanding of the Big Bang theory and why it's plausible (Not the tv show. Its existence is not plausible). I'm trying to sort out the time/space quantifiability thing. That's going to require a reread...and probably further study elsewhere.

Surprisingly, I also came away with the idea that God and science can coexist. I didn't expect that. I figured someone like Hawking would be like, "God? Pssh, whatever." But that's not his take at all, or at least that not the impression this book left me with.

A Brief History of Time was written with accessibility in mind, knowing full well idiots like me wouldn't buy it, read it or recommend it if it were impossibly dense. Hawking's sense of humor even comes through on occasion, which is always appreciated in these sciencey texty thingies. So, I'll probably move on to his Briefer History... next and I'd be quite willing to read others as well!
Profile Image for Ahmad Sharabiani.
9,562 reviews761 followers
September 3, 2021
A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes, Stephen Hawking

What is it that our eyes do that could possibly affect things?

A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes is a popular-science book on cosmology (the study of the universe) by British physicist Stephen Hawking. It was first published in 1988. Hawking wrote the book for nonspecialist readers with no prior knowledge of scientific theories.

In A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking attempts to explain a range of subjects in cosmology, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones, to the non-specialist reader.

His main goal is to give an overview of the subject, but he also attempts to explain some complex mathematics.

In the 1996 edition of the book and subsequent editions, Hawking discusses the possibility of time travel and wormholes and explores the possibility of having a Universe without a quantum singularity at the beginning of time.

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鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 18/07/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 11/06/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
Profile Image for Anne.
4,596 reviews70.6k followers
August 15, 2024
Well, then.
I know most of you think this is a book in which Stephen Hawking explains the history of what we think we know about space and time and the beginnings and end of the universe.
You're wrong.
This is a book in which Stephen Hawking shows people like me how poor our comprehension skills are.
WHAT EVEN IS QUANTUM MECHANICS!?
And more importantly, who are these people who understand it!?
Granted, I still use my fingers to count, so...

description

You know what surprised me most about this book?
As he was talking about Copernicus and Newton and Einstein and all of the theories they've come up with to describe how the universe works and how the earth spins and the stars burn, he never ONCE mentioned the Flat Earth theory as a viable thing. I mean, he kinda sorta flipped through it as a 'thing of the past' because of some 5th-century dude called Pythagoras thought there was something wonky about the moon being round if the earth wasn't round, too. It took a few hundred more years for Aristotle to put his name behind the idea and then apparently everyone just went with it.
But seriously.
Are we 100% sure the earth isn't flat?
Because I saw this YouTube video the other day that made a really good case for it. <--hosted by this guy called QAnon - sounded totally legit

description

He also talked a lot about the universe expanding and how that relates to (maybe) how the universe started. It seems as though common sense would say that if everything is moving away from each other, then if you were to hit rewind on your VCR you might be able to see it all contracting back together. At some point that contraction is just going to get smaller and smaller and smaller and smaller and... <--then he brought up the quantum mechanics thing and just lost me.
Ok, to be fair, he lost me when he started talking about how we MIGHT not be the center of the universe with everything revolving around the Earth.

description

The bottom line is that this is a love story about science and math and all the other things that I don't understand very well.
But fuck it, I'm trying!
And that has to count for something, right?

description

Recommended for really smart people.
Or for people who are dumb as hell but don't mind being reminded of it.
Profile Image for BookHunter M  購H  賻M  賻D.
1,660 reviews4,388 followers
October 12, 2022

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賲毓 丕賳賶 丿丕乇爻 賴賳丿爻賴 賮乇丕睾賷丞 賵 賴賳丿爻丞 賵氐賮賷丞 賵 賲爻丕丨丞 噩賷賵丿賷爻賷賴 賵 乇賷丕囟賴 亘丨鬲賴 賵 鬲胤亘賷賯賷丞 賵 賮賷夭賷丕亍 毓丕賲賴 賵 孬賷乇賲賵 丿丕賷賳丕賲賷賰 賱賰賳 丨爻賷鬲 賵 丕賳丕 亘賯乇兀 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丿賴 丕賳賶 賰賳鬲 兀丿亘賶 賵 丕賳賶 禺乇賷噩 丿亘賱賵賲 夭禺乇賮賴

丿賴 賲卮 毓賷亘 賮賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賰賳 毓賷亘 賮賷丕 丕賳丕 賱兀賳賶 丿乇爻鬲 毓賱卮丕賳 兀卮鬲睾賱 賵 丕賴鬲賲賷鬲 亘爻 亘丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱毓賱賲賶 丕賱賱賶 賴爻鬲禺丿賲賴 賮賶 丕賱爻賵賯 賵 賰賲丕賳 賲賲賰賳 賷賰賵賳 胤乇賷賯丞 丕賱鬲丿乇賷爻 兀賷丕賲賳丕 賰丕賳鬲 賲卮賶 丨丕賱賰 賵 賰賱 毓賷卮

丕賱賲賴賲 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲毓 匕賱賰 卮賷賯 賵 賲賲鬲毓 賵 賲賮賷丿 噩丿丕 賵兀爻賱賵亘賴 乇卮賷賯 賵 鬲乇噩賲鬲賴 賲賲鬲丕夭賴 賵 丿賲賴 禺賮賷賮 賵 賮賷賴 賰賲賷丞 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲 鬲賳賵亍 亘賴丕 丕賱毓氐亘賴 兀賵賱賶 丕賱賯賵賴
亘毓丿 賲丕 亘賳賯乇兀 丕賱丨丕噩丕鬲 丿賶 兀賰賷丿 亘賳鬲丨爻乇 毓賱賶 亘賱丕丿賳丕 賵 毓賱賲丕卅賳丕 賵 毓賱賶 賳賮爻賳丕 賵 亘賳兀賲賱 賷噩賶 賷賵賲 賷賳氐賱丨 賮賷賴 丕賱丨丕賱
Profile Image for Sean Barrs .
1,122 reviews47.4k followers
June 21, 2019
Stephen Hawking writes in a very simple and approachable way. On the surface the book has been written for the common man, for he who has little knowledge of theoretical physics.

Hawking uses basic terminology and he tries not to overload his writing with explanations and information dumps, but at times it is very clear that the reader needs a certain level of knowledge to understand what he's talking about. As such, Hawking makes certain assumptions as he shifts from concept to concept which left me a little confused. Things that don't appear related are related and it made me question who the intended readership really was.

I do believe this is a book every reader should try because it is an important one, full of discussions and ideas that could really open up your mind. But I would warn you to be prepared, although this seems like light reading, much of it may go over your head.

Approach with caution.
Profile Image for David Sarkies.
1,910 reviews361 followers
April 2, 2015
Things I learnt from Stephen Hawking
11 October 2014

Ever since I took up physics in year 11 I have had a love affair with the subject, which is odd since I went on to study an arts/law degree (but that probably had something to do with the fact that I would not have had the staying power to pour all of my energy into helping human knowledge advance towards establishing a unified theory). I still wonder where I ended up getting this book, and it had been sitting on my shelf for quite a while (probably because I was too busy listening to people tell me why I shouldn't read this book), but it wasn't until said that it was the most unfinished book (that is people start reading it but do not have the staying power to get to the end) ever written (I'm sure there are other books that beat this book though). There are quite a few things that I have discovered while reading this book, and it is these discoveries that I wish to share with you:

1) This is not an anti-God book
One of the impressions that I got from certain people was that this was a book that an atheist wrote to try to argue that God does not exist, in much the same way that does in his books. However, that statement could not be further from the truth. In fact, throughout the book the question of the existence of God perpetually hangs in the background. Granted, Hawkings does suggest that if the concept of a infinite bounded universe (don't ask) turns out to be true then it would undermine God's existence, however he does not actually say that this may be the case. In fact his final sentence in this book is that the reason we study physics and try to find a unified theory is because we, as a race, seek to understand the mind of God.

2) Stephen Hawkings is actually a really good writer
This probably goes without saying, especially since the cover of my book says that it is a 'record breaking best seller'. While he is involved in some very serious and complicated research he is able to write in a way that many of us who have probably studied physics up to a year twelve level (that is the end of High school) can understand. Okay, I probably have an advantage over most other people since my Dad is a theoretical physicist that we have regular conversations about some of these high level concepts (such as by having any more than three dimensions would cause the orbits of the planets to collapse), but I still found that he was very easy to follow and he explained many of these high level concepts in a way that many of us could understand.

3) Scientists have a strange way of viewing the universe
Many of us would be familiar with this guy:

Doctor Sheldon Cooper

but as it turns out, after reading this book, I have come to the conclusion that a lot of theoretical physicists seem to live in the same world that he does. Okay, they probably don't spend their time at the comic book store, or arguing whether Babylon Five is better than Star Trek (actually, one of my primary school friends is a theoretical physicist, and we did have such an argument), but they do seem to see the world in a way that we ordinary people would consider strange.

For instance, we see space as flat, meaning that if we look at a star, as far as we are concerned the star is in that direction. However physicists see space as being curved and that a straight line is not necessarily straight. We would see a brick wall as being a solid object and that the idea of walking through one would result in a sore nose. However physicists see it as being made up of mostly space, and the only reason we can't walk through it is because the nuclear forces (forces that exist inside an atom, not the force that can level an entire city) prevent us for doing so. Then there is the concept of dimensions: to us there are only three dimensions, however some scientists (and Hawking is not one of them) see that there are in fact ten, or even more, dimensions.

4) Why are so many scientists atheists
While reading this book I could not get past about how complex this universe is and it made me wonder why it is, with the mathematical precision of the universe, and the complexity that lies therein, that so many scientists seem to argue that it all came about by chance. Even Hawking argues, using the second law of thermodynamics, that the universe cannot move from a state of disorder to a state of order 鈥� a broken plate simply cannot mend itself. However, the argument also goes that with the Big Bang Theory (not the television show) that the universe began in a state of disorder and moved to a state of order, however the laws of physics seem to suggest otherwise because what the big bang did was sent in motion a series of laws that caused the universe to come about to what we have at the moment. However, to go into details would require some intense theoretical physics, something which I have do desire to delve into at the moment.

5) Scientists assume the speed of light is a constant
The truth is that it is not. Okay, if light were travelling through a vacuum where there are no external forces acting upon it, then it is a constant, but that is very rarely the case. Take for instance this phenomena:

Refracting Light Through a Prism

The reason light behaves thus is because when it hits the prism it SLOWS DOWN, and when it slows down it refracts. Thus my point is proven, the speed of light is only a constant when there are no external forces acting upon it.

So, what external forces may act upon light in space. Well, first of all there are black holes. When light hits a black hole the force of gravity is so strong that it will actually prevent light from escaping. Thus, gravity is a force that effects light and slows it down. Then there is the concept of , which are clouds of matter that do not emit light and float between the star systems. Okay, we know very little about the stuff (and it is also a theory, so it has not been proven) but my hypothesis is that if this stuff exists then would it not have an effect upon light, namely by slowing it down, which means that there is a possibility that our calculations as to the distance of stars from our own Sun could actually be wrong?

6) Scientists do not know as much as we think they know
One of the things that Hawking stresses in this book is that theories are not actually proven. A theory is an idea that has some foundation based on mathematical calculations and empirical evidence. Therein lies the problem. Much of our understanding of the universe is based upon mathematical calculations, and it appears that if an event comes about which causes this mathematical calculation to break down, they immediately set out to try to find another mathematical equation to plug the hole.

Take light for instance. For years we believed that light acted as a wave and suddenly it was discovered that it also behaves like a particle (a particle of light is called a photon). The same goes with matter 鈥� for years we believed that they were particles when all of the sudden we discovered that they can also behave like waves. As such, our understanding of the universe suddenly breaks down (meaning that we are not necessarily made up of atoms, but have wavelike properties as well).

Mathematical equations have been very destructive in out modern world. Take the Global Financial Crisis for instance. A bunch of apparently really smart people create complex mathematical equations to determine when to buy and sell shares and how to make billions of dollars. However what these equations did not take into account was the fact that people could not simply continue to accumulate debt without having to pay it back and when people began to default on their loans enmass, the whole concept broke down and we were taken to the brink of financial armageddon.

Another point goes back to Ancient Greece. Here we have the theory of Democritus, namely that matter was not infinitely indivisible (the smallest piece of matter is an atom), and then the theory of Aristotle, that is that matter is infinitely divisible. Scientists preferred Democritus' theory, however they soon discovered that you could break down the atom into protons and neutrons, and you could even break them down to quarks. So, maybe Aristotle was right after all.

7) We accept their theories because our gadgets work
It goes without saying that their research and discoveries have lead to the computer that I am writing this on, the energy that powers our devices, and the bombs that can level entire cities. We know how to make a nuclear bomb, as well as a smart phone, so we don't question what they say, because it obviously works. However, as a friend of mine once said, it is still all based on theory, and just because something works does not necessarily mean that the theory is correct. Remember that penicillin was discovered by blind chance.

8) Nobel Prizes are simply shiny baubles that have no merit
Okay, maybe the people that win these prizes are actually really smart, but then again, the guys who set up also won a Nobel prize, which proves my point.

9) Nobody really knows how gravity works
Gravity is one of those odd forces that doesn't seem to connect with any of the other forces in our universe. As Hawking points out, there are four forces that have been identified: electro-magnetic, strong nuclear, weak nuclear, and gravity. Out of those four forces (five if you divide electric and magnetic, but since electricity will create a magnetic force, they are effectively combined) only gravity stands out. This is probably why Hawking spends so much time talking about black holes because black holes are where the gravitational pull is so strong that not even light can escape from its grasp. The other thing is that gravity does not, at least in our knowledge, have an opposing force. Gravity basically sucks, and that is all it does 鈥� it doesn't repulse as the other forces can.

It is interesting that in some texts that I have read (maybe it is speculative science-fiction but I simply cannot remember off the top of my head) some people have suggested that gravity is actually a force from another universe that affects our universe and what it is effectively doing is sucking our universe into their universe. However, as I have said, that is incredibly speculative, and since I am not a theoretical physicist I can't really say any more on the subject.

10) The God of the Gaps is a cop-out
The idea of the God of the Gaps is that where there are gaps in our knowledge we simply say 'oh, God did that' and think nothing more of it. This goes back to the days of paganism (and Medieval Europe) where all of the unknown forces, such as the weather, was attributed God (or the gods) and we could not know anything beyond that fact. However I am arguing that it is a cop out. Creation scientists who resort to this argument are at best lazy and at worst dangerous. The reason I say that is that it discourages research into areas that we do not understand. Okay, we may never be able to control the weather, or predict earthquakes, but that does not mean that we should throw our hands up in the air and say 'this is too hard'.

While I may be taking a swipe at creation scientists here, I would also take a swipe at the atheists who claim that there is no God. The reason I say that is because there seems to be a fear within the scientific community that suggests that we may not be able to know everything, or that our understanding of the universe may be wrong. The problem that arises is that if we throw the idea of God out of the window and claim that the universe came about by chance, then we deny the fact that we live in an incredibly ordered universe that we can learn and understand through the development of mathematical formulae. If a formulae turns out to be wrong, that does not mean that the universe will collapse in on itself 鈥� it won't 鈥� it just means that we have to go back to the drawing board and start over from scratch.

11) Why are Creation Scientists so dogmatic
Why is it that some members of the scientific community insist that we must take the Bible literally? The Bible is not a scientific text, and it was never meant to be a scientific text. It is a theological text that tells us how we should live with one another and how we should view God. Science exists beyond the Bible, and neither contradicts the other. Okay, granted, God has intervened in this world and done things that break the laws of science, but doesn't he have a right to do that 鈥� he created the universe? However, what the Bible tells us is that God is a god of order, and if he is a god of order then does it not make sense that the universe that he created is an ordered universe?

So, maybe you are looking for a whiz bang conclusion to my exposition on this book, but all I can say is that what I have written above pretty much sums up what I have learnt from this book. In a nutshell (hey, this is me in a nutshell), all I can say is that what I have learnt from this book is that the world is an amazingly ordered place in which we live, and having now completed this book I am just as committed to my Christian faith as I ever was. However, if theoretical physics fascinates you, then this is certainly a book that you should give a read (though you have probably done that already).

This review also appears on my . I have also commented on this book in my review on .
Profile Image for Simon Clark.
Author听1 book5,063 followers
December 17, 2018
This is an absolutely magical book, both objectively and for me specifically. I first read it when I was about 9 or 10, and ever since I've assumed that I didn't understand a thing, and read it as a childish boast. Fast forward nearly twenty years, degree and PhD in physics in hand, and I decided to give it a proper read. Much to my surprise I found that the book had permeated my brain! I remembered a huge number of the explanations, and the book resonated with the way I've thought about physics my entire academic career - I think I took in a great deal more than I first thought!

As a primer to physics (I would say modern physics, but the book is a little out of date) you really couldn't ask for anything better than this. Especially when it comes to cosmology, this is possibly the best popular physics book that I've ever read. It really is a classic for a reason. It's such a concise, understandable introduction to the field that I'm determined to get my girlfriend (a linguist with no real interest in physics) to read it. Not just because I think she'll understand it, but because I think she will enjoy it!

One peculiarity of the text is Hawking returning to the concept of God (with a capital G) over and over again. In some ways this feels like a transitional text, marking the passing of the public generation for whom the church determined the order of all things, and the coming of the current, secular generation. Unlike other authors (looking at you, Dawkins) Hawking always does so in a way that feels respectful while also forcefully stating his scientific case. It's quite feat of writing, much like the rest of the work.

You really should read this, it's fantastic.
Profile Image for Ahmad  Ebaid.
286 reviews2,221 followers
February 18, 2018
"賵丕賱賵丕賯毓 兀賳賳丕 賯丿 兀毓丿賳丕 鬲丨丿賷丿 賲賴賲丞 丕賱毓賱賲 賱鬲氐亘丨 丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲賰賳賳丕 賲賳 丕賱鬲賳亘丐 亘丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賵丿 丕賱鬲賷 賷賮乇囟賴丕 賲亘丿兀 毓丿賲 丕賱賷賯賷賳"
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亘丿兀 爻鬲賷賮賳 賴賵賰賷賳噩, 賵賴賵 毓丕賱賲 賮賷 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞, 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 丕賱賮鬲乇丞 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳 賲丕夭丕賱 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 賮賷賴丕 兀賳 賷爻鬲禺丿賲 氐賵鬲賴 賵賴賵 卮亘賴 賲卮賱賵賱 毓賱賶 賰乇爻賷賴 丕賱賲鬲丨乇賰, 孬賲 賵亘毓丿 賮鬲乇丞, 賵賯亘賱 兀賳 賷賰賲賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘, 禺囟毓 賱噩乇丕丨丞 卮賯鬲 賮賷賴丕 丨賳噩乇鬲賴, 賱賷匕賴亘 氐賵鬲賴 賵賴賵 丕賱卮賷亍 丕賱賵丨賷丿 丕賱匕賷 賰丕賳 賷鬲賵丕氐賱 亘賴 賲毓 丕賱毓丕賱賲 丌賳匕丕賰

馗賳 賮賷 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 兀賳賴 賱賳 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 廿賰賲丕賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘, 賵賱賰賳 兀丨丿 胤賱亘鬲賴 "亘乇賷丕賳 賴賵賷鬲" 賯丕賲 亘賲爻丕毓丿鬲賴, 賱賷爻 賮賯胤 毓賱賶 賲乇丕噩毓丞 丕賱賲爻賵丿丞, 賵廿賳賲丕 噩毓賱賴 兀賷囟丕賸 賷爻鬲禺丿賲 亘乇賳丕賲噩 賱鬲禺賱賷賯 丕賱兀氐賵丕鬲, 賵賴賵 賲丕 賮鬲丨 賳丕賮匕丞 噩丿賷丿丞 賱賴 毓賱賶 丕賱毓丕賱賲.

賵賴丕 賴賵 匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賷賳 賷丿丕賷, 賵亘賷賳 賷丿賷 丕賱賲賱丕賷賷賳.

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兀賵賱 賰鬲亘賴 丕賱賲賵噩賴 賱賱毓丕賲丞, 賷卮乇丨 賱賳丕 賮賷賴 丨氐賷賱丞 兀賵乇丕賯賴 丕賱亘丨孬賷丞,
賰鬲丕亘 氐睾賷乇 丕賱丨噩賲
丕賱孬賱孬 丕賱兀賵賱 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 鬲賯乇賷亘丕賸 賴賵 賲賯丿賲丞 鬲賲賴賷丿賷丞 毓賳 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍 丕賱鬲賷 爻賷卮乇丨 賱賳丕 賯氐鬲賴 賲毓賴丕 鬲丕賱賷丕賸 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘, 賵毓賳 丕賱賲丨丕賵賱丕鬲 賵丕賱賳鬲丕卅噩 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 爻亘賯鬲 兀亘丨丕孬賴.

孬賲 丕賱孬賱孬賷賳 丕賱丌禺乇賷賳 毓賳 兀賵乇丕賯賴 丕賱亘丨孬賷丞, 丕賱鬲賷 丕乇鬲賰夭鬲 毓賱賶 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍, 賵丕賱鬲賷 鬲毓鬲亘乇 賳賯胤丞 鬲賮乇丿 禺丕氐丞 丨賷孬 鬲賰賵賳 丕賱賰孬丕賮丞 賵丕賳丨賳丕亍 丕賱夭賲賰丕賳 毓賳丿賴丕 賱丕賳賴丕卅賷賷賳, 賵鬲賳賴丕乇 毓賳丿賴丕 賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 丕賱毓丕賲丞
賵賯丿 賯丕賲 賴賵賰賳噩 亘賲丨丕賵賱丞 鬲賮爻賷乇賴丕 亘丕爻鬲禺丿丕賲 賲亘丕丿卅 丕賱賰賲 鬲丨鬲 丕爻賲: "丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 丕賱賰賲賷丞", 賵賴賷 廿丨丿賶 賲丨丕賵賱丕鬲賴 賱氐賳毓 丨賱賯丞 賵氐賱 亘賷賳 賯賵賶 孬賯丕賱丞 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 賵亘賷賳 丕賱賯賵賶 丕賱孬賱丕孬 丕賱兀禺乇賶 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲 鬲賵丨賷丿賴丕 賲毓丕賸 賮賷 賳馗乇賷丞 賵丕丨丿丞 爻丕亘賯丕賸

孬賲 賷賳賴賷 亘丕賱賲丨丕賵賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賱鬲賴 賱鬲賵丨賷丿 丕賱賯賵賶 丕賱兀乇亘毓丞, 賮賷 賳馗乇賷丞 賵丕丨丿丞, 賳馗乇賷丞 賱賰賱 卮賷亍, 鬲丨丿賷丿丕 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱兀賵鬲丕乇, 賵丕賱兀賵鬲丕乇 丕賱賮丕卅賯丞

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廿匕賳 兀賷賳 賴賵 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賲賵噩夭 賱賱夭賲丕賳責 賱賯丿 兀賳亘兀鬲賳丕 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 丕賱毓丕賲丞 亘兀賳賴 廿匕丕 鬲丨乇賰 兀丨丿賴賲 亘爻乇毓丞 賮爻賵賮 賷賲乇 丕賱夭賲賳 毓賳丿賴 兀亘胤兀. 賰賲丕 兀賳亘兀鬲賳丕 亘兀賳 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞, 鬲爻亘亘 鬲卮賵賷賴丕賸 賮賷 賳爻賷噩 丕賱賲賰丕賳 賱鬲噩匕亘 廿賱賷賴丕 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍, 賵兀賷囟丕賸 鬲爻亘亘 鬲卮賵賷賴 丕賱夭賲丕賳, 賵亘賯乇亘賳丕 賲賳 賲氐丿乇 賯賵賷 賱賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 賰兀丨丿 兀胤賵丕乇 丕賱賳噩賲 賰亘賷乇 丕賱丨噩賲 "丕賱孬賯亘 丕賱兀爻賵丿", 賷爻賷乇 丕賱夭賲賳 毓賳丿賳丕 兀亘胤亍 賲賳 丕賱夭賲賳 毓賳丿 丕賱賲乇丕賯亘 丕賱亘毓賷丿 毓賳丿 賲氐丿乇 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞, 賵賯丿 乇兀賶 賲毓馗賲賰賲 鬲胤亘賷賯 賴匕賴 丕賱賮賰乇丞 賮賷 賮賷賱賲 丕賳鬲乇爻鬲賱乇.

賵賴賰匕丕 賮丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷鬲毓乇囟 賮賷 亘毓囟 賲賵丕囟毓賴 賱賱噩丕匕亘賷丞, 賵丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞 鬲丐孬乇 毓賱賶 丕賱夭賲賳. 丕賱夭賲賳 丕賱匕賷 賱賳 賷鬲胤乇賯 廿賱賷賴 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賰孬賷乇丕賸 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賴 廿匕丕 賲丕 丕爻鬲孬賳賷丕 丕賱賲賯丿賲丞 丕賱鬲賷 丨卮乇 賮賷賴丕 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱夭賲賳 丨卮乇丕賸 賱鬲鬲賵丕賮賯 賲毓 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱鬲噩丕乇賷, 賵丕賱匕賷 賵購賮賾賯 賮賷 丕禺鬲賷丕乇賴 賰毓賳賵丕賳 噩匕賾丕亘.


賮賷 丕賱賲賯丿賲丞 賷毓賱賱 丕賱賲丐賱賮 賰鬲丕亘丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘, 亘兀賳賴 賵乇睾賲 賵噩賵丿 毓丿丿 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱噩賷丿丞
"毓賱賶 兀賳賷 卮毓乇鬲 亘兀賳 兀賷 賲賳賴丕 賱賲 賷賰賳 賷禺丕胤亘 丨賯丕賸 丕賱兀爻卅賱丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀丿鬲 廿賱賶 丕賱賯賷丕賲 亘丕賱亘丨孬 賮賷 毓賱賲 丕賱賰賵賳賷丕鬲 賵賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賰賲: 賲賳 兀賷賳 兀鬲賶 丕賱賰賵賳, 賰賷賮 賵賱賲丕匕丕 亘丿兀責 賴賱 爻賷氐賱 廿賱賶 賳賴丕賷丞 責 賵廿匕丕 賰丕賳 丕賱兀賲乇 賰匕賱賰, 賮賰賷賮 爻鬲賰賵賳 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞

賵賴賳丕 鬲賱丕毓亘 亘丕賱賰賱丕賲, 賱賷丨賵賾賱 賰鬲丕亘賴 賲賳 賲噩乇丿 賰鬲丕亘 賷爻乇丿 亘賴 賲爻賷乇鬲賴 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞 賮賷 爻賷丕賯 丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賳賴丕卅賷丞, 廿賱賶 賰鬲丕亘 賷毓丕賱噩 丕賱兀爻卅賱丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丐乇賯 丕賱賰賱. 丕賱兀爻卅賱丞 丕賱鬲賷 賱賲 賷毓丿 丕賱賮賱丕爻賮丞 賯丕丿乇賷賳 毓賱賶 丕賱鬲毓丕賲賱 賲毓賴丕.
賵賴匕賴 丕賱毓亘丕乇丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨鬲賲賱 丕賱鬲兀賵賷賱 鬲丿毓賲 賲丕 賯賱鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賮賯乇丞 丕賱爻丕亘賯丞 毓賳 兀賳 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 賲賯氐賵丿 亘賴 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 鬲噩丕乇賷 亘睾囟 丕賱賳馗乇 毓賳 賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵賲丿賶 禺丿丕毓 丕賱賯丕乇賷 亘賴.

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賵賳兀鬲賷 兀禺賷乇丕賸 賱賱爻丐丕賱 丕賱兀賰孬乇 廿賱丨丕丨丕賸 賱賱賲毓馗賲, 賴賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賱賲亘鬲丿卅賷賳責 賵丕賱噩賵丕亘 賴賵 賱丕, 賮丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賯胤 賱賲鬲丕亘毓賷 丕賱毓賱賵賲 丕賱匕賷賳 賱丿賷賴賲 丕賱丨氐賷賱丞 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞 毓賳 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍, 賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 賷卮乇丨 鬲賱賰 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丕鬲 爻賵賶 亘噩賲賱 毓丕乇囟丞, 賱賳 鬲賲賰賳賰 賲賳 丕爻鬲賷毓丕亘 兀賷 卮賷亍

賵賱匕賱賰 賯丕賲 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 亘廿毓丿丕丿 賳爻禺丞 兀禺乇賶 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀賰孬乇 亘爻丕胤丞 亘毓賳賵丕賳, "鬲丕乇賷禺 兀賰孬乇 廿賷噩丕夭丕賸 賱賱夭賲丕賳" 鬲噩丿賵賳賴丕 賲鬲乇噩賲丞 兀賷囟丕賸

兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賱丿賷賰 丕賱丨氐賷賱丞 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞, 賮丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵賱丕 卮賰 鬲噩乇亘丞 賲賲賷夭丞, 賮丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲賱賷亍 亘丕賱毓賱賲 賮賷 賰賱 爻胤乇 賲賳賴,
賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷毓鬲亘乇 賳氐賮 鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賮賲毓馗賲 賲丕 賮賷賴 賲賳 賳馗乇賷丕鬲 鬲禺胤賵賴丕 丕賱丌賳, 兀賵 兀賳賴丕 賱賲 鬲賰賳 賲賰鬲賲賱丞 賮賷 匕賱賰 丕賱丨賷賳


賰丕賳 丕賱卮乇丨 爻賱爻賱, 賵丕爻鬲賳亘丕胤 丕賱賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲 賵鬲乇丕亘胤賴丕 賷卮賷 亘賲丿賶 鬲賲賰賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賵毓亘賯乇賷鬲賴 賮賷 廿毓丕丿丞 氐賷丕睾鬲賴丕 亘爻賱丕爻丞, 廿賱丕 兀賳賴 賴賳丕賱賰 丕爻鬲孬賳丕亍 亘爻賷胤 賮賷 亘囟毓 氐賮丨丕鬲 賷氐賮 賮賷賴丕 丌禺乇 噩夭亍 賲賳 兀亘丨丕孬賴, 賵乇亘賲丕 賷乇噩毓 匕賱賰 廿賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賲賵囟賵毓 賳賮爻賴 睾丕賲囟

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丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賲賳 鬲乇噩賲丞 賲氐胤賮賶 廿亘乇丕賴賷賲 賮賴賲賷, 賲鬲乇噩賲 賯丿賷乇 賱賱亘賷賵賱賵噩賷, 賵賱賰賳賴 鬲噩丕賴賱 賯丕賲賵爻 丕賱賲氐胤賱丨丕鬲 廿賱賶 丨丿 賰亘賷乇, 賮賯丕賲 亘鬲乇噩賲丞 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇丕鬲 亘賲丕 賷乇丕賴 賲賳丕爻亘丕 丿賵賳 兀賳 賷乇噩毓 廿賱賶 丕賱賲氐胤賱丨 丕賱賲鬲賻賮賻賯 毓賱賷賴 亘丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賲噩丕賱 丕賱睾乇賷亘 毓賳賴
賮賳噩丿賴 賷賳賵亘 毓賳 賲氐胤賱丨 "丕賱兀賵鬲丕乇 丕賱賮丕卅賯丞" 亘兀賱賮丕馗 兀禺乇賶

賵賷馗賴乇 兀賷囟丕 毓丿賲 廿賱賲丕賲賴 亘丕賱賮賱爻賮丞, 賮賯丿 鬲乇噩賲 丕爻賲 丕賱賮賷賱爻賵賮
"wittgenstein"
廿賱賶 "賵賷鬲噩賳卮鬲賷賳", 賵賴匕丕 禺胤兀, 賮賴匕丕 丕賱廿爻賲 兀賱賲丕賳賷, 賵賮賷 丕賱兀賱賲丕賳賷丞 賷賳胤賯 丨乇賮 "W" 亘賳賮爻 賳胤賯 丨乇賮 丕賱賭"V" 賮賷 丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞
賵亘賴匕丕 賷氐亘丨 丕賱賳胤賯 丕賱氐丨賷丨 賱丕爻賲 丕賱賮賷賱爻賵賮: "賮賷鬲噩賳卮鬲賷賳", 賵賴賰匕丕 賷鬲乇噩賲 賮賷 賰鬲亘 丕賱賮賱爻賮丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞.

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"爻賷賯賵賱賵賳 兀賳 丕賱賱賴 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 亘賯丿乇鬲賴 亘丿亍 丕賱賰賵賳 亘兀賷 胤乇賷賯丞 賷卮丕亍. 賵賲毓 賴匕丕 賮廿賳 丕賱賱賴 兀賷囟丕賸 賰丕賳 賷爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賳 賷噩毓賱賴 賷賳卮兀 毓賱賶 賲賳賵丕賱 鬲毓爻賮賷 鬲賲丕賲丕賸. 賵賱賰賳賴 賰賲丕 賷馗賴乇 賯丿 丕禺鬲丕乇 兀賳 賷噩毓賱賴 賷鬲胤賵乇 毓賱賶 賳丨賵 噩丿 賲賳鬲馗賲 丨爻亘 賯賵丕賳賷賳 賲毓賷賳丞. 賵賴賰匕丕 賮廿賳賴 賲賲丕 賷爻丕賵賷 匕賱賰 毓賯賱丕賸 丕賮鬲乇丕囟 兀賳 賴賳丕賰 兀賷囟丕賸 賯賵丕賳賷賳 鬲丨賰賲 丕賱丨丕賱 丕賱賲亘丿卅賷."

賱賯丿 鬲胤賵乇 賮賴賲賳丕 賱賱毓丕賱賲 賰孬賷乇丕賸. 賰賳丕 賮賷 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 賳毓夭賵 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞 賱賯賵丞 賮賵賯賷丞 鬲毓亘乇 毓賳賴丕 丕賱胤亘賷毓丞, 賵亘毓丿賴丕 亘丿兀賳丕 賳賱丕丨馗 兀賳 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 鬲鬲賰乇乇 亘賳馗丕賲 賲毓賷賳.
賵賯丿 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞 賯乇賵賳 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 賴賷 爻毓賷 賲鬲賵丕氐賱 賱丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賳 賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳, 賵賯丿 賵氐賱鬲 賱賱匕乇賵丞 亘毓丿 兀賳 丕賰鬲卮賮 賱丕亘賱丕爻 賮賷 兀賵賱 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱鬲丕爻毓 毓卮乇 "丕賱丨鬲賲賷丞 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞", 兀賷 兀賳 賰賱 賲丕 賷丨丿孬 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲 賲賳 丨賵賱賳丕 廿賳賲丕 賴賵 賷爻賷乇 賵賮賯 賲毓丕丿賱丕鬲 乇賷丕囟賷丞 鬲賳亘卅賳丕 亘賲丕 爻賷丨丿孬 鬲丕賱賷丕賸 廿匕丕 賲丕 毓乇賮賳丕 賲丕 賷丨丿孬 丕賱丌賳.
賵賯丿 兀丿鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱孬賯丞 丕賱賲賮乇胤丞 廿賱賶 賵噩賵丿 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 賮噩乇 賰丕匕亘, 賳匕賰乇 賲賳賴賲 兀賳:
"丕賱賮賷夭賷丕卅賷 賲丕賰爻 亘賵乇賳 丕賱丨丕卅夭 毓賱賶 噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賮賷 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍, 匕賰乇 賮賷 毓丕賲 1928 賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭丕卅乇賷賳 賱噩丕賲毓丞 噩賵鬲賳噩賳 兀賳 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍 賰賲丕 賳毓乇賮賴丕, 爻鬲賳鬲賴賷 亘毓丿 爻鬲丞 卮賴賵乇, 賵賰丕賳鬲 孬賯鬲賴 賲丐爻爻丞 毓賱賶 丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丿賷乇丕賰 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賱賱賲毓丕丿賱丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲鬲丨賰賲 賮賷 丕賱廿賱賰鬲乇賵賳, 賵賰丕賳 賲賳 丕賱賲毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 孬賲丞 賲毓丕丿賱丞 賲賲丕孬賱丞 爻鬲丨賰賲 丕賱亘乇賵鬲賵賳, 丕賱匕賷 賰丕賳 丕賱噩爻賷賲 丕賱丌禺乇 丕賱賵丨賷丿 丕賱賲毓乇賵賮 賵賯鬲賴丕, 賵兀賳 賴匕丕 爻賷賰賵賳 禺鬲丕賲 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕卅賷丕鬲 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞"

賵賱賰賳 賰丕賳 賴賳丕賱賰 丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賲丕 賱丕 賳毓乇賮賴, 亘賱 賵賴賳丕賱賰 兀賷囟丕賸 丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賲丕 賱賳 賳毓乇賮賴 兀亘丿丕賸 賵賮賯丕賸 賱賲亘丿兀 "毓丿賲 丕賱賷賯賷賳" 丕賱匕賷 丕賰鬲卮賮賴 賴丕賷賳夭亘乇噩
"賵丕賱賵丕賯毓 兀賳賳丕 賯丿 兀毓丿賳丕 鬲丨丿賷丿 賲賴賲丞 丕賱毓賱賲 賱鬲氐亘丨 丕賰鬲卮丕賮 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲賰賳賳丕 賲賳 丕賱鬲賳亘丐 亘丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 賮賷 丕賱丨丿賵丿 丕賱鬲賷 賷賮乇囟賴丕 賲亘丿兀 毓丿賲 丕賱賷賯賷賳"
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August 7, 2017
禺蹖賱蹖 賵賯鬲 亘賵丿 丿賳亘丕賱 蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘賵丿賲 讴賴 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲 賮蹖夭蹖讴 噩丿蹖丿 乇賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨 亘丿賴. 夭蹖丕丿 丕夭 丕氐賱 毓丿賲 賯胤毓蹖鬲 賵 讴賵丕賳鬲賵賲 賵 賳爻亘蹖鬲 賵 賳馗乇蹖賴 蹖 乇蹖爻賲丕賳 賴丕 賵 爻蹖丕賴趩丕賱賴 賵 讴乇賲趩丕賱賴 賵 丕賳賮噩丕乇 亘夭乇诏 賵 睾蹖乇賴 賵 睾蹖乇賴 卮賳蹖丿蹖賲貙 賵賱蹖 卮丕蹖丿 丕夭 賴蹖趩 讴丿賵賲 鬲氐賵乇 丿乇爻鬲蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲. 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲 乇賵 賲賮氐賱 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴.
丕爻鬲賷賵賳 賴丕賵賰賷賳诏 賷賰 賲爻鬲賳丿 爻賴 賯爻賲鬲賶 丿丕乇賴貙 亘賴 賳丕賲 "亘賴 爻賵賶 賰賷賴丕賳貙 賴賲乇丕賴 亘丕 丕爻鬲賷賵賳 賴丕賵賰賷賳诏" 亘丕 氐丿丕賶 亘賶 賳馗賷乇 亘賳丿賷賰鬲 賰丕賲亘乇亘趩貙 賰賴 亘賷卮鬲乇 賲亘丕丨孬 丕賷賳 賰鬲丕亘 乇賵貙 亘爻賷丕乇 亘爻賷丕乇 爻丕丿賴 鬲乇 鬲賵囟賷丨 賲賷丿賴. 鬲賵氐賷賴 賲賶 賰賳賲 賰爻丕賳賶 賰賴 鬲丕夭賴 賲賶 禺賵丕賳 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲 賰賷賴丕賳 卮賳丕爻賶 乇賵 卮乇賵毓 賰賳賳貙 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕賷賳 賰鬲丕亘 丕賵賳 賲爻鬲賳丿 乇賵 亘亘賷賳賳.
Into the Universe With Stephen Hawking

賳讴丕鬲 賲賳賮蹖
賲卮讴賱 丕氐賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘貙 丕蹖賳賴 诏丕賴蹖 夭亘丕賳卮 禺蹖賱蹖 賮蹖夭蹖讴蹖 賲蹖卮賴. 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖乇爻賴 丌丿賲 亘丕蹖丿 丕胤賱丕毓丕鬲 夭蹖丕丿蹖 丕夭 賮蹖夭蹖讴 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賴 鬲丕 丨乇賮 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘賮賴賲賴. 賲賳 丿丕賳卮 賮蹖夭蹖讴賲 丿乇 丨丿 爻賵賲 丿亘蹖乇爻鬲丕賳 賵 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 噩爻鬲賴 诏乇蹖禺鬲賴 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賵乇 賵 丕賵賳 賵乇 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 賴爻鬲卮貙 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 卮丕蹖丿 賳氐賮 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 丌賳 趩賳丕賳 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 賵 卮丕蹖丿 賳賮賴賲蹖丿賲. 禺賵丿 丕爻鬲蹖賵賳 賴丕賵讴蹖賳诏 賲蹖诏賴 讴賴 賳丕卮乇 亘賴卮 诏賮鬲賴 亘賵丿: "亘賴 丕夭丕蹖 賴乇 賮乇賲賵賱蹖 讴賴 丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘亘乇蹖貙 賮乇賵卮 讴鬲丕亘 賳氐賮 賲蹖卮賴" 賵 丿乇爻鬲賴 讴賴 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕賸 賴蹖趩 賮乇賲賵賱蹖 丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 讴丕乇 賳乇賮鬲賴貙 丕賲丕 賴賲趩賳丕賳 夭亘丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 爻賳诏蹖賳賴. 丿乇 賲丐禺乇賴 蹖 讴鬲丕亘貙 賳賵卮鬲賴 亘賵丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 "賳丕禺賵丕賳丿賴" 鬲乇蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴丕蹖 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲賴. 蹖毓賳蹖 毓丿賴 蹖 夭蹖丕丿蹖 禺乇蹖丿賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 賵 丨鬲蹖 丕丿毓丕 賲蹖讴賳賳 禺賵賳丿賳卮貙 賵賱蹖 丿乇 丨賯蹖賯鬲 賳禺賵賳丿賳卮! 賲蹖卮賴 賮賴賲蹖丿 趩乇丕.

賳讴丕鬲 賲孬亘鬲
丕賲丕 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕賳卮 賳丕賯氐 賮蹖夭蹖讴賲 蹖丕乇蹖 賲蹖讴乇丿 蹖丕 禺賵丿 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 亘賵丿貙 禺蹖賱蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 毓丕賱蹖 亘賵丿 讴鬲丕亘. 賯氐丿 丿丕乇賲 蹖賴 亘丕乇 丿蹖诏賴 亘禺賵賳賲卮 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 夭賵丿蹖 賴丕. 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賮蹖夭蹖讴 丕夭 丿賵乇賴 蹖 丕乇爻胤賵 鬲丕 賳蹖賵鬲賵賳 鬲丕 丌蹖賳卮鬲丕蹖賳 賵 賴丕蹖夭賳亘乇诏貙 賲亘丕丨孬 讴蹖賴丕賳 卮賳丕爻蹖貙 賲孬賱 诏爻鬲乇卮 噩賴丕賳 蹖丕 賲丨丕爻亘賴 蹖 賮丕氐賱賴 蹖 讴賴讴卮丕賳 賴丕貙 亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 賲亘丕丨孬 賮蹖夭蹖讴 噩丿蹖丿貙 賲孬賱 丕氐賱 毓丿賲 賯胤毓蹖鬲 賵 賳爻亘蹖鬲貙 噩夭亍 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 讴賲丕亘蹖卮 賮賴賲蹖丿賲 賵 禺蹖賱蹖 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賲.
诏丕賴蹖 賴賲 賲胤丕賱亘 毓賱賲蹖 乇賵 讴賱丕賸 乇賴丕 賲蹖讴乇丿 賵 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖讴乇丿 亘賴 鬲毓乇蹖賮 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿卮. 賲孬賱丕賸 賲蹖诏賮鬲 丕蹖賳 賳馗乇蹖賴 丿乇 賮賱丕賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賲胤乇丨 卮丿貙 丿乇 丕賵賳 夭賲丕賳 賲賳 亘丕 丿禺鬲乇蹖 丌卮賳丕 卮丿賴 亘賵丿賲 賵 賲蹖禺賵丕爻鬲賲 亘丕賴丕卮 丕夭丿賵丕噩 讴賳賲 賵 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖讴賳賴 賲丕噩乇丕蹖 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 鬲毓乇蹖賮 讴乇丿賳.

讴鬲丕亘 亘毓丿蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴貙 "讴蹖賴丕賳 丿乇 倬賵爻鬲 诏乇丿賵" 賴爻鬲卮 讴賴 賯氐丿 丿丕乇賲 亘賴 夭賵丿蹖 亘禺乇賲.
Profile Image for 尝耻铆蝉.
2,271 reviews1,173 followers
January 24, 2025
This popularization book provides a portrait of the latest discoveries that have shaken the scientific world over the past hundred years: general relativity, quantum mechanics, the Principle of uncertainty, black holes, quarks, string theory, etc., enough to answer many questions, What will become of our universe? How was it formed? Why is CERN so determined to accelerate particles in a tunnel several kilometers long in Switzerland?
I will not claim to have assimilated all the concepts in a single reading. Still, the book gives me a good idea of the stakes and the research. Therefore, I recommend it to any science lover, especially as some of the theories explained will soon celebrate their century of existence and have not yet reached ordinary people.
Profile Image for Manny.
Author听41 books15.7k followers
November 3, 2011
Apparently this book tops the world list of "bought but not read", which may explain why it's so universally acclaimed as a work of genius. If you know anything much about relativity or cosmology, it comes across as a potboiler, admittedly a well-written one with a great final sentence. I wasn't impressed.

But... without it, we would never have had MC Hawking. If you haven't come across him, start with . Then buy A Brief History of Rhyme.
Profile Image for Valeriu Gherghel.
Author听6 books1,958 followers
April 28, 2023
Cam tot ce 葯tiu din / despre cosmologie provine din scrierile lui Hawking. 脦ndeosebi din acest volum care a fost un bestseller absolut. O glum膬 afirm膬 c膬 toat膬 lumea bun膬 l-a cump膬rat, dar foarte pu葲ini l-au citit. Scurt膬 istorie a timpului ar fi, a葯adar, cel mai pu葲in citit bestseller dintre toate. Nu cred c膬 pe autor l-a afectat prea tare acest am膬nunt nesemnificativ.

M膬 aflu 卯n situa葲ia bizar膬 c膬 葯tiu multe f膬r膬 s膬 卯n葲eleg totul. 葮tiu, de pild膬, c膬 fizicienii 卯ncearc膬 s膬 ofere 鈥瀘 descriere complet膬 a universului鈥�. Mai 葯tiu c膬 o astfel de descriere nu este, deocamdat膬, cu putin葲膬. Mai 葯tiu c膬 Hawking a fost obsedat de realizarea unei teorii fizice unificate (mecanica cuantic膬 + teoria relativit膬葲ii generalizate), f膬r膬 de care sus-numita descriere nu este posibil膬. Prima teorie (cea cuantic膬) sus葲ine c膬 鈥瀠niversul e guvernat de 卯nt卯mplare鈥�, fapt pe care Einstein nu l-a acceptat niciodat膬. A doua ofer膬 o viziune determinist膬.

De葯i ne-am obi葯nuit s膬 g卯ndim 卯n termeni finali葯ti (omul ar fi scopul crea葲iei), 葯tiu, de asemenea, c膬 evolu葲ia universului nu este finalist膬. Evolu葲ia nu are un scop, o 鈥瀒nten葲ie final膬鈥�: apari葲ia unei con葯tiin葲e care s膬 constate frumuse葲ea 葯i armonia acestei lumi. Pentru Pico della Mirandola, 卯n schimb, acest lucru era evident: 鈥濼e-am a葯ezat, Adame, 卯n mijlocul universului, ca s膬-mi po葲i contempla m膬re葲ia鈥� (De dignitate hominis).

葮tiu c膬 fizicienii au propus, la sf卯r葯itul anilor 60, un a葯a-zis Principiu antropic (卯l comenteaz膬 卯ntr-un articol 葯i I. P. Culianu), care li s-a p膬rut unora argumentul suprem al unei evolu葲ii 鈥瀌irijate dup膬 un plan鈥� (un argument crea葲ionist), dar mai 葯tiu c膬 acest Principiu (comentat cu entuziasm odinioar膬 de Penrose 葯i Hawking) nu dovede葯te nimic. Formularea lui pare o imens膬 tautologie: 鈥濾edem universul a艧a cum este fiindc膬, dac膬 ar fi diferit, noi nu am exista s膬-l observ膬m鈥�. Altfel spus: 鈥濾edem universul a艧a cum este 卯ntruc卯t exist膬m". Afirma葲ia lui Hawking seam膬n膬 cu alta, la fel de misterioas膬, tot a lui: 鈥濪ezordinea cre艧te cu timpul, 卯ntruc卯t noi m膬sur膬m timpul 卯n direc牛ia 卯n care dezordinea cre艧te鈥�. Nimic mai limpede...

脦n fine, mai 葯tiu ce a afirmat Roger Penrose despre singularit膬葲i 葯i g膬uri negre (universul nostru provine dintr-o singularitate): 鈥濷 stea care sufer膬 un colaps datorit膬 propriei gravita牛ii este prins膬 卯ntr-o regiune a c膬rei suprafa牛膬 se reduce la dimensiunea zero. 艦i deoarece suprafa牛a regiunii se reduce la zero, a艧a trebuie s膬 se 卯nt卯mple 艧i cu volumul s膬u. Toat膬 materia din stea va fi comprimat膬 卯ntr-o regiune cu volum zero, astfel c膬 densitatea materiei 艧i curbura spa牛iu-timpului devin infinite. Cu alte cuvinte, exist膬 o singularitate con牛inut膬 卯ntr-o regiune a spa牛iu-timpului numit膬 gaur膬 neagr膬鈥�.

Cam at卯t...
Profile Image for Darwin8u.
1,771 reviews8,943 followers
December 13, 2015
鈥淭he universe doesn't allow perfection.鈥�
鈥� Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time

description

I know. I know. I both loved and hated this book. I definitely should never have read this book, cut the pages, opened the box, etc.. Somehow Stephen Hawking has written a book that gently fluffs the tail on Schr枚dinger's cat (or perhaps Schr枚dinger's cat is fluffing Dr. Hawking).

Look, no doubt the guy is a genius and has a fantastic story (ALS, computer voice, nurses, Black Holes, strippers, movies, etc). My problem is the wussification of a large scientific narrative by one of Big 鈥淧鈥� Physics primary scientists. Let someone else write a pop-GUT/Blackhole/Big Bang story. Let another writer do the pop-up Children's book with the scratch-n-sniff singularity, the rotating black hole, the pull-out universe.

description

I want Dr. Hawking doing smart stuff. Let Bill Bryson write the summary science. But it is too late for me. I already crossed the damn event horizon. I've just become entangled with his book, so my "observer state" now corresponds to the damn book and the damn book review being both five stars and 1 stars is no longer a possibility; my reader state is entangled or linked now with my own review so that the "observation of the book review's state" and the "review's state" correspond with each other. I am finished.

Hey, now to go see some movies about blackholes and wormholes and assholes.
Profile Image for Muhammad Abdullah.
91 reviews70 followers
April 26, 2021
This is the first book I have ever read about science.This is one of the best selling book of the century.I have found it really infomative and my interest in science seems to build. This book is free from mathematical equations (except E=mc2) which is the best thing about the book. This book is so simple that even a lay person with basic knowledge of science can understand it.

Stephen Hawking, the author of the book, is one of the well renowned scientists of the century after Einstein. Some people even called him the successor of Einstein due to his work in the field of science. In this book, Hawking talks about black holes, worm holes, time travel, cosmic background radiation (CBM), uncertainty principle, expansion of universe, space and time (or simply space-time), origin and fate of the universe, forces of nature and the most important The Grand Unification Theory (the theory of everything) which is the biggest unsolved mystery of the present time.


A brief intro to author, Stephen Hawking

This book is really amazing and is popular in both science and non-science related people. I enjoy it a lot and I would like to recommend it to all the science and nature loving people. And I hope they will also enjoy it.
Profile Image for Trevor.
1,467 reviews24k followers
December 9, 2007
The main idea to take away from this book is that time has a clear direction. Entropy is the idea that the universe moves from highly ordered states to less ordered states. If you take the lid off a bottle of perfume, and leave it off for a few days the perfume will go from being highly ordered (all in the bottle) to highly disordered (all over the room).

Hawking uses this idea to explain why travelling back in time is impossible. It requires very little energy to knock a glass over and smash it - but think of how much energy it would take to make the glass jump back into place - all of the bits perfectly back where they were prior to the glass breaking. It would be impossible - and that impossibility is what gives time its clear direction.

Philosophically, I tend to feel that the book makes far too much of the Uncertainty Principle. But that is another story.

This isn't the easiest book to read in the world and is probably the most bought science book of all time while also being the one most likely gave up on after a chapter or two - but it is a fascinating read all the same.
Profile Image for Nandakishore Mridula.
1,306 reviews2,596 followers
February 6, 2018
Manny says this book is in the "bought but not read" category for most people. Well, I'm proud to say that I bought and read it, that too in nearly one sitting - back in my geeky days, when I used to get a sexual high just from solving a hard maths puzzle.

Unfortunately, I don't remember much of it (time for a re-read!) but I remember taking away the idea that time is a sphere. Being Indian, I loved this - because we are strong champions of cyclical time. Also, if time and space are both curved, it creates the possibility of jumping from one place and time to another; which is just delicious.

(I bought a pirated edition of this book for 25 rupees from the roadside at Connaught Place in New Delhi. The vendor asked for 50, I said 25, and the bargaining was just starting when he spied a policeman approaching - so he let me have it for whatever I was offering! "Time" was on my side.)
20 reviews2 followers
August 30, 2007
Hawking is a brilliant physicist and a true expert in explaining highly complex aspects of our physical universe in terms that can be understood by most lay people.

Where Hawking fails, in my opinion, is his hubris. He proceeds in to the realm of metaphysics and religion in several portions of this book. For instance, in his chapter on the "arrow of time", he states that, essentially, the universe can only move in one direction of time. It cannot go backwards. He also states that this limits the powers of God himself. Now, Hawking never qualifies those statements by defining "God". However, if he is talking about the Biblical God, how can you honestly think you're so intelligent as to place limits on a limitless being? If God is so powerful as to have created the universe and all the physical laws, why wouldn't he be powerful enough to change those laws any time he chooses? It is the same concept as a scientist creating a computer simulation of the universe. The scientist can, at any time during the simulation, alter the underlying framework of the simulation, effectively changing the physical laws that simulated universe operates under.

Now, whether you believe in God or not, the mere fact that Hawking has the audacity to think he can assign limits on a limitless being should cause you some concern. Hawking, because of his fame and brilliance, is a man that people listen to when he speaks. That gives him immense power over the minds of his readers. He should be more careful in choosing his words.

When Hawking sticks to his strengths, however, the book is second to none. Hawking truly has a gift of explaining the powerful forces that shape our lives in ways anyone can understand.

If this book had been edited better, it would have received a few more stars from me, but I can't reward stubborn scientific pride resulting in false assumptions.
Profile Image for Ahmed Ibrahim.
1,199 reviews1,836 followers
November 25, 2017
賷爻毓賶 賴賵賰賷賳噩 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賵囟毓 禺乇賷胤丞 兀賵 賲爻丕乇 賰賵賳賷貙 亘丿丕賷丞 賲賳 丕賱賰賷賮賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 亘丿兀 亘賴丕 丕賱賰賵賳貙 廿賱賶 賵囟毓 丕賱丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 爻賷賳鬲賴賷 廿賱賷賴丕貙 賵鬲賵囟賷丨 賲丕 亘賷賳賴賲丕 賲賳 兀賲賵乇 賰賵賳賷丞 賮賱賰賷丞.

亘丿兀 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇 賵丕賱賲鬲賮乇丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 亘丿兀 賲賳賴丕貙 賵賮賷賲丕 亘毓丿 爻賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕鬲 鬲賳賮賷 賵噩賵丿 賲鬲賮乇丿丞 兀賵賱賷丞 鬲賯賵賱 亘兀夭賱賷丞 丕賱賰賵賳貙 賱賰賳 丕賱賲鬲賮賯 毓賱賷賴 亘卮賰賱 賰亘賷乇 賮賷 丨丕賱丞 賵噩賵丿 丕賱賲鬲賮乇丿丞 兀賵 賱丕 兀賳賴 孬賲丞 丕賳賮噩丕乇 賰亘賷乇 亘丿兀 賲賳賴 丕賱賰賵賳 孬賲 鬲賲丿丿貙 賵賲賳 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 丕賱鬲賷 爻鬲賳丕賯卮 亘毓丿 賴匕丕 賴賵 丕賱賰賷賮賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲丿丿 亘賴丕 丕賱賰賵賳. 丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱賰亘賷乇 賰賲丕 賯丕賱 賴賵賰賷賳噩 賱丕 賷賳賮賷 賵噩賵丿 禺丕賱賯.
孬賲 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱賲賰丕賳 賵丕賱夭賲丕賳貙 賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 賮賷賴 賳馗乇賷丞 兀乇爻胤賵 丕賱兀賵賱賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 丿丨囟賴丕 噩丕賱賷賱賷賵 孬賲 賳賷賵鬲賳 亘賯賵丕賳賷賳賴 毓賳 丕賱丨乇賰丞貙 賵賲賳 孬賲賻賾 鬲賳丕賵賱 亘丕賱丨丿賷孬 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 賱丌賷賳卮鬲賷賳貙 丕賱禺丕氐丞 亘鬲毓丕乇囟賴丕 賲賳 賯丕賳賵賳 丕賱噩丕匕亘賷丞貙 賵丕賱毓丕賲丞 丕賱賲鬲爻賯丞 賲毓 匕丕鬲賴丕.
賵賷鬲賳丕賵賱 亘毓丿賴丕 丕賰鬲卮丕賮 賴丕亘賱 亘兀賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賷鬲賲丿丿貙 亘賱 乇亘賲丕 賷賰賵賳 賱賴丕 賳賴丕賷丞 丨爻亘 賳馗乇賷丞 賮乇賷丿賲丕賳.
賵賰丕賳鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 賱賱賳馗乇 廿賱賶 兀賳 賰賵賰亘賳丕 賯胤乇丞 賲丕亍 賮賷 賲丨賷胤 丕賱賰賵賳 丕賱賮爻賷丨貙 賵鬲賲鬲 丕賱亘乇賴賳丞 亘卮賰賱 賰丕賲賱 賲賳 賯賽亘賱 賴賵賰賷賳噩 賵亘賳乇賵夭 毓賱賶 兀賳賴 賱丕亘丿 賲賳 亘丿丕賷丞 賮賷 丕賱夭賲丕賳 毓賱賶 兀爻丕爻 兀賳 賳爻亘賷丞 丌賷賳卮鬲賷賳 丕賱毓丕賲丞 噩夭卅賷丞 賵丕丨丿丞 賲賳 丕賱賳馗乇丞 丕賱賰賵賳賷丞.
賵賰丕賳 賲亘丿兀 丕賱乇賷亘丞 丕賱匕賷 賯丕賱 亘賴 賴丕賷夭賳亘乇噩 賵賰賲 亘賱丕賳賰 賷賲賴丿丕賳 丕賱胤乇賷賯 賱賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲貙 賵亘丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 兀賳 丌賷賳卮鬲賷賳 賲購賳丨 賳賵亘賱 賱賲爻丕賴賲鬲賴 賮賷 賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賰賲貙 賱賰賳賴 賰丕賳 賲毓丕乇囟賸丕 亘卮丿丞 賱賴丕 賱賵賯賵毓賴丕 賮賷 賮禺 丕賱毓卮賵丕卅賷丞貙 賮賱賲 賷鬲賯亘賱 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰賵賳 賲丨賰賵賲賸丕 亘丕賱氐丿賮丞貙 賵賲賯賵賱鬲賴: "廿賳 丕賱賱賴 賱丕 賷賱毓亘 丕賱賳乇丿" 鬲賵囟丨 兀賮賰丕乇賴.
賱賰賳 賴匕丕 賱丕 賷賲賳毓 兀賳 賲毓馗賲 丕賱毓賱賲丕亍 鬲賯亘賱賵丕 賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲貙 賷賯賵賱 賴賵賰賷賳噩:
"賱賷爻 賱丿賷賳丕 亘毓丿 賳馗乇賷丞 賲鬲賲丕爻賰丞 賰丕賲賱丞 鬲賵丨賽賾丿 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 丕賱毓丕賲丞 賵賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲貙 賵賱賰賳賳丕 賳毓乇賮 亘丕賱賮毓賱 毓丿丿賸丕 賲賳 丕賱賲賱丕賲丨 丕賱鬲賷 賷賳亘睾賷 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 賮賷賴丕"
賵賷賮氐賽賾賱 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 丕賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲貙 賮賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕賱噩爻賷賲丕鬲 丕賱兀賵賱賷丞 賵賯賵賶 丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱兀乇亘毓丞.
孬賲 賷賳鬲賯賱 賱賱丨丿賷孬 毓賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍 賵賴賷 噩丿 卮賷賯丞貙 賵賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱噩夭亍 賷爻鬲賮賷囟 賴賵賰賷賳噩 賮賷 丕賱卮乇丨 賵丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱 賮賷 賰賱 賲丕 賷禺鬲氐 亘丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍貙 賵乇亘賲丕 賴匕丕 賱兀賳賴 賰丕賳 賲賴鬲賲賸丕 亘卮賰賱 賰亘賷乇 亘賴丕 賵丕賰鬲卮賮 亘毓囟 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 丨賵賱賴丕.
賮賷 兀丨丿 丕賱賮氐賵賱 亘毓賳賵丕賳: 兀氐賱 賵賲氐賷乇 丕賱賰賵賳貙 賵賴賵 賮氐賱 賲賲賷夭 賱賱睾丕賷丞貙 賵廿賳 乇兀賷鬲賴 賲賳賮氐賱 毓賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘廿毓丕丿鬲賴 噩夭亍 亘爻賷胤 亘丕禺鬲氐丕乇 賲賲丕 賯丕賱賴 賯亘賱 賴匕丕 賲毓 鬲賵囟賷丨 賵鬲賳丕賵賱 亘毓囟 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷丞貙 賵賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賮氐賱 賲賳丕賯卮丞 亘卮賰賱 兀賰亘乇 賱賱禺丕賱賯貙 賵廿賳 鬲賵氐賱 賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 廿賱賶 毓丿賲 賳賮賷 兀賵 廿孬亘丕鬲 兀賷 卮賷亍貙 賮賰賲丕 賴賵 丕賱兀賲乇 賮賷 丕賱賮賱爻賮丞 丕賱廿賲乇 賯丕卅賲 毓賱賶 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕鬲 賱丕 賷賲賰賳賳丕 賲毓乇賮丞 兀賷賴賲丕 兀氐丨貙 賵毓賱賶 賴匕丕 兀賷囟賸丕 爻賷賳鬲賴賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘.
孬賲 亘毓丿 賴匕丕 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕賱亘毓丿 丕賱夭賲丕賳賷 賵丕賱賲爻丕乇 丕賱匕賷 賷爻賷乇 賮賷賴 丕賱夭賲丕賳 賮賷賲丕 爻賷爻賲賶 亘爻賴賲 丕賱夭賲丕賳 丕賱賲胤賱賯 賱賱兀賲丕賲貙 賵賲毓 丨丿賷孬賴 毓賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱丿賵丿賷丞 賷囟毓 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕鬲 賱賱爻賮乇 毓亘乇 丕賱夭賲賳 賵廿賳 賱賲 賷爻鬲胤毓 兀丨丿 丕賱亘乇賴賳丞 毓賱賶 賴匕丕 賱賰賳賴 丕丨鬲賲丕賱 賰亘賷乇貙 賱賰賳 丕賱廿卮賰丕賱賷丞 鬲賯毓 賮賷 賰賷賮賷丞 丕賱爻賮乇貙 賵賴賱 賷賲賰賳 丕賱爻賮乇 賱賱賲丕囟賷 兀賲 賱賱賲爻鬲賯亘賱 賮賯胤責 賵賷丿賵乇 賴匕丕 丕賱噩夭亍 丨賵賱 賴匕賴 丕賱賳賯胤丞 亘鬲丨賱賷賱賴 丕賱兀亘毓丕丿 丕賱賲賰丕賳賷丞 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞 賵丕賱亘毓丿 丕賱夭賲丕賳賷 丕賱賵丕丨丿 賵賲丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 賲賳 兀亘毓丕丿 兀禺乇賶.
賵賷兀鬲賷 丕賱賮氐賱 丕賱兀禺賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 毓賳 鬲賵丨賷丿 丕賱賮夭賷丕亍貙 賵賴賱 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賳賰鬲卮賮 賲丕 賷噩毓賱 丕賱毓賱賲 賲鬲賲賰賳 賲賳 賲毓乇賮丞 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 亘丿賯丞 賵孬賯丞 賲鬲賳丕賴賷丞責 賵賯丕賱 亘兀賳 丕賱賮賱爻賮丞 賱賲 鬲毓丿 鬲孬賲乇 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賲噩丕賱貙 亘賱 丕囟賲丨賱鬲 賵丕囟賲丨賱 丿賵乇 丕賱毓賯賱 賮賷 丕賱鬲賯丿賲 賵賮賷 賲噩丕乇丕丞 鬲胤賵乇 丕賱毓賱賲.
賷賯賵賱 賴賵賰賷賳噩 賮賷 丕賱禺鬲丕賲:
"賵毓賱賶 賰賱賺賾貙 賱賵 丕賰鬲卮賮賳丕 賮毓賱賸丕 賳馗乇賷丞 賰丕賲賱丞貙 賮廿賳賴 賷賳亘睾賷 亘賲乇賵乇 丕賱賵賯鬲 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 賯丕亘賱丞 賱兀賳 賷賮賴賲賴丕 賰賱 賮乇丿 亘丕賱賲毓賳賶 丕賱賵丕爻毓貙 賵賱賷爻 賮賯胤 賲噩乇丿 毓賱賲丕亍 賲毓丿賵丿賷賳. 賵毓賳丿賴丕 賮廿賳賳丕 賰賱賳丕貙 賮賱丕爻賮丞 賵毓賱賲丕亍 賵兀賳丕爻賸丕 毓丕丿賷賷賳貙 爻賳鬲賲賰賳 賲賳 丕賱賲爻丕賴賲丞 賮賷 賲賳丕賯卮丞 丕賱爻丐丕賱 毓賳 丕賱爻亘亘 賮賷 賵噩賵丿賳丕貙 賳丨賳 賵丕賱賰賵賳. 賱賵 賵噩丿賳丕 丕賱廿噩丕亘丞 毓賳 匕賱賰貙 賮爻賷賰賵賳 賮賷 匕賱賰 丕賱丕賳鬲氐丕乇 丕賱賳賴丕卅賷 賱賱毓賯賱 丕賱亘卮乇賷貙 賱兀賳賳丕 賵賯鬲賴丕 爻賳毓乇賮 賮賰乇 丕賱禺丕賱賯."

賰鬲丕亘 毓馗賷賲 賵賲亘爻胤 亘卮賰賱 噩賲賷賱貙 乇丨賱丞 賲賲鬲毓丞 賵卮賷賯丞 賮賷 賲丨丕賵賱丞 賱賲毓乇賮丞 丕賱賰賵賳 賵丨噩賲賳丕 賮賷賴貙 賵賲丨丕賵賱丞 賱賱鬲賵氐賱 賱賱禺丕賱賯貙 賵廿賳 亘丕亍鬲 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 亘丕賱賮卮賱貙 賮賯丿 禺乇噩鬲 兀卮丿 丨賷乇丞 賵丕賳賯爻丕賲賸丕 兀賰孬乇 賲賲丕 丿禺賱鬲貙 賵賷馗賱 丕賱毓賱賲 賵丕賱賮賱爻賮丞 賵丕賱丿賷賳 睾賷乇 賯丕丿乇賷賳 毓賱賶 廿孬亘丕鬲 兀賵 賳賮賷 卮賷亍 毓賯賱賷賸丕貙 賰賱 卮賷亍 賷禺囟毓 賱賱丕丨鬲賲丕賱 賮賷 賰賱 丕賱兀丨賵丕賱.
Profile Image for Saadia  B..
193 reviews80 followers
July 7, 2021
Only Hawking could write this book - simple, to the point and extremely resourceful. Cosmology is not an easy subject neither can everyone understand its deep connotations. Hawking made it understandable in the most layman terms possible.

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Profile Image for shania.
121 reviews459 followers
Shelved as 'on-hold'
September 6, 2024
i'm a genius i know馃槍
Profile Image for Orhan Pelinkovic.
106 reviews280 followers
June 26, 2020
Theoretical Physics from the master himself. It's a great summary, but you need a little background knowledge to understand all the chapters. It's a summary of astrophysics, theoretical physics, and cosmology, and it's hard grasping it all in 200 some pages. I wish it was a little longer.

The definitions at the end of the book are very useful. You will not regret reading the book, but you need some peace and quiet while reading it in order to hopefully understand it.

I've read the A Bantam Book Edition published April 1988 / A Brief History of Time by Stephan W. Hawking / 226 pages / 56,997 words.
Profile Image for Nicky.
4,138 reviews1,100 followers
July 24, 2013
Stephen Hawking's book is easy to read, but harder to comprehend. In every chapter came a point where my brain couldn't hold another permutation of a theory, and as the book progressed, I ended up taking the same approach as I do when reading a Norse saga for the first time. With sagas, I just read, even if my brain doesn't seem to retain all the information about who is related to who and what they named their horse. Inevitably, at the end, I have a reasonable basic grasp of the saga, and then I have to read it over again to fit more information into that basic understanding.

I don't know if the same will hold true here, but it's a nice hope.
Profile Image for Elena.
124 reviews1,125 followers
June 1, 2018
A pesar de estar escrito para un p煤blico "no cient铆fico" no puedo decir que creo que sea un libro accesible al 100%. Es cierto que Hawking cumple su promesa de no incluir ni una f贸rmula matem谩tica (excepto la conocida f贸rmula sobre la teor铆a de la relativdad E=MC虏) pero los conceptos en s铆 pueden ser dif铆ciles de imaginar y comprender. De toda la informaci贸n que Hawking intenta explicar en este libro, ha habido cosas que notaba que se me escapaban. Quiz谩 con algo m谩s de material gr谩fico habr铆a resultado m谩s sencillo.
A煤n as铆, el concepto general de los temas que trata es impresionante si te apasiona conocer la esencia del universo. Realmente hab铆a momentos en los que dejaba de leer para procesar algunos conceptos y no pod铆a menos de maravillarme.
Profile Image for ALet.
330 reviews231 followers
July 30, 2020
鈽呪槄鈽� /5

This was an interesting and informative book, but sadly I just couldn鈥榯 grasp everything that it tried to say.
Profile Image for Mohammed.
520 reviews732 followers
October 22, 2019
賰鬲丕亘 爻賱爻 賵賷胤乇丨 丕賱賲丕丿丞 丕賱毓賱賲賷丞 亘胤乇賷賯丞 卮賷賯丞.

賱丨馗丞!

description

廿匕丕 賰鬲亘鬲 賲乇丕噩毓丞 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賳賵毓 爻兀亘丿賵 匕賰賷丕 賵乇丕卅毓丕. 賱賰賳賴丕 賱賷爻鬲 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞貙 賮賱爻鬲 匕賰賷丕 賵賱丕 乇丕卅毓丕貙 賵廿賳賲丕 賯丕乇卅 賲鬲賵爻胤 丕賱丕爻鬲賷毓丕亘貙 兀卮毓乇 亘丨賰丞 賮賷 丿賲丕睾賷 毓賳丿賲丕 鬲鬲毓賯丿 丕賱兀賲賵乇 賵鬲胤賯胤賯 噩賲噩賲鬲賷 賲賳 丕賱丿丕禺賱 廿匕 賷丨丕賵賱 賲禺賷 丕賱氐睾賷乇 兀賳 賷鬲賲丿丿 賱賷爻鬲賵毓亘 亘毓囟 丕賱賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲貙 賵賱賰賳賴 賱丕 賷賳噩丨 丿丕卅賲丕.

賱賷爻 賴匕丕 丿兀亘賷 賲毓 賰賱 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賳丕賯卮 賲賵囟賵毓丕鬲 毓賱賲賷丞貙 賮賯丿 賲囟賷鬲 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 丕賱賰賵賳 賱賰丕乇賱 爻丕噩丕賳 賲賳 丕賱睾賱丕賮 廿賱賶 丕賱睾賱丕賮 丿賵賳 兀賷 毓爻乇. 兀毓乇賮 兀賳 爻丕噩丕賳 胤乇丨 丕賱賲賵丕囟賷毓 匕丕鬲賴丕 賵賱賰賳 賲賳 夭丕賵賷丞 賮賱賰賷丞貙 亘毓賰爻 賴賵賰賷賳睾 丕賱匕賷 賱丕 賷丨賷丿 毓賳 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍 賯賷丿 兀購賳賲賱丞. 賴賳丕賰 丨丿賷孬 賲胤賵賱 毓賳 丕賱匕乇丕鬲 賵丕賱噩夭賷卅丕鬲 賵丕賱賮賵鬲賵賳丕鬲 賵賲賵丕囟賷毓 兀禺乇賶 賱賲 兀賰賳 兀亘丨孬 毓賳賴丕 亘氐乇丕丨丞.

賲丕爻亘賯 賱丕 賷毓賳賷 兀賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賲 賷囟賮 廿賱賶 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲賷 亘賱 毓賱賶 丕賱毓賰爻 廿匕賳 賳丕賯卮 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀賴賲 賳馗乇賷鬲賷賳 賱卮乇丨 賰賱 賲丕 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 丕賱賰賵賳: 丕賱賳馗乇賷丞 丕賱賳爻亘賷丞 賵賲賷賰丕賳賷賰丕 丕賱賰賲. 鬲丨丿孬 賴賵賰賷賳睾 兀賷囟丕 毓賳 丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱爻賵丿丕亍 賵丕賱孬賯賵亘 丕賱丿賵丿賷丞 賵丕賱丕賳賮噩丕乇 丕賱毓馗賷賲 (賱賷爻 丕賳賮噩丕乇丕 亘丕賱賲毓賳賶 丕賱丨乇賮賷 毓賱賶 賮賰乇丞) 賵丕賱鬲兀孬賷乇 丕賱賲毓賰乇賵賳賷 丕賱賲賵囟丨 亘丕賱氐賵乇丞 兀毓賱丕賴. 賴賳丕賰 兀胤乇賵丨丕鬲 丨賵賱 亘丿丕賷丞 丕賱賰賵賳 賵賳賴丕賷鬲賴 賵廿賷乇丕丿 賱兀賴賲 丕賱賳馗乇賷丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 丕購賰鬲卮賮鬲 賮賷 匕賱賰 丕賱賲賷丿丕賳. 賴匕丕 廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱鬲兀賲賱賷 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱毓賱賲 賵鬲胤賵乇 丕賱賮賰乇 賱丿賶 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賵丕賱鬲丨丿賷 丕賱賰亘賷乇 丕賱賲鬲賲孬賱 賮賷 賲賵丕噩賴丞 丕賱鬲賷丕乇 丕賱鬲賯賱賷丿賷 丕賱匕賷 賷鬲氐丿賶 賱兀睾賱亘 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 丕賱噩丿賷丿丞.

賰鬲丕亘 賷爻鬲丨賯 丕賱賯乇丕亍丞貙 賲毓 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱氐亘乇 賱兀氐丨丕亘 丕賱賲賷賵賱 丕賱兀丿亘賷丞 丕賱匕賷賳 丕毓鬲丕丿賵丕 毓賱賶 丕賱賳賵賲 兀賵 丕賱毓亘孬 賮賷 丌匕丕賳賴賲 賮賷 丨氐氐 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍. 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷爻鬲丨賯 丕賱毓賳丕亍 賱賰賳賳賷 鬲賵賯毓鬲 卮賷卅丕 兀卮丿 鬲亘爻賷胤丕 賵兀賰孬乇 廿賲鬲丕毓丕.
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878 reviews718 followers
April 5, 2021
Space opera


The Milky Way arch emerging from the Cerro Paranal, Chile, 3 December 2009. Author: Bruno Gilli/ESO

A highly articulate summary of the history of astrophysics and its breakthroughs from its origins to 1996 (updated edition). I wish I had had such an introduction to physics and chemistry when I was in secondary school and high school! The layout of the book allows a layman to follow the development of the discipline and its fields over time, while Stephen Hawking never scorns an evocative image to give a better notion to the reader of what, say, the electromagnetic spectrum, thermodynamics or gravity are all about. I definitely recommand to all of you in awe before the universe and its strange marvels :)


Detail of Eagle Nebula


Summary:

Chapter 1: Our Picture of the Universe
Chapter 2: Space and Time
Chapter 3: The Expanding Universe
Chapter 4: The Uncertainty Principle
Chapter 5: Elementary Particles and Forces of Nature
Chapter 6: Black Holes
Chapter 7: Hawking Radiation
Chapter 8: The Origin and Fate of the Universe
Chapter 9: The Arrow of Time
Chapter 10: Wormholes and Time Travel
Chapter 11: The Unification of Physics
Chapter 12: Conclusion


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Black Hole elements


Image of the night sky above Paranal, Chile on 21 July 2007, taken by ESO astronomer Yuri Beletsky


Galaxies in the Hubble deep field (detail)


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