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袩褗褌械褕械褋褌胁懈褟褌邪 薪邪 袚褗谢懈胁褗褉
袙 褌邪蟹懈 薪械芯斜懈泻薪芯胁械薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪 褋邪 芯锌懈褋邪薪懈 锌褗褌械褕械褋褌胁懈褟褌邪 薪邪 写芯泻褌芯褉 袥械屑褞械谢 袚褗谢懈胁械褉. 袙 蟹械屑懈褌械 薪邪 谢懈谢懈锌褍褌懈褌械 褌芯泄 褌械谐谢懈 褋 械写薪邪 褉褗泻邪 褑褟谢邪 泻褉邪谢褋泻邪 褎谢芯褌邪, 邪 胁 褋褌褉邪薪邪褌邪 薪邪 胁械谢懈泻邪薪懈褌械 褋械 写褍械谢懈褉邪 褋 芯褋懈 懈 锌懈械 芯褌 薪邪锌褉褗褋褌薪懈泻.
袠薪褌械褉械褋薪芯 械, 褔械 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 械 懈蟹胁械褋褌薪邪 锌褉械写懈 胁褋懈褔泻芯 泻邪褌芯 写械褌褋泻邪 泻薪懈谐邪. 些芯 褋械 芯褌薪邪褋褟 写芯 胁褗蟹褉邪褋褌薪懈褌械, 锌芯胁械褔械褌芯 芯褌 褌褟褏 褋懈 褋锌芯屑薪褟褌, 褔械 褋邪 褔械谢懈 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 泻邪褌芯 屑邪谢泻懈 懈 褉褟写泻芯 褋懈 锌褉邪胁褟褌 褌褉褍写邪 芯褌薪芯胁芯 写邪 锌褉芯褔械褌邪褌 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袗 胁褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 褔械褌械 薪械 褋邪屑芯 芯褌 写械褑邪褌邪, 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 褔械褌械, 泻邪泻褌芯 褋械 褔械褌械 械写薪邪 斜邪褋薪褟. 袣薪懈谐邪褌邪 械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 薪邪 鈥炐啃恍把佈傂拘残碘€�. 袟邪写 锌褗褉胁懈褟 鈥炐啃恍把佈傗€� - 蟹邪斜邪胁薪邪褌邪 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟, 褋械 芯褌泻褉懈胁邪 写褉褍谐, 屑薪芯谐芯 锌芯-褋械褉懈芯蟹械薪 懈 写褗谢斜芯泻, 泻邪泻褌芯 懈蟹锌褗褋褌褉械薪邪褌邪 褋 褕邪褉械薪懈 泻邪褉褌懈薪泻懈 褔械褉褍锌泻邪 薪邪 胁械谢懈泻写械薪褋泻芯褌芯 褟泄褑械 泻褉懈械 胁褗胁 胁褗褌褉械褕薪芯褋褌褌邪 褋懈 胁泻褍褋械薪 懈 褏褉邪薪懈褌械谢械薪 卸褗谢褌褗泻. 袠 胁薪懈屑邪褌械谢薪懈褟褌 褔懈褌邪褌械谢 胁械褔械 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪, 褔械 褋褌邪胁邪 胁褗锌褉芯褋 蟹邪 写械泄褋褌胁懈褌械谢薪芯褋褌褌邪 锌芯 胁褉械屑械褌芯 薪邪 邪胁褌芯褉邪. 袨褋屑懈胁邪褌 褋械 屑芯薪邪褉褏懈懈, 褑邪褉褋泻懈 写胁芯褉芯胁械, 芯褌写械谢薪懈 谐褉褍锌懈 褏芯褉邪 懈 褌械褏薪懈褟褌 械谐芯懈蟹褗屑, 屑邪谢芯写褍褕懈械 懈 懈薪褌褉懈谐邪薪褌褋褌胁芯. 小褍懈褎褌 芯褌锌褉邪胁褟 褟褉芯褋褌械薪 锌褉芯褌械褋褌 褋褉械褖褍 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褎芯褉屑懈 薪邪 锌芯写褌懈褋薪懈褔械褋褌胁芯褌芯, 褋褉械褖褍 褌懈褉邪薪懈褟褌邪, 邪谢褔薪芯褋褌褌邪, 薪械胁械卸械褋褌胁芯褌芯, 褋褍械胁械褉懈褟褌邪 懈 谐谢褍锌芯褋褌褌邪, 褋褉械褖褍 卸械褋褌芯泻懈褌械 泻邪褋邪锌薪懈褑懈 薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪. 袧芯 褌芯胁邪 械 褋邪屑芯 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪. 袗 锌褗谢薪邪褌邪 懈褋褌懈薪邪 械, 褔械 胁 褋褗褖芯褌芯 胁褉械屑械 小褍懈褎褌 芯褋褌邪胁邪 械写懈薪 芯褌 薪邪泄-胁械谢懈泻懈褌械 褏褍屑邪薪懈褋褌懈 薪邪 胁褋懈褔泻懈 胁褉械屑械薪邪. 袙褗锌褉械泻懈 锌械褋懈屑懈蟹屑邪 褋懈 褌芯泄 褉懈褋褍胁邪 胁 锌芯褋谢械写薪邪褌邪 褔邪褋褌 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 泻邪褉褌懈薪邪褌邪 薪邪 械写薪芯 褍褌芯锌懈褔薪芯 斜褗写械褖械: 褍褌芯锌懈褔薪芯, 薪芯 卸械谢邪薪芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯 薪邪 屑褗写褉懈, 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁懈 懈 褔芯胁械褔薪懈 褋褗褖械褋褌胁邪.
袠薪褌械褉械褋薪芯 械, 褔械 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 械 懈蟹胁械褋褌薪邪 锌褉械写懈 胁褋懈褔泻芯 泻邪褌芯 写械褌褋泻邪 泻薪懈谐邪. 些芯 褋械 芯褌薪邪褋褟 写芯 胁褗蟹褉邪褋褌薪懈褌械, 锌芯胁械褔械褌芯 芯褌 褌褟褏 褋懈 褋锌芯屑薪褟褌, 褔械 褋邪 褔械谢懈 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 泻邪褌芯 屑邪谢泻懈 懈 褉褟写泻芯 褋懈 锌褉邪胁褟褌 褌褉褍写邪 芯褌薪芯胁芯 写邪 锌褉芯褔械褌邪褌 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袗 胁褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 鈥炐撗娦恍感残笛€鈥� 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 褔械褌械 薪械 褋邪屑芯 芯褌 写械褑邪褌邪, 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 褔械褌械, 泻邪泻褌芯 褋械 褔械褌械 械写薪邪 斜邪褋薪褟. 袣薪懈谐邪褌邪 械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 薪邪 鈥炐啃恍把佈傂拘残碘€�. 袟邪写 锌褗褉胁懈褟 鈥炐啃恍把佈傗€� - 蟹邪斜邪胁薪邪褌邪 懈褋褌芯褉懈褟, 褋械 芯褌泻褉懈胁邪 写褉褍谐, 屑薪芯谐芯 锌芯-褋械褉懈芯蟹械薪 懈 写褗谢斜芯泻, 泻邪泻褌芯 懈蟹锌褗褋褌褉械薪邪褌邪 褋 褕邪褉械薪懈 泻邪褉褌懈薪泻懈 褔械褉褍锌泻邪 薪邪 胁械谢懈泻写械薪褋泻芯褌芯 褟泄褑械 泻褉懈械 胁褗胁 胁褗褌褉械褕薪芯褋褌褌邪 褋懈 胁泻褍褋械薪 懈 褏褉邪薪懈褌械谢械薪 卸褗谢褌褗泻. 袠 胁薪懈屑邪褌械谢薪懈褟褌 褔懈褌邪褌械谢 胁械褔械 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪, 褔械 褋褌邪胁邪 胁褗锌褉芯褋 蟹邪 写械泄褋褌胁懈褌械谢薪芯褋褌褌邪 锌芯 胁褉械屑械褌芯 薪邪 邪胁褌芯褉邪. 袨褋屑懈胁邪褌 褋械 屑芯薪邪褉褏懈懈, 褑邪褉褋泻懈 写胁芯褉芯胁械, 芯褌写械谢薪懈 谐褉褍锌懈 褏芯褉邪 懈 褌械褏薪懈褟褌 械谐芯懈蟹褗屑, 屑邪谢芯写褍褕懈械 懈 懈薪褌褉懈谐邪薪褌褋褌胁芯. 小褍懈褎褌 芯褌锌褉邪胁褟 褟褉芯褋褌械薪 锌褉芯褌械褋褌 褋褉械褖褍 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褎芯褉屑懈 薪邪 锌芯写褌懈褋薪懈褔械褋褌胁芯褌芯, 褋褉械褖褍 褌懈褉邪薪懈褟褌邪, 邪谢褔薪芯褋褌褌邪, 薪械胁械卸械褋褌胁芯褌芯, 褋褍械胁械褉懈褟褌邪 懈 谐谢褍锌芯褋褌褌邪, 褋褉械褖褍 卸械褋褌芯泻懈褌械 泻邪褋邪锌薪懈褑懈 薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪. 袧芯 褌芯胁邪 械 褋邪屑芯 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪. 袗 锌褗谢薪邪褌邪 懈褋褌懈薪邪 械, 褔械 胁 褋褗褖芯褌芯 胁褉械屑械 小褍懈褎褌 芯褋褌邪胁邪 械写懈薪 芯褌 薪邪泄-胁械谢懈泻懈褌械 褏褍屑邪薪懈褋褌懈 薪邪 胁褋懈褔泻懈 胁褉械屑械薪邪. 袙褗锌褉械泻懈 锌械褋懈屑懈蟹屑邪 褋懈 褌芯泄 褉懈褋褍胁邪 胁 锌芯褋谢械写薪邪褌邪 褔邪褋褌 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 泻邪褉褌懈薪邪褌邪 薪邪 械写薪芯 褍褌芯锌懈褔薪芯 斜褗写械褖械: 褍褌芯锌懈褔薪芯, 薪芯 卸械谢邪薪芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯 薪邪 屑褗写褉懈, 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁懈 懈 褔芯胁械褔薪懈 褋褗褖械褋褌胁邪.
292 pages, Hardcover
First published January 1, 1726
11821 people are currently reading
183317 people want to read
About the author
Jonathan Swift
4,650听books2,080听followersJonathan Swift was an Anglo-Irish satirist, author, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet, and Anglican cleric who became Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, hence his common sobriquet, "Dean Swift".
Swift is remembered for works such as A Tale of a Tub (1704), An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity (1712), Gulliver's Travels (1726), and A Modest Proposal (1729). He is regarded by the Encyclop忙dia Britannica as the foremost prose satirist in the English language. He originally published all of his works under pseudonyms鈥攕uch as Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M.B. Drapier鈥攐r anonymously. He was a master of two styles of satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian styles.
His deadpan, ironic writing style, particularly in A Modest Proposal, has led to such satire being subsequently termed "Swiftian".
Swift is remembered for works such as A Tale of a Tub (1704), An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity (1712), Gulliver's Travels (1726), and A Modest Proposal (1729). He is regarded by the Encyclop忙dia Britannica as the foremost prose satirist in the English language. He originally published all of his works under pseudonyms鈥攕uch as Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M.B. Drapier鈥攐r anonymously. He was a master of two styles of satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian styles.
His deadpan, ironic writing style, particularly in A Modest Proposal, has led to such satire being subsequently termed "Swiftian".
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 8,454 reviews
June 23, 2024
imagine if you lived in the 1700s and this was like...the most fun book available.
screaming and crying.
so grateful to live in a time when the only reason i read this book is because its cover is pretty, and not because i live a life of suffering and no running water and my idea of a raging good time is...this.
phew.
bottom line: this was fine, that's all.
screaming and crying.
so grateful to live in a time when the only reason i read this book is because its cover is pretty, and not because i live a life of suffering and no running water and my idea of a raging good time is...this.
phew.
bottom line: this was fine, that's all.
January 31, 2012
尝别迟鈥檚 face 颈迟鈥�.
Jonathan Swift was a snarky, snarky bitch.
Gulliver鈥檚 Travels is like a giant pimp slap across the humanrace face and I am so glad I finally read this in a non-school, non-structured environment because I had a whole lot more fun with it this time around. Swift鈥檚 wit, insight and delivery are often, though not always, remarkable and he crams more well thought out jabs and toe-steppings in this slim 250 page novel than I would have thought possible in a work twice this long. 听
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This is certainly a classic that I believe people should read and experience for themselves outside of any required scholarly endeavors because I think that many of the ills, injustices and idiocies that Swift addresses in this novel are still, unfortunately, very relevant today. While Swift is short on resolutions or ideas for improvement (one of my disappointments) he does a marvelous job of exposing the problems that he perceived as existing within the 18th Century world, most particularly England, and opening the door for a more expansive, popular discussion on these issues.
Kudos for that, Mr Swift.听
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From a plot perspective, Gulliver鈥檚 Travels is a series of adventures by Lemuel Gulliver to various undiscovered, fictional worlds that act as a backdrop for Swift, through his main character/mouthpiece, to scathe, rebuke, poke fun at and/or question all manner of political, religious 听and social institutions, philosophies and groups. Everything from blind adherence to political ideologies or religious dogma, to ideological intolerance, to arbitrary social divisions and even the non-practical aspects of the rampant scientific explorations so in vogue at the time. Few groups were spared from Swift's caustic lens and many of his attacks are vehement bordering on brutal.听
Good. That is how such a work should be IMHO.听
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Overall, I thought this was very worthwhile and many of Swift鈥檚 commentaries were piercing, 听brilliant and exceptionally well done. Some of my personal favorites include:听
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** Parodying the massive waste of energy and resources expended in political infighting in Great Britain between the Whigs and Tories by having the two Lilliputian political parties separated solely by the aesthetic choice between wearing high heels and low heels. I can only imagine how this parody played out among the MP of England at the time.听
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** Making light of the tremendous importance placed on seemingly trivial differences in religious doctrine that often lead to the most acrimonious wars and civil strife by explaining that the genesis of a long and bloody war between rival factions of Lilliputians stems from a disagreement over where to crack eggs. One group break their eggs on the small end (Small Endians) and the other break their eggs on the large end (Big Endians). What I found most clever about this attack was the use of an ambiguous reference in each side's 鈥渉oly book鈥� that states, 鈥渁ll true believers break their eggs at the convenient end.鈥� That is just about perfect satire Mr. Swift.
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** A biting jab at traditions and customs that people cling to long after there is no practical reason to do so is eloquently made when Gulliver describes the Lilliputians custom of burying their dead head first.
** A wonderful anti-war statement is made through the horror and disgust with which the King of the giant Brobdingnagians (their size depicted as representing moral superiority) reacts to Gulliver鈥檚 description of gunpowder and his offer to teach the Brobdingnagians the formula for producing it:
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** My personal favorite (purely from an enjoyment standpoint) is the depiction of the scientifically adept and common-senseless Laputans 听who exemplify Swift鈥檚 serious gripe against scientific research that doesn鈥檛 have a practical and foreseeable benefit to society.
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Now I must drop some ice in the bath water.听
As much as there was to enjoy in this work, I was not as blown away by it as I would have liked to have been. For one thing, I thought that Swift鈥檚 prose was merely serviceable and I didn鈥檛 find much in the way of eloquence in his delivery. It was missing the ear-pleasing lyrical quality that I have come to expect when reading classic literature. The writing wasn鈥檛 bad by any means but it wasn鈥檛 as enjoyable or memorable as I had hoped. This may be an unfair critique given that this book鈥檚 legacy lies with its content, but the lack of beautiful prose kept me from being able to enjoy the interludes and non-meaty passages of the work. 听听
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Also, some of Swift鈥檚 critiques fell a bit flat and didn't resonate with me as much as those mentioned above. For instance, the recasting of famous historical figures like Alexander, Hannibal and Caesar as being more subject to the moral frailties of the human animal than the established texts would have us believe. Swift uses this as the springboard to discuss the less than wholesome practices of securing political power today and that is a good thing. I just found the use of the legends of antiquity unnecessary and not particularly effective. That鈥檚 probably a personal bias of mine as I have always found those figures fascinating to read about. 听听
听
Here's my biggest problem. One of the principal arguments that Swift makes in his novel is that balance and moderation are the keys to success both individually and as a people. Extremes of behavior and belief are the seeds from which disastrous consequences are born, according to Swift. That鈥檚 easy to say and it has an attractive ring to it, but I wish Swift had done a little more with it. This walkmy right into my biggest complaint about the story鈥he ending.
听
I thought that the ambiguity of Gulliver鈥檚 condition at the end of the novel was a bit of a cop out. It appears as though the reader is left to determine whether Gulliver was (1) a man disgusted with humanity as a result of his exposure to the morally righteous and logically rational Houyhnhnm or (2) a man whose ill-conceived and intemperate worship of, and infatuation with the Houyhnhnm made him just another unbalanced yahoo whose loss of perspective and left him deranged. 听
听
Part of the answer of this would stem from determining whether Swift was holding up the Houyhnhnms as a model to follow or whether their own passionless adherence to logic was itself a subject of parody. However, as with the end, I think Swift was less than certain of his position (or of the position he wanted to state) and thus left too much ambiguity to the reader.
听
Now I understand that often these kinds of soft endings are perfect as they allow the reader to interpret the work for themselves. However, here where Swift has been bludgeoning the reader with his opinions throughout the entire work, to suddenly punt and not clearly express a case for his protagonist seems to be a miss.
听
That said, I am the first to acknowledge that it is anywhere from a distinct possibility to a metaphysical certainty that the 鈥渕iss鈥� here is on my part, but that was how I saw it. I wanted Swift to wrap up and summarize the effect of the journey on Gulliver and provide a statement about what should be drawn from his experience so that a better road could be paved for using his travels to address the problems on which it shined its light. 听
听
3.0 to 3.5 stars. Still鈥IGHLY RECOMMENDED!!
Jonathan Swift was a snarky, snarky bitch.
Gulliver鈥檚 Travels is like a giant pimp slap across the human
听
This is certainly a classic that I believe people should read and experience for themselves outside of any required scholarly endeavors because I think that many of the ills, injustices and idiocies that Swift addresses in this novel are still, unfortunately, very relevant today. While Swift is short on resolutions or ideas for improvement (one of my disappointments) he does a marvelous job of exposing the problems that he perceived as existing within the 18th Century world, most particularly England, and opening the door for a more expansive, popular discussion on these issues.
Kudos for that, Mr Swift.听
听
From a plot perspective, Gulliver鈥檚 Travels is a series of adventures by Lemuel Gulliver to various undiscovered, fictional worlds that act as a backdrop for Swift, through his main character/mouthpiece, to scathe, rebuke, poke fun at and/or question all manner of political, religious 听and social institutions, philosophies and groups. Everything from blind adherence to political ideologies or religious dogma, to ideological intolerance, to arbitrary social divisions and even the non-practical aspects of the rampant scientific explorations so in vogue at the time. Few groups were spared from Swift's caustic lens and many of his attacks are vehement bordering on brutal.听
Good. That is how such a work should be IMHO.听
听
Overall, I thought this was very worthwhile and many of Swift鈥檚 commentaries were piercing, 听brilliant and exceptionally well done. Some of my personal favorites include:听
听
** Parodying the massive waste of energy and resources expended in political infighting in Great Britain between the Whigs and Tories by having the two Lilliputian political parties separated solely by the aesthetic choice between wearing high heels and low heels. I can only imagine how this parody played out among the MP of England at the time.听
听
** Making light of the tremendous importance placed on seemingly trivial differences in religious doctrine that often lead to the most acrimonious wars and civil strife by explaining that the genesis of a long and bloody war between rival factions of Lilliputians stems from a disagreement over where to crack eggs. One group break their eggs on the small end (Small Endians) and the other break their eggs on the large end (Big Endians). What I found most clever about this attack was the use of an ambiguous reference in each side's 鈥渉oly book鈥� that states, 鈥渁ll true believers break their eggs at the convenient end.鈥� That is just about perfect satire Mr. Swift.
听
** A biting jab at traditions and customs that people cling to long after there is no practical reason to do so is eloquently made when Gulliver describes the Lilliputians custom of burying their dead head first.
They bury their dead with their heads directly downwards, because they hold an opinion that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise again, in which period the earth (which they conceive to be flat) will turn upside down, and by this means they shall, at their resurrection, be found ready standing on their feet. The learned among them confess the absurdity of this doctrine, but the practice still continues, in compliance to the vulgar.When Swift is on his game, he is very, very effective.
** A wonderful anti-war statement is made through the horror and disgust with which the King of the giant Brobdingnagians (their size depicted as representing moral superiority) reacts to Gulliver鈥檚 description of gunpowder and his offer to teach the Brobdingnagians the formula for producing it:
I told him of 鈥榓n invention, discovered between three and four hundred years ago, to make a certain powder鈥t]hat a proper quantity of this powder鈥ould drive a ball of iron or lead, with such violence and speed, as nothing was able to sustain its force. That the largest balls thus discharged, would not only destroy whole ranks of an army at once, but batter the strongest walls to the ground, sink down ships, with a thousand men in each, to the bottom of the sea, and when linked together by a chain, would cut through masts and rigging, divide hundreds of bodies in the middle, and lay all waste before them. That we often put this powder into large hollow balls of iron, and discharged them by an engine into some city we were besieging, which would rip up the pavements, tear the houses to pieces, burst and throw splinters on every side, dashing out the brains of all who came near鈥�Sorry for the long quote, but I thought that was a particularly moving passage.
...The king was struck with horror at the description I had given of those terrible engines, and the proposal I had made. 鈥楬e was amazed, how so impotent and groveling an insect as I鈥ould entertain such inhuman ideas, and in so familiar a manner, as to appear wholly unmoved at all the scenes of blood and desolation which I had painted as the common effects of those destructive machines; whereof,鈥� he said, 鈥榮ome evil genius, enemy to mankind, must have been the first contriver.鈥� As for himself, he protested, that although few things delighted him so much as new discoveries in art or in nature, yet he would rather lose half his kingdom, than be privy to such a secret; which he commanded me, as I valued any life, never to mention any more.
听
** My personal favorite (purely from an enjoyment standpoint) is the depiction of the scientifically adept and common-senseless Laputans 听who exemplify Swift鈥檚 serious gripe against scientific research that doesn鈥檛 have a practical and foreseeable benefit to society.
The first man I saw was of a meagre aspect, with sooty hands and face鈥H]e has been eight years upon a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, which were to be put in phials hermetically sealed, and let out to warm the air in raw inclement summers. He told me, he did not doubt, that, in eight years more, he should be able to supply the governor鈥檚 gardens with sunshine, at a reasonable rate鈥�.Gulliver鈥檚 exploration of the scientific academy of Laputa was my favorite part of the novel and I thought Swift鈥檚 satiric chops were at there sharpest in relaying the societal dysfunction of the Laputans.听
听
Now I must drop some ice in the bath water.听
As much as there was to enjoy in this work, I was not as blown away by it as I would have liked to have been. For one thing, I thought that Swift鈥檚 prose was merely serviceable and I didn鈥檛 find much in the way of eloquence in his delivery. It was missing the ear-pleasing lyrical quality that I have come to expect when reading classic literature. The writing wasn鈥檛 bad by any means but it wasn鈥檛 as enjoyable or memorable as I had hoped. This may be an unfair critique given that this book鈥檚 legacy lies with its content, but the lack of beautiful prose kept me from being able to enjoy the interludes and non-meaty passages of the work. 听听
听
Also, some of Swift鈥檚 critiques fell a bit flat and didn't resonate with me as much as those mentioned above. For instance, the recasting of famous historical figures like Alexander, Hannibal and Caesar as being more subject to the moral frailties of the human animal than the established texts would have us believe. Swift uses this as the springboard to discuss the less than wholesome practices of securing political power today and that is a good thing. I just found the use of the legends of antiquity unnecessary and not particularly effective. That鈥檚 probably a personal bias of mine as I have always found those figures fascinating to read about. 听听
听
Here's my biggest problem. One of the principal arguments that Swift makes in his novel is that balance and moderation are the keys to success both individually and as a people. Extremes of behavior and belief are the seeds from which disastrous consequences are born, according to Swift. That鈥檚 easy to say and it has an attractive ring to it, but I wish Swift had done a little more with it. This walkmy right into my biggest complaint about the story鈥he ending.
听
I thought that the ambiguity of Gulliver鈥檚 condition at the end of the novel was a bit of a cop out. It appears as though the reader is left to determine whether Gulliver was (1) a man disgusted with humanity as a result of his exposure to the morally righteous and logically rational Houyhnhnm or (2) a man whose ill-conceived and intemperate worship of, and infatuation with the Houyhnhnm made him just another unbalanced yahoo whose loss of perspective and left him deranged. 听
听
Part of the answer of this would stem from determining whether Swift was holding up the Houyhnhnms as a model to follow or whether their own passionless adherence to logic was itself a subject of parody. However, as with the end, I think Swift was less than certain of his position (or of the position he wanted to state) and thus left too much ambiguity to the reader.
听
Now I understand that often these kinds of soft endings are perfect as they allow the reader to interpret the work for themselves. However, here where Swift has been bludgeoning the reader with his opinions throughout the entire work, to suddenly punt and not clearly express a case for his protagonist seems to be a miss.
听
That said, I am the first to acknowledge that it is anywhere from a distinct possibility to a metaphysical certainty that the 鈥渕iss鈥� here is on my part, but that was how I saw it. I wanted Swift to wrap up and summarize the effect of the journey on Gulliver and provide a statement about what should be drawn from his experience so that a better road could be paved for using his travels to address the problems on which it shined its light. 听
听
3.0 to 3.5 stars. Still鈥IGHLY RECOMMENDED!!
March 19, 2012
Okay, I didn't finish this sucker. It was poor. I was kind of shocked. I was thinking why does no one point out that this is a giant rip off of Honey I Shrunk the Kids and Honey I Blew Up the Kid? It's painfully obvious. I don't see why this Danial Defoe mope has not had his ass sued, maybe he avoided that by writing his ripoff in a long ass frankly boring olde-worlde style so that all the lawyers would fall asleep before they got their writ typed up. The other stuff that isn't Lillypoot and Borodbynag or whatever is talking horses and shit and I'm pretty sure they're in Lord of the Rings so more ripoff although I never saw that movie all the way through because it's kind of boring and also kind of gay.
ps - some real geek types have PMed me saying that Daniel Dafoe didn't write thia d it was Jonathon Swift. I mean, get a life. They're all dead right? they're like deader than dead. who cares. lol.
ps - some real geek types have PMed me saying that Daniel Dafoe didn't write thia d it was Jonathon Swift. I mean, get a life. They're all dead right? they're like deader than dead. who cares. lol.
July 7, 2023
Tiny manifestations of human social models
One of the earliest forms of satire, just as Twains Yankee and Cervantes Don Quichote, but not that good
/book/show/3...
/book/show/1...
That麓s simply because Swift isn麓t such a talented, solid writer as Cervantes and not as ingenious as Twain. Swift tries to
Make some clever allegories about the stupidity of imbalanced power structures
And yes, it麓s witty and somewhat deep, but it麓s just not really absorbing because Swift hasn麓t the same intuition and talent for creative writing, leading to permanently losing focus while reading. What is interesting is the
Description of different cultures of that time
I didn麓t dig that deep, but history nerds will definitively find interesting connections and be able to compare and drivel for hours. As with many century old classics, a bit of racism and discrimination can麓t be kept out of the mix, but it麓s modest in comparision to other works like for instance the terrible Robinson Crusoe. All in all, it麓s a short, not as exhausting work as the mentioned Don Quichote and can rather be seen as an average, entertaining short story collection with one, uniting character. I麓ve seen that Swift has
Written some other satirical stuff
That hugely varies in quality and thereby
ratings. Sadly it麓s kind of tricky to choose the good ones, but no matter how good or bad the stuff is, it shows the immense power of satire, the most important way to criticize and open minds. Because people don麓t like being bored by proselytizing progressive forces, no matter how true, right, and good their intentions are, they prefer
Subtle subtext behind the seemingly trivial and superficial satire
That麓s what the really good high class comedy does, hiding the message of being aware of the malfunctionings and grievances of societies by ridiculing the ones causing them. Swift does this far too direct in the reader麓s face and kills many subtilities that way. That麓s also the reason why the censors of the time immediately recognized the messages and exterminated everything that was deemed too hot and critical, reducing the old editions of the work to a children麓s book after having eliminated everything that could get the rulers angry.
Because of the rarity of witty classic writing and because it麓s not that long and easy to consume it麓s still no bad choice for skimming and scanning action, especially if one is interested in the theory of humor and how traditions, nationalism, patriotism, sociology, etc yada yada yada, of that time worked.
Tropes show how literature is conceptualized and created and which mixture of elements makes works and genres unique:
One of the earliest forms of satire, just as Twains Yankee and Cervantes Don Quichote, but not that good
/book/show/3...
/book/show/1...
That麓s simply because Swift isn麓t such a talented, solid writer as Cervantes and not as ingenious as Twain. Swift tries to
Make some clever allegories about the stupidity of imbalanced power structures
And yes, it麓s witty and somewhat deep, but it麓s just not really absorbing because Swift hasn麓t the same intuition and talent for creative writing, leading to permanently losing focus while reading. What is interesting is the
Description of different cultures of that time
I didn麓t dig that deep, but history nerds will definitively find interesting connections and be able to compare and drivel for hours. As with many century old classics, a bit of racism and discrimination can麓t be kept out of the mix, but it麓s modest in comparision to other works like for instance the terrible Robinson Crusoe. All in all, it麓s a short, not as exhausting work as the mentioned Don Quichote and can rather be seen as an average, entertaining short story collection with one, uniting character. I麓ve seen that Swift has
Written some other satirical stuff
That hugely varies in quality and thereby
ratings. Sadly it麓s kind of tricky to choose the good ones, but no matter how good or bad the stuff is, it shows the immense power of satire, the most important way to criticize and open minds. Because people don麓t like being bored by proselytizing progressive forces, no matter how true, right, and good their intentions are, they prefer
Subtle subtext behind the seemingly trivial and superficial satire
That麓s what the really good high class comedy does, hiding the message of being aware of the malfunctionings and grievances of societies by ridiculing the ones causing them. Swift does this far too direct in the reader麓s face and kills many subtilities that way. That麓s also the reason why the censors of the time immediately recognized the messages and exterminated everything that was deemed too hot and critical, reducing the old editions of the work to a children麓s book after having eliminated everything that could get the rulers angry.
Because of the rarity of witty classic writing and because it麓s not that long and easy to consume it麓s still no bad choice for skimming and scanning action, especially if one is interested in the theory of humor and how traditions, nationalism, patriotism, sociology, etc yada yada yada, of that time worked.
Tropes show how literature is conceptualized and created and which mixture of elements makes works and genres unique:
March 18, 2025
There are many here among us
Who think that life is but a joke.
Bob Dylan
When Gulliver first came to the light of day in the climate of a more genteel, and historically Georgian reader than those who read Pilgrim's Progress in the previous century, echoes of its hero, Christian, must have resounded through his or her mind!
This fantasy has haunted my steps and dogged my days all my life. It represents a Pilgrim's Progress for me, too - as well as for Dean Swift, being an Anglican priest - through the insalubriously and most lugubriously harrowing paysage moralis茅 that was my, and Swift's life.
But placed in historical context it鈥檚 a harangue against religious narrow-mindedness, liberalism, and intellectual freedom. A mixed kettle of fish!
Nevertheless, the politely Houyhnimic, and thus archly knowing Pilosopher-Kings of Georgian Britain judged Swift to be rather odd, as their modern counterparts, too, judged me. For we were both bipolar.
Just outta bounds. Beyond simple decency. A Stranger to intellectual progress. Why?
You see, when a kid first wakes up and chooses ethical behaviour, he often sees himself as catapulted into a Land of Liliputians. If he rebels, he is blacklisted by their establishment, tied to the ground with tiny inextricably knotted threads while he sleeps, and roundly excoriated by their tiny, tinnily middle-class voices.
In short, he is just too proud by a very unhealthy margin. In my case, to make matters worse, I just chuckled at them. Hence my bipolarity. I needed an outlet!
If he still is not heeled, he will then be courted and thus grossed out by the humunguously odorific Brobdingnagians. That鈥檚 his second temptation, and it is seldom met with diffidence. Gulliver, though, reacts with panic. As did I.
If still unrepentant and self-willed, his next stop will be Laputia and its surrounding archipilago of islands. For he must at least learn humility.
There he will be pegged as a danger both to himself and polite society, when he continues to value himself over others.
Refusing to recant, his final stop is the Isle of enervately intellectual Houyhmnms. Who disdain him. And rightly so, for they dwarf him in their paradoxical intelligence.
He will be from thenceforth exiled into ignominy - up crap creek without a paddle: he is condemned to SWIM back to Ireland. Thank heaven, then, for the small mercy (a canoe) he is then afforded!
And like Gulliver, crushed, I was finally humble.
Oh, and it's not a fantasy.
It鈥檚 the enforced progress of a half-baked pilgrim, who STILL only Regresses until he learned. That was me.
John Bunyan woulda just sighed and said that鈥檚 LIFE for us Christians, as we grow in faith, pride intact at first.
If we want to be saved, we must swallow that pride. Holus bolus.
We must not live a life that is a Slaughterhouse Five -
For you MAY be saved (and maybe not, if you haven't survived the trial).
For just like Billy Pilgrim, we still have a chronically Enlarged Ego that has simply gotta go:
By letting the Lord 鈥渢rample out His wine press where His Grapes of Wrath are stored.鈥� And believe me, we all deserve it. But how.
And so we reach Heaven.
The end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive at the place we started
And know the place for the first time.
Who think that life is but a joke.
Bob Dylan
When Gulliver first came to the light of day in the climate of a more genteel, and historically Georgian reader than those who read Pilgrim's Progress in the previous century, echoes of its hero, Christian, must have resounded through his or her mind!
This fantasy has haunted my steps and dogged my days all my life. It represents a Pilgrim's Progress for me, too - as well as for Dean Swift, being an Anglican priest - through the insalubriously and most lugubriously harrowing paysage moralis茅 that was my, and Swift's life.
But placed in historical context it鈥檚 a harangue against religious narrow-mindedness, liberalism, and intellectual freedom. A mixed kettle of fish!
Nevertheless, the politely Houyhnimic, and thus archly knowing Pilosopher-Kings of Georgian Britain judged Swift to be rather odd, as their modern counterparts, too, judged me. For we were both bipolar.
Just outta bounds. Beyond simple decency. A Stranger to intellectual progress. Why?
You see, when a kid first wakes up and chooses ethical behaviour, he often sees himself as catapulted into a Land of Liliputians. If he rebels, he is blacklisted by their establishment, tied to the ground with tiny inextricably knotted threads while he sleeps, and roundly excoriated by their tiny, tinnily middle-class voices.
In short, he is just too proud by a very unhealthy margin. In my case, to make matters worse, I just chuckled at them. Hence my bipolarity. I needed an outlet!
If he still is not heeled, he will then be courted and thus grossed out by the humunguously odorific Brobdingnagians. That鈥檚 his second temptation, and it is seldom met with diffidence. Gulliver, though, reacts with panic. As did I.
If still unrepentant and self-willed, his next stop will be Laputia and its surrounding archipilago of islands. For he must at least learn humility.
There he will be pegged as a danger both to himself and polite society, when he continues to value himself over others.
Refusing to recant, his final stop is the Isle of enervately intellectual Houyhmnms. Who disdain him. And rightly so, for they dwarf him in their paradoxical intelligence.
He will be from thenceforth exiled into ignominy - up crap creek without a paddle: he is condemned to SWIM back to Ireland. Thank heaven, then, for the small mercy (a canoe) he is then afforded!
And like Gulliver, crushed, I was finally humble.
Oh, and it's not a fantasy.
It鈥檚 the enforced progress of a half-baked pilgrim, who STILL only Regresses until he learned. That was me.
John Bunyan woulda just sighed and said that鈥檚 LIFE for us Christians, as we grow in faith, pride intact at first.
If we want to be saved, we must swallow that pride. Holus bolus.
We must not live a life that is a Slaughterhouse Five -
For you MAY be saved (and maybe not, if you haven't survived the trial).
For just like Billy Pilgrim, we still have a chronically Enlarged Ego that has simply gotta go:
By letting the Lord 鈥渢rample out His wine press where His Grapes of Wrath are stored.鈥� And believe me, we all deserve it. But how.
And so we reach Heaven.
The end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive at the place we started
And know the place for the first time.
March 14, 2022
Lemuel Gulliver was the first who discovered the theory of relativity: he comprehended that everything in the world is relative therefore while amongst Lilliputians he is a giant, amongst Brobdingnagians he is a midget.
Eccentricity excellently stands against the erosion of time 鈥� much better than any fashion. But it takes a genius to see everything ordinary and commonplace in a bizarre light and to make it withstand the ages.
Rejoice, Jonathan Swift was an inventor of computer and he was the first programmer!
Eccentricity excellently stands against the erosion of time 鈥� much better than any fashion. But it takes a genius to see everything ordinary and commonplace in a bizarre light and to make it withstand the ages.
Everyone knows how laborious the usual method is of attaining to arts and sciences; whereas by his contrivance, the most ignorant person at a reasonable charge, and with a little bodily labour, may write books in philosophy, poetry, politics, law, mathematics and theology, without the least assistance from genius or study. He then led me to the frame, about the sides whereof all his pupils stood in ranks. It was twenty foot square, placed in the middle of the room. The superficies was composed of several bits of wood, about the bigness of a die, but some larger than others. They were all linked together by slender wires. These bits of wood were covered on every square with papers pasted on them; and on these papers were written all the words of their language in their several moods, tenses, and declensions, but without any order. The professor then desired me to observe, for he was going to set his engine at work.
Rejoice, Jonathan Swift was an inventor of computer and he was the first programmer!
February 20, 2022
賴賷 賲噩賲賵毓丞 氐賮毓丕鬲 賲鬲鬲丕賱賷丞 毓賱賶 賵噩賴 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞 噩賲毓丕亍..賮毓賳丿賲丕 鬲乇賮囟賰 丕賱噩賷丕丿 丕賱賳丕胤賯丞 亘賱胤賮..賱丕賳賴丕 丕賰孬乇 賲賳賰 鬲丨囟乇丕 賵 乇卮丿丕..丕匕賳 賮賱鬲毓丿 賷丕 "噩丕賱賷賮乇 "賲賳 乇丨賱丕鬲賰 丕賱丕乇亘毓丞..丨夭賷賳丕 賰爻賷乇丕
賱賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丕鬲 賲賰丕賳丞 禺丕氐丞 賮賷 賯賱亘賷..賮賴賷 兀賵賱 乇丨賱丕鬲賷 丕賱胤賵賷賱丞 賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱賮丕賳鬲丕夭賷丕 賵丕賱禺賷丕賱 亘賱丕 丨丿賵丿..賮賲賳 禺賱丕賱 丕賱鬲乇噩賲丞 丕賱乇卮賷賯丞 賱賱毓亘賯乇賷 賰丕賲賱 丕賱賰賷賱丕賳賷..賯乇丕鬲賴丕 賮賷 爻賳 丕賱毓丕卮乇丞 亘毓乇亘賷丞 賮氐賷丨丞 賵 鬲卮賰賷賱. .賵 賱賲 賷賳胤賮賶亍 丕賳亘賴丕乇賷
賮賯乇丕鬲賴丕 賲賱禺氐丞 亘丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞..孬賲 賮賷 賳爻禺鬲賴丕 丕賱賰丕賲賱丞 賮賷 爻賳 30
兀丨亘亘鬲 丕賴賱 賱賷賱賷亘賵鬲 丕賱丕賯夭丕賲 丕賱爻禺賮丕亍 丕賱賲鬲賲爻賰賷賳 亘丕賱鬲賯丕賱賷丿..賵 丕賱卮賰賱賷丕鬲 ..賵 丕賱毓賲丕賱賯丞 丕賱賴賲噩 丕賱匕賷賳 賰卮賮賵丕 賱噩丕賱賷賮乇 睾乇賵乇賴 賵 囟丕賱鬲賴. .賵 丕賱賮賱丕爻賮丞 ..丕賱爻丨乇丞. .賵丕賱賲禺賱丿賵賳 丕賱鬲毓爻丕亍
賵兀禺賷乇丕 賵 乇睾賲 禺賷丕賱賴 丕賱賮賱爻賮賷 丕賱噩丕賲丨 ..賱賲 賷丨賯賯 爻賵賷賮鬲..賴丿賮賴 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱鬲賷 卮賳賴丕 毓賱賶 丕賱噩賳爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷..賳賮匕鬲 胤亘毓丕鬲 賰鬲丕亘賴..賵 賱賰賳 囟丨賰 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賲賳 丕賱賲睾丕賲乇丕鬲 賵丕毓鬲亘乇賵賴丕. .胤乇丕卅賮 毓賳 丨賲丕賯丕鬲 卮毓賵亘 丕禺乇賶
..賵賴賰匕丕 乇丨賱 爻賵賷賮鬲 氐丕賲鬲丕...賵 賮丕賯丿丕 賱毓賯賱賴
丕賱兀爻賱賵亘 賯丿賷賲 賵 毓賱賶 卮賰賱 賲匕賰乇丕鬲 ..賵 賰匕賱賰 丕賱賱睾丞 .. 賱匕丕 賯丿 賷賰賵賳 丕爻賴賱 毓賱賶 丕賱亘毓囟 賯乇丕亍鬲賴丕 賲禺鬲氐乇丞 賮賴賷 鬲賳鬲賲賷 賱毓丕賲 1700..賵 賱賰賳 丕賱丨賲丕賯丕鬲 ..賵丕賱丕賳丕賳賷丞 賵 丕賱丨乇賵亘 ..賴賷 賴賷..賵 爻鬲馗賱 賰賲丕 賴賷
賱賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丕鬲 賲賰丕賳丞 禺丕氐丞 賮賷 賯賱亘賷..賮賴賷 兀賵賱 乇丨賱丕鬲賷 丕賱胤賵賷賱丞 賱毓丕賱賲 丕賱賮丕賳鬲丕夭賷丕 賵丕賱禺賷丕賱 亘賱丕 丨丿賵丿..賮賲賳 禺賱丕賱 丕賱鬲乇噩賲丞 丕賱乇卮賷賯丞 賱賱毓亘賯乇賷 賰丕賲賱 丕賱賰賷賱丕賳賷..賯乇丕鬲賴丕 賮賷 爻賳 丕賱毓丕卮乇丞 亘毓乇亘賷丞 賮氐賷丨丞 賵 鬲卮賰賷賱. .賵 賱賲 賷賳胤賮賶亍 丕賳亘賴丕乇賷
賮賯乇丕鬲賴丕 賲賱禺氐丞 亘丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞..孬賲 賮賷 賳爻禺鬲賴丕 丕賱賰丕賲賱丞 賮賷 爻賳 30
兀丨亘亘鬲 丕賴賱 賱賷賱賷亘賵鬲 丕賱丕賯夭丕賲 丕賱爻禺賮丕亍 丕賱賲鬲賲爻賰賷賳 亘丕賱鬲賯丕賱賷丿..賵 丕賱卮賰賱賷丕鬲 ..賵 丕賱毓賲丕賱賯丞 丕賱賴賲噩 丕賱匕賷賳 賰卮賮賵丕 賱噩丕賱賷賮乇 睾乇賵乇賴 賵 囟丕賱鬲賴. .賵 丕賱賮賱丕爻賮丞 ..丕賱爻丨乇丞. .賵丕賱賲禺賱丿賵賳 丕賱鬲毓爻丕亍
賵兀禺賷乇丕 賵 乇睾賲 禺賷丕賱賴 丕賱賮賱爻賮賷 丕賱噩丕賲丨 ..賱賲 賷丨賯賯 爻賵賷賮鬲..賴丿賮賴 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱鬲賷 卮賳賴丕 毓賱賶 丕賱噩賳爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷..賳賮匕鬲 胤亘毓丕鬲 賰鬲丕亘賴..賵 賱賰賳 囟丨賰 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賲賳 丕賱賲睾丕賲乇丕鬲 賵丕毓鬲亘乇賵賴丕. .胤乇丕卅賮 毓賳 丨賲丕賯丕鬲 卮毓賵亘 丕禺乇賶
..賵賴賰匕丕 乇丨賱 爻賵賷賮鬲 氐丕賲鬲丕...賵 賮丕賯丿丕 賱毓賯賱賴
丕賱兀爻賱賵亘 賯丿賷賲 賵 毓賱賶 卮賰賱 賲匕賰乇丕鬲 ..賵 賰匕賱賰 丕賱賱睾丞 .. 賱匕丕 賯丿 賷賰賵賳 丕爻賴賱 毓賱賶 丕賱亘毓囟 賯乇丕亍鬲賴丕 賲禺鬲氐乇丞 賮賴賷 鬲賳鬲賲賷 賱毓丕賲 1700..賵 賱賰賳 丕賱丨賲丕賯丕鬲 ..賵丕賱丕賳丕賳賷丞 賵 丕賱丨乇賵亘 ..賴賷 賴賷..賵 爻鬲馗賱 賰賲丕 賴賷
March 7, 2022
"The rats on board carried away one of my sheep;"
"Care and vigilance, with a very common understanding, may preserve a man鈥檚 goods from thieves, but honesty has no defence against superior cunning;"
It seems that I had a completely incorrect opinion of what Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travel would be. To be fair, my prior opinion was solely based on the children's cartoon that I had watched years ago, but the book holds a shocking contrast to that easy going adaptation with a bunch of Lilliputians in every conceivable way. Okay may be the humor is still here, but this humor on human nature is coming from a more complicated level altogether.
I'm not that used to these kind of satirical proses, so it took me a while to get used to things. At first, I was a somewhat confused as to why would the author be using such a complex prose for a children's book, but it quickly became apparent that this is even beyond the average YA book. Swift's witty remarks on general human conduct alone are quite complex, and he's not holding back in conveying his observations about society at that time, even resorting to several offensive comments.
The book is a compilations of four different adventures, though, each subsection is identical in the sense that Gulliver getting shipwrecked each time to be followed by arriving at an island populated by a strange civilization and proceeding to learning their culture and languages, providing a detailed description about the inhabitants encountered using Gulliver's POV. This, in my opinion, had been done in a masterful way, not once betraying the fact that Gulliver's perspective is not authentic. However, the identical sequence of events occurring after the initial encounter does start to feel repetitive after a while, making the book more of a 3-star read. But, since all this helped me to reminisce about the time I got to watch the cartoon a long time ago, I couldn't help but add another star.
"Whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together."
"Truth always forces its way into rational minds,"
"Care and vigilance, with a very common understanding, may preserve a man鈥檚 goods from thieves, but honesty has no defence against superior cunning;"
It seems that I had a completely incorrect opinion of what Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travel would be. To be fair, my prior opinion was solely based on the children's cartoon that I had watched years ago, but the book holds a shocking contrast to that easy going adaptation with a bunch of Lilliputians in every conceivable way. Okay may be the humor is still here, but this humor on human nature is coming from a more complicated level altogether.
I'm not that used to these kind of satirical proses, so it took me a while to get used to things. At first, I was a somewhat confused as to why would the author be using such a complex prose for a children's book, but it quickly became apparent that this is even beyond the average YA book. Swift's witty remarks on general human conduct alone are quite complex, and he's not holding back in conveying his observations about society at that time, even resorting to several offensive comments.
The book is a compilations of four different adventures, though, each subsection is identical in the sense that Gulliver getting shipwrecked each time to be followed by arriving at an island populated by a strange civilization and proceeding to learning their culture and languages, providing a detailed description about the inhabitants encountered using Gulliver's POV. This, in my opinion, had been done in a masterful way, not once betraying the fact that Gulliver's perspective is not authentic. However, the identical sequence of events occurring after the initial encounter does start to feel repetitive after a while, making the book more of a 3-star read. But, since all this helped me to reminisce about the time I got to watch the cartoon a long time ago, I couldn't help but add another star.
"Whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together."
"Truth always forces its way into rational minds,"
January 24, 2022
鈥淯ndoubtedly, philosophers are in the right when they tell us that nothing is great or little otherwise than by comparison.鈥�
Swift鈥檚 masterpiece, brilliant satire was published in 1726. Swift lived in the 18th century, times of great societal changes when the legacy of Enlightenment culminated in French Revolution and caused a great political and cultural change. Also, European exploration of the world advanced, resulting in growing colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world. That intensified mass migrations as well as expanded the slave trade on a global scale.
The novel is dived into four parts, each describing one of Gulliver's adventures. It has an epistolary form as the narrator is Gulliver himself, Swift is laying out the events as they happened, striving to be emotionally detached and as objective as he can, without deeper reflections. Swift never breaks character, and we see the world exclusively through Gulliver鈥檚 eyes, making the narration unreliable to an extent. The language is quite similar to 's, in long, detailed descriptions, somewhat dry and preachy tone with racist and imperialist overtones, but Swift uses the form to ridicule the adventure genre of novels and break out some inappropriate jokes, with unexpected descriptions of excretory bodily functions or genitals. Swift also writes a fantastic story, that could be in parts even considered as speculative fiction. With imaginative events the narrator claims have happened, he precisely mocks those who include untrue events in their travelogues and claim them to be true. Through his satirical overtones, Swift gives a critique of colonialism and slavery, European governments, rulers and scientists, doctors and attorneys, the complete human nature.
The first Gulliver adventure is the most famous one, in the land of Lilliputians, people 15.24 centimeters tall. Here Swift highlights the human tendency to consider themselves the most important creatures despite their small size, being unaware of their insignificance in the universe. The government of Liliput is unable to make and adhere to important decisions and their ruler abuses power. Lilliputians have a heavily bureaucratic society, with absurd rules and social conventions and brutal punishments if one does not adhere to them. Their obsession with rules comes from an inflated ego, where they have to have a rigid system that will hide their insignificance. They also want to use Gulliver as a weapon in their petty wars, which shows that someone's grandiosity is a reason for calculation and exploitation by others, and Gulliver is endangered by their number and eventually accused of high treason. Their system of court and punishment is not a reflection of justice - the more innocent a man is, the heavier and more brutal is the punishment, and the absurdity of the legal system is highlighted. They have a conflict with other nation in regards to what is the best way to break an egg - on a smaller or larger end. Here Swift comments on the conflict between Catholics and Protestants - and Gulliver is not surprised by the absurdity of the conflict over breaking an egg, which shows how people are well adapted to insignificant differences causing large divisions and violence among menkind.
On the next adventure, Gulliver visits the land of Brobdingnag, a land of giants. The giants of Brobdingnag are in contrast to the Lilliputians, showing that the concept of a person's size, significance, and power differs as the world around him changes. Gulliver's dominance and grandiosity, but also vulnerability is a relative concept, dependant on the size of those around him. Gulliver here has constant anxiety and feeling of inferiority as he goes from being colossal to smallness and endangered insignificance in Brobdingnag. Residents of Brobdinagnag have a tendency towards extremes, they are prone to both greed and tenderness. Here Gulliver is being exploited again by a farmer, which shows that exploitation is a matter of opportunity, not size, social status, or wealth. The king and queen of Brobdingnag are not malevolent, and they care for Gulliver, but at the same time regard him as a funny puppet. For them, it is unimaginable that Gulliver is a complete person, a man with a homeland with history, laws, philosophy. The king is interested in Gulliver's stories but only as entertainment, mirroring the European sentiment of the time, towards foreigners and other cultures, considering them fun and interesting, but not to be taken seriously. The king also has a very narrow, limited perspective of the world - he has absolute authoritarian power, the country is isolated, they do not travel, they learn only a few subjects in education, only ones with practical significance and they are not interested in philosophy and abstract ideas. They are very bodily, sensual and sexual, prone to pleasures and celebrations, with no interest in the progress of mind or culture. Their king does not understand war or democracy, representing the peaceful but limited and isolated monarchy. After the rescue from the land of giants, Gulliver can't get used to the size of normal people and he consideres himself bigger than them.
Gulliver鈥檚 third adventure is in the land of Laputa, floating island Swifts uses for satire of scholars and scientists, philosophers, Pythagoreans, and Enlightenment. In the contrast to Brobdinagnag, in the land of Laputa mathematics and music are of the highest importance, and the importance of theory and science is taken to an extreme. Lauptans know complex geometry but are at the same unable to build proportionate houses or make a decent suit. Their theoretical knowledge is deeply impractical, they do absurd experiments that are useless or even destructive, they complicate to an obscure level that becomes counterproductive. The wise man of Laputa embodies the futility of the search for knowledge as a means to an end, without taking into account the practical and concrete world. This is a reflection of Swift鈥檚 thought that the philosophers of the Enlightenment were theoretical in their thinking to the point of obscurity. It is a critique of schools and educational institutions, societies of top intellectuals. Gulliver also goes to the land of sorcerers where he encounters the spirits of the past - Alexander the Great, Caesar, Homer, Aristotle, Descartes. Gulliver here realizes how knowledge of history is used manipulatively for someone's interest as the history he knew was full of misinterpretation and learns that all knowledge of history is subjective.
The last adventure takes Gulliver in the land of noble talking horses, Houyhnhnms. Houyhnhnms use the benefits of a rational mind combined with moral virtues, creating a country where the common good is of the greatest value. Houyhnhnms tell only truth and live without lies, injustice, corruption, class, diseases, in an atmosphere of seemingly minimal suffering and inequality. They maintain domination with physical strength and reason. Here, friendship and goodwill replace romantic love and family. The marriages are arranged for the production of specifically two children of different sexes and they exchange of children if they are of the same sex, granting absolute gender equality, but with loss of emotional connections. Houyhnhnms have no emotional experiences of love (the death of a member of society is insignificant) which gives meaning to life, they do not celebrate and do not rejoice, creating a peaceful, but somewhat cold utopia with loss of individual identity and diversity.
In this utopian society, the ideal of Enlightenment, where reason rules everything, horses rule over the Yahoos- the savage, hairy, primitive, animal-like men. Houyhnhnms reject the primal human nature reflected in Yahoos, exposing their tendency toward superiority if one looks and behaves differently, rejecting everything that is not in line with their ideal of culture and reason. Benevolence and friendship are reserved only for their kind, embodying the basic idea of colonialism. Gulliver idealizes Houyhnhnmas, and being blind to their hypocrisy and narcissism, he wants to integrate into their society. In a quest in merging with the collective, he tries to give up the human identity that makes him different, being ashamed of his similarity to Yahoos.
But Gulliver is deceived because he identifies with the horses. Houyhnhnms are a reflection of himself 鈥� his superiority he felt towards every culture he came to, but also his superiority he feels towards the European society.
Gulliver is ultimely the antihero that used the exploration of the world and different societies for making the faults of human nature visible to him, but not being aware he himself is also part of society, akin to human nature he keeps critiquing, full of flaws. Gulliver is both 鈥済ullible鈥� and full of prejudges and false concepts. He is grandiose, egocentric, pliable, without a firm attitude, restless, adventurous, insensitive, unsympathetic, always running from everything less than ideal, even if that means running away from his pregnant wife and children. Gulliver seeks the fantom of a perfect society and rejects the dark and primal side of human nature as unworthy of love. He criticizes and mocks others but never ridicules himself and his shortcomings. It is not a great wonder that Gulliver becomes the figure of repulsion and rejection in any society - he ultimately cannot integrate even in the society of narcissistic horses he regards as ideal. Unlike , his illusions and prejudices remain to the end, as well as disgust of others.
Through the novel in each adventure and the culture Gulliver encounters, we see a progression of the political systems from the unjust, brutal authoritarian bureaucracy of Liliput, to benevolent but ignorant monarchy of Brobdinagnag, to leaders that value science and philosophy of Laputa, and, in the end, to land of Houyhnhnms, the society that values reason, morality and equality - the utopian society that revolutions promised in the 18th century. But even the ideal society enlightened by reason and morality dominates tribes and races that are different, the ones they decide are not decent, or cultural enough to be equal. The morally superior horses push violently against the primal part of human nature symbolically represented by Yahoos, revealing the criticism of enlighted, morally superior European societies that continue to flourish in colonialism and the exponentially growing slave trade, brutal oppression of different cultures they call 鈥渟avages鈥� in the period that is known as "century of lights" or the "century of reason". Colonization is the ultimate expression of pride and narcissism. Even worse than open tyranny, is the oppression that comes from moral superiority.
Recommended for the readers going through the literary canon, lovers of satire, misanthropes and social critics but also for narcissists who think all humans are corrupt, except themselves.
Swift鈥檚 masterpiece, brilliant satire was published in 1726. Swift lived in the 18th century, times of great societal changes when the legacy of Enlightenment culminated in French Revolution and caused a great political and cultural change. Also, European exploration of the world advanced, resulting in growing colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world. That intensified mass migrations as well as expanded the slave trade on a global scale.
The novel is dived into four parts, each describing one of Gulliver's adventures. It has an epistolary form as the narrator is Gulliver himself, Swift is laying out the events as they happened, striving to be emotionally detached and as objective as he can, without deeper reflections. Swift never breaks character, and we see the world exclusively through Gulliver鈥檚 eyes, making the narration unreliable to an extent. The language is quite similar to 's, in long, detailed descriptions, somewhat dry and preachy tone with racist and imperialist overtones, but Swift uses the form to ridicule the adventure genre of novels and break out some inappropriate jokes, with unexpected descriptions of excretory bodily functions or genitals. Swift also writes a fantastic story, that could be in parts even considered as speculative fiction. With imaginative events the narrator claims have happened, he precisely mocks those who include untrue events in their travelogues and claim them to be true. Through his satirical overtones, Swift gives a critique of colonialism and slavery, European governments, rulers and scientists, doctors and attorneys, the complete human nature.
The first Gulliver adventure is the most famous one, in the land of Lilliputians, people 15.24 centimeters tall. Here Swift highlights the human tendency to consider themselves the most important creatures despite their small size, being unaware of their insignificance in the universe. The government of Liliput is unable to make and adhere to important decisions and their ruler abuses power. Lilliputians have a heavily bureaucratic society, with absurd rules and social conventions and brutal punishments if one does not adhere to them. Their obsession with rules comes from an inflated ego, where they have to have a rigid system that will hide their insignificance. They also want to use Gulliver as a weapon in their petty wars, which shows that someone's grandiosity is a reason for calculation and exploitation by others, and Gulliver is endangered by their number and eventually accused of high treason. Their system of court and punishment is not a reflection of justice - the more innocent a man is, the heavier and more brutal is the punishment, and the absurdity of the legal system is highlighted. They have a conflict with other nation in regards to what is the best way to break an egg - on a smaller or larger end. Here Swift comments on the conflict between Catholics and Protestants - and Gulliver is not surprised by the absurdity of the conflict over breaking an egg, which shows how people are well adapted to insignificant differences causing large divisions and violence among menkind.
On the next adventure, Gulliver visits the land of Brobdingnag, a land of giants. The giants of Brobdingnag are in contrast to the Lilliputians, showing that the concept of a person's size, significance, and power differs as the world around him changes. Gulliver's dominance and grandiosity, but also vulnerability is a relative concept, dependant on the size of those around him. Gulliver here has constant anxiety and feeling of inferiority as he goes from being colossal to smallness and endangered insignificance in Brobdingnag. Residents of Brobdinagnag have a tendency towards extremes, they are prone to both greed and tenderness. Here Gulliver is being exploited again by a farmer, which shows that exploitation is a matter of opportunity, not size, social status, or wealth. The king and queen of Brobdingnag are not malevolent, and they care for Gulliver, but at the same time regard him as a funny puppet. For them, it is unimaginable that Gulliver is a complete person, a man with a homeland with history, laws, philosophy. The king is interested in Gulliver's stories but only as entertainment, mirroring the European sentiment of the time, towards foreigners and other cultures, considering them fun and interesting, but not to be taken seriously. The king also has a very narrow, limited perspective of the world - he has absolute authoritarian power, the country is isolated, they do not travel, they learn only a few subjects in education, only ones with practical significance and they are not interested in philosophy and abstract ideas. They are very bodily, sensual and sexual, prone to pleasures and celebrations, with no interest in the progress of mind or culture. Their king does not understand war or democracy, representing the peaceful but limited and isolated monarchy. After the rescue from the land of giants, Gulliver can't get used to the size of normal people and he consideres himself bigger than them.
Gulliver鈥檚 third adventure is in the land of Laputa, floating island Swifts uses for satire of scholars and scientists, philosophers, Pythagoreans, and Enlightenment. In the contrast to Brobdinagnag, in the land of Laputa mathematics and music are of the highest importance, and the importance of theory and science is taken to an extreme. Lauptans know complex geometry but are at the same unable to build proportionate houses or make a decent suit. Their theoretical knowledge is deeply impractical, they do absurd experiments that are useless or even destructive, they complicate to an obscure level that becomes counterproductive. The wise man of Laputa embodies the futility of the search for knowledge as a means to an end, without taking into account the practical and concrete world. This is a reflection of Swift鈥檚 thought that the philosophers of the Enlightenment were theoretical in their thinking to the point of obscurity. It is a critique of schools and educational institutions, societies of top intellectuals. Gulliver also goes to the land of sorcerers where he encounters the spirits of the past - Alexander the Great, Caesar, Homer, Aristotle, Descartes. Gulliver here realizes how knowledge of history is used manipulatively for someone's interest as the history he knew was full of misinterpretation and learns that all knowledge of history is subjective.
The last adventure takes Gulliver in the land of noble talking horses, Houyhnhnms. Houyhnhnms use the benefits of a rational mind combined with moral virtues, creating a country where the common good is of the greatest value. Houyhnhnms tell only truth and live without lies, injustice, corruption, class, diseases, in an atmosphere of seemingly minimal suffering and inequality. They maintain domination with physical strength and reason. Here, friendship and goodwill replace romantic love and family. The marriages are arranged for the production of specifically two children of different sexes and they exchange of children if they are of the same sex, granting absolute gender equality, but with loss of emotional connections. Houyhnhnms have no emotional experiences of love (the death of a member of society is insignificant) which gives meaning to life, they do not celebrate and do not rejoice, creating a peaceful, but somewhat cold utopia with loss of individual identity and diversity.
In this utopian society, the ideal of Enlightenment, where reason rules everything, horses rule over the Yahoos- the savage, hairy, primitive, animal-like men. Houyhnhnms reject the primal human nature reflected in Yahoos, exposing their tendency toward superiority if one looks and behaves differently, rejecting everything that is not in line with their ideal of culture and reason. Benevolence and friendship are reserved only for their kind, embodying the basic idea of colonialism. Gulliver idealizes Houyhnhnmas, and being blind to their hypocrisy and narcissism, he wants to integrate into their society. In a quest in merging with the collective, he tries to give up the human identity that makes him different, being ashamed of his similarity to Yahoos.
But Gulliver is deceived because he identifies with the horses. Houyhnhnms are a reflection of himself 鈥� his superiority he felt towards every culture he came to, but also his superiority he feels towards the European society.
Gulliver is ultimely the antihero that used the exploration of the world and different societies for making the faults of human nature visible to him, but not being aware he himself is also part of society, akin to human nature he keeps critiquing, full of flaws. Gulliver is both 鈥済ullible鈥� and full of prejudges and false concepts. He is grandiose, egocentric, pliable, without a firm attitude, restless, adventurous, insensitive, unsympathetic, always running from everything less than ideal, even if that means running away from his pregnant wife and children. Gulliver seeks the fantom of a perfect society and rejects the dark and primal side of human nature as unworthy of love. He criticizes and mocks others but never ridicules himself and his shortcomings. It is not a great wonder that Gulliver becomes the figure of repulsion and rejection in any society - he ultimately cannot integrate even in the society of narcissistic horses he regards as ideal. Unlike , his illusions and prejudices remain to the end, as well as disgust of others.
Through the novel in each adventure and the culture Gulliver encounters, we see a progression of the political systems from the unjust, brutal authoritarian bureaucracy of Liliput, to benevolent but ignorant monarchy of Brobdinagnag, to leaders that value science and philosophy of Laputa, and, in the end, to land of Houyhnhnms, the society that values reason, morality and equality - the utopian society that revolutions promised in the 18th century. But even the ideal society enlightened by reason and morality dominates tribes and races that are different, the ones they decide are not decent, or cultural enough to be equal. The morally superior horses push violently against the primal part of human nature symbolically represented by Yahoos, revealing the criticism of enlighted, morally superior European societies that continue to flourish in colonialism and the exponentially growing slave trade, brutal oppression of different cultures they call 鈥渟avages鈥� in the period that is known as "century of lights" or the "century of reason". Colonization is the ultimate expression of pride and narcissism. Even worse than open tyranny, is the oppression that comes from moral superiority.
Recommended for the readers going through the literary canon, lovers of satire, misanthropes and social critics but also for narcissists who think all humans are corrupt, except themselves.
October 11, 2018
Everyone remembers poor Gulliver in breeches and three-cornered hat, pinned down with cords on a beach, by an army of minute soldiers. A young boy鈥檚 nightmare, no doubt, but there is much more to this book than this rosy image, reproduced endlessly on the pediments of toy shops and theme parks. This is indeed an astonishing book.
Gulliver鈥檚 Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World presents itself as the plain and faithful account of the voyages of Lemuel Gulliver, a surgeon from Redriff and a captain of ships. The name of Jonathan Swift is omitted, as well as the fact that the whole narrative is a heap of whoppers from cover to cover. Moreover, the straight-faced narrator, fooling his 鈥渃andid鈥� reader鈥檚 credulity, concludes the books and declares that he 鈥渞ather chose to relate plain Matter of Fact in the simplest Manner and Style; because my principal Design was to inform, and not to amuse thee鈥� (IV, 12).
Swift鈥檚 novel 鈥� a masterful sham 鈥� is indeed written in the detailed and earnest manner of an ethnographic documentary. Through the four parts of this book, Gulliver first discovers the islands of Lilliput and Blefuscu, with its diminutive inhabitants, off the coast of Java (if you ever fancy going there, the narrator provides a few maps and GPS coordinates); he then sails to the West coast of America and discovers Brobdingnag, where people are, on the contrary, of gigantic proportions; later on, he travels across the Pacific Ocean and visits the flying island of Laputa (no pun intended?) and Balnibarbi, as well as the necromancers of Glubbdubdrib, the immortals of Luggnagg, and finally Japan (spot the odd one out, if you can). On his last trip, around New-Holland (aka Australia), he travels to the idyllic island of the neighing and rational Houyhnhnms and of the despicable Yahoos 鈥� the most politically loaded and, in my opinion, best part of this book. A total of seven discoveries.
Each time, Gulliver鈥檚 ship is caught in a storm and shipwrecked, he lands on a strange island, meets the inhabitants, is the host of an important figure of that country, relates a couple of toilet-humour anecdotes, learns their tongue-twisting language, describes their strange manners, laws, gastronomy and architecture, provides 鈥� to his host鈥檚 great surprise and dismay 鈥� an account of the Europeans habits and customs.
However, what makes Gulliver鈥檚 Travels one of the significant works of the early 18th century is, apart from the Irish clergyman鈥檚 zany imagination in devising fictional countries and populations, his astounding deadpan humour, tongue-in-cheek mockery, and even savage assault, against his contemporaries and human nature in general. The universal ridicule and relentless attacks aim at practically everything, in a sort of encyclopaedic undertaking: nobility titles, impractical scientific achievements and Royal Academies, philosophical jargon, the quackery of physicians, the general falsehood that runs among lawyers, the foolish wish for a long life, European politics and wars, the English constitution, Western colonialism, human grandeur (i.e. vanity) itself, and 鈥� apologies to half my 欧宝娱乐 friends! 鈥� the fake gloss of women鈥檚 skin.
Some of the fiercest invectives against the human race are, of course, put in the mouths of Gulliver鈥檚 non-human hosts; for instance, the Prince of Brobdingnag: 鈥淚 cannot but conclude the Bulk of your Natives, to be the most pernicious Race of little odious Vermin that Nature ever suffered to crawl upon the Surface of the Earth鈥� (II, 6). Sometimes, Gulliver speaks for himself: 鈥渉aving strictly examined all the Persons of greatest Name in the Courts of Princes for an hundred Years past, I found how the World had been misled by prostitute Writers, to ascribe the greatest Exploits in War to Cowards, the Wisest Counsel to Fools, Sincerity to Flatterers, Roman Virtue to Betrayers of their Country, Piety to Atheists, Chastity to Sodomites, Truth to Informers鈥�; adding just after that, with a magnificent irony: 鈥淚 hope I may be pardoned if these Discoveries inclined me a little to abate of that profound Veneration which I am naturally apt to pay to Persons of high Rank, who ought to be treated with the utmost Respect due to their sublime Dignity, by us their Inferiors鈥� (III, 8). However harsh and offensive these comments might sound, even today, I must confess, there is always something extraordinarily amusing and toe-curling, invigorating even, about Swift鈥檚 prose. It is, all in all, an essential book on the human condition.
Needless to say, Gulliver鈥檚 Travels it at the epicentre of a literary tradition of both adventures on sea (to which it is an obvious parody) and social satire, that goes as far back as Homer鈥檚 Odyssey, through Sindbad鈥檚 tales, the Travels of Marco Polo, Rabelais鈥� Gargantua and Pantagruel, Erasmus鈥� In Praise of Folly, Thomas More鈥檚 Utopia, Dafoe鈥檚 Robinson Crusoe, Montesquieu's Persian Letters, up to a significant part of modern literature: Voltaire鈥檚 Candide and 惭颈肠谤辞尘茅驳补蝉, James Cook鈥檚 Voyages of Discovery, 笔辞别鈥檚 Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, Carroll鈥檚 Alice鈥檚 Adventures in Wonderland, Wells鈥� Island of Dr Moreau, Orwell鈥檚 Animal Farm, and all their more recent avatars 鈥� say, The Hitchicker鈥檚 Guide to the Galaxy, to name just one book, or even Godzilla and King Kong, on the big screen.
Gulliver鈥檚 Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World presents itself as the plain and faithful account of the voyages of Lemuel Gulliver, a surgeon from Redriff and a captain of ships. The name of Jonathan Swift is omitted, as well as the fact that the whole narrative is a heap of whoppers from cover to cover. Moreover, the straight-faced narrator, fooling his 鈥渃andid鈥� reader鈥檚 credulity, concludes the books and declares that he 鈥渞ather chose to relate plain Matter of Fact in the simplest Manner and Style; because my principal Design was to inform, and not to amuse thee鈥� (IV, 12).
Swift鈥檚 novel 鈥� a masterful sham 鈥� is indeed written in the detailed and earnest manner of an ethnographic documentary. Through the four parts of this book, Gulliver first discovers the islands of Lilliput and Blefuscu, with its diminutive inhabitants, off the coast of Java (if you ever fancy going there, the narrator provides a few maps and GPS coordinates); he then sails to the West coast of America and discovers Brobdingnag, where people are, on the contrary, of gigantic proportions; later on, he travels across the Pacific Ocean and visits the flying island of Laputa (no pun intended?) and Balnibarbi, as well as the necromancers of Glubbdubdrib, the immortals of Luggnagg, and finally Japan (spot the odd one out, if you can). On his last trip, around New-Holland (aka Australia), he travels to the idyllic island of the neighing and rational Houyhnhnms and of the despicable Yahoos 鈥� the most politically loaded and, in my opinion, best part of this book. A total of seven discoveries.
Each time, Gulliver鈥檚 ship is caught in a storm and shipwrecked, he lands on a strange island, meets the inhabitants, is the host of an important figure of that country, relates a couple of toilet-humour anecdotes, learns their tongue-twisting language, describes their strange manners, laws, gastronomy and architecture, provides 鈥� to his host鈥檚 great surprise and dismay 鈥� an account of the Europeans habits and customs.
However, what makes Gulliver鈥檚 Travels one of the significant works of the early 18th century is, apart from the Irish clergyman鈥檚 zany imagination in devising fictional countries and populations, his astounding deadpan humour, tongue-in-cheek mockery, and even savage assault, against his contemporaries and human nature in general. The universal ridicule and relentless attacks aim at practically everything, in a sort of encyclopaedic undertaking: nobility titles, impractical scientific achievements and Royal Academies, philosophical jargon, the quackery of physicians, the general falsehood that runs among lawyers, the foolish wish for a long life, European politics and wars, the English constitution, Western colonialism, human grandeur (i.e. vanity) itself, and 鈥� apologies to half my 欧宝娱乐 friends! 鈥� the fake gloss of women鈥檚 skin.
Some of the fiercest invectives against the human race are, of course, put in the mouths of Gulliver鈥檚 non-human hosts; for instance, the Prince of Brobdingnag: 鈥淚 cannot but conclude the Bulk of your Natives, to be the most pernicious Race of little odious Vermin that Nature ever suffered to crawl upon the Surface of the Earth鈥� (II, 6). Sometimes, Gulliver speaks for himself: 鈥渉aving strictly examined all the Persons of greatest Name in the Courts of Princes for an hundred Years past, I found how the World had been misled by prostitute Writers, to ascribe the greatest Exploits in War to Cowards, the Wisest Counsel to Fools, Sincerity to Flatterers, Roman Virtue to Betrayers of their Country, Piety to Atheists, Chastity to Sodomites, Truth to Informers鈥�; adding just after that, with a magnificent irony: 鈥淚 hope I may be pardoned if these Discoveries inclined me a little to abate of that profound Veneration which I am naturally apt to pay to Persons of high Rank, who ought to be treated with the utmost Respect due to their sublime Dignity, by us their Inferiors鈥� (III, 8). However harsh and offensive these comments might sound, even today, I must confess, there is always something extraordinarily amusing and toe-curling, invigorating even, about Swift鈥檚 prose. It is, all in all, an essential book on the human condition.
Needless to say, Gulliver鈥檚 Travels it at the epicentre of a literary tradition of both adventures on sea (to which it is an obvious parody) and social satire, that goes as far back as Homer鈥檚 Odyssey, through Sindbad鈥檚 tales, the Travels of Marco Polo, Rabelais鈥� Gargantua and Pantagruel, Erasmus鈥� In Praise of Folly, Thomas More鈥檚 Utopia, Dafoe鈥檚 Robinson Crusoe, Montesquieu's Persian Letters, up to a significant part of modern literature: Voltaire鈥檚 Candide and 惭颈肠谤辞尘茅驳补蝉, James Cook鈥檚 Voyages of Discovery, 笔辞别鈥檚 Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, Carroll鈥檚 Alice鈥檚 Adventures in Wonderland, Wells鈥� Island of Dr Moreau, Orwell鈥檚 Animal Farm, and all their more recent avatars 鈥� say, The Hitchicker鈥檚 Guide to the Galaxy, to name just one book, or even Godzilla and King Kong, on the big screen.
November 8, 2017
"And he gave it for his opinion, "that whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together."
I don't think there will ever be a time when Gulliver's Travels doesn't feel like a perfect mirror of humankind. I remember the first time I read it, as a child. I was immeasurably impressed with the sudden insight that things are small or great depending on comparison with other things, and that there are no absolute values. That knowledge, combined with the idea that you learn to understand yourself by seeing your peculiarities through the eyes of people who do not share your social and cultural background, helped me navigate my globetrotting childhood. When I reread the Travels as a grown-up, I focused more on the political satire, finding pleasure in discovering that the typical idiocies of my own time apparently had their correspondences centuries ago. Somehow, that made life easier to bear.
But now I am beginning to wonder. Are the yahoos degenerating further? When will they hit rock bottom? And could we maybe ship off some of our worst yahoos to Lilliput, where they can claim they are great without lying?
Thank Goodness there are authors like Swift, who are capable of making humanists in despair laugh on dark November nights after reading the never-ending misery called news. Oh Lordy, I wish they were fake.
But they are likely to mirror the world - without the wit and irony that Swift added to make life endurable, enjoyable even! That is a quality in an author that is always needed, now more than ever!
Yahooooooooooooooooo!
I don't think there will ever be a time when Gulliver's Travels doesn't feel like a perfect mirror of humankind. I remember the first time I read it, as a child. I was immeasurably impressed with the sudden insight that things are small or great depending on comparison with other things, and that there are no absolute values. That knowledge, combined with the idea that you learn to understand yourself by seeing your peculiarities through the eyes of people who do not share your social and cultural background, helped me navigate my globetrotting childhood. When I reread the Travels as a grown-up, I focused more on the political satire, finding pleasure in discovering that the typical idiocies of my own time apparently had their correspondences centuries ago. Somehow, that made life easier to bear.
But now I am beginning to wonder. Are the yahoos degenerating further? When will they hit rock bottom? And could we maybe ship off some of our worst yahoos to Lilliput, where they can claim they are great without lying?
Thank Goodness there are authors like Swift, who are capable of making humanists in despair laugh on dark November nights after reading the never-ending misery called news. Oh Lordy, I wish they were fake.
But they are likely to mirror the world - without the wit and irony that Swift added to make life endurable, enjoyable even! That is a quality in an author that is always needed, now more than ever!
Yahooooooooooooooooo!
March 10, 2009
Oh man.
This book was sheer torture.
The writing was dry and bland and boring.
Swift had some really interesting ideas - An island of people no larger than your finger. Another island with people that are 60 feet tall. A floating island, an island of scientists, the island of Yahoos...but the execution was hard to appreciate.
I came very close to putting this novel down many many times.
I admit to not being a fan of early, victorian literature, but this was just painful.
This book was sheer torture.
The writing was dry and bland and boring.
Swift had some really interesting ideas - An island of people no larger than your finger. Another island with people that are 60 feet tall. A floating island, an island of scientists, the island of Yahoos...but the execution was hard to appreciate.
I came very close to putting this novel down many many times.
I admit to not being a fan of early, victorian literature, but this was just painful.
December 12, 2022
"Y esta, consider茅, ser铆a la menor de mis desgracias, puesto que siendo los humanos, tal como se ha comprobado, m谩s salvajes y crueles cuando mayor es su tama帽o. 驴qu茅 pod铆a esperar yo que no fuera el convertirme en un simple bocado en las fauces del primero de aquellos gigantes que me atrapara?"
鈥淟os viajes de Gulliver鈥� es del tipo de libros que podr铆an agruparse con otros relatos de viajes para ser le铆dos en cadena, puesto que las experiencias que se narran en ellos en general son afines entre s铆.
Por la naturaleza de lo que sucede en 茅l, se pueden establecer relaciones entre 茅ste libro y 鈥淩obinson Crusoe鈥�, de Daniel Defoe, a partir de las experiencias de Lemuel Gulliver como n谩ufrago en varias ocasiones, o 鈥淟a isla del tesoro鈥� de Robert Louis Stevenson e incluso por el tipo de personajes con los que Gulliver se encuentra con el libro 鈥淎licia en el pa铆s de las maravillas鈥� de Lewis Carroll y por qu茅 no con aquellas novelas sobre los avances cient铆ficos escritas por Julio Verne ("Veinte mil leguas de viaje submarino"), m谩s precisamente cuando describe la isla flotante de Laputa y tambi茅n de ciertos acercamientos a aquellos libros que pertenecen a la ciencia ficci贸n -se me ocurre "Cr贸nicas Marcianas" de Ray Bradbury- dado que por momentos lo que Gulliver narra en cada uno de sus cuatro viajes se asemeja a visitar otro planeta, particularmente en el tercer y cuarto viaje.
Este libro es para muchos un claro ejemplo de ese g茅nero literario denominado S谩tira: "Discurso o composici贸n literaria en prosa o verso en que se critican agudamente las costumbres o vicios de alguien con intenci贸n moralizadora, l煤dica o meramente burlesca.".
Tambi茅n podr铆a atribu铆rsele el mote de novela pol铆tica sat铆rica, puesto que lo que Swift expone en 茅l es un racconto de las distintas sociedades modernas adaptadas a extra帽os pa铆ses, razas y seres dejando bien en claro que todos aquellos reinos que visita contienen defectos excepto el del pa铆s de los houyhnhnms, a los que declara como una raza impecable tanto por sus valores como sus virtudes y ninguna imperfecci贸n.
De todos modos, Swift siempre se las ingenia para dejar muy bien parado a su pa铆s, Inglaterra, al cual posiciona como el emblema de Europa y pr谩cticamente como la mejor naci贸n del mundo.
Puede entenderse esa obsesi贸n en el autor de dejar bien en claro la supremac铆a brit谩nica sobre Francia, pa铆s enemistado con Inglaterra durante el siglo XVIII.
Un rasgo interesante del libro es el de la dificultad al leer los nombres propios, de pa铆ses y vocabulario inventado por Swift, algo que demuestra su l煤cida inteligencia.
Cito un ejemplo: en Lilliput lo llaman Quihnbus Flestrin, que significa Hombre-Monta帽a, mientras que en Broddingnag, su nombre es Grildrig y la ni帽a que lo cuida se llama Glumdalclitch.
Otro detalle acerca de la lectura de este libro es que me cost贸 mucho dimensionar las diferencias de tama帽os tanto en su estad铆a en Lilliput como en Brobdingnag, ya que tanto el autor como los traductores utilizan el sistema de medidas que incluyen pulgadas, yardas, pies y millas. Para un lector acostumbrado al sistema m茅trico que utiliza mil铆metros, metros y kil贸metros, aunque parezca un detalle tonto, el sistema del autor no ofrece una orientaci贸n clara.
Un dato pintoresco es que las diferencias de tama帽os est谩n marcadamente diferenciadas, a punto tal que cuando uno se acostumbr贸 al tama帽o gigante de Gulliver en Lilliput, le cuesta imaginarse el tama帽o opuesto cuando pone un pie en el reino de Brobdingnag en donde esos tama帽os se invierten durante su segundo viaje. All铆, Gulliver es un min煤sculo ser humano.
Durante su tercer viaje cuando conoce losa los dominios de Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdi y Luggnagg el lector descubre que los tama帽os son iguales pero que esa raza de laputienses son pr谩cticamente como las de verdaderos extraterrestres, "con un ojo vuelo y otro apuntando al c茅nit", como indica Gulliver.
Viven en un ambiente que se caracteriza por la geometr铆a, las matem谩ticas y la m煤sica. Fue para m铆 el viaje m谩s desconcertante, pero a su vez, debo reconocer el talento y la incre铆ble imaginaci贸n de Jonathan Swift para crear semejantes personajes. Tengamos en cuenta que este libro fue publicado en 1726, 隆139 a帽os antes de "Alicia en el pa铆s de las maravillas!, libro en el que Carroll despliega tambi茅n una maravillosa imaginer铆a de personajes incre铆bles.
Durante el cuarto viaje, en las tierra de los houyhnhnms, que son una raza de caballos con inteligencia que dominan a otros seres inferiores, en estado bruto llamados yahoos, que son muy inferiores pero a la vez muy parecidos a los humanos, algo me remite a la pel铆cula "El planeta de los simios" en donde los seres humanos son esclavizados por una raza de monos dotados de una inteligencia avanzada.
En definidas cuentas, "Los viajes de Gulliver" es un libro entretenido, un tanto tedioso en algunas partes, sobre todo en aquellas donde vuelve a explicar c贸mo es Inglaterra a cada raza que visita; que tiene un costado verdaderamente de publicidad pol铆tica y ensalzamiento de Inglaterra en detrimento de otras naciones y tambi茅n expone, aunque sin denunciar, el tema de la esclavitud.
Es dif铆cil que se sientan ofendidos por este tema, dado que es mundialmente conocido el pasado pirata y de trata de esclavos de los ingleses, aunque en el caso de su libro, Swift se saca el peso de encima ech谩ndole la culpa a los portugueses, los holandeses y los espa帽oles.
Nuevamente destaco el poder de la imaginaci贸n de Jonathan Swift, un adelantado a su 茅poca, puesto que escribi贸 un su libro que a煤n hoy tiene la vigencia intacta de los m谩s afamados cl谩sicos que nunca pasan de moda.
鈥淟os viajes de Gulliver鈥� es del tipo de libros que podr铆an agruparse con otros relatos de viajes para ser le铆dos en cadena, puesto que las experiencias que se narran en ellos en general son afines entre s铆.
Por la naturaleza de lo que sucede en 茅l, se pueden establecer relaciones entre 茅ste libro y 鈥淩obinson Crusoe鈥�, de Daniel Defoe, a partir de las experiencias de Lemuel Gulliver como n谩ufrago en varias ocasiones, o 鈥淟a isla del tesoro鈥� de Robert Louis Stevenson e incluso por el tipo de personajes con los que Gulliver se encuentra con el libro 鈥淎licia en el pa铆s de las maravillas鈥� de Lewis Carroll y por qu茅 no con aquellas novelas sobre los avances cient铆ficos escritas por Julio Verne ("Veinte mil leguas de viaje submarino"), m谩s precisamente cuando describe la isla flotante de Laputa y tambi茅n de ciertos acercamientos a aquellos libros que pertenecen a la ciencia ficci贸n -se me ocurre "Cr贸nicas Marcianas" de Ray Bradbury- dado que por momentos lo que Gulliver narra en cada uno de sus cuatro viajes se asemeja a visitar otro planeta, particularmente en el tercer y cuarto viaje.
Este libro es para muchos un claro ejemplo de ese g茅nero literario denominado S谩tira: "Discurso o composici贸n literaria en prosa o verso en que se critican agudamente las costumbres o vicios de alguien con intenci贸n moralizadora, l煤dica o meramente burlesca.".
Tambi茅n podr铆a atribu铆rsele el mote de novela pol铆tica sat铆rica, puesto que lo que Swift expone en 茅l es un racconto de las distintas sociedades modernas adaptadas a extra帽os pa铆ses, razas y seres dejando bien en claro que todos aquellos reinos que visita contienen defectos excepto el del pa铆s de los houyhnhnms, a los que declara como una raza impecable tanto por sus valores como sus virtudes y ninguna imperfecci贸n.
De todos modos, Swift siempre se las ingenia para dejar muy bien parado a su pa铆s, Inglaterra, al cual posiciona como el emblema de Europa y pr谩cticamente como la mejor naci贸n del mundo.
Puede entenderse esa obsesi贸n en el autor de dejar bien en claro la supremac铆a brit谩nica sobre Francia, pa铆s enemistado con Inglaterra durante el siglo XVIII.
Un rasgo interesante del libro es el de la dificultad al leer los nombres propios, de pa铆ses y vocabulario inventado por Swift, algo que demuestra su l煤cida inteligencia.
Cito un ejemplo: en Lilliput lo llaman Quihnbus Flestrin, que significa Hombre-Monta帽a, mientras que en Broddingnag, su nombre es Grildrig y la ni帽a que lo cuida se llama Glumdalclitch.
Otro detalle acerca de la lectura de este libro es que me cost贸 mucho dimensionar las diferencias de tama帽os tanto en su estad铆a en Lilliput como en Brobdingnag, ya que tanto el autor como los traductores utilizan el sistema de medidas que incluyen pulgadas, yardas, pies y millas. Para un lector acostumbrado al sistema m茅trico que utiliza mil铆metros, metros y kil贸metros, aunque parezca un detalle tonto, el sistema del autor no ofrece una orientaci贸n clara.
Un dato pintoresco es que las diferencias de tama帽os est谩n marcadamente diferenciadas, a punto tal que cuando uno se acostumbr贸 al tama帽o gigante de Gulliver en Lilliput, le cuesta imaginarse el tama帽o opuesto cuando pone un pie en el reino de Brobdingnag en donde esos tama帽os se invierten durante su segundo viaje. All铆, Gulliver es un min煤sculo ser humano.
Durante su tercer viaje cuando conoce losa los dominios de Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdi y Luggnagg el lector descubre que los tama帽os son iguales pero que esa raza de laputienses son pr谩cticamente como las de verdaderos extraterrestres, "con un ojo vuelo y otro apuntando al c茅nit", como indica Gulliver.
Viven en un ambiente que se caracteriza por la geometr铆a, las matem谩ticas y la m煤sica. Fue para m铆 el viaje m谩s desconcertante, pero a su vez, debo reconocer el talento y la incre铆ble imaginaci贸n de Jonathan Swift para crear semejantes personajes. Tengamos en cuenta que este libro fue publicado en 1726, 隆139 a帽os antes de "Alicia en el pa铆s de las maravillas!, libro en el que Carroll despliega tambi茅n una maravillosa imaginer铆a de personajes incre铆bles.
Durante el cuarto viaje, en las tierra de los houyhnhnms, que son una raza de caballos con inteligencia que dominan a otros seres inferiores, en estado bruto llamados yahoos, que son muy inferiores pero a la vez muy parecidos a los humanos, algo me remite a la pel铆cula "El planeta de los simios" en donde los seres humanos son esclavizados por una raza de monos dotados de una inteligencia avanzada.
En definidas cuentas, "Los viajes de Gulliver" es un libro entretenido, un tanto tedioso en algunas partes, sobre todo en aquellas donde vuelve a explicar c贸mo es Inglaterra a cada raza que visita; que tiene un costado verdaderamente de publicidad pol铆tica y ensalzamiento de Inglaterra en detrimento de otras naciones y tambi茅n expone, aunque sin denunciar, el tema de la esclavitud.
Es dif铆cil que se sientan ofendidos por este tema, dado que es mundialmente conocido el pasado pirata y de trata de esclavos de los ingleses, aunque en el caso de su libro, Swift se saca el peso de encima ech谩ndole la culpa a los portugueses, los holandeses y los espa帽oles.
Nuevamente destaco el poder de la imaginaci贸n de Jonathan Swift, un adelantado a su 茅poca, puesto que escribi贸 un su libro que a煤n hoy tiene la vigencia intacta de los m谩s afamados cl谩sicos que nunca pasan de moda.
March 3, 2017
This was my favorite required reading in high school (well, actually, probably tied with Animal Farm). It was a very pleasant and unexpected surprise. The reference points I had were cartoon retellings of this from my youth. I only really had an image of Gulliver vs the Lilliputians - and that was only the most basic "giant in a land full of very small people" storylines (well, they were trying to entertain children, so it doesn't have to get much more complex than that). But, the book is made up of more stories than just Gulliver as a giant (hence the Travels - plural). The content of these stories is witty and not-so-thinly veiled political and social commentary. In the end, it didn't feel like required reading at all - it was a truly enjoyable adventure I was glad to take!
March 31, 2014
Jonathan Swift (1667 鈥� 1745) writes towards the end of his book:
...an author perfectly blameless, against whom the tribe of answerers, considerers, observers, reflecters, detecters, remarkers, will never be able to find matter for exercising their talents.
Had Swift known GR he would probably have included 鈥渞eviewers鈥� in the above sentence. This thought warns me against continuing any further with my review.
But the Travels of
The introduction in my edition by Michael Foot was almost as funny. For Foot surveys the history of the reaction to Swift鈥檚 book, from its immediate huge success and popularity during the Enlightenment to the deprecating opinion shared by many, but not all (John Keats was one of the exceptions), in puritanical Victorian times. They were affronted by the shameful indecency their own minds projected onto Swift鈥檚 lines.
Some of the quotes from Victorian responses made me laugh as heartily as Swift鈥檚 words.
.. a monster, gibbering shrieks and gnashing imprecations against mankind 鈥� tearing down all shreds of modesty, past all sense of manliness and shame; filthy in word, filthy in thought, furious, raging, obscene.
His rehabilitation started during WW1, beginning with a lecture in Cambridge in 1917. Gulliver鈥檚 attacks on war and the idiocies of nationalism would have met welcoming ears in that university hall. Some rejection still lingered for a while and surprisingly both George Orwell and Aldous Huxley were highly critical of Swift.
Nowadays, many aspects of this book appeal strongly to our more cynical and detached age. What we have now is filtered by the Disney Cartoons and The Economist has chosen Gulliver as the title to its Travel Section. And of course, the company Yahoo also got its name from the most detestable of Swift鈥檚 characters.
As everyone knows this is a book about travelling. The popularity of two of its four parts and their easy refashioning into tales for children disguise the fact that the book was written as a parody of the then prevailing travel writing. If for us Travel now means consumption, then it still meant discovery. But in all discoveries there is some degree of presumptuousness. And this is what bothered Swift.
But this book is a journey in itself: Travel into Acerbity. Each part becomes more acidic and sour than the previous one. And if the Victorians found it indecent we have to admit that there is a fair amount of stripping in this book, but not of clothes. Swift is stripping human nature. For apart from the hilarious and highly creative stories, the sum of reflections on the relativity of some of our beliefs, which we hold as absolute, constitutes a fully developed treatise on us.
The Fantastic and Utopian character is disguised by Swift's framing with exact dates each of the four trips. Gulliver sets off on the 4th of May 1699 and returns from his final trip on the 5th of December 1715. May be it was this kind of specificity that made one of Swift鈥檚 contemporaries go and have a look at his Atlas to check where Lilliput was. And another adamantly denied that the whole thing could be true!!
Apart from children, some mathematicians have also been delighted by Gulliver鈥檚 adventures (demonstrable proof). The third trip, to the Land of Laputa (some knowledge of Spanish helps in understanding this title) is an amusing diatribe against mathematicians and academics. A good reader of Swift must be willing to embrace self-parody.
The fourth and final trip is the most controversial one, since it is a direct blow at the arrogance of human nature. And yet, this part is an excellent exposition of Swift鈥檚 thinking and his deep aversion of brutality and despotism.
Apart from Swift鈥檚 exuberant imagination, I have greatly enjoyed his language. In spite of the irony and satire, his writing reads as coming directly from the pen of Mister Common Sense. Swift wrote in a limpid form, keeping a perfect pace that accompanied an impeccable stream of clear thinking. Swift was known for his conviction on the appropriate use of language:
That the use of speech was to make us understand one another, and to receive information of facts; now if any one said the thing which was not, these ends were defeated.
And to make sure of this, he would read aloud to his servants to confirm that his text would be understood.
He kept his humour until the end, and this is what he wrote for his own epitaph.
He gave the little wealth he had,
To build a House for Fools and Mad.
And shew鈥檇 by one Satyric Touch,
No Nation needed it so much.
I close this book feeling a great respect for the smart, polite Houyhnhnms who enjoy a level of wisdom and common sense that should be the envy of all of us.
April 7, 2024
My understanding of Gulliver's Travels was that it is a children/young adult adventure story. I really don't know how I formed this opinion, but it was how I viewed this book until now. I was very much surprised to find that this is no children/YA story, nor an ordinary adventure story. It is a prosaic satire directed at human nature and human conduct. There is adventure of course, but only to provide the background to work on satire.
The story consists of four different voyages of Gulliver and the many adventures that he encounters in the process. Swift uses Gulliver's experiences during these adventure and his trials to satirize the human nature and human conduct generally. There is no branch that escapes Swift's satire. The human greed for power and avarice are two areas that meet heavily with his satire. Under the first category, European governments (including his own), their politics, their diplomacy and international relations comes under heavy blows. Under the second category, many individuals ranging from politicians, lawyers, doctors to common man and woman suffer from his lashes.
The story is written in a "Voltairean" style. It was partly interesting, partly boring, partly annoying and partly offensive. I cannot really say that I "liked" the story, but this odd combination kept me going through it. And when I finished reading my heart was set for a 3 star rating which means that I must have enjoyed it enough to view it in a favourable light. According to Wikipedia, Swift has claimed to have written the book "to vex the world rather than divert it'. I certainly think he achieved his objective. :) And for my part, I think I've done fairly well and paid him his due. :)
The story consists of four different voyages of Gulliver and the many adventures that he encounters in the process. Swift uses Gulliver's experiences during these adventure and his trials to satirize the human nature and human conduct generally. There is no branch that escapes Swift's satire. The human greed for power and avarice are two areas that meet heavily with his satire. Under the first category, European governments (including his own), their politics, their diplomacy and international relations comes under heavy blows. Under the second category, many individuals ranging from politicians, lawyers, doctors to common man and woman suffer from his lashes.
The story is written in a "Voltairean" style. It was partly interesting, partly boring, partly annoying and partly offensive. I cannot really say that I "liked" the story, but this odd combination kept me going through it. And when I finished reading my heart was set for a 3 star rating which means that I must have enjoyed it enough to view it in a favourable light. According to Wikipedia, Swift has claimed to have written the book "to vex the world rather than divert it'. I certainly think he achieved his objective. :) And for my part, I think I've done fairly well and paid him his due. :)
January 29, 2020
I picked this up to do a re-read. Out side of the Lilliput part of the story, I remember little about this. I read it over 20 years ago.
The book is several different stories told by Gulliver on his wild travels. They are:
1. Lilliput - the most famous one people know this story for
2. Brobdingnag - the opposite of lilliput. He goes to a land of giants
3. Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib and Japan
4. Houyhnhnms
If this book had just been about Lilliput and Brobdingnag - it would have been a 4 star read for me, but taking the whole into account and it's barely 3 stars.
There are weird things that happen all through this story. In Lilliput, the royal quarters are set on fire and Gulliver rushes to helps. He urinates on the building to put out the fire. The queen is so upset about this that they want to blind Gulliver.
The first two parts are interesting. Starting in Part 3, things get very slow and somewhat miserable. Jonathan is a wonderful writer and that is something, but it was miserable trying to get through the end. I can't believe I got through this as a kid.
By the time we were in the land of the Houyhnhnms and he was describing the hair around their beasts anus and their utters, I was just done. It was horrible. The end became a torture. I was so glad to be done with this book. I'm surprised I don't give it a lower star.
I know this is supposed to be satire, but I don't know what was happening back in the 1700s enough to get the references. I can't really enjoy the satire.
One thing, I will never read this book again. If anyone asks. If you know European history and love Satire, then you might enjoy this book. All others should read the first two parts and put the book down.
The last two parts would be a good torture devise for someone you don't like. Just make them listen to it.
The book is several different stories told by Gulliver on his wild travels. They are:
1. Lilliput - the most famous one people know this story for
2. Brobdingnag - the opposite of lilliput. He goes to a land of giants
3. Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib and Japan
4. Houyhnhnms
If this book had just been about Lilliput and Brobdingnag - it would have been a 4 star read for me, but taking the whole into account and it's barely 3 stars.
There are weird things that happen all through this story. In Lilliput, the royal quarters are set on fire and Gulliver rushes to helps. He urinates on the building to put out the fire. The queen is so upset about this that they want to blind Gulliver.
The first two parts are interesting. Starting in Part 3, things get very slow and somewhat miserable. Jonathan is a wonderful writer and that is something, but it was miserable trying to get through the end. I can't believe I got through this as a kid.
By the time we were in the land of the Houyhnhnms and he was describing the hair around their beasts anus and their utters, I was just done. It was horrible. The end became a torture. I was so glad to be done with this book. I'm surprised I don't give it a lower star.
I know this is supposed to be satire, but I don't know what was happening back in the 1700s enough to get the references. I can't really enjoy the satire.
One thing, I will never read this book again. If anyone asks. If you know European history and love Satire, then you might enjoy this book. All others should read the first two parts and put the book down.
The last two parts would be a good torture devise for someone you don't like. Just make them listen to it.
March 23, 2014
Another excellent invention of the Laputan Academy is a kind of fellowship or club, which they call in their language Sdaerdoog, or superior literature; and indeed the name does not belie the thing, for it is quite the most superior manner of enjoying literature yet devized. Noting that every man will be well acquainted with the great books of the world, yet few have the inclination to read them, the Laputan savants have ordained a scheme, no less ingenious than equitable, whereby this onerous duty is divided among the members of the club. On completing the perusal of a book, the reader composes a short pamphlet, that they term a "weiver", containing all the knowledge a gentleman of good sense and education may learn from the writing in question. This he then distributes to his fellows, who can can now read a score of weivers in the time they would perforce have laid down on the reading of a single tome. There are members of the Academy who do naught but read weivers the length of the day; it is impossible to exaggerate the prodigious extent of their learning, which would be the envy of any Oxford or Cambridge professor.
May 12, 2024
So nice to finally enjoy Gulliver's Travels in its entirety - thanks to my library book club. We had a lively discussion and I was amazed how much I learned when we dissected and dug below the surface. Didn't know what I was missing and having the members of the book club (ages ranged from early 20s - 90+) to discuss and share ideas with taught me more than reading by myself ever could.
February 1, 2022
#产颈产濒颈辞迟别肠补补蹿别肠迟颈惫膬
Cine mai cite葯te ast膬zi cartea lui Jonathan Swift? Cine 葯tie c膬 yahoo.mail - pe care-l folosim to葲i - trimite chiar la acest minunat roman? Voi comenta doar un episod foarte amuzant.
脦苍 C膬l膬toriile lui Gulliver (III: 5), naratorul viziteaz膬 marea academie din Lagado, vede la lucru, 卯ntr-o aul膬, ma艧in膬ria lui Raymundus Lullus. Dar marea academie are o sec牛iune de savan牛i filologi, care se dedic膬 edific膬rii unui limbaj universal, accesibil oric膬rei fiin葲e din univers.
Cum arat膬 noul limbaj? Iat膬 un prim proiect. Cuvintele polisilabice s卯nt reduse la unit膬牛i lexicale, formate dintr-o singur膬 silab膬. S卯nt eliminate verbele, adjectivele, participiile. R膬m卯n doar substantivele, numele monosilabice. Oamenii vor discuta 卯ntre ei doar prin silabe: pa, vu, ga, di, ke, zo. Din fericire, savan葲ii lui Swift nu se mul葲umesc doar cu at卯t. Limba perfect膬 se va dispensa 葯i de silabe. Au sesizat un proiect nou.
Acum, cuvintele sunt desfiin牛ate complet. Dac膬 substantivele desemneaz膬 卯ntotdeauna lucruri 艧i numai lucruri, e mai potrivit s膬 aduci lucrurile 卯nsele, c卯nd vrei s膬 exprimi ceva. Limba este cu adev膬rat universal膬, poate fi priceput膬 de oricine, discut膬m ar膬t卯nd lucruri 葯i numai lucruri. Omul nu mai scoate sunete, nu-葯i mi葯c膬 buzele, arat膬 cu degetul. Avantajul acestui limbaj este, 卯n opinia academicienilor lui Jonathan Swift, protejarea g卯tlejului 艧i pl膬m卯nilor. Rostirea 卯nver葯unat膬 de propozi葲ii duce la coroziunea g卯tlejului 葯i la mic艧orarea volumul pl膬m卯nilor. E mai bine s膬 牛ii gura 卯nchis膬: te fere葯ti 卯n acest chip 葯i de viru葯i, r膬m卯i perfect s膬n膬tos p卯n膬 la moarte.
Dar e cu putin葲膬 oare s膬 cuv卯nt膬m cu lucruri 艧i numai cu lucruri? N-am mai rosti propozi牛ia 鈥濵膬rul e ro艧u鈥�. Am prezenta pur 艧i simplu un m膬r ro艧u. Dac膬 am avea nevoie de lumin膬, am ar膬ta iasca, amnarul, lampa cu fitil muiat 卯n petrol. Dac膬 am dori s膬 elogiem dulcele, am oferi celuilalt o stafid膬, o f膬r卯m膬 de zah膬r candel brun, un s膬rut. Nimic mai simplu, nu?
Cine mai cite葯te ast膬zi cartea lui Jonathan Swift? Cine 葯tie c膬 yahoo.mail - pe care-l folosim to葲i - trimite chiar la acest minunat roman? Voi comenta doar un episod foarte amuzant.
脦苍 C膬l膬toriile lui Gulliver (III: 5), naratorul viziteaz膬 marea academie din Lagado, vede la lucru, 卯ntr-o aul膬, ma艧in膬ria lui Raymundus Lullus. Dar marea academie are o sec牛iune de savan牛i filologi, care se dedic膬 edific膬rii unui limbaj universal, accesibil oric膬rei fiin葲e din univers.
Cum arat膬 noul limbaj? Iat膬 un prim proiect. Cuvintele polisilabice s卯nt reduse la unit膬牛i lexicale, formate dintr-o singur膬 silab膬. S卯nt eliminate verbele, adjectivele, participiile. R膬m卯n doar substantivele, numele monosilabice. Oamenii vor discuta 卯ntre ei doar prin silabe: pa, vu, ga, di, ke, zo. Din fericire, savan葲ii lui Swift nu se mul葲umesc doar cu at卯t. Limba perfect膬 se va dispensa 葯i de silabe. Au sesizat un proiect nou.
Acum, cuvintele sunt desfiin牛ate complet. Dac膬 substantivele desemneaz膬 卯ntotdeauna lucruri 艧i numai lucruri, e mai potrivit s膬 aduci lucrurile 卯nsele, c卯nd vrei s膬 exprimi ceva. Limba este cu adev膬rat universal膬, poate fi priceput膬 de oricine, discut膬m ar膬t卯nd lucruri 葯i numai lucruri. Omul nu mai scoate sunete, nu-葯i mi葯c膬 buzele, arat膬 cu degetul. Avantajul acestui limbaj este, 卯n opinia academicienilor lui Jonathan Swift, protejarea g卯tlejului 艧i pl膬m卯nilor. Rostirea 卯nver葯unat膬 de propozi葲ii duce la coroziunea g卯tlejului 葯i la mic艧orarea volumul pl膬m卯nilor. E mai bine s膬 牛ii gura 卯nchis膬: te fere葯ti 卯n acest chip 葯i de viru葯i, r膬m卯i perfect s膬n膬tos p卯n膬 la moarte.
Dar e cu putin葲膬 oare s膬 cuv卯nt膬m cu lucruri 艧i numai cu lucruri? N-am mai rosti propozi牛ia 鈥濵膬rul e ro艧u鈥�. Am prezenta pur 艧i simplu un m膬r ro艧u. Dac膬 am avea nevoie de lumin膬, am ar膬ta iasca, amnarul, lampa cu fitil muiat 卯n petrol. Dac膬 am dori s膬 elogiem dulcele, am oferi celuilalt o stafid膬, o f膬r卯m膬 de zah膬r candel brun, un s膬rut. Nimic mai simplu, nu?
February 7, 2017
So much more than just a fantastical tale of a man journeying to mystical lands. This is thinly veiled satire...super thin.
A seafaring Englishman ends up in four fairytale worlds where people are small, gigantic, smarties in the maths, and where people are horses. By the second journey you'd think he'd be done with all this, but in the end he's done with humans and has trouble living amongst his own kind.
Written in the old style where listing off occurrences constituted an adventure and a perfectly well constructed story, Gulliver's Travels can be at times a tedious read. It's filled with a laundry list of actions ("I did this and then I did this"), and when you think some tension or conflict is a brewin' you get simple expedients flatly stated ("I was faced with an obstacle and so I overcame it by doing this.") After a time it all becomes trying and uninspiring, making the turning of pages ever more difficult.
However, if you've come to this book looking for condemnation of the human race's worst foibles, you've come to the right place. Swift dispatches venom towards the leeches of humanity. Lawyers, for instance, get blasted left, right and center. I'm one of those people that feels we're not much better, and sometimes not any better, than base animals, so I was okay with the author's bashing of my fellow man. Those who don't understand anything beyond "Humans! We're #1!" aren't going to like this.
Regardless of its faults, I'm glad I finally got around to reading the original, full-length version. In school I read an abridged and sanitized version, which left out all the mentions of genitalia and bodily functions. This is much better with all the pee and tits included!
PS: Check out my video review of Gulliver's Travels here:
A seafaring Englishman ends up in four fairytale worlds where people are small, gigantic, smarties in the maths, and where people are horses. By the second journey you'd think he'd be done with all this, but in the end he's done with humans and has trouble living amongst his own kind.
Written in the old style where listing off occurrences constituted an adventure and a perfectly well constructed story, Gulliver's Travels can be at times a tedious read. It's filled with a laundry list of actions ("I did this and then I did this"), and when you think some tension or conflict is a brewin' you get simple expedients flatly stated ("I was faced with an obstacle and so I overcame it by doing this.") After a time it all becomes trying and uninspiring, making the turning of pages ever more difficult.
However, if you've come to this book looking for condemnation of the human race's worst foibles, you've come to the right place. Swift dispatches venom towards the leeches of humanity. Lawyers, for instance, get blasted left, right and center. I'm one of those people that feels we're not much better, and sometimes not any better, than base animals, so I was okay with the author's bashing of my fellow man. Those who don't understand anything beyond "Humans! We're #1!" aren't going to like this.
Regardless of its faults, I'm glad I finally got around to reading the original, full-length version. In school I read an abridged and sanitized version, which left out all the mentions of genitalia and bodily functions. This is much better with all the pee and tits included!
PS: Check out my video review of Gulliver's Travels here:
December 13, 2022
This was my favourite classic growing up, and don't ask me why! Re-reading it as an adult didn't really feel like a book a child would like but oh well, I guess I liked all that poop and pee talk!
I am not a fan of satire and political science, I also think that it's almost impossible to fully understand a book like this which is so deeply rooted in the society it was written into, but overall I think it's still very enjoyable for a modern reader, and an important - albeit weird - classic of literature. The absurdity of the society Swift describes, the imagination he's capable of and the crazy ideas he put into this work still amaze me after re-reading this for at least the third time! This is probably one of those weird books that everybody loves but you just can't quite pinpoint the exact reason why. Maybe because we're all a little gullible deep down... 馃槒
April 23, 2022
I viaggi di Gulliver, libro pi霉 famoso di Jonathan Swift racconta, come si evince dal libro, quattro viaggi in quattro paesi diversi del medico chirurgo Lemuel Gulliver.
Questo romanzo 猫 scritto sotto forma di diario in cui il narratore racconta ci貌 che gli accade durante i suoi mirabolanti viaggi ricchi di avventure e sventure.
L'autore in questo caso si spaccia per editore a cui viene affidato il compito di pubblicare codesto libro scritto per mano di Gulliver di cui afferma essere parente.
Ogni viaggio 猫 condotto a esprimere disprezzo verso la societ脿 inglese e man mano che il libro prosegue questo sentimento diventa sempre pi霉 evidente.
I primi due viaggi si basano su diverse prospettive e sui contrari, infatti, Gulliver a Lilliput si trova a essere un gigante tra i piccolissimi e meschini lillipuziani; mentre a Brobdingnag si trova a "vestire" i panni dei lillipuziani tra i giganteschi abitanti di Brobdingnag. Il dualismo che l'autore crea in questi primi due viaggi 猫 affascinante.
Il terzo viaggio 猫 quello che mi 猫 piaciuto di meno in quanto l'ho trovato assai confusionario anche se presenta una critica tagliente nei confronti della Royal Society.
L'ultimo viaggio 猫 veramente spettacolare, un mondo utopico governato dai cavalli e in cui l'uomo (anche se io ritengo essere una scimmia antropomorfa in quanto ha diverse fattezze dall'uomo moderno) 猫 solo una bestia selvaggia che obbedisce solo ai vizi di Natura.
Swift mette in atto con questo romanzo una satira senza precedenti nei confronti di ogni cosa, comincia con la religione parlando dello scisma della Chiesa Anglicana messo in atto da Enrico VIII e continua nei confronti della politica, della societ脿, della scienza e nei confronti dell'umanit脿 in s茅 arrivando a disprezzare tutti gli Yahoo (o almeno questo 猫 ci貌 che l'autore fa provare a Gulliver).
Altro fatto interessante di questo romanzo 猫 presentato dal fatto che esso 猫 scritto in chiave parodica per prendersi gioco dei romanzi marinareschi di cui Defoe 猫 "fondatore".
Non voglio aggiungere altro perch茅 nonostante alcune parti non siano state di mio gusto bisogna ammettere che questo libro 猫 veramente geniale sotto molti aspetti.
Questo romanzo 猫 scritto sotto forma di diario in cui il narratore racconta ci貌 che gli accade durante i suoi mirabolanti viaggi ricchi di avventure e sventure.
L'autore in questo caso si spaccia per editore a cui viene affidato il compito di pubblicare codesto libro scritto per mano di Gulliver di cui afferma essere parente.
Ogni viaggio 猫 condotto a esprimere disprezzo verso la societ脿 inglese e man mano che il libro prosegue questo sentimento diventa sempre pi霉 evidente.
I primi due viaggi si basano su diverse prospettive e sui contrari, infatti, Gulliver a Lilliput si trova a essere un gigante tra i piccolissimi e meschini lillipuziani; mentre a Brobdingnag si trova a "vestire" i panni dei lillipuziani tra i giganteschi abitanti di Brobdingnag. Il dualismo che l'autore crea in questi primi due viaggi 猫 affascinante.
Il terzo viaggio 猫 quello che mi 猫 piaciuto di meno in quanto l'ho trovato assai confusionario anche se presenta una critica tagliente nei confronti della Royal Society.
L'ultimo viaggio 猫 veramente spettacolare, un mondo utopico governato dai cavalli e in cui l'uomo (anche se io ritengo essere una scimmia antropomorfa in quanto ha diverse fattezze dall'uomo moderno) 猫 solo una bestia selvaggia che obbedisce solo ai vizi di Natura.
Swift mette in atto con questo romanzo una satira senza precedenti nei confronti di ogni cosa, comincia con la religione parlando dello scisma della Chiesa Anglicana messo in atto da Enrico VIII e continua nei confronti della politica, della societ脿, della scienza e nei confronti dell'umanit脿 in s茅 arrivando a disprezzare tutti gli Yahoo (o almeno questo 猫 ci貌 che l'autore fa provare a Gulliver).
Altro fatto interessante di questo romanzo 猫 presentato dal fatto che esso 猫 scritto in chiave parodica per prendersi gioco dei romanzi marinareschi di cui Defoe 猫 "fondatore".
Non voglio aggiungere altro perch茅 nonostante alcune parti non siano state di mio gusto bisogna ammettere che questo libro 猫 veramente geniale sotto molti aspetti.
January 18, 2008
Glad to get the references now: although I could have just read Wikipedia: the Lilliputians are small, the Brobdignagians big, the flying city is whatever, the Houhynhyns are really great (although he's pretty unpersuasive on this -- why are they so great? because they don't have a word for lying? Gulliver grows to love horses so much that he can't speak to his own family when he gets home -- I didn't buy it; I just think he's a misanthrope), and I suppose the most significant use of reading the book is to understand the etymology of the word "Yahoo." I will now call people "Yahoos" with much more relish than I did before.
But the book: not much there. It's a methodical, list-like satire on travel books which are themselves dull. No plot, and no character development to speak of except the persuasion of Gulliver that horses are better than people because people are so awful. He dwells at length on how awful people are, but in the end this just made me think Gulliver was a nasty sort of person who relishes big PJ-O'Rourke-ish generalizations. If I want to hate people, I'll get on a subway. I want books to help me do more than that.
But the book: not much there. It's a methodical, list-like satire on travel books which are themselves dull. No plot, and no character development to speak of except the persuasion of Gulliver that horses are better than people because people are so awful. He dwells at length on how awful people are, but in the end this just made me think Gulliver was a nasty sort of person who relishes big PJ-O'Rourke-ish generalizations. If I want to hate people, I'll get on a subway. I want books to help me do more than that.
February 7, 2017
This was a re-read of an old favourite. I fell in love with this book in my teens and have returned to it a few times since (my teens were a long time ago).
Jonathan Swift was a satirist of the first order. While you can read this as a silly fantasy story (it works on two levels and the first time I read it as a pre-teen I enjoyed it purely as a silly fantasy tale) virtually everything in this book has a double-meaning. As with most, if not all, of the best satirists, Swift's commentaries are both hilarious and boiling-water-to-the-face scathing.
The book is intelligent, hilarious and (barely) conceals a seething rage in the author's heart that is aimed like a burning arrow at the society that surrounded him.
Jonathan Swift was a satirist of the first order. While you can read this as a silly fantasy story (it works on two levels and the first time I read it as a pre-teen I enjoyed it purely as a silly fantasy tale) virtually everything in this book has a double-meaning. As with most, if not all, of the best satirists, Swift's commentaries are both hilarious and boiling-water-to-the-face scathing.
The book is intelligent, hilarious and (barely) conceals a seething rage in the author's heart that is aimed like a burning arrow at the society that surrounded him.
January 29, 2016
It鈥檚 one of the stranger occurrences that Gulliver鈥檚 Travels is recognized more often than not as a fantastical adventure for the delight of children, when in actuality it is one of the bleakest condemnations of human beings to ever corrode a page. The Reverend Swift is a master of misanthropic satire, and even with the arsenal of footnotes (as this wonderful edition from Oxford Classics exhaustively supplies) essential for a well-rounded reading of GT, the Gentle Reader is still left staggering to keep up with the immense range of the Author鈥檚 targets. Nothing is sacred in Swift鈥檚 world, besides that dim flicker of reason that most people dedicate their entire lives to trying to snuff out. Up against a foe like that, Swift teases with barely veiled blasphemy and sedation, all in the hopes of making the reader uncomfortable enough to possibly fart out an actual thought of their own.
The plot of the book is familiar enough to most: a seemingly innocuous account of the travels and travails of a polite and resourceful British naval surgeon as he visits exotic locales not to be found on any early 18th century map. But what most people miss (including all the little tykes who have watched shitty movie adaptations, such as the one featuring the talents of Jack Black) is that as Gulliver makes his way through adventures with tiny people, giants and cities in the sky, he finds himself losing heart in his sincere attempts to explain and defend his country鈥檚 societal and moral mores, and by novel鈥檚 end is crushed with bitterness and disgust for the human race. The fatal thrust of Swift鈥檚 argument鈥攚hich, as he declares in a letter to his pen pal, Alexander Pope, is to show that there is nothing rational about humans as rational animals鈥攊s delivered in Gulliver鈥檚 final travel to an utopia where talking horses encapsulate all the ideals we supposedly champion, while humans are nothing but a bunch of savage Yahoos. What follows is one of the most disparaging denouements on the human condition that this particular reader has ever encountered.
A hilarious but sobering remedy for any wayward soul who still has faith in humanity.
The plot of the book is familiar enough to most: a seemingly innocuous account of the travels and travails of a polite and resourceful British naval surgeon as he visits exotic locales not to be found on any early 18th century map. But what most people miss (including all the little tykes who have watched shitty movie adaptations, such as the one featuring the talents of Jack Black) is that as Gulliver makes his way through adventures with tiny people, giants and cities in the sky, he finds himself losing heart in his sincere attempts to explain and defend his country鈥檚 societal and moral mores, and by novel鈥檚 end is crushed with bitterness and disgust for the human race. The fatal thrust of Swift鈥檚 argument鈥攚hich, as he declares in a letter to his pen pal, Alexander Pope, is to show that there is nothing rational about humans as rational animals鈥攊s delivered in Gulliver鈥檚 final travel to an utopia where talking horses encapsulate all the ideals we supposedly champion, while humans are nothing but a bunch of savage Yahoos. What follows is one of the most disparaging denouements on the human condition that this particular reader has ever encountered.
A hilarious but sobering remedy for any wayward soul who still has faith in humanity.
February 2, 2020
There is more to Gulliver's Travels than you might expect based on the numerous adaptations we have all seen in popular culture. Throughout the book there is a progression from the familiar, jaunty adventure to more serious satire and criticism.
The first two parts of the book (Lilliput and Brobdingnag) are most recognisable, most straightforward in their premises, and are perhaps the most entertaining of the four parts in terms of their storytelling. By the third part, something has developed akin to modern science-fiction. The premises become more detailed and complex, allowing Swift to isolate, highlight and contrast various aspects of culture, politics, science and technology, history and anthropology. The relevance of many of these analyses is diminished by the passage of time, but they are nonetheless thoughtful and trenchant. The fourth section is most surprising in its tone and in the degree of its pessimism. It presents a bleak portrayal of humanity as irredeemable by its very nature, and therefore purposeless in its striving.
All of this makes Gulliver's Travels quite a strange yet compelling mix of styles and themes. It is perhaps itself like an adventure into unknown territory: it begins in search of one thing and ends up discovering something else entirely.
The first two parts of the book (Lilliput and Brobdingnag) are most recognisable, most straightforward in their premises, and are perhaps the most entertaining of the four parts in terms of their storytelling. By the third part, something has developed akin to modern science-fiction. The premises become more detailed and complex, allowing Swift to isolate, highlight and contrast various aspects of culture, politics, science and technology, history and anthropology. The relevance of many of these analyses is diminished by the passage of time, but they are nonetheless thoughtful and trenchant. The fourth section is most surprising in its tone and in the degree of its pessimism. It presents a bleak portrayal of humanity as irredeemable by its very nature, and therefore purposeless in its striving.
All of this makes Gulliver's Travels quite a strange yet compelling mix of styles and themes. It is perhaps itself like an adventure into unknown territory: it begins in search of one thing and ends up discovering something else entirely.
December 5, 2020
"This is a giant rip off of Honey I Shrunk the Kids and Honey I Blew up the Kid." This is a line from Paul Bryant's review,which made me smile.
Gulliver's Travels works equally well as a biting satire on the human condition,as a children's story,a morality play,and for that matter as the source for some fun movie adaptations.
First read in my childhood as an Urdu translation,later as a textbook and finally went through the whole thing by choice.
The first two voyages to Liliput and Brobdingnag are a lot of fun. After that,the two remaining voyages to Laputa and the land of the yahoos,though laced with deep meaning are not as memorable.
An interesting series of adventures,or rather misadventures.It entertains as well as vexes the reader.
Gulliver's Travels works equally well as a biting satire on the human condition,as a children's story,a morality play,and for that matter as the source for some fun movie adaptations.
First read in my childhood as an Urdu translation,later as a textbook and finally went through the whole thing by choice.
The first two voyages to Liliput and Brobdingnag are a lot of fun. After that,the two remaining voyages to Laputa and the land of the yahoos,though laced with deep meaning are not as memorable.
An interesting series of adventures,or rather misadventures.It entertains as well as vexes the reader.
May 5, 2017
丕爻賮丕乇 丕乇亘毓賴
爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 賶 诏丕賱賷賵乇 丕夭 趩賴丕乇 爻賮乇 鬲卮賰賷賱 卮丿賴貨 賴乇 亘丕乇 诏丕賱賷賵乇貙 賲孬賱 爻賳丿亘丕丿 亘丨乇賶貙 亘賴 爻賮乇賶 丿乇賷丕賷賶 賲賷乇賴貙 賵賱賶 胤賵賮丕賳 賷丕 賵賯丕賷毓 丿賷诏賴 亘丕毓孬 賲賷卮賴 爻乇 丕夭 噩夭賷乇賴 丕賶 賳丕卮賳丕禺鬲賴 丿乇亘賷丕乇賴.
爻賮乇 丕賵賱: 賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲
诏丕賱賷賵乇賶 賰賴 丿乇 爻丕丨賱 禺賵丕亘賷丿賴貙 賵 賵賯鬲賶 亘賷丿丕乇 賲賷卮賴 賲賶 亘賷賳賴 丿爻鬲 賵 倬丕卮 乇賵 亘丕 乇賷爻賲丕賳 亘賴 夭賲賷賳 亘爻鬲賳 賵 賴夭丕乇丕賳 丕賳爻丕賳 賰賵趩賵賱賵 丿賵乇卮 噩賲毓 卮丿賳. 賲毓乇賵賮 鬲乇賷賳 氐丨賳賴 賶 賰鬲丕亘.
賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲賶 賴丕貙 賳賲丕賷賳丿賴 賶 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 賰賲 禺乇丿 賵 丨賯賷乇 賴爻鬲賳貙 噩賳诏 賴丕卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 丕賮賰丕乇卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 夭賳丿诏賶 卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 賵 鬲賯丕亘賱 丕賷賳 卮乇丕賷胤 亘丕 毓馗賲鬲 诏丕賱賷賵乇貙 卮乇丕賷胤 賰賲賷賰賶 丕賷噩丕丿 賲賶 賰賳賴.
爻賮乇 丿賵賲: 亘乇丕亘丿賷賳诏 賳诏
诏丕賱賷賵乇賶 賰賴 丿乇 禺丕賳賴 賶 毓乇賵爻賰 賷賰 丿禺鬲乇亘趩賴 賶 睾賵賱 倬賷賰乇 夭賳丿诏賶 賲賶 賰賳賴貙 賵 丿禺鬲乇亘趩賴 賲孬賱 毓乇賵爻賰 鬲乇 賵 禺卮賰卮 賲賶 賰賳賴. 丕賷賳 賴賲 氐丨賳賴 賶 丌卮賳丕賶 丿賷诏賴 賶 賰鬲丕亘.
睾賵賱 賴丕賶 亘乇丕亘丿賷賳诏 賳诏貙 亘乇 毓賰爻 賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲賶 賴丕貙 賳賲丕賷賳丿賴 賶 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 亘夭乇诏 賴爻鬲賳. 倬丕丿卮丕賴卮賵賳 爻丕毓鬲 賴丕 亘丕 诏丕賱賷賵乇 亘丨孬 賲賶 賰賳賴 賵 丕夭 乇爻賵賲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 賲賶 倬乇爻賴 賵 丕夭 丨賲丕賯鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 鬲毓噩亘 賲賶 賰賳賴.
乇賵賶 賴賲 乇賮鬲賴 丕賷賳 丿賵 爻賮乇 倬乇 賲丕噩乇丕鬲乇 賵 禺賳丿賴 丌賵乇鬲乇 賴爻鬲賳. 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賷乇爻賴 丨賵氐賱賴 賶 賳賵賷爻賳丿賴 亘毓丿 丕夭 丕賷賳 丿賵 亘禺卮貙 賰賲 賰賲 鬲賴 賲賶 賰卮賷丿賴.
爻賮乇 爻賵賲: 賱丕倬賵鬲丕
丕诏賴 丕賳賷賲賴 賶 夭賷亘丕賶 跇丕倬賳賶 "賱丕倬賵鬲丕: 賯賱毓賴 丕賶 丿乇 丌爻賲丕賳" 丕夭 賴丕賷丕卅賵 賲賷丕夭丕賰賶 乇賵 丿賷丿賴 亘丕卮賷丿貙 丕賵賳 丕賳賷賲賴 丕夭 丕賷賳 亘禺卮 爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 丕賱賴丕賲 诏乇賮鬲賴貙 賴乇 趩賳丿 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 賲囟賲賵賳 亘賴 賴賲 丕乇鬲亘丕胤賶 賳丿丕乇賳.
爻乇夭賲賷賳賶 賵賷乇丕賳 賵 賮賯賷乇貙 賵賱賶 倬乇 丕夭 丿丕賳卮賲賳丿丕賳賶 賰賴 亘賴 噩丕賶 丨賱 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 賲乇丿賲貙 亘賴 賲爻丕卅賱 丕賳鬲夭丕毓賶 賵 亘賶 賮丕賷丿賴 賲賶 倬乇丿丕夭賳. 丿乇 丨丕賱賶 賰賴 賯賱毓賴 賶 倬乇賳丿賴 賶 倬丕丿卮丕賴貙 亘丕 爻丕賰賳丕賳 賮賷賱爻賵賮卮貙 丿乇 亘丕賱丕賶 丕亘乇賴丕 爻賷乇 賲賶 賰賳賴 賵 丕夭 夭賳丿诏賶 賵丕賯毓賶 賲乇丿賲 爻乇夭賲賷賳卮 亘賶 禺亘乇賴.
爻賮乇 趩賴丕乇賲: 爻乇夭賲賷賳 賴賵賷賳賴賲 賴丕
丕爻亘 賴丕賶 毓丕賯賱 賵 爻禺賳诏賵賷賶 賰賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 賵丨卮賶 賵 賳賮賴賲 (賰賴 "賷丕賴賵" 賳丕賲賷丿賴 賲賷卮賳) 乇賵 亘賴 丕乇丕亘賴 賵 诏丕賵丌賴賳 賲賶 亘賳丿賳. 丕賷賳 賮氐賱 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 賱丨賳賶 鬲毓賱賷賲賶 丿丕乇賴貙 賵 亘賴 丿賵乇 丕夭 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵賷賶 賴丕賶 胤賳夭丌賲賷夭 丿賵 賮氐賱 丕賵賱貙 賮賯胤 亘賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丕夭 乇匕丕卅賱 丕賳爻丕賳賶 賲賶 倬乇丿丕夭賴.
趩乇丕 賰鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲責
賷賰 丕禺鬲乇賮賷夭賷賰 丿丕賳貙 賴卮鬲 賰鬲丕亘 乇賵 倬賷卮賳賴丕丿 賰乇丿賴 亘賵丿 賰賴 賴乇 賮乇丿 鬲丨氐賷賱 賰乇丿賴 賵 乇賵卮賳 丕賳丿賷卮賶 亘丕賷丿 賲胤丕賱毓賴 賰賳賴. 亘毓囟賶 丕夭 賰鬲丕亘 賴丕賶 丕賷賳 賱賷爻鬲 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 (毓賴丿賷賳貙 卮賴乇賷丕乇 賲丕賰賷丕賵賱賶 賵 賴賳乇 乇夭賲 爻賵賳 鬲夭賵) 賵賱賶 亘毓囟賶 丿賷诏賴 乇賵 賳賴 (賲賳卮兀 丕賳賵丕毓 丿丕乇賵賷賳貙 孬乇賵鬲 賲賱賱 丌丿丕賲 丕爻賲賷鬲 賵...).
亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 鬲氐賵賷乇賶 賰賴 丕夭 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 诏丕賱賷賵乇 丿丕卮鬲賲貙 ("賲賳 丕夭 丕賵賱卮賲 賲賶 丿賵賳爻鬲賲..." 賵 賰丕倬賷鬲丕賳 賱賷趩 亘丿噩賳爻 賵 賰賱丕睾卮 賰賴 賲賶 禺賵丕賳 賳賯卮賴 賶 诏賳噩 诏丕賱賷賵乇 乇賵 鬲氐丕丨亘 賰賳賳) 賴賷趩 賵賯鬲 賮賰乇 賳賲賶 賰乇丿賲 賰鬲丕亘 禺丕氐賶 亘丕卮賴. 賵賯鬲賶 丕爻賲卮 乇賵 鬲賵賶 丕賷賳 賱賷爻鬲 丿賷丿賲貙 鬲毓噩亘 賰乇丿賲貙 賵 趩賵賳 丿乇 丿爻鬲乇爻 亘賵丿 爻乇丕睾卮 乇賮鬲賲 賵 丿賷丿賲 賰賴 禺賷賱賶 丕夭 毓賳丕氐乇 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 丿乇 賰鬲丕亘 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴 賵 亘賷卮鬲乇 賵賯丕賷毓 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 爻丕禺鬲賴 賵 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 賶 匕賴賳 丕賳賷賲丕鬲賵乇賴丕 亘賵丿賴.
丕賱亘鬲賴 賰鬲丕亘 禺賷賱賶 禺賵亘賶 亘賵丿貙 賵賱賶 丕夭 賴賲賷賳 噩丕 丕毓賱丕賲 賲賶 賰賳賲 賰賴 噩丕卮 鬲賵賶 丕賵賳 賱賷爻鬲 賳亘賵丿貙 賵 丕诏賴 賲賳 亘賵丿賲 賰鬲丕亘 賴丕賶 賲賴賲 鬲乇 丿賷诏賴 丕賶 乇賵 噩丕卮 賲賷匕丕卮鬲賲.
賱賷賳賰 賱賷爻鬲 賴卮鬲 賰鬲丕亘:
爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 賶 诏丕賱賷賵乇 丕夭 趩賴丕乇 爻賮乇 鬲卮賰賷賱 卮丿賴貨 賴乇 亘丕乇 诏丕賱賷賵乇貙 賲孬賱 爻賳丿亘丕丿 亘丨乇賶貙 亘賴 爻賮乇賶 丿乇賷丕賷賶 賲賷乇賴貙 賵賱賶 胤賵賮丕賳 賷丕 賵賯丕賷毓 丿賷诏賴 亘丕毓孬 賲賷卮賴 爻乇 丕夭 噩夭賷乇賴 丕賶 賳丕卮賳丕禺鬲賴 丿乇亘賷丕乇賴.
爻賮乇 丕賵賱: 賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲
诏丕賱賷賵乇賶 賰賴 丿乇 爻丕丨賱 禺賵丕亘賷丿賴貙 賵 賵賯鬲賶 亘賷丿丕乇 賲賷卮賴 賲賶 亘賷賳賴 丿爻鬲 賵 倬丕卮 乇賵 亘丕 乇賷爻賲丕賳 亘賴 夭賲賷賳 亘爻鬲賳 賵 賴夭丕乇丕賳 丕賳爻丕賳 賰賵趩賵賱賵 丿賵乇卮 噩賲毓 卮丿賳. 賲毓乇賵賮 鬲乇賷賳 氐丨賳賴 賶 賰鬲丕亘.
賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲賶 賴丕貙 賳賲丕賷賳丿賴 賶 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 賰賲 禺乇丿 賵 丨賯賷乇 賴爻鬲賳貙 噩賳诏 賴丕卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 丕賮賰丕乇卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 夭賳丿诏賶 卮賵賳 丨賯賷乇貙 賵 鬲賯丕亘賱 丕賷賳 卮乇丕賷胤 亘丕 毓馗賲鬲 诏丕賱賷賵乇貙 卮乇丕賷胤 賰賲賷賰賶 丕賷噩丕丿 賲賶 賰賳賴.
爻賮乇 丿賵賲: 亘乇丕亘丿賷賳诏 賳诏
诏丕賱賷賵乇賶 賰賴 丿乇 禺丕賳賴 賶 毓乇賵爻賰 賷賰 丿禺鬲乇亘趩賴 賶 睾賵賱 倬賷賰乇 夭賳丿诏賶 賲賶 賰賳賴貙 賵 丿禺鬲乇亘趩賴 賲孬賱 毓乇賵爻賰 鬲乇 賵 禺卮賰卮 賲賶 賰賳賴. 丕賷賳 賴賲 氐丨賳賴 賶 丌卮賳丕賶 丿賷诏賴 賶 賰鬲丕亘.
睾賵賱 賴丕賶 亘乇丕亘丿賷賳诏 賳诏貙 亘乇 毓賰爻 賱賶 賱賶 倬賵鬲賶 賴丕貙 賳賲丕賷賳丿賴 賶 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 亘夭乇诏 賴爻鬲賳. 倬丕丿卮丕賴卮賵賳 爻丕毓鬲 賴丕 亘丕 诏丕賱賷賵乇 亘丨孬 賲賶 賰賳賴 賵 丕夭 乇爻賵賲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 賲賶 倬乇爻賴 賵 丕夭 丨賲丕賯鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 鬲毓噩亘 賲賶 賰賳賴.
乇賵賶 賴賲 乇賮鬲賴 丕賷賳 丿賵 爻賮乇 倬乇 賲丕噩乇丕鬲乇 賵 禺賳丿賴 丌賵乇鬲乇 賴爻鬲賳. 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賷乇爻賴 丨賵氐賱賴 賶 賳賵賷爻賳丿賴 亘毓丿 丕夭 丕賷賳 丿賵 亘禺卮貙 賰賲 賰賲 鬲賴 賲賶 賰卮賷丿賴.
爻賮乇 爻賵賲: 賱丕倬賵鬲丕
丕诏賴 丕賳賷賲賴 賶 夭賷亘丕賶 跇丕倬賳賶 "賱丕倬賵鬲丕: 賯賱毓賴 丕賶 丿乇 丌爻賲丕賳" 丕夭 賴丕賷丕卅賵 賲賷丕夭丕賰賶 乇賵 丿賷丿賴 亘丕卮賷丿貙 丕賵賳 丕賳賷賲賴 丕夭 丕賷賳 亘禺卮 爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 丕賱賴丕賲 诏乇賮鬲賴貙 賴乇 趩賳丿 丕夭 賱丨丕馗 賲囟賲賵賳 亘賴 賴賲 丕乇鬲亘丕胤賶 賳丿丕乇賳.
爻乇夭賲賷賳賶 賵賷乇丕賳 賵 賮賯賷乇貙 賵賱賶 倬乇 丕夭 丿丕賳卮賲賳丿丕賳賶 賰賴 亘賴 噩丕賶 丨賱 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 賲乇丿賲貙 亘賴 賲爻丕卅賱 丕賳鬲夭丕毓賶 賵 亘賶 賮丕賷丿賴 賲賶 倬乇丿丕夭賳. 丿乇 丨丕賱賶 賰賴 賯賱毓賴 賶 倬乇賳丿賴 賶 倬丕丿卮丕賴貙 亘丕 爻丕賰賳丕賳 賮賷賱爻賵賮卮貙 丿乇 亘丕賱丕賶 丕亘乇賴丕 爻賷乇 賲賶 賰賳賴 賵 丕夭 夭賳丿诏賶 賵丕賯毓賶 賲乇丿賲 爻乇夭賲賷賳卮 亘賶 禺亘乇賴.
爻賮乇 趩賴丕乇賲: 爻乇夭賲賷賳 賴賵賷賳賴賲 賴丕
丕爻亘 賴丕賶 毓丕賯賱 賵 爻禺賳诏賵賷賶 賰賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕賶 賵丨卮賶 賵 賳賮賴賲 (賰賴 "賷丕賴賵" 賳丕賲賷丿賴 賲賷卮賳) 乇賵 亘賴 丕乇丕亘賴 賵 诏丕賵丌賴賳 賲賶 亘賳丿賳. 丕賷賳 賮氐賱 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 賱丨賳賶 鬲毓賱賷賲賶 丿丕乇賴貙 賵 亘賴 丿賵乇 丕夭 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵賷賶 賴丕賶 胤賳夭丌賲賷夭 丿賵 賮氐賱 丕賵賱貙 賮賯胤 亘賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丕夭 乇匕丕卅賱 丕賳爻丕賳賶 賲賶 倬乇丿丕夭賴.
趩乇丕 賰鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲責
賷賰 丕禺鬲乇賮賷夭賷賰 丿丕賳貙 賴卮鬲 賰鬲丕亘 乇賵 倬賷卮賳賴丕丿 賰乇丿賴 亘賵丿 賰賴 賴乇 賮乇丿 鬲丨氐賷賱 賰乇丿賴 賵 乇賵卮賳 丕賳丿賷卮賶 亘丕賷丿 賲胤丕賱毓賴 賰賳賴. 亘毓囟賶 丕夭 賰鬲丕亘 賴丕賶 丕賷賳 賱賷爻鬲 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 (毓賴丿賷賳貙 卮賴乇賷丕乇 賲丕賰賷丕賵賱賶 賵 賴賳乇 乇夭賲 爻賵賳 鬲夭賵) 賵賱賶 亘毓囟賶 丿賷诏賴 乇賵 賳賴 (賲賳卮兀 丕賳賵丕毓 丿丕乇賵賷賳貙 孬乇賵鬲 賲賱賱 丌丿丕賲 丕爻賲賷鬲 賵...).
亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 鬲氐賵賷乇賶 賰賴 丕夭 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 诏丕賱賷賵乇 丿丕卮鬲賲貙 ("賲賳 丕夭 丕賵賱卮賲 賲賶 丿賵賳爻鬲賲..." 賵 賰丕倬賷鬲丕賳 賱賷趩 亘丿噩賳爻 賵 賰賱丕睾卮 賰賴 賲賶 禺賵丕賳 賳賯卮賴 賶 诏賳噩 诏丕賱賷賵乇 乇賵 鬲氐丕丨亘 賰賳賳) 賴賷趩 賵賯鬲 賮賰乇 賳賲賶 賰乇丿賲 賰鬲丕亘 禺丕氐賶 亘丕卮賴. 賵賯鬲賶 丕爻賲卮 乇賵 鬲賵賶 丕賷賳 賱賷爻鬲 丿賷丿賲貙 鬲毓噩亘 賰乇丿賲貙 賵 趩賵賳 丿乇 丿爻鬲乇爻 亘賵丿 爻乇丕睾卮 乇賮鬲賲 賵 丿賷丿賲 賰賴 禺賷賱賶 丕夭 毓賳丕氐乇 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 丿乇 賰鬲丕亘 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴 賵 亘賷卮鬲乇 賵賯丕賷毓 丕賳賷賲賷卮賳 爻丕禺鬲賴 賵 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 賶 匕賴賳 丕賳賷賲丕鬲賵乇賴丕 亘賵丿賴.
丕賱亘鬲賴 賰鬲丕亘 禺賷賱賶 禺賵亘賶 亘賵丿貙 賵賱賶 丕夭 賴賲賷賳 噩丕 丕毓賱丕賲 賲賶 賰賳賲 賰賴 噩丕卮 鬲賵賶 丕賵賳 賱賷爻鬲 賳亘賵丿貙 賵 丕诏賴 賲賳 亘賵丿賲 賰鬲丕亘 賴丕賶 賲賴賲 鬲乇 丿賷诏賴 丕賶 乇賵 噩丕卮 賲賷匕丕卮鬲賲.
賱賷賳賰 賱賷爻鬲 賴卮鬲 賰鬲丕亘:
November 2, 2024
鬲氐賵蹖乇 丕賵賱: 蹖讴 賲乇丿 趩丕賯 亘丕 爻賵蹖卮乇鬲 賵 卮賱賵丕乇讴 讴賴 乇賵蹖 爻丕丨賱 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 賵 亘丕 氐丿賴丕 乇卮鬲賴 胤賳丕亘 亘賴 夭賲蹖賳 賲蹖禺 卮丿賴貙 賵 蹖毓丕賱賲賴 賲賵噩賵丿 讴賵鬲賵賱賴 讴賴 賲孬賱 賲賵乇趩賴 賴丕 乇賵蹖 亘丿賳卮 亘丕賱丕 賵 倬丕蹖蹖賳 賲蹖乇賳 賵 賲卮睾賵賱 讴丕乇賳.
鬲氐賵蹖乇 丿賵賲: 丿毓賵丕蹖 丨賱 賳卮丿賳蹖 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丕夭 爻乇卮 蹖丕 鬲賴卮 賵 丌乇夭賵蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳 噩丕鬲禺賲鈥屬呚必痕� 賳賯乇賴 讴賴 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丌亘倬夭 氐亘丨丕賳賴 乇賵 鬲賵卮 亘匕丕乇賲 賵 亘禺賵乇賲 - 丕夭 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丌亘倬夭 賲鬲賳賮乇賲.
噩丕賱亘賴 讴賴 賵賯鬲蹖 丨乇賮 丕夭 芦爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇禄 賲蹖卮賴貙 亘賱丕賮丕氐賱賴 丕蹖賳 丿賵 鬲氐賵蹖乇 鬲賵蹖 匕賴賳賲 卮讴賱 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳.
爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丕夭 丕賵賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴丕蹖 賳賵爻鬲丕賱跇蹖讴賴 讴賴 丨鬲蹖 丕诏賴 賳賴 讴鬲丕亘卮 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賴 亘丕卮蹖 賵 賳賴 賮蹖賱賲卮 乇賵 丿蹖丿賴 亘丕卮蹖貙 丕賳賯丿乇 丕夭卮 氐丨亘鬲 卮丿賴 讴賴 丨鬲賲丕 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳卮 乇賵 賲蹖丿賵賳蹖.
丕賲丕 丨丕賱丕 賲賳 亘毓丿 禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 賲蹖鬲賵賳賲 亘丕 賯胤毓蹖鬲 亘诏賲 讴賴 鬲賵 賴蹖趩蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賳賲蹖丿賵賳蹖 賵 鬲賲丕賲 趩蹖夭丕蹖 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿蹖 丨鬲蹖 趩賳丿 氐賮丨賴 丕夭 讴賱 賲丕噩乇丕賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲 賳蹖爻鬲.
賵賯鬲蹖 讴鬲丕亘 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 乇賵 丿乇 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫臂屫� 丕賳诏丕乇 讴賴 讴賱蹖丿 蹖讴 丿賳蹖丕蹖 卮诏賮鬲鈥屫з嗂屫� 乇賵 鬲賵蹖 賲卮鬲鬲 丿丕乇蹖. 賴乇 氐賮丨賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 賵乇賯 賲蹖鈥屫操嗃屫� 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 禺丕乇賯鈥屫з勜关ж団€屫й� 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟� 讴賴 亘丕 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲乇丕賴 賲蹖鈥屫篡屫� 丕賲丕 噩丕賱亘 丕蹖賳噩丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 賮賯胤 蹖賴 禺蹖丕賱鈥屬矩必ж槽� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 蹖讴 丿毓賵鬲賴 亘賴 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 禺賵丿鬲 賵 噩丕賲毓賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 丿乇 丕賵賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃�.
丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 讴賴 卮丕賴讴丕乇 噩丕賳丕鬲丕賳 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮鬲乇蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕賵賳 賴爻鬲貙 丿乇 爻丕賱 郾鄯鄄鄱 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴. 卮丕蹖丿 丕夭 毓賳賵丕賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 蹖丕 亘乇丕爻丕爻 禺丕胤乇賴 讴賵丿讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賲丕卮丕蹖 讴丕乇鬲賵賳 丕賯鬲亘丕爻蹖卮貙 鬲氐賵乇 讴賳蹖 亘丕 蹖讴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 讴賵丿讴丕賳賴 賲賵丕噩賴蹖. 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賳蹖爻鬲貨 亘賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 蹖讴 胤賳夭 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 毓賲蹖賯 賵 亘蹖鈥屫关ж辟� 丕夭 噩丕賲毓賴貙 爻蹖丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕賳爻丕賳蹖鬲賴 讴賴 亘丕 賳诏丕賴蹖 鬲蹖夭亘蹖賳丕賳賴貙 讴丕爻鬲蹖鈥屬囏й� 賵噩賵丿 丕賳爻丕賳 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓卮 乇賵 亘乇乇爻蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 禺賱賯 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 禺蹖丕賱蹖 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 毓噩蹖亘貙 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 爻蹖丕爻蹖 夭賲丕賳 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 亘賴 爻禺乇賴 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟囏� 亘賱讴賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 賵 賲讴丕賳 丕夭 賳丕丿丕賳蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 鬲毓氐亘丕鬲 亘卮乇蹖 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴 讴賴 丨丕氐賱 賳亘賵睾 賵 禺賱丕賯蹖鬲 亘蹖 丨丿賵賲乇夭賴.
鬲賵蹖 丕賵賱蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賴賲乇丕賴 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 倬丕賲蹖匕丕乇蹖貙 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃� 蹖讴 匕乇賴 禺蹖蹖蹖賱蹖 讴賵趩蹖讴 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺蹖蹖蹖賱蹖 亘夭乇诏蹖. 趩賵賳 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 噩賴丕賳 鬲禺蹖賱蹖 讴賴 賵丕乇丿卮 卮丿蹖貙 丿賳蹖丕蹖蹖 倬乇 丕夭 鬲賳丕賯囟丕鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 亘賴 鬲氐賵蹖乇 讴卮蹖丿賴 卮丿賴 讴賴 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 毓馗賲鬲 噩賴丕賳 賵 丨賯丕乇鬲 賵噩賵丿 丕賳爻丕賳 賵丕賲蹖鈥屫ж辟�. 賵 鬲賵 賲賵賯毓 賯丿賲 夭丿賳 丿乇 禺蹖丕亘賵賳 賴丕 賵 亘丕睾賴丕蹖 賲蹖賳蹖丕鬲賵乇蹖 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 蹖丕 賲賵賯毓 亘丕夭丿蹖丿 丕夭 爻丕禺鬲賲丕賳 賴丕蹖 睾賵賱鈥屬聚屭┴� 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂嗂� 賲丿丕賲 丕夭 禺賵丿鬲 賲蹖倬乇爻蹖 丌蹖丕 賵丕賯毓丕賸 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺賵丿鬲 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 讴丕賮蹖 亘夭乇诏 賵 鬲丕孬蹖乇 诏匕丕乇 賴爻鬲蹖 蹖丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲蹖賵賳 乇賵夭賲乇诏蹖 賴丕 诏賲 賵 賮乇丕賲賵卮 卮丿蹖責
丿乇 胤賵賱 爻賮乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮貙 鬲賵 賵 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘丕 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 趩丕賱卮鈥屬囏й� 噩丿蹖丿蹖 乇賵亘賴鈥屫辟� 賲蹖鈥屫篡屫�. 賵 鬲賵蹖 賴乇 讴丿賵賲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏ж� 丿乇丨丕賱蹖讴賴 卮賲丕 賲卮睾賵賱 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 賴丕蹖 鬲丕夭賴 丕蹖丿貙 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賴賲趩賳丕賳 賳馗丕賲鈥屬囏й� 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖貙 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 毓賱賲蹖 毓氐乇 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 賴丿賮 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 亘蹖乇丨賲丕賳賴 鬲賳丿 賵 鬲蹖夭卮 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖丿賴 賵 丕夭鬲 賲蹖禺賵丕丿 亘賴 噩丕蹖蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賵賯丕蹖毓 賴蹖噩丕賳 丕賳诏蹖夭 賳诏丕賴 讴賳蹖.
丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴 賴乇 爻賮乇 賴賲乇丕賴 亘丕 诏丕賱蹖賵乇貙 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屫й� 毓丕胤賮蹖 賴賲 賴爻鬲. 鬲賵 丕夭 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖鈥屬囏й� 胤亘蹖毓蹖 卮诏賮鬲鈥屫藏� 賵 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 丕夭 亘蹖鈥屫必呟屸€屬囏й� 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 賳丕丕賲蹖丿 賲蹖鈥屫篡�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 夭蹖乇讴蹖 亘賴 鬲賵 蹖丕丿丌賵乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 亘丕 賵噩賵丿 鬲賲丕賲 毓馗賲鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕賳爻丕賳蹖貙 趩賯丿乇 賲丕 丌爻蹖亘鈥屬矩佰屫� 賵 诏丕賴蹖 趩賯丿乇 賳丕丕賲蹖丿讴賳賳丿賴鈥屫й屬�. 丕蹖賳 丨爻 丕夭 丕毓賲丕賯 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘賴 賯賱亘 鬲賵 賲蹖鈥屫必迟� 賵 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 賮讴乇 賵丕丿丕乇 賲蹖讴賳賴.
丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 趩丕賱卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 讴賴 賳诏丕賴蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫� 亘賴 禺賵丿鬲 賵 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕胤乇丕賮鬲 亘賳丿丕夭蹖. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 賮讴乇 賲蹖賳丿丕夭賴貙 亘賴 賴蹖噩丕賳 賲蹖丕乇賴貙 賴賳噩丕乇賴丕鬲 乇賵 亘賴 趩丕賱卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 賵 丕睾賱亘 丨鬲蹖 毓氐亘丕賳蹖鬲 賲蹖讴賳賴貙 賵 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 丕夭 蹖丕丿 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ臂屫� 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 禺蹖丕賱蹖 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖鈥屫必迟囏� 丕賲丕 亘丕夭鬲丕亘蹖 丕夭 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫�. 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 鬲賵 蹖丕丿丌賵乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丨賯蹖賯鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 賲毓丕賳蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫� 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫� 亘丕卮蹖 賵賱蹖 丿乇毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 賯丿乇 賱丨馗賴 賴丕乇賵 賴賲 亘丿賵賳蹖.
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禺賱丕氐賴 丕爻賮丕乇 賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 噩丿蹖:
乇賲丕賳 芦爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇禄 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 賲囟丕賲蹖賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 噩賴丕賳鈥屫促呝堎勠� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賴賳賵夭 賴賲 亘丕 诏匕卮鬲 丨丿賵丿 鄢郯郯 爻丕賱貙 亘乇丕蹖 噩賵丕賲毓 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賯丕亘賱 鬲兀賲賱 賵 賲毓賳丕丿丕乇賳丿. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 丿乇 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 亘賴 胤乇夭 馗乇蹖賮蹖 丕夭 賴噩賵 賵 鬲賲孬蹖賱 亘乇丕蹖 亘蹖丕賳 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 噩丕賲毓賴 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖貙 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 丕賳诏賱爻鬲丕賳 賵 丕蹖乇賱賳丿貙 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴乇丿賴 丕爻鬲. 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 亘賴 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 夭賲丕賳賴鈥屫ж� 賳诏丕賴蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 賵 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 爻乇禺賵乇丿诏蹖 爻鬲貙 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丿乇 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘丕 胤賳夭 賵 讴賳丕蹖賴 丕乇丕卅賴 卮丿賴 鬲丕 亘鬲賵丕賳丿 鬲丕孬蹖乇蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂� 亘乇 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳 亘诏匕丕乇丿.
丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 丿乇 趩賴丕乇 賮氐賱 賵 亘丕 丿賳亘丕賱 讴乇丿賳 趩賴丕乇 爻賮乇 禺蹖丕賱蹖 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴 丕爻鬲. 爻賮乇 賴丕蹖蹖 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й屰� 亘丕 賵蹖跇诏蹖鈥屬囏й� 賲賳丨氐乇 亘賴 賮乇丿貙 讴賴 賴乇 讴丿丕賲 賳賲丕丿蹖 丕夭 噩賳亘賴鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿.
爻賮乇 丕賵賱 噩夭蹖乇賴 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌�: 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й� 亘爻蹖丕乇 讴賵趩讴貙 丨丿賵丿 倬丕賳夭丿賴 爻丕賳鬲蹖賲鬲乇 蹖丕 卮卮 丕蹖賳趩貙 亘賴 賳丕賲 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌屫з� 賲蹖鈥屫必池�. 丕蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 亘丕賵噩賵丿 噩孬賴 讴賵趩讴貙 禺賵丿 乇丕 賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 噩賴丕賳 賲蹖丿丕賳賳丿 賵 丕夭 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘賵丿賳 賵 賳丕趩蹖夭蹖 禺賵丿 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 亘蹖 禺亘乇 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丿賵賱鬲賲乇锟斤拷丕賳 賱蹖賱蹖倬賵鬲 賯丕丿乇 亘賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲 诏蹖乇蹖 賵 倬丕蹖亘賳丿蹖 亘賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賲賴賲 賳亘賵丿賴 賵 丨丕讴賲 丌賳賴丕 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲 爻賵亍 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 賱蹖賱蹖倬賵鬲 賴丕 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 亘賵乇賵讴乇丕鬲蹖讴 丿丕乇賳丿貙 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 賵 賯乇丕乇丿丕丿賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 倬賵趩 賵 賲噩丕夭丕鬲 賴丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖丕賳賴 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 毓丿賲 乇毓丕蹖鬲 卮丕賳. 丌賳賴丕 丕夭 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴 爻賱丕丨 丿乇 噩賳诏 賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 丿賴賳丿賴 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 鬲賵爻胤 噩賲毓 丕爻鬲. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 丿乇賳賴丕蹖鬲 亘賴 禺蹖丕賳鬲蹖 亘夭乇诏 賲鬲賴賲 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵 丿丕丿诏丕賴 賳丕毓丕丿賱丕賳賴 - 賴乇 趩賴 丕賳爻丕賳 亘蹖 诏賳丕賴 鬲乇 亘丕卮丿貙 賲噩丕夭丕鬲 爻賳诏蹖賳 鬲乇 賵 賵丨卮蹖丕賳賴 鬲乇 丿乇 丕賳鬲馗丕乇卮 丕爻鬲- 丕賵 乇丕 亘賴 讴賵乇 卮丿賳 賲丨讴賵賲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 丕蹖賳噩丕 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 胤賳夭蹖 馗乇蹖賮 亘賴 讴卮賲讴卮鈥屬囏й� 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 噩賳诏鈥屬囏й� 亘蹖鈥屬呚官嗃� 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж藏�. 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌屸€屬囏� 賵 賴賲爻丕蹖诏丕賳 亘乇 爻乇 賳丨賵賴 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲鈥屬呚必贺� 讴賳丕蹖賴鈥屫й� 丌卮讴丕乇 亘賴 爻蹖丕爻鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲毓氐亘丕賳賴 賵 倬賵趩 噩賵丕賲毓 亘卮乇蹖 丕爻鬲. 丕夭 爻賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇貙 賳賵毓 賳馗丕賲 爻賱胤賳鬲蹖 賵 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 丿賵賱鬲賲乇丿丕賳貙 讴賴 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 亘丕夭蹖鈥屬囏й� 賮蹖夭蹖讴蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 氐賵乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫必� 賳賯丿蹖 亘賴 乇賵賳丿 丕賳鬲氐丕亘丕鬲 爻蹖丕爻蹖 丿乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴丕蹖 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖 亘蹖賳 讴丕鬲賵賱蹖讴 賴丕 賵 倬乇賵鬲爻鬲丕賳 賴丕 賳蹖夭 丕馗賴丕乇 賳馗乇 賲蹖 讴賳丿 亘胤賵乇蹖讴賴 賲蹖亘蹖賳蹖賲 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丕夭 倬賵趩蹖 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖 亘乇 爻乇 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 鬲毓噩亘 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 趩诏賵賳賴 賲乇丿賲 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 賴丕蹖 賳丕趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘丕毓孬 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖賴丕 賵 禺卮賵賳鬲 賴丕蹖 亘夭乇诏 丿乇 亘蹖賳 诏乇賵賴 賴丕 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵丕讴賳卮 毓丕丿蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿.
爻賮乇 丿賵賲 亘賴 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂嗂�: 丿賵賲蹖賳 爻賮乇 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 爻丕讴賳丕賳 丌賳 睾賵賱鈥屬囏й屰� 毓馗蹖賲鈥屫з勜� 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 丿賱蹖賱 讴賵趩讴蹖 賵 囟毓賮 禺賵丿貙 鬲丨鬲 鬲爻賱胤 睾賵賱鈥屬囏� 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 丕蹖賳噩丕 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 讴賴 賲賮賴賵賲 丕賳丿丕夭賴貙 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵 賯丿乇鬲 蹖讴 賮乇丿 亘丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕胤乇丕賮 丕賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖讴賳丿 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 鬲爻賱胤 賵 亘夭乇诏蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丌爻蹖亘 倬匕蹖乇蹖 丕賵 賲賮賴賵賲蹖 賳爻亘蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳 丕賵 亘爻鬲诏蹖 丿丕乇丿. (亘賴 賯賵賱 蹖讴 乇蹖賵蹖賵賵 貙 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賯乇賳鈥屬囏� 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳卮鬲蹖賳 賯丕賳賵賳 賳爻亘蹖鬲 乇丕 讴卮賮 讴乇丿) 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賲丿丕賲 丿乇诏蹖乇 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 丕丨爻丕爻 丨賯丕乇鬲 丕爻鬲貙 夭蹖乇丕 丕夭 亘锟斤拷乇诏 賵 賲賴賲 亘賵丿賳 丿乇 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 亘賴 讴賵趩讴蹖 賵 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲蹖 丿乇 亘乇丕亘丿蹖賳诏賳诏 乇爻丿賴 丕爻鬲. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 睾賵賱賴丕 鬲賵爻胤 蹖讴 讴卮丕賵乇夭 賲賵乇丿 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 诏蹖乇丿貙 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 賲賵囟賵毓蹖 賲乇鬲亘胤 亘丕 賮乇氐鬲 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴貙 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 蹖丕 孬乇賵鬲.
倬丕丿卮丕賴 賵 賲賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 亘丿噩賳爻 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 賵 丕夭 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賲乇丕賯亘鬲 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 丕賵 乇丕 賮賯胤 蹖讴 毓乇賵爻讴 禺賳丿賴 丿丕乇 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳賳丿. 亘乇丕蹖 丌賳賴丕 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 鬲氐賵乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 蹖讴 賮乇丿 讴丕賲賱 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 賯賵丕賳蹖賳貙 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 毓賱賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┴必�. 毓賱丕賯賴 倬丕丿卮丕賴 亘賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇丨丿 爻乇诏乇賲蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕蹖賳 賲賳毓讴爻 讴賳賳丿賴 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 賴丕 丌賳 夭賲丕賳貙 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 禺丕乇噩蹖 賴丕 賵 賮乇賴賳诏 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 爻乇诏乇賲 讴賳賳丿賴 賵 噩丕賱亘 賲蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賲毓鬲賯丿 亘賵丿賳丿 賳亘丕蹖丿 噩丿蹖 诏乇賮鬲賴 卮賵賳丿. 倬丕丿卮丕賴 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲丨丿賵丿蹖 丕夭 噩賴丕賳 丿丕乇丿. 丕賵 丿丕乇丕蹖 賯丿乇鬲 賲胤賱賯賴 丕爻鬲亘丿丕丿蹖 丕爻鬲貙 讴卮賵乇卮 乇丕 賲賳夭賵蹖 賳诏賴 賲蹖丿丕乇丿貙 丕噩丕夭賴 爻賮乇 亘賴 賲乇丿賲卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 亘賴 賮乇賴賳诏 賵 倬蹖卮乇賮鬲 鬲賲丿賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 賵 賲乇丿賲卮 賮賯胤 丨賯 蹖丕丿诏蹖乇蹖 趩賳丿 賲賵囟賵毓 丌賲賵夭卮蹖 丕夭 倬蹖卮 鬲毓蹖蹖賳 卮丿賴 丿丕乇賳丿.
丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳貙 賳賯丿 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇 毓蹖丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 夭蹖乇丕 睾賵賱鈥屬囏� 丕賳爻丕賳鈥� 乇丕 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲蹖 禺卮賳 賵 賮丕爻丿 賲蹖鈥屫з嗁嗀� 賵 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 丕蹖賳 卮讴賱 亘賴 馗丕賴乇爻丕夭蹖鈥屬囏й� 鬲賲丿賳 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂€屬嗂� 賳賲丕蹖丕賳诏乇 賳诏丕賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 賳馗丕賲 胤亘賯丕鬲蹖 賵 賮丕氐賱賴鈥屫й� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 賵 囟毓賮 丿乇 噩賵丕賲毓 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖鈥屫促堌�.
爻賮乇 爻賵賲 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賴丕蹖 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 亘丕賱賳蹖亘丕乇亘蹖貙 賵 賱丕诏賳诏鈥屫屭勜жㄘжㄘ臂�: 爻賵賲蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱丕倬賵鬲丕 丕爻鬲貙 噩夭蹖乇賴鈥屫й� 卮賳丕賵乇 讴賴 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丕夭 毓賱賲丕 賵 丿丕賳卮賲賳丿丕賳貙 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳貙 賮蹖孬丕睾賵乇孬蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 乇賵卮賳诏乇丕賳 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� (丕诏乇 丕賳蹖賲蹖卮賳 丌爻鬲乇賵亘賵蹖 乇賵 丿蹖丿賴 亘丕卮蹖丿貙 丿賯蹖賯丕 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 鬲氐賵蹖乇 卮丿賴). 亘乇禺賱丕賮 爻賮乇 丿賵賲貙 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 乇蹖丕囟蹖丕鬲 賵 賲賵爻蹖賯蹖 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘丕賱丕蹖蹖 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 亘賵丿賴貙 賵 丕賴賲蹖鬲 鬲卅賵乇蹖 賵 毓賱賲 亘賴 丨丿 丕賮乇丕胤 乇爻蹖丿賴 丕爻鬲. 賱丕倬賵鬲丕賴丕 亘賴 賴賳丿爻賴 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴 丿乇 丨丿 丕毓賱丕 賲爻賱胤 丕賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 賯丕丿乇 亘賴 爻丕禺鬲賳 禺丕賳賴鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 丿賵禺鬲 蹖讴 丿爻鬲 賱亘丕爻 賲賳丕爻亘 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿. 丿丕賳卮 賳馗乇蹖 丌賳賴丕 毓賲蹖賯丕賸 睾蹖乇毓賲賱蹖 丕爻鬲貙 丌賳賴丕 丌夭賲丕蹖卮 賴丕蹖 倬賵趩 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 丕蹖 丕賳噩丕賲 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿 讴賴 亘蹖 賮丕蹖丿賴 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 賲禺乇亘 賴爻鬲賳丿貙 賵 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 賲亘賴賲 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 讴賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 賲毓讴賵爻 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿. 賲乇丿賲 禺乇丿賲賳丿 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 鬲噩爻賲蹖 丕夭 亘蹖賴賵丿诏蹖 噩爻鬲噩賵蹖 丿丕賳卮 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賵爻蹖賱賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 賴丿賮貙 亘丿賵賳 丿乇 賳馗乇 诏乇賮鬲賳 丿賳蹖丕蹖 毓賲賱蹖 賵 毓蹖賳蹖貙 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丕蹖賳 丕賳毓讴丕爻蹖 丕夭 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲毓鬲賯丿 亘賵丿 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 毓氐乇 乇賵卮賳诏乇蹖 丿乇 鬲賮讴乇丕鬲 禺賵丿 丕亘賴丕賲 賳馗乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳丿. 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賳賯丿蹖 丕爻鬲 亘乇 賲丿丕乇爻 賵 賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丌賲賵夭卮蹖貙 噩賵丕賲毓 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳 亘乇鬲乇. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 噩丕丿賵诏乇丕賳 賲蹖 乇賵丿 賵 丿乇 丌賳噩丕 亘丕 丕乇賵丕丨 诏匕卮鬲賴 丕夭噩賲賱賴 丕爻讴賳丿乇 賲賯丿賵賳蹖貙 爻夭丕乇貙 賴賵賲乇貙 丕乇爻胤賵貙 丿讴丕乇鬲 乇賵亘乇賵 賲蹖 卮賵丿. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 賲鬲賵噩賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 爻賵丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 卮丿賴 賵 丕蹖賳 丿丕賳卮 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳丕賮毓 卮禺氐蹖貙 丿爻鬲讴丕乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 夭蹖乇丕 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 讴賴 丕賵 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀池� 倬乇 丕夭 鬲賮爻蹖乇 賲鬲賳丕賯囟 亘丕 丌賳 趩蹖夭蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 丕乇賵丕丨 丕夭 丌賳 爻禺賳 賲蹖诏賵蹖賳丿 丕爻鬲. 亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 丕賵 賲蹖鈥屫①呝堌藏� 讴賴 鬲賲丕賲 丿丕賳卮 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 匕賴賳蹖 丕爻鬲.
丌禺乇蹖賳 賵 趩賴丕乇賲蹖賳 爻賮乇 亘賴 賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏� 賵 蹖丕賴賵賴丕: 丿乇 丌禺乇蹖賳 賵 賲賴賲鈥屫臂屬� 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 賲蹖鈥屫必池� 讴賴 鬲賵爻胤 丕爻亘鈥屬囏й� 禺乇丿賲賳丿 (賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏�) 丕丿丕乇賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 賵 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й屰� 倬爻鬲 賵 亘蹖鈥屫必� (蹖丕賴賵賴丕) 丿乇 丌賳噩丕 賲蹖鈥屫槽屬嗀�. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏� 賳賲丕丿蹖 丕夭 毓賯賱 賵 賲賳胤賯鈥屫з嗀� 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖 讴賴 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 賳賲丕丿 胤亘蹖毓鬲 夭卮鬲 賵 禺卮賳 丕賳爻丕賳 賴爻鬲賳丿. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賳賲 賴丕 亘丕 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丕夭 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 蹖讴 匕賴賳 賲賳胤賯蹖 賴賲乇丕賴 亘丕 賮囟丕蹖賱 丕禺賱丕賯蹖貙 讴卮賵乇蹖 乇丕 鬲兀爻蹖爻 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 禺蹖乇 毓賲賵賲蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖賳 丕乇夭卮 乇丕 丿丕乇丿. 丌賳 賴丕 亘丿賵賳 丿乇賵睾貙 亘蹖 毓丿丕賱鬲蹖貙 賮爻丕丿貙 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 胤亘賯丕鬲蹖貙 亘蹖賲丕乇蹖貙 賵 丿乇 賮囟丕蹖蹖 亘賴 丿賵乇 丕夭 乇賳噩 賵 賳丕亘乇丕亘乇蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丕蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 亘丕 賯丿乇鬲 亘丿賳蹖 賵 毓賯賱 爻賱胤賴 禺賵丿 亘乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 乇丕 丨賮馗 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩丕賲毓賴貙 丿賵爻鬲蹖 賵 丨爻賳 賳蹖鬲 噩丕蹖诏夭蹖賳 毓卮賯 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 毓丕卮賯丕賳賴 丕爻鬲 賵 丕夭丿賵丕噩 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賵賱蹖丿 丿賵 賮乇夭賳丿 丕夭 噩賳爻 賴丕蹖 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賳噩丕賲 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵 丕诏乇 夭賵噩蹖 氐丕丨亘 丿賵 賮乇夭賳丿 賴賲噩賳爻 亘丕卮賳丿貙 賮乇夭賳丿丕賳 乇丕 賲亘丕丿賱賴 賵 亘乇丕亘乇蹖 噩賳爻蹖鬲蹖 賲胤賱賯 乇丕 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賲 賴丕 賴蹖趩 鬲噩乇亘賴 毓丕胤賮蹖 丕夭 毓卮賯 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 噩卮賳 賳賲蹖 诏蹖乇賳丿 賵 卮丕丿蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賵 丌乇賲丕賳卮賴乇蹖 丌乇丕賲 丕賲丕 鬲丕 丨丿賵丿蹖 爻乇丿 亘丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 賴賵蹖鬲 賵 鬲賳賵毓 賮乇丿蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賳賲賵丿賴 丕賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩丕賲毓賴 丌乇賲丕賳鈥屫促囏臂屫� 丕蹖丿賴鈥屫①� 蹖毓賳蹖 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 毓賯賱 亘乇 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 丨讴賲乇丕賳蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 蹖毓賳蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 丕爻亘鈥屬囏� 亘乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 ( 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖貙 倬卮賲丕賱賵貙 亘丿賵蹖 賵 丨蹖賵丕賳鈥屬呚з嗁嗀�). 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賳賲 賴丕 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丕賵賱蹖賴 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丿乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 乇丕 禺賵丕乇 卮賲乇丿賴 賵 诏乇丕蹖卮 亘賴 亘乇鬲乇蹖 賵 爻賱胤賴 丿丕乇賳丿. 丌賳賴丕 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賴 賮乇丿蹖 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 丕夭 賴賳噩丕乇 噩賲毓蹖 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿 賵 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴乇丿賴 蹖丕 賴乇 趩蹖夭蹖 乇丕 讴賴 亘丕 丕蹖丿賴 丌賱 賮乇賴賳诏 賵 毓賯賱 丌賳賴丕 賲胤丕亘賯鬲 賳丿丕乇丿 乇丿 讴賳丿貙 禺胤乇賳丕讴 卮賲乇丿賴 賵 賳丕亘賵丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀�. 禺蹖乇禺賵丕賴蹖 賵 丿賵爻鬲蹖 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 丕蹖卮丕賳 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 賳賵毓 禺賵丿 賲丨賮賵馗 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕蹖丿賴 丕氐賱蹖 丕爻鬲毓賲丕乇 乇丕 鬲噩爻賲 賲蹖 亘禺卮丿. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇貙 噩丕賲毓賴 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賲 賴丕 乇丕 丕蹖丿賴 丌賱 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 亘丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賳 乇蹖丕讴丕乇蹖 賵 禺賵丿卮蹖賮鬲诏蹖 卮丕賳貙 爻毓蹖 丿丕乇丿 丿乇 噩丕賲毓賴 丌賳賴丕 丕丿睾丕賲 卮賵丿. 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 丿賱蹖賱 爻毓蹖 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丕夭 賴賵蹖鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丕賵 乇丕 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丿爻鬲 亘讴卮丿 賵 丕夭 卮亘丕賴鬲 禺賵丿 亘丕 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 卮乇賲賳丿賴 丕爻鬲. 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮貙 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賳賯丿 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳蹖鬲 丕爻鬲貨 賵蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 丕诏乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕夭 毓賯賱 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 賮丕氐賱賴 亘诏蹖乇丿貙 趩蹖夭蹖 噩夭 蹖讴 賲賵噩賵丿 倬爻鬲 賵 賳丕亘賴賳噩丕乇 亘丕賯蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屬呚з嗀�.
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丨乇賮 丌禺乇:
賲賳 賮丕蹖賱 氐賵鬲蹖 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 噩匕丕亘 乇賵 賴丿蹖賴 诏乇賮鬲賲 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿賳/禺賵賳丿賳卮 乇賵 亘乇丕賲 丿賵亘乇丕亘乇 賱匕鬲 亘禺卮 鬲乇 讴乇丿馃槏鈽猴笍鉂わ笍
禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 乇賵 賴賲 禺蹖賱蹖 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 賲賲讴賳賴 诏丕賴蹖 亘禺丕胤乇 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 蹖丕 亘蹖卮 丕夭 丨丿 賳賲丕丿蹖賳 賵 丕爻鬲毓賲丕乇蹖 亘賵丿賳卮 禺爻鬲賴 讴賳賳丿賴 亘卮賴貙 丕賲丕 亘丕夭 賴賲 丕乇夭卮 禺賵賳丿賳 丿丕乇賴 賵 噩夭賵 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 讴賱丕爻蹖讴 賴丕蹖蹖賴 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 爻乇丕睾卮賵賳 亘乇蹖丿. 丿乇賵丕賯毓 亘賴 丕蹖賳 禺丕胤乇 讴賴 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 丕孬乇蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 禺賵丿卮 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 賳賴鈥屫嗁囏� 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳卮 丿乇 賯乇賳 賴噩丿賴賲 乇賵 爻乇诏乇賲 賲蹖鈥屭┴必囏� 亘賱讴賴 賴噩賵蹖 亘乇 賵囟毓蹖鬲 噩丕賲毓賴貙 賵 丨鬲蹖 爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖丕賳賴 丕賵賳 丿賵乇賴 賴賲 亘賵丿賴. 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴 鬲兀孬蹖乇 毓賲蹖賯 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 亘乇 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲貙 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 丨鬲蹖 毓賱賵賲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 爻蹖丕爻蹖 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 丕賳讴丕乇賴. 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 亘賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 亘毓丿蹖 賳卮賵賳 丿丕丿 讴賴 趩胤賵乇 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 丕夭 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲 亘賴鈥屫官嗁堌з� 丕亘夭丕乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賳賯丿 賵 亘丕夭鬲丕亘 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 鬲賮讴乇丕鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳賳 賵 丕夭 鬲禺蹖賱 亘乇丕蹖 讴卮賮 賵 賮賴賲 賲毓賳丕 賵 丨賯蹖賯鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴乇賴 亘亘乇賳.
亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 丕诏賴 賴賳賵夭 讴鬲丕亘 亘毓丿蹖 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵賳丿賳 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 賳讴乇丿蹖丿貙. 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲賳 亘賴鬲賵賳 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴爻鬲卮 :)
鬲氐賵蹖乇 丿賵賲: 丿毓賵丕蹖 丨賱 賳卮丿賳蹖 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丕夭 爻乇卮 蹖丕 鬲賴卮 賵 丌乇夭賵蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳 噩丕鬲禺賲鈥屬呚必痕� 賳賯乇賴 讴賴 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丌亘倬夭 氐亘丨丕賳賴 乇賵 鬲賵卮 亘匕丕乇賲 賵 亘禺賵乇賲 - 丕夭 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 丌亘倬夭 賲鬲賳賮乇賲.
噩丕賱亘賴 讴賴 賵賯鬲蹖 丨乇賮 丕夭 芦爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇禄 賲蹖卮賴貙 亘賱丕賮丕氐賱賴 丕蹖賳 丿賵 鬲氐賵蹖乇 鬲賵蹖 匕賴賳賲 卮讴賱 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳.
爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丕夭 丕賵賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴丕蹖 賳賵爻鬲丕賱跇蹖讴賴 讴賴 丨鬲蹖 丕诏賴 賳賴 讴鬲丕亘卮 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賴 亘丕卮蹖 賵 賳賴 賮蹖賱賲卮 乇賵 丿蹖丿賴 亘丕卮蹖貙 丕賳賯丿乇 丕夭卮 氐丨亘鬲 卮丿賴 讴賴 丨鬲賲丕 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳蹖 丿丕爻鬲丕賳卮 乇賵 賲蹖丿賵賳蹖.
丕賲丕 丨丕賱丕 賲賳 亘毓丿 禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 賲蹖鬲賵賳賲 亘丕 賯胤毓蹖鬲 亘诏賲 讴賴 鬲賵 賴蹖趩蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賳賲蹖丿賵賳蹖 賵 鬲賲丕賲 趩蹖夭丕蹖 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿蹖 丨鬲蹖 趩賳丿 氐賮丨賴 丕夭 讴賱 賲丕噩乇丕賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲 賳蹖爻鬲.
賵賯鬲蹖 讴鬲丕亘 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 乇賵 丿乇 丿爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫臂屫� 丕賳诏丕乇 讴賴 讴賱蹖丿 蹖讴 丿賳蹖丕蹖 卮诏賮鬲鈥屫з嗂屫� 乇賵 鬲賵蹖 賲卮鬲鬲 丿丕乇蹖. 賴乇 氐賮丨賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 賵乇賯 賲蹖鈥屫操嗃屫� 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 禺丕乇賯鈥屫з勜关ж団€屫й� 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ辟� 讴賴 亘丕 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲乇丕賴 賲蹖鈥屫篡屫� 丕賲丕 噩丕賱亘 丕蹖賳噩丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 賮賯胤 蹖賴 禺蹖丕賱鈥屬矩必ж槽� 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 蹖讴 丿毓賵鬲賴 亘賴 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 禺賵丿鬲 賵 噩丕賲毓賴鈥屫й� 讴賴 丿乇 丕賵賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃�.
丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 讴賴 卮丕賴讴丕乇 噩丕賳丕鬲丕賳 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮鬲乇蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕賵賳 賴爻鬲貙 丿乇 爻丕賱 郾鄯鄄鄱 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴. 卮丕蹖丿 丕夭 毓賳賵丕賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 蹖丕 亘乇丕爻丕爻 禺丕胤乇賴 讴賵丿讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賲丕卮丕蹖 讴丕乇鬲賵賳 丕賯鬲亘丕爻蹖卮貙 鬲氐賵乇 讴賳蹖 亘丕 蹖讴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 讴賵丿讴丕賳賴 賲賵丕噩賴蹖. 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賳蹖爻鬲貨 亘賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 蹖讴 胤賳夭 丿丕爻鬲丕賳蹖 毓賲蹖賯 賵 亘蹖鈥屫关ж辟� 丕夭 噩丕賲毓賴貙 爻蹖丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕賳爻丕賳蹖鬲賴 讴賴 亘丕 賳诏丕賴蹖 鬲蹖夭亘蹖賳丕賳賴貙 讴丕爻鬲蹖鈥屬囏й� 賵噩賵丿 丕賳爻丕賳 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓卮 乇賵 亘乇乇爻蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 禺賱賯 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 禺蹖丕賱蹖 賵 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 毓噩蹖亘貙 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 爻丕禺鬲丕乇賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 爻蹖丕爻蹖 夭賲丕賳 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 亘賴 爻禺乇賴 賲蹖鈥屭屫辟囏� 亘賱讴賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 賵 賲讴丕賳 丕夭 賳丕丿丕賳蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 鬲毓氐亘丕鬲 亘卮乇蹖 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴 讴賴 丨丕氐賱 賳亘賵睾 賵 禺賱丕賯蹖鬲 亘蹖 丨丿賵賲乇夭賴.
鬲賵蹖 丕賵賱蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賴賲乇丕賴 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 倬丕賲蹖匕丕乇蹖貙 丨爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃� 蹖讴 匕乇賴 禺蹖蹖蹖賱蹖 讴賵趩蹖讴 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺蹖蹖蹖賱蹖 亘夭乇诏蹖. 趩賵賳 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 噩賴丕賳 鬲禺蹖賱蹖 讴賴 賵丕乇丿卮 卮丿蹖貙 丿賳蹖丕蹖蹖 倬乇 丕夭 鬲賳丕賯囟丕鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 亘賴 鬲氐賵蹖乇 讴卮蹖丿賴 卮丿賴 讴賴 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴鈥屰� 毓馗賲鬲 噩賴丕賳 賵 丨賯丕乇鬲 賵噩賵丿 丕賳爻丕賳 賵丕賲蹖鈥屫ж辟�. 賵 鬲賵 賲賵賯毓 賯丿賲 夭丿賳 丿乇 禺蹖丕亘賵賳 賴丕 賵 亘丕睾賴丕蹖 賲蹖賳蹖丕鬲賵乇蹖 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 蹖丕 賲賵賯毓 亘丕夭丿蹖丿 丕夭 爻丕禺鬲賲丕賳 賴丕蹖 睾賵賱鈥屬聚屭┴� 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂嗂� 賲丿丕賲 丕夭 禺賵丿鬲 賲蹖倬乇爻蹖 丌蹖丕 賵丕賯毓丕賸 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺賵丿鬲 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 讴丕賮蹖 亘夭乇诏 賵 鬲丕孬蹖乇 诏匕丕乇 賴爻鬲蹖 蹖丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲蹖賵賳 乇賵夭賲乇诏蹖 賴丕 诏賲 賵 賮乇丕賲賵卮 卮丿蹖責
丿乇 胤賵賱 爻賮乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮貙 鬲賵 賵 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘丕 卮禺氐蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 趩丕賱卮鈥屬囏й� 噩丿蹖丿蹖 乇賵亘賴鈥屫辟� 賲蹖鈥屫篡屫�. 賵 鬲賵蹖 賴乇 讴丿賵賲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏ж� 丿乇丨丕賱蹖讴賴 卮賲丕 賲卮睾賵賱 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 賴丕蹖 鬲丕夭賴 丕蹖丿貙 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賴賲趩賳丕賳 賳馗丕賲鈥屬囏й� 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖貙 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 毓賱賲蹖 毓氐乇 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 賴丿賮 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 亘蹖乇丨賲丕賳賴 鬲賳丿 賵 鬲蹖夭卮 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖丿賴 賵 丕夭鬲 賲蹖禺賵丕丿 亘賴 噩丕蹖蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賵賯丕蹖毓 賴蹖噩丕賳 丕賳诏蹖夭 賳诏丕賴 讴賳蹖.
丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴 賴乇 爻賮乇 賴賲乇丕賴 亘丕 诏丕賱蹖賵乇貙 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屫й� 毓丕胤賮蹖 賴賲 賴爻鬲. 鬲賵 丕夭 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖鈥屬囏й� 胤亘蹖毓蹖 卮诏賮鬲鈥屫藏� 賵 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 丕夭 亘蹖鈥屫必呟屸€屬囏й� 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 賳丕丕賲蹖丿 賲蹖鈥屫篡�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 夭蹖乇讴蹖 亘賴 鬲賵 蹖丕丿丌賵乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 亘丕 賵噩賵丿 鬲賲丕賲 毓馗賲鬲鈥屬囏й� 丕賳爻丕賳蹖貙 趩賯丿乇 賲丕 丌爻蹖亘鈥屬矩佰屫� 賵 诏丕賴蹖 趩賯丿乇 賳丕丕賲蹖丿讴賳賳丿賴鈥屫й屬�. 丕蹖賳 丨爻 丕夭 丕毓賲丕賯 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 亘賴 賯賱亘 鬲賵 賲蹖鈥屫必迟� 賵 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 賮讴乇 賵丕丿丕乇 賲蹖讴賳賴.
丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 趩丕賱卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 讴賴 賳诏丕賴蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫� 亘賴 禺賵丿鬲 賵 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕胤乇丕賮鬲 亘賳丿丕夭蹖. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 鬲賵 乇賵 亘賴 賮讴乇 賲蹖賳丿丕夭賴貙 亘賴 賴蹖噩丕賳 賲蹖丕乇賴貙 賴賳噩丕乇賴丕鬲 乇賵 亘賴 趩丕賱卮 賲蹖鈥屭┴促� 賵 丕睾賱亘 丨鬲蹖 毓氐亘丕賳蹖鬲 賲蹖讴賳賴貙 賵 丕蹖賳 鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 丕夭 蹖丕丿 賳賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ臂屫� 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 禺蹖丕賱蹖 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖鈥屫必迟囏� 丕賲丕 亘丕夭鬲丕亘蹖 丕夭 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏й� 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫�. 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 鬲賵 蹖丕丿丌賵乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丨賯蹖賯鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 賲毓丕賳蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫� 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫� 亘丕卮蹖 賵賱蹖 丿乇毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 賯丿乇 賱丨馗賴 賴丕乇賵 賴賲 亘丿賵賳蹖.
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禺賱丕氐賴 丕爻賮丕乇 賵 鬲丨賱蹖賱 噩丿蹖:
乇賲丕賳 芦爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇禄 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 賲囟丕賲蹖賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 噩賴丕賳鈥屫促呝堎勠� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賴賳賵夭 賴賲 亘丕 诏匕卮鬲 丨丿賵丿 鄢郯郯 爻丕賱貙 亘乇丕蹖 噩賵丕賲毓 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賯丕亘賱 鬲兀賲賱 賵 賲毓賳丕丿丕乇賳丿. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 丿乇 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 亘賴 胤乇夭 馗乇蹖賮蹖 丕夭 賴噩賵 賵 鬲賲孬蹖賱 亘乇丕蹖 亘蹖丕賳 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 噩丕賲毓賴 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖貙 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 丕賳诏賱爻鬲丕賳 賵 丕蹖乇賱賳丿貙 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴乇丿賴 丕爻鬲. 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 亘賴 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 夭賲丕賳賴鈥屫ж� 賳诏丕賴蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 賵 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 爻乇禺賵乇丿诏蹖 爻鬲貙 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丿乇 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘丕 胤賳夭 賵 讴賳丕蹖賴 丕乇丕卅賴 卮丿賴 鬲丕 亘鬲賵丕賳丿 鬲丕孬蹖乇蹖 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂� 亘乇 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳 亘诏匕丕乇丿.
丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 丿乇 趩賴丕乇 賮氐賱 賵 亘丕 丿賳亘丕賱 讴乇丿賳 趩賴丕乇 爻賮乇 禺蹖丕賱蹖 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 賲禺鬲賱賮 賳賵卮鬲賴 卮丿賴 丕爻鬲. 爻賮乇 賴丕蹖蹖 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳鈥屬囏й屰� 亘丕 賵蹖跇诏蹖鈥屬囏й� 賲賳丨氐乇 亘賴 賮乇丿貙 讴賴 賴乇 讴丿丕賲 賳賲丕丿蹖 丕夭 噩賳亘賴鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿.
爻賮乇 丕賵賱 噩夭蹖乇賴 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌�: 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й� 亘爻蹖丕乇 讴賵趩讴貙 丨丿賵丿 倬丕賳夭丿賴 爻丕賳鬲蹖賲鬲乇 蹖丕 卮卮 丕蹖賳趩貙 亘賴 賳丕賲 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌屫з� 賲蹖鈥屫必池�. 丕蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 亘丕賵噩賵丿 噩孬賴 讴賵趩讴貙 禺賵丿 乇丕 賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 噩賴丕賳 賲蹖丿丕賳賳丿 賵 丕夭 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘賵丿賳 賵 賳丕趩蹖夭蹖 禺賵丿 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 亘蹖 禺亘乇 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丿賵賱鬲賲乇锟斤拷丕賳 賱蹖賱蹖倬賵鬲 賯丕丿乇 亘賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲 诏蹖乇蹖 賵 倬丕蹖亘賳丿蹖 亘賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲丕鬲 賲賴賲 賳亘賵丿賴 賵 丨丕讴賲 丌賳賴丕 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲 爻賵亍 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 賱蹖賱蹖倬賵鬲 賴丕 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 亘賵乇賵讴乇丕鬲蹖讴 丿丕乇賳丿貙 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 賵 賯乇丕乇丿丕丿賴丕蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 倬賵趩 賵 賲噩丕夭丕鬲 賴丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖丕賳賴 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 毓丿賲 乇毓丕蹖鬲 卮丕賳. 丌賳賴丕 丕夭 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴 爻賱丕丨 丿乇 噩賳诏 賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 丿賴賳丿賴 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 鬲賵爻胤 噩賲毓 丕爻鬲. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 丿乇賳賴丕蹖鬲 亘賴 禺蹖丕賳鬲蹖 亘夭乇诏 賲鬲賴賲 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵 丿丕丿诏丕賴 賳丕毓丕丿賱丕賳賴 - 賴乇 趩賴 丕賳爻丕賳 亘蹖 诏賳丕賴 鬲乇 亘丕卮丿貙 賲噩丕夭丕鬲 爻賳诏蹖賳 鬲乇 賵 賵丨卮蹖丕賳賴 鬲乇 丿乇 丕賳鬲馗丕乇卮 丕爻鬲- 丕賵 乇丕 亘賴 讴賵乇 卮丿賳 賲丨讴賵賲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 丕蹖賳噩丕 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘丕 胤賳夭蹖 馗乇蹖賮 亘賴 讴卮賲讴卮鈥屬囏й� 爻蹖丕爻蹖 賵 噩賳诏鈥屬囏й� 亘蹖鈥屬呚官嗃� 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж藏�. 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌屸€屬囏� 賵 賴賲爻丕蹖诏丕賳 亘乇 爻乇 賳丨賵賴 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲鈥屬呚必贺� 讴賳丕蹖賴鈥屫й� 丌卮讴丕乇 亘賴 爻蹖丕爻鬲鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲毓氐亘丕賳賴 賵 倬賵趩 噩賵丕賲毓 亘卮乇蹖 丕爻鬲. 丕夭 爻賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇貙 賳賵毓 賳馗丕賲 爻賱胤賳鬲蹖 賵 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 丿賵賱鬲賲乇丿丕賳貙 讴賴 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 亘丕夭蹖鈥屬囏й� 賮蹖夭蹖讴蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 氐賵乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屭屫必� 賳賯丿蹖 亘賴 乇賵賳丿 丕賳鬲氐丕亘丕鬲 爻蹖丕爻蹖 丿乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴丕蹖 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖 亘蹖賳 讴丕鬲賵賱蹖讴 賴丕 賵 倬乇賵鬲爻鬲丕賳 賴丕 賳蹖夭 丕馗賴丕乇 賳馗乇 賲蹖 讴賳丿 亘胤賵乇蹖讴賴 賲蹖亘蹖賳蹖賲 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丕夭 倬賵趩蹖 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖 亘乇 爻乇 卮讴爻鬲賳 鬲禺賲 賲乇睾 鬲毓噩亘 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 趩诏賵賳賴 賲乇丿賲 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 賴丕蹖 賳丕趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘丕毓孬 丿乇诏蹖乇蹖賴丕 賵 禺卮賵賳鬲 賴丕蹖 亘夭乇诏 丿乇 亘蹖賳 诏乇賵賴 賴丕 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵丕讴賳卮 毓丕丿蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿.
爻賮乇 丿賵賲 亘賴 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂嗂�: 丿賵賲蹖賳 爻賮乇 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 爻丕讴賳丕賳 丌賳 睾賵賱鈥屬囏й屰� 毓馗蹖賲鈥屫з勜� 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 丿賱蹖賱 讴賵趩讴蹖 賵 囟毓賮 禺賵丿貙 鬲丨鬲 鬲爻賱胤 睾賵賱鈥屬囏� 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 丕蹖賳噩丕 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 讴賴 賲賮賴賵賲 丕賳丿丕夭賴貙 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵 賯丿乇鬲 蹖讴 賮乇丿 亘丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕胤乇丕賮 丕賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖讴賳丿 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 鬲爻賱胤 賵 亘夭乇诏蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丌爻蹖亘 倬匕蹖乇蹖 丕賵 賲賮賴賵賲蹖 賳爻亘蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 丕胤乇丕賮蹖丕賳 丕賵 亘爻鬲诏蹖 丿丕乇丿. (亘賴 賯賵賱 蹖讴 乇蹖賵蹖賵賵 貙 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 賯乇賳鈥屬囏� 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳卮鬲蹖賳 賯丕賳賵賳 賳爻亘蹖鬲 乇丕 讴卮賮 讴乇丿) 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賲丿丕賲 丿乇诏蹖乇 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 丕丨爻丕爻 丨賯丕乇鬲 丕爻鬲貙 夭蹖乇丕 丕夭 亘锟斤拷乇诏 賵 賲賴賲 亘賵丿賳 丿乇 賱蹖鈥屬勠屸€屬举堌� 亘賴 讴賵趩讴蹖 賵 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲蹖 丿乇 亘乇丕亘丿蹖賳诏賳诏 乇爻丿賴 丕爻鬲. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 睾賵賱賴丕 鬲賵爻胤 蹖讴 讴卮丕賵乇夭 賲賵乇丿 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 诏蹖乇丿貙 讴賴 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 賲賵囟賵毓蹖 賲乇鬲亘胤 亘丕 賮乇氐鬲 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴貙 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 蹖丕 孬乇賵鬲.
倬丕丿卮丕賴 賵 賲賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 亘丿噩賳爻 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 賵 丕夭 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賲乇丕賯亘鬲 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 丕賵 乇丕 賮賯胤 蹖讴 毓乇賵爻讴 禺賳丿賴 丿丕乇 鬲氐賵乇 賲蹖讴賳賳丿. 亘乇丕蹖 丌賳賴丕 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 鬲氐賵乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 蹖讴 賮乇丿 讴丕賲賱 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 賯賵丕賳蹖賳貙 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 毓賱賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┴必�. 毓賱丕賯賴 倬丕丿卮丕賴 亘賴 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇丨丿 爻乇诏乇賲蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕蹖賳 賲賳毓讴爻 讴賳賳丿賴 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 賴丕 丌賳 夭賲丕賳貙 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 禺丕乇噩蹖 賴丕 賵 賮乇賴賳诏 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 爻乇诏乇賲 讴賳賳丿賴 賵 噩丕賱亘 賲蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賲毓鬲賯丿 亘賵丿賳丿 賳亘丕蹖丿 噩丿蹖 诏乇賮鬲賴 卮賵賳丿. 倬丕丿卮丕賴 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲丨丿賵丿蹖 丕夭 噩賴丕賳 丿丕乇丿. 丕賵 丿丕乇丕蹖 賯丿乇鬲 賲胤賱賯賴 丕爻鬲亘丿丕丿蹖 丕爻鬲貙 讴卮賵乇卮 乇丕 賲賳夭賵蹖 賳诏賴 賲蹖丿丕乇丿貙 丕噩丕夭賴 爻賮乇 亘賴 賲乇丿賲卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 亘賴 賮乇賴賳诏 賵 倬蹖卮乇賮鬲 鬲賲丿賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 賵 賲乇丿賲卮 賮賯胤 丨賯 蹖丕丿诏蹖乇蹖 趩賳丿 賲賵囟賵毓 丌賲賵夭卮蹖 丕夭 倬蹖卮 鬲毓蹖蹖賳 卮丿賴 丿丕乇賳丿.
丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳貙 賳賯丿 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇 毓蹖丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 夭蹖乇丕 睾賵賱鈥屬囏� 丕賳爻丕賳鈥� 乇丕 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲蹖 禺卮賳 賵 賮丕爻丿 賲蹖鈥屫з嗁嗀� 賵 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 丕蹖賳 卮讴賱 亘賴 馗丕賴乇爻丕夭蹖鈥屬囏й� 鬲賲丿賳 丕乇賵倬丕蹖蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 亘乇丕亘鈥屫屬嗂€屬嗂� 賳賲丕蹖丕賳诏乇 賳诏丕賴 丕賳鬲賯丕丿蹖 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 賳馗丕賲 胤亘賯丕鬲蹖 賵 賮丕氐賱賴鈥屫й� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘蹖賳 賯丿乇鬲 賵 囟毓賮 丿乇 噩賵丕賲毓 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖鈥屫促堌�.
爻賮乇 爻賵賲 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賴丕蹖 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 亘丕賱賳蹖亘丕乇亘蹖貙 賵 賱丕诏賳诏鈥屫屭勜жㄘжㄘ臂�: 爻賵賲蹖賳 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱丕倬賵鬲丕 丕爻鬲貙 噩夭蹖乇賴鈥屫й� 卮賳丕賵乇 讴賴 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳鬲賯丕丿 丕夭 毓賱賲丕 賵 丿丕賳卮賲賳丿丕賳貙 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳貙 賮蹖孬丕睾賵乇孬蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 乇賵卮賳诏乇丕賳 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� (丕诏乇 丕賳蹖賲蹖卮賳 丌爻鬲乇賵亘賵蹖 乇賵 丿蹖丿賴 亘丕卮蹖丿貙 丿賯蹖賯丕 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 鬲氐賵蹖乇 卮丿賴). 亘乇禺賱丕賮 爻賮乇 丿賵賲貙 丿乇 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 乇蹖丕囟蹖丕鬲 賵 賲賵爻蹖賯蹖 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘丕賱丕蹖蹖 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 亘賵丿賴貙 賵 丕賴賲蹖鬲 鬲卅賵乇蹖 賵 毓賱賲 亘賴 丨丿 丕賮乇丕胤 乇爻蹖丿賴 丕爻鬲. 賱丕倬賵鬲丕賴丕 亘賴 賴賳丿爻賴 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴 丿乇 丨丿 丕毓賱丕 賲爻賱胤 丕賳丿貙 丕賲丕 丿乇 毓蹖賳 丨丕賱 賯丕丿乇 亘賴 爻丕禺鬲賳 禺丕賳賴鈥屬囏й� 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 丿賵禺鬲 蹖讴 丿爻鬲 賱亘丕爻 賲賳丕爻亘 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿. 丿丕賳卮 賳馗乇蹖 丌賳賴丕 毓賲蹖賯丕賸 睾蹖乇毓賲賱蹖 丕爻鬲貙 丌賳賴丕 丌夭賲丕蹖卮 賴丕蹖 倬賵趩 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 丕蹖 丕賳噩丕賲 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿 讴賴 亘蹖 賮丕蹖丿賴 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 賲禺乇亘 賴爻鬲賳丿貙 賵 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 賲亘賴賲 倬蹖趩蹖丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 讴賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 賲毓讴賵爻 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿. 賲乇丿賲 禺乇丿賲賳丿 賱丕倬賵鬲丕貙 鬲噩爻賲蹖 丕夭 亘蹖賴賵丿诏蹖 噩爻鬲噩賵蹖 丿丕賳卮 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賵爻蹖賱賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 賴丿賮貙 亘丿賵賳 丿乇 賳馗乇 诏乇賮鬲賳 丿賳蹖丕蹖 毓賲賱蹖 賵 毓蹖賳蹖貙 賴爻鬲賳丿. 丕蹖賳 丕賳毓讴丕爻蹖 丕夭 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻賵卅蹖賮鬲 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲毓鬲賯丿 亘賵丿 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 毓氐乇 乇賵卮賳诏乇蹖 丿乇 鬲賮讴乇丕鬲 禺賵丿 丕亘賴丕賲 賳馗乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳丿. 賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 賳賯丿蹖 丕爻鬲 亘乇 賲丿丕乇爻 賵 賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丌賲賵夭卮蹖貙 噩賵丕賲毓 乇賵卮賳賮讴乇丕賳 亘乇鬲乇. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳 爻賮乇 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳 噩丕丿賵诏乇丕賳 賲蹖 乇賵丿 賵 丿乇 丌賳噩丕 亘丕 丕乇賵丕丨 诏匕卮鬲賴 丕夭噩賲賱賴 丕爻讴賳丿乇 賲賯丿賵賳蹖貙 爻夭丕乇貙 賴賵賲乇貙 丕乇爻胤賵貙 丿讴丕乇鬲 乇賵亘乇賵 賲蹖 卮賵丿. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 賲鬲賵噩賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丕夭 鬲丕乇蹖禺 爻賵丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 卮丿賴 賵 丕蹖賳 丿丕賳卮 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳丕賮毓 卮禺氐蹖貙 丿爻鬲讴丕乇蹖 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 夭蹖乇丕 鬲丕乇蹖禺蹖 讴賴 丕賵 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀池� 倬乇 丕夭 鬲賮爻蹖乇 賲鬲賳丕賯囟 亘丕 丌賳 趩蹖夭蹖 亘賵丿 讴賴 丕乇賵丕丨 丕夭 丌賳 爻禺賳 賲蹖诏賵蹖賳丿 丕爻鬲. 亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 丕賵 賲蹖鈥屫①呝堌藏� 讴賴 鬲賲丕賲 丿丕賳卮 鬲丕乇蹖禺貙 匕賴賳蹖 丕爻鬲.
丌禺乇蹖賳 賵 趩賴丕乇賲蹖賳 爻賮乇 亘賴 賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏� 賵 蹖丕賴賵賴丕: 丿乇 丌禺乇蹖賳 賵 賲賴賲鈥屫臂屬� 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖蹖貙 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 亘賴 爻乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 賲蹖鈥屫必池� 讴賴 鬲賵爻胤 丕爻亘鈥屬囏й� 禺乇丿賲賳丿 (賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏�) 丕丿丕乇賴 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 賵 丕賳爻丕賳鈥屬囏й屰� 倬爻鬲 賵 亘蹖鈥屫必� (蹖丕賴賵賴丕) 丿乇 丌賳噩丕 賲蹖鈥屫槽屬嗀�. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴蹖賳賲鈥屬囏� 賳賲丕丿蹖 丕夭 毓賯賱 賵 賲賳胤賯鈥屫з嗀� 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖 讴賴 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 賳賲丕丿 胤亘蹖毓鬲 夭卮鬲 賵 禺卮賳 丕賳爻丕賳 賴爻鬲賳丿. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賳賲 賴丕 亘丕 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丕夭 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 蹖讴 匕賴賳 賲賳胤賯蹖 賴賲乇丕賴 亘丕 賮囟丕蹖賱 丕禺賱丕賯蹖貙 讴卮賵乇蹖 乇丕 鬲兀爻蹖爻 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 禺蹖乇 毓賲賵賲蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖賳 丕乇夭卮 乇丕 丿丕乇丿. 丌賳 賴丕 亘丿賵賳 丿乇賵睾貙 亘蹖 毓丿丕賱鬲蹖貙 賮爻丕丿貙 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 胤亘賯丕鬲蹖貙 亘蹖賲丕乇蹖貙 賵 丿乇 賮囟丕蹖蹖 亘賴 丿賵乇 丕夭 乇賳噩 賵 賳丕亘乇丕亘乇蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丕蹖賳 賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 亘丕 賯丿乇鬲 亘丿賳蹖 賵 毓賯賱 爻賱胤賴 禺賵丿 亘乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 乇丕 丨賮馗 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩丕賲毓賴貙 丿賵爻鬲蹖 賵 丨爻賳 賳蹖鬲 噩丕蹖诏夭蹖賳 毓卮賯 賵 禺丕賳賵丕丿賴 毓丕卮賯丕賳賴 丕爻鬲 賵 丕夭丿賵丕噩 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賵賱蹖丿 丿賵 賮乇夭賳丿 丕夭 噩賳爻 賴丕蹖 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賳噩丕賲 賲蹖 卮賵丿 賵 丕诏乇 夭賵噩蹖 氐丕丨亘 丿賵 賮乇夭賳丿 賴賲噩賳爻 亘丕卮賳丿貙 賮乇夭賳丿丕賳 乇丕 賲亘丕丿賱賴 賵 亘乇丕亘乇蹖 噩賳爻蹖鬲蹖 賲胤賱賯 乇丕 丕蹖噩丕丿 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賲 賴丕 賴蹖趩 鬲噩乇亘賴 毓丕胤賮蹖 丕夭 毓卮賯 賳丿丕乇賳丿貙 噩卮賳 賳賲蹖 诏蹖乇賳丿 賵 卮丕丿蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賵 丌乇賲丕賳卮賴乇蹖 丌乇丕賲 丕賲丕 鬲丕 丨丿賵丿蹖 爻乇丿 亘丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 賴賵蹖鬲 賵 鬲賳賵毓 賮乇丿蹖 丕蹖噩丕丿 賳賲賵丿賴 丕賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 噩丕賲毓賴 丌乇賲丕賳鈥屫促囏臂屫� 丕蹖丿賴鈥屫①� 蹖毓賳蹖 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 毓賯賱 亘乇 賴賲賴 趩蹖夭 丨讴賲乇丕賳蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 蹖毓賳蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 丕爻亘鈥屬囏� 亘乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 ( 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 賵丨卮蹖貙 倬卮賲丕賱賵貙 亘丿賵蹖 賵 丨蹖賵丕賳鈥屬呚з嗁嗀�). 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賳賲 賴丕 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丕賵賱蹖賴 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丿乇 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 乇丕 禺賵丕乇 卮賲乇丿賴 賵 诏乇丕蹖卮 亘賴 亘乇鬲乇蹖 賵 爻賱胤賴 丿丕乇賳丿. 丌賳賴丕 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賴 賮乇丿蹖 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 丕夭 賴賳噩丕乇 噩賲毓蹖 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿 賵 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴乇丿賴 蹖丕 賴乇 趩蹖夭蹖 乇丕 讴賴 亘丕 丕蹖丿賴 丌賱 賮乇賴賳诏 賵 毓賯賱 丌賳賴丕 賲胤丕亘賯鬲 賳丿丕乇丿 乇丿 讴賳丿貙 禺胤乇賳丕讴 卮賲乇丿賴 賵 賳丕亘賵丿 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀�. 禺蹖乇禺賵丕賴蹖 賵 丿賵爻鬲蹖 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 丕蹖卮丕賳 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 賳賵毓 禺賵丿 賲丨賮賵馗 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕蹖丿賴 丕氐賱蹖 丕爻鬲毓賲丕乇 乇丕 鬲噩爻賲 賲蹖 亘禺卮丿. 诏丕賱蹖賵乇貙 噩丕賲毓賴 賴賵蹖賴賳賴賲 賴丕 乇丕 丕蹖丿賴 丌賱 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 亘丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賳 乇蹖丕讴丕乇蹖 賵 禺賵丿卮蹖賮鬲诏蹖 卮丕賳貙 爻毓蹖 丿丕乇丿 丿乇 噩丕賲毓賴 丌賳賴丕 丕丿睾丕賲 卮賵丿. 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 丿賱蹖賱 爻毓蹖 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丕夭 賴賵蹖鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丕賵 乇丕 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丿爻鬲 亘讴卮丿 賵 丕夭 卮亘丕賴鬲 禺賵丿 亘丕 蹖丕賴賵賴丕 卮乇賲賳丿賴 丕爻鬲. 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮貙 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賳賯丿 爻賵蹖蹖賮鬲 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳蹖鬲 丕爻鬲貨 賵蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 丕诏乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕夭 毓賯賱 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 賮丕氐賱賴 亘诏蹖乇丿貙 趩蹖夭蹖 噩夭 蹖讴 賲賵噩賵丿 倬爻鬲 賵 賳丕亘賴賳噩丕乇 亘丕賯蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屬呚з嗀�.
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丨乇賮 丌禺乇:
賲賳 賮丕蹖賱 氐賵鬲蹖 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 噩匕丕亘 乇賵 賴丿蹖賴 诏乇賮鬲賲 讴賴 卮賳蹖丿賳/禺賵賳丿賳卮 乇賵 亘乇丕賲 丿賵亘乇丕亘乇 賱匕鬲 亘禺卮 鬲乇 讴乇丿馃槏鈽猴笍鉂わ笍
禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 乇賵 賴賲 禺蹖賱蹖 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 賲賲讴賳賴 诏丕賴蹖 亘禺丕胤乇 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 蹖丕 亘蹖卮 丕夭 丨丿 賳賲丕丿蹖賳 賵 丕爻鬲毓賲丕乇蹖 亘賵丿賳卮 禺爻鬲賴 讴賳賳丿賴 亘卮賴貙 丕賲丕 亘丕夭 賴賲 丕乇夭卮 禺賵賳丿賳 丿丕乇賴 賵 噩夭賵 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 讴賱丕爻蹖讴 賴丕蹖蹖賴 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 爻乇丕睾卮賵賳 亘乇蹖丿. 丿乇賵丕賯毓 亘賴 丕蹖賳 禺丕胤乇 讴賴 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 丕孬乇蹖 賮乇丕鬲乇 丕夭 夭賲丕賳 禺賵丿卮 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 賳賴鈥屫嗁囏� 禺賵丕賳賳丿诏丕賳卮 丿乇 賯乇賳 賴噩丿賴賲 乇賵 爻乇诏乇賲 賲蹖鈥屭┴必囏� 亘賱讴賴 賴噩賵蹖 亘乇 賵囟毓蹖鬲 噩丕賲毓賴貙 賵 丨鬲蹖 爻賮乇賳丕賲賴 賴丕蹖 賲丕噩乇丕噩賵蹖丕賳賴 丕賵賳 丿賵乇賴 賴賲 亘賵丿賴. 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴 鬲兀孬蹖乇 毓賲蹖賯 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳 亘乇 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲貙 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 丨鬲蹖 毓賱賵賲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 爻蹖丕爻蹖 睾蹖乇賯丕亘賱 丕賳讴丕乇賴. 丕蹖賳 乇賲丕賳貙 亘賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 亘毓丿蹖 賳卮賵賳 丿丕丿 讴賴 趩胤賵乇 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 丕夭 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲 亘賴鈥屫官嗁堌з� 丕亘夭丕乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賳賯丿 賵 亘丕夭鬲丕亘 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 鬲賮讴乇丕鬲 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳賳 賵 丕夭 鬲禺蹖賱 亘乇丕蹖 讴卮賮 賵 賮賴賲 賲毓賳丕 賵 丨賯蹖賯鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴乇賴 亘亘乇賳.
亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 丕诏賴 賴賳賵夭 讴鬲丕亘 亘毓丿蹖 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵賳丿賳 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 賳讴乇丿蹖丿貙. 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲賳 亘賴鬲賵賳 爻賮乇賴丕蹖 诏丕賱蹖賵乇 賴爻鬲卮 :)
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