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Here is the world's most famous master plan for seizing and holding power. Astonishing in its candor The Prince even today remains a disturbingly realistic and prophetic work on what it takes to be a prince . . . a king . . . a president. When, in 1512, Machiavelli was removed from his post in his beloved Florence, he resolved to set down a treatise on leadership that was practical, not idealistic. The Prince he envisioned would be unencumbered by ordinary ethical and moral values; his prince would be man and beast, fox and lion. Today, this small sixteenth-century masterpiece has become essential reading for every student of government, and is the ultimate book on power politics.
128 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1513
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About the author
Niccol貌 Machiavelli
1,739听books4,634听followersNiccol貌 di Bernardo dei Machiavelli was an Italian political philosopher, musician, poet, and playwright. He is a figure of the Italian Renaissance and a central figure of its political component, most widely known for his treatises on realist political theory (The Prince) on the one hand and republicanism (Discourses on Livy) on the other.
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November 11, 2011
That single statement boys and girls is the crux at the heart of the matter resting at the bottom-line of Niccolo Machiavelli鈥檚 world-changing classic on the defining use of realpolitik in governance and foreign policy. Despite popular perception, Machiavelli, whose name has often been used as a synonym for political ASSHATery, was not arguing that it鈥檚 better to be immoral, cruel and evil than to be moral, just and good. Rather, Machiavelli was demonstrating, through reasoned analysis based on numerous historical examples, that the most effective way to govern a population is through decision-making based on the current situation without muddying up the waters with considerations of morality.
Holy snickerdoodles that's amoral!! Uh...yes, by definition it is.
However, Machiavelli, in his famous use of end justifying means, supports the rightness of his position by citing numerous examples of 鈥減rinces鈥� who, in acting "all just and proper like鈥� in relation to their neighbors and subjects, led their people right into the waiting arms of bondage and slaughter at the hands of those who were less vituous in their thinking. Should such murdered and subjugated populations thank the princes for their unwaivering morality? Machiavelli says HELLS NO. He argues that the Prince鈥檚 #1 priority is to safeguard his holdings and maintain stability within his borders. Allowing other considerations to affect such judgements will only provide an advantage to third parties who will exploit it. In the end, Machiavelli argues, fewer lives will be lost and less suffering incurred by the Prince who can govern EFFECTIVELY.
Not necessarily warm and fuzzy Sesame Street thinking, but there is some serious power to the reasoning. I wish we lived in a world in which that was not the case. I wish Machiavelli鈥檚 insights were not needed and that we lived in a world where loftier morals could carry the day. However, until we do, Machiavelli鈥檚 words provide much ringing truth and thought food.
PLOT SYNOPSIS
I don鈥檛 want to sound like a book report so let me just summarize briefly how the book is laid out.
Machiavelli wrote The Prince for Lorenzo de Medici, whose family ruled Florence at the time, as basically a job application. He wanted to get in good with the de Medici family secure a place at their court. The book, while jumping around a bit, can be divided into 3 or 4 sections, the last really being a summarizing 鈥渃all to arms鈥� to the Italian people that they need a wise prince to lead them back to the greatness of the Roman Empire.
Discounting the rah rah speech at the end, the other 3 sections deal with (1) the kinds of principalities and how they are acquired; (2) the proper organization of the military and the best kind of solider to comprise it; and (3) the internal make up of a princes court (i.e., associates and subordinates).
Section 1 is interesting and fun to read, but basically worthless for anything other than historical perspective. Machiavelli discusses territories won be conquest, inheritance or luck and talks about the various characteristics of each. While not exactly "awe-inspiring" in its perception, the narrative itself is interesting and Machiavelli鈥檚 鈥渧oice鈥� is engaging.
Section 2 can be summarized as follows: Mercenaries well and truly SUCK and should not be used under any circumstances because their suckage will end up squandering your resources and giving squat in return. Therefore, the wise Prince keeps a standing army sufficient to protect the country鈥檚 interests.
Section 3 is the real meat of the work and contains the bulk of the advice that garnered Niccolo his much deserved reputation for suggesting the propriety of abandoning morality in governance. He speaks of the need of the Prince to be able to deceive and act against the "five" virtues of the righteous man when necessary for the betterment of his state and his people.
Therefore it is unnecessary for a prince to have all the good qualities I have enumerated, but it is very necessary to appear to have them. And I shall dare to say this also, that to have them and always to observe them is injurious, and that to appear to have them is useful; to appear merciful, faithful, humane, religious, upright, and to be so, but with a mind so framed that should you require not to be so, you may be able and know how to change to the opposite.Machiavelli discusses numerous examples of sovereigns who either benefitted from following such advice or, conversely, who suffered calamity for adhering to a sense of virtue.
The promise given was a necessity of the past: the word broken is a necessity of the present.
THOUGHTS
Ground-breaking and brilliantly insightful, especially for its time. So much of what Machiavelli says is now an ingrained part of political thinking that it comes across as DUH when you read it. However, it was Niccolo who first put forth these concepts that have become the dogma and foundation of modern political thought. He put the 鈥渞eal鈥� in realpolitk. I don鈥檛 think the contribution he made to political theory can be overstated. It was The Prince that called out the distinction between what men 鈥渟ay鈥� and what they 鈥渄o.鈥� He did not invent political immorality, but he did recognize it as an effective, and at time crucial, aspect of rule. Something the famous rulers of history have always known鈥nd practiced.
In addition, I was surprised at how much fun the book was to read. Machiavelli includes dozens and dozens of brief vignettes about world history in supporting his ideas and does a great job keeping the reader engaged with colorful descriptions of past events. The book is also chalk-full of wonderful quotes that just jumped out at me as I was reading. Here are a few that I thought were intriguing:
The new ruler must determine all the injuries that he will need to inflict. He must inflict them once and for all鈥eople should either be caressed or crushed. If you do them minor damage they will get their revenge; but if you cripple them there is nothing they can do. If you need to injure someone, do it in such a way that you do not have to fear their vengeance.鈥�In addition to post-revolutionary purges and new government administrations, the above has also become a truism for business and is why corporations do 鈥渕assive layoffs鈥� rather than a series of smaller scale terminations. Gee, thanks Niccolo.
鈥淢y view is that it is desirable to be both loved and feared; but it is difficult to achieve both and, if one of them has to be lacking, it is much safer to be feared than loved.鈥� Ah...just like the Godfather.
Oh鈥nd lest the above not make it clear, for all his amazing contributions to world-history we should not lose sight of the fact that Machiavelli, for all his astuteness, was a bit of an asshole. While his work is engaging and wonderful reading and I give him full marks for 鈥渃alling it like it is,鈥� he is still not the kind of guy you want educating your children or providing life lessons. I admire his work, but the man comes across as quite a scummy, conniving douche.
You know, like a modern politician.
5.0 Stars. HIGHEST POSSIBLE RECOMMENDATION!!
July 30, 2019
This is no Little Prince, that's for sure. You must kill the fox, burn the rose, murder the businessman, if any of them tries to take control over your princedom. There's no time to be nice! There's only time to seem to be nice. At the end of the day, it is better to be feared than loved, if you can't be both. Nevertheless, keep in mind chapter 23.
The Prince was written in the 16th century and a couple of its ideas are too contemporary. It is a major treatise that influenced several political leaders throughout history. Machiavelli is widely regarded as the father of modern politics by taking away any trace of theology and morality from his works. (That is something no one has ever said before.) I should have read it long ago, but everything has its time, I suppose.
So, there are a lot of concepts that should just stay in the book and a few which you may apply to everyday circumstances. It delivers what you are waiting for, if you want to know how to have and keep power to yourself, no matter the head you are crushing, and all that using a fairly straightforward language. It is a short book and easy to understand, even though the notion of achieving glory, power and survival, regardless of how immoral you have to be... it is not difficult to comprehend; that we get.
Cruelty, wickedness, immorality; all those things apparently needed to achieve greatness, all of them printed long ago in the form of a little book, just like that... From a twisted point of view, sometimes, it is almost a bit funny.
It was an excellent read.
Lovely.
* Also on
The Prince was written in the 16th century and a couple of its ideas are too contemporary. It is a major treatise that influenced several political leaders throughout history. Machiavelli is widely regarded as the father of modern politics by taking away any trace of theology and morality from his works. (That is something no one has ever said before.) I should have read it long ago, but everything has its time, I suppose.
So, there are a lot of concepts that should just stay in the book and a few which you may apply to everyday circumstances. It delivers what you are waiting for, if you want to know how to have and keep power to yourself, no matter the head you are crushing, and all that using a fairly straightforward language. It is a short book and easy to understand, even though the notion of achieving glory, power and survival, regardless of how immoral you have to be... it is not difficult to comprehend; that we get.
Cruelty, wickedness, immorality; all those things apparently needed to achieve greatness, all of them printed long ago in the form of a little book, just like that... From a twisted point of view, sometimes, it is almost a bit funny.
It was an excellent read.
There is no other way to guard yourself against flattery than by making men understand that telling you the truth will not offend you. (137)
Lovely.
* Also on
April 30, 2019
兀毓胤賷鬲購 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 3 賳噩賵賲 賱賰孬賷乇賺 賲賳 丕賱兀爻亘丕亘
賮賲毓 廿禺鬲賱丕賮賷 賲毓 睾丕賱亘賷丞 丌乇丕亍賴 廿賱丕 兀賳賳賷 兀乇賶 賲賷賰丕賮賷賱賱賷 乇噩賱丕賸 卮丿賷丿 丕賱匕賰丕亍 賵賷丨亘 賵胤賳賴 廿賷胤丕賱賷丕 亘胤乇賷賯鬲賴 丕賱禺丕氐丞
賰賲丕 兀賳賴 賷爻賲賽賾賷 丕賱兀卮賷丕亍 亘賲爻賲賷丕鬲賴丕 賵賴匕丕 賲丕 賷噩毓賱賴 卮乇賷賮丕 賮賷 賳馗乇賷
兀鬲賮賯 賲毓 賲賷賰丕賮賷賱賱賷 賮賷 乇丐賷鬲賴 賱賱丨賷丕丞 賵丕賱亘卮乇 賮賴賵 "賵賰賲丕 噩丕亍 賮賷 賲賯丿賲丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘" 賰丕賳 賷賯賵賱 兀丨賷丕賳丕賸廿賳賴 賱賲 賷賰賳 賱賷賯丿賾賲 亘毓囟 賲丕 賯丿賲賴 賲賳 兀賯賵丕賱 賲乇賷乇丞 爻丕禺乇丞 賱賵 兀賳賻賾 丕賱亘卮乇 賰丕賳賵丕 毓丕夭賮賷賳 毓賳 丕賱卮乇貙 賵賱賵 賱賲 賷賰賳 亘毓囟賴賲 賮賷 兀爻賮賱 爻丕賮賱賷賳
賮賷賯賵賱 賲賷賰丕賮賷賱賱賷 "賷噩亘 毓賱賶 丕賱丨丕賰賲 丕賱毓丕賯賱 兀賱丕 賷丨賮馗 毓賴丿丕 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賵賮丕亍 亘賴 囟丿 賲氐賱丨鬲賴 貙廿賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賲亘丿兀 賯丿 賷賰賵賳 卮乇賾丕 賱賵 賰丕賳 噩賲賷毓 丕賱亘卮乇 禺賷乇賷賳 貙賵賱賰賳 賱賲丕 賰丕賳賵丕 噩賲賷毓丕賸 兀卮乇丕乇丕 賵賱賳 賷乇丕毓賵丕賵賮丕亍賰 賲毓賴賲 賮兀賳鬲 賱匕賱賰 賮賷 丨賱賺賾 賲賳 兀賳 鬲丨賮馗 毓賴丿賰 賲毓賴賲 "亍
THE DUDE HAS A POINT ! :D
廿匕賳 賳丨賳 兀賲丕賲 乇噩賱 賷鬲賮賴賲 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賵丕賱賳丕爻 噩賷丿丕賸 賵賷毓乇賮 賳賯丕卅氐賴賲 賵賮囟賱 兀賳 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 丕賱兀卮禺丕氐 賰賲丕 賴賲 賱丕 賰賲丕 賷噩亘 兀賳 賷賰賵賳賵丕 _ 賰賲丕 賯丕賱 賮乇賳爻賷爻 亘賷賰賵賳
賲賳 兀爻賵兀 丕賱噩賲賱 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賴匕賴 丕賱毓亘丕乇丞
"廿賳 廿賴丕賳鬲賳丕 賱廿賳爻丕賳 賱丕亘丿 賵兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 廿賴丕賳丞 鬲睾賳賷賳丕 毓賳 兀賳 賳禺卮賶 賲毓賴丕 廿賳鬲賯丕賲賴"
!
兀毓噩亘賳賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵兀馗賳賾 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 賲賴賲丞 賱賱賲賴鬲賲賷賳 亘丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 賵 睾賷乇 丕賱賲賴鬲賲賷賳 賰匕賱賰
賵爻賷爻丕毓丿賰 賰孬賷乇丕賸 毓賱賶 賮賴賲 賲丕 賷丿賵乇 賲賳 丨賵賱賰 禺丕氐丞 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱賮鬲乇丕鬲 丕賱丨爻丕爻丞 賲賳 鬲丕乇賷禺賳丕 賲毓 孬賵乇丕鬲 丕賱乇亘賷毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷
June 11, 2024
I'm weirdly pleased that The Prince lives up to its reputation: it is indeed Machiavellian. Here's his advice on conquering self-governing states (i.e. democracies): "The only way to hold on to such a state is to reduce it to rubble." Well then.
I'd like to say that any guy whose last name becomes a synonym for evil is a badass, but Machiavelli wasn't; he was a failed minor diplomat who wrote this in a failed attempt to get reemployed. Stupid attempt, too; anyone who hired him would be advertising that he espoused Machiavellian values. This book was published, after all. And as he himself advises, "A leader doesn't have to possess virtuous qualities, but it's imperative that he seem to possess them."
So I'll go with this: anyone whose last name becomes a synonym for evil has written a good book.
I hope to match that effect with my first novel. Working title: "Unicorns are Pretty."
So if Machiavelli was such a loser, how did his book get so famous? It's not because it's great advice; it sortof isn't. I think it's because it's just a ton of fun to read. It's chock full of over-the-top quotes like the ones above. It's really funny.
Which brings up a recurring topic for debate: did he intend for this to be taken seriously, or is it satire? I think it's the former: mixed in with the zany stuff is a fair amount of common-sense advice. He could certainly have included that to make the zany stuff pop more, or to camouflage it a bit, but I prefer to think he meant the whole thing seriously. And it's not like any of it is advice someone hasn't followed at some point. (See my first quote above: yeah, we've tried that.)
Translation review: this is the very latest translation. Parks has gone to great trouble to reduce the crazy complexity of Machiavelli's sentences - I know this from reading his excellent Translator's Note - and I appreciate that. He's also tried hard to make it accessible to modern audience. It's a clear and easy translation. Good intro, too. And a glossary of proper names at the back, so you can sort out the various contemporary figures you don't recognize.
I'll close with my favorite quote: "It's better to be impulsive than cautious; fortune is female and if you want to stay on top of her you have to slap and thrust."
Machiavelli: kindof a dick.
I'd like to say that any guy whose last name becomes a synonym for evil is a badass, but Machiavelli wasn't; he was a failed minor diplomat who wrote this in a failed attempt to get reemployed. Stupid attempt, too; anyone who hired him would be advertising that he espoused Machiavellian values. This book was published, after all. And as he himself advises, "A leader doesn't have to possess virtuous qualities, but it's imperative that he seem to possess them."
So I'll go with this: anyone whose last name becomes a synonym for evil has written a good book.
I hope to match that effect with my first novel. Working title: "Unicorns are Pretty."
So if Machiavelli was such a loser, how did his book get so famous? It's not because it's great advice; it sortof isn't. I think it's because it's just a ton of fun to read. It's chock full of over-the-top quotes like the ones above. It's really funny.
Which brings up a recurring topic for debate: did he intend for this to be taken seriously, or is it satire? I think it's the former: mixed in with the zany stuff is a fair amount of common-sense advice. He could certainly have included that to make the zany stuff pop more, or to camouflage it a bit, but I prefer to think he meant the whole thing seriously. And it's not like any of it is advice someone hasn't followed at some point. (See my first quote above: yeah, we've tried that.)
Translation review: this is the very latest translation. Parks has gone to great trouble to reduce the crazy complexity of Machiavelli's sentences - I know this from reading his excellent Translator's Note - and I appreciate that. He's also tried hard to make it accessible to modern audience. It's a clear and easy translation. Good intro, too. And a glossary of proper names at the back, so you can sort out the various contemporary figures you don't recognize.
I'll close with my favorite quote: "It's better to be impulsive than cautious; fortune is female and if you want to stay on top of her you have to slap and thrust."
Machiavelli: kindof a dick.
August 22, 2021
Il Principe = The Prince, Niccol貌 Machiavelli
The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccol貌 Machiavelli.
Machiavelli said that The Prince would be about princedoms, mentioning that he has written about republics elsewhere, but in fact he mixes discussion of republics into this in many places, effectively treating republics as a type of princedom also, and one with many strengths.
More importantly, and less traditionally, he distinguishes new princedoms from hereditary established princedoms. He deals with hereditary princedoms quickly in Chapter 2, saying that they are much easier to rule.
For such a prince, "unless extraordinary vices cause him to be hated, it is reasonable to expect that his subjects will be naturally well disposed towards him".
丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲蹖賴丕: (丕賯亘丕賱貨 噩丕賲蹖貙 倬跇賵丕讴貨 乇賵夭诏丕乇 賳賵)貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 丕賵賱 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱 1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丿賵賲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 乇賵夭 賴卮鬲賲 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬乇賵丕夭貙 1366貨 丿乇 135氐貨 1374貙 丿乇 195氐貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 賳卮乇 賲乇讴夭貙 1375貙 丿乇 167氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9643052222貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 毓賱賵賲 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 丕禺賱丕賯 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丕夭 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丿乇 爻丿賴 16賲
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲丨賲賵丿 賲丨賲賵丿貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1311貙 丿乇 130氐貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 亘賳诏丕賴 丌匕乇貙 1324貨 丿乇 140氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇: 1327貨 丿乇 136氐貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1357貙 丿乇 140氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1366貙 丿乇 135氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲乇鬲囟蹖 孬丕亘鬲賮乇貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 1387貙 丿乇 191氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丕丨賲丿乇囟丕 夭乇讴卮 讴丕卮丕賳蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬跇賵丕讴貙 1392貙 丿乇 190氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賳爻乇蹖賳 賲噩蹖丿蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 乇賵夭诏丕乇賳賵貙 1392貙 丿乇 96氐
賮賴乇爻鬲 卮丕賲賱: 丿蹖亘丕趩赖货 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 乇賵夭诏丕乇卮貨 噩丕蹖诏丕賴 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻蹖丕爻蹖貨 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄 賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 丕夭 芦賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖禄 亘賴 倬蹖卮诏丕賴 芦賱賵乇賳鬲爻賵 丿蹖 倬蹖 蹖乇賵 丿 賲丿蹖趩蹖禄貨
賮氐賱 蹖讴賲: 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕 亘乇 趩賳丿 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿 賵 卮蹖賵賴 賴丕蹖 賮乇丕趩賳诏 丌賵乇丿賳卮丕賳貨
賮氐賱 丿賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕蹖 賲賵乇賵孬蹖貨
賮氐賱 爻賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 趩賳丿 賯賱賲乇賵 亘賴 蹖讴丿蹖诏乇 倬丿蹖丿 賲蹖丌蹖賳丿貨
賮氐賱 趩賴丕乇賲: 趩乇丕 丿乇 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丕爻讴賳丿乇 丕賮鬲丕丿 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏 丕爻讴賳丿乇 賲乇丿賲 亘乇 噩丕賳卮蹖賳丕賳 賵蹖 賳卮賵乇蹖丿賳丿貨
賮氐賱 倬賳噩賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 卮蹖賵賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 亘乇 卮賴乇賴丕 蹖丕 丕賲蹖乇賳卮蹖賳賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲蹖夭蹖爻鬲賴 丕賳丿貨
賮氐賱 卮卮賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 讴卮賵乇賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賳蹖乇賵蹖 亘丕夭賵蹖 禺賵丿 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿貨
賮氐賱 賴賮鬲賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘丕夭賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 诏乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿 蹖丕 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 亘禺鬲 賵 ....貨
賮氐賱 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 卮卮賲: 賮乇丕禺賵丕賳卮蹖 亘賴 乇賴丕賳蹖丿賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丕夭 趩賳诏丕賱 亘乇亘乇丕賳
賳丕賲 賳丕賲賴
賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: 卮賴乇蹖丕乇: 賲蹖亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 丿賵 趩蹖夭 丿乇 丿賱 賴乇丕爻丕賳 亘丕卮丿貙 丕夭 芦丿乇賵賳 賵 乇毓丕蹖丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮禄 賵 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 芦亘蹖乇賵賳 賵 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲賴丕蹖 禺丕乇噩蹖禄貨 賮氐賱 賳賵夭丿賴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 賳禺爻鬲貨
讴鬲丕亘 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄貙 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵丕賱丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賵乇夭丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮诏丕賳 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳卮 乇丕 亘賴 賴賲诏丕賳 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲貨 賳孬乇 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 亘乇噩爻鬲賴 丕爻鬲貨
亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 诏夭蹖丿賴 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: 芦亘丕蹖丿 亘丿丕賳蹖丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻鬲蹖夭蹖丿賳 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 丿賵 乇丕賴 丿乇 倬蹖卮 丕爻鬲: 蹖讴蹖 亘丕 賯丕賳賵賳貙 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘丕 夭賵乇貨 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 丿乇 禺賵乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丿賵賲蹖賳 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳貙 賵 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 趩賴 亘爻丕 讴丕乇丌賲丿 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賳丕诏夭蹖乇 亘賴 丿賵賲蹖賳貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘй屫� 丌賵乇丿貨 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵 亘乇 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賰賴 亘丿丕賳丿 趩诏賵賳賴 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳 賵 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘賳丿丿.禄貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丿賵賲
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 12/07/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 30/05/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccol貌 Machiavelli.
Machiavelli said that The Prince would be about princedoms, mentioning that he has written about republics elsewhere, but in fact he mixes discussion of republics into this in many places, effectively treating republics as a type of princedom also, and one with many strengths.
More importantly, and less traditionally, he distinguishes new princedoms from hereditary established princedoms. He deals with hereditary princedoms quickly in Chapter 2, saying that they are much easier to rule.
For such a prince, "unless extraordinary vices cause him to be hated, it is reasonable to expect that his subjects will be naturally well disposed towards him".
丕賳鬲卮丕乇丕鬲蹖賴丕: (丕賯亘丕賱貨 噩丕賲蹖貙 倬跇賵丕讴貨 乇賵夭诏丕乇 賳賵)貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 丕賵賱 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱 1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖貨 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丿賵賲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 乇賵夭 賴卮鬲賲 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬乇賵丕夭貙 1366貨 丿乇 135氐貨 1374貙 丿乇 195氐貨 趩丕倬 丿賵賲 賳卮乇 賲乇讴夭貙 1375貙 丿乇 167氐貨 卮丕亘讴 9643052222貨 賲賵囟賵毓: 毓賱賵賲 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 丕禺賱丕賯 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丕夭 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丿乇 爻丿賴 16賲
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲丨賲賵丿 賲丨賲賵丿貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1311貙 丿乇 130氐貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 亘賳诏丕賴 丌匕乇貙 1324貨 丿乇 140氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇: 1327貨 丿乇 136氐貨 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1357貙 丿乇 140氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1366貙 丿乇 135氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲乇鬲囟蹖 孬丕亘鬲賮乇貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 1387貙 丿乇 191氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丕丨賲丿乇囟丕 夭乇讴卮 讴丕卮丕賳蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬跇賵丕讴貙 1392貙 丿乇 190氐
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 賳爻乇蹖賳 賲噩蹖丿蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 乇賵夭诏丕乇賳賵貙 1392貙 丿乇 96氐
賮賴乇爻鬲 卮丕賲賱: 丿蹖亘丕趩赖货 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 乇賵夭诏丕乇卮貨 噩丕蹖诏丕賴 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻蹖丕爻蹖貨 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄 賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 丕夭 芦賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖禄 亘賴 倬蹖卮诏丕賴 芦賱賵乇賳鬲爻賵 丿蹖 倬蹖 蹖乇賵 丿 賲丿蹖趩蹖禄貨
賮氐賱 蹖讴賲: 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕 亘乇 趩賳丿 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿 賵 卮蹖賵賴 賴丕蹖 賮乇丕趩賳诏 丌賵乇丿賳卮丕賳貨
賮氐賱 丿賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕蹖 賲賵乇賵孬蹖貨
賮氐賱 爻賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 趩賳丿 賯賱賲乇賵 亘賴 蹖讴丿蹖诏乇 倬丿蹖丿 賲蹖丌蹖賳丿貨
賮氐賱 趩賴丕乇賲: 趩乇丕 丿乇 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丕爻讴賳丿乇 丕賮鬲丕丿 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏 丕爻讴賳丿乇 賲乇丿賲 亘乇 噩丕賳卮蹖賳丕賳 賵蹖 賳卮賵乇蹖丿賳丿貨
賮氐賱 倬賳噩賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 卮蹖賵賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 亘乇 卮賴乇賴丕 蹖丕 丕賲蹖乇賳卮蹖賳賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲蹖夭蹖爻鬲賴 丕賳丿貨
賮氐賱 卮卮賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 讴卮賵乇賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賳蹖乇賵蹖 亘丕夭賵蹖 禺賵丿 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿貨
賮氐賱 賴賮鬲賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘丕夭賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 诏乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿 蹖丕 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 亘禺鬲 賵 ....貨
賮氐賱 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 卮卮賲: 賮乇丕禺賵丕賳卮蹖 亘賴 乇賴丕賳蹖丿賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丕夭 趩賳诏丕賱 亘乇亘乇丕賳
賳丕賲 賳丕賲賴
賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: 卮賴乇蹖丕乇: 賲蹖亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 丿賵 趩蹖夭 丿乇 丿賱 賴乇丕爻丕賳 亘丕卮丿貙 丕夭 芦丿乇賵賳 賵 乇毓丕蹖丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮禄 賵 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 芦亘蹖乇賵賳 賵 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲賴丕蹖 禺丕乇噩蹖禄貨 賮氐賱 賳賵夭丿賴 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 賳禺爻鬲貨
讴鬲丕亘 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄貙 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵丕賱丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賵乇夭丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮诏丕賳 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳卮 乇丕 亘賴 賴賲诏丕賳 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲貨 賳孬乇 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 亘乇噩爻鬲賴 丕爻鬲貨
亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 诏夭蹖丿賴 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: 芦亘丕蹖丿 亘丿丕賳蹖丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻鬲蹖夭蹖丿賳 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 丿賵 乇丕賴 丿乇 倬蹖卮 丕爻鬲: 蹖讴蹖 亘丕 賯丕賳賵賳貙 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘丕 夭賵乇貨 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 丿乇 禺賵乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丿賵賲蹖賳 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳貙 賵 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 趩賴 亘爻丕 讴丕乇丌賲丿 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賳丕诏夭蹖乇 亘賴 丿賵賲蹖賳貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘй屫� 丌賵乇丿貨 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵 亘乇 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賰賴 亘丿丕賳丿 趩诏賵賳賴 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳 賵 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘賳丿丿.禄貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丿賵賲
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 12/07/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 30/05/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
October 5, 2021
Il Principe = The Prince, Niccol貌 Machiavelli
The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccol貌 Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513. However, the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death.
Machiavelli says that The Prince would be about princedoms, mentioning that he has written about republics elsewhere (a reference to the Discourses on Livy), but in fact he mixes discussion of republics into this work in many places, effectively treating republics as a type of princedom also, and one with many strengths. More importantly, and less traditionally, he distinguishes new princedoms from hereditary established princedoms.
Characters: Theseus, Alexander the Great, Louis XII, Cesare Borgia, Francesco Sforza, Niccol貌 Machiavelli, Pope Alexander VI.
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 賲丕賴 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱 1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貨 賲賵囟賵毓 毓賱賵賲 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 丕禺賱丕賯 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丕夭 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丿乇 爻丿賴 16賲
鬲乇噩賲賴 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 毓賳賵丕賳
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲丨賲賵丿 賲丨賲賵丿貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1311貙 丿乇 130氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1357貙 丿乇 140氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1366貙 丿乇 135氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲乇鬲囟蹖 孬丕亘鬲賮乇貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 1387貙 丿乇 191氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 丕丨賲丿乇囟丕 夭乇讴卮 讴丕卮丕賳蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬跇賵丕讴貙 1392貙 丿乇 190氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賳爻乇蹖賳 賲噩蹖丿蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 乇賵夭诏丕乇賳賵貙 1392貙 丿乇 96氐
賮賴乇鬲 卮丕賲賱
丿蹖亘丕趩赖货
夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 乇賵夭诏丕乇卮貨
噩丕蹖诏丕賴 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻蹖丕爻蹖貨
卮赖乇蹖丕乇货
賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 丕夭 芦賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖禄貙 亘賴 倬蹖卮诏丕賴 芦賱賵乇賳鬲爻賵 丿蹖 倬蹖 蹖乇賵 丿 賲丿蹖趩蹖禄貨
賮氐賱 蹖讴賲: 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕 亘乇 趩賳丿 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿貙 賵 卮蹖賵賴 賴丕蹖 賮乇丕趩賳诏 丌賵乇丿賳卮丕賳貨
賮氐賱 丿賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕蹖 賲賵乇賵孬蹖貨
賮氐賱 爻賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 趩賳丿 賯賱賲乇賵 亘賴 蹖讴丿蹖诏乇貙 倬丿蹖丿 賲蹖丌蹖賳丿貨
賮氐賱 趩賴丕乇賲: 趩乇丕 丿乇 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖 丿丕乇蹖賵卮貙 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丕爻讴賳丿乇 丕賮鬲丕丿貙 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏 丕爻讴賳丿乇貙 賲乇丿賲 亘乇 噩丕賳卮蹖賳丕賳 賵蹖 賳卮賵乇蹖丿賳丿貨
賮氐賱 倬賳噩賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 卮蹖賵賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 亘乇 卮賴乇賴丕貙 蹖丕 丕賲蹖乇賳卮蹖賳賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳貙 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲蹖夭蹖爻鬲賴 丕賳丿貨
賮氐賱 卮卮賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 讴卮賵乇賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賳蹖乇賵蹖 亘丕夭賵蹖 禺賵丿貙 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿貨
賮氐賱 賴賮鬲賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘丕夭賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 诏乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿 蹖丕 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 亘禺鬲
賵 ....貨
賮氐賱 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 卮卮賲: 賮乇丕禺賵丕賳卮蹖 亘賴 乇賴丕賳蹖丿賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丕夭 趩賳诏丕賱 亘乇亘乇丕賳
賳丕賲 賳丕賲賴
賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: (卮賴乇蹖丕乇 賲蹖亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 丿賵 趩蹖夭 丿乇 丿賱 賴乇丕爻丕賳 亘丕卮丿貙 賳禺爻鬲 丕夭 芦丿乇賵賳 賵 乇毓丕蹖丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮禄貙 賵 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 芦亘蹖乇賵賳 賵 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲賴丕蹖 禺丕乇噩蹖禄 賮氐賱 賳賵夭丿賴賲貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 賳禺爻鬲
讴鬲丕亘 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄貙 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵丕賱丕蹖蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賵乇夭丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮诏丕賳 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳卮 乇丕貙 亘賴 賴賲诏丕賳 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲貙 賳孬乇 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 亘乇噩爻鬲賴 丕爻鬲
诏夭蹖丿賴 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: (亘丕蹖丿 亘丿丕賳蹖丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻鬲蹖夭蹖丿賳 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 丿賵 乇丕賴 丿乇 倬蹖卮 丕爻鬲: 蹖讴蹖 亘丕 賯丕賳賵賳貙 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘丕 夭賵乇貨 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳貙 丿乇 禺賵乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丿賵賲蹖賳 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳貙 賵 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 趩賴 亘爻丕 讴丕乇丌賲丿 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賳丕诏夭蹖乇 亘賴 丿賵賲蹖賳貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘй屫� 丌賵乇丿貨 丕夭 丕蹖賳乇賵 亘乇 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賰賴 亘丿丕賳丿 趩诏賵賳賴 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳 賵 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘賳丿丿)貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丿賵賲
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 09/09/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 12/07/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccol貌 Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513. However, the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death.
Machiavelli says that The Prince would be about princedoms, mentioning that he has written about republics elsewhere (a reference to the Discourses on Livy), but in fact he mixes discussion of republics into this work in many places, effectively treating republics as a type of princedom also, and one with many strengths. More importantly, and less traditionally, he distinguishes new princedoms from hereditary established princedoms.
Characters: Theseus, Alexander the Great, Louis XII, Cesare Borgia, Francesco Sforza, Niccol貌 Machiavelli, Pope Alexander VI.
鬲丕乇蹖禺 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 禺賵丕賳卮: 賲丕賴 爻倬鬲丕賲亘乇 爻丕賱 1995賲蹖賱丕丿蹖
毓賳賵丕賳: 卮赖乇蹖丕乇货 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴: 賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖貨 賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貨 賲賵囟賵毓 毓賱賵賲 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 丕禺賱丕賯 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丕夭 賳賵蹖爻賳丿诏丕賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丿乇 爻丿賴 16賲
鬲乇噩賲賴 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 毓賳賵丕賳
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲丨賲賵丿 賲丨賲賵丿貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1311貙 丿乇 130氐貨 趩丕倬 丿蹖诏乇 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1357貙 丿乇 140氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 丿丕乇蹖賵卮 丌卮賵乇蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 丕賯亘丕賱貙 1366貙 丿乇 135氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賲乇鬲囟蹖 孬丕亘鬲賮乇貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 噩丕賲蹖貙 1387貙 丿乇 191氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 丕丨賲丿乇囟丕 夭乇讴卮 讴丕卮丕賳蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 倬跇賵丕讴貙 1392貙 丿乇 190氐
賲鬲乇噩賲: 賳爻乇蹖賳 賲噩蹖丿蹖貙 鬲賴乇丕賳貙 乇賵夭诏丕乇賳賵貙 1392貙 丿乇 96氐
賮賴乇鬲 卮丕賲賱
丿蹖亘丕趩赖货
夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 乇賵夭诏丕乇卮貨
噩丕蹖诏丕賴 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 爻蹖丕爻蹖貨
卮赖乇蹖丕乇货
賳丕賲賴 丕蹖 丕夭 芦賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱賱蹖禄貙 亘賴 倬蹖卮诏丕賴 芦賱賵乇賳鬲爻賵 丿蹖 倬蹖 蹖乇賵 丿 賲丿蹖趩蹖禄貨
賮氐賱 蹖讴賲: 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕 亘乇 趩賳丿 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿貙 賵 卮蹖賵賴 賴丕蹖 賮乇丕趩賳诏 丌賵乇丿賳卮丕賳貨
賮氐賱 丿賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕蹖 賲賵乇賵孬蹖貨
賮氐賱 爻賵賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬蹖賵爻鬲賳 趩賳丿 賯賱賲乇賵 亘賴 蹖讴丿蹖诏乇貙 倬丿蹖丿 賲蹖丌蹖賳丿貨
賮氐賱 趩賴丕乇賲: 趩乇丕 丿乇 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖 丿丕乇蹖賵卮貙 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丕爻讴賳丿乇 丕賮鬲丕丿貙 倬爻 丕夭 賲乇诏 丕爻讴賳丿乇貙 賲乇丿賲 亘乇 噩丕賳卮蹖賳丕賳 賵蹖 賳卮賵乇蹖丿賳丿貨
賮氐賱 倬賳噩賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 卮蹖賵賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 亘乇 卮賴乇賴丕貙 蹖丕 丕賲蹖乇賳卮蹖賳賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳貙 亘丕 賯賵丕賳蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲蹖夭蹖爻鬲賴 丕賳丿貨
賮氐賱 卮卮賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 讴卮賵乇賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賳蹖乇賵蹖 亘丕夭賵蹖 禺賵丿貙 賲蹖诏蹖乇賳丿貨
賮氐賱 賴賮鬲賲: 丿乇 亘丕亘 倬丕丿卮丕賴蹖賴丕卅蹖 讴賴 亘賴 夭賵乇 亘丕夭賵蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 诏乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿 蹖丕 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 亘禺鬲
賵 ....貨
賮氐賱 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 卮卮賲: 賮乇丕禺賵丕賳卮蹖 亘賴 乇賴丕賳蹖丿賳 丕蹖鬲丕賱蹖丕 丕夭 趩賳诏丕賱 亘乇亘乇丕賳
賳丕賲 賳丕賲賴
賳賯賱 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: (卮賴乇蹖丕乇 賲蹖亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 丿賵 趩蹖夭 丿乇 丿賱 賴乇丕爻丕賳 亘丕卮丿貙 賳禺爻鬲 丕夭 芦丿乇賵賳 賵 乇毓丕蹖丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮禄貙 賵 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 芦亘蹖乇賵賳 賵 丕夭 賯丿乇鬲賴丕蹖 禺丕乇噩蹖禄 賮氐賱 賳賵夭丿賴賲貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 賳禺爻鬲
讴鬲丕亘 芦卮賴乇蹖丕乇禄貙 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 賵丕賱丕蹖蹖貙 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賵乇夭丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖貙 賵 爻蹖丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮诏丕賳 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳卮 乇丕貙 亘賴 賴賲诏丕賳 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖讴賳賲貙 賳孬乇 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 亘乇噩爻鬲賴 丕爻鬲
诏夭蹖丿賴 丕夭 賲鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘: (亘丕蹖丿 亘丿丕賳蹖丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻鬲蹖夭蹖丿賳 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 丿賵 乇丕賴 丿乇 倬蹖卮 丕爻鬲: 蹖讴蹖 亘丕 賯丕賳賵賳貙 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘丕 夭賵乇貨 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳貙 丿乇 禺賵乇 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丿賵賲蹖賳 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳貙 賵 丕夭 丌賳噩丕 讴賴 乇賵卮 賳禺爻鬲蹖賳 趩賴 亘爻丕 讴丕乇丌賲丿 賳蹖爻鬲貙 賳丕诏夭蹖乇 亘賴 丿賵賲蹖賳貙 乇賵蹖 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘй屫� 丌賵乇丿貨 丕夭 丕蹖賳乇賵 亘乇 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丕爻鬲貙 賰賴 亘丿丕賳丿 趩诏賵賳賴 乇賵卮 丿丿丕賳 賵 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘賳丿丿)貨 倬丕蹖丕賳 賳賯賱 丿賵賲
鬲丕乇蹖禺 亘賴賳诏丕賲 乇爻丕賳蹖 09/09/1399賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 12/07/1400賴噩乇蹖 禺賵乇卮蹖丿蹖貨 丕. 卮乇亘蹖丕賳蹖
August 31, 2024
Italy in the early 1500's was a sad, dispirited land of constant wars, deaths, destruction, political betrayals, schemes of conquest by greedy aristocrats, trying to enlarge their petty Italian states, invasion by ruthless, foreign troops, from France, Spain, the Swiss, rulers being overthrown and killed, armies continuously marching, towns sacked, fires blazing, black smoke poring into the sky , mercenary soldiers, slaughtering the innocent, pestilence spreading, only the wise, the strong and the lucky could abide...Niccolo Machiavelli, during the Renaissance, was a successful politician , and astute diplomat , from volatile Florence, until losing power and influence there...exiled, living seven miles from his native city, bored, he had plenty of time to think, write letters to friends, the nobles and books... and knowing how treacherous men are. His most famous book, The Prince, based on the cunning Cesar Borgia, the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI, no silly words about the nobility of rulers, ( a brief history, the recent bloodbaths, cities and men making bad decisions, philosophical discussions, how a Prince can remain in charge, at whatever cost) should act for the good of the people, but the real facts ..."Men are wretched creatures"... "It is better to be feared than loved,"..."Never attempt to win by force what can be won by deception "...stated the experienced Machiavelli, he knew the hearts of the Princes. Having seen Cesar Borgia and talked at length with him, became an admirer, ( well aware of all his evil, the butchering, and deceit, it can be forgiven in these times ) ...this man could bring peace to his native country, by conquest... chase out the foul, foreign soldiers, unite Italy again, make her a mighty force ...But dreams are only dreams, somethings are not quite possible...."Men are simple", yet events can't be predicted..The Prince, still widely read, and quite important book on the ways of the world, told by a man who was involved during that turbulent era...While Cesar Borgia, The Prince, is greatly sanitized, into a better person, than he really was, this writer wanted to give the Italian reader hope, for a better, more prosperous future...in a land that he loved, the suffering and chaos must end... 500 years after this brilliant, but controversial little book was published, aspects of its contents will be recognized by modern audiences, a new adjective made, Machiavellian ...to deceive people , by clever methods, to gain power... nations rise and fall, the maps change, but men's avarice, do not...
March 9, 2024
Machiavelli considers that human desires and states of spirit are always the same. Thus, he studies the past and seeks explanations for the reality of his time in history. The account can predict future events and use the same old ways or fail, creating other forms of action. Machiavelli asserted that selfish interests drive all men with no particular personal ambition and material prosperity at any cost鈥攈omo hominis lupus (The man is the wolf of the man). Deprivations lead man to work and to associative life. However, conflicts arise in the associated groups since the individual seeks their interests in each group until then. Politics emerges as an instrument of power whose importance manifests in the search for tools and the definition of objectives to establish order and prevent the destruction of society. Machiavelli is called the father of modern civilization. Machiavelli traced the first ideas of the doctrine of the Modern State, that is, the absolutist state as necessary to be consolidated and strong without moral limitation for the action of the governing authority, and notably positivist conception away from the natural law. Machiavelli, there was an exchange of the classical doctrines of politics based on a limited government's ideas and the ethical bases (moral bases). The ends justify the means. For Machiavelli, the state was an end in itself. The supreme duty of the ruler is to maintain the order, power, and security of the country he governs. For this, the ruler must use the necessary means to enable him to achieve this obligation, adopting:
a) There must be confidence in the governed;
b) They should not expect loyalty or affection but respect in their decisions;
c) If need be, be cynical and misleading to convince the governed who are working for them;
d) Do good in small doses, but if you need to do something more substantial or violent, you must do it quickly so as not to cause horror or revolt but compliance and respect;
e) In the work, The Prince points out that rulers can be praised or hated;
f) The Prince must act in such a way as to avoid ruining himself but rather preserve himself. If necessary, he will launch against each other for his advantage or will let things happen;
g) The Prince must be prudent, and prudence is his chief virtue. He should use other attributes that have a careful way to avoid ruin. On the contrary, if he has vices, he should make them look virtuous, aiming at his security and well-being.
a) There must be confidence in the governed;
b) They should not expect loyalty or affection but respect in their decisions;
c) If need be, be cynical and misleading to convince the governed who are working for them;
d) Do good in small doses, but if you need to do something more substantial or violent, you must do it quickly so as not to cause horror or revolt but compliance and respect;
e) In the work, The Prince points out that rulers can be praised or hated;
f) The Prince must act in such a way as to avoid ruining himself but rather preserve himself. If necessary, he will launch against each other for his advantage or will let things happen;
g) The Prince must be prudent, and prudence is his chief virtue. He should use other attributes that have a careful way to avoid ruin. On the contrary, if he has vices, he should make them look virtuous, aiming at his security and well-being.
March 20, 2018
I don't know how come I never reviewed this one but recently I was visiting this friend of mine in south India, Pramod (yes, the one from 欧宝娱乐), when he showed me this not-so-popular smaller piece, allegedly written by the author in his last days, 'Le Gente' and never published - for common people about how they can succeed in social life using diplomacy.
There were only twenty copies of same written in 19th century, of which Pramod's was one. Since he is a sort of book-worshipper, he won't let me touch it. Needless to say, I stole it before starting on my return journey.
If he finds about this review, he might unfriend me and sue me for theft - so this review won't be here too long. Anyway, in case of a legal action, I can always take shelter in points 14, 16 and 17 below.
...Ever since my return, I have been made to understand that critics believe these copies to be forgeries, none of these copies completely agree amongst themselves. Moreover, the writing style and some of the words used, suggest a later day authorship.
That being said, I think mine (or Pramod's) made some good points, although they weren't all so original. It will seem them that past and present owners of these copies have been quoting them without mentioning their source.
Since document is medieval and vague, I have been able to translate it only partially. Google translator helps only so much. Here are a few tips I found (I will add more, whenever I鈥檓 able to decipher the rest of it):
1. Honesty might win you friends, but not the powerful ones. (The later will be your enemies.)
2. If you delay it to the last moment and pretend to be anxious, one of your friends will come in and want to help you finish the project. Best way to half your workload.
3. Tell them an obvious lie to begin with. This will make them think that you are a bad lier and they will be inclined to believe in your more-cleverly told lies.
4. If you hate doing something - do it wrong the first time, they won't ask you to do it again.
5. Honesty is a terrible policy, that is, unless you put it on auction,
or,
Character doesn't buy food - not unless you get a good price for it.
6. Always pretend to be extremely religious. It creates a halo effect and makes people invest in you, virtues you don't have. Also, if you are lucky, call it 鈥楰arma鈥�, If you are unlucky, call it 鈥楪od鈥檚 mysterious ways鈥�. Always say 'God willing' whenever you make a promise - the best way to shrug off responsibility if you don't want to honor your promise.
7. A clever person always appreciates polite friends. They will let you walk all over them and take credit for their hard work. Nothing like them.
8. Never be on time. Let them wait for you. Teaches them b\how to value you.
9. Lying shows lack of art. The cleverness lies in telling people the selective truth. Still, if you have to lie, do. Scientists say there are alternative worlds in which almost everything is the truth. So, technically you can鈥檛 tell a lie. And you can鈥檛 be accused if people just assume that you are speaking only of this world.
10. Any show of your real sentiments is a weakness. The ability to show the sentiments that people want to see, even if you don鈥檛 have them, on the other hand, is a strength.
11. Never ever let the underdogs fool you into kindness.
12. Always have someone handy to blame* your failure upon.
13. Be quiet, and they will think of you as very wise. Be too talkative, and they will think of you as fools. A clever disguise both ways.
14. If they can鈥檛 prove it, you can鈥檛 be wrong.
15. If you say it repeatedly and are loud enough, it will become a truth.
16. The only crime is being caught. Criminals have got away with almost everything when they weren鈥檛 caught. So, make sure you are never get caught at anything. A clever person reads a law saying 鈥楾heft is punishable by law鈥� as 鈥楤eing caught and proved a thief is punishable by law.鈥�
17. At the end of the day, most advocates belong to Devil. And if you happen to come across a righteous one, Devil also happens to have most of the judges. However looking for a legal loophole before you leap is still more beneficial economically.
18. If you owe a bank five thousand dollars, the bank owns you. If you owe a bank five million dollars, you own the bank.
19. Gangsters and soldiers are boys. Managers, Lawyers, priests and politicians are women.
20. Nothing helps in creating money like an unhealthy conscience.
21. There are four kinds of people (the order is such that ones lower in the order have a better chance at being successful);
- those who are good, and are seen by others as good,
- those who are good but are seen by others as wicked.
- those who are and are seen by others as wicked,
- those who are wicked but are seen by others as good (thank you!).
* erroneously written in original Italian as 'lo borgeso' instead of 'lo biasimo'.
August 15, 2010
賱丕 禺賱丕賮 毓賱賷 兀賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 氐丕丿賲 賱賱睾丕賷丞貙 毓亘乇 賮賷賴 賲賷賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 毓賳 兀乇丕亍 賵兀賮賰丕乇 爻賷丕爻賷丞 鬲鬲毓丕乇囟 賲毓 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賲亘丕丿卅 賵丕賱兀禺賱丕賯貙 賳亘毓鬲 賮賷賴 賲賵丕賯賮丞 賲賳 賯丕毓丿丞 賴賵 賲賳 兀乇爻賶 賲亘丕丿卅賴丕 "丕賱睾丕賷丞 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱丞"貙 丨賷孬 賰賱 卮卅 賲亘丕丨 賱賱丨賰丕賲 賵丕賱兀賲乇丕亍 爻毓賷丕賸 賵乇丕亍 賲丕 兀鬲賮賯鬲 毓賱賷賴 乇睾亘丕鬲 丕賱亘卮乇 賲賳 賳噩丕丨 賵爻賷胤乇丞 賵丨賰賲貙 賮賮賷 爻亘賷賱 匕賱賰 賷丨賯 賱賱丨丕賰賲 兀賳 賷賰匕亘 賵賷賳賯囟 毓賴丿賴 賵賷賳丕賮賯 賵賷賲賰乇 賱卮毓亘賴 賵賷賳賯賱亘 毓賱賷 賲賳 賲丿 賱賴 賷丿 丕賱毓賵賳 賵兀賳 賷睾卮 賵賷禺丿毓貙 賵賷氐亘丨 賰賱 匕賱賰 賲丨賲賵丿 亘賱 賵賱丕 睾賳賷 毓賳賴 賱賱賵氐賵賱 賱賱丨賰賲 賵丕賱賳噩丕丨 賮賷賴.
卮禺氐賷丕賸貙兀賮鬲乇囟鬲 禺胤兀 兀賮賰丕乇賴 亘丨噩丞 兀賳 丨賰丕賲 兀賲孬丕賱 毓賲乇 亘賳 丕賱禺胤丕亘 賵毓賲乇 亘賳 毓亘丿 丕賱毓夭賷夭 賵氐賱丕丨 丕賱丿賷賳 丕賱兀賷賵亘賷 賵爻賷賮 丕賱丿賷賳 賯胤夭 賵睾賷乇賴賲 賲賲賳 賳噩丨賵丕 賳噩丕丨 賲賳賯胤毓 丕賱賳馗賷乇 賮賶 丕賱丨賰賲 賱賲 鬲賰賳 鬲賱賰 卮賷賲賴賲 賵賱丕 賲亘丕丿卅賴賲貙 賵賱賰賳賷 賵噩丿鬲 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 兀爻丕爻賷 賲卮鬲乇賰 亘賷賳賴賲 賮賷 丿賵丕賮毓賴賲 兀賳賴賲 -噩賲賷毓丕賸- 賱賲 賷胤賲丨賵丕 賱賱丿賳賷丕貙 賵兀賴丿丕賮賴賲 賰丕賳鬲 兀爻賲賷 賲賳 丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 賵丕賱丨賰賲貙 賵賴賵 廿孬亘丕鬲 兀賳 兀乇丕亍 賲賷賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 賵丕賯毓賷丞 噩丿丕賸 胤丕賱賲丕 丕賱賴丿賮 丿賳賷賵賷 亘丨鬲.
丕賱賲丿賴卮 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀賳賰 亘毓丿 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 廿匕丕 丨丕賵賱鬲 兀賳 鬲賳馗乇 丨賵賱賰 爻鬲噩丿 兀賳 賰賱 賲丕 賯丕賱賴 匕賱賰 丕賱乇噩賱 賷丨丿孬 亘賰賱 鬲賮丕氐賷賱賴 賮賷 賰賱 亘賱丕丿 丕賱兀乇囟 賵亘丿賯丞 賲乇毓亘丞貙 賵賴賵 賲丕 賷胤乇丨 爻丐丕賱 賲賴賲貙 賴賱 賲賷賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 賴賵 賲賳 睾賷乇 卮賰賱 丕賱毓丕賱賲 亘兀賮賰丕乇賴 賵兀乇丕亍賴貙 兀賲 兀賳賴 賮賯胤 賰丕賳 氐丕丿賯 賵賵丕賯毓賷 賮賷 鬲爻噩賷賱 丕賱賵噩賴 丕賱賯賲賷卅 賱賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞責
卮禺氐賷丕賸貙兀賮鬲乇囟鬲 禺胤兀 兀賮賰丕乇賴 亘丨噩丞 兀賳 丨賰丕賲 兀賲孬丕賱 毓賲乇 亘賳 丕賱禺胤丕亘 賵毓賲乇 亘賳 毓亘丿 丕賱毓夭賷夭 賵氐賱丕丨 丕賱丿賷賳 丕賱兀賷賵亘賷 賵爻賷賮 丕賱丿賷賳 賯胤夭 賵睾賷乇賴賲 賲賲賳 賳噩丨賵丕 賳噩丕丨 賲賳賯胤毓 丕賱賳馗賷乇 賮賶 丕賱丨賰賲 賱賲 鬲賰賳 鬲賱賰 卮賷賲賴賲 賵賱丕 賲亘丕丿卅賴賲貙 賵賱賰賳賷 賵噩丿鬲 丕禺鬲賱丕賮 兀爻丕爻賷 賲卮鬲乇賰 亘賷賳賴賲 賮賷 丿賵丕賮毓賴賲 兀賳賴賲 -噩賲賷毓丕賸- 賱賲 賷胤賲丨賵丕 賱賱丿賳賷丕貙 賵兀賴丿丕賮賴賲 賰丕賳鬲 兀爻賲賷 賲賳 丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 賵丕賱丨賰賲貙 賵賴賵 廿孬亘丕鬲 兀賳 兀乇丕亍 賲賷賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 賵丕賯毓賷丞 噩丿丕賸 胤丕賱賲丕 丕賱賴丿賮 丿賳賷賵賷 亘丨鬲.
丕賱賲丿賴卮 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 兀賳賰 亘毓丿 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 廿匕丕 丨丕賵賱鬲 兀賳 鬲賳馗乇 丨賵賱賰 爻鬲噩丿 兀賳 賰賱 賲丕 賯丕賱賴 匕賱賰 丕賱乇噩賱 賷丨丿孬 亘賰賱 鬲賮丕氐賷賱賴 賮賷 賰賱 亘賱丕丿 丕賱兀乇囟 賵亘丿賯丞 賲乇毓亘丞貙 賵賴賵 賲丕 賷胤乇丨 爻丐丕賱 賲賴賲貙 賴賱 賲賷賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 賴賵 賲賳 睾賷乇 卮賰賱 丕賱毓丕賱賲 亘兀賮賰丕乇賴 賵兀乇丕亍賴貙 兀賲 兀賳賴 賮賯胤 賰丕賳 氐丕丿賯 賵賵丕賯毓賷 賮賷 鬲爻噩賷賱 丕賱賵噩賴 丕賱賯賲賷卅 賱賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞責
January 22, 2016
讴鬲丕亘 丿乇賲丕賳蹖
亘賴 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 爻蹖丕爻蹖 毓賱丕賯賴 丿丕乇賳.
賵 禺氐賵氐丕賸 亘賴 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丌乇賲丕賳诏乇丕 賴爻鬲賳 蹖丕 鬲氐賵乇 爻丕丿賴 丕蹖 丕夭 毓乇氐賴 蹖 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丿丕乇賳 賵 丕夭 倬蹖趩蹖丿诏蹖 賴丕 賵 睾賲賵囟卮 亘蹖 丕胤賱丕毓賳.
賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖
賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖 (佟伽佴侃-佟佶佗侑)貙 丕夭 亘夭乇诏 鬲乇蹖賳 丕賳丿蹖卮賲賳丿丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖 丕賵丕禺乇 賯乇賵賳 賵爻胤丕 賵 丕賵丕蹖賱 乇賳爻丕賳爻貙 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 爻賴 賳馗乇蹖賴 卮 賲毓乇賵賮賴:
賳禺爻鬲貙 賲毓蹖丕乇 賲卮乇賵毓蹖鬲 丨讴賵賲鬲貙 賯丿乇鬲 丕爻鬲.
丿賵賲貙 賴丿賮 賵爻蹖賱賴 乇丕 鬲賵噩蹖賴 賲蹖 讴賳丿.
爻賵賲貙 亘賴鬲乇 丕爻鬲 賲乇丿賲 丕夭 丨丕讴賲 亘鬲乇爻賳丿 鬲丕 丿賵爻鬲卮 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿.
亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 爻賴 賲賯丿賲賴貙 賲蹖卮賴 丨丿爻 夭丿 讴賴 亘丕 趩賴 讴鬲丕亘 賴蹖噩丕賳 丕賳诏蹖夭蹖 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 賴爻鬲蹖賲. 讴鬲丕亘 卮賴乇蹖丕乇貙 賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕蹖賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丕賵賳 丿爻鬲賵乇賴丕蹖 賱丕夭賲 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丨讴賵賲鬲 賵 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 丕賵賳 乇賵 鬲毓賱蹖賲 賲蹖丿賴.
讴鬲丕亘
讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 丿賵 丿爻鬲賴 丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 賵 鬲毓丕賱蹖賲 鬲卮讴蹖賱 卮丿賴:
丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖
賲賱丕讴 賳蹖讴蹖 賵 亘丿蹖 趩蹖賴責 丌蹖丕 賴賲賴 噩丕 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 丌賳 趩賴 丕夭 賳馗乇 賲乇丿賲 禺賵亘賴 毓賲賱 讴乇丿責
趩賳丿 賮氐賱 丕夭 賳蹖賲賴 蹖 丿賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 賴丕 賵 爻丐丕賱 賴丕蹖 賲卮丕亘賴 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 丕禺鬲氐丕氐 丿丕乇賴.
賵 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 亘丕 賱丨賳蹖 胤賳夭丌賱賵丿 丨讴賲 賯胤毓蹖 乇賵 氐丕丿乇 賲蹖讴賳賴:
丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 毓賲賱蹖
丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮貙 亘丨孬 丕蹖賳 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 趩蹖 禺賵亘賴 賵 趩蹖 亘丿賴貙 亘丨孬賴 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 卮賴乇 乇賵 丿乇 賲丨丕氐乇賴 丨賮馗 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 丿乇 賲賳丕爻亘丕鬲 爻蹖丕爻蹖 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 賯卮賵賳 乇丕 丕丿丕乇賴 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲乇丿賲 乇丕 賲丿蹖乇蹖鬲 讴乇丿貙 蹖毓賳蹖 亘丨孬 丿爻鬲賵乇丕賱毓賲賱 賴丕蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 丿丕乇蹖.
丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮 噩夭卅蹖丕鬲 賵 馗乇丕賮鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵 丿乇 丕賲乇 丨讴賵賲鬲 鬲亘蹖蹖賳 賲蹖 讴賳賴 讴賴 賲蹖卮賴 丨丿爻 夭丿 讴賴 乇毓丕蹖鬲 卮賵賳 蹖讴 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丨賯蹖賯蹖 乇賵 亘賴 噩賳賵賳 賲蹖 讴卮賴.
賲孬賱孬 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖爻鬲蹖
賲賵賯毓 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 亘賴 鬲賳丕賵亘 蹖丕丿 丿賵 讴鬲丕亘 亘夭乇诏 丿蹖诏賴 賲蹖 丕賮鬲丕丿賲 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 丿蹖丿 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖爻鬲蹖 賵丕賯毓 亘蹖賳丕賳賴 賵 毓賲賱 诏乇丕蹖丕賳賴 亘賴 賲爻丕卅賱蹖 賲卮丕亘賴 賲蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 賵 賴賲蹖賳 賯丿乇 亘乇丕賲 賱匕鬲 亘禺卮 亘賵丿 禺賵賳丿賳卮賵賳.
蹖讴蹖 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 爻賵賳 鬲夭賵 賮乇賲丕賳丿賴 趩蹖賳蹖 讴賴 卮乇丨 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 賱卮诏乇賴.
丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 讴蹖讴丕賵爻 亘賳 丕爻讴賳丿乇貙 倬丕丿卮丕賴 夭蹖丕乇蹖 讴賴 卮乇丨 丕賲賵乇 賲禺鬲賱賮 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕夭 噩賲賱賴 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲賴.
蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻賴 讴鬲丕亘 (賴賳乇 乇夭賲) 乇賵 丿丕乇賲 賵 丿賵 鬲丕蹖 丿蹖诏賴 乇賵 丨鬲賲丕賸 亘丕蹖丿 亘禺乇賲 賵 毓賱蹖 丕賱丿賵丕賲 亘賴卮賵賳 乇噩賵毓 讴賳賲.
亘賴 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 爻蹖丕爻蹖 毓賱丕賯賴 丿丕乇賳.
賵 禺氐賵氐丕賸 亘賴 讴爻丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丌乇賲丕賳诏乇丕 賴爻鬲賳 蹖丕 鬲氐賵乇 爻丕丿賴 丕蹖 丕夭 毓乇氐賴 蹖 爻蹖丕爻鬲 丿丕乇賳 賵 丕夭 倬蹖趩蹖丿诏蹖 賴丕 賵 睾賲賵囟卮 亘蹖 丕胤賱丕毓賳.
賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖
賳蹖讴賵賱賵 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖 (佟伽佴侃-佟佶佗侑)貙 丕夭 亘夭乇诏 鬲乇蹖賳 丕賳丿蹖卮賲賳丿丕賳 爻蹖丕爻蹖 丕賵丕禺乇 賯乇賵賳 賵爻胤丕 賵 丕賵丕蹖賱 乇賳爻丕賳爻貙 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 爻賴 賳馗乇蹖賴 卮 賲毓乇賵賮賴:
賳禺爻鬲貙 賲毓蹖丕乇 賲卮乇賵毓蹖鬲 丨讴賵賲鬲貙 賯丿乇鬲 丕爻鬲.
"毓賯賱 賳賲蹖 倬匕蹖乇丿 讴賴 卮禺氐 賲爻賱賾丨 亘丕 賲蹖賱 賵 乇囟丕蹖 禺賵丿 丕夭 卮禺氐 睾蹖乇 賲爻賱賾丨 丕胤丕毓鬲 讴賳丿."
丿賵賲貙 賴丿賮 賵爻蹖賱賴 乇丕 鬲賵噩蹖賴 賲蹖 讴賳丿.
"卮賴乇蹖丕乇 毓丕賯賱 賳亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 丕鬲氐丕賮 亘賴 馗賱賲 亘鬲乇爻丿貙 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 亘賴 賵爻蹖賱賴 蹖 丌賳 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 賳丕丕賲賳蹖 賵 賴乇噩 賵 賲乇噩 乇丕 丌乇丕賲 讴賳丿."
爻賵賲貙 亘賴鬲乇 丕爻鬲 賲乇丿賲 丕夭 丨丕讴賲 亘鬲乇爻賳丿 鬲丕 丿賵爻鬲卮 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賳丿.
亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 爻賴 賲賯丿賲賴貙 賲蹖卮賴 丨丿爻 夭丿 讴賴 亘丕 趩賴 讴鬲丕亘 賴蹖噩丕賳 丕賳诏蹖夭蹖 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 賴爻鬲蹖賲. 讴鬲丕亘 卮賴乇蹖丕乇貙 賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕蹖賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賵蹖 丕賵賳 丿爻鬲賵乇賴丕蹖 賱丕夭賲 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丨讴賵賲鬲 賵 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 丕賵賳 乇賵 鬲毓賱蹖賲 賲蹖丿賴.
讴鬲丕亘
讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 丿賵 丿爻鬲賴 丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 賵 鬲毓丕賱蹖賲 鬲卮讴蹖賱 卮丿賴:
丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖
賲賱丕讴 賳蹖讴蹖 賵 亘丿蹖 趩蹖賴責 丌蹖丕 賴賲賴 噩丕 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 丌賳 趩賴 丕夭 賳馗乇 賲乇丿賲 禺賵亘賴 毓賲賱 讴乇丿責
趩賳丿 賮氐賱 丕夭 賳蹖賲賴 蹖 丿賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 賴丕 賵 爻丐丕賱 賴丕蹖 賲卮丕亘賴 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 丕禺鬲氐丕氐 丿丕乇賴.
賵 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 亘丕 賱丨賳蹖 胤賳夭丌賱賵丿 丨讴賲 賯胤毓蹖 乇賵 氐丕丿乇 賲蹖讴賳賴:
"丕诏乇 卮賴乇蹖丕乇蹖 賵丕噩丿 鬲賲丕賲 氐賮丕鬲 賳蹖讴 亘丕卮丿貙 亘蹖 鬲乇丿蹖丿 卮丕蹖爻鬲賴 蹖 爻鬲丕蹖卮 鬲賲丕賲 丕亘賳丕蹖 亘卮乇 丕爻鬲貨 丕賲丕 鬲賳賴丕 蹖讴 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 毓丕賯賱 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 讴賴 丿乇 賲賵賯毓 賲賯鬲囟蹖 亘丕蹖丿 亘蹖 丿睾丿睾賴 蹖 禺丕胤乇 亘賴 丕賯丿丕賲丕鬲 禺卮賳 賵 鬲賳丿 賲亘丕丿乇鬲 讴賳丿貙 夭蹖乇丕 亘丿賵賳 丕蹖賳 丕賯丿丕賲丕鬲 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 賯丿乇鬲 乇丕 丨賮馗 賳賲賵丿."
丿爻鬲賵乇丕鬲 毓賲賱蹖
丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮貙 亘丨孬 丕蹖賳 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 趩蹖 禺賵亘賴 賵 趩蹖 亘丿賴貙 亘丨孬賴 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 卮賴乇 乇賵 丿乇 賲丨丕氐乇賴 丨賮馗 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 丿乇 賲賳丕爻亘丕鬲 爻蹖丕爻蹖 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 賯卮賵賳 乇丕 丕丿丕乇賴 讴乇丿貙 趩胤賵乇 亘丕蹖丿 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲乇丿賲 乇丕 賲丿蹖乇蹖鬲 讴乇丿貙 蹖毓賳蹖 亘丨孬 丿爻鬲賵乇丕賱毓賲賱 賴丕蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲 丿丕乇蹖.
丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘禺卮 噩夭卅蹖丕鬲 賵 馗乇丕賮鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵 丿乇 丕賲乇 丨讴賵賲鬲 鬲亘蹖蹖賳 賲蹖 讴賳賴 讴賴 賲蹖卮賴 丨丿爻 夭丿 讴賴 乇毓丕蹖鬲 卮賵賳 蹖讴 卮賴乇蹖丕乇 丨賯蹖賯蹖 乇賵 亘賴 噩賳賵賳 賲蹖 讴卮賴.
賲孬賱孬 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖爻鬲蹖
賲賵賯毓 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 亘賴 鬲賳丕賵亘 蹖丕丿 丿賵 讴鬲丕亘 亘夭乇诏 丿蹖诏賴 賲蹖 丕賮鬲丕丿賲 讴賴 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 丿蹖丿 賲丕讴蹖丕賵賱蹖爻鬲蹖 賵丕賯毓 亘蹖賳丕賳賴 賵 毓賲賱 诏乇丕蹖丕賳賴 亘賴 賲爻丕卅賱蹖 賲卮丕亘賴 賲蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 賵 賴賲蹖賳 賯丿乇 亘乇丕賲 賱匕鬲 亘禺卮 亘賵丿 禺賵賳丿賳卮賵賳.
蹖讴蹖 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 爻賵賳 鬲夭賵 賮乇賲丕賳丿賴 趩蹖賳蹖 讴賴 卮乇丨 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 賱卮诏乇賴.
丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 讴蹖讴丕賵爻 亘賳 丕爻讴賳丿乇貙 倬丕丿卮丕賴 夭蹖丕乇蹖 讴賴 卮乇丨 丕賲賵乇 賲禺鬲賱賮 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕夭 噩賲賱賴 丕丿丕乇賴 蹖 丨讴賵賲鬲賴.
蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻賴 讴鬲丕亘 (賴賳乇 乇夭賲) 乇賵 丿丕乇賲 賵 丿賵 鬲丕蹖 丿蹖诏賴 乇賵 丨鬲賲丕賸 亘丕蹖丿 亘禺乇賲 賵 毓賱蹖 丕賱丿賵丕賲 亘賴卮賵賳 乇噩賵毓 讴賳賲.
August 21, 2020
So, it seems there has been a bit of a mix up.
I had no idea what this was about, I just assumed I was going to read a fairly raucous fictional story about a Prince. So you can imagine my shock when I read the opening chapter.
I feel bad for giving this a one star as this is entirely my fault however it meets all the criteria, I had to drag myself through, I understood little and the only satisfaction I received was reaching the end.
Sorry Machiavelli.
I had no idea what this was about, I just assumed I was going to read a fairly raucous fictional story about a Prince. So you can imagine my shock when I read the opening chapter.
I feel bad for giving this a one star as this is entirely my fault however it meets all the criteria, I had to drag myself through, I understood little and the only satisfaction I received was reaching the end.
Sorry Machiavelli.
December 10, 2008
In this book, Machiavelli makes his purpose clear: how to get power and keep it.
No happiness. No warm and fuzzy pats on the back. Definitely no hugs. No words of encouragement. Definitely nothing about being nice.
Being nice, in politics, in war, in struggles for power, often ends with one person winning and the other person being in prison, disgraced, exiled, or dead.
That was the context in which Machiavelli wrote this book. Italy at the time was a collection of warring states, not united. One power would seize control, and then it would be lost when that ruler died, or, worse, made a horrible mistake.
Machiavelli did the best thing he could - he took a step back, observed, took notes, and then presented his findings to the person he felt had the most promise at the time.
I love reading reviews about how the books is so this and that, so diabolical and evil and mean, and yet how so many people divorce it from the context it was written in, as if it was created in a vacuum. Remember, people - in his time, if you were a leader, you had some seriously scary decisions to make, and there was no room for emotion, for warmth, nor for sentimentality.
Sure, it might sound like a really screwed up and horrible way to live and think, but when you are a leader of a nation beset on all sides by those who would like nothing more than to invade your country, raze it, and then subject your people to being occupied (or worse), you do what you need to do in order to survive. When you are fighting for survival, all ends do justify the means because the goal is survival. Period.
Machiavelli understood this, and the product was this book. There is a damn good reason why so many people started calling him "the devil." Why the book was put on the Catholic Index of banned books.
The book makes no promises about being nice or this or that. It delivers on what it promises - how a person can gain and acquire power and keep it, and the sometimes ruthless actions necessary to maintain it and protect one's own self.
No happiness. No warm and fuzzy pats on the back. Definitely no hugs. No words of encouragement. Definitely nothing about being nice.
Being nice, in politics, in war, in struggles for power, often ends with one person winning and the other person being in prison, disgraced, exiled, or dead.
That was the context in which Machiavelli wrote this book. Italy at the time was a collection of warring states, not united. One power would seize control, and then it would be lost when that ruler died, or, worse, made a horrible mistake.
Machiavelli did the best thing he could - he took a step back, observed, took notes, and then presented his findings to the person he felt had the most promise at the time.
I love reading reviews about how the books is so this and that, so diabolical and evil and mean, and yet how so many people divorce it from the context it was written in, as if it was created in a vacuum. Remember, people - in his time, if you were a leader, you had some seriously scary decisions to make, and there was no room for emotion, for warmth, nor for sentimentality.
Sure, it might sound like a really screwed up and horrible way to live and think, but when you are a leader of a nation beset on all sides by those who would like nothing more than to invade your country, raze it, and then subject your people to being occupied (or worse), you do what you need to do in order to survive. When you are fighting for survival, all ends do justify the means because the goal is survival. Period.
Machiavelli understood this, and the product was this book. There is a damn good reason why so many people started calling him "the devil." Why the book was put on the Catholic Index of banned books.
The book makes no promises about being nice or this or that. It delivers on what it promises - how a person can gain and acquire power and keep it, and the sometimes ruthless actions necessary to maintain it and protect one's own self.
May 6, 2015
How to run things and hopefully remain popular but not give a monkey's if they hate you. How to instil enough fear in people that they at least show respect to your face.
Plenty of good lessons here for a politician, but adaptable by anyone if you don't mind being thought evil by your nearest and dearest. And I don't.
Plenty of good lessons here for a politician, but adaptable by anyone if you don't mind being thought evil by your nearest and dearest. And I don't.
January 2, 2025
The Prince is a political treatise written by a Florentine diplomat, Niccolo Machiavelli. In a time of foreign invasion and rule of the different parts of Italy, Machiavelli wrote this treatise and dedicated it to Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici of the Medici family in the hope that one strong ruler will emerge from that powerful house and drive the foreign rulers away from Italy.
This treatise is mainly concerned with the acquisition and preservation of power. It contains Machiavelli's detailed advice to the Princes on how to gain power and preserve it, enabling them to rule the kingdom for a lifetime and in glory.
Machiavelli, being a former diplomat and also a military commander for the Florentine Republic, wrote this based on his personal expertise. Thus one can see a comprehensive account of all the areas of concern that a ruler should consider when he comes to power, for according to Machiavelli, gaining power is easier than preserving it. However, the advice given by this treatise is controversial, for it advocates that to achieve glory the Prince must acquire power, and to survive being in power needs to resort to any means of conduct, even though they would be base and immoral. For example, Machiavelli says that the Prince must only be careful not to be hated and despised and that if he should choose between love and fear of his subjects that he should choose fear, for that will help him more to be in power. He also says what appears to the eyes of the subjects is what matters and to keep the appearance of being good, merciful, and religious. Machiavelli further says a good prince should be a good liar and a deceiver! Reading The Prince I wondered if all the leaders around the world had read this 16th-century treatise and taken Machiavelli's advice to heart.
As a normal "subject", I don't agree with Machiavelli's views. Then again, I'm no politician or any big shot who thinks of acquiring power. I'm only a disinterested reader. Nevertheless, from an objective point of view, there is some truth in Machiavelli's wisdom. Overall, it was an interesting read (despite its contents) and I really enjoyed reading the many historical events referred to in it.
This treatise is mainly concerned with the acquisition and preservation of power. It contains Machiavelli's detailed advice to the Princes on how to gain power and preserve it, enabling them to rule the kingdom for a lifetime and in glory.
Machiavelli, being a former diplomat and also a military commander for the Florentine Republic, wrote this based on his personal expertise. Thus one can see a comprehensive account of all the areas of concern that a ruler should consider when he comes to power, for according to Machiavelli, gaining power is easier than preserving it. However, the advice given by this treatise is controversial, for it advocates that to achieve glory the Prince must acquire power, and to survive being in power needs to resort to any means of conduct, even though they would be base and immoral. For example, Machiavelli says that the Prince must only be careful not to be hated and despised and that if he should choose between love and fear of his subjects that he should choose fear, for that will help him more to be in power. He also says what appears to the eyes of the subjects is what matters and to keep the appearance of being good, merciful, and religious. Machiavelli further says a good prince should be a good liar and a deceiver! Reading The Prince I wondered if all the leaders around the world had read this 16th-century treatise and taken Machiavelli's advice to heart.
As a normal "subject", I don't agree with Machiavelli's views. Then again, I'm no politician or any big shot who thinks of acquiring power. I'm only a disinterested reader. Nevertheless, from an objective point of view, there is some truth in Machiavelli's wisdom. Overall, it was an interesting read (despite its contents) and I really enjoyed reading the many historical events referred to in it.
January 27, 2022
The promise given was a necessity of the past: the word broken is a necessity of the present.
No, you don't understand.
It is double pleasure to deceive the deceiver.
I need someone to write a romance book about a hero that would be the exact replica of Niccol貌 Machiavelli.
Never attempt to win by force what can be won by deception.
Insightful, witty, manipulative, unscrupulous, ruthless, brilliant man of my dreams who'd rather overthrow the status quo than try to preserve it. 鉁�
Because there are three classes of intellects: one which comprehends by itself; another which appreciates what others comprehend; and a third which neither comprehends by itself nor by the showing of others; the first is the most excellent, the second is good, the third is useless.
If I were a ruler of Florence (Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici, yes, I'm looking at your portrait right now), I'd read this book to pieces.
Men ought either to be well treated or crushed, because they can avenge themselves of lighter injuries, of more serious ones they cannot; therefore the injury that is to be done to a man ought to be of such a kind that one does not stand in fear of revenge.
I'd read it before bed every night for the rest of my life.
Men judge generally more by the eye than by the hand, for everyone can see and few can feel. Every one sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are.
May 31, 2020
A young colleague of mine recently said 鈥榤anagement is easy鈥�. I smiled enigmatically and considered buying him a copy of 鈥楾he Prince鈥� but I fear it would be wasted. I am now on my third copy of this book which, alas, I can only read in English. The George Bull translation (as reprinted in 1995) is the version I currently refer to.
I first read this book when studying economic history at high school in the second half of the last century. I was intrigued by Machiavelli鈥檚 advice even though I had little understanding of the Florentine Republic. I next read the book when looking more generally at political models and at Renaissance history. Since then, I鈥檝e always had a copy: it is as relevant to understanding the art and practice of management as it is to a broader understanding of the models and processes of governance. It also provides some valuable contextual setting for those interested in the Medici.
So why is 鈥楾he Prince鈥� still relevant? What can we learn from a treatise that was dedicated to Lorenzo de Medici (1492 - 1519) but not published until 1532, some five years after Machiavelli himself was dead?
Specific settings and circumstances may change: general human psychology and motivation does not. There is politics involved in all management. The chasm between management theory and practice is occupied by politics (in all senses) and complicated by the affairs, aspirations and expedient alliances of people.
Jennifer Cameron-Smith
I first read this book when studying economic history at high school in the second half of the last century. I was intrigued by Machiavelli鈥檚 advice even though I had little understanding of the Florentine Republic. I next read the book when looking more generally at political models and at Renaissance history. Since then, I鈥檝e always had a copy: it is as relevant to understanding the art and practice of management as it is to a broader understanding of the models and processes of governance. It also provides some valuable contextual setting for those interested in the Medici.
So why is 鈥楾he Prince鈥� still relevant? What can we learn from a treatise that was dedicated to Lorenzo de Medici (1492 - 1519) but not published until 1532, some five years after Machiavelli himself was dead?
Specific settings and circumstances may change: general human psychology and motivation does not. There is politics involved in all management. The chasm between management theory and practice is occupied by politics (in all senses) and complicated by the affairs, aspirations and expedient alliances of people.
Jennifer Cameron-Smith
January 3, 2020
I've given this remarkable book 5 stars not because it enjoys such a grand reputation, but because I thoroughly enjoyed reading it. Machiavelli may have been the only person in history to give such sound advice to his prince and at the same time to reveal an astonishing understanding of human nature. With very little imagination on the part of the reader, his thoughts apply equally well today as they did more than 500 years ago. Mankind is just as good鈥攁nd as evil鈥攁s it was half a millennium ago. Human nature hasn't changed.
January 15, 2025
This book really opened my eyes to the way true power is exercised. Should be a 'foundational book' for anyone hoping to build a 'knowledge library' they can go back to throughout life. I often 'flip' through this book and just read whatever page I come upon. Always find something new even after multiple readings.
August 30, 2019
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 兀亘丕賱睾 廿賳 賯賱鬲 丕賳賴 賲賳 兀賴賲 賲丕 賰鬲亘 賮賷 毓丕賱賲 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 賵廿丿丕乇丞 卮丐賵賳 丕賱丿賵賱
丕丨鬲噩鬲 賱賯乇丕卅鬲賴 賲乇鬲賷賳 賲毓 鬲賱禺賷氐 噩丕丿 賮賷 丕賱賲乇丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞 賱賰孬乇丞 賲丕 賵噩丿鬲 賲賳 鬲胤丕亘賯 兀賮賰丕乇賴 賲毓 兀丨賵丕賱 賵卮丐賵賳 丿賵賱 毓丿賷丿丞 賯丿賷賲丞 賵丨丿賷孬丞
丨鬲賶 兀賳賴 賷孬賷乇 丕賱卮賰賵賰 丨賵賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賳賮爻賴 廿賳 賰丕賳 賮毓賱丕 賰鬲亘 賯亘賱 禺賲爻賲丕卅丞 毓丕賲
兀賲丕 賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賴賵 孬賱丕孬丞 兀賯爻丕賲 :
丕賱兀賵賱 : 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丿賵賱 賵賳卮兀鬲賴丕 賵兀賳賵丕毓賴丕 賵廿丿丕乇鬲賴丕 賵賷賵乇丿 兀丨丿丕孬丕 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞
丕賱孬丕賳賷 : 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱噩賷賵卮 賵丕賱鬲丨丕賱賮丕鬲 賵丕賱賲毓丕乇賰
丕賱孬丕賱孬 : 賵賴賵 丕賱兀賴賲 賵丕賱匕賷 賴賵 賰賲丕 兀毓鬲賯丿 乇亘胤 亘賷賳 賲賷賰丕賮賱賱賷 賵 丕賱胤睾丕丞 賵匕賱賰 亘爻亘亘 賳氐丕卅丨賴 賱賱丨賰丕賲 賱賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 丿賵賱賴賲 賵廿賲丕乇丕鬲賴賲 亘賲丕 鬲鬲囟賲賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱賳氐丕卅丨 賲賳 兀卮賰丕賱 賲禺鬲賱賮丞 賲賳 丕賱禺爻丞 賵丕賱賳匕丕賱丞 賵賴賵 毓賱賶 匕賱賰 賷乇賶 兀賳賴 賱賷爻 丕賱賲賴賲 賲丕 賷鬲氐賮 亘賴 丕賱兀賲賷乇 賲賳 氐賮丕鬲 亘賯丿乇 賲丕 鬲賮賷丿 鬲賱賰 丕賱氐賮丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 丕賱賲賱賰 賵丕賱賴賷亘丞 賵丕賱丿賵賱丞
賮賷 毓丕賱賲 鬲毓氐賮 賮賷賴 丕賱賲氐丕賱丨 賵丕賱賲丐丕賲乇丕鬲 賵賷亘鬲毓丿 丕賱賰孬賷乇 毓賳 丕賱賱賴 賵丕賱丨爻丕亘 賵丕賱毓賯丕亘 賵丕賱賷賵賲 丕賱丌禺乇 賮賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷毓亘乇 亘丿賯丞 毓賲丕 賷丨氐賱 賮賷 毓丕賱賲賳丕 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇
丕丨鬲噩鬲 賱賯乇丕卅鬲賴 賲乇鬲賷賳 賲毓 鬲賱禺賷氐 噩丕丿 賮賷 丕賱賲乇丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞 賱賰孬乇丞 賲丕 賵噩丿鬲 賲賳 鬲胤丕亘賯 兀賮賰丕乇賴 賲毓 兀丨賵丕賱 賵卮丐賵賳 丿賵賱 毓丿賷丿丞 賯丿賷賲丞 賵丨丿賷孬丞
丨鬲賶 兀賳賴 賷孬賷乇 丕賱卮賰賵賰 丨賵賱 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賳賮爻賴 廿賳 賰丕賳 賮毓賱丕 賰鬲亘 賯亘賱 禺賲爻賲丕卅丞 毓丕賲
兀賲丕 賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賴賵 孬賱丕孬丞 兀賯爻丕賲 :
丕賱兀賵賱 : 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丿賵賱 賵賳卮兀鬲賴丕 賵兀賳賵丕毓賴丕 賵廿丿丕乇鬲賴丕 賵賷賵乇丿 兀丨丿丕孬丕 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞
丕賱孬丕賳賷 : 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱噩賷賵卮 賵丕賱鬲丨丕賱賮丕鬲 賵丕賱賲毓丕乇賰
丕賱孬丕賱孬 : 賵賴賵 丕賱兀賴賲 賵丕賱匕賷 賴賵 賰賲丕 兀毓鬲賯丿 乇亘胤 亘賷賳 賲賷賰丕賮賱賱賷 賵 丕賱胤睾丕丞 賵匕賱賰 亘爻亘亘 賳氐丕卅丨賴 賱賱丨賰丕賲 賱賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 丿賵賱賴賲 賵廿賲丕乇丕鬲賴賲 亘賲丕 鬲鬲囟賲賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱賳氐丕卅丨 賲賳 兀卮賰丕賱 賲禺鬲賱賮丞 賲賳 丕賱禺爻丞 賵丕賱賳匕丕賱丞 賵賴賵 毓賱賶 匕賱賰 賷乇賶 兀賳賴 賱賷爻 丕賱賲賴賲 賲丕 賷鬲氐賮 亘賴 丕賱兀賲賷乇 賲賳 氐賮丕鬲 亘賯丿乇 賲丕 鬲賮賷丿 鬲賱賰 丕賱氐賮丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 丕賱賲賱賰 賵丕賱賴賷亘丞 賵丕賱丿賵賱丞
賮賷 毓丕賱賲 鬲毓氐賮 賮賷賴 丕賱賲氐丕賱丨 賵丕賱賲丐丕賲乇丕鬲 賵賷亘鬲毓丿 丕賱賰孬賷乇 毓賳 丕賱賱賴 賵丕賱丨爻丕亘 賵丕賱毓賯丕亘 賵丕賱賷賵賲 丕賱丌禺乇 賮賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷毓亘乇 亘丿賯丞 毓賲丕 賷丨氐賱 賮賷 毓丕賱賲賳丕 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇
June 11, 2011
丕賯鬲亘丕爻丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘
丕賱賳丕爻 賱丕 鬲丐賲賳 亘丕賱噩丿賷丿 廿賱丕 亘毓丿 兀賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 賮毓賱丕
丕賱賲夭丕賷丕 賷噩亘 廿毓胤丕丐賴丕 賱賱乇毓賷丞 噩乇毓丞 噩乇毓丞 丨鬲賶 賷爻鬲賲鬲毓賵丕 亘賴丕 賵賷卮毓乇賵丕 亘賮丕卅丿鬲賴丕
丕賱亘爻胤丕亍 賲賳 丕賱賳丕爻 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲毓丿丕丿 賱賯亘賵賱 兀賷 兀賲乇 賵丕賯毓貙 賵賲賳 賷禺丿毓賴賲 爻賷噩丿 賲賳 亘賷賳賴賲 賲賳 賷賯亘賱 兀賳 賷賳禺丿毓 亘爻賴賵賱丞
賲賳 賷氐亘丨 丨丕賰賲丕 賱賲丿賷賳丞 丨乇丞 賵賱丕 賷丿賲乇賴丕 賮賱賷鬲賵賯毓 兀賳 鬲賯囟賷 賴賷 毓賱賷賴貙 賱兀賳賴丕 爻鬲噩丿 丿丕卅賲丕 丕賱丿丕賮毓 賱賱鬲賲乇丿 亘丕爻賲 丕賱丨乇賷丞 賵亘丕爻賲 兀丨賵丕賱賴丕 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞
賱丕 賷賵噩丿 兀氐毓亘 賲賳 亘丿亍 賳馗丕賲 噩丿賷丿 賱鬲爻賷賷乇 丕賱兀賲賵乇 賵鬲賳賮賷匕賴
廿賳 賲賳 賷馗賳 兀賳 丕賱賲賳賮毓丞 丕賱丨丿賷孬丞 鬲賲丨賵 兀孬乇 丕賱廿爻丕亍丞 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞 賮賷 賳賮賵爻 丕賱毓馗賲丕亍 賷禺胤卅 禺胤兀 噩爻賷賲丕
丕賱鬲睾乇賷乇 亘丕賱兀氐丿賯丕亍貙 賵賮賯丿丕賳 丕賱毓賯賷丿丞貙 賵丕賱乇丨賲丞貙 賵丕賱丿賷賳 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷氐賱 亘賳丕 廿賱賶 丕賱賯賵丞 賵賱賰賳 賱賷爻 廿賱賶 丕賱賲噩丿
丨爻賳 丕乇鬲賰丕亘 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱賯丕爻賷丞 賷賲賰賳 賲賳 噩賳賷 丕賱孬賲丕乇 賮賷賲丕 亘毓丿
賷噩亘 毓賱賶 丕賱賲賳鬲氐乇 兀賳 賷禺胤胤 賱噩賲賷毓 噩乇丕卅賲賴 賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿丞 丨鬲賶 賱丕 賷囟胤乇 賱賱毓賵丿丞 廿賱賷賴丕 賮賷 賵賯鬲 丌禺乇貙 賵兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 賱賴 賯丿乇丞 毓賱賶 丕鬲禺丕匕 鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲 噩丿賷丿丞 鬲丐賰丿 賱賱毓丕賲丞 丕賱丨乇氐 毓賱賶 賲氐賱丨鬲賴賲 賱賷賰爻亘賴賲 廿賱賶 氐賮賴
賲賳 賷氐亘丨 兀賲賷乇丕 亘賵丕爻胤丞 丕賱賳亘賱丕亍 賷毓丕賳賷 賲賳 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 賰亘乇賶 賮賷 爻亘賷賱 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 爻賱胤丕賳賴 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 丕賱匕賷 賷乇賮毓賴 丕賱卮毓亘
丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱匕賷 賷毓賷卮 賮賷 賲丿賷賳丞 賯賵賷丞 賵賷丨亘賴 卮毓亘賴 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賴丕噩賲貙 賵賱賵 賴賵噩賲 賮廿賳 賲賳 賷賴丕噩賲賴 爻賷囟胤乇 廿賱賶 丕賱丕賳爻丨丕亘
賱丕 鬲賵噩丿 賯賵丕賳賷賳 噩賷丿丞 丿賵賳 賵噩賵丿 兀爻賱丨丞 噩賷丿丞
毓賳丿賲丕 賷胤賱亘 兀丨丿賴賲 賲賳 噩丕乇賴 兀賳 賷兀鬲賷 賱賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳賴 亘賯賵丕鬲賴貙 賮賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 鬲爻賲賶 賯賵丕鬲 賲毓丕賵賳丞貙 賵賴賷 毓丿賷賲丞 丕賱賳賮毓 賲孬賱 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 丕賱賲乇鬲夭賯丞
賯丿 鬲賰賵賳 賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 (丕賱賲毓丕賵賳丞) 噩賷丿丞 賮賷 丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕貙 賱賰賳賴丕 丿丕卅賲丕 賲氐丿乇 禺胤乇 毓賱賶 賲賳 賷爻鬲毓賷乇賴丕..賱兀賳賴丕 廿匕丕 禺爻乇鬲 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 賮廿賳賰 鬲賰賵賳 賯丿 賴夭賲鬲 兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰爻亘鬲賴丕 賮廿賳賰 爻鬲亘賯賶 兀爻賷乇丕 賱鬲賱賰 丕賱賯賵丕鬲
丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱匕賷 賷禺賮賯 賮賷 兀賳 賷賱丕丨馗 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 廿賲丕乇鬲賴 賮賷 賲賴丿賴丕 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 賵氐賮賴 廿賱丕 亘兀賳賴 睾賷乇 丨賰賷賲
賱丕 爻賱丕賲丞 賱兀賲賷乇 賷丨鬲賲賷 亘賯賵丕鬲 睾賷乇 賯賵丕鬲賴 丕賱賲爻賱丨丞
賱賳 賳乇賶 乇噩賱丕 賲爻賱丨丕 賷胤賷毓 乇噩賱丕 兀毓夭賱丕貙 賵賱賳 賳乇賶 兀毓夭賱 爻丕賱賲丕 亘賷賳 兀鬲亘丕毓賴 丕賱賲爻賱丨賷賳
毓賱賶 丕賱兀賲賷乇 兀賱丕 賷丨賮馗 毓賴丿丕 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賵賮丕亍 亘賴 囟丿 賲氐賱丨鬲賴貙 賵兀賱丕 賷爻鬲賲乇 賮賷 丕賱賵賮丕亍 亘賵毓丿 丕賳鬲賴鬲 兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘賴
丕賱兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱氐丕賱丨丞 賯丿 鬲噩賱亘 丕賱賰乇丕賴賷丞貙 賰丕賱兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱卮乇賷乇丞
丕賱亘毓囟 賷馗賳 兀賳 毓賱賶 丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱毓丕賯賱 兀賳 賷孬賷乇 丕賱毓丿丕亍 亘賷賳 丕賱乇毓賷丞 亘丿賴丕亍 丨賷賳 鬲爻賳丨 丕賱賮乇氐丞貙 丨鬲賶 鬲夭賷丿 毓馗賲鬲賴 丨賷賳 賷爻賷胤乇 毓賱賷賴 賵賷賰亘丨賴賲
賱賷爻 賴賳丕賰 胤乇賷賯丞 兀賲丕賲 丕賱賲乇亍 賷賯賷 亘賴丕 賳賮爻賴 卮乇 丕賱鬲賲賱賯 爻賵賶 兀賳 賷丿毓 丕賱賳丕爻 賷丿乇賰賵賳 兀賳賴 賷丨亘 兀賳 賷爻賲毓 賲賳賴賲 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞
廿賳 胤乇賯 丕賱丿賮丕毓 丕賱氐丕賱丨丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 賵丕賱兀賰賷丿丞 賵丕賱丿丕卅賲丞 賴賷 鬲賱賰 丕賱胤乇賯 丕賱鬲賷 鬲毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賷賰 賵丨丿賰 賵毓賱賶 賯丿乇丕鬲賰 賵賱賷爻 毓賱賶 丕賱丌禺乇賷賳
丕賱丨馗 賷丨賰賲 賳氐賮 兀毓賲丕賱賳丕貙 賵賷鬲乇賰 賱賳丕 丕賱賳氐賮 丕賱丌禺乇 鬲賯乇賷亘丕
丕賱爻毓賷丿 賴賵 賲賳 鬲鬲賮賯 兀毓賲丕賱賴 賲毓 賲鬲胤賱亘丕鬲 丕賱毓氐乇
丕賱丨馗 賷爻鬲爻賱賲 賱賱卮噩丕毓 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 賷毓賲賱賵賳 亘乇賵賷丞
丕賱賳丕爻 賱丕 鬲丐賲賳 亘丕賱噩丿賷丿 廿賱丕 亘毓丿 兀賳 鬲噩乇亘賴 賮毓賱丕
丕賱賲夭丕賷丕 賷噩亘 廿毓胤丕丐賴丕 賱賱乇毓賷丞 噩乇毓丞 噩乇毓丞 丨鬲賶 賷爻鬲賲鬲毓賵丕 亘賴丕 賵賷卮毓乇賵丕 亘賮丕卅丿鬲賴丕
丕賱亘爻胤丕亍 賲賳 丕賱賳丕爻 毓賱賶 丕爻鬲毓丿丕丿 賱賯亘賵賱 兀賷 兀賲乇 賵丕賯毓貙 賵賲賳 賷禺丿毓賴賲 爻賷噩丿 賲賳 亘賷賳賴賲 賲賳 賷賯亘賱 兀賳 賷賳禺丿毓 亘爻賴賵賱丞
賲賳 賷氐亘丨 丨丕賰賲丕 賱賲丿賷賳丞 丨乇丞 賵賱丕 賷丿賲乇賴丕 賮賱賷鬲賵賯毓 兀賳 鬲賯囟賷 賴賷 毓賱賷賴貙 賱兀賳賴丕 爻鬲噩丿 丿丕卅賲丕 丕賱丿丕賮毓 賱賱鬲賲乇丿 亘丕爻賲 丕賱丨乇賷丞 賵亘丕爻賲 兀丨賵丕賱賴丕 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞
賱丕 賷賵噩丿 兀氐毓亘 賲賳 亘丿亍 賳馗丕賲 噩丿賷丿 賱鬲爻賷賷乇 丕賱兀賲賵乇 賵鬲賳賮賷匕賴
廿賳 賲賳 賷馗賳 兀賳 丕賱賲賳賮毓丞 丕賱丨丿賷孬丞 鬲賲丨賵 兀孬乇 丕賱廿爻丕亍丞 丕賱賯丿賷賲丞 賮賷 賳賮賵爻 丕賱毓馗賲丕亍 賷禺胤卅 禺胤兀 噩爻賷賲丕
丕賱鬲睾乇賷乇 亘丕賱兀氐丿賯丕亍貙 賵賮賯丿丕賳 丕賱毓賯賷丿丞貙 賵丕賱乇丨賲丞貙 賵丕賱丿賷賳 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷氐賱 亘賳丕 廿賱賶 丕賱賯賵丞 賵賱賰賳 賱賷爻 廿賱賶 丕賱賲噩丿
丨爻賳 丕乇鬲賰丕亘 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱賯丕爻賷丞 賷賲賰賳 賲賳 噩賳賷 丕賱孬賲丕乇 賮賷賲丕 亘毓丿
賷噩亘 毓賱賶 丕賱賲賳鬲氐乇 兀賳 賷禺胤胤 賱噩賲賷毓 噩乇丕卅賲賴 賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿丞 丨鬲賶 賱丕 賷囟胤乇 賱賱毓賵丿丞 廿賱賷賴丕 賮賷 賵賯鬲 丌禺乇貙 賵兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 賱賴 賯丿乇丞 毓賱賶 丕鬲禺丕匕 鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲 噩丿賷丿丞 鬲丐賰丿 賱賱毓丕賲丞 丕賱丨乇氐 毓賱賶 賲氐賱丨鬲賴賲 賱賷賰爻亘賴賲 廿賱賶 氐賮賴
賲賳 賷氐亘丨 兀賲賷乇丕 亘賵丕爻胤丞 丕賱賳亘賱丕亍 賷毓丕賳賷 賲賳 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 賰亘乇賶 賮賷 爻亘賷賱 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賶 爻賱胤丕賳賴 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 丕賱匕賷 賷乇賮毓賴 丕賱卮毓亘
丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱匕賷 賷毓賷卮 賮賷 賲丿賷賳丞 賯賵賷丞 賵賷丨亘賴 卮毓亘賴 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賴丕噩賲貙 賵賱賵 賴賵噩賲 賮廿賳 賲賳 賷賴丕噩賲賴 爻賷囟胤乇 廿賱賶 丕賱丕賳爻丨丕亘
賱丕 鬲賵噩丿 賯賵丕賳賷賳 噩賷丿丞 丿賵賳 賵噩賵丿 兀爻賱丨丞 噩賷丿丞
毓賳丿賲丕 賷胤賱亘 兀丨丿賴賲 賲賳 噩丕乇賴 兀賳 賷兀鬲賷 賱賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳賴 亘賯賵丕鬲賴貙 賮賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 鬲爻賲賶 賯賵丕鬲 賲毓丕賵賳丞貙 賵賴賷 毓丿賷賲丞 丕賱賳賮毓 賲孬賱 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 丕賱賲乇鬲夭賯丞
賯丿 鬲賰賵賳 賴匕賴 丕賱賯賵丕鬲 (丕賱賲毓丕賵賳丞) 噩賷丿丞 賮賷 丨丿 匕丕鬲賴丕貙 賱賰賳賴丕 丿丕卅賲丕 賲氐丿乇 禺胤乇 毓賱賶 賲賳 賷爻鬲毓賷乇賴丕..賱兀賳賴丕 廿匕丕 禺爻乇鬲 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 賮廿賳賰 鬲賰賵賳 賯丿 賴夭賲鬲 兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰爻亘鬲賴丕 賮廿賳賰 爻鬲亘賯賶 兀爻賷乇丕 賱鬲賱賰 丕賱賯賵丕鬲
丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱匕賷 賷禺賮賯 賮賷 兀賳 賷賱丕丨馗 賲卮賰賱丕鬲 廿賲丕乇鬲賴 賮賷 賲賴丿賴丕 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 賵氐賮賴 廿賱丕 亘兀賳賴 睾賷乇 丨賰賷賲
賱丕 爻賱丕賲丞 賱兀賲賷乇 賷丨鬲賲賷 亘賯賵丕鬲 睾賷乇 賯賵丕鬲賴 丕賱賲爻賱丨丞
賱賳 賳乇賶 乇噩賱丕 賲爻賱丨丕 賷胤賷毓 乇噩賱丕 兀毓夭賱丕貙 賵賱賳 賳乇賶 兀毓夭賱 爻丕賱賲丕 亘賷賳 兀鬲亘丕毓賴 丕賱賲爻賱丨賷賳
毓賱賶 丕賱兀賲賷乇 兀賱丕 賷丨賮馗 毓賴丿丕 賷賰賵賳 丕賱賵賮丕亍 亘賴 囟丿 賲氐賱丨鬲賴貙 賵兀賱丕 賷爻鬲賲乇 賮賷 丕賱賵賮丕亍 亘賵毓丿 丕賳鬲賴鬲 兀爻亘丕亘 丕賱丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘賴
丕賱兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱氐丕賱丨丞 賯丿 鬲噩賱亘 丕賱賰乇丕賴賷丞貙 賰丕賱兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱卮乇賷乇丞
丕賱亘毓囟 賷馗賳 兀賳 毓賱賶 丕賱兀賲賷乇 丕賱毓丕賯賱 兀賳 賷孬賷乇 丕賱毓丿丕亍 亘賷賳 丕賱乇毓賷丞 亘丿賴丕亍 丨賷賳 鬲爻賳丨 丕賱賮乇氐丞貙 丨鬲賶 鬲夭賷丿 毓馗賲鬲賴 丨賷賳 賷爻賷胤乇 毓賱賷賴 賵賷賰亘丨賴賲
賱賷爻 賴賳丕賰 胤乇賷賯丞 兀賲丕賲 丕賱賲乇亍 賷賯賷 亘賴丕 賳賮爻賴 卮乇 丕賱鬲賲賱賯 爻賵賶 兀賳 賷丿毓 丕賱賳丕爻 賷丿乇賰賵賳 兀賳賴 賷丨亘 兀賳 賷爻賲毓 賲賳賴賲 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞
廿賳 胤乇賯 丕賱丿賮丕毓 丕賱氐丕賱丨丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 賵丕賱兀賰賷丿丞 賵丕賱丿丕卅賲丞 賴賷 鬲賱賰 丕賱胤乇賯 丕賱鬲賷 鬲毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賷賰 賵丨丿賰 賵毓賱賶 賯丿乇丕鬲賰 賵賱賷爻 毓賱賶 丕賱丌禺乇賷賳
丕賱丨馗 賷丨賰賲 賳氐賮 兀毓賲丕賱賳丕貙 賵賷鬲乇賰 賱賳丕 丕賱賳氐賮 丕賱丌禺乇 鬲賯乇賷亘丕
丕賱爻毓賷丿 賴賵 賲賳 鬲鬲賮賯 兀毓賲丕賱賴 賲毓 賲鬲胤賱亘丕鬲 丕賱毓氐乇
丕賱丨馗 賷爻鬲爻賱賲 賱賱卮噩丕毓 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 賷毓賲賱賵賳 亘乇賵賷丞
Read
June 20, 2019I think this was the first time that I read this book from cover to cover rather than dipping in and out of it, I feel that it's reputation is bleaker than it's bite, it seems no more cynical than observing to oneself, when an American political figure says something, that there is an election coming up, and it is far less cynical, or brutally practical than in my opinion.
It stands out perhaps on two grounds, one it completely avoids conventional Christian morality or conventional Christian moral authorities (but then as far as I recall so does Commynes), and more interestingly he makes the point that for the Prince, private virtues make for public vices, or as one observes of boy scouts, there is no point in doing a good deed unless they are certain that they are going to be observed and that a favourable report will reach the ears of the troop leader.
My overall impression of this short, readable study of how Machiavelli considered politics was conducted during his lifetime in Italy (mostly from Rome northwards) is that it is the work of a political pundit . And as it often the case with political pundits he has his favourite themes (Cesara Borgia, colonies, and a state maintaining it's own militia) which rather obscure his own analysis, also one can read him inside out. Machiavelli's great topic is the weakness of 'Italy' and it's exposure to 'barbarian' foreigners namely the French, Spanish, and Swiss, and the need for an ambitious prince in search of glory and wealth to follow his advise in order to be successful. But his advice from an inside out perspective reveals the weakness of his analysis and perhaps explains the weakness of the Italian dynasts of this period (perhaps this is always the case with political pundits - through what they don't say or consider they reveal the blindspots and failings of their times).
Written in exile to advertise his skills to the Florentine Medici regime in the hope of returning to political office Machiavelli recommends that a prince keeps two key groups on side: the people, and the nobles, in order to keep the people on side he recommends that you don't rob them too much and to avoid dishonouring their women. Tellingly though the only time the people in his analysis rise up in support of their Prince is when he is already dead. There seems to me as well to be more than a whiff of republicanism in his emphasis on citizen militias, and presumably there were reasons why such armed forces were not maintained by Italian states, precisely I guess because they were a threat to the power of the Italian Princes and their very ambitions that Machiavelli addresses himself to. It struck me, perhaps not very surprising from a man who was tortured, that he believes more in terrorism and treachery than in trust and theatre. Even in his own account we see that the terrorism of the Borgias, although it blazed a bloody trail across central Italy, could sink no deep roots, unlike the careful theatricality of some of their contemporaries.
Overall I felt that this was not so much realpolitik as fantasiepolitik, but perhaps that is always the case, and one senses that Machiavelli's vision of power politics was captivated by the drama of violence.
I was curious to note that although addressed to the Medicis, he doesn't lard on the praise of that family until the last few pages of his book and he never addresses the roots of their power - as bankers, instead as I said, he only has eyes to see violence as a means to gain and maintain power, not that I would want to claim that the Medici were non-violent, but the dagger was not the only tool in their political workshop, and as a result they managed to endure deep into the eighteenth century when they became extinct through natural causes.
It stands out perhaps on two grounds, one it completely avoids conventional Christian morality or conventional Christian moral authorities (but then as far as I recall so does Commynes), and more interestingly he makes the point that for the Prince, private virtues make for public vices, or as one observes of boy scouts, there is no point in doing a good deed unless they are certain that they are going to be observed and that a favourable report will reach the ears of the troop leader.
My overall impression of this short, readable study of how Machiavelli considered politics was conducted during his lifetime in Italy (mostly from Rome northwards) is that it is the work of a political pundit . And as it often the case with political pundits he has his favourite themes (Cesara Borgia, colonies, and a state maintaining it's own militia) which rather obscure his own analysis, also one can read him inside out. Machiavelli's great topic is the weakness of 'Italy' and it's exposure to 'barbarian' foreigners namely the French, Spanish, and Swiss, and the need for an ambitious prince in search of glory and wealth to follow his advise in order to be successful. But his advice from an inside out perspective reveals the weakness of his analysis and perhaps explains the weakness of the Italian dynasts of this period (perhaps this is always the case with political pundits - through what they don't say or consider they reveal the blindspots and failings of their times).
Written in exile to advertise his skills to the Florentine Medici regime in the hope of returning to political office Machiavelli recommends that a prince keeps two key groups on side: the people, and the nobles, in order to keep the people on side he recommends that you don't rob them too much and to avoid dishonouring their women. Tellingly though the only time the people in his analysis rise up in support of their Prince is when he is already dead. There seems to me as well to be more than a whiff of republicanism in his emphasis on citizen militias, and presumably there were reasons why such armed forces were not maintained by Italian states, precisely I guess because they were a threat to the power of the Italian Princes and their very ambitions that Machiavelli addresses himself to. It struck me, perhaps not very surprising from a man who was tortured, that he believes more in terrorism and treachery than in trust and theatre. Even in his own account we see that the terrorism of the Borgias, although it blazed a bloody trail across central Italy, could sink no deep roots, unlike the careful theatricality of some of their contemporaries.
Overall I felt that this was not so much realpolitik as fantasiepolitik, but perhaps that is always the case, and one senses that Machiavelli's vision of power politics was captivated by the drama of violence.
I was curious to note that although addressed to the Medicis, he doesn't lard on the praise of that family until the last few pages of his book and he never addresses the roots of their power - as bankers, instead as I said, he only has eyes to see violence as a means to gain and maintain power, not that I would want to claim that the Medici were non-violent, but the dagger was not the only tool in their political workshop, and as a result they managed to endure deep into the eighteenth century when they became extinct through natural causes.
October 9, 2023
This book is the perfect representation of the best and the worst of House Slytherin in the Harry Potter-verse. That is how I presented it to my class because after having to read this book in every single political course in university it gets boring, we all had to spice it up to get through it again.
鈥淓veryone sees what you appear to be, few experience what you really are.鈥�
Slytherin and The Prince: Slytherin House, which is known for cunningness, astuteness, ambition, thirst for power, self-preservation, but also fraternity, and that was the one point that drew me away from his way of thinking. He speaks of being cunning and virtuous to keep a principality, but in doing so, one must betray even their own friends, because one cannot trust even those closest to you.
To avoid contempt and hatred one must avoid taking the property or women of his subjects, he must also possess virtues for which he shall not be criticized, he must not rob the honour of his people, a prince must not be effeminate or cowardly, he shall try his best to be an heir, he must be wary of insurrection within his subjects, and external threats, so he must have a good army and good allies, one coming paired with the other, all of these so as to secure his place in the world. These are the basics of being a good prince, or so says Machiavelli, but I only see him and this book as a walking contradiction. Machiavelli basically says that it is all a matter of luck in the end, for no matter which of these rules you follow, if you have no luck on your side you can end up assassinated just like all others before you, so his points can only be used if you are lucky; and to be lucky you have to follow his steps, which makes the steps and luck mutually exclusive, indicating that one cannot happen without the other.
Honestly, now that I am out of school and it has been so long since I last studied it, my brain decided to forget it.
Machiavelli's last name is now a symbol of evilness, because of his politics, written down in this book. 鈥淚f an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.鈥�
鈥淓veryone sees what you appear to be, few experience what you really are.鈥�
Slytherin and The Prince: Slytherin House, which is known for cunningness, astuteness, ambition, thirst for power, self-preservation, but also fraternity, and that was the one point that drew me away from his way of thinking. He speaks of being cunning and virtuous to keep a principality, but in doing so, one must betray even their own friends, because one cannot trust even those closest to you.
To avoid contempt and hatred one must avoid taking the property or women of his subjects, he must also possess virtues for which he shall not be criticized, he must not rob the honour of his people, a prince must not be effeminate or cowardly, he shall try his best to be an heir, he must be wary of insurrection within his subjects, and external threats, so he must have a good army and good allies, one coming paired with the other, all of these so as to secure his place in the world. These are the basics of being a good prince, or so says Machiavelli, but I only see him and this book as a walking contradiction. Machiavelli basically says that it is all a matter of luck in the end, for no matter which of these rules you follow, if you have no luck on your side you can end up assassinated just like all others before you, so his points can only be used if you are lucky; and to be lucky you have to follow his steps, which makes the steps and luck mutually exclusive, indicating that one cannot happen without the other.
Honestly, now that I am out of school and it has been so long since I last studied it, my brain decided to forget it.
Machiavelli's last name is now a symbol of evilness, because of his politics, written down in this book. 鈥淚f an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.鈥�
January 14, 2020
I decided it was time to find out for myself what Machiavelli was about. After all, he is one of a small group of writers who have lent their names to an adjective in the English language (Dickens, Orwell and Kafka are others I can think of).
鈥淭he Prince鈥� is a short tract, and whilst it had its moments, I found much of it quite dull. I hadn鈥檛 expected that. In the edition I read, the translator says in a foreword that 鈥渕y aim has been to achieve at all costs an exact literal rendering of the original, rather than a fluent paraphrase adapted to the modern notions of style and expression.鈥� He argues that the conditions under which Machiavelli wrote meant he had to weigh every word very carefully, and we should respect that in any translation. Fair enough, but it does result in some archaic language. For example, at one point the text refers to the 鈥渇oundations and correspondencies鈥� of States. In the notes the translator explains that the original was 鈥淟e radici e corrispondenze鈥� and that in modern English 鈥渃orrispondenze鈥� would probably be rendered as 鈥渞elations with other States鈥�. I suppose a translation in the style of this edition is truer to the period than one rendered into modern English.
I think the book has limited relevance to today鈥檚 politics, at least in western democracies where the actions of governments are restrained by law. In Machiavelli鈥檚 time state power was exercised in arbitrary fashion. Probably the most relevant sections today are where Machiavelli discusses the necessity of a ruler projecting an image:
鈥淓veryone sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are鈥�
Machiavelli had a very cynical view of human nature, and personally I quite enjoyed his biting comments on this subject; 鈥淏ecause this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely鈥�. Probably the best known part of the book is where he discusses whether a ruler should try to be loved or feared (he thinks that ideally, it should be both), but he thinks a ruler should take care not to be hated, adding that he won鈥檛 be unless he is rapacious of women and property (he clearly views women as 鈥渂elonging鈥� to their menfolk, an attitude that would have been typical of his time). To illustrate his case he suggests the execution of a family patriarch would lead to a ruler being feared but not hated, but the ruler would be hated if he robbed the family of their wealth, 鈥渕en more quickly forget the death of their father than the loss of their patrimony.鈥� Ouch!
I understand that, despite his theorising, in his own time Machiavelli was rather unsuccessful as a diplomat. It鈥檚 a pity he never got to know of his worldwide fame today.
鈥淭he Prince鈥� is a short tract, and whilst it had its moments, I found much of it quite dull. I hadn鈥檛 expected that. In the edition I read, the translator says in a foreword that 鈥渕y aim has been to achieve at all costs an exact literal rendering of the original, rather than a fluent paraphrase adapted to the modern notions of style and expression.鈥� He argues that the conditions under which Machiavelli wrote meant he had to weigh every word very carefully, and we should respect that in any translation. Fair enough, but it does result in some archaic language. For example, at one point the text refers to the 鈥渇oundations and correspondencies鈥� of States. In the notes the translator explains that the original was 鈥淟e radici e corrispondenze鈥� and that in modern English 鈥渃orrispondenze鈥� would probably be rendered as 鈥渞elations with other States鈥�. I suppose a translation in the style of this edition is truer to the period than one rendered into modern English.
I think the book has limited relevance to today鈥檚 politics, at least in western democracies where the actions of governments are restrained by law. In Machiavelli鈥檚 time state power was exercised in arbitrary fashion. Probably the most relevant sections today are where Machiavelli discusses the necessity of a ruler projecting an image:
鈥淓veryone sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are鈥�
Machiavelli had a very cynical view of human nature, and personally I quite enjoyed his biting comments on this subject; 鈥淏ecause this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely鈥�. Probably the best known part of the book is where he discusses whether a ruler should try to be loved or feared (he thinks that ideally, it should be both), but he thinks a ruler should take care not to be hated, adding that he won鈥檛 be unless he is rapacious of women and property (he clearly views women as 鈥渂elonging鈥� to their menfolk, an attitude that would have been typical of his time). To illustrate his case he suggests the execution of a family patriarch would lead to a ruler being feared but not hated, but the ruler would be hated if he robbed the family of their wealth, 鈥渕en more quickly forget the death of their father than the loss of their patrimony.鈥� Ouch!
I understand that, despite his theorising, in his own time Machiavelli was rather unsuccessful as a diplomat. It鈥檚 a pity he never got to know of his worldwide fame today.
January 31, 2018
'We can say that cruelty is used well... when it is employed once for all, and one's safety depends on it, and then it is not persisted in but as far as possible turned to the good of one's subjects.'
The Prince is unlike anything I've read before. In many ways it feels like a truly evil book. Stalin, for example, kept an annotated copy of it. It reads as the blueprint for tyrants, despots, and politicians around the world - a guide to how the world of the powerful and the powerless truly works. But, sadly, it does work. It is not evil insofar as it is clearly correct in its observations. Which raised several questions in the process of reading it about how I live my life.
The book falls into a category known as 'Mirrors for Princes', being books designed to educate the children of powerful men how to rule. The Prince in particular is written as a letter from Machiavelli to Lorenzo de Medici in 26 sections. Each section contains a few nuggets of information, supported by evidence from contemporary politics or from the ancient world. While some of the language and style (reviewing the translation by George Bull) is definitely archaic, in many ways it feels very modern. To begin with these sections focus on defining, conquering, and subjugating principalities, with practical advice for princes on how to make, and hold on to, territorial gains. Later however the text shifts, and focuses more on the nature of being a ruler and how to play the political game. The jist of the book can be summarised as 'effective truth is more important than any ideals, and power and survival justify any means, even if they are immoral'.
As such after getting over frankly rather tiresome advice on whether or not to live in a newly-conquered territory or to govern from abroad, or the benefits of mercenaries versus a civilian army, the book takes a decidedly evil turn. Machiavelli praises men who do terrible, violent, underhanded deeds in the name of retaining power, and worst of all as a reader you can't help but see the logic to it all. These are the unspoken rules of how men like Tywin Lannister and Walter White in fiction stay at the top of the pyramid, and how men like Stalin and Saddam Hussein ruled with an iron fist. To see the rules of the game laid bare in front of you is a disconcerting experience, and makes you ask yourself: why do I not do this? While not a totally satisfying answer, perhaps I (erroneously?) value abstract ideals more than survival.
I have read discussion that The Prince may have been written as a satire (from the preface: 'to comprehend fully the nature of the people, one must be a prince, and to comprehend fully the nature of princes one must be an ordinary citizen') but to me this book is a comprehensive primer on how to rule and be feared. It is dangerous, fascinating, and demands to be read.
The Prince is unlike anything I've read before. In many ways it feels like a truly evil book. Stalin, for example, kept an annotated copy of it. It reads as the blueprint for tyrants, despots, and politicians around the world - a guide to how the world of the powerful and the powerless truly works. But, sadly, it does work. It is not evil insofar as it is clearly correct in its observations. Which raised several questions in the process of reading it about how I live my life.
The book falls into a category known as 'Mirrors for Princes', being books designed to educate the children of powerful men how to rule. The Prince in particular is written as a letter from Machiavelli to Lorenzo de Medici in 26 sections. Each section contains a few nuggets of information, supported by evidence from contemporary politics or from the ancient world. While some of the language and style (reviewing the translation by George Bull) is definitely archaic, in many ways it feels very modern. To begin with these sections focus on defining, conquering, and subjugating principalities, with practical advice for princes on how to make, and hold on to, territorial gains. Later however the text shifts, and focuses more on the nature of being a ruler and how to play the political game. The jist of the book can be summarised as 'effective truth is more important than any ideals, and power and survival justify any means, even if they are immoral'.
As such after getting over frankly rather tiresome advice on whether or not to live in a newly-conquered territory or to govern from abroad, or the benefits of mercenaries versus a civilian army, the book takes a decidedly evil turn. Machiavelli praises men who do terrible, violent, underhanded deeds in the name of retaining power, and worst of all as a reader you can't help but see the logic to it all. These are the unspoken rules of how men like Tywin Lannister and Walter White in fiction stay at the top of the pyramid, and how men like Stalin and Saddam Hussein ruled with an iron fist. To see the rules of the game laid bare in front of you is a disconcerting experience, and makes you ask yourself: why do I not do this? While not a totally satisfying answer, perhaps I (erroneously?) value abstract ideals more than survival.
I have read discussion that The Prince may have been written as a satire (from the preface: 'to comprehend fully the nature of the people, one must be a prince, and to comprehend fully the nature of princes one must be an ordinary citizen') but to me this book is a comprehensive primer on how to rule and be feared. It is dangerous, fascinating, and demands to be read.
April 20, 2023
賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷
丕賱睾丕賷丞 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱丞
丨賯賸丕责
賷賯賵賱 爻賷 胤賴 毓亘丿 丕賱乇丨賲賳貙 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賴 "亘丐爻 丕賱丿賴乇丕賳賷丞" 毓賳 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱睾丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賳亘賷賱丞貙 賵丕賱賵爻丕卅賱 丕賱睾賷乇 匕賱賰貙 賵毓賳 賲爻兀賱丞 兀禺賱丕賯 丕賱丨賰賲
賴賱 賲賳 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賱賳丕貙 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 兀禺賱丕賯賷貙 兀賲 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 睾賷乇 匕賱賰責
亘丕賱胤亘毓 賱賳 賷鬲賵丕賳賶 兀丨丿 毓賳 兀賳 賷賮囟賱 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱兀禺賱丕賯賷貙 賱賰賵賳賴 兀賯乇亘 賱賱爻噩賷丞 賵丕賱賮胤乇丞
賱賰賳 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賴丕賴賳丕貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賱賲 賷胤乇丨賴 胤賴貙 賵賱賲 賷噩亘賳賷 毓賱賷賴 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷
賴賱 鬲賯賮 丕賱兀禺賱丕賯 毓丕卅賯丕 兀賲丕賲 丕賱丨丕賰賲責
兀毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 丕賱賳馗乇 賱賱鬲丕乇賷禺貙 賵丕賱賯乇賷亘 賲賳賴 丨鬲賶貙 爻賵賮 賷噩賷亘賳丕 毓賳 賴匕丕 丕賱爻丐丕賱.
"禺匕賵丕 丕賱丨賰賲丞 賲賳 兀賮賵丕賴 丕賱賲胤丨賵賳賷賳"貙 -賵賱賳噩毓賱賴丕 賲胤丨賵賳賷賳貙 賱丕 賰賲丕 禺胤乇鬲 毓賱賶 亘丕賱賷 賯亘賱 匕賱賰.
丕賱卮賯 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩賷丿貙 噩賷丿 賱賱睾丕賷丞貙 賵賱賰賳賴 賲賲賱
丕爻鬲賯乇丕亍 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 亘賴匕丕 丕賱卮賰賱貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賷丐賰丿貙 丿賵賲丕貙 賵亘胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丨丕賱貙 毓賳 賰賵賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞貙 毓賱賲丕 賵囟賷毓丕貙 賷噩毓賱賳丕 賳丿乇賰 賲丿賶 丕賱賲兀爻丕丞
丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱丕 賷馗賱賲 兀丨丿丕貙 賴賰匕丕 賷賯賵賱賵賳
賱賰賳賴貙 賮賷賲丕 賷亘丿賵貙 賱丕 賷賳氐乇 爻賵賶 丕賱匕卅丕亘 賵丕賱賲丕賰乇賷賳貙 賵賱賴匕丕貙 賰丕賳鬲 丿賵賲丕 賲丕 鬲賯賮 丕賱氐毓丕亘 賮賷 賵噩賴 兀賷 丨丕賰賲 賲氐賱丨貙 兀賵 丨鬲賶 孬賵乇賷貙 賲丕 丿丕賲 丕乇鬲囟賶 兀賳 賷乇噩毓 賯乇丕乇丕鬲賴 賵丨賰賲賴 賱賲乇噩毓賷丞 兀禺賱丕賯賷丞.
賴賱 賴賳丕賱賰 賲賳 兀賲賱責
賱丕. 賮丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 鬲丨鬲丕噩 鬲賲乇爻貙 賵爻乇毓丞貙 賵廿丿乇丕賰貙 賵睾丿乇貙 賵賳亘匕 賱兀賷 賯賷賲丞 禺賱賯賷丞貙 胤亘毓丕 丨爻亘 乇丐賷丞 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷. 賮兀賷 丨丕賰賲 賷乇賷丿 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丨賰賲賴 兀禺賱丕賯賷丕貙 賮睾丕賱亘丕 賲丕 賷賳賯賱亘 毓賱賷賴 噩賲賵毓 丕賱卮毓亘
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 卮賯賴 丕賱賳馗乇賷貙 賲賯亘賵賱貙 賮賷 卮賯賴 丕賱毓賲賱賷貙 爻賷卅貙 賵賲賯乇賮貙 賵賲孬賷乇 賱賱卮賰貙 賵丕賱丨賳賯 毓賱賶 丕賱爻賵丕亍
兀毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 丕賱兀賲賱 丕賱賵丨賷丿 賴賵 賮賷 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺貙 賵兀禺匕 丕賱毓亘乇丞 賲賳賴貙 賱毓賱賴丕貙 賮賷賴丕 亘毓丿貙 鬲賯賵丿賳丕 賱賱胤乇賷賯貙 賵賱丕 鬲賰賵賳 毓亘乇丕鬲.
賱賰賳 丌賮丞 丨丕乇鬲賳丕 丕賱賳爻賷丕賳.
丕賱睾丕賷丞 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱丞
丨賯賸丕责
賷賯賵賱 爻賷 胤賴 毓亘丿 丕賱乇丨賲賳貙 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賴 "亘丐爻 丕賱丿賴乇丕賳賷丞" 毓賳 賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱睾丕賷丕鬲 丕賱賳亘賷賱丞貙 賵丕賱賵爻丕卅賱 丕賱睾賷乇 匕賱賰貙 賵毓賳 賲爻兀賱丞 兀禺賱丕賯 丕賱丨賰賲
賴賱 賲賳 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賱賳丕貙 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 兀禺賱丕賯賷貙 兀賲 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 睾賷乇 匕賱賰責
亘丕賱胤亘毓 賱賳 賷鬲賵丕賳賶 兀丨丿 毓賳 兀賳 賷賮囟賱 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱兀禺賱丕賯賷貙 賱賰賵賳賴 兀賯乇亘 賱賱爻噩賷丞 賵丕賱賮胤乇丞
賱賰賳 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賴丕賴賳丕貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賱賲 賷胤乇丨賴 胤賴貙 賵賱賲 賷噩亘賳賷 毓賱賷賴 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷
賴賱 鬲賯賮 丕賱兀禺賱丕賯 毓丕卅賯丕 兀賲丕賲 丕賱丨丕賰賲責
兀毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 丕賱賳馗乇 賱賱鬲丕乇賷禺貙 賵丕賱賯乇賷亘 賲賳賴 丨鬲賶貙 爻賵賮 賷噩賷亘賳丕 毓賳 賴匕丕 丕賱爻丐丕賱.
"禺匕賵丕 丕賱丨賰賲丞 賲賳 兀賮賵丕賴 丕賱賲胤丨賵賳賷賳"貙 -賵賱賳噩毓賱賴丕 賲胤丨賵賳賷賳貙 賱丕 賰賲丕 禺胤乇鬲 毓賱賶 亘丕賱賷 賯亘賱 匕賱賰.
丕賱卮賯 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩賷丿貙 噩賷丿 賱賱睾丕賷丞貙 賵賱賰賳賴 賲賲賱
丕爻鬲賯乇丕亍 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 亘賴匕丕 丕賱卮賰賱貙 賵丕賱匕賷 賷丐賰丿貙 丿賵賲丕貙 賵亘胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丨丕賱貙 毓賳 賰賵賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞貙 毓賱賲丕 賵囟賷毓丕貙 賷噩毓賱賳丕 賳丿乇賰 賲丿賶 丕賱賲兀爻丕丞
丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱丕 賷馗賱賲 兀丨丿丕貙 賴賰匕丕 賷賯賵賱賵賳
賱賰賳賴貙 賮賷賲丕 賷亘丿賵貙 賱丕 賷賳氐乇 爻賵賶 丕賱匕卅丕亘 賵丕賱賲丕賰乇賷賳貙 賵賱賴匕丕貙 賰丕賳鬲 丿賵賲丕 賲丕 鬲賯賮 丕賱氐毓丕亘 賮賷 賵噩賴 兀賷 丨丕賰賲 賲氐賱丨貙 兀賵 丨鬲賶 孬賵乇賷貙 賲丕 丿丕賲 丕乇鬲囟賶 兀賳 賷乇噩毓 賯乇丕乇丕鬲賴 賵丨賰賲賴 賱賲乇噩毓賷丞 兀禺賱丕賯賷丞.
賴賱 賴賳丕賱賰 賲賳 兀賲賱責
賱丕. 賮丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 鬲丨鬲丕噩 鬲賲乇爻貙 賵爻乇毓丞貙 賵廿丿乇丕賰貙 賵睾丿乇貙 賵賳亘匕 賱兀賷 賯賷賲丞 禺賱賯賷丞貙 胤亘毓丕 丨爻亘 乇丐賷丞 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷. 賮兀賷 丨丕賰賲 賷乇賷丿 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丨賰賲賴 兀禺賱丕賯賷丕貙 賮睾丕賱亘丕 賲丕 賷賳賯賱亘 毓賱賷賴 噩賲賵毓 丕賱卮毓亘
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 卮賯賴 丕賱賳馗乇賷貙 賲賯亘賵賱貙 賮賷 卮賯賴 丕賱毓賲賱賷貙 爻賷卅貙 賵賲賯乇賮貙 賵賲孬賷乇 賱賱卮賰貙 賵丕賱丨賳賯 毓賱賶 丕賱爻賵丕亍
兀毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 丕賱兀賲賱 丕賱賵丨賷丿 賴賵 賮賷 賯乇丕亍丞 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺貙 賵兀禺匕 丕賱毓亘乇丞 賲賳賴貙 賱毓賱賴丕貙 賮賷賴丕 亘毓丿貙 鬲賯賵丿賳丕 賱賱胤乇賷賯貙 賵賱丕 鬲賰賵賳 毓亘乇丕鬲.
賱賰賳 丌賮丞 丨丕乇鬲賳丕 丕賱賳爻賷丕賳.
August 30, 2013
賰賷賮 鬲賰賵賳 賱丕 兀禺賱丕賯賷丕 賮賷 100 氐賮丨丞.
May 20, 2011
賯丿 賲賱兀鬲 卮賴乇丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱爻賲毓 賵丕賱亘氐乇 ...
丨鬲賶 亘丕鬲鬲 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 賵丕噩亘賴 ...
賳噩丨鬲 亘賮囟賱 丕賱賱賴 爻亘丨丕賳賴 丕賵賱丕 ...孬賲 氐丿賷賯 毓夭賷夭 賮賷 丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓 賳爻禺丞 噩丿賷丿丞 毓賳 丿丕乇 丕賱賰乇賳賰 賲丨賯賯賴 亘賵丕爻胤丞 廿賷賴丕亘 賰賲丕賱 賲丨賲丿 ...
賮賷 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 賱賯丿 丕爻鬲賮丿鬲 賲賳 賰賱丕賲 丕賱賲丨賯賯 兀賰孬乇 亘賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 匕丕鬲賴 ...
賮賲賯丿賲賴 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 睾賳賷丞 噩丿丕 ...賵賱丕 賷賲賰賳 丕賱丕爻鬲賷毓丕囟 毓賳賴丕 亘賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 ...孬賲 丕賳 廿囟丕賮丕鬲賴 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩毓賱鬲 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丨孬 毓賱賲賷 賲鬲賰丕賲賱 毓賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻賴 賯亘賱 賵亘毓丿 (賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 ) 賵 丕賱毓賱丕賯丞 亘賷賳 丕亘賳 鬲賷賲賷賴 (丕賱賲賮鬲乇賶 毓賱賷賴 賲賳 兀鬲亘丕毓賴) 賵賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 .
爻兀囟毓 丕賱賲賳賯賵賱 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賷賳 毓賱丕賲鬲賷 鬲賳氐賷氐 "" "" 賵賲丕 賱賲 賷賵囟毓 亘賷賳 毓賱丕賲鬲賷 丕賱鬲賳氐賷氐 賮賴賵 賱賷 (賲爻丐賵賱賴 毓賳賴 亘丕賱賰丕賲賱) ....
賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賱賲賵賱賵丿 賮賷 賮賱賵乇賳爻丕 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱禺丕賲爻 毓卮乇 賱賲賷賱丕丿 丕賱賲爻賷丨 ...賵丕賱匕賷 兀爻爻 賲丿乇爻丞 爻賲賷鬲 亘賲丿乇爻丞 (賮賳 丕賱禺丿丕毓 賵丕賱睾卮)賵 兀乇爻賶 賯賵丕毓丿 (丕賱賳馗乇賷賴 丕賱賳賮毓賷賴)...
賵丕賱賯丕卅賱 兀賳 ""丕賱睾丕賷賴 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱賴 "" 賴賵 氐丕丨亘 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 ...丕賱匕賷 卮丕亍鬲 丕賱丕賯丿丕乇 丕賳 賷賵賱丿 賮賷 賲乇丨賱賴 賲賮氐賱賷賴 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賮賱賵乇賳爻丕 賮賷卮賴丿 爻賯賵胤 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴 賵 丕賯丕賲丞 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇賷賴 賵毓賵丿丞 丕賱賲賱賰賷丞 賲乇賴 兀禺乇賶 ..丕賱賶 噩丕賳亘 鬲賯賱亘 卮兀賳賴 賮賷 賰賱 賲乇丨賱賴 賲賳賴丕 賲賲丕 丿賮毓賴 賱賱賳馗乇 賮賷 丕丨賵丕賱 丕賱丕賲乇丕亍 賵丕賱丨賰丕賲 賵兀禺乇噩 賱賳丕 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱匕賷 賷毓丿 丿賱賷賱 丕賱丨丕賰賲 丕賱匕賰賷 賱賱丕亘賯丕亍 毓賱賶 毓乇卮賴 ...廿賳 兀乇丕丿
賰丕賳 賲賳 兀賵丕卅賱 丕賱賲亘卮乇賷賳 亘鬲賮賰賷乇 爻賷丕爻賷 禺丕賱氐 賷鬲噩丕賵夭 丕賱賮賰乇 丕賱丿賷賳賷 賵 丕賱爻賱胤丞 丕賱亘丕亘丕賵賷賴 丕賱爻丕卅丿賴 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱毓氐乇 ..
賵賰丕賳 賴賵 丕賱亘賵丕亘賴 丕賱鬲賷 賵賱噩 賲賳賴丕 噩丕賰 乇賵爻賵 ...賮賵賱鬲賷乇 ...噩賵賳 賱賵賰..賵 賲賳鬲爻賷賰賵 賱賷乇爻賵 賯賵丕毓丿 丕賱賱賷亘乇丕賱賷賴 賵賱賷購毓鬲亘乇 賴賵 丕亘賵 丕賱鬲賳賵乇賷賷賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賷賳 ...
賰鬲丕亘 丕賱兀賲賷乇 賷毓丿 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱丕賵賱 賮賷 賲噩丕賱賴(丨爻亘 賰賱丕賲 丕賱賲丨賯賯) 丕賱匕賷 賷噩賲毓 亘賷賳 丕賱爻賵爻賷賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 賵 丕賱爻賷賰賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ...賰毓賱賵賲 丕爻鬲丨丿孬鬲 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賵兀氐亘丨鬲 兀爻爻 丿乇丕爻丞 丕賱毓賱賵賲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ...
賵丕賵賱 賰鬲丕亘 賷囟毓 鬲毓乇賷賮 毓賱賲賷 丨賯賷賯賷 賱賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ""丕賱賲毓乇賮賴 丕賱賵氐賮賷賴 丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱賷賴 賵丕賱鬲亘氐賷乇賷賴 賱賱丿賵賱丞 賵賱賱馗賵丕賴乇 丕賱賲鬲毓賱賯賴 亘賴丕""
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亘購賴賽乇賻 賲賵爻賵賱賷賳賷 亘賴匕丕 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賵賯丿賲 毓賳賴 兀胤乇賵丨鬲賴 賱賱丿賰鬲賵乇丕賴 賵乇賰夭 賮賷賴丕 毓賱賶 ...
1-賮賴賲 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱亘卮乇
2-賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴
3-毓賱丕賯丞 丕賱賮賰乇 亘丕賱賯賵丞 賵丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丕賳爻丕賳賷賴
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乇購亘賲丕 丕賱丿丕乇爻 丕賵 丕賱賯丕乇卅 賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賷賱丕丨馗 賯丿乇鬲賴 丕賱丕爻鬲卮乇丕賮賷賴 丕賱毓馗賷賲丞 賵賮賴賲賴 丕賱乇賴賷亘 賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱賳賮爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷賴 賵賱賰賳 賷丐禺匕 毓賱賷賴 廿賳賴 賱丕 賷兀禺匕 賮賷 丕賱丨爻亘丕賳 丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 丕賱賳亘賷賱賴 丕賱賲鬲賵胤賳賴 賮賷 賯賱賵亘 丕賱亘卮乇 賵賱丕 賷鬲賵賯毓 丕賱禺賷乇 兀亘丿丕賸 ...賲賳 亘卮乇賷 !
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賷賯毓 賰鬲丕亘 丕賱丕賲賷乇 賮賷 孬賲丕賳 賮氐賵賱 ...
丕賵賱賴賲 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丨賰賵賲丕鬲 賵丕賳賵丕毓賴丕 : 賵賰賲丕 賷亘丿賵 賲賳 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 賮賯丿 賱禺氐 丕賳賵丕毓 丕賱丨賰賵賲丕鬲 賮賷 噩賲賴賵乇賷賴 賵賲賱賰賷賴 賵賯爻賲 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴 賱 賵乇丕孬賷賴 賵 丨丿賷孬丞 丕賱賳卮兀丞 ...孬賲 毓丕丿 賵賯爻賲 丨丿賷孬丞 丕賱賳卮兀丞 賱噩丿賷丿丞 亘丕賱賰丕賲賱 賵 丕禺乇賶 兀囟賷賮鬲 丕賱賶 兀賲丕乇丞 ...
賵爻賷爻賷乇 亘丕賯賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨爻亘 鬲賱賰 丕賱鬲賯爻賷賲賴 賮賷 孬賱丕孬 禺胤賵胤 賲鬲賵丕夭賷賴 (賰賷賮 鬲睾丿賵 兀賲賷乇丕賸,賰賷賮 鬲丨丕賮馗 毓賱賶 兀賲丕乇鬲賰 賲賳 丕賱丕毓丿丕亍 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷賷賳,賰賷賮 鬲丨丕賮馗 毓賱賶 毓乇卮賰)
賮賷乇賶 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳賰 廿匕丕 賰賳鬲 兀賲賷乇丕賸 賲賳 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱匕賷賳 賵孬亘賵丕 毓 丕賱毓乇賵卮 丨丿賷孬丕 亘賮毓賱 孬賵乇丞 卮毓亘賷賴 賮毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲丿乇賰 丕賳 亘賱丿 賰賴匕賴 賲賳 丕賱氐毓賵亘丞 亘賲賰丕賳 兀丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕 ...賰賲丕 丕賳 禺賱毓賰 毓賳 毓乇卮賰 賷爻賷乇 賱兀賳 丕賱卮毓亘 匕賵 乇兀賷 賵亘兀爻 ...賵賱賰賳 廿匕丕 乇丕賯賰 丕賱丕丨鬲賮丕馗 亘丕賱毓乇卮 賮毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲賰爻亘 丨亘 丕賱賳丕爻 ...丕賵 丕賳 鬲噩毓賱賴賲 賷賴丕亘賵賰 ...
""丕賱賳丕爻 賮賷 毓賲賵賲賴賲 賷丨亘賵賳 鬲亘毓丕 賱兀賴賵丕卅賴賲 賵 廿乇丕丿鬲賴賲 賵 賷禺丕賮賵賳 賵賮賯丕 賱兀賴賵丕亍 丕賱丕禺乇賷賷賳 ...賵丕賱丕賲賷乇 丕賱毓丕賯賱 丕賱賱亘賷亘 賴賵 丕賱匕賷 賷毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷賯毓 鬲丨鬲 爻賱胤丕賳賴 賱丕 鬲丨鬲 爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱丌禺乇賷賷賳 賵爻胤賵鬲賴賲 賵賰賱 賲丕 賷賲賱賰賴 丕賳 賷鬲丨丕卮賶 賵 賷鬲噩賳亘 賰乇丕賴賷丞 乇毓丕賷丕賴 賱賴 賵亘睾囟賴賲 賱卮禺氐賴""
兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰賳鬲 兀賲賷乇 毓賱賶 丿賵賱丞 賲購丨鬲賱賴 (賯賲鬲 丕賳鬲 賵賲賳 賲毓賰 亘兀丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕) 賮賴賳丕賰 毓丿丞 爻賷賳乇賷賵賴丕鬲 ..兀賲丕 丕賳 鬲賰賵賳 賯丿 賯賲鬲 亘丕丨鬲賱丕賱 丕賱亘賱丿賴 亘毓丿 丕賳 賰乇賴 丕賱卮毓亘 丨丕賰賲賴 賵賴賳丕 賷賲賰賳賰 兀乇爻丕亍 賯賵丕毓丿 賲賱賰賰 賵賷賲賰賳賰 丕賳 鬲賵賱賷 丕賱丕賯賱賷丕鬲 賲賳 丕賴賱 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱丞 夭賲丕賲 丕賱丕賲賵乇.
丕賵 鬲賰賵賳 賯賲鬲 亘丕丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕 亘賲爻丕毓丿丞 兀賰丕亘乇賴丕 ...丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓賱賶 丿賵賱丞 賰賴匕賴 爻賴賱 賱賰賳 丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 毓賱賷賴丕 氐毓亘 賱賱睾丕賷賴 賱兀賳 丕賱賯賵丞 賲賲夭賯賴 亘賷賳 噩賴丕鬲 毓丿丞 毓賱賷賰 丕乇囟丕亍賴丕 噩賲賷毓丕 ...賴賳丕 毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲賯賷賷賲 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賱賷爻鬲鬲亘 賱賰 丕賱丕賲乇 ...
賵賷乇賶 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳 兀賰亘乇 囟賲丕賳 賱賱丨賷賱賵賱丞 丿賵賳 丕丨鬲賱丕賱 亘賱丿 賲丕 賴賵 丕毓胤丕亍 丕賴賱賴丕 賴丕賲卮 賲賳 丕賱丨乇賷賴 ...賮兀賳 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱丨乇賴 鬲賴亘 賱賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳 丨乇賷鬲賴丕 賵鬲夭丿丕丿 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 囟乇丕賵丞 賰賱賲丕 夭丕丿 賴丕賲卮 丕賱丨乇賷賴 ...亘賷賳賲丕 鬲丨鬲丕噩 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱禺丕賳毓賴 賱賵賯鬲 胤賵賷賱 丨鬲賶 鬲賰丕賮丨 賵噩賵丿 丕賱賲丨鬲賱 .
賵賴賳丕 賷毓胤賷 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賳氐賷丨賴 毓馗賷賲賴 賱兀賷 賲購丨鬲賱 ...""毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲乇鬲賰亘 賮馗丕卅毓 賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿賴 孬賲 賷鬲賵賯賮 賱賷亘毓孬 丕賱胤賲兀賳賷賳賴 賮賷 賳賮賵爻 丕賱卮毓亘 "" 亘賲毓賳賶 丕賳 丕賱亘胤卮 卮丿賷丿 賵噩賲丕毓賷 賵賱賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿賴 丨鬲賶 賱丕 賷賮賯丿 賴賷亘鬲賴 賵乇賴亘鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賳賮賵爻 亘賷賳賲丕 丕賱賳賮毓 賵丕賱乇禺丕亍 亘丕賱賯胤丕乇賴...丨鬲賶 賷夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賲鬲賳丕賳 丕賱乇毓賷賴 賱賴 .
賮賷 乇兀賷 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳 亘毓囟 丕賱丨賰丕賲 賵乇孬 丕賱爻賱胤丞 賱賰賳 丕賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 丨氐賱賵丕 毓賱賷賴丕 丿賵賳 丕賳 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 毓乇賵賯賴賲 丿賲 賲賱賰賷 賷鬲賲鬲毓賵賳 賯胤毓丕 亘賲賵丕賴亘 毓馗賷賲賴 賵 馗乇賵賮 兀匕賰鬲 賯丿乇丕鬲賴賲 丕賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲賰乇 賵丕賱禺爻賴 兀丨賷丕賳丕 ...!
賷賱丕丨馗 賮賷 賮賰乇 賲賷賰丕賮賷賱賷 鬲亘賳賷賴 賱賱爻賷丕丿丞 賵 丕賱爻賱胤丞 丕賱賲胤賱賯丞 ...
賯丿 賱丕賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賴賵 丕賱丕賮囟賱 ...賱賰賳 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 賵丕噩亘賴 賰鬲乇丕孬 賮賰乇賷
丨鬲賶 亘丕鬲鬲 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 賵丕噩亘賴 ...
賳噩丨鬲 亘賮囟賱 丕賱賱賴 爻亘丨丕賳賴 丕賵賱丕 ...孬賲 氐丿賷賯 毓夭賷夭 賮賷 丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓 賳爻禺丞 噩丿賷丿丞 毓賳 丿丕乇 丕賱賰乇賳賰 賲丨賯賯賴 亘賵丕爻胤丞 廿賷賴丕亘 賰賲丕賱 賲丨賲丿 ...
賮賷 丕賱亘丿丕賷丞 賱賯丿 丕爻鬲賮丿鬲 賲賳 賰賱丕賲 丕賱賲丨賯賯 兀賰孬乇 亘賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 匕丕鬲賴 ...
賮賲賯丿賲賴 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 睾賳賷丞 噩丿丕 ...賵賱丕 賷賲賰賳 丕賱丕爻鬲賷毓丕囟 毓賳賴丕 亘賲丨鬲賵賶 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 ...孬賲 丕賳 廿囟丕賮丕鬲賴 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 噩毓賱鬲 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丨孬 毓賱賲賷 賲鬲賰丕賲賱 毓賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻賴 賯亘賱 賵亘毓丿 (賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 ) 賵 丕賱毓賱丕賯丞 亘賷賳 丕亘賳 鬲賷賲賷賴 (丕賱賲賮鬲乇賶 毓賱賷賴 賲賳 兀鬲亘丕毓賴) 賵賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 .
爻兀囟毓 丕賱賲賳賯賵賱 賲賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賷賳 毓賱丕賲鬲賷 鬲賳氐賷氐 "" "" 賵賲丕 賱賲 賷賵囟毓 亘賷賳 毓賱丕賲鬲賷 丕賱鬲賳氐賷氐 賮賴賵 賱賷 (賲爻丐賵賱賴 毓賳賴 亘丕賱賰丕賲賱) ....
賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賱賲賵賱賵丿 賮賷 賮賱賵乇賳爻丕 賮賷 丕賱賯乇賳 丕賱禺丕賲爻 毓卮乇 賱賲賷賱丕丿 丕賱賲爻賷丨 ...賵丕賱匕賷 兀爻爻 賲丿乇爻丞 爻賲賷鬲 亘賲丿乇爻丞 (賮賳 丕賱禺丿丕毓 賵丕賱睾卮)賵 兀乇爻賶 賯賵丕毓丿 (丕賱賳馗乇賷賴 丕賱賳賮毓賷賴)...
賵丕賱賯丕卅賱 兀賳 ""丕賱睾丕賷賴 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱賴 "" 賴賵 氐丕丨亘 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 ...丕賱匕賷 卮丕亍鬲 丕賱丕賯丿丕乇 丕賳 賷賵賱丿 賮賷 賲乇丨賱賴 賲賮氐賱賷賴 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 賮賱賵乇賳爻丕 賮賷卮賴丿 爻賯賵胤 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴 賵 丕賯丕賲丞 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇賷賴 賵毓賵丿丞 丕賱賲賱賰賷丞 賲乇賴 兀禺乇賶 ..丕賱賶 噩丕賳亘 鬲賯賱亘 卮兀賳賴 賮賷 賰賱 賲乇丨賱賴 賲賳賴丕 賲賲丕 丿賮毓賴 賱賱賳馗乇 賮賷 丕丨賵丕賱 丕賱丕賲乇丕亍 賵丕賱丨賰丕賲 賵兀禺乇噩 賱賳丕 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱匕賷 賷毓丿 丿賱賷賱 丕賱丨丕賰賲 丕賱匕賰賷 賱賱丕亘賯丕亍 毓賱賶 毓乇卮賴 ...廿賳 兀乇丕丿
賰丕賳 賲賳 兀賵丕卅賱 丕賱賲亘卮乇賷賳 亘鬲賮賰賷乇 爻賷丕爻賷 禺丕賱氐 賷鬲噩丕賵夭 丕賱賮賰乇 丕賱丿賷賳賷 賵 丕賱爻賱胤丞 丕賱亘丕亘丕賵賷賴 丕賱爻丕卅丿賴 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱毓氐乇 ..
賵賰丕賳 賴賵 丕賱亘賵丕亘賴 丕賱鬲賷 賵賱噩 賲賳賴丕 噩丕賰 乇賵爻賵 ...賮賵賱鬲賷乇 ...噩賵賳 賱賵賰..賵 賲賳鬲爻賷賰賵 賱賷乇爻賵 賯賵丕毓丿 丕賱賱賷亘乇丕賱賷賴 賵賱賷購毓鬲亘乇 賴賵 丕亘賵 丕賱鬲賳賵乇賷賷賳 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賷賳 ...
賰鬲丕亘 丕賱兀賲賷乇 賷毓丿 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱丕賵賱 賮賷 賲噩丕賱賴(丨爻亘 賰賱丕賲 丕賱賲丨賯賯) 丕賱匕賷 賷噩賲毓 亘賷賳 丕賱爻賵爻賷賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 賵 丕賱爻賷賰賵賱賵噩賷丕 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ...賰毓賱賵賲 丕爻鬲丨丿孬鬲 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賵兀氐亘丨鬲 兀爻爻 丿乇丕爻丞 丕賱毓賱賵賲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ...
賵丕賵賱 賰鬲丕亘 賷囟毓 鬲毓乇賷賮 毓賱賲賷 丨賯賷賯賷 賱賱爻賷丕爻賷賴 ""丕賱賲毓乇賮賴 丕賱賵氐賮賷賴 丕賱鬲丨賱賷賱賷賴 賵丕賱鬲亘氐賷乇賷賴 賱賱丿賵賱丞 賵賱賱馗賵丕賴乇 丕賱賲鬲毓賱賯賴 亘賴丕""
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亘購賴賽乇賻 賲賵爻賵賱賷賳賷 亘賴匕丕 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 賵賯丿賲 毓賳賴 兀胤乇賵丨鬲賴 賱賱丿賰鬲賵乇丕賴 賵乇賰夭 賮賷賴丕 毓賱賶 ...
1-賮賴賲 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱亘卮乇
2-賲賵賯賮賴 賲賳 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴
3-毓賱丕賯丞 丕賱賮賰乇 亘丕賱賯賵丞 賵丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱丕賳爻丕賳賷賴
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乇購亘賲丕 丕賱丿丕乇爻 丕賵 丕賱賯丕乇卅 賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賷賱丕丨馗 賯丿乇鬲賴 丕賱丕爻鬲卮乇丕賮賷賴 丕賱毓馗賷賲丞 賵賮賴賲賴 丕賱乇賴賷亘 賱胤亘賷毓丞 丕賱賳賮爻 丕賱亘卮乇賷賴 賵賱賰賳 賷丐禺匕 毓賱賷賴 廿賳賴 賱丕 賷兀禺匕 賮賷 丕賱丨爻亘丕賳 丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 丕賱賳亘賷賱賴 丕賱賲鬲賵胤賳賴 賮賷 賯賱賵亘 丕賱亘卮乇 賵賱丕 賷鬲賵賯毓 丕賱禺賷乇 兀亘丿丕賸 ...賲賳 亘卮乇賷 !
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賷賯毓 賰鬲丕亘 丕賱丕賲賷乇 賮賷 孬賲丕賳 賮氐賵賱 ...
丕賵賱賴賲 賷鬲丨丿孬 毓賳 丕賱丨賰賵賲丕鬲 賵丕賳賵丕毓賴丕 : 賵賰賲丕 賷亘丿賵 賲賳 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 賮賯丿 賱禺氐 丕賳賵丕毓 丕賱丨賰賵賲丕鬲 賮賷 噩賲賴賵乇賷賴 賵賲賱賰賷賴 賵賯爻賲 丕賱賲賱賰賷賴 賱 賵乇丕孬賷賴 賵 丨丿賷孬丞 丕賱賳卮兀丞 ...孬賲 毓丕丿 賵賯爻賲 丨丿賷孬丞 丕賱賳卮兀丞 賱噩丿賷丿丞 亘丕賱賰丕賲賱 賵 丕禺乇賶 兀囟賷賮鬲 丕賱賶 兀賲丕乇丞 ...
賵爻賷爻賷乇 亘丕賯賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨爻亘 鬲賱賰 丕賱鬲賯爻賷賲賴 賮賷 孬賱丕孬 禺胤賵胤 賲鬲賵丕夭賷賴 (賰賷賮 鬲睾丿賵 兀賲賷乇丕賸,賰賷賮 鬲丨丕賮馗 毓賱賶 兀賲丕乇鬲賰 賲賳 丕賱丕毓丿丕亍 丕賱禺丕乇噩賷賷賳,賰賷賮 鬲丨丕賮馗 毓賱賶 毓乇卮賰)
賮賷乇賶 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳賰 廿匕丕 賰賳鬲 兀賲賷乇丕賸 賲賳 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱匕賷賳 賵孬亘賵丕 毓 丕賱毓乇賵卮 丨丿賷孬丕 亘賮毓賱 孬賵乇丞 卮毓亘賷賴 賮毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲丿乇賰 丕賳 亘賱丿 賰賴匕賴 賲賳 丕賱氐毓賵亘丞 亘賲賰丕賳 兀丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕 ...賰賲丕 丕賳 禺賱毓賰 毓賳 毓乇卮賰 賷爻賷乇 賱兀賳 丕賱卮毓亘 匕賵 乇兀賷 賵亘兀爻 ...賵賱賰賳 廿匕丕 乇丕賯賰 丕賱丕丨鬲賮丕馗 亘丕賱毓乇卮 賮毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲賰爻亘 丨亘 丕賱賳丕爻 ...丕賵 丕賳 鬲噩毓賱賴賲 賷賴丕亘賵賰 ...
""丕賱賳丕爻 賮賷 毓賲賵賲賴賲 賷丨亘賵賳 鬲亘毓丕 賱兀賴賵丕卅賴賲 賵 廿乇丕丿鬲賴賲 賵 賷禺丕賮賵賳 賵賮賯丕 賱兀賴賵丕亍 丕賱丕禺乇賷賷賳 ...賵丕賱丕賲賷乇 丕賱毓丕賯賱 丕賱賱亘賷亘 賴賵 丕賱匕賷 賷毓鬲賲丿 毓賱賶 賲丕 賷賯毓 鬲丨鬲 爻賱胤丕賳賴 賱丕 鬲丨鬲 爻賱胤丕賳 丕賱丌禺乇賷賷賳 賵爻胤賵鬲賴賲 賵賰賱 賲丕 賷賲賱賰賴 丕賳 賷鬲丨丕卮賶 賵 賷鬲噩賳亘 賰乇丕賴賷丞 乇毓丕賷丕賴 賱賴 賵亘睾囟賴賲 賱卮禺氐賴""
兀賲丕 廿匕丕 賰賳鬲 兀賲賷乇 毓賱賶 丿賵賱丞 賲購丨鬲賱賴 (賯賲鬲 丕賳鬲 賵賲賳 賲毓賰 亘兀丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕) 賮賴賳丕賰 毓丿丞 爻賷賳乇賷賵賴丕鬲 ..兀賲丕 丕賳 鬲賰賵賳 賯丿 賯賲鬲 亘丕丨鬲賱丕賱 丕賱亘賱丿賴 亘毓丿 丕賳 賰乇賴 丕賱卮毓亘 丨丕賰賲賴 賵賴賳丕 賷賲賰賳賰 兀乇爻丕亍 賯賵丕毓丿 賲賱賰賰 賵賷賲賰賳賰 丕賳 鬲賵賱賷 丕賱丕賯賱賷丕鬲 賲賳 丕賴賱 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱丞 夭賲丕賲 丕賱丕賲賵乇.
丕賵 鬲賰賵賳 賯賲鬲 亘丕丨鬲賱丕賱賴丕 亘賲爻丕毓丿丞 兀賰丕亘乇賴丕 ...丕賱丨氐賵賱 毓賱賶 丿賵賱丞 賰賴匕賴 爻賴賱 賱賰賳 丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 毓賱賷賴丕 氐毓亘 賱賱睾丕賷賴 賱兀賳 丕賱賯賵丞 賲賲夭賯賴 亘賷賳 噩賴丕鬲 毓丿丞 毓賱賷賰 丕乇囟丕亍賴丕 噩賲賷毓丕 ...賴賳丕 毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲賯賷賷賲 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賱賷爻鬲鬲亘 賱賰 丕賱丕賲乇 ...
賵賷乇賶 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳 兀賰亘乇 囟賲丕賳 賱賱丨賷賱賵賱丞 丿賵賳 丕丨鬲賱丕賱 亘賱丿 賲丕 賴賵 丕毓胤丕亍 丕賴賱賴丕 賴丕賲卮 賲賳 丕賱丨乇賷賴 ...賮兀賳 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱丨乇賴 鬲賴亘 賱賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳 丨乇賷鬲賴丕 賵鬲夭丿丕丿 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 囟乇丕賵丞 賰賱賲丕 夭丕丿 賴丕賲卮 丕賱丨乇賷賴 ...亘賷賳賲丕 鬲丨鬲丕噩 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱禺丕賳毓賴 賱賵賯鬲 胤賵賷賱 丨鬲賶 鬲賰丕賮丨 賵噩賵丿 丕賱賲丨鬲賱 .
賵賴賳丕 賷毓胤賷 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 賳氐賷丨賴 毓馗賷賲賴 賱兀賷 賲購丨鬲賱 ...""毓賱賷賰 丕賳 鬲乇鬲賰亘 賮馗丕卅毓 賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿賴 孬賲 賷鬲賵賯賮 賱賷亘毓孬 丕賱胤賲兀賳賷賳賴 賮賷 賳賮賵爻 丕賱卮毓亘 "" 亘賲毓賳賶 丕賳 丕賱亘胤卮 卮丿賷丿 賵噩賲丕毓賷 賵賱賲乇丞 賵丕丨丿賴 丨鬲賶 賱丕 賷賮賯丿 賴賷亘鬲賴 賵乇賴亘鬲賴 賮賷 丕賱賳賮賵爻 亘賷賳賲丕 丕賱賳賮毓 賵丕賱乇禺丕亍 亘丕賱賯胤丕乇賴...丨鬲賶 賷夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賲鬲賳丕賳 丕賱乇毓賷賴 賱賴 .
賮賷 乇兀賷 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賳 亘毓囟 丕賱丨賰丕賲 賵乇孬 丕賱爻賱胤丞 賱賰賳 丕賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 丨氐賱賵丕 毓賱賷賴丕 丿賵賳 丕賳 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 毓乇賵賯賴賲 丿賲 賲賱賰賷 賷鬲賲鬲毓賵賳 賯胤毓丕 亘賲賵丕賴亘 毓馗賷賲賴 賵 馗乇賵賮 兀匕賰鬲 賯丿乇丕鬲賴賲 丕賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲賰乇 賵丕賱禺爻賴 兀丨賷丕賳丕 ...!
賷賱丕丨馗 賮賷 賮賰乇 賲賷賰丕賮賷賱賷 鬲亘賳賷賴 賱賱爻賷丕丿丞 賵 丕賱爻賱胤丞 丕賱賲胤賱賯丞 ...
賯丿 賱丕賷賰賵賳 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賴賵 丕賱丕賮囟賱 ...賱賰賳 賯乇丕亍鬲賴 賵丕噩亘賴 賰鬲乇丕孬 賮賰乇賷
August 19, 2021
(Old review)
I honestly don't understand why this book is - by almost everyone (as it shows here on 欧宝娱乐, for example) - so praised. I read it last year, and I briefly re-read it just now, but the answer still hasn't come up. I simply don't like this book.
Sure, as a historical document, The Prince (1513), written by Machiavelli, might be interesting. And it offers us a glimpse of the state of Italy (especially Florence) in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. But I cannot help but cynically remark that people act like this little booklet contains a treasure of revelation on how to live your life. It simply doesn't.
As a study of statesmanship, one should read Montesquieu's d'Esprit de Lois, which offers a much more interesting (and complete) historical sketch of types of governments, the rule of law, etc. The Prince touches only on the type of government Machiavelli calls 'principate' (i.e. a republic ruled by a prince), and is rather dull and superficial.
The Prince is 'just' 100 or so pages of advice that wasn't asked for. Machiavelli dedicates this book to the new Medicean ruler of Florence, zooming in on how a prince should conduct himself in order to survive. It doesn't (nor should it) take 100 pages to get Machiavelli's message across: the prince should be prudential, opportunistic and strong willed. Or, to paraphrase Machiavelli, the prince should be a fox and a lion at the same time - act agressive to achieve your goals, leave nothing to chance, and when suited play Mr. Nice Guy to deceive.
As a piece of advice for modern day readers, it can not get any more base and shallow than that. This might explain the extreme popularity of the book: most people ARE rather base and shallow, and love to read pieces of worthless advice like this. Ignorance is bliss.
I can only remark the following: the contents of the book are - unless you are a Medicean ruler of 1513 Florence - not all that interesting (or original, for that matter); the book isn't written well (it reads like a collection of short summaries); and its message is clearly outdated and heavily context-dependent - meaning that copying and pasting its message to life in 2017 isn't all that helpful.
If you want to read on how to conduct yourself, study the works of moral philosophers like Plato or Kant. If you want to read on history of statesmen or statesmanship, study (again) Plato, Montesquieu,or de Tocqueville. If you want to read on politics in early 16th century Florence, study Machiavelli's The Prince. But please stop making all this noise about this book, it isn't all that special.
I honestly don't understand why this book is - by almost everyone (as it shows here on 欧宝娱乐, for example) - so praised. I read it last year, and I briefly re-read it just now, but the answer still hasn't come up. I simply don't like this book.
Sure, as a historical document, The Prince (1513), written by Machiavelli, might be interesting. And it offers us a glimpse of the state of Italy (especially Florence) in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. But I cannot help but cynically remark that people act like this little booklet contains a treasure of revelation on how to live your life. It simply doesn't.
As a study of statesmanship, one should read Montesquieu's d'Esprit de Lois, which offers a much more interesting (and complete) historical sketch of types of governments, the rule of law, etc. The Prince touches only on the type of government Machiavelli calls 'principate' (i.e. a republic ruled by a prince), and is rather dull and superficial.
The Prince is 'just' 100 or so pages of advice that wasn't asked for. Machiavelli dedicates this book to the new Medicean ruler of Florence, zooming in on how a prince should conduct himself in order to survive. It doesn't (nor should it) take 100 pages to get Machiavelli's message across: the prince should be prudential, opportunistic and strong willed. Or, to paraphrase Machiavelli, the prince should be a fox and a lion at the same time - act agressive to achieve your goals, leave nothing to chance, and when suited play Mr. Nice Guy to deceive.
As a piece of advice for modern day readers, it can not get any more base and shallow than that. This might explain the extreme popularity of the book: most people ARE rather base and shallow, and love to read pieces of worthless advice like this. Ignorance is bliss.
I can only remark the following: the contents of the book are - unless you are a Medicean ruler of 1513 Florence - not all that interesting (or original, for that matter); the book isn't written well (it reads like a collection of short summaries); and its message is clearly outdated and heavily context-dependent - meaning that copying and pasting its message to life in 2017 isn't all that helpful.
If you want to read on how to conduct yourself, study the works of moral philosophers like Plato or Kant. If you want to read on history of statesmen or statesmanship, study (again) Plato, Montesquieu,or de Tocqueville. If you want to read on politics in early 16th century Florence, study Machiavelli's The Prince. But please stop making all this noise about this book, it isn't all that special.
November 27, 2020
賰鬲丕亘 丕賱兀賲賷乇
賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 賷鬲毓丿賷 150 氐賮丨丞 賵賱賰賳賴 噩賲毓 賰賱 丿賴丕亍 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 毓賱賷 賲乇 丕賱毓氐賵乇
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賱賲毓乇賵賮 亘卮賷胤丕賳 丕賱爻丕爻丞 賵丕賱匕賷 爻賲賷鬲 毓賱賷 丕爻賲賴 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷丞
賷賯毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 26 賮氐賱 賷賯丿賲 賮賷賴丕 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賮賷 丕賱丨賰賲 賵賰賷賮 賷囟賲賳 丕賱丨丕賰賲 丕賱亘賯丕亍 賮賷 毓乇卮賴 亘兀賷 賵爻賷賱丞 賲賲賰賳丞 賵賷賲賰賳 賯乇丕亍丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賳馗乇鬲賷賳 賲禺鬲賱賮鬲賷賳 賳馗乇丞 兀賳賴 賰鬲丕亘 賷賯丿賲 賳氐丕卅丨 賰賷賮 鬲氐亘丨 丨丕賰賲丕 丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丕 賵賲賳 兀噩賱 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賷 丕賱丨賰賲 鬲丨賰賲 亘丕賱丨丿賷丿 賵丕賱賳丕乇 鬲丕乇賰丕 丕賱毓丿丕賱丞 賵乇丕亍賰 兀賵 亘賳馗乇丞 兀禺乇賷 賵賴賷 賳氐丕卅丨 賱賱卮毓賵亘 賰賷賮 賷賲賰賳 賱賱丨丕賰賲 兀賳 賷鬲賲丕丿賶 賮賷 馗賱賲賴 賲賳 兀噩賱 丕賱毓乇卮
鬲賯賷賷賲賷 丕賱毓丕賱賷 賱賱賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 賷毓賳賷 兀賳賷 兀鬲賮賯 毓賱賷 賲丕 賮賷賴 賵賱賰賳 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 丕賱廿賳賰丕乇 兀賳賴 賰鬲丕亘 賵丕賯毓賷 賵賲賳 兀賴賲 賰鬲亘 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱鬲賷 賳乇賷 賲丨鬲賵丕賴丕 賵爻賳乇丕賴丕 毓賱賷 賲乇 丕賱毓氐賵乇
賵賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 賱丕 兀鬲賮賯 賲毓 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 賲丨鬲賵賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵丕賱睾丕賷丞 兀亘丿丕 賱丕 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱丞
賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 賷鬲毓丿賷 150 氐賮丨丞 賵賱賰賳賴 噩賲毓 賰賱 丿賴丕亍 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 毓賱賷 賲乇 丕賱毓氐賵乇
丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷 丕賱賲毓乇賵賮 亘卮賷胤丕賳 丕賱爻丕爻丞 賵丕賱匕賷 爻賲賷鬲 毓賱賷 丕爻賲賴 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賷丞
賷賯毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賮賷 26 賮氐賱 賷賯丿賲 賮賷賴丕 賲賰賷丕賮賷賱賱賷 丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱兀賮囟賱 賮賷 丕賱丨賰賲 賵賰賷賮 賷囟賲賳 丕賱丨丕賰賲 丕賱亘賯丕亍 賮賷 毓乇卮賴 亘兀賷 賵爻賷賱丞 賲賲賰賳丞 賵賷賲賰賳 賯乇丕亍丞 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘賳馗乇鬲賷賳 賲禺鬲賱賮鬲賷賳 賳馗乇丞 兀賳賴 賰鬲丕亘 賷賯丿賲 賳氐丕卅丨 賰賷賮 鬲氐亘丨 丨丕賰賲丕 丿賷賰鬲丕鬲賵乇賷丕 賵賲賳 兀噩賱 丕賱丨賮丕馗 毓賱賷 丕賱丨賰賲 鬲丨賰賲 亘丕賱丨丿賷丿 賵丕賱賳丕乇 鬲丕乇賰丕 丕賱毓丿丕賱丞 賵乇丕亍賰 兀賵 亘賳馗乇丞 兀禺乇賷 賵賴賷 賳氐丕卅丨 賱賱卮毓賵亘 賰賷賮 賷賲賰賳 賱賱丨丕賰賲 兀賳 賷鬲賲丕丿賶 賮賷 馗賱賲賴 賲賳 兀噩賱 丕賱毓乇卮
鬲賯賷賷賲賷 丕賱毓丕賱賷 賱賱賰鬲丕亘 賱丕 賷毓賳賷 兀賳賷 兀鬲賮賯 毓賱賷 賲丕 賮賷賴 賵賱賰賳 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 丕賱廿賳賰丕乇 兀賳賴 賰鬲丕亘 賵丕賯毓賷 賵賲賳 兀賴賲 賰鬲亘 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱鬲賷 賳乇賷 賲丨鬲賵丕賴丕 賵爻賳乇丕賴丕 毓賱賷 賲乇 丕賱毓氐賵乇
賵賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 賱丕 兀鬲賮賯 賲毓 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 賲丨鬲賵賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵丕賱睾丕賷丞 兀亘丿丕 賱丕 鬲亘乇乇 丕賱賵爻賷賱丞
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