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In this book Francis Fukuyama repudiates the label of neo-conservative, though not a lot of the elements of it. Basically what he's trying to do is simultaneously say that realism is misguided, since the internal dynamics of states matters a lot in how they conduct their external relations, while denigrating liberalism as weak (implicitly, anyway) and the current crop of neoconservatives as naive and over-simplifying.

Their idea that a democracy could be installed in Iraq thus magically making a dictatorship into a liberal democracy was flawed, because what Strauss and others believe by the word "regime" is far deeper to society than simply the cast of characters in power; it's a societal mindset, and as such, it's very difficult to change regimes.

He nonetheless advocates trying to do so, in a activist, muscular foreign policy with Wilsonian ideals, proposing that the UN is flawed and should be abandoned in favor of a world policy club limited to democracies, and that the development of political institutions should take its place alongside military and economic assistance to struggling and failed states.

I'm not sure he's not just taking the over-simplistic neo-con line and adding an asterisk, thus trying to invest it with depth. He also takes a lot of administrative and political decisions at face value, and doesn't think much about the complex motives of those in charge. But it's still an interesting thought, and I'd prefer this guy to Wolfowitz any day.