Devdas is a young man from a wealthy Bengali Brahmin family in India in the early 1900s. Paro (Parvati) is a young woman from a middle class Bengali family belonging to the 鈥渕erchant鈥� caste. The two families lived in a village in Bengal, and Devdas and Paro were childhood friends.
Devdas goes away for thirteen years to live and study in a boarding school in the city of Calcutta (now Kolkata). When, after finishing school, he returns to his village, Paro looks forward to their childhood love blossoming into their lifelong journey together in marriage. Of course, according to the prevailing social custom, Paro's parents would have to approach Devdas' parents and propose marriage of Paro to Devdas as Paro longed for.
When Paro's mother makes the proposal to Devdas' mother, the latter insults her, plainly saying that the marriage is not possible in view of her own higher caste and financial status. To demonstrate her own social status, Paro's mother then finds an even richer husband for Paro.
When Paro learns of her planned marriage, she stealthily meets Devdas at night, desperately believing that Devdas will quickly accept her hand in marriage. Devdas meekly seeks his parents' permission to marry Paro, but Devdas' father agrees with his wife.
In a weak-minded state, Devdas then flees to Calcutta, and from there, he writes a letter to Paro, saying that they were only friends. Within days, however, he realizes that he should have been bolder. He goes back to his village and tells Paro that he is ready to do anything needed to save their love.
By now, Paro's marriage plans are in an advanced stage, and she declines going back to Devdas and chides him for his cowardice and vacillation. She makes, however, one request to Devdas that he would return to her before he dies. Devdas vows to do so.
Devdas goes back to Calcutta and Paro is married off to the betrothed widower with children, who is still in love with his previous wife and is therefore not interested in an amatory relationship with Paro.
In Calcutta, Devdas' carousing friend, Chunnilal, introduces him to a courtesan named Chandramukhi. Devdas takes to heavy drinking at Chandramukhi's place, but the courtesan falls in love with him, and looks after him. His health deteriorates because of a combination of excessive drinking and despair of life鈥攁 drawn-out form of suicide. Within him, he frequently compares Paro and Chandramukhi, remaining ambivalent as to whom he really loves.
Sensing his fast-approaching death, Devdas returns to meet Paro to fulfill his vow. He dies at her doorstep on a dark, cold night. On hearing of the death of Devdas, Paro runs towards the door, but her family members prevent her from stepping out of the door.
The novella powerfully depicts the prevailing societal customs in Bengal in the early 1900s, which are largely responsible for preventing the happy ending of a genuine love story.
Complete works of Sarat Chandra (唳多Π唰� 唳班唳ㄠ唳Σ唰€) is now available in this third party website:
Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay (also spelt Saratchandra) (Bengali: 唳多Π唰庎唳ㄠ唳︵唳� 唳氞唰嵿唰嬥Κ唳距Η唰嵿Ο唳距Ο唳�) was a legendary Bengali novelist from India. He was one of the most popular Bengali novelists of the early 20th century.
His childhood and youth were spent in dire poverty as his father, Motilal Chattopadhyay, was an idler and dreamer and gave little security to his five children. Saratchandra received very little formal education but inherited something valuable from his father鈥攈is imagination and love of literature.
He started writing in his early teens and two stories written then have survived鈥斺€楰orel鈥� and 鈥楰ashinath鈥�. Saratchandra came to maturity at a time when the national movement was gaining momentum together with an awakening of social consciousness.
Much of his writing bears the mark of the resultant turbulence of society. A prolific writer, he found the novel an apt medium for depicting this and, in his hands, it became a powerful weapon of social and political reform.
Sensitive and daring, his novels captivated the hearts and minds of thousands of readers not only in Bengal but all over India.
"My literary debt is not limited to my predecessors only. I'm forever indebted to the deprived, ordinary people who give this world everything they have and yet receive nothing in return, to the weak and oppressed people whose tears nobody bothers to notice and to the endlessly hassled, distressed (weighed down by life) and helpless people who don't even have a moment to think that: despite having everything, they have right to nothing. They made me start to speak. They inspired me to take up their case and plead for them. I have witnessed endless injustice to these people, unfair intolerable indiscriminate justice. It's true that springs do come to this world for some - full of beauty and wealth - with its sweet smelling breeze perfumed with newly bloomed flowers and spiced with cuckoo's song, but such good things remained well outside the sphere where my sight remained imprisoned. This poverty abounds in my writings."
Devdas, Paro, Chandramukhi.. the characters which have been immortalised through spoofs, tragedies, bollywood.. but they are so real.. we see them around us.. love turned sour because of egos, social barriers, differences. I was a little curious as to how the characters really are and whether the interpretations on TV or movies is actually real. But they were so different, so real than the magnanimous images on screen. Devdas unlike in movies has not been justified by the author. Infact he literally agrees that he degraded once luck did not favor. Devdas had everything easy in life, he always got what he wanted. But once his parents denied him Paro, he denied Paro, then Paro denied him apology & decided not to come back. He got angry with the world & probably himself. He got love time & again.. but he just rejected it abused it. The women in this story are no better. They went for the guy who treats them badly. He loved them but ill-treated them..
For me it proves one thing that its quiet possible that women sometimes fall for loosers, trying to protect them & take care of them. Probably their current state is so bad that loving the looser just makes them feel better. One married to an old man with no love in her life and the other a nauch girl with no love and a fake life. They just felt better by loving & worshipping Dev.. who truly didn't deserve it.
Anyways these characters now have their interpretations in my mind too.. But one should read it & design their own.. But I would definitely like to give a standing ovation to Sarat Chandra who wrote such a beautiful story of complex characters - searching for something which they can never get... so unreal but still so real... so sensitive but still so ruthless... so emotional but still so practical... so complex but yet so simple... so romantic but so tragic...
In the hands of Chattopadhyay the grandiosity of the love-triangle becomes an achingly beautiful piece of minimalist fiction. On turning the last page of Devdas, a short novella that I could hardly bear to put down, whilst one is forced to confront feelings of sadness and loss at the tragedy that has just unfolded one is further provoked, not to weep, but to try and understand and explain them. The true reason for the success of Devdas as fiction is less in the melodramatic emotions of love and passion of the kind seen in the famous 2002 movie version 鈥� though they are, in part, there 鈥� and more in the subtle nuances, the reasons that provoke that tragedy and loss, and the realisation that this tragedy could have been avoided if subtle, small conversations had turned out differently that's ultimately difficult to accept.
Devdas is stylistically deliberately slight, and it's only after spending 100 pages with Chattopadhyay's prose (in translation, at least) that one begins to realise that we are being manipulated and beguiled by his sparseness, and entranced as much by what is not-shown as by what is; that the author can quite happily spend 30 pages highlighting a seemingly trivial point of Devdas and Paro's relationship during school but equally skip over a year, or two, or five and we comfortably pick up the story as if there is no gap or loss. That the story is not so much about highlighting the climactic moments in the the relationship between the two not-quite lovers but by swerving in and out of their lives, creates a greater feeling of curiosity, tension and ultimately a sense of loss.
Perhaps even harder to swallow is that big events in the lives of the protagonists come about through, not just small things, but things left unspoken or undetailed. Probably the biggest turning point in the book occurs when Parvati comes to see Devdas at night because she is in love and wants to marry him. So certain is she of his returning her love that she doesn't think twice about her disgrace should she be caught. During this scene the declaration of love remains unspoken, the assumption is enough and the conversation turns to Paro's potential fright or disgrace of coming at night. Devdas offers to take her home, leaving their love assumed, and then ultimately rejects her by running away to Calcutta and sending a short letter. It's a seemingly uncomplicated scene until one realises that it is Devdas' inability to understand and relate to Paro emotionally, perhaps as a woman, that condemns his relationship and ultimately himself to death. As a child he orders her about and then abuses her when she stands up to him, telling him no or questioning his behaviour. As an adult he is intimidated by her independence and boldness, but again he cannot express it verbally or confront it, so instead runs away, treating Parvati cruelly. The inability of Devdas to allow Paro a space to speak her mind emotional becomes all the more potent when one reflects on Chandrumakhi's surprisingly astute feminist observation towards the end of the story:
鈥滻 feel women do not deserve all their reputation for being whimsical and fickle. It's you, men, who praise them no end 鈥� and then it's you who blame them and pull them down from their pedestal. You are able to speak your mind with ease. They cannot express themselves so easily. Even if they do, few understand them, because what they say is mumbled, easily drowned out by your loud voice.鈥�
Devdas, of course, doesn't understand the situation of his courtesan lover either and neither will he return the love that she offers him because his narrow minded attitudes towards reputation and class prevent it, even though she saves him emotionally and physically.
The tragedy of Devdas is that he drinks himself to death. But he drinks himself to death not necessarily because of a love lost, but because he cannot find a way to reconcile the person that he is within a societal framework with the loves and relationships that he'd like to have. He cannot be with the strong women that he genuinely loves because of all the tiny things about women and reputation that remain unspoken in society. It's not a fundamentally new observation, perhaps, even in the early 20th Century, but Chattopadhyay's expression of these ideas is unexpected and powerful.
Devdas is a man we can love as much as we can admit that he is flawed, perhaps because his flaw is all too understandable. It's simply that he doesn't comprehend the right thing to do at the right time. We've all made that mistake. When he does return to Paro, it's too late, she's married; but he fails to move on.
All my life I have heard of this character Devdas who turns into an alcoholic because of his failed love. Mostly referenced as "True lover" in many movies. But I haven't watched any of the movie adaptations of the book till now. Going into the book, I had no clue about the characters or the actual story. [I did not even read the goodreads summary, it explains the whole story]
Devdas and Parvati are childhood friends. I loved their childhood interactions as it sets the foundation of their dynamics. Devdas is arrogant and full of himself, Parvati, is prideful but full of love for Devdas. They miss the opportunity to end up with each other, and things take a turn.
I always assumed Devdas as depressed and someone with no hope. The book beautifully explains the reason for his every decisions. His extreme reactions do not come without an explanation. Devdas is actually a man of his word and understands everyone around him. But during his "I don't care about the world" phase, he really didn't care and was true to his character. He hurt many people (Parvati, Chandramookhi) and in the end, left them with more sufferings. That is what makes the story difficult to digest. It seems like an easy to read, short love novel but the emotions associated with it, goes deep. Everyone suffers and the pain is relatable.
The book was written way back but still the characters are relatable. Though social barriers are one of the reasons for Devdas and Parvati's separation. They don't have anyone to blame but them. -- It might be easy for someone to move on from love but not from regrets.
This book is considered an all time favourite love story which moves people to tears. But to me, it is a story of arrogance and pride. It shows how life is irreversible. Life moves in only one direction.
The book has an epic heart wrenching tragic end. Tragic yet poetic.
It is difficult to put down once started but it is worth it as the story is anyways short.
A tragic love story, the plot revolves around Devdas, a loser and failure in life, Paro, his forbidden childhood love; and Chandramukhi, a reformed courtesan. Though hailed as a great love story it is actually a study into the ideocracies and whims of a spoilt, alcoholic rich man鈥檚 son. Both Paro and Chandramukhi come across as weak women ready to fall at the feet of Devdas and worship him at drop of a hat. They continue to idolize and serve him while he hates Chandramukhi and has little respect for feelings of Paro.
The most filmed non-epic story in India, it has been adapted into twenty films between 1928-2018 in many Indian languages, including Bengali, Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu, Assamese and Malayalam.
I especially like the childhood depiction of Devdas and Paru's life. Also, I feel this book is especially useful in understanding why Devdas didn't marry Paru, when he could. Sanjay Leela Bhansali's film conveniently blames it on Devdas' parents, which is actually not the case, as the book explains. It's Devdas' own character flaw that brings about his downfall. Sarat Chandra's novel is certainly more nuanced and has a fair amount of depth.
I am pretty confused why this is billed as a love story; it鈥檚 more the portrait of a solipsistic, tyrannical, degenerate (Devdas). At no point in this text is it clear that Devdas has any conception of love or what he wants from a relationship beyond possession over an object. His childhood friendship with Paro is characterized as one where he thinks he owns her and can hit her for asserting independence. He rejects her proposal in part because she defies social norms and risks social censure to ask for a relationship with him. Then, having rejected her, he appears to realize he lost something he thought he owned, tried to take it back, is rejected, and scars her face as punishment.
Later, when Chandramukhi also directly asserts her love for him, he spurns her due to her lower class status and status as a prostitute. He also didn鈥檛 realize she loved him or cared for him, only expresses his affection in a roundabout way by calling her wife, and only does so when jealous that she has taken up with someone else.
The text juxtaposes the self-assured love expressed by Paro and Chandramukhi with reactive, jealous, possessive love of Devdas. Paro and Chandramukhi understand what they feel, are willing to risk a great deal in pursuit of what they want, and are able to move on with their lives constructively after being spurned or ignored by Devdas. Devdas is utterly disconnected from his interiority, cannot handle his perceived objects rejecting him, continually embraces cowardice when having to commit to someone, and can only channel his unidentified emotions into alcoholism.
I am not sure why we are supposed to feel sympathy for Devdas, and I think the text is self aware about this. Maybe the other two characters, but really someone should counsel these two that there are other people less toxic they can find love with.
I read this specifically because I love the Bollywood film with Shahrukh Khan in the starring role. In the book Devdas is even more cold, heartless and unlikeable than in the movie. Weirdly, this makes his death more moving and tragic. Easy to read and quite short, I'd really recommend this book to anyone.
First things first, DEVDAS is a name we've all grown up hearing or talking about! The symbolic meaning of the name is not unknown to us. Therefore it is not surprising and rather poetic that that the ones we call (or term) 'Devdas' today are mostly bound by love or a romance of the most fantastic sort, who thus cease to breach the barriers that lead to reality.
DEVDAS, the novel, is not only a tragic tale of romance but also a deep commentary on socio-cultural issues in our country like class, caste or the system of dowry, etc..! It is vibrant enough to paint a vivid picture of institutions like Family and Marriage and also how they control our dreams and desires in the cycle of life.
That this classic work, set in India of the early decades of the Twentieth Century, still connects is a testimony to the fact that the characters have been immortalized! You relate to the diminishing Devdas who struggles to fight his demons and loses himself in life, just like how it happens to most of us, at least once. The loving Paro wins you over with her naivety and her ever lasting devotion, and makes you admire her all the way through as she gets capable enough to take strong decisions for herself. The caring Chandramukhi, who despite all the constraints and disrepute that life has brought to her, is a woman of virtue and warmth who is firm in her beliefs and self righteous in her thoughts!
The impact that the story may have on the contemporary readers may leave them with something to ponder upon. A dilemma to which there may never be an *absolute* answer:
Me the miser on cheap book hunt that too in Hindi, found this gem selling on Amazon under 100/- :) and I had picked it for that rainy day which came too early in the form of a classic making me go through a reader's block. My tryst with the legend of Devdas started (Unfortunately) with the Sanjay Leela Bhansali's movie Devdas. Ironically I end up loving the movie for its Dialogues, those lines were literally to die for. Since that day I actually not only wanted to read the classic Bengali Literature and watch the original movie made by Bimal Roy with Dilip Kumar in lead. Guess what, it took me good 17 years I believe to finally achieve that. And I so much regret the same. Finally to come out of the reader's block I picked up this one in Hindi and what a mind-blowing book it turned out. No wonder I hated the man :) for destroying his own life and breaking the heart of so many amazing people who loved him till his last breath. One huge mistake and all of their lives go for a toss. But I must say that this is my second Sarat Chandra book which I have read back to back (with Parineeta) and he has definitely gone on top of the respect ladder in my heart and joins his contemporaries like Premchand, Tagore and even my personal all time favorite Satyajit Ray (who I would rate a little lower than all of them, please no brickbats) I am only talking about the Writing. On top of that imagine if a translation is making me say all that, how terrific would be the original Bengali edition. I sometimes wonder why we all have to grow old get burdened with so many responsibilities. If I was still in school or college (dependent on my parents) I would have learned at least Bengali and French for starters to read and watch so many movies respectively.
Devdas and Paro's amazing love story right from the childhood is so heart touching, right like the way even they do not realize when it goes to the next level, the reader too gets hooked to their simple care a damn life styles, dependent on each other for so many daily things was totally one of the best stories that I have ever read. The way Devdas the brat treats her, but she too is no less as she always takes a revenge on him one way or the other but later she always regrets her decisions whereas Devdas is totally different and aloof I would say, he actually never looks back at her. The reason why they fall out and that is the biggest mistake of his life which leads to the heart-breaking end. Sarat Chandra's story telling is so amazing I must say that he gives us not only three important characters but even the support cast in story is totally amazing. I loved the way Devdas' man servant standby him and never leaves him, the way they part had me totally choked with tears falling from my eyes. That was one of those rare moments from the story where I actually felt that Devdas too had a heart after-all especially the way he treats Paro throughout, the fallout, re-unions and the finale. Chandramukhi comes in his life like a breath of fresh air, it is read to be believed as who comes in whose life in reality. Is it Chandramukhi who kind of saves Devdas or is it him who bails her out of a courtesan's life, truly terrific. So far the movies that I have seen, show us a different picture altogether in comparison to what and how Author does it in his story. The sea of change in the three lead characters, the situations, the cross connections, love, affection, pain, sacrifice, regret and so much more is covered so subtly that my words and feelings will do no justice to how actually I felt while going through the story. I will not call it a depressing story but super emotional it indeed is and I again had that helplessness feeling while reading through the character's lives that I so much wished they did what I imagined them to do get some happiness in their life. But of-course the Author has his own ideas.
The totally surprising thing that I found out after reading the terrific book is that, Sarat Chandra claimed himself that he wrote the entire story in an inebriated state and he was ashamed of the same hence it took him good 17 years to let it go for publishing. Check the connection ;) it took me 17 years to read the book ;).
Movie Adaptations: The book is adapted so far 19 times and I have seen at-least three versions so far. Bimal Roy (1955), Sanjay Leela Bnahsali (2002) and Anurag Kahsyap (2009). Last week right after I finished the book, I got the Bimal Roy's Devdas and not only me but my kiddo and wifey too fell in love with Dilip Kumar for the way he played the character with elan, simply outstanding. The way Suchitra Sen did the Paro's character and Vyjayantimala played Chandramukhi, legendary it was, totally amazing experience and it was totally magical in black and white. The story is so gloomy at times that the movie being in black and white actually helps and makes more sense. I was so lost in the movie, story and characters that my kiddo actually reversed the movie quite a few times and told me to notice the camera work and long shots done by Bimal Roy, that was totally outstanding. In 1955, the way he moved his camera and took so many long shots and it's cinematography was top notch. Let's not even talk about the music, dialogues, costumes and other stuff. As I was reading the book a day prior to us watching the movie, I actually pakaoed my family with so many lines that I wanted to read aloud with full emotions, fortunately they let me do my theatrics and as we watched the movie, every time those legendary lines came alive from the mouth of an actor they both were looking at me with smiles on their faces. Not one line that Bimal Roy missed in the movie which was there in the book, this movie without doubt is The best adaptation ever that I have seen which satisfied the reader in me to no end that someone actually made a movie like that without missing almost nothing from the book. Yes, he did take a few cinematic liberties but that much benefit of doubt I will let him have it. After watching Bimal Roy's version we tried the 2002, Sanjay Leela Bhansali's movie too and within 20 minutes into the loudest, shrillest, brightest (almost made me go color blind), exaggerated and the most comical movie ever, we all jointly decided that is better to remove it from our database, not worth it at all.
PS: The most poignant scene of the movie which actually never happens in the book that stopped my heart for a few seconds is such a big spoiler that I wouldn't like to put it here, ask me and I will tell you about it, if you have read the book and seen the movie too.
I love Saratchandra's writing style. It's so simple and sweet. Reading his books makes you want to live in that time, where everything is so simple and the only problem and tension in life was to get your child married In a good household. Devdas is a typical man who falls for the beauty rather than the personality. And when he doesn't get what he wants he throws his life away. He is like a child. He wants to have whatever he wants whenever he wants it which isn't possible. And then rather than moving on he just destroys his life. Parvati on the other hand is a very sensible girl, she tried to get what she wanted and when she failed she accepted what was offered to her and did the best for herself. The movie by Sanjay Leela Bhansali is so different from the novel. It is more dramatised and a lot of things are different. Also SaratChandra's heroines are always very young but their movie adaptations show it differently. The novel shows the truth about society that how men go to extremes when they can't get what they want and how women are so calm and adjust to the life they get and be happy in that. At this level the novel is very realistic.
Loving Saratchandra's books. This was my second one. Starting Srikanta next.
I have probably watched the 2002 Bollywood movie anywhere between 3 and 10 times. So, when I finally came round to reading the book, I was slightly disappointed in the fact that both Parvati and Chandramukhi hardly feature in the original story. I understand that the focus is on Devdas, but from watching the movie, I generally leaned on the women. Parvati, who is such an important figure in Devdas鈥� world, barely crops up. She is very much pushed aside after she is married off. At least Chandramukhi has significant bits of dialogue in the novel.
What I did appreciate though was the backstory of Parvati and Devdas鈥� childhood and the origin of their love for each other. That was probably the one part that the movie didn鈥檛 really address. Another thing is now I sympathise more with Devdas than I have previously done; he鈥檚 not just a rash ill-tempered man. I understood a bit better what he is going through and the eternal dilemma he is faced with.
Those who have only read the book, please please watch the 2002 movie. It will hurt, but it is a beautiful adaptation and expansion of the story.
The original story is so matter-of-fact with minimal melodrama and is rooted in a certain time and a real cultural-societal milieu. It also reinforces my belief that Bollywood can't be trusted to deal honestly with the caste question. All the bollywood adaptations (particularly recent ones) have almost erased the society of Devdas, invisibilized caste, which is the ever looming character here. Right from the birth upto death of Devdas and his peers. Even after death, the fear of losing caste by touching him persists, hence 'chandals' are called to dispose the body. Oh well. This novel, like many of its era, is also a time capsule, but also a tale of self destruction which still is relevant in many ways.
What the 鈥�. ! Why the 鈥�! Beats me, why this book has got so much craze that it got adopted on screen more than 20 times, twice with Bollywood superstars of their times? Having had disliked the SRK version and wondering what the fuss is all about, I decided to read the Hindi translation of the original Bengali, which I think could come close to the original. I was expecting some philosophical platonic love kind of plot, but what I found was confused lovers' dilemma. The dialogues, the descriptions pretty ordinary. Is it the translation? Whatever it is, big disappointment!!!
Devdas is one of my favorite movies. I'm talking about the remake and not the original Bengali movie.
I was very surprised by how good this book was. There are layers to this story. Saratchandra is considered one of the great Indian writers, and he's right to be considered such. This book was written in 1917 and the concerns and lessons that it's author tried to teach are still very much relevant in this day and age.
Devdas' downfall is rooted in his pride and in his arrogant belief that he is better than the women that love him because he was born wealthy and to a high caste while they are not. He is unable to understand and allow himself to feel love for what he has been taught is beneath him, and so is not able to fully love in the way that love demands. He is loved unconditionally by both his childhood sweetheart Parvati, and a courtesan girlfriend named Chandramuhki.
Chattopadhyay who was born very poor, writes both women as not caring much for material possessions, giving alms to the poor and offerings to the gods, whereas the wealthier women are greedy, and given to excesses and not caring for the pain and plight of those around them. Both Paro, and Bou take on the role of mother goddesses when they heal Devdas and implore him to change his ways, to open his eyes and realize that there is really no reason for him to suffer when he not only has his wealth, but is rich in love as well.
It's a story that reads like a lot of the parables of Jesus that I was taught as a child. Lessons on destruction and blindness and not knowing how to live or to appreciate or be kind to the people around you.
I would highly recommend this book. I did cry a few times but it wasn't at the parts that I thought that I would, and I also thought that I would empathize more with Devdas than I did, but maybe it's because I saw a lot of twenty year old me in him.