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乇爻丕卅賱 賲賳 兀毓賲丕賯 丕賱兀乇囟

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Dostoevsky鈥檚 most revolutionary novel, Notes from Underground marks the dividing line between nineteenth- and twentieth-century fiction, and between the visions of self each century embodied. One of the most remarkable characters in literature, the unnamed narrator is a former official who has defiantly withdrawn into an underground existence. In full retreat from society, he scrawls a passionate, obsessive, self-contradictory narrative that serves as a devastating attack on social utopianism and an assertion of man鈥檚 essentially irrational nature.

Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, whose Dostoevsky translations have become the standard, give us a brilliantly faithful edition of this classic novel, conveying all the tragedy and tormented comedy of the original.

237 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1864

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About the author

Fyodor Dostoevsky

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肖褢写芯褉 袦懈褏邪泄谢芯胁懈褔 袛芯褋褌芯械胁褋泻懈泄 (Russian)

Works, such as the novels Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880), of Russian writer Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky or Dostoevski combine religious mysticism with profound psychological insight.

Very influential writings of Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin included Problems of Dostoyevsky's Works (1929),

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky composed short stories, essays, and journals. His literature explores humans in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century and engages with a variety of philosophies and themes. People most acclaimed his Demons(1872) .

Many literary critics rate him of the greatest of world literature and consider multiple highly influential masterpieces. They consider his Notes from Underground of the first existentialist literature. He also well acts as a philosopher and theologian.

(Russian: 肖褢写芯褉 袦懈褏邪泄谢芯胁懈褔 袛芯褋褌芯械胁褋泻懈泄) (see also Fiodor Dosto茂evski)

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Profile Image for Ben.
74 reviews1,056 followers
March 4, 2009
More than anything, this book should make you think. And not about trivial shit either, but about big, important conditions of life and how best to view and react to them. I have "should" italicized in that first sentence for a reason: If you don't give yourself time to think -- if just skim through the book quickly -- then you won't get anything out of it.

It's narrated by a guy living underground, in poverty. You are reading his notes. The first half, his ramblings, thoughts and philosophies of life, via monologue. The second half, humiliating stories from when he was 24 (he is now 40). He is a fascinating character. A paranoid, ridiculous, introspective, analytical, abrasive, laughable, vengeful, antisocial, extreme, hypersensitive, pathological, delicate, hilarious, bottom-dwelling, pathetic, indecisive, crazy, loner of a man. He is an educated and intelligent man.

Both his thoughts and actions are paradoxical. He is emotionally tough, then emotionally sensitive and fragile. He stands for great unequivocal moral virtue, then cowers further in his morally rotten state. At one moment he has what seems to be great conviction and inner strength. At the next moment, wavering doubt and uncertainty. He is an individual, unaffected by people, choosing to live by himself -- He is hypersensitive to what others think, to the point of being paranoid. He lives in great poverty; he has manic spurts, dreams, and visions of megalomania. You want to feel sorry for him, because he's pitiful and full of pain. You want to hate him, because he is hateful and a burden on humanity. He is a contrarian against everything, even himself.

As previously mentioned, the beauty of this novel comes from the many various thoughts it can give birth to. It doesn't offer any easy answers or an obvious paradigm. There are no gifts in this book. New thoughts must be earned, but the opportunities are plenty. Below I鈥檝e listed out some of the random-ass thoughts I had while reading, just to give you an idea of what I鈥檓 talking about. Those of you who read the book will probably disagree with some of them, and trust me, I don鈥檛 claim to be good with literary analysis, so you could probably convince me against some鈥� after all they鈥檙e just thoughts. And don鈥檛 feel like you need to read them; maybe one or two to get the main 迟丑颈苍办颈苍鈥� point:


- The narrator is an angry man with strongly violent speech, reveries, and threats. Yet we never see him act in violence. Is he, or is he not, physically dangerous?

- What a shame it is that someone who has the capability of making great impact -- such as this man -- ends up being so insignificant. If anything, the world would be a better place without this guy. He uses his intelligence and intuition in all the wrong ways, bringing others down, including himself (or often, just himself) through his actions.

- Our underground man wavered too much. He had trouble making up his mind and once having made a decision, he'd change it. In regards to making difficult decisions, Yogi Berra once said, "When you come to the fork in the road, take it!" Sometimes, most -- or even all -- of the options available are better than not taking any, or changing your mind midway through. Our narrator even wavered or made stupid decisions when faced with simple situations 鈥� common sense scenarios that 99% of the population would respond to in a better fashion than the ridiculous, silly ways that he did. How can such a smart man be such a poor decision maker?

- I wonder how successful would he would be if his chemical imbalance where fixed (I guess it would have to be through pills) and he saw a good shrink. I wonder how much of his inner turmoil and unhappiness is caused by not being chemically stable. I wonder how much of his pathological condition is 鈥渇ixable".

- He seems to be incapable of love, and even says so. Yet, he shows dashes of deep understanding of it, and so you think he can't be right about that (himself not being able to love)鈥� but, wouldn't he know? Is he bullshitting? Maybe he鈥檚 serious, but just wrong about himself: perhaps he's capable of love but hasn鈥檛 yet, perhaps because nobody has ever loved him. He seems to want to love at times, but then he'll completely shun it: glorifying it at one moment and then spitting upon it the next. Could he have opened his heart to the innocent whore that he meets? Given their compliments in character, could they have provided one another with support, understanding, and love, had he just given it a chance? Or, perhaps he doesn't need those things -- ultimately he retreats from such opportunities and returns to his spite. Are things like support, human understanding, and love things that we all need? Maybe if he would just open up once, he would get the love he needs and change into a much better person in all aspects of his life.

- At one point in the book, our narrator states, "she is the cause of it all." Perhaps this one quote sums up a large portion of his problem: Instead of taking life by the horns and making the most of it, he's bitter and blames other people for his problems. He needs to take charge of the things he can control, instead of freezing himself with contempt.

- In the second half of the book the narrator seems to be completely honest about his ridiculous past actions, and his various shortcomings. There's something to be said for that kind of honesty. It goes hand-in-hand with his anti-social, anti-establishment persona. He doesn't feel a need to present himself as more acceptable to society than he really is (which is to say, not at all). I like this about him.

- If the narrator didn鈥檛 live in such poverty, could he gave gotten himself out of his figurative hole? If he had the basic necessities, would he have then had the level of conformability needed to start improving himself? If so, would he he then chose to improve himself?

- He states, 鈥渢he most intense pleasures occur in despair鈥� Is he actually enjoying his situation? Oh man, there are just so many ways to look at that鈥�. That sentence alone describes the paradox of this book in so many ways. Go ahead, think about it some..
- This guy is a great example of how common sense and emotional stability are often more important than IQ. But he would probably make a semi-strong argument to the contrary.

- The stories of his foolishness (part 2 of the novel) took place 16 years before his writing about them. Was he wiser at the time of writing than he was when the actions took place? He articulates some recognition of shame and regret. Does he still behave ridiculously? We don鈥檛 have a strong idea of what his philosophies were 16 years ago (during part 2), and we don't know what his behavior was like at the time part 1 was written (at his "current" age of 40).

- "Real life oppressed me with its novel so much that I could hardly breathe.鈥� Is his problem that he鈥檚 too introspective? Is his heavily introspective nature a reason he's such a mess? Perhaps his problem is that he's just too analytical, too much of a thinker, too caught inside his own head. Perhaps he's not in touch with his feelings enough, and that by avoiding them, when they inevitably come out (to live is to feel), they are so foreign to him that he doesn't know how to deal with them.

- He is known as a great anti-hero. Perhaps one can learn how to live by not being like this guy. But he does have some positive qualities: he's introspective, and prone to the kind of independent, critical analysis that leads to innovation. A great hero wouldn鈥檛 necessarily be the opposite of this guy鈥� or would he? And what constitutes a "hero" anyway?


And so you see, after reading this, I feel a bit like the narrator: conflicting, contrary and paradoxical thoughts running in different directions, often without conclusions. It's frustrating, but there's an energizing element to taking on such thoughts. These listed contemplations probably differ from yours, but that's part of what makes this novel of paradox so good. Despite it being short, it's the kind of book I could read over and over again and still find it thought provoking and satisfying each time.

Society is persistent about filling our brains with the largely mindless: celebrity gossip, mtv, the newest trends, sitcoms, etc. -- hell just look around, examples are everywhere. Good books can bring us to our thinking place, which puts us in an opposite state. Getting to the thinking place, and staying there for a while, is not easy. It takes effort, but it's rewarding. The thinking place is were we grow as individuals and as a society.

This book can take you to your thinking place.

Profile Image for Nataliya.
935 reviews15.3k followers
April 25, 2023
Imagine 19th century Russian literature as a loud boisterous party. Here's Pushkin, basking in the center of attention, charming up all the ladies. Here are Chekhov and Gogol at the heart of a passionate intellectual argument. Here's Count Tolstoy, busily serving canap茅s while rejoicing in the pleasure of work, stopping only to chat about the pleasures of countryside with Turgenev.

But where's Dostoyevsky? Oh, there he is, sitting by himself in a dark corner, dead broke after a high-stakes cards game, giving you the unsettling intense heavy glare that easily penetrates right into the darkest best-guarded secrets of your soul, the glare that clearly says 'been there, done that, been repulsed by what I saw.' And if he looks like he's judging you, it's because he is. And you deserve it, probably.

Fyodor Mikhailovich, you don't make liking you easy, do you?


----------

This book is brilliant. Unpleasant and hard to read, disturbing and unsettling, and really brilliant. But before I go into my long-winded discussion, let me get this off my chest, for the honesty purposes and full disclosure:
I finally can admit - I don't "get" Dostoyevsky. Perhaps my mind is a tad too shallow for his literary depths; perhaps my inner ball of sunshine deep deep inside refuses to see the world through Dostoyevsky's disillusioned glare.

But I don't need to "get" him to know the greatness when I see it, to respect his sharp writing, his keenly observant eye that does not let anything slip away, and his scarily clear perceptions of people and the layers in which they dress up their otherwise petty and pathetic selves.
In this short and strange book, Dostoyevsky manages to create perhaps the most disturbing image of a human being in the entire 19th century literature. Let me jot down just a few of the epithets that came pouring into my head with every page I read: petty, bitter, miserly, resentful, selfish, pitiful, entitled, cruel, deeply unpleasant and frankly miserable. The person who finds disgusting satisfaction in little acts of petty nastiness. The person who perversely enjoys stewing in self-imposed misery and figurative self-flagellation over every perceived slight, building exquisite mountains out of molehills. The person who would thrive on humiliating others, but if unable to achieve that would just as happily thrive on self-humiliation and self-loathing. The person who in the confines of his little mind hides a true despot, but gets his sense of self-worth by assuming that everyone else is beneath his miserable but clearly enlightened and misunderstood self - despite the world pointing to the contrary. The person who'd quietly spit into your bowl if you haven't offered to share it with him - and then will internally torment himself for years over the act, feeling that the act of torment is enough to elevate him out of the mud.
The person who, in ramblings about how rotten society is helps it rot a little bit more.

In short, he created a character the sheer mention of whom makes me want to take a shower and wash all of the above off me.

He created a character that with all of the above scarily reminds you of so many people you know - and maybe sometimes even yourself.

And that's what really disturbing about it.




And this disturbing part is exactly what makes me from time to time abandon the fun bits of the Russian literature party and instead join Fyodor Mikhailovich in his dark gloomy corner for a minute or so. Because he makes me, unpleasant as it is, take a long critical look at myself, so that I can try to keep myself out of this "underground". Because he "gets" to me even if I don't quite "get" him.

Because it's not a story, it's a mirror, and you have to work hard to make it not be so.

I don't know how to rate this book. I did not enjoy it (how can you?) but it made a sizeable imprint on my soul. Stars are irrelevant here, so I'll randomly pick something. 4?

------
Written in Munich airport, stuck on an unscheduled 20hr layover, with almost no sleep and beginnings of jet lag.
Profile Image for Nate D.
1,633 reviews1,201 followers
April 6, 2015
1. Irritated by Underground Man.
2. Amused by Underground Man.
3. Sick of Underground Man.
4. Want to fly to St. Petersburg, travel back in time, and punch Underground Man right in the face.
5. Pity for Underground Man.
6. Horrified by Underground Man.
7. Further reading of Underground Man's monologue almost physically painful. I almost wanted to cover my eyes, but this would have posed problems for reading.
8. Glad to be free of the Underground Man, but glad to have known him, in the end.
Profile Image for karen.
4,012 reviews172k followers
June 14, 2018
oh, dear. this is not a character that it is healthy to relate to, is it?? he is a scootch more pathetic than me, and more articulate, but his pettinesses are mine; his misanthropy is mine, his contradictions and weaknesses... i have to go hide now, i feel dirty and exposed...

Profile Image for Fergus, Weaver of Autistic Webs.
1,267 reviews17.8k followers
May 14, 2025
As I burrowed anxiously into Fyodor Dostoevsky鈥檚 underground rant when I was eighteen, I was suddenly mushrooming in stature far beyond my pay scale.

How do you explain it to your senior year preppie-ish friends that you鈥檙e suddenly beyond them? You鈥檙e like Alice in the rabbit hole. I had been a bullied suburban kid, and now I was being harried by absurd abstractions.

And justifying it - by labelling it smart - but sotto voce, so no one heard me.

All my life, you see, my thoughts and emotions had had free reign over my headspace, simply because I suddenly thought they corresponded with those of some amazing writers.

In one fell stroke my thought thought itself out into a complete simplicity: and by the same stroke I was left far behind by the crowd, a disgrace. Bullies who had harassed me, now high school gridiron heroes, told me I had to get my act in gear. Why didn鈥檛 I get the picture?

Small town kids only thrive in their own small minds. For them, what you see is what you get. But they鈥檙e right, in a sense, except they all wanted more, too.

They wanted a BIG slice of the Pie.

And I had another 50 years to live before I鈥檇 see that. In the meantime I鈥檇 be just like Auden鈥檚 ambitious kid who one day, for the first time, 鈥渟aw his (enormous) shadow - and ran.鈥�

And running from your shadow is in fact becoming a REAL Underground Man.

Once a real grownup sees you鈥檙e doing it, you鈥檙e Royally Snookered. And you鈥檙e really underground. As Hesse said, you鈥檙e now Beneath the Wheel.

So you pay. As all pay, who aim too high.

But you know what?

If you pay that price as fully consciously and in the same way as you once thought you saw great men鈥檚 thoughts echoing your own, you may in fact pay it as a Conscious Sacrifice to a Greater Being.

A Being of ground-zero, true ethical substance.

The only hope of a secure foundation for our life. And the only release from our self-imposed separation within the common currency of craving.

For ONLY when our hopes have all been turned to dust, do we see.

That doesn鈥檛 seem like such a Great Leap to make when you鈥檙e reduced to Ground Level - that鈥檚 the beautiful irony of it.

For to the big shots, faith is a weak crutch - while to little schmoes like you and me, it鈥檚 a clear path to peace.

As the faith of the Russian Master who wrote this novella was for him.

For the writing about the Underground Man was just a pretense...

An excuse for him to reach out to pass the only available candle to ALL of us under-grounders:

Who have spent too long in the dark not to reach out ourselves - for the first glimmer of light in our grim lives -

The Light of true Being.
Profile Image for Lisa.
1,102 reviews3,298 followers
October 25, 2018
Bravo, Dostoyevsky! This is the perfect, absolutely accurate and universal portrait of the insecure, self-conscious egomaniac - pitiful and dangerous, on a negative quixotic rampage against himself, society and the laws of nature he despises but cannot change.

There are so many of these angry men (and women), and they don鈥檛 speak from the underground anymore. With modern technology, they have conquered the virtual world, spewing out their self-pity and hatred in long, inconsistent, frustrated tirades, contradicting themselves at each moment, without thinking.

鈥淚 am this or that 鈥� or no, wait, I was lying, 鈥� I am that or the other鈥� I am going to show them all, slap them in the face 鈥︹€�

Dostoyevsky鈥檚 misfit is far more eloquent than his modern alter egos, quite similar to authors like August Strindberg, darkly misanthropic and full of self-loathing, but with a sharp intellect and deep understanding of the world of the 19th century, which is undergoing deep and irreversible change.

The man from the underground is seriously shaken by the new scientific era, which he intellectually recognises, but hates because it leaves it to his own responsibility to define meaning in life. The new individual initiative which is required for success in the modern world is scary and diametrically opposed to the old structure, which gave him an unshakable place and aim:

鈥淲hat stone wall? Why of course, the laws of nature, the deductions of natural science, mathematics. As soon as they prove to you, for instance, that you are descended from a monkey, then it is no use scowling, accept it for a fact 鈥� [...] 鈥� for twice two is a law of mathematics. Just try refuting it.鈥�

It would take Orwellian dictatorship to put 2+2=4 in doubt again, but the man in the underground doesn鈥檛, as a rule, stick to his own advice, and he curses and rants against the laws he cannot change, claiming that will give him a distinctive identity:

鈥淗e will launch a curse upon the world, and as only man can curse (it is his privilege, the primary distinction between him and other animals), maybe by his curse alone he will attain his object - that is, convince himself that he is a man and not a piano-key!鈥�

He might of course just have proven that he is a piano-key that is capable of cursing, and he knows about the inconsistencies of his arguments. They follow him like a thread through all his interactions with other human beings.

He craves a distinguished position in society, but only manages to show superiority by humiliating and despising the company he seeks, and by subsequently falling into passionate remorse and emotional crisis. He can鈥檛 be part of a group on equal terms because he wants to rise above it intellectually while feeling inferior to it on a psychological level.

His relationship to women builds on the same oxymoron of romantic idealisation and disgust for reality. He despises women for giving the pleasure he craves. With the prostitute Liza, he has his final breakdown, losing all inhibitions and all sense of shame, pride and dignity. While seeing her helpless situation, her position as a victim of the patriarchal, sexually repressed and morally bigoted society, he still abhors the fact that she has been 鈥渦sed鈥� like an object by other men, and he can鈥檛 consider her a subject, an individual, a human with a future anymore, once she has been sexually active with other men.

This is so common, so universal, so deeply felt in most sexually repressive, patriarchal societies: men force women to be sexually dependent, either within marriage or outside it, and then they blame them for not being pure anymore. As if purity and chastity have to be virtues. Once that ancient oxymoron is erased from sexual and religious education, we might see some real change. Consent between grown-ups would be a good commandment for sexual behaviour, but it would seriously shake the foundation of many marriages. It would force many men to be considering ways beyond physical and societal power to attract and keep the devotion of a woman. That sounds like work, and like having to leave the egomaniac bubble. Our man from the underground wouldn鈥檛 be up to it. So he will fail, and continue to ensnare himself in a frustrating grey zone between desire and shame.

Just like natural laws stay natural laws, whether you like them or not, sexuality will be there, whether you can deal with it or not.

Our protagonist can鈥檛 obviously, like so many other young men brought up in a confused state of mind, with pride and honour as a guideline, and sexual repression and misogyny taught from early childhood, caught in a modern world that offers too many different lifestyles for them to be able to choose, and too few dogmatic guidelines to stick to. Being instinctively egomaniac, their antisocial behaviour falls flat in a group and in a democratic environment, and they compensate the vacuum in their mind with illogical, yet powerful rants!

Don鈥檛 underestimate the danger of the voices from the underground. Dostoyevsky masterfully depicts the scary profile of a lost person, overlooked and ridiculed for his deficiencies, yet with enough anger in his heart to lash out, seemingly randomly and spontaneously. We need to have pity, and show respect, and care for those young people caught between modernity and patriarchy, to open our arms and integrate them as best we can. We can鈥檛 afford to let them rant in shame and frustration. There must be a place for them to fill 鈥渙ver the ground鈥�, but they won鈥檛 take the first step to integrate - being emotionally too unstable.

Give those misfits a place at the table, and they won鈥檛 have to shout from the underground, they won鈥檛 have to insult women, they won鈥檛 have to engage in meaningless, yet deadly duels to save their face.

Give them a face. Like Dostoyevsky gave them a voice -from the underground.
Profile Image for Vit Babenco.
1,693 reviews5,221 followers
July 14, 2023
A novelette Notes from Underground is a conspicuous harbinger of existential novel.
It is like a warning to the future society of hypocritical and conforming featureless worms into which the world is gradually turning these days.
And now I am living out my life in my corner, taunting myself with the spiteful and utterly futile consolation that it is even impossible for an intelligent man seriously to become anything, and only fools become something. Yes, sir, an intelligent man of the nineteenth century must be and is morally obliged to be primarily a characterless being; and a man of character, an active figure 鈥� primarily a limited being.

A miserable rattrap turns into a confessional and the protagonist begins his confession to himself鈥� Or in the modern terms the space under the floorboards is a sort of couch and the wretched hero is both a patient and a psychoanalyst鈥�
This confession is a personal revolt but it is a rebellion of a bedbug against its aimless existence: a mutiny against those who have more to do than to suck blood鈥�
Profile Image for mark monday.
1,836 reviews6,049 followers
April 18, 2016
so I came across this guy at a party that I had known in college, many years ago. I remembered him clearly: that brilliant, pretentious guy with his stories and his sarcasm and his nihilism. our classmates mocked him and so did I, but I enjoyed him too. he was a funny fellow, entirely self-absorbed, smart and well-read and amusingly melodramatic in his comments about the world and his life; he wore his pathos blatantly, like some kind of robe or badge or shield. I always thought that was brave of him, that naked vulnerability so openly displayed. and here he was, many years later, pretty much the same guy except the years had not been so kind to him. we struck up a conversation and talked about the old days. he asked if I wanted to leave the party and go back to his place, do some drugs; I agreed.

his place was a dump but my place is little better (just cleaner). he had piles of books stacked everywhere (mine are kept neatly, in bookshelves). the place had a goaty smell, and a musty one too, smelling like dust and old food and socks and sweat and semen (I keep my windows wide open all the time to avoid those scents). we sat on his ratty couch, side by side, and began to do line after line. he talked and talked and talked. it was amusing at first; his spiteful and malicious commentary made me smile. such an odd fellow, so energetic in his negative way, and yet surprisingly self-aware. he talked about how low he was, but that at least he recognized what he was, unlike everyone else, how he was such a worm, an insect, really that's how he described himself, his life so meaningless and his job so mundane and the only things he gained pleasure from were books, people were nothing to him, he was nothing to himself. at one point I asked him: but what do you do with your time besides reading? he sneered and said not a lot, he's online a lot, he likes the anonymity, the ability to speak his mind and tell people exactly what he thinks about them and their world views and their fake happiness and their stupid families and their stupid beliefs and opinions and their stupid way of ignoring how shitty everything really is, they live their fake lives just pretending they are happy, how we are all divorced from life, we are all cripples, every one of us, more or less, we are so divorced from it that we immediately feel a sort of loathing for actual "real life," and so cannot even stand to be reminded of it, at least he knows the real score, at least he knows how the world works even as he rejects it. he opened up his laptop to show me some of his favorite posts and I have to admit that they were sort of funny. he had a way with words for sure. he also had an enviable collection of porn on his laptop and we enjoyed that for a while, doing more lines and laughing about all of the stupid whores in the world and weren't they just pathetic and wasn't everyone just pathetic. we stripped down to our boxers because the room was stifling and a person can feel pretty hot when they are doing a lot of drugs and watching a lot of porn. at some point I passed out to the sound of his miserable ricocheting laughter, like sad little toy gun bullets popping pitifully.

I woke up early; the sun wasn't even out. I had fallen asleep on his couch sitting up and he had fallen asleep sideways: two things creating one perpendicular shape. I noticed a part of his leg touching my own leg; his naked flesh touching my own bare skin. I looked at that connection and recoiled, appalled. I jumped up from the couch and he moaned fitfully in his sleep, like a child or someone being tortured. I grabbed his laptop and smashed it into his head, again and again, making a red pulp. still feeling out of sorts, I went to his bathroom to shower. out of the showerhead poured mud, all over me. I bathed in the mud like it was water, rubbing it all over my face and body until I couldn't see any more of me. LOL what a night!




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Profile Image for Araz Goran.
846 reviews4,565 followers
January 11, 2020
賰賲 賴賵 賵丨賷丿 賵亘丕卅爻 匕賱賰 丕賱匕賷 賷禺鬲亘卅 賮賷 賯亘賵貙 賮賷 賯亘賵 乇賵丨賴貙 匕賱賰 丕賱匕賷 賱賲 賷鬲賰賷賮 賷賵賲丕賸 賲毓 賵丕賯毓 賵賱丕 兀爻鬲胤丕毓 兀賳 賷毓乇賮 賰賷賮 賷毓賷卮 賲毓 丕賱賳丕爻貙 賰丕賳 賷賲賱 兀爻乇毓 賲賲丕 賰丕賳 賷賮賯丿 賮賷賴 丨丕爻丞 丕賱孬賯丞 亘丕賱賳賮爻貙 賰丕賳 賲噩乇賵丨丕賸貙 孬賲 睾丿丕 丌孬賲丕貙 孬賲 毓氐亘賷丕賸貙 賴丕卅噩丕賸貙 賳丕賯賲丕賸 毓賱賶 賰賱 卮賷亍貙 鬲爻賱賱 丿丕亍 丕賱賵丨丿丞 賵丕賱毓夭賱丞 廿賱賶 乇賵丨賴貙 賰丕賳 兀卮锟斤拷賴 亘賲賳 兀爻鬲賮丕賯 賮賷 爻噩賳貙 賰丕賳 賷乇賶 兀賳 丕賱丨賷丕丞 爻噩賳 爻禺賷賮丞貙 爻噩賳 賲賱賷亍 亘兀賳丕爻 賮賵囟賵賷賵賳貙 亘賯爻丕丞 丕賱賯賱賵亘貙 馗賱 亘胤賱賳丕 賮賷 賯亘賵賴 賱賲丿丞 毓卮乇賷賳 毓丕賲丕賸貙 賲賳毓夭賱丕賸 毓賳 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賵丕賱亘卮乇貙 兀氐亘丨 賷乇賶 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賲孬賱 賰賵賲丞 賴亘丕亍貙 賱賲 賷噩亘乇 賳賮爻賴 賷賵賲丕賸 賮毓賱 賲丕 賷噩毓賱賴 賷毓鬲賯丿 禺賱丕賮 匕賱賰貙 賲丕 賲賳 兀賲乇 兀噩亘乇賴 毓賱賶 丕賱禺乇賵噩 賲賳 匕賱賰 丕賱賯亘賵 丕賱毓賮賳貙 亘丕賱賵丨丿丞 賵丕賱禺胤丕賷丕貙 賵丕賱鬲兀賳賷亘 貙 賵賰賲丕 毓亘乇 賳丕亘賰賵賮 賲乇丞賸 :



鈥�" 賱賯丿 兀禺匕鬲 丕賱賵丨丿丞 鬲賮爻丿賳賷貙 賵兀禺匕鬲 兀丨鬲丕噩 廿賱賶 賲賳 賷購賱丕夭賲賳賷 賵賷毓鬲賳賷 亘賷貙 賵兀氐亘丨 賯賱亘賷 噩賴丕夭丕賸 賴爻鬲賷乇賷丕賸 賱丕 賷賵孬賯 亘賴."



賲乇 亘胤賱 賯亘賵賳丕 - 廿賳 卮卅賳丕 兀賳 賳爻賲賷賴 - 亘賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱廿賳爻丨丕亘貙 孬賲 丕賱鬲賰賵乇 毓賱賶 丕賱匕丕鬲貙 孬賲 丕賱賳賯賲丞 毓賱賶 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓貙 孬賲 丕锟斤拷睾囟亘貙 孬賲 丕賱鬲毓亘貙 賵亘毓丿 匕賱賰 丕賱賴匕賷丕賳 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞貙 賰丕賳 卮乇賷乇丕賸 亘丨賯貙 賱丕匕毓丕賸貙 睾賷乇 毓丕亘卅 丨鬲賶 亘賰乇丕賲鬲賴貙 兀氐亘丨 賷賱賯賷 亘丕賱禺胤亘 賵丕賱賲賵丕毓馗貙 鬲毓亘 賲賳 廿賳鬲賯丕丿 匕丕鬲賴貙 賷毓賱賲 兀賳賴 鬲氐乇賮 賮賷 賲乇丕鬲 毓丿賷丿丞 亘亘賱丕賴丞貙 賷賱鬲賯賷 亘兀氐丿賯丕亍 賯丿賲丕亍貙 賱丕 賷乇賵賳賴 爻賵賶 丨卮乇丞 鬲丿丕爻貙 賵賮賷 兀賮囟賱 丕賱丨丕賱丕鬲 鬲丨賵賱 廿賱賶 賲賵囟毓 賱賱爻禺乇賷丞 賮賷 噩賱爻丞 禺賲乇貙 賷丕 廿賱賴賷 賰賲 賷賮賯丿 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賳賮爻賴 丨賷賳 賱丕 賷毓賵丿 賷鬲毓乇賮 毓賱賶 賵丕賯毓賴貙 賷氐亘丨 囟丨賱丕賸貙 賷購爻賲賷 兀鬲賮賴 丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 丕賱鬲賷 賷毓賲賱賴丕 廿賳鬲氐丕乇丕賸貙 賷囟禺賲 賲賳 匕丕鬲賴 孬賲 賷賳賰賲卮貙 賮賷鬲丨胤賲 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱賲胤丕賮貙 孬賲 賷賱鬲賯賷 亘賲賳 賴賵 兀丿賳賶 賲賳賴貙 賮丕賱賵賷賱 賱匕賱賰 丕賱兀丿賳賶貙 丕賱匕賷 爻賷氐亘 毓賱賷賴 噩丕賲 睾囟亘賴 賵賲賵丕毓馗賴 丕賱兀禺賱丕賯賷丞 賵乇丐賷鬲賴 賱賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱賮丕囟賱貙 賲賳 賴賵責 賲噩乇丿 賴丕乇亘 賷亘丨孬 毓賲賳 賷賰賵賳 兀丿賳賶 賲賳賴貙 賲噩乇丿 禺丕卅賮 賲賳 賲賵丕噩賴丞 匕丕鬲賴貙 丕賱賯亘賵 毓亘丕乇丞 毓賳 兀乇囟 賷乇賯丿 賮賷賴丕 亘胤賱賳丕 亘賱丕 丨賷丕丞貙 賵賱賰賳賴 兀氐亘丨 賷毓乇賮 賰賷賮 賷丨賰賷 賵賷毓亘乇 毓賳 匕丕鬲賴 兀賷賲丕 鬲毓亘賷乇貙 兀氐亘丨 賲賵賯賳丕賸 亘兀賳 賱丕 卮賷亍 兀賮囟賱 賲賳 兀賳 賷丨賰賷 賵賷爻禺乇 賵賷睾乇賯 丕賱賵乇賯 亘禺賲賵賱賴 丕賱賳賮爻賷 賵賱丕-賵丕賯毓賷鬲賴貙 賲乇丕乇丞 丨賷丕鬲賴 賴賵貙 氐丕乇 賷賳丿亘 賲丕囟賷丞貙 賵賵丕賯毓賴 賵丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賲丕丿賷 丕賱噩丕賲丿 丕賱匕賷 賷毓賷卮 賮賷賴貙 氐丕乇 賷毓賷 兀賳 丨賷丕鬲賴 賯丿 兀賳鬲賴鬲 賮賷 匕賱賰 丕賱賯亘賵 丕賱賲毓鬲賲貙 丨賷丕鬲賴 貙 卮乇賵丿賴貙 睾賲賵囟賴 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍貙 兀丨賱丕賲賴 丕賱鬲賷 賱賲 鬲賰賳 賷賵賲丕賸 爻賵賶 兀丨賱丕賲丕賸 亘爻賷胤丞貙 氐丕乇鬲 鬲賵禺夭賴貙 鬲噩毓賱賴 睾丕囟亘丕賸 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵丕賲 ..



賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 乇亘賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 賲賳 兀毓賲賯 賲丕 賰鬲亘 丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷 賮賷 賲噩丕賱 丕賱賳賮爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞 賵廿夭丕賱丞 丕賱賲賵丕賳毓 兀賲丕賲 丕賱鬲毓乇賮 毓賱賶 乇賵丨 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞 亘賲爻丨丞 卮丿賷丿丞 賲賳 丕賱爻賵丿丕賵賷丞貙 賵丕賱乇丐賶 丕賱賲丨胤賲丞貙 賵丕賱兀爻賱賵亘 丕賱賱丕匕毓 賵丕賱鬲賴賰賲賷 賲賳 賲氐賷乇 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賵丨賷丕鬲賴 賵亘賵丕毓孬賴貙 鬲丨賰賷 毓賳 丕賱賴乇賵亘 丕賱亘卮毓 兀賲丕賲 丕賱丨囟丕乇丞 賵丕賱賲丕丿丞貙 兀賲丕賲 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賵丕賱賵丕賯毓 貙 廿賲丕 兀賳 賷賳賰賲卮 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 兀賵 賷鬲賲丕丿賶 賮賷 賵丕賯毓賷鬲賴貙 賱丕 丨賱 丌禺乇貙 賷馗賴乇 丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷 賲鬲毓氐亘丕賸貙 睾丕囟亘丕賸 賲賳 賲噩鬲賲毓賴貙 睾賷乇 丌亘賴丕賸 賱爻禺乇賷丞 丕賱丌禺乇賷賳貙 賵賱丕 賲鬲胤賱毓丕賸 賱鬲乇賮 丕賱丕毓噩丕亘丕鬲貙 乇賵丕賷丞 氐乇賷丨丞貙 毓賲賷賯丞貙 賲丿賴卮丞貙 賵賲乇毓亘丞 兀賷囟丕賸 賮賷 鬲丨賱賷賱賴丕 賵賵丕賯毓賷鬲賴丕 ..



匕賰乇賳賷 亘胤賱 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 亘亘胤賱 乇賵丕賷丞 (丕賱賱賷丕賱賷 丕賱亘賷囟丕亍) 貙 丕賱賱匕賷賳 賷鬲噩爻丿丕賳 亘賱丕 兀爻賲 賵賱丕 兀賵氐丕賮貙 賷禺乇噩丕賳 賲賳 噩丨乇賷賴賲丕 賳丨賵 賮囟丕亍 賱丕 賷毓乇賮丕賳賴貙 賷鬲禺亘胤丕賳 賮賷 丕賱賵丕賯毓貙 賷丨賰賷丕賳 賲孬賱 爻丕匕噩賷賳貙 禺乇噩丕 賲賳 賰鬲丕亘 賵馗賱丕 賷孬乇孬乇丕賳貙 賴賳丕賰 乇亘胤 毓噩賷亘 亘賷賳 丕賱乇賵丕賷鬲賷賳貙 賵賲卮丕毓乇 賲鬲卮丕亘賴丞 賱丿賶 賯乇丕亍丞 賰賱賷賴賲丕貙 賴賱 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱卮禺氐 匕丕鬲賴貙 乇丕賵丿鬲賳賷 賴匕賴 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 賮毓賱丕賸貙 賴賱 賴匕丕 賴賵 賲氐賷乇 丕賱匕賷 賰鬲亘賴 丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷 賱氐丕丨亘賳丕 賮賷 乇賵丕賷丞 (丕賱賱賷丕賱賷 丕賱亘賷囟丕亍)貙 賴賱 賵氐賱 亘賴 丕賱丨丕賱 兀賳 賷乇賲賷 亘胤賱賴 賮賷 丨賮乇丞 賲孬賱 賴匕丕 丕賱賯亘賵 賵賴賵 賷卮丕賴丿賴 賷睾囟亘 賵賷孬賵乇貙 賵賷鬲禺亘胤貙 賱丕 兀爻鬲亘毓丿 匕賱賰 禺氐賵氐丕賸 賵兀賳 賰賱丕賴賲丕 賰丕賳 丨丕賱賲丕賸貙 丨爻丕爻丕賸貙 睾乇賷亘 丕賱兀胤賵丕乇貙 賵丨賷丿賷賳 賲孬賱 爻賱丨賮丕丞貙 毓丕胤賮賷賷賳 賲孬賱 兀亘胤丕賱 丕賱丨賰丕賷丕鬲 丕賱睾丕亘乇丞貙 乇亘賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 賲匕賰乇丕鬲 丕賱賯亘賵 賴匕賴 賴賷 丕賱噩夭亍 丕賱鬲丕賱賷 賱丨賰丕賷丞 丕賱毓丕卮賯貙 丕賱毓丕卮賯 丕賱賲禺乇賾亘貙 丕賱匕賷 禺爻乇 丕賱丨亘 貙 禺爻乇 丨賷丕鬲賴貙 賵丕賯毓賴貙 賵馗賱 賷賰鬲亘 賵賷賰鬲亘貙 賷賰鬲亘 賲孬賱 賲賳 賷丨賱賲 亘丕賱賳噩丕丞 ..




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" 兀賷賴丕 丕賱爻丕丿丞貙 爻兀禺亘乇賰賲 丨賵賱 丕賱賰賷賮賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀囟毓鬲購 賮賷賴丕 賮乇氐丞 丕賱賳噩丕丨 賮賷 丨賷丕鬲賷 ...... 亘賮毓賱 丕賱賮爻丕丿 丕賱乇賵丨賷 賵丕賱兀禺賱丕賯賷 丕賱匕賷 兀毓丕賳賷 賲賳賴貙 賵亘賮毓賱 丕賱賵賯丕丨丞 丕賱氐賱賮丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀鬲氐賮 亘賴丕貙 賵亘賮毓賱 毓丿賲 鬲毓賵丿賷 毓賱賶 丕賱丨賷丕丞 丕賱賲購毓丕卮丞貙 賵亘賮毓賱 鬲乇丕賰賲 丕賱睾賷馗 賵丕賱丨賯丿 丕賱賱匕賷賳 賳賲賷鬲購賴賲丕 賮賷 賯亘賵賷 "
Profile Image for Ahmad Sharabiani.
9,562 reviews571 followers
August 25, 2021
(Book 871 from 1001 books) - 袟邪锌懈褋泻懈 懈蟹 锌芯写锌芯谢褜褟 = Zapiski iz podpol'ia = Letters from the Underworld = Notes from the Underground = Notes from Underground, Fyodor Dostoevsky

Notes from Underground, is an 1864 novella by Fyodor Dostoevsky.

Notes is considered by many to be one of the first existentialist novels. It presents itself as an excerpt from the rambling memoirs of a bitter, isolated, unnamed narrator, who is a retired civil servant living in St. Petersburg.

The first part of the story is told in monologue form, or the underground man's diary, and attacks emerging Western philosophy, especially Nikolay Chernyshevsky's What Is to Be Done?

The second part of the book is called "Apropos of the Wet Snow" and describes certain events that appear to be destroying and sometimes renewing the underground man, who acts as a first person, unreliable narrator and anti-hero.

毓賳賵丕賳賴丕蹖 趩丕倬 卮丿賴 丿乇 丕蹖乇丕賳: 芦蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳禄貨 芦蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖禄貨 芦蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 趩賴丕乇丿賴 鬲賮爻蹖乇禄貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲蹖賴丕 (夭賵丕乇貙 讴鬲丕亘賴丕蹖 噩蹖亘蹖貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 毓賱賲蹖 賮乇賴賳诏蹖貙 丌乇卮)貨 丕丿亘蹖丕鬲 乇賵爻蹖賴貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮 乇賵夭 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 賲丕賴 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱1975賲蹖賱丕丿蹖

毓賳賵丕賳: 蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 乇丨賲鬲 丕賱賴蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 夭賵丕乇貙 1333貙 丿乇 235氐貙 賯蹖賲鬲: 45乇蹖丕賱貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 讴鬲丕亘賴丕蹖 噩蹖亘蹖貙 1343貙 賲賵囟賵毓: 丿丕爻鬲丕賳賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 乇賵爻蹖賴 - 爻丿賴 19賲

毓賳賵丕賳: 蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 乇丨賲鬲 丕賱賴蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 1369貙 丿乇 223氐貨 趩丕倬 卮卮賲 1387貙 丿乇 223氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9789642575305貨

毓賳賵丕賳: 蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳蹖貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 乇丨賲鬲 丕賱賴蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 毓賱賲蹖 賮乇賴賳诏蹖貙 1379貙 丿乇 6貙 賵 200氐貨貨 趩丕倬 卮卮賲 爻丕賱1386貨 賴賮鬲賲 1388貨 賴卮鬲賲 1392貨 卮丕亘讴 9789644452598貨

毓賳賵丕賳: 蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 卮賴乇賵夭 乇卮蹖丿貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丌乇卮貙 1391貙 丿乇 152氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786009299812貨 鬲乇噩賲賴 丕夭 賲鬲賳 丌賱賲丕賳蹖貨

毓賳賵丕賳: 蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲賴丕蹖 夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳蹖 亘丕 趩賴丕乇丿賴 鬲賮爻蹖乇貨 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賮卅賵丿賵乇 丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丨賲蹖丿乇囟丕 丌鬲卮 亘乇丌亘貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 毓賱賲蹖 賮乇賴賳诏蹖貙 1394貙 丿乇 丿賴 氐賮丨賴 賵546氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9786001217760貨

丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖 芦蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲鈥屬囏й� 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖 蹖丕 (夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳)禄 乇丕貙 丿乇 爻丕賱 1864賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貙 蹖毓賳蹖 丿乇 爻賳 倬禺鬲诏蹖貙 賵 倬爻 丕夭 爻乇丿 賵 诏乇賲 趩卮蹖丿賳鈥屬囏й� 亘爻蹖丕乇貙 亘賴 鈥屬堐屭樫� 倬爻 丕夭 丌賳賴賲賴 亘賱丕蹖蹖 讴賴 爻乇卮丕賳 丌賲丿貙 丕夭 芦亘蹖賲丕乇蹖禄貙 芦鬲賴蹖丿爻鬲蹖禄貙 芦夭賳丿丕賳禄貙 芦鬲亘毓蹖丿禄 賵 丿乇丿爻乇賴丕蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 丿蹖诏乇貙 亘賳诏丕卮鬲賳丿貨 芦蹖丕丿丿丕卮鬲鈥屬囏й� 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖 (夭蹖乇夭賲蹖賳)禄 乇丕貙 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 芦丿丕爻鬲丕蹖賵爻讴蹖鈥屄� 卮賳丕爻丕賳貙 讴賱蹖丿 丿乇讴 賴賲賴鈥� 蹖 丌孬丕乇 丿蹖诏乇 丕蹖卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫з嗁嗀� 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 蹖丕 乇丕賵蹖貙 丿蹖诏乇 噩賵丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿貙 趩賴賱 爻丕賱賴 賴爻鬲賳丿貙 亘賱丕賴丕蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 爻乇卮丕賳 丌賲丿賴貙 賵 丿賵丕賲 丌賵乇丿賴 賵 夭賳丿賴 賲丕賳丿賴 丕賳丿貨 芦亘蹖賲丕乇蹖 氐乇毓禄貙 芦鬲賴蹖丿爻鬲蹖禄貙 芦亘賴 丿賵卮 丿丕卮鬲賳 亘丕乇 賴夭蹖賳賴鈥� 賴丕蹖 夭賳 賵 賮乇夭賳丿丕賳 亘乇丕丿乇卮禄貙 芦夭賳丿丕賳禄貙 賵 芦鬲亘毓蹖丿禄貙 丿乇 亘丿鬲乇蹖賳 卮乇丕蹖胤貙 丕蹖賳 趩賳蹖賳 丌丿賲蹖貙 趩诏賵賳賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 賴賲丕賳賳丿 芦鬲賵乇诏賳蹖賮禄 孬乇賵鬲賲賳丿 賵 丕卮乇丕賮蹖貙 蹖丕 芦鬲賵賱爻鬲賵蹖禄 賲丕賱讴 賵 乇毓蹖鬲鈥屫ж必� 禺賵卮亘蹖賳 亘丕卮賳丿貙 賵 丿乇 丿丕爻鬲丕賳鈥屬囏� 亘丕 賵丕跇賴 賴丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮 亘賴 乇賵蹖 禺賵丕賳卮诏乇卮 賱亘禺賳丿 亘夭賳賳丿責

丕夭 賲鬲賳: (賲蹖亘蹖賳賲 讴賴 賴賳賵夭 賲毓鬲賯丿蹖丿: 亘丕賱丕禺乇賴 亘卮乇 乇賵夭蹖貙 賮囟丕蹖賱蹖 乇丕 讴賴 賲氐丕賱丨 賵 賲賳丕賮毓卮 丿乇 丌賳 丕爻鬲貙 丿乇賲蹖蹖丕亘丿貙 賵 丌賳诏丕賴 讴賴 丌禺乇蹖賳 亘丕賯蹖賲丕賳丿賴 賴丕蹖 毓丕丿丕鬲 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 蹖 诏匕卮鬲賴貙 丕夭 蹖丕丿卮 乇賮鬲賴貙 丌賳賵賯鬲 毓丕賯賱丕賳賴 乇賮鬲丕乇 禺賵丕賴丿 讴乇丿 ...貨 丕賲丕 睾丕賮賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴貙 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 賳爻亘鬲蹖 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 毓丕賯賱丕賳賴 丕蹖 丿乇爻鬲 賲蹖讴賳蹖賲貙 丿乇 丕孬乇 賴賲丕賳 禺爻鬲賴 讴賳賳丿賴 亘賵丿賳貙 賵 蹖讴賳賵丕禺鬲 亘賵丿賳 丌賳貙 趩賴 賮讴乇賴丕 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 賲乇丿賲 倬蹖卮 賳賲蹖丌蹖丿貨 丌賳 爻賳噩丕賯賴丕蹖 胤賱丕蹖蹖 乇丕 賳蹖夭貙 芦讴賱卅賵倬丕鬲乇丕禄貙 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲丕賳 賲賱丕賱 丌賵乇 亘賵丿賳貙 賵 蹖讴賳賵丕禺鬲 亘賵丿賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 丿乇 爻蹖賳賴 讴賳蹖夭讴丕賳 賮乇賵 賲蹖讴乇丿 ...貨 诏丕賴 亘卮乇貙 丿丕賳爻鬲賴 賵 賲鬲毓賲丿丕賸貙 丕賲乇蹖 賲囟乇 賵 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴貙 賵 丨鬲蹖 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 鬲乇蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇丕貙 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丿 丌乇夭賵 賲蹖讴賳丿貙 賵 丕賳噩丕賲 賲蹖丿賴丿 ...貨 丕賵 賲蹖禺賵丕賴丿 丕蹖賳 丨賯 乇丕 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 亘鬲賵丕賳丿 丨鬲蹖 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 鬲乇蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇丕貙 亘乇禺賱丕賮 賴賲賴 蹖 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 丌乇夭賵 讴賳丿貙 賵 丕賳噩丕賲 丿賴丿貨 賳賴 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲讴賱賮 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 賮賯胤 讴丕乇賴丕蹖 毓丕賯賱丕賳賴 賵 禺乇丿賲賳丿丕賳賴 亘讴賳丿.)貨

賵: (丌賯丕蹖丕賳賽 賲賳貙 卮賲丕 亘賴 賵噩賵丿 讴丕禺賴丕蹖 亘賱賵乇蹖賳貙 讴賴 賴蹖趩賵賯鬲 賮乇賵 賳賲蹖乇蹖夭賳丿貙 賵 鬲丕 丕亘丿 亘丕賯蹖 賲蹖賲丕賳賳丿貙 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 丿丕乇蹖丿貙 蹖毓賳蹖 丿乇 丨賯蹖賯鬲 亘賴 趩蹖夭蹖 賲毓鬲賯丿蹖丿貙 讴賴 丕丨鬲賲丕賱 賳賲蹖乇賵丿貙 賵 賳賲蹖鬲賵丕賳 丕夭 丌賳 爻蹖乇貙 賵 丿賱夭丿賴 卮丿貨 亘賴 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 賲賲讴賳 賳蹖爻鬲 丕夭 丌賳 禺爻鬲賴 卮丿貙 賵 倬賳賴丕賳蹖 亘乇 囟丿卮 丿乇丌賲丿貨 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇卮 賲賯丕賵賲鬲 讴乇丿貙 夭亘丕賳 乇丕 丕夭 丿賴丕賳 亘蹖乇賵賳 丌賵乇丿貙 賵 亘賴 丌賳 丿賴丕賳 讴噩蹖 讴乇丿貨 賵賱蹖 賲賳貙 丕夭 丕蹖賳噩賵乇 賯氐乇賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖诏賵蹖蹖丿貙 賲蹖鬲乇爻賲貨 賲蹖鬲乇爻賲 讴賴 丿賵丕賲蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿) 倬丕蹖丕賳

鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 31/06/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 02/06/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
Profile Image for Glenn Russell.
1,485 reviews12.9k followers
March 5, 2018



Dostoevsky leads us into the deepest recesses of human consciousness, a mire of stinky sewers, feted pits and foul-smelling rat holes - novel as existential torment and alienation.

Do you envision a utopia founded on the principals of love and universal brotherhood? If so, beware the underground man. And what is it about the underground? Well, ladies and gentlemen, here are several quotes from the text with my comments:

"I would now like to tell you, gentlemen, whether you do or do not wish to hear it, why I never managed to become even an insect. I'll tell you solemnly that I wanted many times to become an insect."----------The underground man's opening reflections form the first part of this short novel. He is forty years old, sits in his apartment, arms folded, brooding about life and death, telling us all about his underbelly-ish plight as a man-mouse, speaking about the subject giving him the greatest pleasure: himself.

"If man has not become more bloodthirsty from civilization, at any rate he has certainly become bloodthirsty in a worse, a viler way than formerly.鈥� ----------The underground man spews out his view of others. If all humankind were to succumb to plague and die a horrible, anguished death, we can see in our mind's eye the underground man chuckling to himself and thinking every single minute of the excruciating pain of all those millions of men and women and children were well deserved. But, in all fairness, the underground man tells us he has a sensitive streak, being as insecure and touchy as a hunchback or dwarf.

"Two times two is four has a cocky look; it stands across your path, arms akimbo, and spits. I agree that two times two is four is an excellent thing; but if we're going to start praising everything, then two times two is five is sometimes also a most charming little thing."----------The underground man despises nature and the laws of nature. One can imagine how he would react if someone spoke of the philosophy of harmony or compassion 鈥� squinting his eyes, grinding his teeth and clenching his fists so hard blood would appear on his palms.

"Of Simonov's two guests, one was Ferfichkin, from Russian-German stock- short, monkey-faced, a fool who comically mimicked everyone, my bitterest enemy even in the lower grades--a mean, impudent little fanfaron who played at being most ticklish ambitious, though of course he was a coward at heart." ----------Here we have the underground man's reflections on encountering someone from his boyhood past. If you think the underground man would have less flattering things to say about you if he saw you talking in a railway station or eating at a restaurant, please continue reading. The underground man's hatred and bitterness reaches a high pitch by simply being around three of his former acquaintances. Has there ever been a more comical and compelling scene in all of literature?

"That night I had the most hideous dreams. No wonder: all evening I was oppressed by recollections of the penal servitude of my school years, and I could not get rid of them. I had been tucked away in that school by distant relations whose dependent I was and of whom I had no notion thereafter - tucked away, orphaned, already beaten down by their reproaches, already pensive, taciturn, gazing wildly about at everything. My schoolfellows met me with spiteful and merciless derision, because I was not like any of them. . . . I immediately began to hate them, and shut myself away from everyone in timorous, wounded, and inordinate pride."----------The underground man deals with a cab driver, a young prostitute and his servant. Such nastiness, such viciousness -- every single encounter vivid and memorable. Dostoyevsky at his finest.

"We're stillborn, and have long ceased to be born of living fathers, and we like this more and more. We're acquiring a taste for it. Soon we'll contrive to be born somehow from an idea. But enough; I don't want to write any more "from Underground" . . . "----------You may forget other works of literature you have read; however, I can assure you, once you have read the underground man's notes it will be an experience you will not soon forget.

Profile Image for Sherif Metwaly.
467 reviews4,058 followers
October 11, 2020

" 兀賳丕 乇噩賱賹 賲乇賷囟貙 兀賳丕 乇噩賱賹 卮乇賷乇貙 兀賳丕 亘丕賱兀丨乇賶 乇噩賱賹 賲購賳賮乇. "

亘賴匕賴 丕賱噩賲賱丞 丕賱賯氐賷乇丞貙 丕賱賲毓乇賽賾賷丞 賱賳賮爻賷丞 亘胤賱 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賲賳 兀賵賱 賱丨馗丞貙 亘丿兀鬲賿 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞貙 賵亘丿兀 兀賵賱 賱賯丕亍 賱賷 賮賷 乇丨丕亘 禺亘賷乇 丕賱賳賮爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞 丕賱兀毓馗賲 毓賱賶 賲乇賾 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 亘卮賴丕丿丞 賲毓馗賲 賲賳 賯乇兀賵丕 賱賴. 兀賳 鬲賮鬲丨 丕賱氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱兀賵賱賶 賲賳 乇賵丕賷丞 賮鬲噩丿 賮賷 丕賳鬲馗丕乇賰 賴匕丕 丕賱丕毓鬲乇丕賮貙 賱賴賵 卮賷亍 賲孬賷乇 賱賱丕賴鬲賲丕賲 賱丿乇噩丞 兀賳賷 丕亘鬲爻賲鬲!貙 賳毓賲 丕亘鬲爻賲鬲貙 賮兀賳丕: 乇噩賱賹 亘爻賷胤貙 兀賳丕 乇噩賱賹 賷丨亘 丕賱氐丿賯貙 兀賳丕 亘丕賱兀丨乇賶 乇噩賱賹 賲噩賳賵賳.

丨爻賳賸丕貙 賱賳賳卮賾胤 丕賱禺賷丕賱 賯賱賷賱賸丕..

兀賳丕 丕賱丌賳 兀賯賮 兀賲丕賲 賲賳夭賱賺 賯丿賷賲貙 賷亘丿賵 賲馗賱賲賸丕 賵賰卅賷亘賸丕 賱丿乇噩丞 賱丕 鬲購胤丕賯貙 丕賱噩賵賾 賯丕乇爻 丕賱亘乇賵丿丞 賵丕賱爻賲丕亍 鬲購賲胤乇 賳丿賮賸丕 賲賳 丕賱孬賱噩 鬲鬲乇丕賰賲 毓賱賶 乇兀爻賷 賵賰鬲賮賷 賱鬲丨賵賾賱 賱賵賳 賲毓胤賮賷 丕賱亘購賳賷賾 廿賱賶 丕賱賱賵賳 丕賱兀亘賷囟. 兀亘丨孬 毓賳 噩乇爻 丕賱亘丕亘貙 賱丕 兀噩丿貙 兀賴購賲賾 亘丕賱胤賻乇賯賽 毓賱賶 丕賱亘丕亘 賮兀噩丿賴 賲賮鬲賵丨賸丕貙 兀丿賮毓賴 賵兀丿禺賱貙 賴賳丕賰 爻賱賲 賷氐毓丿 賱兀毓賱賶 賵丌禺乇 賷賴亘胤 賱兀爻賮賱貙 兀賱賲丨 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱爻賱賲 丕賱賴丕亘胤 賱兀爻賮賱 亘丕亘賸丕 賷亘丿賵 賲賵丕乇亘賸丕 賵賷鬲爻乇亘 囟賵亍賸丕 卮丕丨亘賸丕 賲賳 禺賱賮賴貙 兀賴亘胤 丕賱爻賱賲貙 兀胤乇賯 丕賱亘丕亘 毓丿丞 賲乇丕鬲貙 賱丕 乇丿貙 兀丿賮毓 丕賱亘丕亘 賵兀丿禺賱貙 鬲賯丕亘賱賳賷 乇丕卅丨丞 毓胤賳 亘卮毓丞貙 賵賰兀賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賯亘賵 賲賯亘乇丞賸 鬲丨賵賷 毓卮乇丞 噩孬孬 毓賱賶 丕賱兀賯賱貙 兀賴鬲賮 氐丕卅丨賸丕: 賴賱 賲賳 兀丨丿賺 賴賳丕責貙 賱丕 乇丿貙 兀爻賲毓 氐賵鬲賸丕 賲丕貙 兀鬲噩賴 賳丨賵 賲氐丿乇賴貙 亘丕亘 丌禺乇!貙 兀賮鬲丨賴 賵兀丿禺賱貙 賮廿匕丕 亘乇噩賱賺 賷噩賱爻 毓賱賶 賲賳囟丿丞 賲賵賱賷賸丕 馗賴乇賴 鬲噩丕賴 亘丕亘 丕賱睾乇賮丞 賵鬲噩丕賴賷 亘胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丨丕賱貙 兀賴購賲賾 亘廿賱賯丕亍 丕賱鬲丨賷丞貙 賮賷賯丕胤毓賳賷 氐賵鬲賸丕 丨夭賷賳賸丕 賯丕卅賱賸丕:-

" 賱賲 兀賰賳 兀毓乇賮 賮賯胤貙 賰賷賮 兀氐賷乇 卮乇賷乇賸丕貙 賵廿賳賲丕 馗賱賱鬲購 賱丕 兀毓乇賮 賰匕賱賰 賰賷賮 兀氐賷乇 兀賷 卮賷亍 賷購匕賰乇 毓賱賶 丕賱廿胤賱丕賯: 賱丕 卮乇賷乇賸丕貙 賵賱丕 胤賷亘賸丕貙 賵賱丕 丿賳賷卅賸丕貙 賵賱丕 卮乇賷賮賸丕貙 賵賱丕 亘胤賱賸丕貙 賵賱丕 丨卮乇丞. 賵丕賱丌賳貙 賴丕 兀賳匕丕 兀賳賴賷 賲爻賷乇丞 丨賷丕鬲賷 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丨賮乇丞貙 爻丕禺乇賸丕 賲賳 匕丕鬲賷 賵兀賳丕 兀賵丕爻賷賴丕 亘賴匕丕 丕賱賷賯賷賳貙 丕賱匕賷 亘賯丿乇 賲丕 賴賵 賲鬲卮丕卅賲貙 賮廿賳賴 賱丕 賷噩丿賷 賮鬲賷賱賸丕貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賷賮賷丿 亘兀賳賾 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱匕賰賷 賱賳 賷賯賵賻 兀亘丿賸丕 毓賱賶 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 卮賷卅賸丕 賷賹毓鬲丿 亘賴貙 賲丕 丿丕賲 兀賳 丕賱兀睾亘賷丕亍 賴賲 丕賱匕賷賳 賷爻鬲胤賷毓賵賳 兀賳 賷氐賷乇賵丕 卮賷卅賸丕 賲毓賷賳賸丕."

賱丨馗丞 丕賳丿賴丕卮 賲卮賵亘丞 亘丕賱乇賷亘丞貙 賵廿匕丕 亘賷 兀賴購賲 亘賳夭毓 賲毓胤賮賷 賵丕賱丿禺賵賱 賱兀乇賶 賴匕丕 丕賱匕賷 賷鬲賰賱賲 賵噩賴賸丕 賱賵噩賴貙 亘賷賳賲丕 賴賵 賷賱鬲賮鬲 禺賱賮賴 鬲噩丕賴 匕賱賰 丕賱賮囟賵賱賷 丕賱匕賷 賯胤毓 毓賱賷賴 禺賱賵鬲賴 丿丕禺賱 賯亘乇.. 毓賮賵賸丕貙 丿丕禺賱 賯亘賵賴.


兀噩賱爻 毓賱賶 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱丌禺乇 賱賱胤丕賵賱丞貙 兀賳馗乇 廿賱賷賴貙 賷丕 廿賱賴賷!貙 賲丕 賴匕丕 丕賱賵噩賴 丕賱卮丕丨亘責!貙 賵賰兀賳賴 賱賲 賷乇賻 丕賱卮賲爻 賷賵賲賸丕!貙 鬲賱噩賲賳賷 丕賱賲賮丕噩兀丞 賮兀氐賲鬲貙 賳爻賷鬲 丨鬲賶 兀賳 兀賱賯賷 丕賱鬲丨賷丞 兀賵 兀爻鬲兀匕賳 賯亘賱 丕賱噩賱賵爻. 賲丕 丕賱匕賷 兀鬲賶 亘賷 賴賳丕 兀爻丕爻賸丕責貙 賰丕賳 賷賳亘睾賷 賱賷 兀賳 兀氐毓丿 賱賱丿賵乇 丕賱孬丕賱孬 賰賷 兀夭賵乇 噩丿鬲賷 賮廿匕丕 亘賷 賴賳丕 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賯亘賵 丕賱賰卅賷亘貙 丕賱毓胤賳 丕賱乇丕卅丨丞貙 噩丕賱爻賸丕 兀賲丕賲 匕賱賰 丕賱卮禺氐 丕賱匕賷 賱丕 兀毓乇賮賴貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賱丕 賷毓乇賮賳賷. 賲毓 匕賱賰貙 兀卮毓乇 兀賳賷 兀賵丿 丕賱噩賱賵爻貙 鬲賲丕賲賸丕 賲孬賱賲丕 兀卮毓乇 兀賳賴 賱丕 賷乇賷丿賳賷 兀賳 兀乇丨賱. 賱丨馗丕鬲購 氐賲鬲賺 鬲賲購乇賾 賵兀賳丕 賮賷 丨賷乇丞貙 賴賱 爻賷鬲賰賱賲 孬丕賳賷丞賸責 賴賱 兀亘丕丿乇 兀賳丕 亘丕賱賰賱丕賲責貙 賵亘賷賳賲丕 鬲丿賵乇 丕賱兀爻卅賱丞 丕賱賲乇亘賰丞 賮賷 匕賴賳賷 廿匕丕 亘賴 賷賯胤毓 丨亘賱 兀賮賰丕乇賷 賯丕卅賱賸丕:-
" 兀賳丕 賲購鬲毓亘 ".



賰丕賳鬲 " 兀賳丕 賲鬲毓亘 " 賴匕賴 丕賱囟乇亘丞 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 丕賱鬲賷 兀賵丿鬲賿 亘爻丿賺 囟禺賲賺 賷丨噩夭 禺賱賮賴 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賰賱丕賲 丕賱賲丿賮賵賳 丿丕禺賱 兀毓賲丕賯 賳賮爻賺 亘卮乇賷丞 賲賳 兀睾乇亘 賲丕 乇兀賷鬲貙 賱丕 賱丕.. 賴賷 賱賷爻鬲 賳賮爻賸丕 睾乇賷亘丞貙 賴賷 賵丕賯毓賷丞貙 賵丕賯毓賷丞 賱丿乇噩丞 賲禺賷賮丞.

賷亘丿兀 丕賱乇噩賱 賮賷 丨賰丕賷丞 賯氐鬲賴貙 賷亘丿兀 亘毓乇囟 賮賱爻賮鬲賴 丕賱睾乇賷亘丞 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱丨賷丕丞貙 賮賱爻賮丞 賱賲 兀賮賴賲 賲毓馗賲賴丕貙 賵兀卮賰 兀賳賴 賰丕賳 賲爻鬲賵毓亘賸丕 賱賲丕 賷賯賵賱貙 兀毓鬲賯丿 兀賳賴 賰丕賳 賷賴匕賷 賮賷 兀賵賯丕鬲 毓丿賷丿丞貙 丕賵 賷鬲毓賲丿 賳賯賱 丨丕賱丞 丕賱丕乇鬲亘丕賰 丕賱鬲賷 毓丕賳賶 賲賳賴丕 賱爻賳賵丕鬲賺 毓丿賷丿丞 廿賱賷賾. 賷賳鬲賴賷 賲賳 毓乇囟 賮賱爻賮鬲賴貙 賮賷賱賲丨 毓賱丕賲丕鬲 毓丿賲 丕賱賮賴賲 毓賱賶 賵噩賴賷貙 賷賱賲丨 丕賱毓丿賷丿 賲賳 丕賱鬲爻丕丐賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 兀賵丿 胤乇丨賴丕 毓賱賷賴貙 賮賷亘鬲爻賲 丕亘鬲爻丕賲丞 丨夭賷賳丞貙 賵賷亘丿兀 亘丨賰丕賷丞 賲匕賰乇丕鬲貙 兀賵 亘丕賱兀丨乇賶 賲賯鬲胤賮丕鬲 賲賳 賲丕囟賷賴貙 賲賵囟丨賸丕 賱賷 賰賷賮 賰丕賳貙 賵賰賷賮 賰丕賳 賲賳 丨賵賱賴貙 賵賰賷賮 丕賳鬲賴賶 亘賴 丕賱賲胤丕賮 賴賳丕貙 賮賷 丕賱賯亘賵.

鬲賳賴賲乇 丕賱丨賰丕賷丕鬲 賵丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱貙 賷賳賯賱賳賷 賲毓賴 廿賱賶 賲丕囟賷賴貙 賵兀賲囟賷 賮賷 乇丨賱丞 賲賳 兀睾乇亘 賲丕 賷賰賵賳貙 兀卮丕賴丿賴 賵賴賵 賷鬲毓丕賲賱 賲毓 丕賱賳丕爻 亘爻禺乇賷丞 賲卮賵亘丞 亘賯賱丞 丕賱丨賷賱丞 賵丕賱囟毓賮貙 兀卮丕賴丿賴 賷購賴丕賳 賵賱丕 賷噩乇丐 毓賱賶 乇丿 丕賱廿賴丕賳丞貙 賷丨丕賵賱 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 卮禺氐賸丕 匕賵 賰亘乇賷丕亍 賵賰乇丕賲丞 賮賲丕 賷賱亘孬 兀賳 賷丨鬲丕噩 廿賱賶 兀丨丿賴賲 賰賷 賷賯乇囟賴 亘毓囟 丕賱賳賯賵丿 賮賷賲爻丨 亘賰乇丕賲鬲賴 賵賰亘乇賷丕亍賴 丕賱兀乇囟貙 兀卮丕賴丿賴 賷丨丕賵賱 丕賱丕賳丿賲丕噩 賲毓 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賮賷賱賮馗賴 丕賱噩賲賷毓 亘賲賳鬲賴賶 丕賱賯爻賵丞貙 兀卮賴丿 禺丕丿賲賴 丕賱匕賷 賲賳 丕賱賲賮鬲乇囟 兀賳 賷毓丕賲賱 爻賷丿 丕賱亘賷鬲 亘丕丨鬲乇丕賲貙 賵賱賰賳 丨鬲賶 丕賱禺丕丿賲 賰丕賳 賷賴賷賳 匕賱賰 丕賱賲爻賰賷賳 丕賱賲鬲禺丕匕賱貙 兀卮丕賴丿 賰賷賮賷丞 賲毓丕賲賱丞 兀氐丿賯丕丐賴 賱賴 亘賲賳鬲賴賶 丕賱噩賮丕亍 毓賱賶 丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 賲丨丕賵賱鬲賴 兀賳 賷亘丿賵 賱胤賷賮賸丕 賲毓賴賲 - 賵乇亘丕賴貙 賰賲 賰丕賳 匕賱賰 氐毓亘賸丕 毓賱賷賴 -貙 兀卮丕賴丿 賱賷夭丕貙 鬲賱賰 丕賱賮鬲丕丞 丕賱鬲賷 賱丕 鬲賯賱 亘丐爻賸丕 毓賳賴 賵丕賱鬲賷 噩丕亍鬲 賯乇亘 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 賱鬲爻賲丨 賱賴匕賴 丕賱賳賮爻 丕賱丨丕賳賯丞 亘丕賱鬲賳賮賷爻 毓賲賾丕 賷毓鬲賲賱 賮賷 丿丕禺賱賴丕 賯亘賱 兀賳 鬲鬲禺匕 丕賱賯乇丕乇 賮賷賲丕 亘毓丿 亘丕賱毓夭賱丞 丕賱鬲丕賲丞. 賳毓賲貙 卮丕賴丿鬲 賰賱 賴匕丕 賵賱賲 兀爻鬲賲毓 賱賴 賮賯胤貙 賮賴匕丕 丕賱乇噩賱 賱丿賷賴 賯丿乇丞 毓馗賷賲丞 毓賱賶 丕賱賵氐賮貙 賮禺乇噩鬲 賲毓馗賲 丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賵賰兀賳賴丕 賱賵丨丕鬲 賲乇爻賵賲丞 賱賲卮丕賴丿 賲賳 賲丕囟賷賴貙 兀卮丕賴丿賴丕 亘毓賷賳賷貙 賵鬲鬲丨乇賰 鬲賮丕氐賷賱賴丕 兀賲丕賲賷 亘賷賳賲丕 兀爻鬲賲毓 賱賱賰賱丕賲 賮賷 丕賱禺賱賮賷丞 .

賱賯丿 賰丕賳鬲 乇丨賱丞 毓噩賷亘丞貙 賱賲 兀鬲賮賵賴 賮賷賴丕 亘賰賱賲丞 賵丕丨丿丞貙 廿賳賲丕 賯賲鬲購 亘丿賵乇 丕賱賲爻鬲賲毓 賮賯胤.


賱丕 兀毓賱賲 賲鬲賶 丕禺鬲賮賷 賲賳 兀賲丕賲賷 匕賱賰 丕賱卮禺氐貙 丕賳鬲賴賶 賰賱 卮賷亍 賮噩兀丞貙 賳毓賲貙 賮噩兀丞貙 賵氐乇鬲 兀鬲賱賮鬲 丨賵賱賷 亘毓丿 丕賳賯胤丕毓 丕賱氐賵鬲 賵丕賳鬲賴丕亍 丕賱丨賰丕賷丕鬲 亘丕丨孬賸丕 毓賲賳 賰丕賳 賷鬲賰賱賲 兀賲丕賲賷 賲賳匕 賯賱賷賱貙 賮賱賲 兀噩丿賴貙 賵賵噩丿鬲 賳賮爻賷 賵丨賷丿賸丕 丿丕禺賱 賴匕丕 丕賱賯亘賵貙 兀亘丨孬 毓賳賴 賵毓賳 賳賮爻賷. 賳賮爻賷 !.. 賱丕 貙 賱丕 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 貙 賷丕 廿賱賴賷貙 賴賱 賷購毓賯賱 兀賳 賲賳 賰丕賳 賷鬲賰賱賲 兀賲丕賲賷 賱賲 賷賵噩丿 兀爻丕爻賸丕責貙 賷丕 廿賱賴賷貙 賮賲賳 賰丕賳 賷鬲丨丿孬 廿匕賸丕責
!賲賳责

賵賱賲 兀毓孬乇 毓賱賶 丕賱廿噩丕亘丞 賷賵賲賸丕 ..



鬲賲鬲

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March 19, 2024
On what was to be a particularly dark day, Dostoyevsky decided to portray the most despicable man he could imagine.
This fact is how we could summarize the Basement. The man Dostoyevsky imagined is not an assassin nor even a petty criminal. On the contrary, he is a vile being in every way. He is an anonymous person in whom no one has ever been interested and will never be. He is insignificant. His only way to exist is to annoy others. He does not conceive of existence otherwise.
Having a toothache is a pleasure for him: it gives him a good reason to complain, moan, and prevent others from sleeping. For him, friendship or love has only one meaning, and he claims it proudly: to accept being morally tortured by the other. So we avoid it like we avoid dog poop on the sidewalk. And even that gives him a form of enjoyment.
Inevitably, there is a prostitute with a somewhat childish face. We are in Dostoyevsky. And the way he will behave with her is even lower than you'd expect.
Did Dostoyevsky need to dig deep into the human soul to compose his character? No. He took it all off and left an egoist alone amid men.
Yet even this man can hope for redemption; the end tells us if he repents deep within himself. If we accept this interpretation, this book probably represents the apogee of this strange and tortured current that was Christian existentialism.
May 21, 2017
螝伪蟿蔚尾蔚委蟿蔚 蟽蔚 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 违螤螣螕螘螜螣- 蟽伪蟼 蟽蠀渭尾慰蠀位蔚蠉蠅 伪谓蔚蟺喂蠁蠀位伪魏蟿伪 谓伪 魏伪蟿蔚尾蔚委蟿蔚.
螛伪 蟽蠀谓伪谓蟿萎蟽蔚蟿蔚 苇谓伪谓 伪谓蟿委-萎蟻蠅伪 伪蟺慰渭慰谓蠅渭苇谓慰,蔚蠀纬蔚谓萎,蔚纬蠅魏蔚谓蟿蟻喂魏蠈 蟺慰蠀 胃伪 蟽伪蟼 未喂伪蠁蠅蟿委蟽蔚喂 蠅蟼 蟺蟻慰蟼 蟿慰 蟺伪蟻维未慰尉慰 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟿蟻伪纬喂魏蠈 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠉蟺伪蟻尉畏蟼.

螚 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪,畏 蟽蠀谓伪委蟽胃畏蟽畏,畏 伪纬维蟺畏,畏 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏 尾慰蠉位畏蟽畏,蟿慰 伪蟺蟻蠈尾位蔚蟺蟿慰 魏伪喂 蟿慰 伪蠂维蟻喂蟽蟿慰 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 蠁蠉蟽畏蟼.

" 螤蟻蠋蟿伪 蟺蟻蠋蟿伪,未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻慰蠉蟽伪 渭伪 伪纬伪蟺萎蟽蠅,纬喂伪蟿喂,蟿慰 尉伪谓伪位苇蠅,纬喂伪 渭苇谓伪 伪纬维蟺畏 胃伪 蟺蔚喂 谓伪 蟿蠀蟻伪谓谓维蟼 魏伪喂 谓伪 魏蠀蟻喂伪蟻蠂蔚委蟼 蟽蟿畏谓 蠄蠀蠂萎 蟿慰蠀 维位位慰蠀"

螠蔚 蟺慰位位萎 渭伪蔚蟽蟿蟻委伪 慰 魏维蟿慰喂魏慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 蠀蟺蠈纬蔚喂慰蠀 渭伪蟼 蔚尉畏纬蔚委 蟺蠅蟼 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 伪蟺慰 蟿畏 蠁蠉蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 位伪蟿蟻蔚蠉蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟺蔚蟻喂蠈蟻喂蟽蟿畏 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰谓 慰未畏纬蔚委 蟽蟿畏谓 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁萎.
螠苇蟽伪 伪蟺慰 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 伪蟻喂蟽蟿慰蠉蟻纬畏渭伪 慰 巍蠋蟽慰蟼 蠀蟺维位位畏位慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 未畏渭慰蟽委慰蠀 渭伪蟼 蟺蟻慰蟽魏伪位蔚委 蟽蟿畏谓 蠀蟺蠈纬蔚喂伪 蠁蠀位伪魏萎 蟿慰蠀 纬喂伪 谓伪 渭伪蟼 蔚尉畏纬萎蟽蔚喂 渭苇蟽伪 伪蟺慰 尾喂蠅渭伪蟿喂魏苇蟼 喂蟽蟿慰蟻委蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼 蟺蠅蟼 蔚喂谓伪喂 伪魏蟻喂尾蠋蟼 委未喂慰蟼 蠁蠈尾慰蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪纬维蟺畏蟼 魏伪喂 蟿畏蟼 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪蟼.

螝伪蟿蔚尾蔚委蟿蔚 渭蔚 蟺慰位蠉 蟺维胃慰蟼 魏伪喂 魏伪胃蠈位慰蠀 蠁蠈尾慰 蟽蔚 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 蟺慰位蠀魏伪喂蟻喂蟽渭蔚谓慰 魏伪喂 蟽魏慰蟿蔚喂谓蠈 蠀蟺蠈纬蔚喂慰 渭蔚 伪蟺蔚蟻喂蠈蟻喂蟽蟿畏 胃苇伪 蟽蟿畏谓 蠄蠀蠂萎 蟿蠅谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺蠅谓....
螣 未维蟽魏伪位慰蟼 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰 魏伪蟿慰喂魏蔚委 胃伪 蟽伪蟼 蟺蔚喂 蟺蠅蟼 蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂 谓伪 渭喂蟽蔚委蟿蔚 胃伪谓维蟽喂渭伪 蠈蟿喂 蠁蠀位伪魏委味蔚喂 蟿畏谓 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪 蟿畏蟼 尾慰蠉位畏蟽畏蟼 魏伪喂 渭蔚 蠈位畏 蟿畏谓 渭蔚纬伪位慰蟺蟻苇蟺蔚喂伪 蟿畏谓 魏伪位慰蟽蠉谓畏 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 渭蔚纬伪位慰蠄蠀蠂委伪 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰谓 未喂伪魏蟻委谓蔚喂 - 蟺伪蟻维 蟿喂蟼 蟿伪蟺蔚喂谓蠋蟽蔚喂蟼 魏伪喂 蟿喂蟼 魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻慰蠁苇蟼 蟿慰蠀-胃伪 蟺蟻慰蟽蟺伪胃萎蟽蔚喂 渭蠈谓慰 渭蔚 蟿慰 "尾位苇渭渭伪 渭伪蟼" 蟺慰蠀 蟿慰 蠂蔚喂 渭蔚纬维位畏 伪谓维纬魏畏 纬喂伪 谓伪 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 魏伪喂 谓伪 蟺蟻蔚蟽尾蔚蠉蔚喂 蟿伪 蟺喂蟽蟿蔚蠉蠅 蟿慰蠀,谓伪 尾蟻蔚喂 纬伪位萎谓畏 魏伪喂 蠂伪蟻维, 渭喂位蠋谓蟿伪蟼 伪蟺慰 苇谓伪 违蟺蠈纬蔚喂慰 "魏慰蟿苇蟿蟽喂" 纬蔚渭维蟿慰 蟻蔚伪位喂蟽渭蠈 蟺慰蠀 未蔚谓 未喂伪蠁苇蟻蔚喂 魏伪胃蠈位慰蠀 伪蟺慰 苇谓伪 " 魏蟻蠀蟽蟿维位位喂谓慰 蟺伪位维蟿喂" 纬蔚渭维蟿慰 胃蠀蟽喂伪蟽渭蔚谓蔚蟼 渭苇蟽伪 蟽蟿慰 蠄苇渭伪 味蠅苇蟼!!

螝伪位萎 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽畏!!
螤慰位位慰蠉蟼 伪蟽蟺伪蟽渭慰蠉蟼!!
Profile Image for Dream.M.
902 reviews455 followers
April 19, 2021
禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 丕乇夭丕賳 蹖丕 乇賳噩 賲鬲毓丕賱蹖責
亘丿賵賳 賱丨馗賴 丕蹖 鬲乇丿蹖丿 賵 爻丕賳鬲蹖 賲丕賳鬲丕賱 亘丕夭蹖
禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 丕乇夭丕賳 乇賵 亘丕蹖丿 丿賵丿爻鬲蹖 趩爻亘蹖丿.
丿賵爻鬲丕蹖 禺賵卮诏賱賲貙 賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賯卮賳诏 賵 賲鬲毓丕賱蹖 丿乇 乇賳噩 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴. 丕蹖賳賵 亘乇丕蹖 诏賵賱 夭丿賳 丕丿賲賴丕蹖 乇賳噩 讴卮蹖丿賴 賵 亘丿亘禺鬲 丿乇爻鬲 讴乇丿賳 鬲丕 丕賲蹖丿卮賵賳 乇賵 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賳丿賳 賵 亘卮賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇卮賵賳 讴乇丿.
丕賳爻丕賳 蹖讴亘丕乇 亘賴 丿賳蹖丕 賲蹖丕丿 賵 亘毓丿 丕夭 賲乇诏 賴賲 賴蹖趩蹖 賵噩賵丿 賳丿丕乇賴. 倬爻 丿賱鬲賵賳 亘賴 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丿爻鬲鬲賵賳 賳蹖爻鬲 禺賵卮 賳讴賳蹖丿.
Profile Image for Michael.
Author听3 books1,467 followers
March 19, 2019
Absolutely brilliant and penetrating analysis of human nature in all its vainglorious ridiculousness. Dostoyevsky is especially insightful in taking down what I'll loosely call "rationalism"--the belief (somewhat popular then and surprisingly popular now) that people act in a rationally self-interested way, especially if they're made aware of where their self-interest lies. This book should be required reading for nearly every economics department in the US, where such fantasies still rule the day! The character of the Underground Man is like a child yelling "the emperor has no clothes!," except that he's also an emperor and is talking about himself and making the point that nobody else has any clothes either.

By the way, I read this in the Pevear and Volokhonsky translation, and while I've had my quibbles with their work in the past, this is terrifically well-done and captures more of the humor than I've seen in other translations.
Profile Image for Valeriu Gherghel.
Author听6 books1,958 followers
May 9, 2024
S膬 cercet膬m succint povestirea lui Dostoievski. Presupun - am aceast膬 naivitate - c膬 toat膬 lumea 葯tie deja faptele. 脦n esen葲膬, 鈥灻畁semn膬rile鈥� prezint膬 confesiunea unui ins m膬cinat, mai presus de orice, de singur膬tate 葯i mizantropie. De葯i spune despre el c膬 are un suflet nobil, omul din subteran膬 jigne葯te f膬r膬 motiv o femeie naiv膬. Dac膬 femeia n-ar fi naiv膬, s-ar feri, poate, s-o jigneasc膬.

鈥濫roul鈥� se caracterizeaz膬 printr-o complet膬 inabilitate social膬. Vrea s膬 fie iubit, admirat, glorificat pentru unicitatea lui, vrea s膬 atrag膬 aten葲ia etc. Lipsa pre葲uirii generale, indiferen葲a celorlal葲i 卯l 卯mping c膬tre gesturi proste葯ti. Vrea ca lumea s膬 se poarte dup膬 regulile prescrise de propria lui voin葲膬. Nu b膬nuie葯te faptul c膬 oamenii reali s卯nt mai complica葲i, mai obscuri dec卯t personajele din c膬r葲i, mai liberi. C膬 oamenii s卯nt vii 葯i, 卯n m膬sura 卯n care s卯nt vii, reac葲ioneaz膬 imprevizibil. Citez: 鈥濵膬 obi葯nuisem s膬 g卯ndesc 葯i s膬 imaginez totul cum scrie la carte, ca 葯i cum toat膬 lumea ar fi exact a葯a cum am f膬urit-o eu 卯n visele mele鈥� (p.164).

Dup膬 o reuniune ratat膬 cu colegii, omul din subteran膬 merge la un a葯a-zis 鈥瀖agazin de mod膬鈥� (un bordel, de fapt). Nu are un scop precis. Vrea s膬-葯i descarce sufletul 葯i, 卯n acela葯i timp, s膬 insulte pe cineva. Hazardul 卯l ajut膬 s膬-l g膬seasc膬. Acolo 葲ine un discurs elevat unei fete naive, de葯i la propriu nu-i pas膬 de ea. Bine卯n葲eles, nu este c卯tu葯i de pu葲in sincer, folose葯te fraze stereotipe, care nu-i apar葲in 葯i 卯n care nici el nu crede. Liza 卯ns膬葯i observ膬 falsitatea predicii: 鈥濪umneata vorbe葯ti ca din carte鈥�. Ipocritul r膬spunde: 鈥濶u, Liza, s膬 nu crezi c膬 vorbesc ca din carte, c卯nd 葯i mie mi-e sc卯rb膬 s膬 repet ce-au spus al葲ii鈥� (pp.131-132).

脦i prezice fetei c膬 va ajunge r膬u, c膬 o a葯teapt膬 un sf卯r葯it jalnic. C卯nd va muri, groparii 鈥瀘r s膬 astupe c卯t pot de repede groapa cu lut v卯n膬t 葯i-or s膬 se duc膬 la cr卯葯m膬鈥�. Liza 卯l crede pe cuv卯nt, izbucne葯te 卯n pl卯ns, se c膬ie葯te. Purtarea ei 卯l surprinde, fiindc膬 via葲a 卯ns膬葯i 卯l ia 卯ntotdeauna prin surprindere:

鈥炄榯iam c膬 vorbesc dens, stereotip, chiar livresc, 卯ntr-un cuv卯nt, nu m膬 pricepeam s膬 vorbesc altfel dec卯t 'ca din carte'. Dar asta nu m膬 deranja: 葯tiam doar, presim葲eam c膬 m膬 va 卯n葲elege 葯i c膬, poate, stilul livresc va fi de folos inten葲iei mele. Dar acum, ob葲in卯nd efectul scontat, m膬 speriasem鈥� (p.138). Dac膬 a avut o inten葲ie, naratorul n-a b膬nuit nici o clip膬 c膬 discursul lui va avea ecou, c膬 fata va fi cuprins膬 de remu葯c膬ri. C卯nd se despart, 卯i las膬 adresa, de葯i sper膬 din tot sufletul c膬 fata n-o s膬-l caute, c膬 fata nu va veni.

Din p膬cate, 卯n chip nea葯teptat, Liza 卯i face o vizit膬, fiindc膬 vrea pur 葯i simplu s膬-l vad膬, fiindc膬 a crezut 卯n vorbele lui 葯i s-a l膬sat am膬git膬: vrea s膬 p膬r膬seasc膬 bordelul. El nu este capabil s膬 priceap膬 cu limpezime motivul venirii fetei (sau nu vrea), 卯i este ru葯ine de el 卯nsu葯i, de s膬r膬cia lui, de banalitatea lui, 葯i se comport膬 卯n chipul cel mai odios. O jigne葯te dinadins: 卯i d膬 bani. Apoi o 卯ndeamn膬 f膬葲i葯 s膬 plece. Liza las膬 banii pe mas膬 葯i fuge. El 卯葯i d膬 seama prea t卯rziu c卯t de murdar s-a purtat.

Livresc 卯nseamn膬, a葯adar, fals, calculat, inoportun: 鈥濧ceast膬 cruzime era at卯t de simulat膬, at卯t de cerebral膬, at卯t de pl膬smuit膬, livresc膬, 卯nc卯t eu 卯nsumi..., cuprins de ru葯ine..., m-am repezit pe urmele ei... Plecase鈥� (p.169).

Din prea mult膬 sensibilitate 葯i g卯ndire, omul livresc se comport膬 ca un tic膬los.
Profile Image for Piyangie.
587 reviews699 followers
April 4, 2025
I found Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground to be quite a different work from his other works. Dostoevsky's writing style adopted in this novella and the dominating existentialism has much to contribute to this difference.

The novella is of two parts. The first part consists of a bitter rambling of an unnamed narrator who is called the "underground man" (he is understood to be a retired civil servant living in St. Petersburg). This bitter rambling extends to Petersburg society and civilization, and even to laws of nature, and the underground man criticizes how these concepts dictate human action and behaviour. Dostoevsky's existentialist views are expressed in this part of the story. Existentialists believed and advocated independent choice of will of people and the freedom to exercise that will. They were of the view that without submitting to any outside force humans should be governed by their beliefs and desires.

The second part of the novella consists of the story proper. This part describes certain events that took place in the life of the underground man. This is where the readers gain a good understanding of his character. He is bitter and contemptuous and seems to be suffering from some sort of complex. His thoughts are so contradictory signifying his mental instability. At the same time, there is also a cunning and cruel nature. He seems to be taking immense pleasure at crushing who are helpless when he is unable to fight off his betters. This part of the story displays Dostoevsky's love for exploring human psychology.

The underground man is an anti-hero. He is not a character to be liked, nor pitied. This is my first Dostoevsky experience with such a character. And to be quite honest, I read all his thoughts and actions with utter disgust. This is one of the reasons I love Dostoevsky. He brings strong emotions out of the readers.

What stands out Dostoevsky is, of course, his writing. With the use of both monologue (first part) and descriptive (second part) forms, he writes this novella in a clever and engaging way. This was not a pleasant reading experience. The content was quite disturbing. But even then Dostoevsky manages to exercise humour to lighten the unpleasantness and unburden your mind.

Dostoevsky's creativity continually amazes me. The more I read him, the more I'm in awe of his ingenuity. This was not an easy read for me. My sensitive self was rebelling against the vile behaviour of the underground man. But yet something held me on. That is no doubt the skill of a great master. And no one can doubt that of Dostoevsky.

More of reviews can be found at
Profile Image for Jim Fonseca.
1,139 reviews8,141 followers
October 3, 2023
It鈥檚 been a while since I read anything by good old Fyodor. How鈥檚 this for opening lines? 鈥淚 am a sick man. I am a spiteful man. I am an unattractive man.鈥�

Our 40-ish crazy guy has received an inheritance so he has retired from his job as a government clerk: 鈥淚 was a spiteful official. I was rude and took pleasure in being so. I did not take bribes, you see, so I was bound to find a recompense in that, at least.鈥� He鈥檚 the type of guy who enjoys taking offense for nothing and after a while he becomes genuinely offended.

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Then he goes on to say, in effect, 'not really, actually I have good urges but they can鈥檛 come out.鈥� At one point he says 鈥淚 want to tell you how鈥hy I could not become an insect鈥︹€� and I wondered if this line may have been an inspiration to Kafka for Metamorphosis? Surely Kafka read a lot of Dostoevsky.

The story is heavy on psychology and philosophy and this work is one of the earliest existential novels.

We are treated to a discourse on how people ease their own suffering by inflicting it on others, such as a man with a toothache who moans all night keeping the family awake.

Then we get a discourse on how people act contrary to their best interests. They do perverse things just to exercise their free will. And how do we know what鈥檚 in anybody鈥檚 鈥榖est interest鈥� anyway?

Obviously this guy has no friends. In fact he likes the idea that people think of him with loathing because that鈥檚 what he feels about himself 鈥淚 hated my face for instance: I thought it disgusting.鈥� He tells us he goes out at night to indulge in 鈥榟orrible vices.鈥�

These musings make up the first half of the book. The second half is mostly the tale of a long drunken night, so I鈥檒l say SPOILERS FOLLOW, although I don't think this is a book anyone reads for its plot.

The next section revolves around a dinner that he invites himself to. It鈥檚 his old schoolmates who have no use for him and the feeling is mutual. Why does he go? At the dinner he gets drunk, insults everyone, and shows himself to be the fool that he is. He talks about challenging people to a duel and lucky for him he鈥檚 such a drunken ass that no one takes him seriously.

Then he goes to a prostitute and starts trying to talk her out of the life she is leading. He tells her of the pleasures of leading a normal life and having a family. Even though she tells him he 鈥榮ounds like a book,鈥� he succeeds in inspiring her to think about giving up her profession. When the poor woman shows up at his door, he changes his tune and goes on a monologue about how love is tyranny.

That鈥檚 too bad because the only help for this kind of guy is a good caring woman. But what are the chances of any sane person getting involved with him? Get thee to the couch.

description

Unlike many of the author鈥檚 other major works, this is a short work only about 135 pages, so really a novella. Worth a read because it helps us a bit in understanding some of the folks we run into on street corners.

Top picture, actor Harry Lloyd in a British theater production of the story from theguardian.com
The author (1821-1881) on a Russian stamp from Wiki

[Edited 10/3/23]
Profile Image for Ruxandra (4f膬r膬15).
251 reviews6,940 followers
December 26, 2020
cred c膬 ironia lui Dostoievski, at芒t de fin膬, e cheia interpret膬rii aici. naratorul romanului e o persoan膬 absolut dezagreabil膬 葯i-l va exaspera pe cititor, 卯ns膬 merit膬 s膬-i ascul葲i povestea cu aten葲ie (葯i, bine卯n葲eles, distan葲芒ndu-te de perspectiva lui). citind 脦nsemn膬ri din subteran膬, mi-am tot adus aminte de , marea deosebire fiind, totu葯i, c膬 Dostoievski, fa葲膬 de Goethe, 葯tia s膬 spun膬 o poveste bun膬 cu mult umor.


脦ntr-un roman e nevoie de un erou, iar aici sunt 卯苍补诲颈苍蝉 adunate toate tr膬s膬turile pentru un antierou 葯i, mai ales, toate astea vor produce impresia cea mai nepl膬cut膬 cu putin葲膬, deoarece ne-am dezobi葯nuit cu to葲ii de via葲膬, 葯chiop膬t膬m cu to葲ii 卯n privin葲a asta, unii mai mult, al葲ii mai pu葲in. Ne-am dezobi葯nuit chiar 卯ntr-o asemenea m膬sur膬,卯nc芒t sim葲im uneori un fel de dezgust fa葲膬 de adev膬rata 鈥渧ia葲膬 vie鈥� 葯i de aceea nici nu suport膬m s膬 ne aminteasc膬 cineva de ea.
Profile Image for Guille.
926 reviews2,868 followers
May 21, 2019
Sumergido en la primera parte de la novela, pens茅 muchas veces que la obra llegar铆a a encabezar la lista de mi personal Olimpo literario cuya etiqueta bien podr铆a ser la de literatura a martillazos, con permiso de Nietzsche, pensador que se paseaba por mi mente bastante a menudo mientras dur贸 su lectura. Me refiero a ese tipo de literatura nada complaciente ni con el lector en la forma ni con el retrato del ser humano en el fondo. La literatura que azota conciencias, que remueve subsuelos, que no deja t铆tere con cabeza, y que adem谩s lo hace de forma nada sutil ni soterrada, vomitando golpes, desde la pasi贸n o la rabia o la desesperaci贸n.

Sent铆a respeto por su atormentado y contradictorio protagonista, capaz de re铆rse de s铆 mismo, de no tomarse en serio; ese individuo que, tras expresar su frustraci贸n con toda la pasi贸n de un hombre desesperado, pod铆a finalizar su discurso con un 鈥渂ah, y qu茅 importa en el fondo todo esto鈥�. Pod铆a empatizar con su infelicidad, con ese, que dijo George Steiner, que es "El hombre de las grandes profundidades (que) posee la inteligencia sin la potencia, el deseo sin los medios."... y, quiz谩s lo peor de todo, la conciencia de todo ello.

Esa conciencia que nos hace reflexionar sobre nosotros, sobre el mundo, que nos hace indagar sobre lo bueno y lo malo, esa conciencia que, como nos dice Dostoievski, si est谩 hipertrofiada como la del hombre inteligente, no nos lleva sino a un callej贸n sin salida, al absurdo de la vida, a la ausencia de "principios fundamentales, bases con las que asentarse" y, por consiguiente, a la inacci贸n y al aburrimiento existencial.

Es imposible no esbozar una sonrisa triste y c贸mplice ante la postura de este funcionario que desgarra sus ropajes ante nosotros. 驴Que tenemos conciencia? Pues asum谩moslo hasta las 煤ltimas consecuencias: que se imponga nuestra voluntad, nuestro af谩n de independencia, el poder que confiere estar por encima de todo y de todos. Si nos da porque 2+2 son cinco, pues cinco ser谩n. Hay que desterrar la raz贸n. Asumamos la mayor rebeld铆a posible ante la naturaleza que se nos impone, vayamos contra nosotros mismos, seamos malos con los que podemos, humill茅monos con los que nos pueden y suframos por lo uno y por lo otro, y, lo que todav铆a es aun m谩s revolucionario, disfrutemos de ese sufrimiento, sintamos placer en sumergirnos en el fango, aunque sea el placer de la autocompasi贸n, y volvamos a despreciarnos por ese placer y volvamos a disfrutar de ese mismo desprecio.


Pero lleg贸 la segunda parte, donde todo lo dicho hasta ahora se vuelve parodia, donde alcanzamos a comprender todo el patetismo de este ser que quiere ser 茅l sin serlo, que llena su desprecio del mundo con unas fantas铆as delirantes e hilarantes. Su rebeld铆a contra la naturaleza, esa voluntad que todo lo puede, no era m谩s que la imposibilidad de alcanzar lo que anhela y que solo consigue en sus fantas铆as. Es el retrato de un cobarde que se desprecia despreci谩ndonos a todos.

Del respeto por el personaje pas茅 a la solidaridad con este ser desdichado e impotente, a la compasi贸n ante su debilidad, ante el sufrimiento que comporta su exacerbado ego铆smo; ante su imposibilidad de amar o de vivir en el amor. C贸mo no apiadarse de esa necesidad de castigo, de humillaci贸n por parte de los otros que redima aunque sea infinitesimalmente la culpa que arrastra, culpa que reconoce como suya sin ser suya. Quien puede no justificar ese rencor y deseo de venganza contra todos, pero, sobre todo, contra s铆 mismo que le impide aprovechar las pocas oportunidades que se le presentan y que el 煤nico pecado que cometi贸 es no saber vivir.
Profile Image for Paul Bryant.
2,362 reviews11.9k followers
April 10, 2015
Literary Characters React to Notes from the Underground


Eeyore

This Accounts for a Good Deal. It Explains Everything. In Life, you see, we can't all, and some of us don't. Gaiety. Song-and-dance. Here we go round the mulberry bush. This book is telling everybody 鈥淲e can look for the North Pole, or we can play 'Here we go gathering Nuts in May' with the end part of an ants' nest. It's all the same to me." Amusing in a quiet way, but not really helpful.

Piglet

Help, help! A hexistentialist! A horrible hexistentialist! Hex, hex! A hexistible horribilist! Oh my鈥� I know it鈥檚 only a story. But, it is hard to be brave when you are a very small animal entirely surrounded by despair.

Shrek

Well, it鈥檚 about this guy and he lives under some floorboards somewhere in a hovel, and he鈥檚 full of rage and horror and bile, like. Talks about toothache a lot. When I was reading this book I was thinking, I know this guy. This guy is my cousin. He鈥檚 a right misery. He鈥檇 split your head open for a tuppeny bit.

Woody

(sings)

You've got a fiend in me
You've got a fiend in me
You got troubles and I got 'em too
There isn't anything I wouldn't do
To make everything twice as bad for you
'Cause you've got a fiend in me

Ha ha. That鈥檚 a parody. Did you get that? Friend 鈥� fiend! See? Okay, don鈥檛 knock yourself out.

Peter Pan

When the first baby laughed for the first time, its laugh broke into a thousand pieces, and they all went skipping about, and that was the beginning of fairies. Now when the first baby fell out of its pram and banged its little head on the hard hard floor, it howled for the first time, and its howl broke into a thousand pieces, and they all went crawling around, and that was the beginning of Dostoyevsky.

Mary Poppins

I propose to dispense with the a spoonful of sugar, Mr Under the Floorboards. So it鈥檚 two Xanax on retiring and two at noon. Is that understood? Upon my soul, no more of that please. We are not a codfish.

Tony Soprano

I got a steel-jacketed antidepressant right here, just say so it鈥檚 yours.

Cher Horowitz

There鈥檚 like this creep who lives in the ground, I think like Lord of the Rings, what鈥檚 those things, bobbits? Anyway he hates everything and he doesn鈥檛 have the internet. At least the bobbits got to travel. Not this dude. I mean, this is like from history so you know, there is a severe lack of things like credit cards and betties to pay for with the credit cards. . Way back then people were barely alive. I can鈥檛 even believe there were any people back then. So he鈥檚 waaa waaa everything I think and everything I do is wrong but hey, I like having toothache. I know! He鈥檚 just totally clueless. Reading this really wigged me out. Okay, all right, reading Spark Notes on this wigged me out. I was Seriously? And this is good because?

Profile Image for Henry Avila.
535 reviews3,324 followers
July 3, 2024
This the alleged hero hates the world and himself even more, they seem indifferent though, an unknown anti-hero no I take that back the term should be a stupid man who does everything to sabotage his life a masochist maybe ? As examples : the only woman silly enough to love him, Liza a prostitute needing a friend and savior, pours her emotional feelings seeking love but rejected... Can you imagine, the loathsome creature... his childhood a loose word which is quite inaccurate, the orphan's sufferings , loneliness a better one, the "friends" from old school days he annoys greatly they despise him to the fullest degree at a strained dinner party, drunk and out of control doing all to cause anger . His servant Apollon, an older gentleman with a mutual society of high emotions both intensely feel pain and uneasiness when together an absurd concept still, the poverty stricken man with a lackey, the narrator deliberately took a lower paying government job...acts insane in rages, his self -hate causing the inevitable downfall , punishment for the simple reason he doesn't deserve to be happy, his early years with no parents brings so many agonies to mind. An unbelievably strange human however, likes to hurt his soul for some perceived transgression committed in the distant past. Russian literature is full of the dark sufferings yet there can be nothing besides it on earth as good; The emotional ever changing but always negative in results like the cynical bureaucrat living in filth the apartment so small the poor are amazed, the man's pathetic notes are really memoirs of a life not well spent or worth living. Dostoyevsky novella a mixture of the bizarre and the weird can a person exist alone in this wide Earth turning his back to people wanting no love he says yet on the contrary needs it desperately we almost feel sorry for the almost man , the sad narrative of the human spirit going bad and very wrong. Some readers if not a majority will ask what is this? Others reading between the lines thinking there must be something there or else a hidden meaning the great writer is trying to convey the simple notion ...people are not individuals but a tribe. They thrive in a group as history shows, civilization began because of this, together everything is possible even contentment. A case of what if he had chosen another path things would've been a lot brighter ...
Profile Image for Fernando.
718 reviews1,067 followers
November 7, 2024
"Dostoievski, el 煤nico psic贸logo, dicho sea de paso, que me ha ense帽ado algo. Dostoievski ha sido una de las mayores suertes de mi vida, m谩s incluso que mi descubrimiento de Stendhal." Friedrich Nietzsche, El ocaso de los 铆dolos

Amargado, resentido, contestatario, recalcitrante, 谩cido, ir贸nico, irreverente, negativo, acomplejado, cruel, pesimista...
Estos pueden ser algunos de los adjetivos calificativos que el lector puede darle al narrador de "Memorias del subsuelo", uno de los libros m谩s dif铆ciles de rese帽ar del inmortal Fi贸dor Dostoievski, a quien tanto admiro.
Este hombre cuarent贸n, refugiado en su cuchitril dispara dardos venenosos contra la sociedad de su 茅poca, contra la famosa "Inteligentsia" rusa, tan de boga en esos a帽os, contra los intelectuales atildados y pol铆ticamente correctos sin dejar de chorrear 谩cido por los cuatro costados.
Dostoievski, quien ven铆a juntando presi贸n debido a sus problemas personales, a los desenga帽os que la literatura le propin贸 a mazazos y con la carga de haber saldado su deuda luego de esos interminables cuatro a帽os de prisi贸n en Siberia ("Esa noche tuve pesadillas horribles. No era extra帽o, pues durante el d铆a hab铆a recordado los a帽os de c谩rcel que hab铆an sido mis a帽os de estudio"), puso en este narrador todos sus pensamientos m谩s negativos, crueles y desp贸ticos sabiendo que muchas de las personas que en ese 1864 leyeran este manifiesto, tomar铆an el guante y posiblemente se sintieran ofendidas ante palabras tan hirientes pero tambi茅n certeras que se les propinaba.
"Quienquiera o铆r que oiga", dijo don Fi贸dor mientras despotricaba contra medio mundo, contra los hip贸critas, los d茅biles, los chicos buenos, contra los pacatos y los aduladores de cuarta categor铆a. Nadie se salv贸 de su cr铆tica, a la que disfraz贸 de ex empleado atrincherado en un mugroso cuarto subterr谩neo.
Las palabras del narrador del subsuelo son de car谩cter anticipatorio, dado que vislumbran lo que en pocos a帽os m谩s suceder铆a en Rusia entre las distintas clases sociales. Dice lo que muchos piensan pero pocos se atreven a decir; habla con paradojas ("Ustedes creen en el palacio de cristal, al que no se le podr谩 sacar la lengua ni amenazar a escondidas. Pues bien, yo desconf铆o de ese palacio, porque justamente es de cristal e indestructible" o "Evidentemente, no puedo romper la pared con la cabeza, por que mis fuerzas no me alcanzan para ello; pero me niego a aceptarla simplemente porque sea de piedra y yo no tenga fuerzas para romperla").
El hombre del subsuelo es inconformista, no se soporta ni a s铆 mismo y vomita su rencor y su odio a los cuatro vientos sin temor, pero a la vez, es un hombre que m谩s all谩 de saber que est谩 en una posici贸n desventajosa, cree firmemente en la voluntad del hombre, en sus intereses y los sopesa con dignas dosis de raz贸n y deseos.
Este personaje tan peculiar, con sus ideas tan radicales y extremas ser谩 el puntapi茅 de partida para otros personajes de tintes bastante similares que Dostoievski crear谩 para sus novelas futuras. Anticipa una mente tan retorcida como autocompasiva como es la de Rodion Rom谩novich Rask贸lnikov en "Crimen y castigo", compare ideales revolucionarios con Piotr Verjovenski, y Nikolai Stavroguin de "Los demonios", tiene puntos en com煤n con el costado m谩s oscuro de Iv谩n y Dmitri Karamazov y posee afinidades con Arcady Dolgoruki de "El adolescente", quien desarrollar谩 una interesante teor铆a denominada "idea-rinc贸n".
Siempre, en las novelas de Dostoievski nos encontramos con personajes emparentados con el subsuelo. El caso de Smerdiakov en "Los hermanos Karamazov" es uno de los m谩s emblem谩ticos. Svidrig谩ilov en "Crimen y castigo" es taimado, raro e impredecible y el pr铆ncipe Sokolski de la novela "El adolescente" puede ser fr铆volo y cruel. Esta es la personalidad que tambi茅n se autoimponen los mismos personajes ya que forman parte de la polifon铆a creada por Dostoievski en sus novelas.
Hay una frase de uno de sus libros que aparece en otra de sus novelas llamada "La aldea de Stepanchikovo" que dice "Un alma ruin, al salir de la opresi贸n, comienza a oprimir". Creo que esto es lo que le sucede al narrador de este libro y decide ponerlo en pr谩ctica en la segunda parte "A prop贸sito de la nieve derretida", en donde narra tres hechos que le sucedieron a la edad de 24 a帽os.
Aqu铆 todo se desarrolla en tres grandes escenas, en primer lugar cuando se encuentra con sus compa帽eros del trabajo, cuando estos tres deciden hacer una comida de despedida a uno de ellos y cuando luego de distintas situaciones que no lo dejan bien parado, termina en un febril y desvariado encuentro con una joven prostituta a la que quiere aleccionar en la vida. Posteriormente, sigue todo esto en su propia habitaci贸n involucr谩ndose su propio criado en la confusi贸n general.
Pero puede observarse que la segunda parte del libro es completamente distinta de la primera. A m铆 personalmente me gusta much铆simo m谩s la primera puesto que en ella se lo nota totalmente jugado y sin vuelta atr谩s, metido en una salsa como 茅l dice en "hecha de contradicciones, de sufrimientos y de amargos an谩lisis".
Anot茅 alrededor de treinta frases que se dicen y algunas de ellas, sirven para reconocer la maestr铆a de Dostoievski a la hora de penetrar en lo m谩s profundo del alma humana.
Algunas de ellas son realmente profundas:
"Uno, en el fondo, no cree en su sufrimiento, casi se r铆e, pero, a煤n no creyendo, y sufre de verdad."
"No digo que la civilizaci贸n hace al hombre m谩s sanguinario, pero s铆 mucho m谩s perverso, m谩s cobardemente sanguinario."
"El hombre, a veces, desea apasionadamente sufrir."
"El hombre siempre enumera sus pesares, pero no siempre se detiene a pensar en su felicidad."
"El hombre es est煤pido por naturaleza, totalmente est煤pido. Y es m谩s ingrato que est煤pido: es dif铆cil encontrar otro ser m谩s ingrato que 茅l."
"Cuando la voluntad se enfrente con la raz贸n, podremos razonar y ya no desear, porque a un ser que raz贸n le es imposible desear algo est煤pido, o ir en contra de la propia raz贸n."
"驴Qu茅 buscamos? 驴Qu茅 queremos? Nosotros mismos no lo sabemos. Es m谩s, si nuestros deseos se cumplieran, no nos sentir铆amos felices."

Puedo afirmar que dentro de todo lo que he le铆do, un solo libro se asemeja a este: me refiero a "La ca铆da", de Albert Camus, quien admiraba con devoci贸n al genial novelista ruso, aunque difiere en la variedad de temas tratados y el tenor de este libro no es tan cargado y visceral como el de Dostoievski.
Fi贸dor Dostoievski resume en la que considero la mejor frase de este libro lo que signific贸 su obra en su momento y a煤n hoy, en nuestros d铆as y nos da la real dimensi贸n de qui茅n fue verdaderamente como escritor y ser humano:
"En lo que a m铆 respecta, a lo largo de mi vida no he hecho m谩s que llevar al extremo todo lo que ustedes dejaron por la mitad."
Profile Image for Melina.
62 reviews73 followers
September 20, 2020
螠喂魏蟻蠈 蟽蟿慰 渭苇纬蔚胃慰蟼 伪位位维 蟿蔚蟻维蟽蟿喂慰 蟽蟿畏谓 慰蠀蟽委伪 蟿慰蠀 蟿慰 蟽蠀纬魏蔚魏蟻喂渭苇谓慰 尾喂尾位委慰. 螜未喂伪委蟿蔚蟻伪 蟿慰 蟺蟻蠋蟿慰 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀, 胃蠀渭委味蔚喂 蟺蔚蟻喂蟽蟽蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 蠁喂位慰蟽慰蠁喂魏蠈 未慰魏委渭喂慰 蟺伪蟻维 慰蟿喂未萎蟺慰蟿蔚 维位位慰. 惟未萎 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚位蔚蠉胃蔚蟻畏 尾慰蠉位畏蟽畏 魏伪喂 蟽蟿畏谓 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀 魏伪喂 魏蟻喂蟿喂魏萎 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚蟺喂魏蟻维蟿畏蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰蠀 慰蟻胃慰位慰纬喂蟽渭慰蠉, 蟿畏蟼 位慰纬喂魏萎蟼 魏伪喂 蟿蠅谓 魏伪胃喂蔚蟻蠅渭苇谓蠅谓 魏慰喂谓蠅谓喂魏蠋谓 谓慰蟻渭蠋谓, 蠈蟺蠅蟼 蠀蟺慰未蔚喂魏谓蠉蔚喂 慰 未蠀蟿喂魏蠈蟼 蔚蠀蟻蠅蟺伪蠆魏蠈蟼 蟺慰位喂蟿喂蟽渭蠈蟼.

螚 位慰纬喂魏萎 伪蟺蠈 渭蠈谓畏 蟿畏蟼, 位苇蔚喂 慰 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂苇蠁蟽魏喂, 未蔚谓 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 慰蟻委蟽蔚喂 蟿喂 蔚委谓伪喂 畏胃喂魏蠈 魏伪喂 蟿喂 伪谓萎胃喂魏慰. 螚 位慰纬喂魏萎 魏伪喂 畏 魏蟻委蟽畏 未蔚谓 蔚委谓伪喂 蟿慰 蟺伪谓, 蔚委谓伪喂 苇谓伪 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟺伪谓蟿蠈蟼, 苇谓伪 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 蟽蠀谓蠈位慰蠀 伪蠀蟿慰蠉 蟿慰蠀 蟺慰位蠀蟽蠉谓胃蔚蟿慰蠀 魏伪喂 蟺慰位蠉蟺位慰魏慰蠀 慰蟻纬伪谓喂蟽渭慰蠉 蟺慰蠀 慰谓慰渭维味慰蠀渭蔚 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰, 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿维 蟿慰蠀 魏伪喂 畏 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪 蟿慰蠀 慰 蟺蠀蟻萎谓伪蟼 蟿畏蟼 畏胃喂魏萎蟼 蟿慰蠀. 螝伪喂 伪位萎胃蔚喂伪 蟺慰喂慰蟼 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 未喂伪蠁蠅谓萎蟽蔚喂 蟺蠅蟼 苇谓伪 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰 胃伪蠀渭伪蟽蟿蠈 慰谓, 蠈蟺蠅蟼 慰 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼, 未蔚谓 纬委谓蔚蟿伪喂 谓伪 伪蟺慰蟿蔚位蔚委蟿伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 伪蟺蠈 渭喂伪 慰蠀蟽委伪, 魏伪喂 未畏 伪蟺蠈 魏维蟿喂 蟿蠈蟽慰 蟽蟿蔚纬谓蠈 魏伪喂 魏伪蟿畏纬慰蟻畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠈 蠈蟽慰 畏 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿畏 位慰纬喂魏萎;

螕蟻维蠁蔚喂 蟽蟿慰 违蟺蠈纬蔚喂慰: 鈥樷€櫸� 魏蟻委蟽畏, 魏蠉蟻喂慰喂, 蔚委谓伪喂 魏伪位蠈 蟺蟻维纬渭伪, 伪蠀蟿蠈 蔚委谓伪喂 伪谓伪渭蠁喂蟽尾萎蟿畏蟿慰, 渭伪 畏 魏蟻委蟽畏 蔚委谓伪喂 渭慰谓维蠂伪 魏蟻委蟽畏 魏喂 喂魏伪谓慰蟺慰喂蔚委 渭慰谓维蠂伪 蟿喂蟼 位慰纬喂魏苇蟼 喂未喂蠈蟿畏蟿蔚蟼 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀, 蔚谓蠋 畏 尾慰蠉位畏蟽畏 蔚委谓伪喂 蔚魏未萎位蠅蟽畏 慰位蠈魏位畏蟻畏蟼 味蠅萎蟼, 未畏位伪未萎 慰位蠈魏位畏蟻畏蟼 蟿畏蟼 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺喂谓畏蟼 味蠅萎蟼 渭伪味委 渭蔚 蟿畏谓 魏蟻委蟽畏, 蟿畏 位慰纬喂魏萎 魏伪喂 蠈位伪 蟿伪 维位位伪. 螝伪喂 渭慰位慰谓蠈蟿喂 畏 味蠅萎 渭伪蟼, 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚魏未萎位蠅蟽畏 伪蠀蟿萎 魏伪蟿伪谓蟿维蔚喂 渭喂伪 渭喂魏蟻慰伪胃位喂蠈蟿畏蟿伪, 蟺维谓蟿伪 味蠅萎 蔚委谓伪喂 魏伪喂 蠈蠂喂 渭慰谓维蠂伪 蟿慰 蔚尉伪纬蠈渭蔚谓慰 蟿蔚蟿蟻伪纬蠅谓喂魏萎蟼 蟻委味伪蟼. 螘委谓伪喂 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿伪 蠁蠀蟽喂魏蠈 蟺蠂 谓伪 胃苇位蠅 谓伪 味萎蟽蠅 纬喂伪 谓伪 喂魏伪谓慰蟺慰喂萎蟽蠅 蠈位蔚蟼 渭慰蠀 蟿喂蟼 喂魏伪谓蠈蟿畏蟿蔚蟼 魏伪喂 蠈蠂喂 渭慰谓维蠂伪 纬喂伪 谓伪 喂魏伪谓慰蟺慰喂蠋 渭喂伪 渭蠈谓慰, 蟿畏谓 喂魏伪谓蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟿畏蟼 魏蟻委蟽畏蟼, 未畏位伪未萎 魏维蟺慰蠀 蟿慰 苇谓伪 蔚喂魏慰蟽蟿蠈 蟿畏蟼 蟽蠀谓慰位喂魏萎蟼 喂魏伪谓蠈蟿畏蟿维蟼 渭慰蠀 蟿畏蟼 味蠅萎蟼. 韦喂 尉苇蟻蔚喂 畏 魏蟻委蟽畏; 螚 魏蟻委蟽畏 尉苇蟻蔚喂 渭慰谓维蠂伪 蔚魏蔚委谓慰 蟺慰蠀 蟺蟻蠈蠁蟿伪蟽蔚 谓伪 渭维胃蔚喂鈥欌€�.

螖蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 渭喂伪 渭伪胃畏渭伪蟿喂魏萎 蔚尉委蟽蠅蟽畏 蠈蟺慰蠀 尾维味慰谓蟿伪蟼 魏维蟺慰喂慰蠀蟼 渭伪纬喂魏慰蠉蟼 蟽蠀谓蟿蔚位蔚蟽蟿苇蟼 胃伪 蟺维蟻慰蠀渭蔚 蟽伪谓 伪蟺慰蟿苇位蔚蟽渭伪 蟿畏谓 畏胃喂魏萎. 螖蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 蠁蠀蟽喂魏慰委 谓蠈渭慰喂 蟺慰蠀 谓伪 蠀蟺伪纬慰蟻蔚蠉慰蠀谓 蟿慰 魏伪位蠈 魏伪喂 蟿慰 魏伪魏蠈. 螖喂蠈蟿喂 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 伪渭喂纬蠋蟼 魏伪位蠈 魏伪喂 伪渭喂纬蠋蟼 魏伪魏蠈. 韦慰 魏伪位蠈 魏伪喂 蟿慰 魏伪魏蠈 蟽蠀谓蠀蟺维蟻蠂慰蠀谓 魏伪喂 蔚委谓伪喂 畏 蔚位蔚蠉胃蔚蟻萎 渭伪蟼 尾慰蠉位畏蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 渭伪蟼 蔚蟺喂蟿蟻苇蟺蔚喂 谓伪 蔚蟺喂位苇尉慰蠀渭蔚 蟽蔚 魏维胃蔚 蟺蔚蟻委蟽蟿伪蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 味蠅萎蟼 渭伪蟼 伪谓 胃伪 蟺蟻维尉慰蠀渭蔚 蟿慰 蟽蠅蟽蟿蠈 萎 蟿慰 位维胃慰蟼.

"螣 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 蔚尉蔚蟺委蟿畏未蔚蟼, 蟽蠀谓蔚喂未畏蟿维 谓伪 胃苇位蔚喂 魏维蟿喂 伪魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 尾位伪尾蔚蟻蠈 纬喂' 伪蠀蟿蠈谓, 魏维蟿喂 蟺慰位蠉 伪谓蠈畏蟿慰 渭维位喂蟽蟿伪, 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠉蟿慰 纬喂伪 谓伪' 蠂蔚喂 蟿慰 未喂魏伪委蠅渭伪 谓伪 胃苇位蔚喂 纬喂伪 蟿慰谓 蔚伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰蠀 魏维蟿喂, 苇蟽蟿蠅 魏喂 蔚谓蟿蔚位蠋蟼 伪谓蠈畏蟿慰, 魏伪喂 谓伪 渭畏谓 蔚委谓伪喂 未蔚蟽渭蔚蠀渭苇谓慰蟼 渭蔚 蟿畏谓 蠀蟺慰蠂蟻苇蠅蟽畏 谓伪 胃苇位蔚喂 渭慰谓维蠂伪 蟿伪 蟽蠅蟽蟿维 魏伪喂 位慰纬喂魏维. 螒蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 蔚谓蟿蔚位蠋蟼 伪谓蠈畏蟿慰, 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 魏伪蟺蟻委蟿蟽喂慰, 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 纬喂伪 渭伪蟼 蟿慰 蟽畏渭伪谓蟿喂魏蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 蟽蟿慰谓 魏蠈蟽渭慰, 蟽' 慰蟻喂蟽渭苇谓蔚蟼 渭维位喂蟽蟿伪 蟺蔚蟻喂蟺蟿蠋蟽蔚喂蟼. 螝伪喂 蟿蔚位喂魏维 渭蟺慰蟻蔚委 谓伪 '谓伪喂 畏 蟺喂慰 蠅蠁苇位喂渭畏 伪蟺' 蠈位蔚蟼 蟿喂蟼 蠅蠁苇位蔚喂蔚蟼, 伪魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 蟽蟿畏谓 蟺蔚蟻委蟺蟿蠅蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蠁伪谓蔚蟻维 渭伪蟼 尾位维蟺蟿蔚喂 魏喂 伪谓蟿喂尾伪委谓蔚喂 蟽蟿伪 蟺喂慰 纬蔚蟻维 蟽蠀渭蟺蔚蟻维蟽渭伪蟿伪 蟿畏蟼 魏蟻委蟽畏蟼 渭伪蟼 纬喂伪 蟿伪 蟽蠀渭蠁苇蟻慰谓蟿维 渭伪蟼 -纬喂伪蟿委 蔚谓 蟺维蟽畏 蟺蔚蟻喂蟺蟿蠋蟽蔚喂 未喂伪蟿畏蟻蔚委 纬喂伪 渭伪蟼 蟿慰 魏蠀蟻喂蠈蟿蔚蟻慰 魏伪喂 蟿慰 蟺蟻慰蟽蠁喂位苇蟽蟿蔚蟻慰, 未畏位伪未萎 蟿畏谓 蟺蟻慰蟽蠅蟺喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿维 渭伪蟼."

螠蔚 蟿慰谓 委未喂慰 伪魏蟻喂尾蠋蟼 蟿蟻蠈蟺慰 蟽蠀谓蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 畏 伪纬维蟺畏 渭蔚 蟿慰 渭委蟽慰蟼, 未蔚谓 蠀蟺维蟻蠂蔚喂 蟽伪蠁萎蟼 未喂伪蠂蠅蟻喂蟽渭蠈蟼, 渭蟺蔚蟻未蔚蠉慰谓蟿伪喂 蟿慰 苇谓伪 渭蔚 蟿慰 维位位慰, 伪位位畏位慰蔚蟺喂魏伪位蠉蟺蟿慰谓蟿伪喂 魏伪喂 蟿慰 苇谓伪 蟺蔚蟻喂位慰蠉味蔚喂 蟿慰 维位位慰.

螕蟻维蠁蔚喂 蟽蟿慰 未蔚蠉蟿蔚蟻慰 渭苇蟻慰蟼 蟿慰蠀 尾喂尾位委慰蠀:
"螆蠁蟿伪蟽伪 蟽蔚 蟽畏渭蔚委慰, 蟺慰蠀 蟿蠋蟻伪 魏维蟺慰蟿蔚 蟽魏苇蠁蟿慰渭伪喂 蟺蠅蟼 慰 苇蟻蠅蟿伪蟼 伪魏蟻喂尾蠋蟼 苇纬魏蔚喂蟿伪喂 蟽蟿慰 未喂魏伪委蠅渭伪 蟺慰蠀 蔚魏慰蠉蟽喂伪 未委谓蔚蟿伪喂 伪蟺'蟿慰 伪纬伪蟺蠋渭蔚谓慰 蟺蟻蠈蟽蠅蟺慰 谓伪 蟿慰 未蠀谓伪蟽蟿蔚蠉蟽蔚喂蟼".

螌 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 苇蠂蔚喂 蟽蠀谓蔚蠂蠋蟼 伪谓维纬魏畏 谓伪 伪蟺慰未蔚喂魏谓蠉蔚喂 蟿畏谓 伪蟿慰渭喂魏蠈蟿畏蟿伪 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪 蟿慰蠀, 谓伪 伪蟺慰未蔚喂魏谓蠉蔚喂 未畏位伪未萎 蟺蠅蟼 蔚委谓伪喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 魏伪喂 蠈蠂喂 ''苇谓伪 蟺位萎魏蟿蟻慰 蟽蔚 苇谓伪 蟺伪纬魏蠈蟽渭喂慰 蟺喂维谓慰 蟺慰蠀 位蔚喂蟿慰蠀蟻纬蔚委 蠀蟺蠈 蟿慰蠀蟼 伪蟺蠈位蠀蟿慰蠀蟼 谓蠈渭慰蠀蟼 蟿畏蟼 蠁蠀蟽喂魏萎蟼 魏伪喂 蟿蠅谓 渭伪胃畏渭伪蟿喂魏蠋谓''. 螒魏蠈渭伪 魏伪喂 伪谓 蟿慰蠀 蟿伪 未委谓伪谓蔚 蠈位伪 魏伪喂 未蔚谓 蠀蟺萎蟻蠂蔚 蟿委蟺慰蟿伪 蟺伪蟻伪蟺维谓蠅 谓伪 伪蟺慰味畏蟿维蔚喂, 胃伪 蟿伪 蟿委谓伪味蔚 蠈位伪 蟽蟿慰谓 伪苇蟻伪, 胃伪 伪蠀蟿慰魏伪蟿伪蟽蟿蟻蔚蠁蠈蟿伪谓 伪蟺位维 魏伪喂 渭蠈谓慰 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟿喂渭萎蟽蔚喂 蟿慰 蠉蠄喂蟽蟿慰 喂未伪谓喂魏蠈 蟿畏蟼 蔚位蔚蠀胃蔚蟻委伪蟼.

螕喂伪 蟿慰 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂苇蠁蟽魏喂, 蠈蟺蠅蟼 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿畏蟻喂蟽蟿喂魏维 纬蟻维蠁蔚喂: 韦慰 鈥樷€� 螖蠀慰 魏伪喂 未蠀慰 魏维谓慰蠀谓 蟿苇蟽蟽蔚蟻伪, 渭慰喂维味蔚喂 渭蔚 魏维蟺慰喂慰谓 伪蠀胃维未畏 蟺慰蠀 蟽蟿苇魏蔚蟿伪喂 蟽蟿畏 渭苇蟽畏 蟿慰蠀 未蟻蠈渭慰蠀, 渭蔚 蟿伪 蠂苇蟻喂伪 蟽蟿畏 渭苇蟽畏 魏伪喂 蟽慰蠀 蟿慰谓 蠁蟻维味蔚喂, 蟽蔚 蟺蟻慰魏伪位蔚委. 危蠀渭蠁蠅谓蠋, 未蠀慰 魏伪喂 未蠀慰 魏维谓慰蠀谓 蟿苇蟽蟽蔚蟻伪, 蔚委谓伪喂 苇尉慰蠂慰 蟺蟻维纬渭伪. 螌渭蠅蟼 魏伪渭喂维 蠁慰蟻维, 未蠀慰 魏伪喂 未蠀慰 魏维谓慰蠀谓 蟺苇谓蟿蔚 魏伪喂 伪蠀蟿蠈 蔚委谓伪喂 蟺喂慰 蠂伪蟻喂蟿蠅渭苇谓慰."

危蟿畏 未蔚蠉蟿蔚蟻畏 蔚谓蠈蟿畏蟿伪 蟺蔚蟻喂纬蟻维蠁慰谓蟿伪喂 魏维蟺慰喂伪 蟽蠀渭尾维谓蟿伪 蟿畏蟼 味蠅萎蟼 蟿慰蠀 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺慰蠀 蟺慰蠀 蟽蟿畏谓 蟺蟻蠋蟿畏 蔚谓蠈蟿畏蟿伪 魏维谓蔚喂 渭喂伪 蟽魏位畏蟻萎 伪蠀蟿慰魏蟻喂蟿喂魏萎. 螣喂 未蠉慰 蔚谓蠈蟿畏蟿蔚蟼 蟽蠀渭蟺位畏蟻蠋谓慰蠀谓 畏 渭委伪 蟿畏谓 维位位畏 魏伪喂 蟽蠀谓未苇慰谓蟿伪喂 渭蔚 渭喂伪 蟽蠂苇蟽畏 伪喂蟿委慰蠀 - 伪蟺慰蟿蔚位苇蟽渭伪蟿慰蟼.

螤慰位位维, 蟺维蟻伪 蟺慰位位维 伪魏蠈渭伪 渭蟺慰蟻蠋 谓伪 纬蟻维蠄蠅 纬喂伪 蟿慰 蟿喂 伪喂蟽胃萎渭伪蟿伪 魏伪喂 蟽魏苇蠄蔚喂蟼 渭慰蠀 蟺蟻慰魏维位蔚蟽蔚 伪蠀蟿蠈 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰! 螌渭蠅蟼 胃伪 魏位蔚委蟽蠅 蔚未蠋 魏伪喂 胃伪 蟺伪蟻伪胃苇蟽蠅 苇谓伪 魏伪蟿伪蟺位畏魏蟿喂魏蠈 尾喂谓蟿蔚维魏喂, 纬喂伪 伪蠀蟿慰蠉蟼 蟺慰蠀 苇蠂慰蠀谓 胃苇位畏蟽畏 魏伪喂 蠂蟻蠈谓慰, 蟺慰蠀 谓慰渭委味蠅 蟺蠅蟼 尾慰畏胃维蔚喂 蟺慰位蠉 蟽蟿畏谓 魏伪蟿伪谓蠈畏蟽畏 蟿畏蟼 蠁喂位慰蟽慰蠁委伪蟼 蟿慰蠀 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂苇蠁蟽魏喂 魏伪喂 蟿慰蠀 螡蟿慰蟽蟿慰纬喂蔚蠁蟽魏喂魏慰蠉 蠀蟺伪蟻尉喂蟽渭慰蠉.

Profile Image for Garima.
113 reviews1,961 followers
December 30, 2017

Shall the world go to hell, or shall I not have my tea? I say let the world go to hell, but I should always have my tea.

Thus Spoke Dostoevsky

There were many things for me to get excited about after finishing this novella (It鈥檚 a trap!) but the first and an essentially timeworn image which appeared in my mind was that of a small child, sitting in a corner after being rebuked by an elder for giving little or no thought about the world with its countless complexities and contradictions around her. Now, everything about that image is strictly metaphorical in nature but the important thing is that 鈥淚鈥� felt like a small child. Reading philosophical discourses whether in the form of a story or endless ramblings drenched in satirical juices does that to me and Mr. Dostoevsky, by way of these notes written by his Underground Man, made me both wriggle and relish in my noetic limitations.
But it is precisely in this cold, loathsome half-despair, half-belief, in this conscious burying oneself alive from grief for forty years in the underground, in this assiduously produced and yet somewhat dubious hopelessness of one鈥檚 position, in all this poison of unsatisfied desires penetrating inward, in all this fever of hesitations, of decisions taken forever, and repentances coming again a moment later, that the very sap of that strange pleasure I was talking about consists.
Divided into two parts, the first part, Underground is the abode of our unnamed narrator where he engages himself in all sorts of monologues ranging from talks of some really strange pleasures to the inevitable and self-imposed sufferings which further leads to the dissection of the human nature in the wake of reasoning, logic, goal, and most significantly, wanting & free will. All this is provided with a peculiar but apparently rational justifications or I thought they were rational in an unconventional but tremendously comical way.
And suddenly you hid your face
In trembling hands and, filled with horror,
Filled with shame, dissolved in tears,
Indignant as you were, and shaken . . . Etc., etc., etc.
It鈥檚 in the second part, Apropos of the Wet Snow where the whole setting turns biting cold though a sense of relief can be experienced with the presence of scathing satire, charming wit and ingenious story-telling. Here the narrator opens the door of his past and recounts the outlandish tales of his life which can invoke all sorts of emotions in a reader and also serve as the basis of first part hence rendering a meandering pattern to this work. And once you鈥檒l get around the whole thing, don鈥檛 get baffled on finding a part (or whole) of your personality within the startling words originated from some dark, horrid place. The influence of Gogol can be easily observed in these stories and a comfort can be found that Dostoevsky deftly picked up the threads of Russian Literature where Gogol must have left them (It鈥檚 funny that I鈥檓 drawing out these conclusions after reading one book each by both authors so you can tell me if I鈥檓 wrong or exaggerating). In any case, I was left pleasantly surprised on finding that my preconceived notions were crushed and dusted and a new, although a little confused perspective was gained on contemplating the questions which our Underground Man has asked in this book.

I鈥檓 now asking an idle question of my own: which is better 鈥� cheap happiness, or lofty suffering? Well, which is better?

I鈥檓 hoping to find the answers in Dostoevsky鈥檚 chefs-d'oeuvre Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamzov which I鈥檒l surely read soon but till then I need to work on materializing a new and grown-up image of myself. Books will help.
Profile Image for Mohammed  Ali.
475 reviews1,376 followers
January 23, 2018
兀丨賷丕賳丕 賷氐丕丿賮 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賲賵丕賯賮 賲毓賷賳丞貙 賲禺鬲賱賮丞 賵賲鬲亘丕賷賳丞貙 賮鬲鬲賵賱賾丿 丿丕禺賱賴 賲卮丕毓乇 賲毓賷賳丞貙 賲禺鬲賱賮丞 賵賲鬲亘丕賷賳丞 兀賷囟丕 .. 賮賷丨丿孬 兀丨賷丕賳丕 兀賳賾賳丕 賳爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇 毓賳 賴匕賴 丕賱賲卮丕毓乇貙 賵兀丨賷丕賳丕 賳賮卮賱 賮賷 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇 毓賳 匕賱賰 .. 賵賲丕 兀乇賷丿 賯賵賱賴 丕賱丌賳 賲丕 賴賵 廿賱丕賾 賮卮賱 賮賷 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇貙 賵廿禺賮丕賯 賮賷 鬲丨賵賷賱 丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 廿賱賶 賰賱賲丕鬲 賮噩賲賱 賮賲毓賳賶.
亘丿兀鬲 賮賷 賯乇丕亍丞 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賮賵噩丿鬲 賰賱賲丕鬲 兀毓乇賮賴丕 鬲氐賮 卮毓賵乇丕 兀毓乇賮賴貙 亘賱 賵噩丿鬲賳賷 兀丨賷丕賳丕 賴賳丕賰貙 亘賷賳 丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲 賵亘賷賳 丕賱賲毓丕賳賷貙 賵噩丿鬲 賲丕 賱賲 兀爻鬲胤毓 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇 毓賳賴貙 賵噩丿鬲 賲毓丕賳賷 兀丨爻爻鬲賴丕 賵賱賰賳 賱賲 兀爻鬲胤毓 鬲賰賵賷賳賴丕 賵鬲噩賲賷毓賴丕 .. 賵噩丿鬲 鬲賯乇賷亘丕 賰賱賾 卮賷亍 兀賵 丨鬲賾賶 賳賰賵賳 兀賰孬乇 丿賯丞 賵噩丿鬲 丕賱毓丿賷丿 賲賳 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 丕賱鬲賾賷 賮賰乇鬲 賮賷賴丕.. 賮賲丕匕丕 賮毓賱鬲 責
鬲乇賰鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賱賲丿丞 毓丕賲 鬲賯乇賷亘丕貙 毓丕賲 賯賱鬲 賱毓賱賾賷 兀賳囟噩 賯賱賷賱丕貙 兀賵 賱毓賱賾 丕賱兀賮賰丕乇 賵丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 丕賱鬲賾賷 鬲賵賱丿鬲 丿丕禺賱賷 廿孬乇 賯乇丕亍丞 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賵丕賱鬲賷 賵噩丿鬲 賲孬賷賱丕鬲賴丕 賰丕卅賳丕鬲 賴賳丕賰 賲賳匕 賮鬲乇丞 鬲賳囟噩貙 賵賵毓丿鬲 賳賮爻賷 亘賯乇丕亍丞 孬丕賳賷丞 .. 賯乇兀鬲賴丕 孬丕賳賷丞 賵鬲賴鬲 孬丕賳賷丞 賵兀馗賳賾 兀賳賾賳賷 爻兀鬲賵賴 兀賰孬乇 賵兀賰孬乇.

賱賳 兀賯賵賱 卮賷卅丕 毓賳 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賮廿爻賲 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賷睾賳賷 毓賳 賰賱 賯賵賱貙 賵賱賰賳 賲丕 爻兀賯賵賱賴 賴賵 兀賳賾 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 鬲賯乇兀 賵鬲賯乇兀 孬丕賳賷丞 賵賱賲丕 賱丕 賲乇丞 孬丕賱孬丞.
丕賱賲賴賲 .. 亘賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 兀賳賴賷 賵兀睾賱賯 鬲丨丿賾賷 賴匕賴 丕賱爻賾賳丞 賵賲丕 兀噩賲賱賴丕 賲賳 賳賴丕賷丞.
Profile Image for jessica.
2,634 reviews46.8k followers
September 6, 2018
im trying to become more of a classics person and ive found that foreign classics, especially russian, is the easiest way to do that. not only do i feel cultured, but the writing style and themes are so interesting - particularly with this book.

if i could rename this book, it would be 鈥榯he impossible rant of a cranky recluse.鈥� lol. the narrator spends part one of this book rambling about the shortcomings of humanity, how he despises modern society as it is, and his contempt for just about everything. most of the time, i just wanted to shout 鈥榩reach, sis!鈥� but there were moments where i thought 鈥榳ow, who hurt you!?!鈥� which leads us to part two, where the narrator shares various stories of his youth which showcase just how alienated he actually is from the world. the narrator himself is very dislikable and bitter and selfish and lonely. but wow, its shockingly easy to relate to him! its also one of the best representations of anxiety i have ever seen portrayed in a character. hes one of those characters where you are glad to get finally rid of him at the end of the story, but are somehow glad you got to know him.

this was such a wildly insane and exhaustively weird book, but its also brutally honest. you definitely have to be in the right sort of mindset to read this because this will take everything out of you, but its worth it!

side note - i might bump this up to 4 stars after i have a think, because 3 stars feels a little too harsh at the moment.

鈫� 3.5 stars
Profile Image for Salma.
404 reviews1,248 followers
December 25, 2009
丕賱賳爻禺丞 丕賱鬲賷 毓賳丿賷 賲鬲乇噩賲丞 鬲丨鬲 毓賳賵丕賳 "賮賷 爻乇丿丕亘賷" 賱毓亘丿 丕賱賲毓賷賳 丕賱賲賱賵丨賷..._賵 賴賷 賲毓賳賵賳丞 賮賷 賯亘賵賷 鬲乇噩賲丞 爻丕賲賷 丕賱丿賵乇亘賷 賵 丿丕乇 丕亘賳 乇卮丿貙 兀賵 丕賱丕賳爻丕賳 丕賱氐乇氐丕乇(兀賵 乇爻丕卅賱 賲賳 兀毓賲丕賯 丕賱兀乇囟) 賮賷 鬲乇噩賲丞 孬丕賱孬丞 賱丕 兀丿乇賷 賱賲賳_ 賳爻禺鬲賷 賰丕賳鬲 _賯亘賱 兀賳 兀亘賷毓賴丕_ 賳爻禺丞 賯丿賷賲丞 賲氐賮乇丞 丕賱兀賵乇丕賯 賲胤亘賵毓丞 毓丕賲 1956... 賵 賯丿 丕卮鬲乇賷鬲賴丕 賲賳 毓賱賶 亘爻胤丞 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞...0

乇賵丕賷丞 毓賳 乇噩賱 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 賳賮爻賴 亘氐賷睾丞 丕賱賲鬲賰賱賲 賯丿 賯乇賮 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賵 夭賷賮賴...0


賴賱 兀爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賳 兀丿賱賷 亘丕毓鬲乇丕賮 氐睾賷乇 賴賳丕... 賱胤丕賱賲丕 兀丨亘亘鬲 丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷... 賱賰賳 賮賷 乇賵丕賷鬲賴 賴賳丕 兀丨爻爻鬲 亘賴 賷毓乇賮賳賷 賲賳匕 兀賲丿 亘毓賷丿

賱丕 兀丨丿 賷卮賰 亘兀賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳賴丕 丕賱賯丕亘毓丞 賮賷 爻乇丿丕亘賴丕 賴賷 卮禺氐賷丞 賲乇賷囟丞 丨鬲賲丕賸 賵 睾賷乇 爻賵賷丞 賵 賱丕 賲鬲賵丕夭賳丞 毓賱賶 丕賱廿胤賱丕賯...
賱賰賳 爻亘亘 賲乇囟賴丕 賲乇丿賴 廿賱丕 兀賳賴丕 賱賲 鬲爻鬲胤毓 兀賳 鬲噩丕乇賷 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賮賷 賲乇囟賴 兀毓賳賷 丕賱丨囟丕乇丞 丕賱賲丕丿賷丞 丕賱丨丿賷孬丞 賵 賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賵 毓丕丿丕鬲賴 賵 賳賮丕賯賴 丕賱賲孬賷乇 賱賱睾孬賷丕賳... 賮賱丕 丕爻鬲胤丕毓鬲 賴賷 兀賳 鬲亘賯賶 爻賵賷丞... 毓賱賶 賮胤乇鬲賴丕... 賱兀賳賴 賱賷爻 亘兀賲乇 賷爻賷乇 兀賳 賷亘賯賶 丕賱賲乇亍 毓賱賶 賮胤乇丞 爻賵賷丞 賮賷 賲噩鬲賲毓 賲卮賵賴... 賵 賱丕 丕爻鬲胤丕毓鬲 兀賷囟丕 兀賳 鬲噩丕乇賷 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賵 鬲賯鬲賱 廿丨爻丕爻賴丕 亘丕賱賯乇賮 賲賳賴 賵 賲賳 夭賷賮賴... 賮亘乇夭鬲 賲乇賷囟丞 睾賷乇 賲鬲賵丕夭賳丞 毓賱賶 賴匕丕 丕賱卮賰賱...
賵 賴匕丕 爻亘亘 丕毓鬲夭丕賱賴丕 亘毓賷丿丕 賮賷 爻乇丿丕亘賴丕...0

胤亘毓丕 賴匕丕 賲乇囟 丕賱丨囟丕乇丞 爻賷氐賷亘 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賮賷 賵賯鬲 賲丕 _賰賲丕 賮賷 賵賯鬲賳丕 丕賱丌賳_ 賵 爻賷賮乇夭 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 賱丕 賲鬲賵丕夭賳丞 賵 睾賷乇 爻賵賷丞 亘賮胤乇 賲卮賵賴丞... 賱賰賳 丕賱兀卮禺丕氐 丕賱賲賮乇胤賷 丕賱廿丨爻丕爻 賴賲 兀賵賱 賲賳 賷爻賯胤賵賳 氐乇毓賶 亘賴匕賴 丕賱兀賲乇丕囟... 0
賵 丕賱氐丕丿賯賵賳 賴賲 丕賱匕賷賳 爻賷丨丕賵賱賵賳 兀賳 賷賯賮賵丕 亘賵噩賴賴丕... 乇睾賲 兀賳賴丕 賯丿 兀氐丕亘鬲賴賲...0

廿"廿賳賷 毓賱賶 賷賯賷賳 賲賳 兀賳賳丕 賳丨賳 賲毓丕卮乇 兀氐丨丕亘 丕賱爻乇丕丿賷亘 賷噩亘 兀賳 賳亘賯賶 丿丕卅賲丕 賲賱噩賲賷賳 亘賱噩丕賲 賷賰賲 兀卮丿丕賯賳丕... 賳毓賲 廿賳賳丕 賳爻鬲胤賷毓 兀賳 賳毓賷卮 賮賷 爻乇丕丿賷亘賳丕 兀乇亘毓賷賳 毓丕賲丕賸 賱丕 賳賳亘爻 亘亘賳鬲 卮賮丞. 賵 賱賰賳 丨匕丕乇 丨匕丕乇貙 賮賳丨賳 廿匕丕 禺乇噩賳丕 廿賱賶 丕賱賳賵乇 賵 賵賱賷賳丕 丕賱兀丿亘丕乇 賴丕乇亘賷賳 賲賳 爻乇丕丿賷亘賳丕 噩卅賳丕 賲毓賳丕 亘胤賵賮丕賳 賲賳 丕賱賰賱丕賲. 賵 賴丕 賳丨賳 賴丐賱丕亍 賳鬲賰賱賲 賵 賳鬲賰賱賲 賵 賳鬲賰賱賲"0

丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷 賰丕賳 卮禺氐丕 賲賮乇胤丕 丕賱廿丨爻丕爻 亘丨賷孬 丕爻鬲胤丕毓 兀賳 賷賰卮賮 賵 賷鬲賳亘兀 亘賲丕 爻賷賰賵賳 毓賱賷賴 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱兀賮乇丕丿... 賵 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 匕賱賰 賷賰卮賮 亘卮丕毓丞 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 兀賲丕賲 賳賮爻賴 賱賷乇賶 賲丿賶 賯亘丨賴...0
乇亘賲丕 毓賱賶 夭賲賳 丿賵爻鬲賵賷賮爻賰賷 賱賲 賷賰賳 丕賱兀賲乇 賲賱丕丨馗丕 賱賴匕賴 丕賱丿乇噩丞 _賵 亘丕賯鬲賳丕氐賴 亘乇夭鬲 毓亘賯乇賷鬲賴_ 0

兀賲丕 賮賷 毓氐乇賳丕 賴匕丕 賮賯丿 胤賲賶 丕賱禺胤亘 丨鬲賶 睾丕氐鬲 丕賱乇賰亘... 賮賰賲 卮禺氐丕 賳毓乇賮賴 賷毓賷卮 賮賷 賯賵賯毓鬲賴... 賵 賴賱 兀噩乇丐 毓賱賶 丕賱賯賵賱 亘兀賳 丕賱丕賳鬲乇賳鬲 兀氐亘丨 亘賲孬丕亘丞 爻乇丿丕亘 賷賱噩兀 廿賱賷賴 賲毓馗賲賳丕 賴乇亘丕 賲賳 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 賵 丕賱賲丨賷胤 丕賱匕賷 賷禺賳賯賳丕...0


賰鬲丕亘 乇丕卅毓 亘丨賯... 賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱噩賲賱 亘賴乇鬲賳賷... 賵 賰兀賳賴丕 鬲賯乇兀 賲丕 賮賷 丿賲丕睾賷... 0
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