Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges Acevedo was an Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator regarded as a key figure in Spanish-language and international literature. His best-known works, Ficciones (transl.鈥塅ictions) and El Aleph (transl.鈥塗he Aleph), published in the 1940s, are collections of short stories exploring motifs such as dreams, labyrinths, chance, infinity, archives, mirrors, fictional writers and mythology. Borges's works have contributed to philosophical literature and the fantasy genre, and have had a major influence on the magic realist movement in 20th century Latin American literature. Born in Buenos Aires, Borges later moved with his family to Switzerland in 1914, where he studied at the Coll猫ge de Gen猫ve. The family travelled widely in Europe, including Spain. On his return to Argentina in 1921, Borges began publishing his poems and essays in surrealist literary journals. He also worked as a librarian and public lecturer. In 1955, he was appointed director of the National Public Library and professor of English Literature at the University of Buenos Aires. He became completely blind by the age of 55. Scholars have suggested that his progressive blindness helped him to create innovative literary symbols through imagination. By the 1960s, his work was translated and published widely in the United States and Europe. Borges himself was fluent in several languages. In 1961, he came to international attention when he received the first Formentor Prize, which he shared with Samuel Beckett. In 1971, he won the Jerusalem Prize. His international reputation was consolidated in the 1960s, aided by the growing number of English translations, the Latin American Boom, and by the success of Gabriel Garc铆a M谩rquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude. He dedicated his final work, The Conspirators, to the city of Geneva, Switzerland. Writer and essayist J.M. Coetzee said of him: "He, more than anyone, renovated the language of fiction and thus opened the way to a remarkable generation of Spanish-American novelists."
鈥嶮anual De Zoolog铆a Fant谩stica = The Book of Imaginary Beings, Jorge Luis Borges
Book of Imaginary Beings was written by Jorge Luis Borges, with Margarita Guerrero, and published in 1957, under the original Spanish title Manual de zoolog铆a fant谩stica.
Contains descriptions of 120 mythical beasts from folklore and literature.
This unique contribution to fantasy literature ranges widely across the world's mythologies and literature's to bring together in one delightful encyclopedia the fantastical inventions drawn from the Kabbalah, Homer, Pliny, Confucius, Shakespeare, Lewis Carroll, and C.S. Lewis, among others.
The readers will find the familiar and expected Dragons and Centaurs, Unicorns and Gnomes, as well as the less familiar and altogether unexpected Animals That Live in the Mirror, The Elephant That Prefigured the Birth of Buddha, the Hairy Beast of La Fert茅-Bernard, and other undeniably curious creatures. Throughout, Borges's cunning and humorous commentary is sheer delight.
Borges a cules din surse foarte diferite 120 de fiin葲e imaginare - at卯tea num膬r膬 colec葲ia final膬. La cea dint卯i versiune (1957) a bestiarului a fost ajutat de Margarita Guerrero, o dansatoare cu fantezii ocultiste. Borges orbise complet 葯i avea nevoie de bun膬voin葲a prietenilor, pentru a completa bibliografia.
Autorul principal nu a controlat doar enciclopediile din Antichitate (Ovidiu, Pliniu, Seneca etc.) 葯i bestiarele medievale, a folosit 葯i scrieri relativ recente. Astfel, a identificat creaturi fantastice 卯n operele lui Edgar Allan Poe, Lewis Carroll, Franz Kafka, C. S. Lewis, H. G. Wells. Cele mai cunoscute creaturi s卯nt, desigur, humbaba (din Epopeea lui Ghilgame葯), minotaurul, Sfinxul, pas膬rea Phoenix, unicornul, dragonii (卯n versiune chinez膬 sau occidental膬, dragonii din Romanele Mesei Rotunde, s膬 zicem), Golemul (ilustrat 葯i de Gustav Meyrink 卯ntr-un roman celebru). S膬 nu uit, exist膬 葯i un Phoenix chinezesc. Borges semnaleaz膬 sursa mitologic膬 a fiec膬rei entit膬葲i 葯i apoi 卯i dezv膬luie evolu葲ia istoric膬 de la un autor la altul. 脦n Cartea fiin葲elor imaginare, g膬sim 葯i f膬pturile care au b卯ntuit imagina葲ia modern膬: elfi, gnomi, z卯ne, satiri, nimfe. Pe mine m-a obsedat dintotdeauna 鈥瀎auna din oglinzi鈥�...
Putem citi 葯i descrieri oarecum surprinz膬toare. M膬 g卯ndesc la panter膬 葯i pelican (dar a葯 putea ad膬uga 葯i lynx-ul), fiin葲e care au primit atribute bizare 卯n scrierile din Evul Mediu. Pantera, de pild膬, are o voce bl卯nd膬 葯i un miros 卯mbietor (葯tim asta 葯i de la Dante).
Borges se m膬rgine葯te s膬 rescrie textele vechi 葯i nu inventeaz膬 fiin葲e 鈥瀙ersonale鈥�. O astfel de carte, precizeaz膬 autorii, cere o lectur膬 pe s膬rite. Cititorul are dreptul de a ignora fiin葲ele care nu-i plac. Sau pe cele care-l bag膬 卯n sperie葲i...
Fiin葲ele imaginare au nume pe m膬sur膬. C卯teva exemple:
- A Bao A Qu - Bahamut - Burak - Fastitocalon - Ichthyocentaur - Kujata - Simurgh - Youwarkee - Zaratan
P. S. C卯nd a descris c膬l膬toria lui Baudolino 卯n 葰ara preotului Ioan, Umberto Eco a aruncat, cu siguran葲膬, m膬car o privire 葯i 卯n antologia lui Jorge Luis Borges. (8 aprilie 2022, vineri)
A fascinating compendium of incredible beasts from world mythology, folklore and fiction. The entries are generally from one to three pages in length. There are illustrations, too, by one Peter S铆s; stylish intaglio etchings. The format is that of an encyclopedia with the entries in alphabetical order. My favorite entries include the "Banshees," "The Celestial Cock," "The Chinese Dragon," "The Western Dragon," "The Hydra," "Lilith," "The Golem," "The Unicorn," "The Chinese Unicorn," etc. etc.
This is a wonderful testment to the extraordinary breadth of Borges's reading, for which he was famous, as well his exquisite use of that hoary utility, the research library. You may recall that Borges was rewarded by the subsequent Aramburu r茅gime with the directorship of the National Library in Buenos Aires for his public stance against Peron. I think his named collaborator here, Margarita Guerrero, was a researcher at that institution.
Borges pores through the entire history of the written word from onward to collect his examples. There's a passage from Robert Grave's translation of the to illustrate the entry of the "Basilisk." We also find ourselves dipping into the , the Old and New Testaments, Burton's , the , the other Burton's translation of , Thomas Brown's , as well as works by , , , , , , , , , , and any number of Chinese and Indian and Arab writers.
One note of caution. I went into this with my usual raging thirst for Borgesian narrative. The book in fact provides very little of that. What it offers in excess is a fascinating peek at Borges's astonishing erudition. Highly recommended.
Though this is yet another one of those books made superfluous by the internet (seriously - if you want to know the specifics of a manticore, would you use google or look it up in a book?), it's a lovely and intriguing little volume to use for perusing, AND, as a reference. Borges provides alphabetical descriptions of both biblical beasts, and mythological monsters, with a few literary creatures dumped in, as well.
Most interesting to me was the tale of The Squonk. Though I've lived in Pennsylvania all my life, his account is the first I've heard of the wart-covered, unhappy critter that is rumored to stalk the hemlock forests of my state. This character can literally dissolve into tears:
Mr. J.P. Wentling . . . had a disappointing experience with a Squonk near Mont Alto. He made a clever capture by mimicking the Squonk and inducing it to hop into a sack, in which he was carrying it home, when suddenly the burden lightened and the weeping ceased. Wentling unslung the sack and looked in. There was nothing but tears and bubbles.
Part of me wants to argue that if someone has claimed to have photographed, and/or captured a beast, it is not an imaginary being, but instead, a cryptid . . . but that would be splitting hairs.
This version includes not nearly enough illustrations by the wonderful .
Otra prueba inequ铆voca del poder erudito y sabidur铆a eterna que pose铆a Jorge Luis Borges. Un completo y detallado 鈥淏estiario鈥�, en el que el Maestro enumera la gran cantidad de seres mitol贸gicos y fant谩sticos que pueblan las religiones, las tradiciones y la literatura oriental y occidental. Todas las mitolog铆as (griega, latina, escandinava, china, japonesa, americana, hind煤, eslava, anglosajona e ind铆gena) aportan sus propios seres imaginarios a este vol煤men. En lo referente a la literatura, hay casos claros y ejemplificadores que pasan por la vasta imaginaci贸n y los pasajes m谩s on铆ricos surgidos de la pluma de autores como Franz Kafka, Dante Alighieri, Gustave Flaubert, Edgar Allan Poe y C.S. Lewis, por nombrar algunos. Los seres que m谩s rescato durante la lectura de este fant谩stico libro son la Hidra de Lerna, la Salamandra, el Grifo, la Quimera, las Arp铆as, Escila, los S谩tiros, el Unicornio, los distintos tipos de Dragones, las Valquirias, las Ninfas, el Minotauro, Lilith, el Golem, la Mandr谩gora, el Kraken, el Gato de Cheshire, el Ave F茅nix, el Cancerbero, el Behemot, el Bas铆lico, el Ave F茅nix, el Centauro, las Hadas y los Gnomos, entre otros. S铆, damas y caballeros: Borges recopil贸 todo este bestiario mucho antes de que hordas de j贸venes lectores descubrieran nuevos seres imaginarios creados por notables autores como J.R.R. Tolkien o George R.R. Martin.
Here's the 1970 E.P. Dutton & Co. hardcover I have (3rd printing, 256 pages), which isn't listed here on 欧宝娱乐. I see others have their copies tagged as "illustrated," though mine's not, unfortunately.
I can't say I'm surprised by the fact that it's so highly acclaimed. That said, I can't say I found much interest in it, either. Truth is, it kind of made the already long hours of the night shift at work a tiny bit longer. All in all, The Book of Imaginary Beings is an admittedly big literary achievement that simply didn't touch me. Shit happens, I guess.
While not as intricately surreal or consistently striking as his short stories鈥攏or as illuminating and erudite as his literary criticisms and commentary鈥攏or yet as mellifluous and mystical as his archly arcane poetry鈥擩orge Luis Borges鈥檚 Book of Imaginary Beings is something entirely its own: an encyclop忙dia of imagination let loose; an encomium of the otherworldly; a wacky wax museum of phantasmagoria and a carnival collection of grotesqueries; a madcap compendium of sheer, uncanny creation. It is both extraordinarily entertaining and鈥攂ecause this is Borges, after all鈥攄elightfully eclectic, too.
The lushly drawn pages of Imaginary Beings are populated by a multifarious menagerie of miscellaneous monsters, critters, creatures, beasts, and all manner of other sundry megafauna lifted from mythology, theology, folklore, and myriad archaic oral traditions of ancient fireside yarn-spinnings. 鈥楬ere there be dragons鈥欌€攜es鈥攂ut also hordes and thickets of other beasts, be they of land, water, air or fire. And although many of these will be familiar to most readers (the Dragon, Sphinx, and Basilisk, the three-headed hellhound Cerberus), one of the things that makes this book so enjoyable is that even the familiar entries are accompanied by the kind of fascinatingly esoteric interpolations that only a mind as nimble and omnivorous as Borges鈥檚 could provide: strange and uncanny origin stories that delve back into the mists of time; oddly archaic etymologies; disparate cultural roots鈥攁nd again, because this is Borges鈥攐bscure references to previously unheard-of authors (for me these included鈥攁mongst many others鈥擨sidore of Seville, and Konrad von Gesner; and part of the fun was tracking down the referenced works to see whether they鈥檙e actually 鈥渞eal,鈥� or mere Borgesian red-herrings*), as well as many others whom you鈥榣l likely have heard of, though maybe not have been aware that they contributed to the mythological canon of such-and-such a creature (eg Livy, St. Augustine, Sir Richard Burton, Carl Jung, etcetera).
*in Imaginary Beings, in contrast to much of Borges鈥檚 short fiction, the references do seem to be genuine. But, as I haven鈥檛 yet checked out every reference, who knows鈥攎aybe he smuggled some real red herrings in after all??
There will also undoubtedly be many creatures with which you鈥檙e entirely unfamiliar: the A Bao A Qu, the Kami, the Amphisb忙na, the Garuda (though not if you鈥檝e read Mi茅ville鈥檚 Perdido Street Station, of course), the Lamed Wufniks (one of my favorites!), the Squonk (which is also known by its Latin name, lacrimacorpus dissolvens - who knew?), the Youwarkee, and many, many more. (For Gene Wolfe fan鈥檚, there are also entries on the Baldanders and the Talos!)
Imaginary Beings can be read front to back, in alphabetical order, or you can hop around, reading what you find most interesting first and then moving outwards to explore the rest (in the foreword Borges writes, 鈥渙ur wish would be that the curious dip into it from time to time in much the way one visits the changing forms revealed by the kaleidoscope鈥�). I skipped around a bit at first and then read it straight through, finding it an incredibly fun and fascinating read. It鈥檚 one of those books that you know you鈥檒l want to jump back into frequently, just to have a look around, reread and rediscover.
The imaginary beings included are given anywhere from a couple paragraphs to a couple pages of explanation, historical and literary references, etc., by Borges, and a few of the beings are also accompanied by illustrations.
Which brings me to my only complaint about this book (or rather, this edition of this book), and it isn鈥檛 anything to do with Borges, but with the so-called 鈥渄eluxe鈥� edition I got (published by Penguin Classics). I bought this edition specifically because I thought there would be more and better (and more deluxe!) illustrations than in other, non-鈥渄eluxe鈥� editions. Alas, the pictures included (by artist Peter S铆s) appear infrequently, with maybe one illustration for every ten or more entries, and are disappointingly bland鈥攚hich seems especially odd given that Borges in particular is a writer whom I would expect to be paired with intricate, bold and baroque artwork, to match the style of his writing. Instead what you get is a smattering of lumpen creatures abstracted to the point of being lifeless and unexciting鈥攖he opposite of what you鈥檇 want or anticipate in an otherwise splendid book which describes many of the most fantastical creatures the human mind has ever conjured.
Still, I鈥檓 definitely happy I bought it. Sure, if I had a mulligan I鈥檇 spring for a different edition, but the important part of the book is the writing, and Borges, as ever, doesn鈥檛 disappoint. It鈥檚 a crazily eclectic compendium that I know I鈥檒l be exploring and re-exploring for years to come (and though my son is a little too old and too cool for it at the moment, I鈥檝e got plenty of nieces and nephews who are just the right age!)
4.5 out of 5 stars, rounded down to 4 for too few (and, in my opinion, not very good) illustrations. A terrific read!
Borges explains at the beginning that the book is not intended to be read through, but opened at random and skimmed. Well, I read it through, and I don't regret it. But that's because I'm interested by very unusual things. Borges has here compiled from what is essentially a set of utterly trivial facts something with meaning. His selection is bizarre, pretty and humorous, and he describes each beast with great variation in tone. The reason for each voice only becomes clear after several beasts are examined. The optimal reading circumstances appear to be a small group of people intimately familiar with the work of Borges reading aloud to each other and chuckling knowingly at each other. But it's still awesome. You should keep it on a shelf nearby, and open it when wondering what doesn't exist.
A magical blend of fun and seriousness - entries alphabetized (sort of), with footnotes and a bibliography of sources. Some very thoughtful prose about how people over the centuries have used magical beings to make sense of the mysteries of the world around them or just imagine other life possibilities.
Two of my favorite passages:
Of the Lamed Wufniks: On the earth there are, and have always been, 36 just men whose mission is to justify the world to God.... These men do not know each other, and they are very poor..:. These men are, without suspecting it, the secret pillars of the universe. If not for them, God would annihilate the human race. They are our saviors, and they do not know it.
Of the Perytion: ...inhabits the island of Atlantis, and is a creature half stag, half bird... The most astonishing feature of this beast is that when struck by the rays of the sun, the shadow it throws upon the ground is not that of its own figure, but rather that of a human being... some have concluded that the Perytions are the souls of men who died far from the protection of the gods.
This has all the charm of Borges compiling a specific list in encyclopedic format 鈥� which I suppose is exactly what it is. For anyone who grew up reading fairy tales and myths, perhaps having had these stories read to them at night, this will be a treat. Even if this was not the case, it wouldn鈥檛 hurt to dig through this list. I keep saying list because it鈥檚 not a novel, nor is it a series of short stories. There are lots of entries that show the fabulous and imaginary creatures that the myths of a variety of cultures showcase. My favourite entries were:
-Two Metaphysical Animals -The Three-Legged Ass -The Simurgh
I really don't know how JLB makes such exciting topic sound so boring.
Let's take Scylla as an example. She is one of the weirdest monsters--a girl with the heads of six barking dogs coming from her waist. The story behind her transformation (from Ovid's ) is equally twisted -- a guy named Glaucus falls in love with Scylla (lovely girl at this point), she scorns him. Desperate, he seeks help from Circe, the sorceress. (He is probably hoping for some love potion to change Scylla's mind.) To his surprise, Circe falls for him and puts down Scylla. And even though Glaucus says no, Circe goes ahead and poisons the water Scylla likes to bathe in. She only sank her body halfway when the dog heads grew out of her loins! Wild. Ovid's story stimulates emotions and marvels us.
JLB makes this story, as well as 100+ others, unbearably boring, just piles of exotic knowledge. If you are interested in these fantastic creatures, read Homer, Ovid, and various world mythologies. You'll enjoy the reading much more.
This book is great! Unlike Rowling's Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them or Holly Black's Arthur Spiderwick's Guide to the Fantastical World Around You, which provide authoritative portraits of magical creatures in a particular fantasy world, The Book of Imaginary Beings compiles interesting stories and details about a diverse array of imagined beasts, drawing from both Western and Eastern mythologies. Borges's aim is not simply to delight his readers with whimsical stories couched in a satirical tone--though he manages this quite well--but to ascertain the true purpose of these beings in humanity's collective consciousness.
"We do not know what the dragon means," Borges writes in the Introduction, "just as we do not know the meaning of the universe, but there is something in the image of a dragon that is congenial to man's imagination, and thus the dragon arises in many latitudes and ages. It is, one might say, a necessary monster...."
This gets to the heart of what fascinates every fantasy lover or typologist. What are our profound hopes; our neurotic fears? What force drives us to tell the same stories over and over, resurrecting our favorite characters and their villains again and again?
Keep this noble cause in mind as you skim this book, and it will help you get through the drier bits. Not every entry sparkles with Borges's wit. Some unfamiliar creatures, like the A Bao A Qu or Animals That Live in the Mirror, are a joy to meet, while others could have remained obscure.
Read it before bed, and be sure to remember your dreams.
Excepcional recopilaci贸n, fantas铆a pura. El drag贸n, el unicornio, el f茅nix y muchos otros, como criaturas imaginadas por Kafka o Lewis Carroll son descritas con un prisma diferente. Tambi茅n editado con el nombre de Manual de zoolog铆a fant谩stica 驴Compararlo con Animales fant谩sticos y d贸nde encontrarlos de la saga de Harry Potter? Bitch, please.
Although fond of Borges's writing, I probably wouldn't ever have thought of reading this book were it not for the friend who enthusiastically lent me his copy.
The Book Of Imaginary Beings is an encyclopaedic collection of fictions, presenting an inexhaustive set of 116 alphabetically-organised entries on fantastic, phantasmagoric creatures from around the world鈥攆rom Chinese, Greek, and Norse mythology and Hindustani folklore to the annals of Pliny and the writings of C.S. Lewis, H.G. Wells, and Franz Kafka. These entries read like erudite works from a reference library, for the authors go as far back as the Epic of Gilgamesh to look for subjects and meticulously cite their sources鈥攜et, because Borges is involved, one can assume that at least some of these are red herrings. "Real" fantasies or not, I was excited to read about such imaginary Beings as the Acheron, the Animals That Live In The Mirror, the Eloi and the Morlocks, Hochigan, the Ink Monkey, the Norns, and Thermal Beings (oh, the Thermal Beings!).
While Borges' style is usually somewhat esoteric, the translation in this edition felt particularly stiff to me, rendering some parts more dictionary than encyclopaedia. Peter S铆s' illustrations, too, were too few and ultimately unexceptional to add to the experience (like most mediocre illustrations, in fact, they seem to have taken something out of it instead, limiting the kind of imaginative play that would've otherwise been possible with Borges and Guerrero's words alone).
However, problems of this edition aside, there is immense value in this book, especially for those fond of fantasy and exotica鈥攐r just good old Borgesian wit. Because of its structure and subject, one can flip through it randomly and read at a relaxed pace, as one does with magazines. It may also, after all, serve as excellent reference material for anyone looking to write some fantastic literature of their own.
Um dicion谩rio de criaturas lend谩rias e mitol贸gicas - e de outras criadas por autores como Kafka, Wells, Flaubert - no qual Borges narra as suas origens e caracter铆sticas. N茫o desfrutei da leitura como esperava porque, al茅m de j谩 conhecer a maioria, n茫o me interessa muito o assunto.
Ne mogu ni da zamislim koliki je trud bio potreban da bi se napisala ova naizgled maju拧na knjiga. Jedino mi je 啪ao 拧to svako Borhesovo bi膰e nije ispra膰eno ilustracijama Bojane Stojanovi膰.
Reading this again because I'm in the middle of translating it, and it's still as beautiful as ever. The creatures described in this book have been a major influence on all my horror work.