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Voices of Utopia #3
醿儤醿溼儥醿樶儭 醿戓儤醿償醿戓儤
醿♂儠醿斸儮醿氠儛醿溼儛 醿愥儦醿斸儱醿♂儤醿斸儠醿樶儵醿� 醿涐儥醿樶儣醿儠醿斸儦醿愥儧醿撫償 醿涐儩醿愥儱醿曖儭 醿愥儠醿︶儛醿溼償醿椺儝醿愥儧醿濁儠醿氠儤醿氠儣醿� 醿ㄡ儤醿ㄡ儠醿斸儦醿� 醿斸儧醿濁儶醿樶償醿戓儤 醿撫儛, 醿愥儧醿樶儮醿濁儧醿愥儶, 醿椺儛醿犪儝醿涐儛醿溼儴醿� 醿ㄡ償醿溼儛醿犪儵醿ａ儨醿斸儜醿ａ儦醿樶儛 醿犪儩醿掅儩醿犪儶 醿樶儨醿⑨儩醿溼儛醿儤醿斸儜醿�, 醿樶儭醿� 醿撫儛醿ａ儦醿愥儝醿斸儜醿斸儦醿� 醿め儬醿愥儝醿涐償醿溼儮醿ａ儦醿� 醿ㄡ儣醿愥儜醿斸儹醿撫儤醿氠償醿戓償醿戓儤 醿撫儛 醿ㄡ償醿め儛醿♂償醿戓償醿戓儤 醿濁儧醿栣償, 醿犪儩醿涐償醿氠儧醿愥儶 醿ａ儧醿儤醿涐償醿♂儤 醿欋儠醿愥儦醿� 醿撫儛醿愥儧醿┽儨醿樶儛 醿炨償醿犪儭醿濁儨醿愥儫醿斸儜醿樶儭 醿儺醿濁儠醿犪償醿戓儛醿�. 醿儤醿掅儨醿ㄡ儤 醿ㄡ償醿♂儯醿氠儤醿� 醿濁儱醿涐償醿戓儤 醿♂儛醿♂儛醿涐儛醿犪儣醿� 醿炨儬醿濁儶醿斸儭醿斸儜醿樶儞醿愥儨, 醿犪儩醿涐償醿氠儤醿� "醿儤醿溼儥醿樶儭 醿戓儤醿償醿戓儤醿�" 醿掅儛醿涐儩醿償醿涐儤醿� 醿ㄡ償醿涐儞醿斸儝 醿掅儛醿涐儤醿愥儬醿椺儛 醿戓償醿氠儛醿犪儯醿♂儴醿�. 醿炨儬醿濁儶醿斸儭醿斸儜醿栣償 醿愥儠醿⑨儩醿犪儤醿⑨儛醿犪儯醿氠儧醿� 醿犪償醿熱儤醿涐儧醿� 醿涐儸醿斸儬醿氠儤醿� 醿儤醿溼儛醿愥儲醿涐儞醿斸儝 醿涐儤醿♂儤醿曖償 醿犪償醿愥儦醿ａ儬醿� 醿炨償醿♂儩醿溼儛醿熱償醿戓儤 醿掅儛醿涐儩醿樶儳醿曖儛醿溼儛.
456 pages
First published January 1, 1989
778 people are currently reading
18839 people want to read
About the author
Svetlana Alexievich
49听books5,673听followersSvetlana Alexievich was born in Ivano Frankivsk, Ukraine. Her father was Belarusian and her mother Ukrainian. Alexievich grew up in Belarus, where both her parents were teachers. She studied to be a journalist at the University of Minsk and worked a teacher, journalist and editor. In Minsk she has worked at the newspaper Sel'skaja Gazeta, Alexievich's criticism of the political regimes in the Soviet Union and thereafter Belarus has periodically forced her to live abroad, for example in Italy, France, Germany and Sweden.
Svetlana Alexievich depicts life during and after the Soviet Union through the experience of individuals. In her books she uses interviews to create a collage of a wide range of voices. With her "documentary novels", Svetlana Alexievich, who is a journalist, moves in the boundary between reporting and fiction. Her major works are her grand cycle Voices of Utopia, which consists of five parts. Svetlana Alexievich's books criticize political regimes in both the Soviet Union and later Belarus.
In 2015 Ms Alexievich was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Svetlana Alexievich depicts life during and after the Soviet Union through the experience of individuals. In her books she uses interviews to create a collage of a wide range of voices. With her "documentary novels", Svetlana Alexievich, who is a journalist, moves in the boundary between reporting and fiction. Her major works are her grand cycle Voices of Utopia, which consists of five parts. Svetlana Alexievich's books criticize political regimes in both the Soviet Union and later Belarus.
In 2015 Ms Alexievich was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
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December 4, 2024
"丿毓賵賳賷 兀賮鬲丨 丕賱鬲丕亘賵鬲 ..丿毓賵賳賷 兀乇 賵賱丿賷 ..
鬲毓丕賱 廿賱賷貙賷丕 賵賱丿賷貙賮賷 丕賱丨賱賲.鬲毓丕賱 賱賱賯丕卅賷.."
毓賳丿賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 兀賯氐賷 兀賲賳賷丞 賱兀賲貙 廿賳賴丕 亘爻 鬲卮賵賮 廿亘賳賴丕 賵賱賵 賲乇丞 兀禺賷乇丞 賮賷 丨賱賲 兀賵 丨鬲賷 噩孬丞 賴丕賲丿丞 賮賷 鬲丕亘賵鬲..
兀賷 丨賷丕丞 爻鬲毓賷卮賴丕 兀賷 兀購賲 賵兀賷 賵噩毓 丨鬲丨爻 亘賷賴 賵賴賷 賷噩亘 毓賱賷賴丕 兀賳 鬲毓鬲丕丿 毓賱賷 賮賰乇丞 廿賳賴丕 賲卮 丨鬲丕禺丿 廿亘賳賴丕 賮賷 丨囟賳賴丕 賲乇丞 鬲丕賳賷丞..:(
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 ..賯乇丕亍丞 賲丐賱賲丞 兀禺乇賷 賱爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘毓丿 賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿..
賲賳 賴賲 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰責 賴賲 噩賳賵丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 丕賱匕賷 鬲鬲乇賵丕丨 兀毓賲丕乇賴賲 亘賷賳 佟侉-佗贍 爻賳丞 賵匕賴亘賵丕 廿賱賷 丨乇亘 亘丨噩丞 鬲賯丿賷賲 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞 賵丕賱丿毓賲 賱賱卮毓亘 丕賱丕賮睾丕賳賷 賵賱賰賳賴賲 賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 乇噩毓賵丕 廿賱賷 亘賱丿賴賲 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰..
卮賴丕丿丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 賵丕賱賲賯丕亘賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賯丕賲鬲 亘賴丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賲毓賴賲 亘鬲賵囟丨 廿賳賴賲 賰丕賳賵丕 囟丨丕賷丕 禺胤兀 爻賷丕爻賷 賵廿賳 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 賱賯賵丕 丨鬲賮賴賲 毓亘孬丕賸 賮賷 丨乇亘 賱賲 鬲賰賳 乇賵爻賷丕 賮賷 丨丕噩丞 廿賱賷賴丕..
"賲丕匕丕 噩賱亘賳丕 賲賳 賴賳丕賰 睾賷乇 丕賱鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲囟賲 乇賮丕賯賳丕責
賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀爻賲毓 卮賷卅丕賸 毓賳 丕賱禺胤兀 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷!賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀毓乇賮!廿匕丕 賰丕賳 匕賱賰 禺胤兀貙廿匕丕賸 兀毓賷丿賵丕 廿賱賷賾 爻丕賯賷賻賾.."!
鬲賲 賲丨丕賰賲丞 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘爻亘亘 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵廿鬲賴丕賲賴丕 亘廿賳鬲賯丕亍 兀賯賵丕賱 賲毓賷賳丞 賲賳 兀賯賵丕賱 丕賱賲丨丕乇亘賷賳 賵兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱囟丨丕賷丕 賵鬲卮賵賷賴 丕賱丨賯丕卅賯 賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨賷鬲賰賱賲 毓賳 鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賴匕賴 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丞 賮賷 兀禺乇 佴贍 氐賮丨丞..
兀賰賷丿 賱賷爻鬲 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 賲賳 丨丕賰賲賵丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕..爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 賳馗丕賲 亘兀賰賲賱賴..亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 毓卮丕賳 賰卮賮鬲 毓賷賵亘賴 賵兀禺胤丕卅賴..亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 毓卮丕賳 賯丕賱鬲 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞...
"賵 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 鬲賰賱賮 氐丕丨亘賴丕 睾丕賱賷丕賸 丿丕卅賲丕賸.."
兀丨爻丿 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 毓賱賷 噩乇兀鬲賴丕 賵 卮噩丕毓鬲賴丕 賵毓賱賷 廿賳賴丕 丿丕賮毓鬲 毓賳 賯賱賲賴丕 賵毓賳 丨賯賴丕 賰廿賳爻丕賳丞 兀賵賱丕賸 賵賰賰丕鬲亘丞 孬丕賳賷丕賸 賮賷 廿賳賴丕 鬲毓賱賳 乇賮囟賴丕 賱賱丨乇亘 賵賰乇賴丕 賱賴丕 兀賷丕賸 賰丕賳鬲 兀爻亘丕亘賴丕 毓賱賷 丕賱乇睾賲 廿賳賴丕 賰丕賳鬲 鬲噩丿 氐毓賵亘丞 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳賴丕..
"兀賳丕 賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀氐賲鬲 賵賱丕 兀爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 兀賰孬乇.."
爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮..賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱夭賲丕賳貙兀毓鬲賯丿 廿賳賳丕 賳丨鬲丕噩 賱賱賰孬賷乇 賲孬賱賰賽 兀賷鬲賴丕 丕賱賲乇兀丞 丕賱卮噩丕毓丞...
鬲毓丕賱 廿賱賷貙賷丕 賵賱丿賷貙賮賷 丕賱丨賱賲.鬲毓丕賱 賱賱賯丕卅賷.."
毓賳丿賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 兀賯氐賷 兀賲賳賷丞 賱兀賲貙 廿賳賴丕 亘爻 鬲卮賵賮 廿亘賳賴丕 賵賱賵 賲乇丞 兀禺賷乇丞 賮賷 丨賱賲 兀賵 丨鬲賷 噩孬丞 賴丕賲丿丞 賮賷 鬲丕亘賵鬲..
兀賷 丨賷丕丞 爻鬲毓賷卮賴丕 兀賷 兀購賲 賵兀賷 賵噩毓 丨鬲丨爻 亘賷賴 賵賴賷 賷噩亘 毓賱賷賴丕 兀賳 鬲毓鬲丕丿 毓賱賷 賮賰乇丞 廿賳賴丕 賲卮 丨鬲丕禺丿 廿亘賳賴丕 賮賷 丨囟賳賴丕 賲乇丞 鬲丕賳賷丞..:(
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 ..賯乇丕亍丞 賲丐賱賲丞 兀禺乇賷 賱爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘毓丿 賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿..
賲賳 賴賲 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰責 賴賲 噩賳賵丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 丕賱匕賷 鬲鬲乇賵丕丨 兀毓賲丕乇賴賲 亘賷賳 佟侉-佗贍 爻賳丞 賵匕賴亘賵丕 廿賱賷 丨乇亘 亘丨噩丞 鬲賯丿賷賲 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞 賵丕賱丿毓賲 賱賱卮毓亘 丕賱丕賮睾丕賳賷 賵賱賰賳賴賲 賮賷 丕賱賳賴丕賷丞 乇噩毓賵丕 廿賱賷 亘賱丿賴賲 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰..
卮賴丕丿丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 賵丕賱賲賯丕亘賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賯丕賲鬲 亘賴丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賲毓賴賲 亘鬲賵囟丨 廿賳賴賲 賰丕賳賵丕 囟丨丕賷丕 禺胤兀 爻賷丕爻賷 賵廿賳 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 賱賯賵丕 丨鬲賮賴賲 毓亘孬丕賸 賮賷 丨乇亘 賱賲 鬲賰賳 乇賵爻賷丕 賮賷 丨丕噩丞 廿賱賷賴丕..
"賲丕匕丕 噩賱亘賳丕 賲賳 賴賳丕賰 睾賷乇 丕賱鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲囟賲 乇賮丕賯賳丕責
賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀爻賲毓 卮賷卅丕賸 毓賳 丕賱禺胤兀 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷!賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀毓乇賮!廿匕丕 賰丕賳 匕賱賰 禺胤兀貙廿匕丕賸 兀毓賷丿賵丕 廿賱賷賾 爻丕賯賷賻賾.."!
鬲賲 賲丨丕賰賲丞 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘爻亘亘 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵廿鬲賴丕賲賴丕 亘廿賳鬲賯丕亍 兀賯賵丕賱 賲毓賷賳丞 賲賳 兀賯賵丕賱 丕賱賲丨丕乇亘賷賳 賵兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱囟丨丕賷丕 賵鬲卮賵賷賴 丕賱丨賯丕卅賯 賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨賷鬲賰賱賲 毓賳 鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賴匕賴 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丞 賮賷 兀禺乇 佴贍 氐賮丨丞..
兀賰賷丿 賱賷爻鬲 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 賲賳 丨丕賰賲賵丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕..爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 賳馗丕賲 亘兀賰賲賱賴..亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 毓卮丕賳 賰卮賮鬲 毓賷賵亘賴 賵兀禺胤丕卅賴..亘賷丨丕賰賲賴丕 毓卮丕賳 賯丕賱鬲 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞...
"賵 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 鬲賰賱賮 氐丕丨亘賴丕 睾丕賱賷丕賸 丿丕卅賲丕賸.."
兀丨爻丿 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 毓賱賷 噩乇兀鬲賴丕 賵 卮噩丕毓鬲賴丕 賵毓賱賷 廿賳賴丕 丿丕賮毓鬲 毓賳 賯賱賲賴丕 賵毓賳 丨賯賴丕 賰廿賳爻丕賳丞 兀賵賱丕賸 賵賰賰丕鬲亘丞 孬丕賳賷丕賸 賮賷 廿賳賴丕 鬲毓賱賳 乇賮囟賴丕 賱賱丨乇亘 賵賰乇賴丕 賱賴丕 兀賷丕賸 賰丕賳鬲 兀爻亘丕亘賴丕 毓賱賷 丕賱乇睾賲 廿賳賴丕 賰丕賳鬲 鬲噩丿 氐毓賵亘丞 賮賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳賴丕..
"兀賳丕 賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀氐賲鬲 賵賱丕 兀爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 兀賰孬乇.."
爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮..賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱夭賲丕賳貙兀毓鬲賯丿 廿賳賳丕 賳丨鬲丕噩 賱賱賰孬賷乇 賲孬賱賰賽 兀賷鬲賴丕 丕賱賲乇兀丞 丕賱卮噩丕毓丞...
July 23, 2021
IL VIETNAM SOVIETICO
Ho questa idea: fare un grande e imponente lavoro; dovrebbe essere esattamente come un romanzo, con un'unica differenza: ogni sua parola dovrebbe essere vera.
Parole di Truman capote che progettava il suo 鈥淎 sangue freddo鈥�.
Un altro romanzo-inchiesta, o romanzo-documentario, di Svetlana Aleksievic: questo 猫 dedicato alla guerra in Afghanistan, all鈥檌nvasione che l鈥橴nione Sovietica inizi貌 nel 1979 con la scusa di appoggiare l鈥檈sercito regolare di quel paese contro l鈥檃ttacco di forze giudicate guerrigliere (prima di tutto i cosiddetti mujaheddin), e secondo il governo sovietico finanziate da forze straniere (USA, Cina, Pakistan, Iran, Arabia Saudita, UK).
L鈥檌nvasione dur貌 dieci anni e fu un bagno di sangue. Un milione di giovani sovietici, uomini e donne, furono impegnati e direttamente coinvolti.
Alla fine i sovietici furono costretti a ritirarsi senza aver ottenuto che un nulla infernale. Un po鈥� come quello che era successo a gli USA in Vietnam: uno sforzo bellico enorme, perdite ingenti, violenza sfrenata, nessun risultato. Da qui, appunto, la definizione di Vietnam Sovietico.
L鈥檕cchio e l鈥檃ttenzione della Aleksievic, come sempre affamata di realt脿, 猫 diretto a chi ha combattuto quella guerra, i soldati dell鈥橝rmata Rossa, molti dei quali tornavano a casa dentro una bara di zinco (da cui il titolo del libro). Oltre che ai combattenti sovietici, agli ausiliari, al personale medico, alle donne coinvolte. E poi ai aprenti di vittime e reduci. Un impianto corale dove come suo solito Aleksievic intreccia le testimonianze ai dati storici, statistici, ai fatti di cronaca.
Aleksievic ascolta molte voci di donne, come quella dell鈥檌nfermiera, che racconta le molestie subite dai compatrioti, i tentativi di violenza dai quali 猫 riuscita a difendersi.
Come la madre che accoglie felice e gioiosa il figlio reduce dal fronte, per poi accorgersi che 猫 sempre pi霉 silenzioso, sempre pi霉 legato ai suoi commilitoni, sempre pi霉 portato alla violenza, come se la guerra non fosse rimasta laggi霉, ma lo avesse seguito a casa.
Non sono neanche pi霉 riuscito a indossare i miei jeans e le mie camicie di prima della guerra, perch茅 erano ormai gli abiti di un altro, di una persona ormai estranea, anche se mia madre mi assicurava che avevano conservato il mio odore.
Uno degli aspetti che emerge con pi霉 vivezza 猫 la relazione tra menzogna e verit脿, la prima a carico dello stato, del potere, dell鈥檜fficialit脿, la seconda conosciuta da chi 猫 stato al fronte: quello che era stato spacciato per dovere internazionalista e fratellanza col popolo afghano, 鈥渧igilanza contro gli intrighi dell鈥檌mperialismo鈥� e 鈥渟ostegno della giusta lotta dei popoli per la libert脿 e l鈥檌ndipendenza鈥�, si mostra inesistente di fronte a una guerra affrontata senza la minima preparazione tecnica e in condizioni atroci. I reduci, partiti pieni di belle illusioni e buoni sentimenti, di un romanticismo ingenuo, si trasformano in marionette di un gioco ben pi霉 grande di loro, si scontrano con la realt脿 di un carnaio indicibile, e la vanit脿 del loro intervento, del loro sforzo. Un prezzo da pagare davvero troppo alto.
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Elio Vittorini scriveva a proposito della guerra che conobbe di persona, la seconda mondiale:
Ma forse non ogni uomo 猫 uomo; e non tutto il genere umano 猫 genere umano. Questo 猫 un dubbio che viene, nella pioggia, quando uno ha le scarpe rotte, acqua nelle scarpe rotte, e non pi霉 nessuno in particolare che gli occupi il cuore, non pi霉 vita sua particolare, nulla pi霉 di fatto e nulla da fare, nulla neanche da temere, nulla pi霉 da perdere, e vede, al di l脿 di se stesso, i massacri del mondo.
Ho questa idea: fare un grande e imponente lavoro; dovrebbe essere esattamente come un romanzo, con un'unica differenza: ogni sua parola dovrebbe essere vera.
Parole di Truman capote che progettava il suo 鈥淎 sangue freddo鈥�.
Un altro romanzo-inchiesta, o romanzo-documentario, di Svetlana Aleksievic: questo 猫 dedicato alla guerra in Afghanistan, all鈥檌nvasione che l鈥橴nione Sovietica inizi貌 nel 1979 con la scusa di appoggiare l鈥檈sercito regolare di quel paese contro l鈥檃ttacco di forze giudicate guerrigliere (prima di tutto i cosiddetti mujaheddin), e secondo il governo sovietico finanziate da forze straniere (USA, Cina, Pakistan, Iran, Arabia Saudita, UK).
L鈥檌nvasione dur貌 dieci anni e fu un bagno di sangue. Un milione di giovani sovietici, uomini e donne, furono impegnati e direttamente coinvolti.
Alla fine i sovietici furono costretti a ritirarsi senza aver ottenuto che un nulla infernale. Un po鈥� come quello che era successo a gli USA in Vietnam: uno sforzo bellico enorme, perdite ingenti, violenza sfrenata, nessun risultato. Da qui, appunto, la definizione di Vietnam Sovietico.
L鈥檕cchio e l鈥檃ttenzione della Aleksievic, come sempre affamata di realt脿, 猫 diretto a chi ha combattuto quella guerra, i soldati dell鈥橝rmata Rossa, molti dei quali tornavano a casa dentro una bara di zinco (da cui il titolo del libro). Oltre che ai combattenti sovietici, agli ausiliari, al personale medico, alle donne coinvolte. E poi ai aprenti di vittime e reduci. Un impianto corale dove come suo solito Aleksievic intreccia le testimonianze ai dati storici, statistici, ai fatti di cronaca.
Aleksievic ascolta molte voci di donne, come quella dell鈥檌nfermiera, che racconta le molestie subite dai compatrioti, i tentativi di violenza dai quali 猫 riuscita a difendersi.
Come la madre che accoglie felice e gioiosa il figlio reduce dal fronte, per poi accorgersi che 猫 sempre pi霉 silenzioso, sempre pi霉 legato ai suoi commilitoni, sempre pi霉 portato alla violenza, come se la guerra non fosse rimasta laggi霉, ma lo avesse seguito a casa.
Non sono neanche pi霉 riuscito a indossare i miei jeans e le mie camicie di prima della guerra, perch茅 erano ormai gli abiti di un altro, di una persona ormai estranea, anche se mia madre mi assicurava che avevano conservato il mio odore.
Uno degli aspetti che emerge con pi霉 vivezza 猫 la relazione tra menzogna e verit脿, la prima a carico dello stato, del potere, dell鈥檜fficialit脿, la seconda conosciuta da chi 猫 stato al fronte: quello che era stato spacciato per dovere internazionalista e fratellanza col popolo afghano, 鈥渧igilanza contro gli intrighi dell鈥檌mperialismo鈥� e 鈥渟ostegno della giusta lotta dei popoli per la libert脿 e l鈥檌ndipendenza鈥�, si mostra inesistente di fronte a una guerra affrontata senza la minima preparazione tecnica e in condizioni atroci. I reduci, partiti pieni di belle illusioni e buoni sentimenti, di un romanticismo ingenuo, si trasformano in marionette di un gioco ben pi霉 grande di loro, si scontrano con la realt脿 di un carnaio indicibile, e la vanit脿 del loro intervento, del loro sforzo. Un prezzo da pagare davvero troppo alto.
[image error]
Elio Vittorini scriveva a proposito della guerra che conobbe di persona, la seconda mondiale:
Ma forse non ogni uomo 猫 uomo; e non tutto il genere umano 猫 genere umano. Questo 猫 un dubbio che viene, nella pioggia, quando uno ha le scarpe rotte, acqua nelle scarpe rotte, e non pi霉 nessuno in particolare che gli occupi il cuore, non pi霉 vita sua particolare, nulla pi霉 di fatto e nulla da fare, nulla neanche da temere, nulla pi霉 da perdere, e vede, al di l脿 di se stesso, i massacri del mondo.
September 2, 2017
賴賱 賰鬲亘 兀丨丿賹 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 亘賴匕丕 丕賱氐丿賯 賯胤責
January 6, 2025
26.02.2022
肖邪褕懈褋褌泻邪褌邪 邪谐褉械褋懈褟 褋褉械褖褍 褋褍胁械褉械薪薪邪 校泻褉邪泄薪邪 械 胁械褔械 褎邪泻褌, 褏懈谢褟写懈 薪械胁懈薪薪懈 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈, 芯褖械 褏懈谢褟写懈 褖械 斜褗写邪褌, 谐褉邪写芯胁械 懈 褋械谢邪 褖械 斜褗写邪褌 褉邪蟹褉褍褕械薪懈. 笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 泻芯胁褔械蟹懈 芯斜邪褔械 薪褟屑邪 写邪 锌芯褌械谐谢褟褌 泻褗屑 芯褔邪泻胁邪褖懈褌械 谐懈 屑邪泄泻懈 - 写懈泻褌邪褌芯褉褗褌 谐芯褉懈 褌褉褍锌芯胁械褌械 薪邪 胁芯泄薪懈褑懈褌械 褋懈 胁 锌芯写胁懈卸薪懈 泻褉械屑邪褌芯褉懈褍屑懈, 蟹邪 写邪 薪械 芯褋褌邪胁邪褌 褋谢械写懈 懈 写芯泻邪蟹邪褌械谢褋褌胁邪 蟹邪 锌褉械褋褌褗锌谢械薪懈褟褌邪 屑褍! 袠谢懈 谐懈 芯褋褌邪胁褟褌 写邪 褋械 胁邪谢褟褌 锌芯 斜芯泄薪懈褌械 锌芯谢械褌邪 - 褌邪泻邪 薪褟屑邪 蟹邪褖芯 写邪 懈蟹锌谢邪褖邪 泻褉褗胁薪懈薪邪褌邪, 芯斜械褖邪薪邪 薪邪 褉芯写薪懈薪懈褌械鈥�
袩褉芯泻谢械褌懈 写邪 褋邪 懈 袩褍褌懈薪 懈 胁褗褉褏褍褕泻邪褌邪 屑褍, 泻邪泻褌芯 懈 褏芯屑芯 褋芯胁懈械褌懈泻褍褋, 泻芯懈褌芯 谐芯 懈蟹写懈谐薪邪褏邪 懈 屑褍 写邪写芯褏邪 胁褗蟹屑芯卸薪芯褋褌 写邪 泻褉邪写械, 写邪 薪邪斜械褉械 褋懈谢邪 懈 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪 屑邪褋芯胁芯 褏芯褉邪...
袚薪褍褋 屑械 械 斜械蟹锌褉械写械谢薪芯!!! :(
"小褌褉邪褏褍胁邪泄褌械 褋械 芯褌 锌褗褉胁懈褌械 锌芯褉懈胁懈 薪邪 写褍褕邪褌邪, 褌械 屑芯卸械 写邪 褋邪 懈褋泻褉械薪懈."
"笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪" 械 泻薪懈谐邪 褋 懈蟹锌芯胁械写懈褌械 薪邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻懈 谐褉邪卸写邪薪懈, 蟹邪褋械谐薪邪褌懈 谢懈褔薪芯 懈谢懈 泻芯褋胁械薪芯 芯褌 斜械蟹褍屑薪邪褌邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻邪 邪谐褉械褋懈褟 褋褉械褖褍 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 锌褉芯写褗谢卸懈谢邪 薪邪写 10 谐芯写懈薪懈 - 1979-1989.
袦邪泄泻懈, 褔懈懈褌芯 褋懈薪芯胁械 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈 褌邪屑, 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 懈 屑褗卸械 胁芯褞胁邪谢懈 懈 懈屑邪谢懈 泻褗褋屑械褌邪 写邪 褋械 胁褗褉薪邪褌 - 蟹写褉邪胁懈 锌芯薪械 胁褗薪褕薪芯 懈谢懈 胁械褔械 懈薪胁邪谢懈写懈, 卸械薪懈 - 屑械写懈褑懈薪褋泻懈 褋械褋褌褉懈, 谢械泻邪褉懈 懈 褋谢褍卸邪褖懈. 袙褋懈褔泻懈 褌械 褋邪 褍胁褉械写械薪懈 蟹邪胁懈薪邪谐懈 芯褌 褌邪蟹懈 斜械蟹褋屑懈褋谢械薪邪 懈 斜械蟹褔芯胁械褔薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪, 泻芯褟褌芯 褋械 芯泻邪蟹胁邪 锌芯褋谢械写薪懈褟褌 锌懈褉芯薪 胁 泻芯胁褔械谐邪 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈胁邪褖懈褟 小小小小袪...
袙谢邪褔邪 褟 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 芯褌 谐芯写懈薪懈, 薪褟屑邪褏 褋懈谢懈 写邪 褟 写芯褔械褌邪. 袙褋懈褔泻芯 褋谢褍褔懈谢芯 褋械 褌芯谐邪胁邪 褋械 锌芯胁褌邪褉褟 懈 写薪械褋 - 小懈褉懈褟, 校泻褉邪泄薪邪, 袥懈斜懈褟, 笑袗袪 懈 斜芯谐 蟹薪邪械 芯褖械 泻褗写械. 笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 泻芯胁褔械蟹懈 锌褗谢薪懈 褋 袚褉褍蟹 200 泻邪褑邪褌 写械薪芯薪芯褖薪芯 懈蟹 谢械褌懈褖邪褌邪 薪邪 袪肖, 屑芯屑褔械褌邪褌邪 褋邪 蟹邪泻芯锌邪胁邪薪懈 褌邪泄薪芯, 邪 斜谢懈蟹泻懈褌械 懈屑 褋邪 蟹邪锌谢邪褕胁邪薪懈 写邪 屑褗谢褔邪褌...
袧邪锌褉邪胁懈 屑懈 胁锌械褔邪褌谢械薪懈械, 薪褟屑邪 懈蟹锌芯胁械写懈 薪邪 屑褗卸械 蟹邪谐褍斜懈谢懈 褋懈薪芯胁械褌械 褋懈 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪. 小褗褖芯 褌邪泻邪, 褔械 懈 谐芯谢褟屑邪 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈蟹泻邪蟹邪薪芯褌芯 褋械 锌褉懈锌芯泻褉懈胁邪, 胁褋械 械写薪芯 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褋邪 卸懈胁褟谢懈 锌芯 薪褟泻邪泻褗胁 褍卸邪褋褟胁邪褖 泻邪谢褗锌 - 锌褉芯锌邪谐邪薪写邪, 谐谢褍锌芯褋褌, 谢褗卸懈, 卸械褋褌芯泻芯褋褌 懈 邪谢褔薪芯褋褌.
袙 锌芯褋谢械写褋褌胁懈械, 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈薪褌械褉胁褞懈褉邪薪懈褌械 锌褉械褋谢械写胁邪褌 褋褗写械斜薪芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪褌邪 褋 屑芯褌懈胁邪, 褔械 械 懈蟹芯锌邪褔懈谢邪 懈谢懈 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁懈谢邪 薪械胁械褉薪芯 写褍屑懈褌械 懈屑. 袦邪褌械褉懈邪谢懈褌械 锌芯 写械谢邪褌邪 懈 褉械邪泻褑懈褟褌邪 薪邪 芯斜褖械褋褌胁械薪懈褑懈 懈 锌褉械褋邪褌邪 褋邪 胁泻谢褞褔械薪懈 胁 泻褉邪褟 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袧懈泻芯泄 懈 薪懈泻芯谐邪 薪褟屑邪 写邪 褋褗写懈 芯斜邪褔械 胁懈薪芯胁薪懈褑懈褌械 蟹邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪 懈 蟹邪 褏懈谢褟写懈褌械 褍薪懈褖芯卸械薪懈 懈 褉邪蟹锌懈谢械薪懈 褋褗写斜懈, 屑邪泻邪褉 懈屑械薪邪褌邪 懈 写谢褗卸薪芯褋褌懈褌械 懈屑 写邪 褋邪 芯斜褖芯懈蟹胁械褋褌薪懈...
孝褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 锌褉芯褔械褌械, 屑邪泻邪褉 懈 写邪 械 屑薪芯谐芯 褌褉褍写薪芯, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 蟹薪邪械...
笑懈褌邪褌懈:
"袙褋懈褔泻芯 械 褟褋薪芯 - 胁芯械薪械薪 褋芯褑懈邪谢懈蟹褗屑, 胁芯械薪薪邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪, 胁芯械薪薪芯 屑懈褋谢械薪械."
"小褗胁械褌褋泻懈褟褌 胁芯泄薪懈泻 械 薪邪泄-械胁褌懈薪懈褟褌 胁芯泄薪懈泻."
"袗 写芯 薪械芯褌写邪胁薪邪 斜褟褏屑械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袦芯卸械 懈 写邪 薪械 褋屑械 斜懈谢懈, 薪芯 褋邪屑懈 褋械 褋褔懈褌邪褏屑械 蟹邪 褌邪泻邪胁邪. 袟邪褉邪写懈 褉邪泻械褌懈褌械, 褌邪薪泻芯胁械褌械, 邪褌芯屑薪懈褌械 斜芯屑斜懈." - 褌芯胁邪 械 褌芯 褌褉邪谐械写懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻懈褌械 褏芯褉邪, 蟹邪胁械褖邪谢懈 褋邪 褟 懈 薪邪 懈写薪懈褌械 锌芯泻芯谢械薪懈褟. 袗 胁褋懈褔泻芯 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 锌褉芯褋褌芯 蟹邪 芯褋屑懈褋谢褟薪械 - 薪褟屑邪 泻邪泻 写邪 褌械 芯斜懈褔邪褌 懈 褍胁邪卸邪胁邪褌, 邪泻芯 褉邪蟹褔懈褌邪褕 械写懈薪褋褌胁械薪芯 薪邪 褋懈谢邪褌邪 薪邪 芯褉褗卸懈械褌芯 褋懈...
P.S. 袩芯 褌械屑邪褌邪 - 锌褉械锌芯褉褗褔胁邪屑 "袚褉褍蟹 200" 薪邪 褉械卸懈褋褜芯褉邪 袘邪谢邪斜邪薪芯胁, 锌芯褌褉械褋邪胁邪褖 褎懈谢屑 械!
袟邪屑懈薪邪胁邪薪械: 锌褍褕械褔薪芯褌芯 屑械褋芯 芯褌懈胁邪 写邪 懈蟹锌褗谢薪褟胁邪 褋胁芯褟 "懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪" 写褗谢谐, "写邪 褋褌褉芯褟褌 锌褗褌懈褖邪, 斜芯谢薪懈褑懈 懈 褍褔懈谢懈褖邪"...
袟邪胁褉褗褖邪薪械: 芯褎懈褑懈邪谢薪芯, 薪邪写 15 000 屑谢邪写械卸懈 褋械 胁褉褗褖邪褌 胁 小小小袪 褌邪泻邪, 薪邪泄-褔械褋褌芯 芯斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹械薪懈 懈 胁 薪邪褋懈锌薪芯 褋褗褋褌芯褟薪懈械. 袙械褉芯褟褌薪芯 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈 写械褋械褌泻懈 褏懈谢褟写懈 锌芯胁械褔械, 写懈泻褌邪褌褍褉懈褌械 胁懈薪邪谐懈 谢褗卸邪褌 懈 泻褉懈褟褌 写芯褉懈 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪懈褌械 褋懈 卸械褉褌胁懈, 胁 褍卸 锌芯斜械写芯薪芯褋薪懈褌械 懈屑 胁芯泄薪懈鈥�
肖邪褕懈褋褌泻邪褌邪 邪谐褉械褋懈褟 褋褉械褖褍 褋褍胁械褉械薪薪邪 校泻褉邪泄薪邪 械 胁械褔械 褎邪泻褌, 褏懈谢褟写懈 薪械胁懈薪薪懈 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈, 芯褖械 褏懈谢褟写懈 褖械 斜褗写邪褌, 谐褉邪写芯胁械 懈 褋械谢邪 褖械 斜褗写邪褌 褉邪蟹褉褍褕械薪懈. 笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 泻芯胁褔械蟹懈 芯斜邪褔械 薪褟屑邪 写邪 锌芯褌械谐谢褟褌 泻褗屑 芯褔邪泻胁邪褖懈褌械 谐懈 屑邪泄泻懈 - 写懈泻褌邪褌芯褉褗褌 谐芯褉懈 褌褉褍锌芯胁械褌械 薪邪 胁芯泄薪懈褑懈褌械 褋懈 胁 锌芯写胁懈卸薪懈 泻褉械屑邪褌芯褉懈褍屑懈, 蟹邪 写邪 薪械 芯褋褌邪胁邪褌 褋谢械写懈 懈 写芯泻邪蟹邪褌械谢褋褌胁邪 蟹邪 锌褉械褋褌褗锌谢械薪懈褟褌邪 屑褍! 袠谢懈 谐懈 芯褋褌邪胁褟褌 写邪 褋械 胁邪谢褟褌 锌芯 斜芯泄薪懈褌械 锌芯谢械褌邪 - 褌邪泻邪 薪褟屑邪 蟹邪褖芯 写邪 懈蟹锌谢邪褖邪 泻褉褗胁薪懈薪邪褌邪, 芯斜械褖邪薪邪 薪邪 褉芯写薪懈薪懈褌械鈥�
袩褉芯泻谢械褌懈 写邪 褋邪 懈 袩褍褌懈薪 懈 胁褗褉褏褍褕泻邪褌邪 屑褍, 泻邪泻褌芯 懈 褏芯屑芯 褋芯胁懈械褌懈泻褍褋, 泻芯懈褌芯 谐芯 懈蟹写懈谐薪邪褏邪 懈 屑褍 写邪写芯褏邪 胁褗蟹屑芯卸薪芯褋褌 写邪 泻褉邪写械, 写邪 薪邪斜械褉械 褋懈谢邪 懈 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪 屑邪褋芯胁芯 褏芯褉邪...
袚薪褍褋 屑械 械 斜械蟹锌褉械写械谢薪芯!!! :(
"小褌褉邪褏褍胁邪泄褌械 褋械 芯褌 锌褗褉胁懈褌械 锌芯褉懈胁懈 薪邪 写褍褕邪褌邪, 褌械 屑芯卸械 写邪 褋邪 懈褋泻褉械薪懈."
"笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪" 械 泻薪懈谐邪 褋 懈蟹锌芯胁械写懈褌械 薪邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻懈 谐褉邪卸写邪薪懈, 蟹邪褋械谐薪邪褌懈 谢懈褔薪芯 懈谢懈 泻芯褋胁械薪芯 芯褌 斜械蟹褍屑薪邪褌邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻邪 邪谐褉械褋懈褟 褋褉械褖褍 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 锌褉芯写褗谢卸懈谢邪 薪邪写 10 谐芯写懈薪懈 - 1979-1989.
袦邪泄泻懈, 褔懈懈褌芯 褋懈薪芯胁械 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈 褌邪屑, 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 懈 屑褗卸械 胁芯褞胁邪谢懈 懈 懈屑邪谢懈 泻褗褋屑械褌邪 写邪 褋械 胁褗褉薪邪褌 - 蟹写褉邪胁懈 锌芯薪械 胁褗薪褕薪芯 懈谢懈 胁械褔械 懈薪胁邪谢懈写懈, 卸械薪懈 - 屑械写懈褑懈薪褋泻懈 褋械褋褌褉懈, 谢械泻邪褉懈 懈 褋谢褍卸邪褖懈. 袙褋懈褔泻懈 褌械 褋邪 褍胁褉械写械薪懈 蟹邪胁懈薪邪谐懈 芯褌 褌邪蟹懈 斜械蟹褋屑懈褋谢械薪邪 懈 斜械蟹褔芯胁械褔薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪, 泻芯褟褌芯 褋械 芯泻邪蟹胁邪 锌芯褋谢械写薪懈褟褌 锌懈褉芯薪 胁 泻芯胁褔械谐邪 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈胁邪褖懈褟 小小小小袪...
袙谢邪褔邪 褟 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 芯褌 谐芯写懈薪懈, 薪褟屑邪褏 褋懈谢懈 写邪 褟 写芯褔械褌邪. 袙褋懈褔泻芯 褋谢褍褔懈谢芯 褋械 褌芯谐邪胁邪 褋械 锌芯胁褌邪褉褟 懈 写薪械褋 - 小懈褉懈褟, 校泻褉邪泄薪邪, 袥懈斜懈褟, 笑袗袪 懈 斜芯谐 蟹薪邪械 芯褖械 泻褗写械. 笑懈薪泻芯胁懈褌械 泻芯胁褔械蟹懈 锌褗谢薪懈 褋 袚褉褍蟹 200 泻邪褑邪褌 写械薪芯薪芯褖薪芯 懈蟹 谢械褌懈褖邪褌邪 薪邪 袪肖, 屑芯屑褔械褌邪褌邪 褋邪 蟹邪泻芯锌邪胁邪薪懈 褌邪泄薪芯, 邪 斜谢懈蟹泻懈褌械 懈屑 褋邪 蟹邪锌谢邪褕胁邪薪懈 写邪 屑褗谢褔邪褌...
袧邪锌褉邪胁懈 屑懈 胁锌械褔邪褌谢械薪懈械, 薪褟屑邪 懈蟹锌芯胁械写懈 薪邪 屑褗卸械 蟹邪谐褍斜懈谢懈 褋懈薪芯胁械褌械 褋懈 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪. 小褗褖芯 褌邪泻邪, 褔械 懈 谐芯谢褟屑邪 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈蟹泻邪蟹邪薪芯褌芯 褋械 锌褉懈锌芯泻褉懈胁邪, 胁褋械 械写薪芯 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褋邪 卸懈胁褟谢懈 锌芯 薪褟泻邪泻褗胁 褍卸邪褋褟胁邪褖 泻邪谢褗锌 - 锌褉芯锌邪谐邪薪写邪, 谐谢褍锌芯褋褌, 谢褗卸懈, 卸械褋褌芯泻芯褋褌 懈 邪谢褔薪芯褋褌.
袙 锌芯褋谢械写褋褌胁懈械, 褔邪褋褌 芯褌 懈薪褌械褉胁褞懈褉邪薪懈褌械 锌褉械褋谢械写胁邪褌 褋褗写械斜薪芯 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪褌邪 褋 屑芯褌懈胁邪, 褔械 械 懈蟹芯锌邪褔懈谢邪 懈谢懈 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁懈谢邪 薪械胁械褉薪芯 写褍屑懈褌械 懈屑. 袦邪褌械褉懈邪谢懈褌械 锌芯 写械谢邪褌邪 懈 褉械邪泻褑懈褟褌邪 薪邪 芯斜褖械褋褌胁械薪懈褑懈 懈 锌褉械褋邪褌邪 褋邪 胁泻谢褞褔械薪懈 胁 泻褉邪褟 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袧懈泻芯泄 懈 薪懈泻芯谐邪 薪褟屑邪 写邪 褋褗写懈 芯斜邪褔械 胁懈薪芯胁薪懈褑懈褌械 蟹邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪 懈 蟹邪 褏懈谢褟写懈褌械 褍薪懈褖芯卸械薪懈 懈 褉邪蟹锌懈谢械薪懈 褋褗写斜懈, 屑邪泻邪褉 懈屑械薪邪褌邪 懈 写谢褗卸薪芯褋褌懈褌械 懈屑 写邪 褋邪 芯斜褖芯懈蟹胁械褋褌薪懈...
孝褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 锌褉芯褔械褌械, 屑邪泻邪褉 懈 写邪 械 屑薪芯谐芯 褌褉褍写薪芯, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 蟹薪邪械...
笑懈褌邪褌懈:
"袙褋懈褔泻芯 械 褟褋薪芯 - 胁芯械薪械薪 褋芯褑懈邪谢懈蟹褗屑, 胁芯械薪薪邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪, 胁芯械薪薪芯 屑懈褋谢械薪械."
"小褗胁械褌褋泻懈褟褌 胁芯泄薪懈泻 械 薪邪泄-械胁褌懈薪懈褟褌 胁芯泄薪懈泻."
"袗 写芯 薪械芯褌写邪胁薪邪 斜褟褏屑械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袦芯卸械 懈 写邪 薪械 褋屑械 斜懈谢懈, 薪芯 褋邪屑懈 褋械 褋褔懈褌邪褏屑械 蟹邪 褌邪泻邪胁邪. 袟邪褉邪写懈 褉邪泻械褌懈褌械, 褌邪薪泻芯胁械褌械, 邪褌芯屑薪懈褌械 斜芯屑斜懈." - 褌芯胁邪 械 褌芯 褌褉邪谐械写懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褋褗胁械褌褋泻懈褌械 褏芯褉邪, 蟹邪胁械褖邪谢懈 褋邪 褟 懈 薪邪 懈写薪懈褌械 锌芯泻芯谢械薪懈褟. 袗 胁褋懈褔泻芯 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 锌褉芯褋褌芯 蟹邪 芯褋屑懈褋谢褟薪械 - 薪褟屑邪 泻邪泻 写邪 褌械 芯斜懈褔邪褌 懈 褍胁邪卸邪胁邪褌, 邪泻芯 褉邪蟹褔懈褌邪褕 械写懈薪褋褌胁械薪芯 薪邪 褋懈谢邪褌邪 薪邪 芯褉褗卸懈械褌芯 褋懈...
P.S. 袩芯 褌械屑邪褌邪 - 锌褉械锌芯褉褗褔胁邪屑 "袚褉褍蟹 200" 薪邪 褉械卸懈褋褜芯褉邪 袘邪谢邪斜邪薪芯胁, 锌芯褌褉械褋邪胁邪褖 褎懈谢屑 械!
袟邪屑懈薪邪胁邪薪械: 锌褍褕械褔薪芯褌芯 屑械褋芯 芯褌懈胁邪 写邪 懈蟹锌褗谢薪褟胁邪 褋胁芯褟 "懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪" 写褗谢谐, "写邪 褋褌褉芯褟褌 锌褗褌懈褖邪, 斜芯谢薪懈褑懈 懈 褍褔懈谢懈褖邪"...
袟邪胁褉褗褖邪薪械: 芯褎懈褑懈邪谢薪芯, 薪邪写 15 000 屑谢邪写械卸懈 褋械 胁褉褗褖邪褌 胁 小小小袪 褌邪泻邪, 薪邪泄-褔械褋褌芯 芯斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹械薪懈 懈 胁 薪邪褋懈锌薪芯 褋褗褋褌芯褟薪懈械. 袙械褉芯褟褌薪芯 褋邪 褍斜懈褌懈 写械褋械褌泻懈 褏懈谢褟写懈 锌芯胁械褔械, 写懈泻褌邪褌褍褉懈褌械 胁懈薪邪谐懈 谢褗卸邪褌 懈 泻褉懈褟褌 写芯褉懈 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪懈褌械 褋懈 卸械褉褌胁懈, 胁 褍卸 锌芯斜械写芯薪芯褋薪懈褌械 懈屑 胁芯泄薪懈鈥�
May 17, 2014
I remember back in the '70s having to sit through long presentations regarding the Soviet Union and the military might thereof. These briefings were given by American military personnel and the general theme was that the Soviet Union was an evil empire, armed to the teeth. It seemed that they had endless munitions and hordes of personnel under arms, all of whom wanted our stuff. They had no stuff in the Soviet Union, we were told, and they would be coveting our stuff, which we had in abundance. Some of this propaganda had a grain of truth in it: the Soviets were starved for consumer goods and they did have a lot of men under arms, but the weaponry was outdated and defective and the soldiery reluctant and usually coerced into service. And while there was a shortage of consumer goods, even the most fashion-conscious was unlikely to risk death for a pair of jeans. Somehow the people doing the briefings neglected to mention that part. In short, while the Soviet Union had enough punch to mess the world up considerably, they were extremely unlikely to start anything, military bombast notwithstanding.
After the "invasion" of Afghanistan, I recall even more anti-Soviet propaganda. One US-based military magazine sought donations to purchase ammo for the mujahidin. If I recall correctly, the slogan was "Kill a commie for Mommy" or some such blather. I have often wondered if anyone ever contributed and, if so, whether any of the contribution actually made it to Afghanistan. I guess what I'm getting at with all of this preamble is that we were pretty much brainwashed into an intense dislike of all things Soviet.
This book is the result of many personal interviews the author conducted with returned soldiers and civilians and also with the next of kin of those who were returned in zinc coffins, or zinky boys as they became known. Alexievich has managed to put a human face on the Soviet soldier for me, and I have come to realize that soldiers are soldiers the world over. Our governments start wars, and governments legislate soldiers into action whether the soldier likes it or not.
In the case of the Russians, many of them were told that their intervention in Afghanistan prevented the takeover of the country by the USA, which was on the point of invading. Many soldiers were told they were being airlifted to some other destination, only to find themselves in Afghanistan when the plane touched down. Some volunteered for the job, as the bazaars in Afghanistan had more consumer goods than the Soviet shops. Ponder that for a moment; a backwater like Afghanistan having more produce than your home country!
Life was hard for these soldiers. The Soviet army turned a blind eye to the constant hazing and abuse of recruits. New soldiers were routinely robbed and beaten by the older soldiers or "grandfathers". An excerpt from a soldier's letter home:
"Mum, buy me a puppy and call it Sergeant so I can kill it when I get home." (p.46)
Even the female civilian employees were not free from abuse. They volunteered for service; some for patriotic reasons, some for the extra pay, and yet others for the shopping opportunities. Whatever their motivation, they were universally assumed to have come hunting for men. Sadly, many of them felt a need to take on a man as protection against the predations of others. Better one devil you know than many you don't.
Alexeivich has really been able to express the anguish and heartache of those who came back to a country that was so neglectful that Afghanistan casualties, Zinky Boys, were not allowed to be buried in the same section of a cemetery, like they were a collective dirty secret. I won't even go into the sense of loss and betrayal expressed by grieving mothers who were never given adequate details regarding the death of their respective children. In spite of this, the reaction to the author's work was mixed, and I leave you with this final quote from a call she received:
"Who needs your dreadful truth? I don't want to know it!!! You want to buy your own glory at the expense of our sons' blood. They were heroes, heroes, heroes! They should have beautiful books written about them, and you're turning them into mincemeat" (p.187)
After the "invasion" of Afghanistan, I recall even more anti-Soviet propaganda. One US-based military magazine sought donations to purchase ammo for the mujahidin. If I recall correctly, the slogan was "Kill a commie for Mommy" or some such blather. I have often wondered if anyone ever contributed and, if so, whether any of the contribution actually made it to Afghanistan. I guess what I'm getting at with all of this preamble is that we were pretty much brainwashed into an intense dislike of all things Soviet.
This book is the result of many personal interviews the author conducted with returned soldiers and civilians and also with the next of kin of those who were returned in zinc coffins, or zinky boys as they became known. Alexievich has managed to put a human face on the Soviet soldier for me, and I have come to realize that soldiers are soldiers the world over. Our governments start wars, and governments legislate soldiers into action whether the soldier likes it or not.
In the case of the Russians, many of them were told that their intervention in Afghanistan prevented the takeover of the country by the USA, which was on the point of invading. Many soldiers were told they were being airlifted to some other destination, only to find themselves in Afghanistan when the plane touched down. Some volunteered for the job, as the bazaars in Afghanistan had more consumer goods than the Soviet shops. Ponder that for a moment; a backwater like Afghanistan having more produce than your home country!
Life was hard for these soldiers. The Soviet army turned a blind eye to the constant hazing and abuse of recruits. New soldiers were routinely robbed and beaten by the older soldiers or "grandfathers". An excerpt from a soldier's letter home:
"Mum, buy me a puppy and call it Sergeant so I can kill it when I get home." (p.46)
Even the female civilian employees were not free from abuse. They volunteered for service; some for patriotic reasons, some for the extra pay, and yet others for the shopping opportunities. Whatever their motivation, they were universally assumed to have come hunting for men. Sadly, many of them felt a need to take on a man as protection against the predations of others. Better one devil you know than many you don't.
Alexeivich has really been able to express the anguish and heartache of those who came back to a country that was so neglectful that Afghanistan casualties, Zinky Boys, were not allowed to be buried in the same section of a cemetery, like they were a collective dirty secret. I won't even go into the sense of loss and betrayal expressed by grieving mothers who were never given adequate details regarding the death of their respective children. In spite of this, the reaction to the author's work was mixed, and I leave you with this final quote from a call she received:
"Who needs your dreadful truth? I don't want to know it!!! You want to buy your own glory at the expense of our sons' blood. They were heroes, heroes, heroes! They should have beautiful books written about them, and you're turning them into mincemeat" (p.187)
December 3, 2016
鈥�鈥�"賲丕匕丕 賮賴賲鬲 賴賳丕賰 責
廿賳 丕賱禺賷乇 賱賳 賷賳鬲氐乇 兀亘丿丕賸 .. 賵丕賱卮乇 賱丕 賷鬲賳丕賯氐 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲.
丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賰丕卅賳 賮馗賷毓 .. 賵丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 噩賲賷賱丞.
丕賱賮賲 賲賲賱賵亍 亘丕賱乇賲賱 丿丕卅賲丕賸 .. 賵賱丕 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰賱丕賲."
鈥�鈥�"廿賳賴 賱卮賷亍 賲禺賷賮 兀賳 賷乇丿 匕賰乇 丕賱噩賲丕賱 .. 丕賱賲賵鬲 賵丕賱噩賲丕賱!"鈥�
鈥�
鈥�鈥�"兀賳丕 賱爻鬲 賮賷 丨丕噩丞 廿賱賶 丕賱賲噩丿. 賳丨賳 賳乇賷丿 丕賱丨賷丕丞貙 賮賴匕賴 鬲毓丕丿賱 丕賱兀賵爻賲丞 賰賱賴丕". "賱賲丕匕丕 賳賯鬲賱責 賵賱賲丕匕丕 賷賯鬲賱賵賳賳丕責"
丕賱兀賮馗毓 賲賳 亘賷賳 賰賱 丕賱卮乇賵乇貙 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 兀丿丕丞 賱賱爻丨賯貙 丌賱丞賸 賮賷 賷丿 丕賱胤丕睾賷丞 .. 賷丿賲乇 亘賰貙 賷卮乇丿貙 賷賯鬲賱 .. 孬賲 賱丕 鬲丿乇賷 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賲丕 賰賱 賴匕丕 丕賱丿賲丕乇 丕賱匕賷
兀賱丨賯鬲賴 亘丕賱丌禺乇賷賳貙 賵賲鬲賶貙 賵賰賷賮 ... 賵賱賲丕匕丕 鬲賲 亘賵丨卮賷丞賺 丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱賰 .. !
鈥�鈥�賰賱 丕賱匕賷賳 毓丕丿賵丕 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 毓丕丿賵丕 賲禺鬲賱賮賷賳貙 鬲鬲卮丕亘賴 丕賱兀爻賲丕亍 賵賷禺鬲賱賮 賰賱鈥� 卮賷亍 !!
賱賲丕匕丕 賷乇爻賱 丕賱丕鬲丨丕丿 禺賷乇丞 兀亘賳丕卅賴 責!
賵賷賵賴賲賴賲 亘賳賵乇 丕賱賲噩丿 賵賴丕賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲毓馗賷賲 .. 賵賴賲 賷毓賵丿賵賳 賰爻丕乇賶 賲丨胤賲賷賳 .. 賲丕鬲鬲 乇睾亘鬲賴賲 賮賷 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賲賳 兀賵賱 賷賵賲 賵胤兀鬲 兀賯丿丕賲賴賲 丨賲賶 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 賵丨鬲賶 丌禺乇 乇氐丕氐丞 亘賯賷鬲 卮丕賴丿丞 毓賱賶 賰賱 丕賱噩乇丕卅賲 賵毓賱賶 丕賱睾亘丕乇 丕賱賲鬲胤丕賷乇 禺賱賮 賳鬲丕賳丞 賲丕 鬲亘賯賶 賲賳 爻賵丕丿 !
賲賳 毓丕丿 賲賲賳 毓丕丿 賮賴賵 賱賷爻 廿賱丕 噩孬丞 鬲鬲賳賮爻貙 賵賮賷 賰賱 賲賵囟毓 賲賳 噩爻丿賴丕 睾乇夭丞 賮賷 丕賱乇賵丨 鬲卅賳 賵鬲亘賰賷 賮賷 馗賱丕賲 丕賱毓賵丿丞 毓賱賶 馗賱丕賲 丕賱毓匕丕亘 ...
賱賲 賷氐賱賵丕 廿賱賶 爻丕丨賱 丕賱賳囟噩 亘毓丿.. 兀賵 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱鬲賮賰賷乇 賮賷 孬賲賳 丕賱禺胤賵丞 丕賱兀賵賱賶 !
賰丕賳賵丕 囟丨丕賷丕賸 兀賰孬乇 賮丿丕丨丞 賮賷 丕賱丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱 賵兀賰孬乇 鬲賱賵孬丕賸 賲賳 丕賱丿丕禺賱 毓賳 囟丨丕賷丕 丕賱亘賱丿 !
丿賲購賶 賷丨乇賰賴丕 丕賱丨丕賰賲 亘禺賷胤 乇賮賷毓 .. 賵賷乇爻賱賴丕 廿賱丕 丨賷孬 賷乇賷丿 賵亘丕賱毓賲賱貙 賵乇丿丞
丕賱賮毓賱貙 賵丕賱丨賲丕賯丞 丕賱鬲賷 賷乇賷丿賴丕.
鈥�鈥�
"賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰"貨 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱賲賵鬲 賵爻賱亘 丕賱廿乇丕丿丞貙 乇氐丕氐丕鬲 丕賱賲丿賮毓賷丞貙 賵乇卮丕卮 丕賱爻賷丿貙 賯匕丕卅賮 賲賵噩賴丞 賵賯賳丕亘賱 賲賵賯賵鬲賴 ... 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱乇氐丕氐 賵丕賱丨丿賷丿貙 賵丕賱鬲丕亘賵鬲.
乇爻丕卅賱 .. 賲賳 賯賱亘 丕賱丨丿孬貙 丌賱丕賲 丨賷丞 .. 爻胤乇鬲賴丕 賷丿 丕賱氐丨賮賷丞 丕賱乇賵爻賷丞 "爻賷賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕" 賵噩毓賱鬲賴丕 鬲賳亘囟 亘丕賱禺賵賮貙 賵賷毓鬲氐乇賴丕 丕賱賵丨卮丞 賵丕賱賯賱賯 賵乇賷丕丨 丕賱賴賲 丕賱亘丕睾賷丞貙 賱賳乇賶 丕賱賳夭賮 亘賱賵賳 丕賱丿賲 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷 賱丕 亘賱賵賳賴 丕賱賮丕鬲丨 丕賱賮丕鬲乇 丕賱匕賷 賷卮亘賴 丿賲丕亍 丕賱賲賲孬賱賷賳 賵賰匕亘 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 賮賵賯 丕賱賲爻乇丨.
乇賵丕賷丞 賵孬丕卅賯賷丞貙 亘賱 睾氐丞 賵孬丕卅賯賷丞 賵丨乇賵賮 賲孬賯賱丞 亘丕賱丿賲貙 賵丕賱夭賮乇丕鬲貙 賵丿賲賵毓
丕賱丨乇亘.
鈥�鈥�
賴賵丕亍 丕賱丨乇亘 賲賱賵孬丞貙 賲賷丕賴賴丕 賵胤毓丕賲賴丕 賰匕賱賰貙 賵乇亘賲丕 兀賷囟丕賸 毓賯賵賱 兀氐丨丕亘賴丕 ..
賲賳 賷丿乇賷 責! ...
廿賳 丕賱禺賷乇 賱賳 賷賳鬲氐乇 兀亘丿丕賸 .. 賵丕賱卮乇 賱丕 賷鬲賳丕賯氐 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賱賲.
丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賰丕卅賳 賮馗賷毓 .. 賵丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 噩賲賷賱丞.
丕賱賮賲 賲賲賱賵亍 亘丕賱乇賲賱 丿丕卅賲丕賸 .. 賵賱丕 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰賱丕賲."
鈥�鈥�"廿賳賴 賱卮賷亍 賲禺賷賮 兀賳 賷乇丿 匕賰乇 丕賱噩賲丕賱 .. 丕賱賲賵鬲 賵丕賱噩賲丕賱!"鈥�
鈥�
鈥�鈥�"兀賳丕 賱爻鬲 賮賷 丨丕噩丞 廿賱賶 丕賱賲噩丿. 賳丨賳 賳乇賷丿 丕賱丨賷丕丞貙 賮賴匕賴 鬲毓丕丿賱 丕賱兀賵爻賲丞 賰賱賴丕". "賱賲丕匕丕 賳賯鬲賱責 賵賱賲丕匕丕 賷賯鬲賱賵賳賳丕責"
丕賱兀賮馗毓 賲賳 亘賷賳 賰賱 丕賱卮乇賵乇貙 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 兀丿丕丞 賱賱爻丨賯貙 丌賱丞賸 賮賷 賷丿 丕賱胤丕睾賷丞 .. 賷丿賲乇 亘賰貙 賷卮乇丿貙 賷賯鬲賱 .. 孬賲 賱丕 鬲丿乇賷 亘毓丿 匕賱賰 賲丕 賰賱 賴匕丕 丕賱丿賲丕乇 丕賱匕賷
兀賱丨賯鬲賴 亘丕賱丌禺乇賷賳貙 賵賲鬲賶貙 賵賰賷賮 ... 賵賱賲丕匕丕 鬲賲 亘賵丨卮賷丞賺 丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱賰 .. !
鈥�鈥�賰賱 丕賱匕賷賳 毓丕丿賵丕 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 毓丕丿賵丕 賲禺鬲賱賮賷賳貙 鬲鬲卮丕亘賴 丕賱兀爻賲丕亍 賵賷禺鬲賱賮 賰賱鈥� 卮賷亍 !!
賱賲丕匕丕 賷乇爻賱 丕賱丕鬲丨丕丿 禺賷乇丞 兀亘賳丕卅賴 責!
賵賷賵賴賲賴賲 亘賳賵乇 丕賱賲噩丿 賵賴丕賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲毓馗賷賲 .. 賵賴賲 賷毓賵丿賵賳 賰爻丕乇賶 賲丨胤賲賷賳 .. 賲丕鬲鬲 乇睾亘鬲賴賲 賮賷 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賲賳 兀賵賱 賷賵賲 賵胤兀鬲 兀賯丿丕賲賴賲 丨賲賶 丕賱賲毓乇賰丞 賵丨鬲賶 丌禺乇 乇氐丕氐丞 亘賯賷鬲 卮丕賴丿丞 毓賱賶 賰賱 丕賱噩乇丕卅賲 賵毓賱賶 丕賱睾亘丕乇 丕賱賲鬲胤丕賷乇 禺賱賮 賳鬲丕賳丞 賲丕 鬲亘賯賶 賲賳 爻賵丕丿 !
賲賳 毓丕丿 賲賲賳 毓丕丿 賮賴賵 賱賷爻 廿賱丕 噩孬丞 鬲鬲賳賮爻貙 賵賮賷 賰賱 賲賵囟毓 賲賳 噩爻丿賴丕 睾乇夭丞 賮賷 丕賱乇賵丨 鬲卅賳 賵鬲亘賰賷 賮賷 馗賱丕賲 丕賱毓賵丿丞 毓賱賶 馗賱丕賲 丕賱毓匕丕亘 ...
賱賲 賷氐賱賵丕 廿賱賶 爻丕丨賱 丕賱賳囟噩 亘毓丿.. 兀賵 賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱鬲賮賰賷乇 賮賷 孬賲賳 丕賱禺胤賵丞 丕賱兀賵賱賶 !
賰丕賳賵丕 囟丨丕賷丕賸 兀賰孬乇 賮丿丕丨丞 賮賷 丕賱丕爻鬲睾賱丕賱 賵兀賰孬乇 鬲賱賵孬丕賸 賲賳 丕賱丿丕禺賱 毓賳 囟丨丕賷丕 丕賱亘賱丿 !
丿賲購賶 賷丨乇賰賴丕 丕賱丨丕賰賲 亘禺賷胤 乇賮賷毓 .. 賵賷乇爻賱賴丕 廿賱丕 丨賷孬 賷乇賷丿 賵亘丕賱毓賲賱貙 賵乇丿丞
丕賱賮毓賱貙 賵丕賱丨賲丕賯丞 丕賱鬲賷 賷乇賷丿賴丕.
鈥�鈥�
"賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰"貨 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱賲賵鬲 賵爻賱亘 丕賱廿乇丕丿丞貙 乇氐丕氐丕鬲 丕賱賲丿賮毓賷丞貙 賵乇卮丕卮 丕賱爻賷丿貙 賯匕丕卅賮 賲賵噩賴丞 賵賯賳丕亘賱 賲賵賯賵鬲賴 ... 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱乇氐丕氐 賵丕賱丨丿賷丿貙 賵丕賱鬲丕亘賵鬲.
乇爻丕卅賱 .. 賲賳 賯賱亘 丕賱丨丿孬貙 丌賱丕賲 丨賷丞 .. 爻胤乇鬲賴丕 賷丿 丕賱氐丨賮賷丞 丕賱乇賵爻賷丞 "爻賷賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕" 賵噩毓賱鬲賴丕 鬲賳亘囟 亘丕賱禺賵賮貙 賵賷毓鬲氐乇賴丕 丕賱賵丨卮丞 賵丕賱賯賱賯 賵乇賷丕丨 丕賱賴賲 丕賱亘丕睾賷丞貙 賱賳乇賶 丕賱賳夭賮 亘賱賵賳 丕賱丿賲 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷 賱丕 亘賱賵賳賴 丕賱賮丕鬲丨 丕賱賮丕鬲乇 丕賱匕賷 賷卮亘賴 丿賲丕亍 丕賱賲賲孬賱賷賳 賵賰匕亘 丕賱賲爻乇丨賷丕鬲 賮賵賯 丕賱賲爻乇丨.
乇賵丕賷丞 賵孬丕卅賯賷丞貙 亘賱 睾氐丞 賵孬丕卅賯賷丞 賵丨乇賵賮 賲孬賯賱丞 亘丕賱丿賲貙 賵丕賱夭賮乇丕鬲貙 賵丿賲賵毓
丕賱丨乇亘.
鈥�鈥�
賴賵丕亍 丕賱丨乇亘 賲賱賵孬丞貙 賲賷丕賴賴丕 賵胤毓丕賲賴丕 賰匕賱賰貙 賵乇亘賲丕 兀賷囟丕賸 毓賯賵賱 兀氐丨丕亘賴丕 ..
賲賳 賷丿乇賷 責! ...
May 19, 2022
LA TOCCANTE TESTIMONIANZA SULL'AFGHANISTAN
Aleksievic da voce a coloro che non sono mai stati sentiti, ai combattenti sovietici in Afganistan (i cosiddetti afgancy), ma anche alle infermiere e impiegate e alle madri di chi 猫 stato inviato l脿 tra il 1979 e il 1989. Atrocit脿 terribili, sofferenza per chi se n鈥櫭� andato, propaganda imbevuta di patriottismo e barre di zinco che non potevano essere aperte dai familiari di chi moriva in combattimento.
Un segreto di stato come molti altri nell鈥橴nione Sovietica, anzi, ancora pi霉 perfido e subdolo, che ha distrutto intere famiglie mai risarcite, mai ascoltate. Una guerra voluta dai vertici politici sovietici di quel periodo, senza alcun senso, dispendiosa, inutile 鈥� in cui morirono pi霉 di 20 000 e ne rimasero feriti 50 000, tra i sovietici, ma anche mezzo milione di afgani!
Ecco allora cos鈥檈ra questa 鈥済rande causa internazionalista e patriottica鈥� di cui si parlava nei giornali in Unione Sovietica, senza mai ammettere ufficialmente che si trattava di una guerra vera e propria. Non si potr脿 mai sapere com鈥櫭� stata davvero la guerra dai libri di storia. Le testimonianze orali di chi l鈥檋a vissuta, invece, sulla propria pelle, sono qualcosa di prezioso e da conoscere assolutamente.
A pensare, poi, che dal 2001 ad oggi in Afganistan ancora si combatte鈥�
UPDATE: non pi霉, ma la situazione 猫 ancor peggiore.
Aleksievic da voce a coloro che non sono mai stati sentiti, ai combattenti sovietici in Afganistan (i cosiddetti afgancy), ma anche alle infermiere e impiegate e alle madri di chi 猫 stato inviato l脿 tra il 1979 e il 1989. Atrocit脿 terribili, sofferenza per chi se n鈥櫭� andato, propaganda imbevuta di patriottismo e barre di zinco che non potevano essere aperte dai familiari di chi moriva in combattimento.
Un segreto di stato come molti altri nell鈥橴nione Sovietica, anzi, ancora pi霉 perfido e subdolo, che ha distrutto intere famiglie mai risarcite, mai ascoltate. Una guerra voluta dai vertici politici sovietici di quel periodo, senza alcun senso, dispendiosa, inutile 鈥� in cui morirono pi霉 di 20 000 e ne rimasero feriti 50 000, tra i sovietici, ma anche mezzo milione di afgani!
Ecco allora cos鈥檈ra questa 鈥済rande causa internazionalista e patriottica鈥� di cui si parlava nei giornali in Unione Sovietica, senza mai ammettere ufficialmente che si trattava di una guerra vera e propria. Non si potr脿 mai sapere com鈥櫭� stata davvero la guerra dai libri di storia. Le testimonianze orali di chi l鈥檋a vissuta, invece, sulla propria pelle, sono qualcosa di prezioso e da conoscere assolutamente.
A pensare, poi, che dal 2001 ad oggi in Afganistan ancora si combatte鈥�
UPDATE: non pi霉, ma la situazione 猫 ancor peggiore.
September 7, 2016
I could not and still cannot read this book for more than 10 pages at a time. I put it down, wipe my tears, walk around the house a few times, and get back to it with some wariness. One of my friends/students once said to me, "Never, never teach a class on Afghanistan without this book." Or for that matter on war.
The love of a mother for her son (and sometimes daughter) has never, for me, been so strongly conveyed as in this book. The fear and idealism of the soldier never opened up so carefully, so delicately, so warmly, so precisely. The collective delusions of a society never conveyed so irresistibly as tides, as a gravity that pulls everyone to tragedy, to the inevitable implosion of one's naivete, towards one's desire to be find out that one is indeed a fool, a loving fool, but a fool.
That these are soviet soldiers speaking about their experience in Afghanistan brings home the significance of this book in elliptical ways. The indirectness of the blows Aleksievich delivers compound their deft, deadly, efficiency. Through the particular the universal speaks. And, as it speaks it carries itself to and through another particular. The Soviets and the USAers -- twins.
Read this book and be changed. Read it again and again be changed. Read it a third time and ask yourself if we do not discover our humanity by tragedy alone.
A good film to watch as a companion to this book: The Thin Red Line (1998)
The love of a mother for her son (and sometimes daughter) has never, for me, been so strongly conveyed as in this book. The fear and idealism of the soldier never opened up so carefully, so delicately, so warmly, so precisely. The collective delusions of a society never conveyed so irresistibly as tides, as a gravity that pulls everyone to tragedy, to the inevitable implosion of one's naivete, towards one's desire to be find out that one is indeed a fool, a loving fool, but a fool.
That these are soviet soldiers speaking about their experience in Afghanistan brings home the significance of this book in elliptical ways. The indirectness of the blows Aleksievich delivers compound their deft, deadly, efficiency. Through the particular the universal speaks. And, as it speaks it carries itself to and through another particular. The Soviets and the USAers -- twins.
Read this book and be changed. Read it again and again be changed. Read it a third time and ask yourself if we do not discover our humanity by tragedy alone.
A good film to watch as a companion to this book: The Thin Red Line (1998)
October 16, 2016
鈥庁官嗀呚� 賯賷賱 賱賷 亘兀賳 賴匕賴 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 鬲氐賳賾賮 賰乇賵丕賷丞 氐丨賮賷賾丞貙 鬲禺賷賱鬲 亘兀賳賾賳賷 爻兀賯乇兀 乇賷亘賵乇鬲丕噩賸丕 兀丿亘賷賸丕 賮賷賴 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賲賱賱 賵丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賵亘毓囟 丕賱賲鬲毓丞 賵丕賱鬲卮賵賷賯 賰"禺亘乇 丕禺鬲胤丕賮" 賱賲丕乇賰賷夭貙 賵賱賰賳賳賷 賵噩丿鬲 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賲賱 賲禺鬲賱賮賸丕 毓賳 兀賷丞 乇賵丕賷丞 氐丨賮賷丞 爻亘賯 賱賷 賯乇丕亍鬲賴丕 兀賵 丕賱賯乇丕亍丞 毓賳賴丕.
鈥庁傎堎� "爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賷賮賷鬲卮"貙 丕賱賮丕卅夭丞 亘噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賱賱丌丿丕亘 毓丕賲 佗贍佟佶貙 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丕賱鬲賯丕胤 氐賵乇丞 賮賵鬲賵睾乇丕賮賷丞 (亘丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲) 賱賱卮賾毓賵乇 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷 賱賱賮乇丿 賮賷 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賱賷爻 丕賱丨丿孬 .. 兀賷 丨丿孬 丕賱丨乇亘 賳賮爻賴.
鈥庂堎囐嗀� 亘丕賱囟亘胤 賷禺鬲賱賮 毓賲賱賴丕 毓賳 毓賲賱 丕賱賲丐乇禺賷賳貙 賰賲丕 鬲賯賵賱貙 賱兀賳賾賴丕 鬲丐乇賾禺 賱兀卮賷丕亍 賱丕 鬲鬲乇賰 毓丕丿丞 兀孬乇賸丕. 賮賮賷 丨賷賳 鬲賳鬲賯賱 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱賰亘乇賶 廿賱賶 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵鬲購禺賱賾丿 賮賷賴 廿賱賶 丕賱兀亘丿貙 賳噩丿 兀賳賾 丕賱兀賲賵乇 丕賱氐睾賷乇丞貙 賱賰賳賾賴丕 丕賱乇卅賷爻丞 亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 廿賱賶 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳貙 鬲禺鬲賮賷 丿賵賳 兀賳 鬲禺賱賾賮 賵乇丕亍賴丕 兀孬乇賸丕 賷購匕賰乇.
鈥庂堎勜百勝� 丨賲賱鬲 毓賱賶 毓丕鬲賯賴丕 賲爻丐賵賱賷丞 "鬲賯賱賷氐 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丨鬲賶 賷亘賱睾 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賵賱丕 賷賰鬲賮賷 亘丕賱兀丨丿丕孬!"
鈥庂呝勜ж肛� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賮賷 賲丨賱賴丕貙 賵賷亘丿賵 兀賳 丕賱賲賵囟賵毓 賱丕 毓賱丕賯丞 賱賴 亘丕賱鬲兀乇賷禺 毓賳丿 丕賱毓乇亘 賵丨丿賴賲 賰賲丕 賰賳鬲 兀毓鬲賯丿貙 亘賱 賴賵 賲賵囟賵毓 鬲卮鬲乇賰 賮賷賴 噩賲賷毓 丕賱兀賲賲. 毓賵丿賵丕 廿賱賶 兀賲賴丕鬲 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱丿賷賳丕 賵爻鬲噩丿賵賳 亘兀賳賴丕 賰鬲亘 鬲丐乇禺 賱賱賲賱賵賰 賵丕賱兀賲乇丕亍 賵賲賲丕賱賰賴賲 賵丨乇賵亘賴賲 賵丨賲丕賯丕鬲賴賲 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賱丕 鬲鬲胤乇賯 亘鬲丕鬲賸丕 廿賱賶 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱鬲賷 丨賰賲賴丕 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱賲賱賵賰貙 賵毓丕卮賵丕 賮賷 鬲賱賰 丕賱賲賲丕賱賰貙 賵禺丕囟賵丕 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇賵亘貙 賵鬲毓乇囟賵丕 賱鬲賱賰 丕賱丨賲丕賯丕鬲.
鈥庁ベ� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 鬲賰鬲亘 鬲丕乇賷禺賸丕 噩丿賷丿賸丕貙 兀亘胤丕賱賴 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷賷賳 賱賷爻賵丕 丕賱賲賱賵賰 賵丨乇賵亘賴賲 賵丨賲丕賯丕鬲賴賲貙 亘賱 丕賱賳丕爻 賵兀丨丕爻賷爻賴賲 賵賲毓丕賳丕鬲賴賲!
鈥庁з勜娯� 亘丕賱匕賰乇貙 兀賳 鬲兀孬賷乇 丕賱丨乇亘 賵丌孬丕乇賴丕 丕賱賲丿賲乇丞 賱丕 鬲賯鬲氐乇 毓賱賶 丕賱賲卮丕乇賰賷賳 賮賷賴丕貙 噩賱丕丿賷賳 賰丕賳賵丕 兀賲 囟丨丕賷丕貙 賯鬲賱丞 兀賲 賯鬲賱賶貙 亘賱 賷賲鬲丿 賱賷卮賲賱 賰匕賱賰 賰賱 賲賳 賷丨丕賵賱 丕賱丕賯鬲乇丕亘 賲賳賴丕 賵賱賵 毓賳 胤乇賷賯 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳賴丕貙 賰賲丕 丨丿孬 賱賲丐賱賮丞 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰.
鈥庁傎堎� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 :
鈥�"賷賵噩丿 賱丿賶 賰賱 廿賳爻丕賳 廿丨鬲賷丕胤賷 賲賳 丕賱賯丿乇丞 毓賱賶 鬲丨賲賱 丕賱兀賱賲貙 丕賱噩爻丿賷 賵丕賱賳賮爻賷貙 賱賰賳賴 賳賮丿 賱丿賷 賲賳匕 賵賯鬲 亘毓賷丿"
鈥庁迟佡娯勜з嗀� 丕賱鬲賷 鬲禺氐氐鬲 兀賵 亘丕賱兀丨乇賶 禺氐氐鬲 噩夭亍賸丕 賰亘賷乇賸丕 賲賳 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘賷丞 賮賷 鬲賵孬賷賯 賲丌爻賷 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 兀氐賷亘鬲 亘毓丿 賰鬲丕亘丞 "賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 氐賵鬲 兀賳孬賵賷" 亘賮賵亘賷丕 賲賳 丕賱丿賲貙 賮賱賲 鬲毓丿 鬲鬲丨賲賱 乇丐賷丞 賵噩賴 胤賮賱 賷賳夭賮 賮賲賴貙 兀賵 乇丐賷丞 丕賱兀爻賲丕賰 丕賱鬲賷 賷賱賯賷賴丕 丕賱氐賷丕丿賷賳 亘毓丿 氐賷丿賴丕貙 廿匕 賰丕賳鬲 毓賷賵賳賴丕 丕賱噩丕丨馗丞 賵丕賱噩丕賲丿丞 鬲爻亘亘 賱賴丕 卮毓賵乇賸丕 亘丕賱禺賵賮 丕賱匕賷 賱丕 胤丕賯丞 賱賴丕 亘賴!
鈥庁必ㄙ呚� 鬲賰賵賳 賰賱賲丞 "賲爻鬲賲鬲毓" 睾賷乇 賲賱丕卅賲丞 賱賵氐賮 丨丕賱鬲賷 丕賱卮毓賵乇賷丞 賲毓 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱匕賷 賲賳丨 賱兀賵賱 賲乇丞 氐賵鬲賸丕 賱賱賲賯賴賵乇賷賳貙 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賮毓賱丕賸 賲鬲毓丞 兀賳 鬲賯乇兀 毓賲賱丕賸 賷毓乇賷 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷丞 鬲賲丕賲賸丕 賵賷賮囟丨 毓賷賵亘賴丕 丿賵賳 禺噩賱賺 兀賵 丨賷丕亍!
鈥庁傎堎� "爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賷賮賷鬲卮"貙 丕賱賮丕卅夭丞 亘噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賱賱丌丿丕亘 毓丕賲 佗贍佟佶貙 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丕賱鬲賯丕胤 氐賵乇丞 賮賵鬲賵睾乇丕賮賷丞 (亘丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲) 賱賱卮賾毓賵乇 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷 賱賱賮乇丿 賮賷 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賱賷爻 丕賱丨丿孬 .. 兀賷 丨丿孬 丕賱丨乇亘 賳賮爻賴.
鈥庂堎囐嗀� 亘丕賱囟亘胤 賷禺鬲賱賮 毓賲賱賴丕 毓賳 毓賲賱 丕賱賲丐乇禺賷賳貙 賰賲丕 鬲賯賵賱貙 賱兀賳賾賴丕 鬲丐乇賾禺 賱兀卮賷丕亍 賱丕 鬲鬲乇賰 毓丕丿丞 兀孬乇賸丕. 賮賮賷 丨賷賳 鬲賳鬲賯賱 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱賰亘乇賶 廿賱賶 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵鬲購禺賱賾丿 賮賷賴 廿賱賶 丕賱兀亘丿貙 賳噩丿 兀賳賾 丕賱兀賲賵乇 丕賱氐睾賷乇丞貙 賱賰賳賾賴丕 丕賱乇卅賷爻丞 亘丕賱賳爻亘丞 廿賱賶 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳貙 鬲禺鬲賮賷 丿賵賳 兀賳 鬲禺賱賾賮 賵乇丕亍賴丕 兀孬乇賸丕 賷購匕賰乇.
鈥庂堎勜百勝� 丨賲賱鬲 毓賱賶 毓丕鬲賯賴丕 賲爻丐賵賱賷丞 "鬲賯賱賷氐 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 丨鬲賶 賷亘賱睾 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賵賱丕 賷賰鬲賮賷 亘丕賱兀丨丿丕孬!"
鈥庂呝勜ж肛� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賮賷 賲丨賱賴丕貙 賵賷亘丿賵 兀賳 丕賱賲賵囟賵毓 賱丕 毓賱丕賯丞 賱賴 亘丕賱鬲兀乇賷禺 毓賳丿 丕賱毓乇亘 賵丨丿賴賲 賰賲丕 賰賳鬲 兀毓鬲賯丿貙 亘賱 賴賵 賲賵囟賵毓 鬲卮鬲乇賰 賮賷賴 噩賲賷毓 丕賱兀賲賲. 毓賵丿賵丕 廿賱賶 兀賲賴丕鬲 賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賱丿賷賳丕 賵爻鬲噩丿賵賳 亘兀賳賴丕 賰鬲亘 鬲丐乇禺 賱賱賲賱賵賰 賵丕賱兀賲乇丕亍 賵賲賲丕賱賰賴賲 賵丨乇賵亘賴賲 賵丨賲丕賯丕鬲賴賲 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賱丕 鬲鬲胤乇賯 亘鬲丕鬲賸丕 廿賱賶 丕賱卮毓賵亘 丕賱鬲賷 丨賰賲賴丕 賴丐賱丕亍 丕賱賲賱賵賰貙 賵毓丕卮賵丕 賮賷 鬲賱賰 丕賱賲賲丕賱賰貙 賵禺丕囟賵丕 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇賵亘貙 賵鬲毓乇囟賵丕 賱鬲賱賰 丕賱丨賲丕賯丕鬲.
鈥庁ベ� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 鬲賰鬲亘 鬲丕乇賷禺賸丕 噩丿賷丿賸丕貙 兀亘胤丕賱賴 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷賷賳 賱賷爻賵丕 丕賱賲賱賵賰 賵丨乇賵亘賴賲 賵丨賲丕賯丕鬲賴賲貙 亘賱 丕賱賳丕爻 賵兀丨丕爻賷爻賴賲 賵賲毓丕賳丕鬲賴賲!
鈥庁з勜娯� 亘丕賱匕賰乇貙 兀賳 鬲兀孬賷乇 丕賱丨乇亘 賵丌孬丕乇賴丕 丕賱賲丿賲乇丞 賱丕 鬲賯鬲氐乇 毓賱賶 丕賱賲卮丕乇賰賷賳 賮賷賴丕貙 噩賱丕丿賷賳 賰丕賳賵丕 兀賲 囟丨丕賷丕貙 賯鬲賱丞 兀賲 賯鬲賱賶貙 亘賱 賷賲鬲丿 賱賷卮賲賱 賰匕賱賰 賰賱 賲賳 賷丨丕賵賱 丕賱丕賯鬲乇丕亘 賲賳賴丕 賵賱賵 毓賳 胤乇賷賯 丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 毓賳賴丕貙 賰賲丕 丨丿孬 賱賲丐賱賮丞 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰.
鈥庁傎堎� 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 :
鈥�"賷賵噩丿 賱丿賶 賰賱 廿賳爻丕賳 廿丨鬲賷丕胤賷 賲賳 丕賱賯丿乇丞 毓賱賶 鬲丨賲賱 丕賱兀賱賲貙 丕賱噩爻丿賷 賵丕賱賳賮爻賷貙 賱賰賳賴 賳賮丿 賱丿賷 賲賳匕 賵賯鬲 亘毓賷丿"
鈥庁迟佡娯勜з嗀� 丕賱鬲賷 鬲禺氐氐鬲 兀賵 亘丕賱兀丨乇賶 禺氐氐鬲 噩夭亍賸丕 賰亘賷乇賸丕 賲賳 丨賷丕鬲賴丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘賷丞 賮賷 鬲賵孬賷賯 賲丌爻賷 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 兀氐賷亘鬲 亘毓丿 賰鬲丕亘丞 "賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 氐賵鬲 兀賳孬賵賷" 亘賮賵亘賷丕 賲賳 丕賱丿賲貙 賮賱賲 鬲毓丿 鬲鬲丨賲賱 乇丐賷丞 賵噩賴 胤賮賱 賷賳夭賮 賮賲賴貙 兀賵 乇丐賷丞 丕賱兀爻賲丕賰 丕賱鬲賷 賷賱賯賷賴丕 丕賱氐賷丕丿賷賳 亘毓丿 氐賷丿賴丕貙 廿匕 賰丕賳鬲 毓賷賵賳賴丕 丕賱噩丕丨馗丞 賵丕賱噩丕賲丿丞 鬲爻亘亘 賱賴丕 卮毓賵乇賸丕 亘丕賱禺賵賮 丕賱匕賷 賱丕 胤丕賯丞 賱賴丕 亘賴!
鈥庁必ㄙ呚� 鬲賰賵賳 賰賱賲丞 "賲爻鬲賲鬲毓" 睾賷乇 賲賱丕卅賲丞 賱賵氐賮 丨丕賱鬲賷 丕賱卮毓賵乇賷丞 賲毓 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丕賱匕賷 賲賳丨 賱兀賵賱 賲乇丞 氐賵鬲賸丕 賱賱賲賯賴賵乇賷賳貙 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賮毓賱丕賸 賲鬲毓丞 兀賳 鬲賯乇兀 毓賲賱丕賸 賷毓乇賷 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷丞 鬲賲丕賲賸丕 賵賷賮囟丨 毓賷賵亘賴丕 丿賵賳 禺噩賱賺 兀賵 丨賷丕亍!
October 22, 2020
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賴賲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 丕賱匕賷賳 毓丕丿賵丕 廿賱賶 匕賵賷賴賲 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲睾賱賯丞 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰貙 鬲購乇爻賱 賯胤毓丞 丕賱禺乇丿丞 鬲賱賰 廿賱賶 丕賱兀賲 賵賷購賯丕賱 賱賴丕 锟斤拷匕丕 丕亘賳賰賽 .. 賷購賲賳毓 毓賱賷賴丕 賮鬲丨 丕賱鬲丕亘賵鬲 賵賵丿丕毓賴貙 賷購賲賳毓 賲毓乇賮丞 賰賷賮 賲丕鬲 賮賴匕賴 兀爻乇丕乇 丨乇亘賷丞!
賲丕 夭丕賱 賷丿賵賾賷 賮賷 乇兀爻賷 乇噩毓 氐丿賶 氐賵鬲 廿丨丿賶 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 賵賴賷 鬲賯賵賱 賱賴賲 丕亘賳賷 賷亘賱睾 賲鬲乇丕賳 胤賵賱丕賸貙 賰賷賮 賱賴匕丕 丕賱氐賳丿賵賯 丕賱賲爻禺 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕亘賳賷 責!
毓丕丿丞賸 賲丕 兀賲鬲賳毓 毓賳 鬲賯賷賷賲 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱賲亘賳賷丞 毓賱賶 兀丨丿丕孬 丨賯賷賯賷丞 丕丨鬲乇丕賲丕賸 賱賯丿爻賷丞 丨賷丕丞 兀氐丨丕亘賴丕貙 兀賲丕 賴匕賴 丕賱賲乇丞 賮賰丕賳鬲 丕賱禺賲爻丞 賳噩賵賲 胤乇賷賯鬲賷 賮賷 賯賵賱 " 丕賯乇丐賵丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 " ..
丕賯乇丐賵丕 賰賱 賲丕 賰鬲亘鬲 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賵亘禺丕氐丞賸 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘.
丕賯乇丐賵丕 賱鬲毓乇賮賵丕 賲丕 賴賷 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賲丕 鬲賮毓賱 亘丕賱廿賳爻丕賳貙 亘賰賱 廿賳爻丕賳貨 丕賱亘毓賷丿 毓賳賴丕 賵丕賱賯乇賷亘.
賮賱賷賯乇兀 賰賱 賲賳 賷亘乇乇 丕賱賯鬲賱 鬲丨鬲 兀賷 賲爻賲賶貙 賵胤賳賷 兀賵 丿賷賳賷 兀賵 睾賷乇賴..
賮賱賷賯锟斤拷兀 賱賷毓乇賮 兀賳 丕賱卮毓丕乇丕鬲 兀賰亘乇 賰匕亘丞 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞貙 賵兀賳賴 賵賲賳 賷爻賲賶 " 毓丿賵賾賴 " 賲賳 胤賷賳丞 賵丕丨丿丞貙 賵兀賳 賰賱 賲丕 毓丿丕 賰賷賳賵賳丞 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱賮乇丿 賰匕亘丞貙 賵兀賳 丕賱賱丨賲 賵丕賱丿賲 賴賲丕 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞.
賱賽賷賯乇兀 賱賷賮賴賲 兀賳 丕賱兀賵胤丕賳 賱丕 鬲卮賷賾丿 亘丕賱爻賱丕丨貙 賵丕賱毓丿丕賱丞 賱丕 鬲賯賵賲 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賲丕亍貙 賵丕賱丨賯 賱賷爻 廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲賳鬲氐乇.
賵兀毓乇賮 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 兀賳 兀丨丿丕賸 賲賲賳 鬲毓賳賷賴 賴匕賴 丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲 賱賳 賷賯乇兀.
賵賱丕 夭丕賱 丕賱亘丨孬 丕賱賲爻鬲丨賷賱 噩丕乇賷丕賸 毓賳 廿賳爻丕賳 賷丨夭賳 毓賱賶 丕賱賯鬲賷賱 賲賳 兀賷 胤乇賮 賰丕賳貙 賵毓賳 廿賳爻丕賳 賷賯賮 廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲馗賱賵賲 丿賵賳 賲毓乇賮丞 賱兀賷 賲匕賴亘 賷賳鬲賲賷貙 賵毓賳 兀賲 鬲丿乇賰 兀賳 賲賳 賲丕鬲 毓賱賶 賷丿 丕亘賳賴丕 賴賵 丕亘賳 兀賲 兀禺乇賶 兀賷囟丕賸貙 賵兀賳 丕賱賮丕噩毓丞 賵丕丨丿丞.
" 丕賱賲賷鬲 賱丕 賷賳鬲賲賷 廿賱賶 兀丨丿貙 賱賲 鬲毓丿 鬲亘丿賵 毓賱賶 賵噩賴賴 爻賲丕鬲 丕賱丨賯丿. "
賵兀禺賷乇丕賸 .. 兀賱賷爻 賲賳 爻禺乇賷丞 丕賱兀賯丿丕乇 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 兀賮囟賱 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 賯乇兀鬲賴丕 賴賷 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨賰賷 丕賱丨乇亘 責 賴賱 兀賴乇亘 賲賳 丕賱賵丕賯毓 廿賱賶 丕賱賵丕賯毓 責!
賲丕 夭丕賱 賷丿賵賾賷 賮賷 乇兀爻賷 乇噩毓 氐丿賶 氐賵鬲 廿丨丿賶 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 賵賴賷 鬲賯賵賱 賱賴賲 丕亘賳賷 賷亘賱睾 賲鬲乇丕賳 胤賵賱丕賸貙 賰賷賮 賱賴匕丕 丕賱氐賳丿賵賯 丕賱賲爻禺 兀賳 賷賰賵賳 丕亘賳賷 責!
毓丕丿丞賸 賲丕 兀賲鬲賳毓 毓賳 鬲賯賷賷賲 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱賲亘賳賷丞 毓賱賶 兀丨丿丕孬 丨賯賷賯賷丞 丕丨鬲乇丕賲丕賸 賱賯丿爻賷丞 丨賷丕丞 兀氐丨丕亘賴丕貙 兀賲丕 賴匕賴 丕賱賲乇丞 賮賰丕賳鬲 丕賱禺賲爻丞 賳噩賵賲 胤乇賷賯鬲賷 賮賷 賯賵賱 " 丕賯乇丐賵丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 " ..
丕賯乇丐賵丕 賰賱 賲丕 賰鬲亘鬲 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賵亘禺丕氐丞賸 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘.
丕賯乇丐賵丕 賱鬲毓乇賮賵丕 賲丕 賴賷 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賲丕 鬲賮毓賱 亘丕賱廿賳爻丕賳貙 亘賰賱 廿賳爻丕賳貨 丕賱亘毓賷丿 毓賳賴丕 賵丕賱賯乇賷亘.
賮賱賷賯乇兀 賰賱 賲賳 賷亘乇乇 丕賱賯鬲賱 鬲丨鬲 兀賷 賲爻賲賶貙 賵胤賳賷 兀賵 丿賷賳賷 兀賵 睾賷乇賴..
賮賱賷賯锟斤拷兀 賱賷毓乇賮 兀賳 丕賱卮毓丕乇丕鬲 兀賰亘乇 賰匕亘丞 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱亘卮乇賷丞貙 賵兀賳賴 賵賲賳 賷爻賲賶 " 毓丿賵賾賴 " 賲賳 胤賷賳丞 賵丕丨丿丞貙 賵兀賳 賰賱 賲丕 毓丿丕 賰賷賳賵賳丞 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱賮乇丿 賰匕亘丞貙 賵兀賳 丕賱賱丨賲 賵丕賱丿賲 賴賲丕 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞.
賱賽賷賯乇兀 賱賷賮賴賲 兀賳 丕賱兀賵胤丕賳 賱丕 鬲卮賷賾丿 亘丕賱爻賱丕丨貙 賵丕賱毓丿丕賱丞 賱丕 鬲賯賵賲 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賲丕亍貙 賵丕賱丨賯 賱賷爻 廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲賳鬲氐乇.
賵兀毓乇賮 鬲賲丕賲丕賸 兀賳 兀丨丿丕賸 賲賲賳 鬲毓賳賷賴 賴匕賴 丕賱賰賱賲丕鬲 賱賳 賷賯乇兀.
賵賱丕 夭丕賱 丕賱亘丨孬 丕賱賲爻鬲丨賷賱 噩丕乇賷丕賸 毓賳 廿賳爻丕賳 賷丨夭賳 毓賱賶 丕賱賯鬲賷賱 賲賳 兀賷 胤乇賮 賰丕賳貙 賵毓賳 廿賳爻丕賳 賷賯賮 廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱賲馗賱賵賲 丿賵賳 賲毓乇賮丞 賱兀賷 賲匕賴亘 賷賳鬲賲賷貙 賵毓賳 兀賲 鬲丿乇賰 兀賳 賲賳 賲丕鬲 毓賱賶 賷丿 丕亘賳賴丕 賴賵 丕亘賳 兀賲 兀禺乇賶 兀賷囟丕賸貙 賵兀賳 丕賱賮丕噩毓丞 賵丕丨丿丞.
" 丕賱賲賷鬲 賱丕 賷賳鬲賲賷 廿賱賶 兀丨丿貙 賱賲 鬲毓丿 鬲亘丿賵 毓賱賶 賵噩賴賴 爻賲丕鬲 丕賱丨賯丿. "
賵兀禺賷乇丕賸 .. 兀賱賷爻 賲賳 爻禺乇賷丞 丕賱兀賯丿丕乇 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 兀賮囟賱 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 賯乇兀鬲賴丕 賴賷 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨賰賷 丕賱丨乇亘 責 賴賱 兀賴乇亘 賲賳 丕賱賵丕賯毓 廿賱賶 丕賱賵丕賯毓 責!
August 4, 2019
螝维胃慰渭伪喂 蟺位维喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蟿维蠁慰... 螤蔚蟻谓维蔚喂 渭喂伪 渭畏蟿苇蟻伪 渭蔚 蟿慰 蟺伪喂未委 蟿畏蟼 魏伪喂 蟿畏谓 伪魏慰蠉蠅 谓伪 位苇蔚喂:
"螠伪 蟿喂 渭维谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蠀蟿萎; 螤蠅蟼 渭蟺蠈蟻蔚蟽蔚 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰蠀蟼 魏伪喂蟻慰蠉蟼 谓伪 伪蠁萎蟽蔚喂 蟿畏 渭慰谓伪蠂慰魏蠈蟻畏 蟿畏蟼 谓伪 蟺维蔚喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺蠈位蔚渭慰;" 危蟿畏谓 蟿伪蠁蠈蟺位伪魏伪 蔚委谓伪喂 纬蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰: "螕喂伪 蟿畏 渭慰谓伪蠂慰魏蠈蟻畏 渭慰蠀".
螠伪 蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰位渭慰蠉谓 伪蠀蟿慰委 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂; 螘委蠂蔚 未蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰谓 蠈蟻魏慰, 萎蟿伪谓 尾慰畏胃蠈蟼 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蠀蟻纬慰蠉, 苇谓伪蟼 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蠀蟻纬蠈蟼 蔚委蠂蔚 蠁喂位萎蟽蔚喂 蟿伪 蠂苇蟻喂伪 蟿畏蟼. 螇蟿伪谓 蟽蟿慰 螒蠁纬伪谓喂蟽蟿维谓 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟽蠋蟽蔚喂 魏蠈蟽渭慰, 蟿慰蠀蟼 纬喂慰蠉蟼 伪蠀蟿蠋谓 蟿蠅谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺蠅谓!
螁谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂, 蠁蠅谓维味蠅 渭苇蟽伪 渭慰蠀, 渭畏 蠁蔚蠉纬蔚蟿蔚! 危蟿伪胃蔚委蟿蔚 渭伪味委 渭慰蠀 蟺位维喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蟿维蠁慰. 螠畏 渭蔚 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿蔚 渭蠈谓畏...
螇胃蔚位伪 谓伪 萎尉蔚蟻伪 蟿喂 蟽魏苇蠁蟿慰谓蟿伪喂 伪蠀蟿慰委 慰喂 渭蔚纬维位慰喂 蔚纬魏苇蠁伪位慰喂 蔚魏蔚委 蟽蟿伪 蠀蟺慰蠀蟻纬蔚委伪 蟺伪喂未蔚委伪蟼 魏伪喂 未蔚谓 蔚喂蟽维纬慰蠀谓 维渭蔚蟽伪 伪蠀蟿蠈 萎 苇蟽蟿蠅 伪谓蟿委蟽蟿慰喂蠂伪 尾喂尾位委伪 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚魏蟺伪委未蔚蠀蟽畏 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪喂未喂蠋谓 渭伪蟼.
螤蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏维, 蟺慰喂慰蟼 谓慰萎渭蠅谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 胃伪 蔚委蠂蔚 慰蟺慰喂伪未萎蟺慰蟿蔚 未喂维胃蔚蟽畏 谓伪 尾蟻蔚胃蔚委/蔚渭蟺位伪魏蔚委/蟺蟻慰魏伪位苇蟽蔚喂 蟺蠈位蔚渭慰 渭蔚蟿维 伪蟺蠈 苇谓伪 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽渭伪?
螒位位维 蔚渭蔚委蟼 蟺蔚蟻喂渭苇谓慰蠀渭蔚 谓伪 蟺蔚蟻维蟽慰蠀谓 100 蠂蟻蠈谓喂伪 谓伪 蟽喂蟿苇蠄蔚喂 蟺蟻蠋蟿伪 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 魏伪位维 魏伪喂 渭蔚蟿维 尾位苇蟺慰蠀渭蔚.
螌蟽慰 纬喂伪 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 伪蠀蟿蠈 魏伪胃 蔚伪蠀蟿蠈, 伪蟺位蠋蟼 蔚蟺喂蟿蟻苇蠄蟿蔚 渭慰蠀 谓伪 蠂蟻畏蟽喂渭慰蟺慰喂萎蟽蠅 渭喂伪 蠁蟻维蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚委未伪 蟽蔚 苇谓伪 维位位慰 review 蔚未蠋 蟽蟿慰 欧宝娱乐: "Read this book and be changed".
螣喂 蟽蟿蟻伪蟿喂蠋蟿蔚蟼 蠁蠋谓伪味伪谓 "螠伪渭维!", 蠈蟺慰蟿蔚 蟿伪 蟺蟻维纬渭伪蟿伪 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蟿苇蟻蔚蠀伪谓, 蠈蟿伪谓 慰喂 蟺蠈谓慰喂 纬喂谓蠈蟿伪谓 伪蠁蠈蟻畏蟿慰喂. 螖蔚谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 维魏慰蠀蟽伪 蟺慰蟿苇 谓伪 蠁蠅谓维味慰蠀谓 魏维蟺慰喂慰谓 维位位慰谓.
"螠伪 蟿喂 渭维谓伪 蔚委谓伪喂 伪蠀蟿萎; 螤蠅蟼 渭蟺蠈蟻蔚蟽蔚 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰蠀蟼 魏伪喂蟻慰蠉蟼 谓伪 伪蠁萎蟽蔚喂 蟿畏 渭慰谓伪蠂慰魏蠈蟻畏 蟿畏蟼 谓伪 蟺维蔚喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蟺蠈位蔚渭慰;" 危蟿畏谓 蟿伪蠁蠈蟺位伪魏伪 蔚委谓伪喂 纬蟻伪渭渭苇谓慰: "螕喂伪 蟿畏 渭慰谓伪蠂慰魏蠈蟻畏 渭慰蠀".
螠伪 蟺蠅蟼 蟿慰位渭慰蠉谓 伪蠀蟿慰委 慰喂 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂; 螘委蠂蔚 未蠋蟽蔚喂 蟿慰谓 蠈蟻魏慰, 萎蟿伪谓 尾慰畏胃蠈蟼 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蠀蟻纬慰蠉, 苇谓伪蟼 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蠀蟻纬蠈蟼 蔚委蠂蔚 蠁喂位萎蟽蔚喂 蟿伪 蠂苇蟻喂伪 蟿畏蟼. 螇蟿伪谓 蟽蟿慰 螒蠁纬伪谓喂蟽蟿维谓 纬喂伪 谓伪 蟽蠋蟽蔚喂 魏蠈蟽渭慰, 蟿慰蠀蟼 纬喂慰蠉蟼 伪蠀蟿蠋谓 蟿蠅谓 伪谓胃蟻蠋蟺蠅谓!
螁谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰喂, 蠁蠅谓维味蠅 渭苇蟽伪 渭慰蠀, 渭畏 蠁蔚蠉纬蔚蟿蔚! 危蟿伪胃蔚委蟿蔚 渭伪味委 渭慰蠀 蟺位维喂 蟽蟿慰谓 蟿维蠁慰. 螠畏 渭蔚 伪蠁萎谓蔚蟿蔚 渭蠈谓畏...
螇胃蔚位伪 谓伪 萎尉蔚蟻伪 蟿喂 蟽魏苇蠁蟿慰谓蟿伪喂 伪蠀蟿慰委 慰喂 渭蔚纬维位慰喂 蔚纬魏苇蠁伪位慰喂 蔚魏蔚委 蟽蟿伪 蠀蟺慰蠀蟻纬蔚委伪 蟺伪喂未蔚委伪蟼 魏伪喂 未蔚谓 蔚喂蟽维纬慰蠀谓 维渭蔚蟽伪 伪蠀蟿蠈 萎 苇蟽蟿蠅 伪谓蟿委蟽蟿慰喂蠂伪 尾喂尾位委伪 蟽蟿畏谓 蔚魏蟺伪委未蔚蠀蟽畏 蟿蠅谓 蟺伪喂未喂蠋谓 渭伪蟼.
螤蟻伪纬渭伪蟿喂魏维, 蟺慰喂慰蟼 谓慰萎渭蠅谓 维谓胃蟻蠅蟺慰蟼 胃伪 蔚委蠂蔚 慰蟺慰喂伪未萎蟺慰蟿蔚 未喂维胃蔚蟽畏 谓伪 尾蟻蔚胃蔚委/蔚渭蟺位伪魏蔚委/蟺蟻慰魏伪位苇蟽蔚喂 蟺蠈位蔚渭慰 渭蔚蟿维 伪蟺蠈 苇谓伪 蟿苇蟿慰喂慰 伪谓维纬谓蠅蟽渭伪?
螒位位维 蔚渭蔚委蟼 蟺蔚蟻喂渭苇谓慰蠀渭蔚 谓伪 蟺蔚蟻维蟽慰蠀谓 100 蠂蟻蠈谓喂伪 谓伪 蟽喂蟿苇蠄蔚喂 蟺蟻蠋蟿伪 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 魏伪位维 魏伪喂 渭蔚蟿维 尾位苇蟺慰蠀渭蔚.
螌蟽慰 纬喂伪 蟿慰 尾喂尾位委慰 伪蠀蟿蠈 魏伪胃 蔚伪蠀蟿蠈, 伪蟺位蠋蟼 蔚蟺喂蟿蟻苇蠄蟿蔚 渭慰蠀 谓伪 蠂蟻畏蟽喂渭慰蟺慰喂萎蟽蠅 渭喂伪 蠁蟻维蟽畏 蟺慰蠀 蔚委未伪 蟽蔚 苇谓伪 维位位慰 review 蔚未蠋 蟽蟿慰 欧宝娱乐: "Read this book and be changed".
螣喂 蟽蟿蟻伪蟿喂蠋蟿蔚蟼 蠁蠋谓伪味伪谓 "螠伪渭维!", 蠈蟺慰蟿蔚 蟿伪 蟺蟻维纬渭伪蟿伪 蠂蔚喂蟻慰蟿苇蟻蔚蠀伪谓, 蠈蟿伪谓 慰喂 蟺蠈谓慰喂 纬喂谓蠈蟿伪谓 伪蠁蠈蟻畏蟿慰喂. 螖蔚谓 蟿慰蠀蟼 维魏慰蠀蟽伪 蟺慰蟿苇 谓伪 蠁蠅谓维味慰蠀谓 魏维蟺慰喂慰谓 维位位慰谓.
October 2, 2021
The Enduring Shame of War
War is a nightmare. It remains a nightmare longest for those soldiers who have survived it. The truth is that they don鈥檛 survive it, they re-live it one way or another for the rest of their lives. And what they re-live is exactly what all combat soldiers do: the utter absurdity of what they have accomplished.
So this book, although written in 1990 reporting the thoughts, memories and regrets of young Russian soldiers and surviving family members, female civilian employees and nurses who were assigned to Afghanistan, is indistinguishable from the reported experiences of American young men in VietNam twenty years before or of the British and American soldiers who followed the Russians into Afghanistan thirty years later. Roughly a half-century of experience of violent death. This experience is always the same for the grunts who do the shooting and diving for cover, and who suffer from the fear and discomfort of patrols, outposts, and missions that they know are not only dangerous but also ill-founded and useless.
And the personal consequences for these soldiers are virtually identical: alienation from family and friends, drug addiction, psychotic episodes, psycho-somatic disabilities, and a host of other maladies generally known as PTSD. It has become clear that every front-line combatant suffers deeply and permanently from the experiences of killing, being the constant target of killing, and the witnessing of comrades being killed and maimed. The Russians put the situation succinctly:
But there is something else that is now also becoming evident. The most enduring effects of combat may not be in the soldiers but in the societies to which they and the bodies of their colleagues return. The introduction to the book is by a veteran of the American War in VietNam who was part of the interviewing process among the Russians. He is very clear about the central commonality between his comrades and the young Russians:
Warfare destroys the fabric of the society that undertakes it. The hundreds of thousands, indeed millions, of disillusioned young men who have been through combat experience and return carry with them this sense of betrayal. They may hesitate to talk about their experiences of death, privation, and suffering. But this betrayal is unavoidably communicated to spouses, family and friends. They are the vectors for a social virus which is unstoppable. Neither the absurd restrictions imposed by the Soviets about discussion of military experience, nor the equally absurd propaganda by the US government about the national duty to stop communism could halt the spread of suspicion that the real enemy is the government.
That the Russian war in Afghanistan was a precipitating factor in the fall of the Soviet state, I think is unquestionable. That the American war in VietNam started a significant if less drastic change in American politics beginning with the Reagan administration and subtly spreading at state level is also likely. That the American wars in Iraq and Afghanistan contributed to the breakdown of traditional political party positions in America and the eventual elevation of Trump and his divisiveness is explicit. Wars kill more than people. War destroys trust in organisations and institutions far removed from the battlefield. War demands deceit within the nation that pursues it.
But the deceit involved in war goes even deeper than governmental and military lies, distortions and cover-ups. All of these recent wars were popular in the sense that there was wide-spread public support for their prosecution. In each the stated motivations and objectives were noble: to free, to protect, to build, to develop. Families were proud to send their sons to do their patriotic duty. Everyone was re-assured by the statements of political leaders that military involvement was both necessary and essentially short-term. When the facts of the case emerged, it was clear that the public had been duped. Or rather, they had duped themselves through their naive confidence in largely vacuous concepts like justified warfare, theories of strategic vulnerability, the evil of socialism (or capitalism). They, not their governments were the real culprits. They didn鈥檛 just allow war, they promoted it.
Shame is an overpowering emotion. The testimony of soldiers is literally shameful in a population that knows it has erred grievously. The public response to soldiers returning from VietNam was exactly the same as for the Russians returning from Afghanistan - shame. The soldiers were the scapegoats for that shame but it resided in those who mocked them, blamed them, accused them, and ignored them. And this shame has a cultural half-life longer than the generation alive during the conflict.
Shame, because it is so unbearable, gets passed along surreptitiously. And it shows up in a sort of self-hatred of the kind visible in America and Russia at the moment. They cannot admit to their own monstrously bad behaviour. So they turn on each other and create diversionary issues - abortion rights, immigration horrors, budget deficits - to avoid confronting the shame.
So the shame lingers and festers. Given an opportunity it provokes the need to demonstrate confidence, bravado, to mask its presence. And the process of war begins its cycle once again. As a Russian artillery officer put the situation: 鈥淥ur children will grow up and deny their fathers ever fought in Afghanistan.鈥� But those children will probably be sent to fight somewhere else.
War is a nightmare. It remains a nightmare longest for those soldiers who have survived it. The truth is that they don鈥檛 survive it, they re-live it one way or another for the rest of their lives. And what they re-live is exactly what all combat soldiers do: the utter absurdity of what they have accomplished.
So this book, although written in 1990 reporting the thoughts, memories and regrets of young Russian soldiers and surviving family members, female civilian employees and nurses who were assigned to Afghanistan, is indistinguishable from the reported experiences of American young men in VietNam twenty years before or of the British and American soldiers who followed the Russians into Afghanistan thirty years later. Roughly a half-century of experience of violent death. This experience is always the same for the grunts who do the shooting and diving for cover, and who suffer from the fear and discomfort of patrols, outposts, and missions that they know are not only dangerous but also ill-founded and useless.
And the personal consequences for these soldiers are virtually identical: alienation from family and friends, drug addiction, psychotic episodes, psycho-somatic disabilities, and a host of other maladies generally known as PTSD. It has become clear that every front-line combatant suffers deeply and permanently from the experiences of killing, being the constant target of killing, and the witnessing of comrades being killed and maimed. The Russians put the situation succinctly:
鈥溾€� in order to experience the horror you have to remember it and get used to it. Within two or three weeks there鈥檚 nothing left of the old you except your name. You鈥檝e become someone else鈥� It鈥檚 a total transformation, it happens very quickly, and to practically everyone鈥� everyone鈥檚 damaged in some way, no one escapes intact.鈥�
But there is something else that is now also becoming evident. The most enduring effects of combat may not be in the soldiers but in the societies to which they and the bodies of their colleagues return. The introduction to the book is by a veteran of the American War in VietNam who was part of the interviewing process among the Russians. He is very clear about the central commonality between his comrades and the young Russians:
鈥溾€� of all the comparisons between the American GIs who fought in Vietnam and the young Soviets who fought in Afghanistan, perhaps the most remarkable and consistent is their bitterness towards their governments. Both groups of men feel profoundly betrayed, and it is having been lied to that most sticks in the craw.鈥�
Warfare destroys the fabric of the society that undertakes it. The hundreds of thousands, indeed millions, of disillusioned young men who have been through combat experience and return carry with them this sense of betrayal. They may hesitate to talk about their experiences of death, privation, and suffering. But this betrayal is unavoidably communicated to spouses, family and friends. They are the vectors for a social virus which is unstoppable. Neither the absurd restrictions imposed by the Soviets about discussion of military experience, nor the equally absurd propaganda by the US government about the national duty to stop communism could halt the spread of suspicion that the real enemy is the government.
That the Russian war in Afghanistan was a precipitating factor in the fall of the Soviet state, I think is unquestionable. That the American war in VietNam started a significant if less drastic change in American politics beginning with the Reagan administration and subtly spreading at state level is also likely. That the American wars in Iraq and Afghanistan contributed to the breakdown of traditional political party positions in America and the eventual elevation of Trump and his divisiveness is explicit. Wars kill more than people. War destroys trust in organisations and institutions far removed from the battlefield. War demands deceit within the nation that pursues it.
But the deceit involved in war goes even deeper than governmental and military lies, distortions and cover-ups. All of these recent wars were popular in the sense that there was wide-spread public support for their prosecution. In each the stated motivations and objectives were noble: to free, to protect, to build, to develop. Families were proud to send their sons to do their patriotic duty. Everyone was re-assured by the statements of political leaders that military involvement was both necessary and essentially short-term. When the facts of the case emerged, it was clear that the public had been duped. Or rather, they had duped themselves through their naive confidence in largely vacuous concepts like justified warfare, theories of strategic vulnerability, the evil of socialism (or capitalism). They, not their governments were the real culprits. They didn鈥檛 just allow war, they promoted it.
Shame is an overpowering emotion. The testimony of soldiers is literally shameful in a population that knows it has erred grievously. The public response to soldiers returning from VietNam was exactly the same as for the Russians returning from Afghanistan - shame. The soldiers were the scapegoats for that shame but it resided in those who mocked them, blamed them, accused them, and ignored them. And this shame has a cultural half-life longer than the generation alive during the conflict.
Shame, because it is so unbearable, gets passed along surreptitiously. And it shows up in a sort of self-hatred of the kind visible in America and Russia at the moment. They cannot admit to their own monstrously bad behaviour. So they turn on each other and create diversionary issues - abortion rights, immigration horrors, budget deficits - to avoid confronting the shame.
So the shame lingers and festers. Given an opportunity it provokes the need to demonstrate confidence, bravado, to mask its presence. And the process of war begins its cycle once again. As a Russian artillery officer put the situation: 鈥淥ur children will grow up and deny their fathers ever fought in Afghanistan.鈥� But those children will probably be sent to fight somewhere else.
February 9, 2017
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰
賳卮乇鬲 賮賷 噩乇賷丿丞 丕賱乇賷丕囟貙 丕賱爻亘鬲 26 賳賵賮賲亘乇 2016
毓賳丿賲丕 匕賴亘鬲 噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賱賱丌丿丕亘 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賲 丕賱賲丕囟賷 廿賱賶 氐丨賮賷丞 亘賷賱丕乇賵爻賷丞 鬲丿毓賶 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賳丿乇賵賮賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮貨 兀孬丕乇鬲 賳賯丕卮丕 丨賵賱 丕賳丨乇丕賮 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 賱鬲卮賲賱 丕賱氐丨丕賮丞 賵丕賱丌丿丕亘 丕賱賲鬲賮乇毓丞 賲賳賴丕貙 睾賷乇 兀賳 賮賵夭 賴匕賴 丕賱氐丨賮賷丞 賮鬲丨 賱賱賯乇丕亍 賮賷 賰賱 賲賰丕賳 賮乇氐丞 丕賱鬲毓乇賮 毓賱賶 鬲噩乇亘丞 賮乇賷丿丞 賮賷 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賱廿毓丕丿丞 丕賳鬲丕噩賴 賮賷 賳氐 賵丕賯毓賷 賰賲丕 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕賱氐丕丿乇 毓賳 丿丕乇 賲賲丿賵丨 毓丿賵丕賳 賮賷 368 氐賮丨丞.
亘丿丕賷丞貙 賱賳丕 兀賳 賳匕賰乇 亘兀賳 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賵賱丿鬲 賮賷 賲丿賷賳丞 爻鬲丕賳賷爻賱丕賮賵賮貙 賮賷 兀賵賰乇丕賳賷丕 丕賱爻賵賮賷鬲賷丞 賮賷 31 賲丕賷賵 1948 賲貙 賵丕卮鬲賴乇鬲 亘賰鬲亘賴丕 丕賱賵丕賯毓賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賵孬賯 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 賲賵賳賵賱賵噩丕鬲 賲胤賵賱丞 賯氐氐 囟丨丕賷丕 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賵丕賱賰賵丕乇孬 丕賱賳賵賵賷丞 賮賷 賰賱 賲賳 乇賵爻賷丕 賵兀賵賰乇丕賳賷丕 賵亘賷賱丕乇賵爻賷丕 賵丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳鬲 爻丕亘賯丕賸 噩夭亍賸丕 賲賳 丕賱丕鬲丨丕丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賯亘賱 丕賳賴賷丕乇賴貙 鬲囟賲 賰鬲亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賯氐氐丕賸 賲丐孬乇丞 賱噩賳賵丿 賵胤賷丕乇賷賳 賵賲賵馗賮賷賳 賵毓賲丕賱 賵兀賲賴丕鬲 賵夭賵噩丕鬲 亘賱 賵丨鬲賶 兀胤賮丕賱 賲乇賵丕 亘鬲噩丕乇亘 賲丿賲乇丞 賵亘賯賵丕 賱賷丨賰賵丕 賱賳丕 賯氐氐賴賲 丕賱賲丐賱賲丞.
丨氐賵賱 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 毓賱賶 賴匕賴 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 丕賱賲乇賲賵賯丞 丿賮毓 丨乇賰丞 丕賱鬲乇噩賲丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 廿賱賶 鬲賯丿賷賲 兀毓賲丕賱賴丕 賱賱賯丕乇卅 丕賱毓乇亘賷貙 賴賰匕丕 氐丿乇鬲 禺賱丕賱 丕賱毓丕賲賷賳 2015 賲 賵2016 賲 毓丿丞 鬲乇噩賲丕鬲 賱兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮貙 兀賵賱賴丕 氐丿賵乇 賰鬲丕亘賴丕 "氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱" 毓賳 丿丕乇 胤賵賶 亘鬲乇噩賲丞 賲卮鬲乇賰丞 賲賳 孬丕卅乇 夭賷賳 丕賱丿賷賳 賵賮乇賷丿 丕賱卮丨賮貙 "氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱" 賴賵 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 丕賱孬丕賱孬 丨爻亘 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱氐丿賵乇貙 賵賯丿 乇賰夭鬲 賮賷賴 丕賱賲丐賱賮丞 毓賱賶 鬲賯丿賷賲 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 囟丨丕賷丕 丨丕丿孬丞 丕賳賮噩丕乇 賲賮丕毓賱 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱 丕賱卮賴賷乇丞貙 賵丕賱鬲賷 賵賯毓鬲 賮賷 26 兀亘乇賷賱 1986 賲貙 鬲氐賳賮 丨丕丿孬丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱 毓賱賶 兀賳賴丕 廿丨丿賶 兀爻賵兀 丕賱丨賵丕丿孬 丕賱賳賵賵賷丞 賵賱丕夭丕賱鬲 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲賴丕 丨丕囟乇丞 丨鬲賶 丕賱賷賵賲. 丿丕乇 賲賲丿賵丨 毓丿賵丕賳 賯丿賲鬲 禺賱丕賱 賴匕丕 丕賱毓丕賲 孬賱丕孬 鬲乇噩賲丕鬲 毓賳 胤乇賷賯 丕賱賲鬲乇噩賲 毓亘丿丕賱賱賴 丨亘賴貙 丨賷孬 鬲乇噩賲 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 丕賱兀賵賱 "賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 賵噩賴 兀賳孬賵賷" 賵丕賱匕賷 鬲賯丿賲 賮賷賴 賲卅鬲丕 丕賲乇兀丞 乇賵爻賷丞 卮賴丕丿丕鬲賴賳 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞貙 賵賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丕賱孬丕賳賷 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 賵丕賱匕賷 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 鬲噩丕乇亘 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丕賱乇丕亘毓 "丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿" 賵丕賱匕賷 鬲賯丿賲 賮賷賴 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 兀胤賮丕賱 賮賷 兀夭賲賳丞 丕賱丨乇賵亘. 賮賷 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕禺鬲丕乇鬲 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賱賰鬲丕亘賴丕 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱賲毓亘乇 噩丿丕賸貙 丨賷孬 賰丕賳 丕賱賲賯丕鬲賱賵賳 丕賱兀賲賲賷賵賳 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 賷毓賵丿賵賳 廿賱賶 毓丕卅賱丕鬲賴賲 毓賱賶 睾賷乇 鬲賵賯毓 兀賵 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰貙 禺賱賮鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷丞 賯乇丕亘丞 丕賱爻鬲賷賳 兀賱賮 賯鬲賷賱 賵噩乇賷丨 毓賱賶 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 賮賷 賲賯丕亘賱 賲賱賷賵賳 賯鬲賷賱 賵噩乇賷丨 毓賱賶 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷貙 亘丕賱廿囟丕賮丞 廿賱賶 鬲丿賲賷乇 鬲丕賲 賱兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 賵鬲賴噩賷乇 賱賲賱丕賷賷賳 賲賳 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賱丕夭丕賱 亘毓囟賴賲 賷毓賷卮 賮賷 賲禺賷賲丕鬲 亘丕卅爻丞 賮賷 亘丕賰爻鬲丕賳 丕賱賲噩丕賵乇丞貙 丕爻鬲賲乇 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 鬲爻毓丞 兀毓賵丕賲 丕賲鬲丿鬲 賲賳 1979 賲 賵丨鬲賶 丕賱丕賳爻丨丕亘 爻賳丞 1989 賲貙 賵乇睾賲 賰賱 賴匕丕 賰丕賳鬲 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 丨乇亘丕賸 氐丕賲鬲丞 賮賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 賱賲 賷賰賳 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賷毓賱賲 卮賷卅丕賸 毓賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賰丕賳鬲 丕賱氐丨賮 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 賳丕丿乇丕賸 賲丕 鬲卮賷乇 廿賱賶 賲丕 賷丨丿孬 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵賰丕賳鬲 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 鬲氐乇 毓賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賵噩賵丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賱賷爻 毓爻賰乇賷丕賸 賵廿賳賲丕 賴賵 賱鬲賯丿賷賲 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞 賵丕賱鬲賳賲賷丞 賱丨賰賵賲丞 賵卮毓亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵丨丿賴丕 丕賱毓丕卅賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳 兀亘賳丕丐賴丕 賷毓賵丿賵賳 賮賷 丕賱鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 丕賱夭賳賰賷丞 賲賳 毓乇賮 亘賲丕 賷丨丿孬. 賵鬲賰卮賮 賱賳丕 丕賱賲丐賱賮丞 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 賲鬲毓丿丿丞貙 賰賷賮 夭噩 亘賲賯丕鬲賱賷賳 氐睾丕乇 賮賷 丕賱爻賳貙 鬲禺乇噩賵丕 賱鬲賵賴賲 賲賳 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丕鬲 丕賱毓爻賰乇賷丞 賮賷 丨乇亘 賱丕 賷毓賱賲賵賳 毓賳賴丕 卮賷卅丕賸貙 亘毓囟賴賲 賰丕賳 賷馗賳 兀賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇亘 賱賷爻鬲 廿賱丕 賳夭賴丞 鬲丿乇賷亘賷丞 爻賷毓锟斤拷丿 賲賳賴丕 亘亘毓囟 丕賱賲丕賱 賵亘毓囟 丕賱賲賯鬲賳賷丕鬲 丕賱乇兀爻賲丕賱賷丞 丕賱賲賮賯賵丿丞 賮賷 丕賱賵胤賳貙 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賰丕賳鬲 丨乇亘丕賸 囟乇賵爻丕賸 賱賲 賷毓丿 丕賱亘毓囟 賲賳賴丕貙 賵毓丕丿 丌禺乇賵賳 亘賱丕 兀胤乇丕賮 兀賵 亘匕丕賰乇丞 賲賲鬲賱卅丞 亘賲卮丕賴丿 丕賱賯鬲賱 賵丕賱噩乇丕卅賲 賵丕賱丕賳鬲賴丕賰丕鬲貙 賵賴賵 賲丕 丿賮毓賴賲 廿賱賶 丕賱賰丨賵賱 兀賵 丕賱丕賳鬲丨丕乇 賮乇丕乇丕賸 賲賳 毓匕丕亘丕鬲 丕賱囟賲賷乇 賵匕丕賰乇丞 丕賱丿賲.
鬲毓乇囟鬲 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲 賲鬲毓丿丿丞 亘爻亘亘 賰鬲亘賴丕貙 丨賷孬 丕毓鬲亘乇賴丕 丕賱亘毓囟 賲爻賷卅丞 賱賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵丕賱賵毓賷 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 亘賱 乇賮毓鬲 毓賱賷賴丕 賯囟丕賷丕 賲賳 亘毓囟 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱賱賵丕鬲賷 鬲丨丿孬賳 賱賴丕 毓賳 丌賱丕賲賴賳 賵兀丨夭丕賳賴賳貙 賵毓丿賳 毓賳丿賲丕 賳卮乇 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賷乇賮囟賳 賲丕 賰鬲亘鬲賴 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賲毓鬲亘乇丕鬲 兀賳 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲賴丕 鬲卮賵賴 氐賵乇丞 兀亘賳丕卅賴賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賯鬲賱賵丕 兀亘胤丕賱丕賸 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賮賷 丨賷賳 兀馗賴乇 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 兀賳賴賲 賱賷爻賵丕 賰匕賱賰貙 賵兀賳 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 丨乇亘 毓亘孬賷丞貙 賵兀賳 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 賰丕賳賵丕 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丨丕賱丞 賴賲 丕賱賲毓鬲丿賵賳 毓賱賶 亘賱丿 囟毓賷賮 賵卮毓亘 賷丿丕賮毓 毓賳 兀乇囟賴貙 毓賱賶 毓賰爻 賯鬲賱賶 丕賱噩賷卮 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賮賷 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 丕賱毓馗賲賶 鈥� 丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 賱賱丨乇亘 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞 鈥� 賵丕賱匕賷賳 賷毓鬲亘乇賴賲 丕賱噩賲賷毓 兀亘胤丕賱丕賸貙 丿丕賮毓賵丕 毓賳 兀乇囟賴賲 賵卮毓亘賴賲 兀賲丕賲 丕賱賳丕夭賷賷賳. 賵賱毓賱 賲賳 兀噩賲賱 賲丕 賯丕賱鬲賴 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賮賷 廿丨丿賶 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲貙 賵賴賷 卮賴丕丿鬲賴丕 丕賱鬲賷 賵噩賴鬲賴丕 賱兀賲賴丕鬲 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕賱賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱賲丨賰賲丞 賯賵賱賴丕: "噩卅鬲 賱賰賷 兀鬲亘丕丿賱 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賲毓 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲貙 賵胤賱亘 丕賱賲睾賮乇丞 賲賳賴賳 賱兀賳賴 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 廿賷噩丕丿 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 亘賱丕 兀賱賲貙 賵賷亘賯賶 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賳賮爻賴 丕賱賵丕乇丿 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賷: 賲賳 賳丨賳責 賵賱賲丕匕丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賮毓賱賵丕 亘賳丕 兀賷 卮賷亍責 廿毓丕丿丞 丕賱丕亘賳 廿賱賶 丕賱兀賲 賮賷 鬲丕亘賵鬲 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰貙 賵賲賳 孬賲 廿賯賳丕毓賴丕 亘兀賳 鬲賯賷賲 丿毓賵賶 賮賷 丕賱賲丨賰賲丞 囟丿 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 丕賱鬲賷 賰鬲亘鬲 賰賷賮 兀賳賴丕 鈥撠Ｙ� 丕賱兀賲- 賱賲 鬲爻鬲胤毓 鬲賯亘賷賱 丕亘賳賴丕 賱丌禺乇 賲乇丞 賵睾爻賱賴 亘丕賱兀毓卮丕亘 賵鬲賲爻賷丿 鬲丕亘賵鬲 丕賱夭賳賰貙 賮賲賳 賳丨賳責" 賵賯丕賱鬲: "賲丕 兀賰孬乇 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 賰鬲亘鬲 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘! 賵賲丕 兀賰孬乇 賲丕 氐賳毓 亘兀賷丿賷 丕賱亘卮乇 賵毓賯賵賱賴賲 賲賳 爻賱丕丨! 亘丨賷孬 兀氐亘丨鬲 賮賰乇丞 丕賱賯鬲賱 卮賷卅丕賸 毓丕丿賷丕賸... 賱賰賳賳賷 兀賰乇賴 丕賱丨乇賵亘貙 賵兀賰乇賴 賮賰乇丞 兀賳 賷賲鬲賱賰 兀丨丿 賲丕 丕賱丨賯 賮賷 爻賱亘 丨賷丕丞 廿賳爻丕賳 丌禺乇".
賳卮乇鬲 賮賷 噩乇賷丿丞 丕賱乇賷丕囟貙 丕賱爻亘鬲 26 賳賵賮賲亘乇 2016
毓賳丿賲丕 匕賴亘鬲 噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賱賱丌丿丕亘 賮賷 丕賱毓丕賲 丕賱賲丕囟賷 廿賱賶 氐丨賮賷丞 亘賷賱丕乇賵爻賷丞 鬲丿毓賶 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賳丿乇賵賮賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮貨 兀孬丕乇鬲 賳賯丕卮丕 丨賵賱 丕賳丨乇丕賮 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 賱鬲卮賲賱 丕賱氐丨丕賮丞 賵丕賱丌丿丕亘 丕賱賲鬲賮乇毓丞 賲賳賴丕貙 睾賷乇 兀賳 賮賵夭 賴匕賴 丕賱氐丨賮賷丞 賮鬲丨 賱賱賯乇丕亍 賮賷 賰賱 賲賰丕賳 賮乇氐丞 丕賱鬲毓乇賮 毓賱賶 鬲噩乇亘丞 賮乇賷丿丞 賮賷 丕爻鬲孬賲丕乇 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賱廿毓丕丿丞 丕賳鬲丕噩賴 賮賷 賳氐 賵丕賯毓賷 賰賲丕 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕賱氐丕丿乇 毓賳 丿丕乇 賲賲丿賵丨 毓丿賵丕賳 賮賷 368 氐賮丨丞.
亘丿丕賷丞貙 賱賳丕 兀賳 賳匕賰乇 亘兀賳 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賵賱丿鬲 賮賷 賲丿賷賳丞 爻鬲丕賳賷爻賱丕賮賵賮貙 賮賷 兀賵賰乇丕賳賷丕 丕賱爻賵賮賷鬲賷丞 賮賷 31 賲丕賷賵 1948 賲貙 賵丕卮鬲賴乇鬲 亘賰鬲亘賴丕 丕賱賵丕賯毓賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賵孬賯 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 賲賵賳賵賱賵噩丕鬲 賲胤賵賱丞 賯氐氐 囟丨丕賷丕 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賵丕賱賰賵丕乇孬 丕賱賳賵賵賷丞 賮賷 賰賱 賲賳 乇賵爻賷丕 賵兀賵賰乇丕賳賷丕 賵亘賷賱丕乇賵爻賷丕 賵丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳鬲 爻丕亘賯丕賸 噩夭亍賸丕 賲賳 丕賱丕鬲丨丕丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賯亘賱 丕賳賴賷丕乇賴貙 鬲囟賲 賰鬲亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賯氐氐丕賸 賲丐孬乇丞 賱噩賳賵丿 賵胤賷丕乇賷賳 賵賲賵馗賮賷賳 賵毓賲丕賱 賵兀賲賴丕鬲 賵夭賵噩丕鬲 亘賱 賵丨鬲賶 兀胤賮丕賱 賲乇賵丕 亘鬲噩丕乇亘 賲丿賲乇丞 賵亘賯賵丕 賱賷丨賰賵丕 賱賳丕 賯氐氐賴賲 丕賱賲丐賱賲丞.
丨氐賵賱 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 毓賱賶 賴匕賴 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 丕賱賲乇賲賵賯丞 丿賮毓 丨乇賰丞 丕賱鬲乇噩賲丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 廿賱賶 鬲賯丿賷賲 兀毓賲丕賱賴丕 賱賱賯丕乇卅 丕賱毓乇亘賷貙 賴賰匕丕 氐丿乇鬲 禺賱丕賱 丕賱毓丕賲賷賳 2015 賲 賵2016 賲 毓丿丞 鬲乇噩賲丕鬲 賱兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮貙 兀賵賱賴丕 氐丿賵乇 賰鬲丕亘賴丕 "氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱" 毓賳 丿丕乇 胤賵賶 亘鬲乇噩賲丞 賲卮鬲乇賰丞 賲賳 孬丕卅乇 夭賷賳 丕賱丿賷賳 賵賮乇賷丿 丕賱卮丨賮貙 "氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱" 賴賵 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 丕賱孬丕賱孬 丨爻亘 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱氐丿賵乇貙 賵賯丿 乇賰夭鬲 賮賷賴 丕賱賲丐賱賮丞 毓賱賶 鬲賯丿賷賲 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 囟丨丕賷丕 丨丕丿孬丞 丕賳賮噩丕乇 賲賮丕毓賱 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱 丕賱卮賴賷乇丞貙 賵丕賱鬲賷 賵賯毓鬲 賮賷 26 兀亘乇賷賱 1986 賲貙 鬲氐賳賮 丨丕丿孬丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱 毓賱賶 兀賳賴丕 廿丨丿賶 兀爻賵兀 丕賱丨賵丕丿孬 丕賱賳賵賵賷丞 賵賱丕夭丕賱鬲 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲賴丕 丨丕囟乇丞 丨鬲賶 丕賱賷賵賲. 丿丕乇 賲賲丿賵丨 毓丿賵丕賳 賯丿賲鬲 禺賱丕賱 賴匕丕 丕賱毓丕賲 孬賱丕孬 鬲乇噩賲丕鬲 毓賳 胤乇賷賯 丕賱賲鬲乇噩賲 毓亘丿丕賱賱賴 丨亘賴貙 丨賷孬 鬲乇噩賲 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 丕賱兀賵賱 "賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 賵噩賴 兀賳孬賵賷" 賵丕賱匕賷 鬲賯丿賲 賮賷賴 賲卅鬲丕 丕賲乇兀丞 乇賵爻賷丞 卮賴丕丿丕鬲賴賳 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞貙 賵賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丕賱孬丕賳賷 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 賵丕賱匕賷 賷鬲賳丕賵賱 鬲噩丕乇亘 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵賰鬲丕亘賴丕 丕賱乇丕亘毓 "丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿" 賵丕賱匕賷 鬲賯丿賲 賮賷賴 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 兀胤賮丕賱 賮賷 兀夭賲賳丞 丕賱丨乇賵亘. 賮賷 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕禺鬲丕乇鬲 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賱賰鬲丕亘賴丕 賴匕丕 丕賱毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱賲毓亘乇 噩丿丕賸貙 丨賷孬 賰丕賳 丕賱賲賯丕鬲賱賵賳 丕賱兀賲賲賷賵賳 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 賷毓賵丿賵賳 廿賱賶 毓丕卅賱丕鬲賴賲 毓賱賶 睾賷乇 鬲賵賯毓 兀賵 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰貙 禺賱賮鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷丞 賯乇丕亘丞 丕賱爻鬲賷賳 兀賱賮 賯鬲賷賱 賵噩乇賷丨 毓賱賶 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 賮賷 賲賯丕亘賱 賲賱賷賵賳 賯鬲賷賱 賵噩乇賷丨 毓賱賶 丕賱噩丕賳亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷貙 亘丕賱廿囟丕賮丞 廿賱賶 鬲丿賲賷乇 鬲丕賲 賱兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 賵鬲賴噩賷乇 賱賲賱丕賷賷賳 賲賳 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賱丕夭丕賱 亘毓囟賴賲 賷毓賷卮 賮賷 賲禺賷賲丕鬲 亘丕卅爻丞 賮賷 亘丕賰爻鬲丕賳 丕賱賲噩丕賵乇丞貙 丕爻鬲賲乇 丕賱鬲丿禺賱 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 鬲爻毓丞 兀毓賵丕賲 丕賲鬲丿鬲 賲賳 1979 賲 賵丨鬲賶 丕賱丕賳爻丨丕亘 爻賳丞 1989 賲貙 賵乇睾賲 賰賱 賴匕丕 賰丕賳鬲 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 丨乇亘丕賸 氐丕賲鬲丞 賮賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 賱賲 賷賰賳 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賷毓賱賲 卮賷卅丕賸 毓賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賰丕賳鬲 丕賱氐丨賮 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 賳丕丿乇丕賸 賲丕 鬲卮賷乇 廿賱賶 賲丕 賷丨丿孬 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵賰丕賳鬲 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 鬲氐乇 毓賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賵噩賵丿 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賱賷爻 毓爻賰乇賷丕賸 賵廿賳賲丕 賴賵 賱鬲賯丿賷賲 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞 賵丕賱鬲賳賲賷丞 賱丨賰賵賲丞 賵卮毓亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賵丨丿賴丕 丕賱毓丕卅賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 賰丕賳 兀亘賳丕丐賴丕 賷毓賵丿賵賳 賮賷 丕賱鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 丕賱夭賳賰賷丞 賲賳 毓乇賮 亘賲丕 賷丨丿孬. 賵鬲賰卮賮 賱賳丕 丕賱賲丐賱賮丞 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 卮賴丕丿丕鬲 賲鬲毓丿丿丞貙 賰賷賮 夭噩 亘賲賯丕鬲賱賷賳 氐睾丕乇 賮賷 丕賱爻賳貙 鬲禺乇噩賵丕 賱鬲賵賴賲 賲賳 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丕鬲 丕賱毓爻賰乇賷丞 賮賷 丨乇亘 賱丕 賷毓賱賲賵賳 毓賳賴丕 卮賷卅丕賸貙 亘毓囟賴賲 賰丕賳 賷馗賳 兀賳 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇亘 賱賷爻鬲 廿賱丕 賳夭賴丞 鬲丿乇賷亘賷丞 爻賷毓锟斤拷丿 賲賳賴丕 亘亘毓囟 丕賱賲丕賱 賵亘毓囟 丕賱賲賯鬲賳賷丕鬲 丕賱乇兀爻賲丕賱賷丞 丕賱賲賮賯賵丿丞 賮賷 丕賱賵胤賳貙 賵賱賰賳賴丕 賰丕賳鬲 丨乇亘丕賸 囟乇賵爻丕賸 賱賲 賷毓丿 丕賱亘毓囟 賲賳賴丕貙 賵毓丕丿 丌禺乇賵賳 亘賱丕 兀胤乇丕賮 兀賵 亘匕丕賰乇丞 賲賲鬲賱卅丞 亘賲卮丕賴丿 丕賱賯鬲賱 賵丕賱噩乇丕卅賲 賵丕賱丕賳鬲賴丕賰丕鬲貙 賵賴賵 賲丕 丿賮毓賴賲 廿賱賶 丕賱賰丨賵賱 兀賵 丕賱丕賳鬲丨丕乇 賮乇丕乇丕賸 賲賳 毓匕丕亘丕鬲 丕賱囟賲賷乇 賵匕丕賰乇丞 丕賱丿賲.
鬲毓乇囟鬲 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲 賲鬲毓丿丿丞 亘爻亘亘 賰鬲亘賴丕貙 丨賷孬 丕毓鬲亘乇賴丕 丕賱亘毓囟 賲爻賷卅丞 賱賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賵丕賱賵毓賷 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷貙 亘賱 乇賮毓鬲 毓賱賷賴丕 賯囟丕賷丕 賲賳 亘毓囟 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱賱賵丕鬲賷 鬲丨丿孬賳 賱賴丕 毓賳 丌賱丕賲賴賳 賵兀丨夭丕賳賴賳貙 賵毓丿賳 毓賳丿賲丕 賳卮乇 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賱賷乇賮囟賳 賲丕 賰鬲亘鬲賴 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賲毓鬲亘乇丕鬲 兀賳 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲賴丕 鬲卮賵賴 氐賵乇丞 兀亘賳丕卅賴賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賯鬲賱賵丕 兀亘胤丕賱丕賸 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙 賮賷 丨賷賳 兀馗賴乇 賰鬲丕亘 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 兀賳賴賲 賱賷爻賵丕 賰匕賱賰貙 賵兀賳 丨乇亘 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 丨乇亘 毓亘孬賷丞貙 賵兀賳 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲 賰丕賳賵丕 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丨丕賱丞 賴賲 丕賱賲毓鬲丿賵賳 毓賱賶 亘賱丿 囟毓賷賮 賵卮毓亘 賷丿丕賮毓 毓賳 兀乇囟賴貙 毓賱賶 毓賰爻 賯鬲賱賶 丕賱噩賷卮 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 賮賷 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞 丕賱毓馗賲賶 鈥� 丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷丞 賱賱丨乇亘 丕賱毓丕賱賲賷丞 丕賱孬丕賳賷丞 鈥� 賵丕賱匕賷賳 賷毓鬲亘乇賴賲 丕賱噩賲賷毓 兀亘胤丕賱丕賸貙 丿丕賮毓賵丕 毓賳 兀乇囟賴賲 賵卮毓亘賴賲 兀賲丕賲 丕賱賳丕夭賷賷賳. 賵賱毓賱 賲賳 兀噩賲賱 賲丕 賯丕賱鬲賴 兀賱賰爻賷賮賷鬲卮 賮賷 廿丨丿賶 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲貙 賵賴賷 卮賴丕丿鬲賴丕 丕賱鬲賷 賵噩賴鬲賴丕 賱兀賲賴丕鬲 "賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰" 丕賱賲賵噩賵丿丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱賲丨賰賲丞 賯賵賱賴丕: "噩卅鬲 賱賰賷 兀鬲亘丕丿賱 丕賱丨丿賷孬 賲毓 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲貙 賵胤賱亘 丕賱賲睾賮乇丞 賲賳賴賳 賱兀賳賴 賱丕 賷賲賰賳 廿賷噩丕丿 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 亘賱丕 兀賱賲貙 賵賷亘賯賶 丕賱爻丐丕賱 賳賮爻賴 丕賱賵丕乇丿 賮賷 賰鬲丕亘賷: 賲賳 賳丨賳責 賵賱賲丕匕丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 賷賮毓賱賵丕 亘賳丕 兀賷 卮賷亍責 廿毓丕丿丞 丕賱丕亘賳 廿賱賶 丕賱兀賲 賮賷 鬲丕亘賵鬲 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰貙 賵賲賳 孬賲 廿賯賳丕毓賴丕 亘兀賳 鬲賯賷賲 丿毓賵賶 賮賷 丕賱賲丨賰賲丞 囟丿 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 丕賱鬲賷 賰鬲亘鬲 賰賷賮 兀賳賴丕 鈥撠Ｙ� 丕賱兀賲- 賱賲 鬲爻鬲胤毓 鬲賯亘賷賱 丕亘賳賴丕 賱丌禺乇 賲乇丞 賵睾爻賱賴 亘丕賱兀毓卮丕亘 賵鬲賲爻賷丿 鬲丕亘賵鬲 丕賱夭賳賰貙 賮賲賳 賳丨賳責" 賵賯丕賱鬲: "賲丕 兀賰孬乇 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 賰鬲亘鬲 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘! 賵賲丕 兀賰孬乇 賲丕 氐賳毓 亘兀賷丿賷 丕賱亘卮乇 賵毓賯賵賱賴賲 賲賳 爻賱丕丨! 亘丨賷孬 兀氐亘丨鬲 賮賰乇丞 丕賱賯鬲賱 卮賷卅丕賸 毓丕丿賷丕賸... 賱賰賳賳賷 兀賰乇賴 丕賱丨乇賵亘貙 賵兀賰乇賴 賮賰乇丞 兀賳 賷賲鬲賱賰 兀丨丿 賲丕 丕賱丨賯 賮賷 爻賱亘 丨賷丕丞 廿賳爻丕賳 丌禺乇".
May 10, 2016
"賲賳 丕賱氐毓亘 丕賱丕毓鬲乇丕賮 亘賰賵賳賳丕 賲丨鬲賱賷賳. 賵賷噩亘 毓賱賷賳丕 丕賱丌賳 賱賷爻 丕賱噩丿賱 亘氐丿丿 廿賯丕賲丞 丕賱賳氐亘 丕賱鬲匕賰丕乇賷丞 亘賱 丕賱鬲賮賰賷乇 賮賷 丕賱賲睾賮乇丞. 賷噩亘 毓賱賷賳丕 噩賲賷毓丕 胤賱亘 丕賱賲睾賮乇丞 賲賳 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱賲禺丿賵毓賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 賯購鬲賱賵丕 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱禺丕賱賷丞 賲賳 兀賷 賲毓賳賶. 賷噩亘 胤賱亘 丕賱賲睾賮乇丞 賲賳 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷 - 丕賱兀胤賮丕賱 賵丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 賵丕賱卮賷賵禺 - 賱賱賲氐丕卅亘 丕賱賰孬賷乇丞 丕賱鬲賷 丿丕賴賲鬲 兀乇囟賴賲"
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰: 乇賵丕賷丞 丕賱兀氐賵丕鬲 賵丕賱賲賵賳賵賱賵噩丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲毓丿丿丞 賷賯賵賲 亘乇賵丕賷鬲賴丕 兀氐丨丕亘 丕賱賲毓丕賳丕丞.
兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 噩丕亍賵丕 賲賳 賲丿賳 丕賱爻賱丕賲 賵賲賳 丕賱丨賷丕丞 丕賱賲爻丕賱賲丞 廿賱賶 丕賱丨乇亘 孬賲 丕賱毓賵丿丞 廿賱賶 丕賱賵胤賳 賱賰賳 噩孬孬丕賸 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰 廿亘丕賳 丨乇亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱鬲賷 賵氐賮鬲賴丕 廿丨丿賶 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱睾賷乇 賲賮賴賵賲賴.
鬲毓丿 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 賳賯胤丞 鬲丨賵賱 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞貙 賱兀賳 賮賵夭賴丕 賷毓賷丿 廿賱賶 丕賱丕匕賴丕賳 丨丿賷孬 賲丕乇賰賷夭 丨賵賱 鬲毓丿賷賱 卮乇賵胤 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 賱賮乇毓 丕賱丌丿丕亘 賰賷 鬲鬲爻毓 廿賱賶 兀賳 鬲卮賲賱 丕賱鬲賯乇賷乇 丕賱氐丨賮賷 賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷丞 賵 鬲毓丿賴 噩賳爻丕 兀丿亘賷丕 賱賲丕 賱賴 賲賳 兀賴賲賷丞 賱禺丿賲丞 丕賱兀賳爻丕賳賷丞貙 鬲賲丕賲丕 賰賲丕 鬲賯賵賲 亘賴 丕賱兀噩賳丕爻 丕賱兀禺乇賶貙 賵亘賮賵夭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賰丿鬲 賳賵亘賱 賴匕丕 丕賱賲爻丕乇.
賵賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賴賵 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱兀賰孬乇 廿孬丕乇丞 賱賱噩丿賱 賮賷 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱爻賵賮賷鬲賷 丌賳 匕丕賰 賵賯丿 毓丕賳鬲 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 亘毓丿 氐丿賵乇賴 賮賷 毓丕賲 佟侃侉侃 賲賳 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲 賵丕賱賲賱丕丨賯丕鬲 賵丕賱鬲賷 匕購賰乇鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱賲毓丕賳丕丞 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱賰鬲亘 亘卮賰賱 賲賮氐賱 賵氐丕丿賲.
丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 乇丕卅毓丞 噩丿丕
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賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰: 乇賵丕賷丞 丕賱兀氐賵丕鬲 賵丕賱賲賵賳賵賱賵噩丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲毓丿丿丞 賷賯賵賲 亘乇賵丕賷鬲賴丕 兀氐丨丕亘 丕賱賲毓丕賳丕丞.
兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 噩丕亍賵丕 賲賳 賲丿賳 丕賱爻賱丕賲 賵賲賳 丕賱丨賷丕丞 丕賱賲爻丕賱賲丞 廿賱賶 丕賱丨乇亘 孬賲 丕賱毓賵丿丞 廿賱賶 丕賱賵胤賳 賱賰賳 噩孬孬丕賸 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰 廿亘丕賳 丨乇亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳 鬲賱賰 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱鬲賷 賵氐賮鬲賴丕 廿丨丿賶 卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 亘丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱睾賷乇 賲賮賴賵賲賴.
鬲毓丿 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 賳賯胤丞 鬲丨賵賱 賮賷 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞貙 賱兀賳 賮賵夭賴丕 賷毓賷丿 廿賱賶 丕賱丕匕賴丕賳 丨丿賷孬 賲丕乇賰賷夭 丨賵賱 鬲毓丿賷賱 卮乇賵胤 丕賱噩丕卅夭丞 賱賮乇毓 丕賱丌丿丕亘 賰賷 鬲鬲爻毓 廿賱賶 兀賳 鬲卮賲賱 丕賱鬲賯乇賷乇 丕賱氐丨賮賷 賵丕賱賰鬲丕亘丞 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷丞 賵 鬲毓丿賴 噩賳爻丕 兀丿亘賷丕 賱賲丕 賱賴 賲賳 兀賴賲賷丞 賱禺丿賲丞 丕賱兀賳爻丕賳賷丞貙 鬲賲丕賲丕 賰賲丕 鬲賯賵賲 亘賴 丕賱兀噩賳丕爻 丕賱兀禺乇賶貙 賵亘賮賵夭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賰丿鬲 賳賵亘賱 賴匕丕 丕賱賲爻丕乇.
賵賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賴賵 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱兀賰孬乇 廿孬丕乇丞 賱賱噩丿賱 賮賷 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱爻賵賮賷鬲賷 丌賳 匕丕賰 賵賯丿 毓丕賳鬲 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 亘毓丿 氐丿賵乇賴 賮賷 毓丕賲 佟侃侉侃 賲賳 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲丕鬲 賵丕賱賲賱丕丨賯丕鬲 賵丕賱鬲賷 匕購賰乇鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱賲毓丕賳丕丞 賮賷 賳賴丕賷丞 丕賱賰鬲亘 亘卮賰賱 賲賮氐賱 賵氐丕丿賲.
丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 乇丕卅毓丞 噩丿丕
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May 4, 2017
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 - 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賷賮賷鬲卮
爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 :
"賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀氐賲鬲貙 賵賱丕 兀爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘賻丞 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 兀賰孬乇 " ..
乇睾賲 兀賳賳賷 賱丕 兀賯乇兀 毓丕丿丞賸 賴匕丕 丕賱賳賵毓 賲賳 丕賱兀丿亘 - 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷 賵禺丕氐賾丞 廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賲鬲毓賱賯賸丕 亘賭 丨乇亘 兀賵 賰丕乇孬丞 .. 賵賲賵丕囟賷毓賻 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賵賯氐氐賴丕 賵亘卮丕毓鬲賴丕 賱丕 兀賯乇丐賴丕 賲胤賱賯賸丕 廿囟丕賮丞賸 廿賱賶 兀丿亘 丕賱爻丨賵賳 .. 賱賰賳 賱丕 賷賲賰賳賳賷 兀賳 兀鬲賵賯賮 毓賳 丕賱賯乇丕亍丞 賱賭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕貙 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲賴丕 鬲兀爻乇賳賷 亘賭 氐丿賯賴丕 賵兀爻賱賵亘賴丕....
賵賱丕 賷賲賰賳賳賷 廿賱丕賾 兀賳 兀賳賴賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨鬲賾賶 賵廿賳 丕賰鬲卅亘鬲 亘賭 爻亘亘賴貙 鬲賲丕賲賸丕 賰賲賭丕 丨丿孬賻 賲毓 (氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱) ....
賵兀鬲爻丕亍賱 丿丕卅賲賸丕 賴賱 賰賱賾 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷 賴賰匕丕 兀賲 兀賳賾賴丕 賲賷夭丞 丕禺鬲氐鬲 亘賴丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賵丨丿賴丕.
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爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 鬲賳賯賱 賮賷 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賯氐氐賸丕 賵卮賴丕丿丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷賾丞 ..
賯氐氐 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 毓丕丿鬲 噩孬孬賴賲 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰 ...
卮賴丕丿丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 丕賱匕賷賳 丨丕乇亘賵丕 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 賵乇兀賵丕 丕賱兀賴賵丕賱 賵丕賱匕賷賳賻 噩乇丨賵丕 賵賯鬲賱 兀氐丿賯丕丐賴賲 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 鬲禺賱賾賶 毓賳賴賲 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賵賱賲 賷噩丿賵丕 鬲賯丿賷乇賸丕 亘毓丿 毓賵丿鬲賴賲貨 賱丕 賲賳 丕賱賵胤賳 賵賱丕 賲賳 丕賱卮毓亘貙 賵兀氐賵丕鬲 兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 丕賱匕賷賳 賯鬲賱賵丕 賴賳丕賰 賵丕賱夭賵噩丕鬲貙 鬲賳賯賱 兀賱賲 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賯爻賵鬲賴丕 賵賯馗丕毓丕鬲賴丕 賵亘卮丕毓丞 丕賱毓賳賮 賮賷 氐賵乇 氐丕丿賯丞 賵賲丐賱賲丞 .....
鬲賯賵賱 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賮賷 禺胤丕亘 賲丨丕賰賲鬲賴丕 丕賱鬲賷 噩乇鬲 亘賭 爻亘亘 賳卮乇 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 :
"廿賳賾 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 兀丐賱賮賴丕 賴賷 賵孬賷賯丞 賵賮賷 丕賱賵賯鬲 賳賮爻賴 乇丐賷鬲賷 賱賱夭賲賳. 兀噩賲毓 丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賵丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 賱賷爻 賲賳 丨賷賻丕丞賽 賮乇丿賺 賲毓賷賾賳貙 亘賱 賲賳 賰賱賾 賴賵丕亍 丕賱夭賲賳 賵賮囟丕卅賴 賵兀氐賵丕鬲賴."
丕毓鬲亘乇 賮賵夭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賵鬲毓乇賮賳丕 毓賱賷賴丕貙 兀賮囟賱 賲丕 丨丿孬 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰賵賰亘賽 丕賱亘丕卅爻 賲賳匕 毓賯賵丿 .
爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 :
"賱丕 兀乇賷丿 兀賳 兀氐賲鬲貙 賵賱丕 兀爻鬲胤賷毓 丕賱賰鬲丕亘賻丞 毓賳 丕賱丨乇亘 兀賰孬乇 " ..
乇睾賲 兀賳賳賷 賱丕 兀賯乇兀 毓丕丿丞賸 賴匕丕 丕賱賳賵毓 賲賳 丕賱兀丿亘 - 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷 賵禺丕氐賾丞 廿匕丕 賰丕賳 賲鬲毓賱賯賸丕 亘賭 丨乇亘 兀賵 賰丕乇孬丞 .. 賵賲賵丕囟賷毓賻 丕賱丨乇賵亘 賵賯氐氐賴丕 賵亘卮丕毓鬲賴丕 賱丕 兀賯乇丐賴丕 賲胤賱賯賸丕 廿囟丕賮丞賸 廿賱賶 兀丿亘 丕賱爻丨賵賳 .. 賱賰賳 賱丕 賷賲賰賳賳賷 兀賳 兀鬲賵賯賮 毓賳 丕賱賯乇丕亍丞 賱賭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕貙 賰鬲丕亘丕鬲賴丕 鬲兀爻乇賳賷 亘賭 氐丿賯賴丕 賵兀爻賱賵亘賴丕....
賵賱丕 賷賲賰賳賳賷 廿賱丕賾 兀賳 兀賳賴賷 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 丨鬲賾賶 賵廿賳 丕賰鬲卅亘鬲 亘賭 爻亘亘賴貙 鬲賲丕賲賸丕 賰賲賭丕 丨丿孬賻 賲毓 (氐賱丕丞 鬲卮乇賳賵亘賱) ....
賵兀鬲爻丕亍賱 丿丕卅賲賸丕 賴賱 賰賱賾 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷 賴賰匕丕 兀賲 兀賳賾賴丕 賲賷夭丞 丕禺鬲氐鬲 亘賴丕 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賵丨丿賴丕.
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爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 鬲賳賯賱 賮賷 賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賯氐氐賸丕 賵卮賴丕丿丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱兀賮睾丕賳賷賾丞 ..
賯氐氐 丕賱賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱匕賷賳 毓丕丿鬲 噩孬孬賴賲 賮賷 鬲賵丕亘賷鬲 賲氐賳賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱夭賳賰 ...
卮賴丕丿丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 丕賱匕賷賳 丨丕乇亘賵丕 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 賵乇兀賵丕 丕賱兀賴賵丕賱 賵丕賱匕賷賳賻 噩乇丨賵丕 賵賯鬲賱 兀氐丿賯丕丐賴賲 兀賵賱卅賰 丕賱匕賷賳 鬲禺賱賾賶 毓賳賴賲 丕賱噩賲賷毓 賵賱賲 賷噩丿賵丕 鬲賯丿賷乇賸丕 亘毓丿 毓賵丿鬲賴賲貨 賱丕 賲賳 丕賱賵胤賳 賵賱丕 賲賳 丕賱卮毓亘貙 賵兀氐賵丕鬲 兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱噩賳賵丿 丕賱匕賷賳 賯鬲賱賵丕 賴賳丕賰 賵丕賱夭賵噩丕鬲貙 鬲賳賯賱 兀賱賲 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賯爻賵鬲賴丕 賵賯馗丕毓丕鬲賴丕 賵亘卮丕毓丞 丕賱毓賳賮 賮賷 氐賵乇 氐丕丿賯丞 賵賲丐賱賲丞 .....
鬲賯賵賱 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 賮賷 禺胤丕亘 賲丨丕賰賲鬲賴丕 丕賱鬲賷 噩乇鬲 亘賭 爻亘亘 賳卮乇 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 :
"廿賳賾 丕賱賰鬲亘 丕賱鬲賷 兀丐賱賮賴丕 賴賷 賵孬賷賯丞 賵賮賷 丕賱賵賯鬲 賳賮爻賴 乇丐賷鬲賷 賱賱夭賲賳. 兀噩賲毓 丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱 賵丕賱賲卮丕毓乇 賱賷爻 賲賳 丨賷賻丕丞賽 賮乇丿賺 賲毓賷賾賳貙 亘賱 賲賳 賰賱賾 賴賵丕亍 丕賱夭賲賳 賵賮囟丕卅賴 賵兀氐賵丕鬲賴."
丕毓鬲亘乇 賮賵夭 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 亘噩丕卅夭丞 賳賵亘賱 賵鬲毓乇賮賳丕 毓賱賷賴丕貙 兀賮囟賱 賲丕 丨丿孬 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰賵賰亘賽 丕賱亘丕卅爻 賲賳匕 毓賯賵丿 .
September 12, 2017
Prologue
From the Notebooks
--Boys in Zinc
Post Mortem
'Boys in Zinc' on Trial
From the Notebooks
--Boys in Zinc
Post Mortem
'Boys in Zinc' on Trial
September 19, 2021
Visceral, searing, and full of emotion. Svetlana found herself "having" to write this book, I think. She opens the book with her going to Afghanistan and not wanting to cover yet another war after her emotional experience in publishing . She, however, realized these people's stories had to be told, especially with the at-home propaganda machine churning out nonsense like "Our brave international soldiers are planting trees, paving roads, and helping the Afghan people."
Much like any war that is not popular or considered a mistake, the combat veterans heavily contemplate why exactly they were fighting, dying, and mentally scarring themselves. Given how the veterans were treated when they returned home by their politicians, the civilians, etc., I am even more completely comfortable calling this Russia's Vietnam.
An incredible learning experience for me that Svetlana doesn't shy away from is how many Soviet women were involved in the war. I was unaware of this facet within the war beyond medical staff and how often they bled and died just like the men.
The author closes her book with various transcripts of the court proceedings brought against her once the book was published. People who the KGB pressured to rescind their statements and say she twisted their words. Mercifully just about across the board, the court sided with the author.
Much like any war that is not popular or considered a mistake, the combat veterans heavily contemplate why exactly they were fighting, dying, and mentally scarring themselves. Given how the veterans were treated when they returned home by their politicians, the civilians, etc., I am even more completely comfortable calling this Russia's Vietnam.
An incredible learning experience for me that Svetlana doesn't shy away from is how many Soviet women were involved in the war. I was unaware of this facet within the war beyond medical staff and how often they bled and died just like the men.
The author closes her book with various transcripts of the court proceedings brought against her once the book was published. People who the KGB pressured to rescind their statements and say she twisted their words. Mercifully just about across the board, the court sided with the author.
January 19, 2018
賱賲 賷睾亘 毓賳 匕賴賳賷 賱丨馗丞 兀孬賳丕亍 賯乇丕亍鬲賷 賱賴 兀賳賾 丕賱氐賵鬲 丕賱囟丕噩賾 亘丕賱兀賱賲 賴賳丕 賴賵 氐賵鬲 毓丿賵賾 賰丕賳 賱賳丕 賲丨丕乇亘貙
賵兀賳 "丕賱兀卮亘丕丨" 丕賱匕賷賳 鬲丨丿孬賵丕 毓賲賾丕 賮毓賱賵賴 亘賴賲 賲賳 賯鬲賱 賵鬲丿賲賷乇 賵爻乇賯丞 賵丕睾鬲氐丕亘 賵廿賴賱丕賰 廿賳賲丕 賴賲 廿禺賵丕賳 賱賳丕 賮賷 丕賱廿爻賱丕賲 ..
賵兀賳賾賷 胤賵丕賱 賯乇丕亍鬲賷 賱賲毓丕賳丕鬲賴賲 賲賲丕 丨丿孬 賱賴賲 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙
賵賲丕 鬲乇賰鬲賴 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賯爻賵鬲賴丕 賵賯爻賵鬲賴賲 賮賷賴丕 毓賱賷賴賲 廿賳賲丕 兀乇丕賴 賷孬亘鬲 賯賵賱 丕賱賱賴 毓夭 賵噩賱 毓賳賴賲 賵毓賳賾丕 ..
"廿賽賳 鬲賻賰購賵賳購賵丕 鬲賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 賮賻廿賽賳賻賾賴購賲賿 賷賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 賰賻賲賻丕 鬲賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 蹡 賵賻鬲賻乇賿噩購賵賳賻 賲賽賳賻 丕賱賱賻賾賴賽 賲賻丕 賱賻丕 賷賻乇賿噩購賵賳賻"
賵兀賳 "丕賱兀卮亘丕丨" 丕賱匕賷賳 鬲丨丿孬賵丕 毓賲賾丕 賮毓賱賵賴 亘賴賲 賲賳 賯鬲賱 賵鬲丿賲賷乇 賵爻乇賯丞 賵丕睾鬲氐丕亘 賵廿賴賱丕賰 廿賳賲丕 賴賲 廿禺賵丕賳 賱賳丕 賮賷 丕賱廿爻賱丕賲 ..
賵兀賳賾賷 胤賵丕賱 賯乇丕亍鬲賷 賱賲毓丕賳丕鬲賴賲 賲賲丕 丨丿孬 賱賴賲 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳貙
賵賲丕 鬲乇賰鬲賴 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賯爻賵鬲賴丕 賵賯爻賵鬲賴賲 賮賷賴丕 毓賱賷賴賲 廿賳賲丕 兀乇丕賴 賷孬亘鬲 賯賵賱 丕賱賱賴 毓夭 賵噩賱 毓賳賴賲 賵毓賳賾丕 ..
"廿賽賳 鬲賻賰購賵賳購賵丕 鬲賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 賮賻廿賽賳賻賾賴購賲賿 賷賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 賰賻賲賻丕 鬲賻兀賿賱賻賲購賵賳賻 蹡 賵賻鬲賻乇賿噩購賵賳賻 賲賽賳賻 丕賱賱賻賾賴賽 賲賻丕 賱賻丕 賷賻乇賿噩購賵賳賻"
April 15, 2017
Maldito sejas, Afeganist茫o!
鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� (1989) 茅 mais uma obra da escritora e jornalista bielorrussa Svetlana Alexievich (n. 1948), galardoada com o Pr茅mio Nobel da Literatura em 2015 鈥� 鈥減ela sua escrita polif贸nica, monumento ao sofrimento e 脿 coragem na nossa 茅poca.鈥�
O seu projecto liter谩rio Vozes da Utopia congrega cinco obras: 鈥滱 Guerra N茫o Tem Rosto de Mulher鈥� (1985), 鈥滱s 脷ltimas Testemunhas鈥� (1985) (a ser editado em Portugal em 2017), 鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� (1989), 鈥漋ozes de Chernobyl鈥� (1997) (4*) e 鈥漁 Fim do Homem Sovi茅tico鈥� (2013)(4*) 鈥� e representa um novo g茅nero liter谩rio de n茫o-fic莽茫o em que d谩 voz aos intervenientes, num estilo documental conjugado a partir de entrevistas, numa prosa de invulgar concis茫o, dominada por uma sensibilidade desconcertante, sobre hist贸rias dram谩ticas e tr谩gicas que envolveram homens, mulheres e crian莽as, em in煤meros contextos geogr谩ficos, pol铆ticos e sociais.
Em 鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� a tem谩tica 茅 a guerra: no caso espec铆fico a Guerra do Afeganist茫o 1979 鈥� 1989 ou a Guerra Afeg茫-Sovi茅tica na qual existiu o envolvimento militar directo das tropas da Uni茫o Sovi茅tica num contexto da Guerra Fria, onde assistimos mais uma vez, tal como j谩 sucedera em outras guerras, ao dissimilar da mentira, a verdade nesta circunst芒ncia 茅 um conceito relativo; neste caso espec铆fico, para os cidad茫os sovi茅ticos, as tropas tinham sido enviadas ao Afeganist茫o para trabalharem em projectos humanit谩rios e de constru莽茫o de infra-estruturas, cumprindo-se um dever enquadrado como ajuda internacional.
鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� 茅 um livro cruel 鈥� a guerra decorre no terreno, mas os mortos s茫o enterrados em segredo, dentro dos famigerados caix玫es de zinco 鈥� um relato a v谩rias vozes de mulheres, m茫es e esposas - vi煤vas, e de ex-combatentes, sobre os jovens, homens e mulheres, que ou n茫o regressaram vivos ou dos que regressaram vivos, retornam como 鈥渙utras pessoas鈥�; numa guerra que durou quase dez anos, com mais de quinze mil mortos e mais de quatrocentos e cinquenta mil feridos e doentes, e que deixou um rasto destrutivo, na minha perspectiva, mais individual do que colectiva, gerando comportamentos e atitudes irremediavelmente dominadas pelo 贸dio das pessoas - ex-combatentes e outros cidad茫os - que no regresso t锚m a percep莽茫o da mentira e da inutilidade de uma guerra que acabou perdida contra as for莽as da guerrilha afeg茫s.
Svetlana Alexievich em 鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� confere, igualmente, um enquadramento sinistro entre as rela莽玫es de militares e das mulheres civis, voluntariadas para servir e socorrer, e que rapidamente se v锚em enredadas em exig锚ncias sexuais implac谩veis; ou da indiferen莽a burocr谩tica decorrente dos que s茫o enviados mortos 鈥� nos caix玫es de zinco 鈥� sem que possam ser rapidamente entregues 脿s fam铆lias ou sequer que possam abrir os caix玫es; ou do desespero e do calv谩rio dos que regressam, marginalizados e exclu铆dos como p谩rias da sociedade - os "afgan": 鈥漃ercebi que aqui ningu茅m precisa de n贸s. N茫o interessa o que pass谩mos. 脡 desnecess谩rio, inc贸modo. E n贸s tamb茅m somos desnecess谩rios, inc贸modos.
(...)
Acordo de manh茫 e fico contente se n茫o me lembro do que sonhei. N茫o conto os meus sonhos a ningu茅m, mas eles regressam... Sempre os mesmos鈥︹€� (P谩g. 197 鈥� 198)
No final de 鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� h谩 uma sec莽茫o dedicada aos v谩rios julgamentos e 脿s v谩rias ac莽玫es intentadas por um grupo de m茫es de combatentes mortos no Afeganist茫o e por ex-militares contra Svetlana Alexievich.
鈥漅apazes de Zinco鈥� 茅 um livro implac谩vel sobre o horror e o inferno da Guerra do Afeganist茫o 1979 鈥� 1989 ou da Guerra Afeg茫-Sovi茅tica.
July 8, 2019
倬爻乇丕賳蹖 丕夭 噩賳爻 乇賵蹖 貙 趩賴乇賴 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丕夭 賲乇丿賲 乇賵爻蹖賴 賵 噩賲賴賵乇蹖賴丕蹖 爻丕亘賯 丌賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖 丿賴丿 貙 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵爻賴丕 賳賴 亘賴 賲丕賳賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 噩賳诏 趩賴乇賴 夭賳丕賳賴 賳丿丕乇丿 賲賵乇丿 賴噩賵賲 賴蹖賵賱丕蹖 賳丕夭蹖 賵 噩賳诏 讴亘蹖乇 賲蹖賴賳蹖 賯乇丕乇 诏乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿 貙 賳賴 賲丕賳賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 夭賲丕賳 丿爻鬲 丿賵賲 亘賴 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 賵 卮丕賳 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 丌賳 賴丕 鬲賵爻胤 丨讴賵賲鬲 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲蹖 鬲噩丕賵夭 卮丿賴 貙 賳賴 亘賴 賲丕賳賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 氐丿丕賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 趩乇賳賵亘蹖賱 丕乇夭卮 噩丕賳 丌賳 賴丕 鬲賵爻胤 丨讴賵賲鬲 賵 賲爻卅賵賱蹖賳 亘蹖 賱蹖丕賯鬲 亘賴 賴蹖噩 丕賳诏丕卮鬲賴 卮丿賴 賵 賳賴 賲丕賳賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 丌禺乇蹖賳 卮丕賴丿丕賳 讴賵丿讴丕賳 乇賵爻蹖 卮丕賴丿 讴卮鬲賴 卮丿賳 倬丿乇 賵 賲丕丿乇丕賳 禺賵丿 蹖丕 賵丕賱丿蹖賳 卮丕賴丿 賵 賲卮丕賴丿賴 诏乇 賲讴蹖丿賴 卮丿賳 禺賵賳 賮乇夭賳丿丕賳 禺賵丿 鬲賵爻胤 禺賵賳 丌卮丕賲丕賳 賳丕夭蹖 亘賵丿賴 丕賳丿 .丿乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 乇賵爻賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 禺賵丿 鬲丕 亘賴 丨丕賱 賯乇亘丕賳蹖 ( 趩賴 爻蹖爻鬲賲 讴賲賵賳蹖爻鬲蹖 賵 趩賴 噩賳诏) 亘賵丿賴 丕賳丿 貙 丨丕賱丕 禺賵丿 亘賴 賯丕鬲賱丕賳蹖 賳賴 丿乇 丕賳丿丕夭賴 賳丕夭蹖 賴丕 貙 賵賱蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 丌賲乇蹖讴丕蹖蹖賴丕 丿乇 賵蹖鬲賳丕賲 鬲亘丿蹖賱 卮丿賴 丕賳丿 .讴鬲丕亘 倬乇丕爻鬲 丕夭 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 噩賵丕賳丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘丿賵賳 丿賱蹖賱 賲蹖 讴卮賳丿 賵 禺賵丿 鬲賵爻胤 賲乇丿賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丕夭 讴卮賵乇 禺賵丿 丿賮丕毓 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 讴卮鬲賴 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 . 卮丕蹖丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 禺賵亘蹖 卮亘丕賴鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 賵 丿丕卮鬲賳 禺賵蹖 賲卮鬲乇讴 禺卮賵賳鬲 乇丕 賳卮丕賳 亘丿賴丿 . 趩賴 乇賵爻蹖 蹖丕 丌賲乇蹖讴丕蹖蹖 蹖丕 賮乇丕賳爻賵蹖 蹖丕 丕蹖乇丕賳蹖 賵 毓乇丕賯蹖 賵 丕賮睾丕賳蹖 賴賲賴 賲丕 丿乇 禺卮賵賳鬲 賵乇夭蹖 亘丕 賴賲 丕卮鬲乇丕讴 丿丕乇蹖賲 . 丕賲丕 噩賳诏 卮賵乇賵蹖 丿乇 丕賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 讴賴 亘賴 讴卮鬲賴 卮丿賳 蹖讴 賲蹖賱蹖賵賳 睾蹖乇 賳馗丕賲蹖 賵 賵蹖乇丕賳 卮丿賳 蹖讴 讴卮賵乇 丕賳噩丕賲蹖丿 卮丕蹖丿 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 毓賱鬲賴丕蹖 鬲噩夭蹖賴 卮賵乇賵蹖 賵 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 毓賵丕賲賱 鬲丕孬蹖乇 诏匕丕乇 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 丕禺蹖乇 亘丕卮丿 貙 丕夭 丿賱 賴賲蹖賳 噩賳诏 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲乇賵乇蹖爻鬲 賴丕蹖 丕賱賯丕毓丿賴 賵 胤丕賱亘丕賳 爻乇 亘乇丿丕卮鬲賴 賵亘賴 丕賱诏賵蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲乇賵乇蹖爻鬲賴丕蹖蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 丿丕毓卮 賵 诏乇賵賴丕蹖蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賯亘蹖賱 鬲亘丿蹖賱 卮丿賴 賵 噩賴丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 賲讴丕賳 賳丕 丕賲賳 鬲乇蹖 鬲亘丿蹖賱 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿 . 亘賴 賴乇 丨丕賱 貙 讴鬲丕亘 卮丕蹖丿 亘賴 丿賱蹖賱 賲鬲噩丕賵夭 亘賵丿賳 乇賵爻賴丕 貙 讴賵亘賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 亘賯蹖 讴鬲丕亘賴丕蹖 禺丕賳賲 丌賱讴爻蹖賵蹖趩 乇丕 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿 貙 丕賲丕 亘賴 賴乇 丨丕賱 讴鬲丕亘蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 亘賴 卮丿鬲 鬲丕孬蹖乇诏匕丕乇 賵 丕賮卮丕 讴賳賳丿賴 讴賴 丿乇 讴賲鬲乇蹖賳 丨丕賱鬲 丕乇夭卮 倬賳噩 爻鬲丕乇賴 乇丕 丿丕乇丿
October 9, 2015
ZINKY BOYS: A REQUIEM TO THE REMEMBERED
When I read a few days ago in Ladbroke betting site that Svetlana Alexievich, the great Belarusian writer, is topping as a probable candidate for 2015 Nobel prize for literature, I felt a palpitation in my heart. Ever since I read her book Zinky Boys, I have been a great fan of this writer. Now that she has won the prize, my joy knows no bounds as she is a truly deserving writer to win Nobel Prize. I own two books of her-Zinky Boys and Voices from Cherneobyl. Both of them fall into a kind Oral history of ordinary people entangled in the events that are beyond their control; superhuman events that had torpedoed their life- The Soviet Invasion of Afghan and the Chernobyl Nuclear tragedy. The throng of tragedies that she portrays through episodic narration from the voices of the people and witnesses she had interviewed after the events overwhelm any sensitive reader. The trauma of ordinary people who were incapacitated by the immensity of sorrow as a result of the unforeseen events acquire extraordinary dimension as we read them.
Zinky Boys chronicle the stories of mothers, Generals, widows, Privates, nurses, Civilians and even Military advisors who were traumatized by the soviet invasion of Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. The war claimed about 50,000 Soviet causalities, most whom were young boys recruited to fight the Afghan Mujahideens. The Soviet dead were shipped back home in sealed zinc coffins (Hence the term 鈥榋inky Boys鈥�. The title is an ironic allusion, on the one hand to the zinc coffins used by the Red Army in this war, on the other hand to the Soviet imagery of 鈥榮teel men鈥�, soldier and workers in heroic narratives of earlier wars.) while the state was denying the tragedy and even the very existence of a conflict in Afghanistan. The whole book as I said is a chorus of voices; voices that reverberate with pain and agony. They offer a unique and hauntingly powerful insight into the realities of war and how the iron curtain of Soviet Union made it invisible and improbable.
Here is an excerpt. Note how she builds up the emotional crescendo by repetitions and associations to simple aspects of her child.
MOTHER
He was always small. He was as small as a girl when he was born, just couple of kilos, and he grew up small. I鈥檇 cuddle him and call him my little sunshine.
The only thing he was afraid was spiders. Once he went out to play. We鈥檇 bought him a new coat and when he returned I hung it up in the cupboard and went into the kitchen. A few minute later I heard this strange noise , shelp-shlep, shlep-shlep. The entrance-hall was full of frogs. They were jumping out of his pockets. He picked them all up. 鈥楧on鈥檛 be frightened Mum,鈥� he said, stuffing them back in pockets, 鈥榯hey鈥檙e nice little creature鈥�. My little sunshine鈥�
He loved toys to do with war, tanks, machine guns, pistols. He鈥檇 strap guns round himself and march round the house. 鈥業 鈥榤 a soldier, I鈥檓 soldier.鈥�
When he went to school, we couldn鈥檛 find a uniform to fit him and he was lost in the smallest one they had. My little sunshine鈥�
Then they took him off to army. I prayed he wouldn鈥檛 be killed. I prayed he wouldn鈥檛 be beaten up and humiliated by the bigger, senior ones-he was so small. He told us how they could force you to clean out the toilets with a toothbrush and wash out other people鈥檚 underpants. That鈥檚 what I was afraid of. He wrote and told us when he was being posted and to send him photos of his mum and sister鈥�.*
He didn鈥檛 write where he was being sent. Two months later we had a letter from Afghanistan. 鈥楧on鈥檛 cry, Mum, our flak-jackets are very good,鈥� he wrote. 鈥極ur flak-jackets are good鈥︹€� My little sunshine鈥�.
I was already expecting him home, he had a month more to go in army. I managed to buy him some shirts, and a scarf, and shoes. They鈥檙e still in the cupboard.
The first thing I knew about it was when a captain from headquarters arrived.
鈥楾ry to be strong, mother鈥�..鈥� That鈥檚 what he called me.
鈥榃here is my son?鈥�
鈥楬ere in Minsk. They鈥檙e bringing him now.鈥�
I fell to the floor. 鈥楳y little sunshine. My little sunshine.鈥� I got up and threw myself at the captain. 鈥榃hy are you alive and my son dead? You鈥檙e big and strong and he鈥檚 so small. You鈥檙e a man and he鈥檚 just boy. Why are you alive?鈥�
They brought in the coffin. I collapsed over it. I wanted to lay him out and they wouldn鈥檛 allow us to open the coffin to see him, touch him, touch him鈥�.Did they find a uniform to fit him? 鈥楳y little sunshine, my little sunshine.鈥� Now I just want to be in the coffin with him. I go to the cemetery, throw myself on the gravestone and cuddle him. My little sunshine鈥�.
( *As part of the regime of military secrecy conscripts are generally sent to their units straight from the training-camp)
..............................................................................
I know there are puritans who consider that interviews and oral history are not literature in the sense intended by Nobel and the sense employed by the Academy all these years. I do not bear any disinclination to "creative-nonfiction" or "Journalistic Literature" (an excellent example in this genre is that of the late Polish Journalist and writer Ryszard Kapu艣ci艅ski whose works like "Emperor", "Sha of Iran" and "Another day of Life" are marvellous testaments of intercultural encounters and life in turbulent times like in Ethiopia, Iran and Angola) so long as the works are great testaments of humanity. Well, this genre is not new also as many writers like Alexander Solzhenitsyn (Gulag Archipelago), Truman Capote and Oliver Sacks have written similar works.
The greatness of that Svetlana Alexievich lies in the fact that though the book is written as a collage of polyphonic voices, the voices are distinctive in many episodes. Being a mother, she excels well in narrating memories of mothers and widows.Her prose is lucid and devastating. She sees things with heart and her Ear is the witness. I couldn鈥檛 read the book at a stretch when I read it in 2006 as many passages gave a lump in my throat and made my eyes misty. Yes, the book is not altogether devoid of sentimentality, though the writer has strived to maintain great restraint, concision and solemnity in her narration. The feminine memory has an adorable charm in this book. Their voices are more ethical than political. I wish to cite one more small passage from the voice of a Widow.
There鈥檚 a big photograph of him hanging on the wall.'Take Daddy down for me鈥�, my little girl asks, 鈥業 want to play with Daddy鈥�. She puts her toys round his picture and talks to him. When I put her to bed at night she asks, 鈥榃ho shot Daddy? Why did they choose Daddy?鈥� I take her to nursery school and when it鈥檚 time to take her home she鈥檚 in tears. 鈥業鈥檓 not leaving school till Daddy comes to fetch me. Where鈥檚 my Daddy?鈥�
What can I tell her? How can I explain? I鈥檓 only twenty-one myself. This summer I took her to my mother in the country, hoping she鈥檇 forget him.
I鈥檓 not strong enough to go on crying day after day鈥 watch a man with his wife and child, three of them going somewhere together and my soul begins to scream鈥�.鈥橧f only you could get up for one single minute to see what a lovely daughter you鈥檝e got .
This incomprehensible war is over for you, but not for me, and for our daughter it will never be over for she鈥檒l go on living after us, Our children are the unhappiest generation of all-they鈥檒l have to take responsibility for everything鈥an you hear me?
Who am I crying to鈥�.
Zinky boys is a marvellous attempt in writing multiple autobiography. The monologues and memories that come alive in Zinky Boys are monumental testimonies of the misfortunes inflicted by mankind.
When I read a few days ago in Ladbroke betting site that Svetlana Alexievich, the great Belarusian writer, is topping as a probable candidate for 2015 Nobel prize for literature, I felt a palpitation in my heart. Ever since I read her book Zinky Boys, I have been a great fan of this writer. Now that she has won the prize, my joy knows no bounds as she is a truly deserving writer to win Nobel Prize. I own two books of her-Zinky Boys and Voices from Cherneobyl. Both of them fall into a kind Oral history of ordinary people entangled in the events that are beyond their control; superhuman events that had torpedoed their life- The Soviet Invasion of Afghan and the Chernobyl Nuclear tragedy. The throng of tragedies that she portrays through episodic narration from the voices of the people and witnesses she had interviewed after the events overwhelm any sensitive reader. The trauma of ordinary people who were incapacitated by the immensity of sorrow as a result of the unforeseen events acquire extraordinary dimension as we read them.
Zinky Boys chronicle the stories of mothers, Generals, widows, Privates, nurses, Civilians and even Military advisors who were traumatized by the soviet invasion of Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. The war claimed about 50,000 Soviet causalities, most whom were young boys recruited to fight the Afghan Mujahideens. The Soviet dead were shipped back home in sealed zinc coffins (Hence the term 鈥榋inky Boys鈥�. The title is an ironic allusion, on the one hand to the zinc coffins used by the Red Army in this war, on the other hand to the Soviet imagery of 鈥榮teel men鈥�, soldier and workers in heroic narratives of earlier wars.) while the state was denying the tragedy and even the very existence of a conflict in Afghanistan. The whole book as I said is a chorus of voices; voices that reverberate with pain and agony. They offer a unique and hauntingly powerful insight into the realities of war and how the iron curtain of Soviet Union made it invisible and improbable.
Here is an excerpt. Note how she builds up the emotional crescendo by repetitions and associations to simple aspects of her child.
MOTHER
He was always small. He was as small as a girl when he was born, just couple of kilos, and he grew up small. I鈥檇 cuddle him and call him my little sunshine.
The only thing he was afraid was spiders. Once he went out to play. We鈥檇 bought him a new coat and when he returned I hung it up in the cupboard and went into the kitchen. A few minute later I heard this strange noise , shelp-shlep, shlep-shlep. The entrance-hall was full of frogs. They were jumping out of his pockets. He picked them all up. 鈥楧on鈥檛 be frightened Mum,鈥� he said, stuffing them back in pockets, 鈥榯hey鈥檙e nice little creature鈥�. My little sunshine鈥�
He loved toys to do with war, tanks, machine guns, pistols. He鈥檇 strap guns round himself and march round the house. 鈥業 鈥榤 a soldier, I鈥檓 soldier.鈥�
When he went to school, we couldn鈥檛 find a uniform to fit him and he was lost in the smallest one they had. My little sunshine鈥�
Then they took him off to army. I prayed he wouldn鈥檛 be killed. I prayed he wouldn鈥檛 be beaten up and humiliated by the bigger, senior ones-he was so small. He told us how they could force you to clean out the toilets with a toothbrush and wash out other people鈥檚 underpants. That鈥檚 what I was afraid of. He wrote and told us when he was being posted and to send him photos of his mum and sister鈥�.*
He didn鈥檛 write where he was being sent. Two months later we had a letter from Afghanistan. 鈥楧on鈥檛 cry, Mum, our flak-jackets are very good,鈥� he wrote. 鈥極ur flak-jackets are good鈥︹€� My little sunshine鈥�.
I was already expecting him home, he had a month more to go in army. I managed to buy him some shirts, and a scarf, and shoes. They鈥檙e still in the cupboard.
The first thing I knew about it was when a captain from headquarters arrived.
鈥楾ry to be strong, mother鈥�..鈥� That鈥檚 what he called me.
鈥榃here is my son?鈥�
鈥楬ere in Minsk. They鈥檙e bringing him now.鈥�
I fell to the floor. 鈥楳y little sunshine. My little sunshine.鈥� I got up and threw myself at the captain. 鈥榃hy are you alive and my son dead? You鈥檙e big and strong and he鈥檚 so small. You鈥檙e a man and he鈥檚 just boy. Why are you alive?鈥�
They brought in the coffin. I collapsed over it. I wanted to lay him out and they wouldn鈥檛 allow us to open the coffin to see him, touch him, touch him鈥�.Did they find a uniform to fit him? 鈥楳y little sunshine, my little sunshine.鈥� Now I just want to be in the coffin with him. I go to the cemetery, throw myself on the gravestone and cuddle him. My little sunshine鈥�.
( *As part of the regime of military secrecy conscripts are generally sent to their units straight from the training-camp)
..............................................................................
I know there are puritans who consider that interviews and oral history are not literature in the sense intended by Nobel and the sense employed by the Academy all these years. I do not bear any disinclination to "creative-nonfiction" or "Journalistic Literature" (an excellent example in this genre is that of the late Polish Journalist and writer Ryszard Kapu艣ci艅ski whose works like "Emperor", "Sha of Iran" and "Another day of Life" are marvellous testaments of intercultural encounters and life in turbulent times like in Ethiopia, Iran and Angola) so long as the works are great testaments of humanity. Well, this genre is not new also as many writers like Alexander Solzhenitsyn (Gulag Archipelago), Truman Capote and Oliver Sacks have written similar works.
The greatness of that Svetlana Alexievich lies in the fact that though the book is written as a collage of polyphonic voices, the voices are distinctive in many episodes. Being a mother, she excels well in narrating memories of mothers and widows.Her prose is lucid and devastating. She sees things with heart and her Ear is the witness. I couldn鈥檛 read the book at a stretch when I read it in 2006 as many passages gave a lump in my throat and made my eyes misty. Yes, the book is not altogether devoid of sentimentality, though the writer has strived to maintain great restraint, concision and solemnity in her narration. The feminine memory has an adorable charm in this book. Their voices are more ethical than political. I wish to cite one more small passage from the voice of a Widow.
There鈥檚 a big photograph of him hanging on the wall.'Take Daddy down for me鈥�, my little girl asks, 鈥業 want to play with Daddy鈥�. She puts her toys round his picture and talks to him. When I put her to bed at night she asks, 鈥榃ho shot Daddy? Why did they choose Daddy?鈥� I take her to nursery school and when it鈥檚 time to take her home she鈥檚 in tears. 鈥業鈥檓 not leaving school till Daddy comes to fetch me. Where鈥檚 my Daddy?鈥�
What can I tell her? How can I explain? I鈥檓 only twenty-one myself. This summer I took her to my mother in the country, hoping she鈥檇 forget him.
I鈥檓 not strong enough to go on crying day after day鈥 watch a man with his wife and child, three of them going somewhere together and my soul begins to scream鈥�.鈥橧f only you could get up for one single minute to see what a lovely daughter you鈥檝e got .
This incomprehensible war is over for you, but not for me, and for our daughter it will never be over for she鈥檒l go on living after us, Our children are the unhappiest generation of all-they鈥檒l have to take responsibility for everything鈥an you hear me?
Who am I crying to鈥�.
Zinky boys is a marvellous attempt in writing multiple autobiography. The monologues and memories that come alive in Zinky Boys are monumental testimonies of the misfortunes inflicted by mankind.
November 15, 2021
毓賱賯賵丕 賮賵賯 丕賱賯亘賵乇 賱賵丨丕鬲 賵丕賳賯卮賵丕 丕賱丨噩乇 .. 兀賳 賰賱 卮卅 賰丕賳 毓亘孬丕 .. 賵 丕賳賯卮賵丕 毓賱賷 丕賱兀丨噩丕乇 賰賷 鬲亘賯賷 毓賱賷 賲乇 丕賱賯乇賵賳
賴匕賴 賴賷 丕賱丨乇亘 賲賳 丕賳鬲氐乇 賵賲賳 賴夭賲 賵賲賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿 .. 賲賳 丕賱噩丕賳賷 賵賲賳 丕賱賲噩賳賷 毓賱賷賴 賱丕 賳毓乇賮 .. 賱賰賳 賰賱 賲丕 賳毓乇賮賴 賲丕 鬲禺賱賮賴 賲賳 丿賲丕乇 賵囟丨丕賷丕 賲賳 氐乇禺丞 兀賲 毓賱賷 丕亘賳賴丕 賵亘賰丕亍 兀禺鬲 毓賱賷 兀禺賷賴丕 賵鬲卮乇賷丿 兀胤賮丕賱 賵毓丕卅賱丕鬲
丨鬲賷 賲賳 賷禺乇噩賵丕 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賷 賯賷丿 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賱丕 賷賰賵賳賵丕 賰賲丕 賰丕賳賵丕 賯亘賱 丕賱丨乇亘 賳賮爻賷丕 兀賵 噩爻丿賷丕 賮賲賳賴賲 賲賳 禺乇噩 亘廿毓丕賯丞 爻鬲丐乇賯賴 胤賵丕賱 丨賷丕鬲賴 賵賲賳賴賲 賲賳 鬲兀孬乇 賳賮爻賷丕 賱丿乇噩丞 鬲賵賯賮鬲 丨賷丕鬲賴 毓賳丿 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賴賷 賲賳 乇賵丕賷丕鬲 丕賱兀氐賵丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲毓丿丿丞 賵賴賷 孬丕賱孬 兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賳賵毓 亘毓丿 丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿 賵賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 賵噩賴 兀賳孬賵賷
賰鬲亘鬲 亘卮賰賱 乇賵丕卅賷 亘爻賷胤 亘丿賵賳 丨亘賰丞 兀賵 鬲毓賯賷丿 賵丕爻鬲毓乇囟鬲 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲兀孬乇鬲 亘丕賱丨乇亘
氐賮丨丕鬲 氐丕丿賯丞 賲賱賷卅丞 亘丕賱兀賱賲
賴匕賴 賴賷 丕賱丨乇亘 賲賳 丕賳鬲氐乇 賵賲賳 賴夭賲 賵賲賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿 .. 賲賳 丕賱噩丕賳賷 賵賲賳 丕賱賲噩賳賷 毓賱賷賴 賱丕 賳毓乇賮 .. 賱賰賳 賰賱 賲丕 賳毓乇賮賴 賲丕 鬲禺賱賮賴 賲賳 丿賲丕乇 賵囟丨丕賷丕 賲賳 氐乇禺丞 兀賲 毓賱賷 丕亘賳賴丕 賵亘賰丕亍 兀禺鬲 毓賱賷 兀禺賷賴丕 賵鬲卮乇賷丿 兀胤賮丕賱 賵毓丕卅賱丕鬲
丨鬲賷 賲賳 賷禺乇噩賵丕 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賷 賯賷丿 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賱丕 賷賰賵賳賵丕 賰賲丕 賰丕賳賵丕 賯亘賱 丕賱丨乇亘 賳賮爻賷丕 兀賵 噩爻丿賷丕 賮賲賳賴賲 賲賳 禺乇噩 亘廿毓丕賯丞 爻鬲丐乇賯賴 胤賵丕賱 丨賷丕鬲賴 賵賲賳賴賲 賲賳 鬲兀孬乇 賳賮爻賷丕 賱丿乇噩丞 鬲賵賯賮鬲 丨賷丕鬲賴 毓賳丿 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘
賮鬲賷丕賳 丕賱夭賳賰 賴賷 賲賳 乇賵丕賷丕鬲 丕賱兀氐賵丕鬲 丕賱賲鬲毓丿丿丞 賵賴賷 孬丕賱孬 兀毓賲丕賱 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱賳賵毓 亘毓丿 丌禺乇 丕賱卮賴賵丿 賵賱賷爻 賱賱丨乇亘 賵噩賴 兀賳孬賵賷
賰鬲亘鬲 亘卮賰賱 乇賵丕卅賷 亘爻賷胤 亘丿賵賳 丨亘賰丞 兀賵 鬲毓賯賷丿 賵丕爻鬲毓乇囟鬲 丕賱卮禺氐賷丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲兀孬乇鬲 亘丕賱丨乇亘
氐賮丨丕鬲 氐丕丿賯丞 賲賱賷卅丞 亘丕賱兀賱賲
April 28, 2025
My fourth book in Non Fiction November, and my second book for Svetlana, whom I discovered with 'Voices from Chernobyl' which I found after watching the Netflix series...
This book would be my first indepth reading about the Afghan war, I've been exposed to Afghanistan before while reading 'The Kite Runner' and 'A Thousand Splendid Suns' for Khaled ElHusseini, but that was on a fictional base, giving a general picture of what the country was before and what it became to after the russians left and the taliban came.The beauty here in this book is that it's written by an opposing voice from within the aggressor side.
The worst thing any nation can do is to consciously start a war by invading another country using the youth of it's people to fuel this aggression, and expect them to come home as heroes, ignoring the atrocities they were forced to commit in the name of their country, even worse, leave them without any help to integrate back within society, and when it turns out they are broken empty shells, that they have gone to war and came back damaged, their government was the first to fail them.
The voices speak from first hand experience of the machinations of war, it is full of hurt, loss, and retellings of the personal experiences of what it really is to be at war, they all confirm it is nothing like the movies, its more brutal and harrowing than the most gory hollywood act.
The book is more into the psych aspect of war, from a gathering of personal insights, presented as it is told by those who experienced it be they survivors or the parents of those who came back in the Zinc coffins that gives the book its name, the book is putting them together to give the reader a glimpse at the abyss of brutality that is war, it is not about the Afghan atrocity itself.
Yet one thing is pretty clear from my reading, that the invasion of Afghanistan was a Russian mistake. And this calls on me to read further on the war itself...
MiM
This book would be my first indepth reading about the Afghan war, I've been exposed to Afghanistan before while reading 'The Kite Runner' and 'A Thousand Splendid Suns' for Khaled ElHusseini, but that was on a fictional base, giving a general picture of what the country was before and what it became to after the russians left and the taliban came.The beauty here in this book is that it's written by an opposing voice from within the aggressor side.
The worst thing any nation can do is to consciously start a war by invading another country using the youth of it's people to fuel this aggression, and expect them to come home as heroes, ignoring the atrocities they were forced to commit in the name of their country, even worse, leave them without any help to integrate back within society, and when it turns out they are broken empty shells, that they have gone to war and came back damaged, their government was the first to fail them.
The voices speak from first hand experience of the machinations of war, it is full of hurt, loss, and retellings of the personal experiences of what it really is to be at war, they all confirm it is nothing like the movies, its more brutal and harrowing than the most gory hollywood act.
The book is more into the psych aspect of war, from a gathering of personal insights, presented as it is told by those who experienced it be they survivors or the parents of those who came back in the Zinc coffins that gives the book its name, the book is putting them together to give the reader a glimpse at the abyss of brutality that is war, it is not about the Afghan atrocity itself.
Yet one thing is pretty clear from my reading, that the invasion of Afghanistan was a Russian mistake. And this calls on me to read further on the war itself...
MiM
July 24, 2020
T么i xin 膽瓢峄 vote cu峄憂 s谩ch n脿y t岷 c岷� c谩c sao m脿 t么i c贸, kh么ng ch峄� b峄焛 t脿i n膬ng k峄� chuy峄噉 c峄 Svetlana Alexievich khi thu th岷璸 nh峄痭g c芒u chuy峄噉 l峄媍h s峄�, 膽瓢a 膽岷縩 ti岷縩g n贸i cho nh峄痭g th芒n ph岷璶 b峄� l茫ng qu锚n, l岷璽 l岷 nh峄痭g k媒 峄ヽ t瓢峄焠g b峄� ch么n v霉i m脿 c貌n b峄焛 s峄� d农ng c岷 c峄 b脿 tr瓢峄沜 nh峄痭g 谩p l峄眂 m脿 cu峄憂 s谩ch 膽茫 g芒y ra, m峄檛 l岷 n峄痑, t么i ph岷 nghi锚ng m矛nh th谩n ph峄 tr瓢峄沜 m峄檛 t脿i n膬ng hi岷縨 c贸.
October 22, 2016
賲丕匕丕 賮賴賲鬲 賴賳丕賰責 廿賳 丕賱禺賷乇 賱賳 賷賳鬲氐乇 兀亘丿丕賸. 賵 丕賱卮乇 賱丕 賷鬲賳丕賯氐 賲賳 丕賱毓丕賱賲 . 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳 賰丕卅賳 賮馗賷毓 . 賵 丕賱胤亘賷毓丞 噩賲賷賱丞 ..
October 8, 2015
What made this book so powerful, so heartbreaking, was its simplicity. In Zinky Boys, Russian journalist Svetlana Alexievich interviews the mothers, widows, civilians and soldiers whose lives were destroyed by the USSR's ten year war in Afghanistan. The 197 pages are filled with dozens of short interviews which left me close to tears, depressed, imagining myself burying a son or thinking what it would take to kill without judgment.
Page 23. An army nurse recalls, "Sometimes we massacred a whole village in revenge for one of our boys... I remember one girl lying in the dust like a broken doll with no arms and no legs... And yet we went on being surprised they didn't love us."
What a quote! "And yet we went on being surprised they didn't love us."
Some of the stories are stuck in my head. A soldier leaping into a trench-- and onto a mine. His legs were blown off. Soldiers admitting they massacred civilians in senseless acts of revenge. Their "confessions" to Alexievich-- how they turned into animals, how they can longer look at a woman, how some wish they could shoot anyone who looks at them the wrong way on the street. Those who survived saw their humanity killed off.
The Soviet Union destroyed Afghanistan. The exact number of lives lost never will be known, but the estimates of Afghan dead are staggering. The Soviets lost at least 15,000 men. Men? I should say boys. Many were conscripts, 18 to 20 years old, who had little military experience, were given unlimited guns and ammo, and learned to kill everything that moved. Alas, zinky boys. The bodies of the Soviet soldiers were shipped home in zinc coffins.
I can picture one of those coffins concealing the maimed body of a Russian teenager, lying in a drab flat in Moscow, a mother draping her body over it, crying out for her son.
Page 32. A mother, whose son was killed doing his "international duty" to defend the Motherland. "I can't carry on any longer, I just can't. I've been dying for two years now. I'm not ill, but I'm dying. My whole body is dead. I suppose we're already dead but nobody knows."
Page 53. A mother. "They brought in the coffin. I collapsed over it. I wanted to lay him out but they wouldn't allow us to open the coffin to see him... Now I just want to be in the coffin with him. I go to the cemetery, throw myself on the gravestone and cuddle him."
There are a couple common themes running through all the interviews. One is betrayal. Nearly all the soldiers and civilians who served in Afghanistan tell Alexievich they believed they were sent to Afghanistan to do good. They were there to defend an ideology, to defend Russia's borders, to help the Afghan people see the truth of socialism. After experiencing the horrors of war, they begin to question.
When they return home (often without eyes, legs, and/or arms), they feel an array of emotions: pride, revulsion, guilt, sadness, longing for love and comradeship-- bonds some mythically believed had been found in the filth of the front lines. And betrayal. Many of the boys --again, think 18 to 20 year olds-- deflect responsibility for their war crimes and place it on the monstrous Soviet government. They resent the criticism launched at them by a public that has also finally learned the truth (Moscow tried to keep secret the average yearly deployment of 100,000 Soviet troops; when the zinc coffins started coming home people began to understand what really was happening).
Some clung to hope.
Page 43. Sergeant-Major. "I accepted the official line so completely that even now, after all I've read and heard, I still have a minute hope that our lives weren't entirely wasted."
Tragedy struck more than once. Families were lied to about their sons' whereabouts (in some cases even the soldiers weren't sure where they were headed). Then the war wrecked their bodies and minds-- and tortured their emotional lives. When the soldiers returned home (alive or in a zinc coffin) they and their families were run over again-- by the shame of fighting in what many began to see as a dirty, useless war.
Yet the war's transformational power wasn't only destructive. Some soldiers admitted longing for what they had in Afghanistan that they could never get again at home: the test of their mortality, the challenge to overcome hardship, the bonds with their fellow men-at-arms. This positive feeling pales in comparison to the overwhelmingly negative vibe that pours from the pages, but it is remarkable nonetheless.
This feeling reminded me of John Keegan's final paragraph in his one-volume study of WWI.. on the mystery of that war. It might be said of many wars. "If we could understand its loves, as well as its hates, we would be nearer understanding the mystery of human life."
Alexievich also received many letters from readers which make up the final pages of Zinky Boys. Some thanked her; others excoriated her for reporting the truth. You can sense some Russians felt liberated at finally being able to criticize their government, for finally being able to learn the truth-- while at the same time being tugged the other way by guilt and shame.
I could not fathom how some Russian civilians blamed themselves for the war. In a country where the people had no say, had no access to information about what was going on? In a nation run by a monstrous government that forced mothers to bury their sons at night so few people would take notice?
Zinky Boys made me reflect on my own responsibility living in a free nation with access to information. It is a heavy question to consider. The book provides an interesting comparison to the U.S and its current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, if you are self-secure enough to walk down that path.
Don't we also believe we are doing good? Don't we also believe we know what's best for others? Don't we also find all kinds of ways to deflect responsibility or rationalize brutal behavior? Don't we all have contradictory feelings tugging inside us, just like the soldiers interviewed by Alexievich? They hated their country for what it made them do, but some didn't necessarily hate what they did. Others did feel the burden of war crimes.
And what is it about war-- the most destructive force on earth-- that provides an opportunity to do the most productive self-reflection?
Thanks to Naeem for recommending a book that got me thinking even more-- and asking more questions-- so that I may continue to dance with my doubt.
Five stars for Zinky Boys-- a shattering book!
Page 23. An army nurse recalls, "Sometimes we massacred a whole village in revenge for one of our boys... I remember one girl lying in the dust like a broken doll with no arms and no legs... And yet we went on being surprised they didn't love us."
What a quote! "And yet we went on being surprised they didn't love us."
Some of the stories are stuck in my head. A soldier leaping into a trench-- and onto a mine. His legs were blown off. Soldiers admitting they massacred civilians in senseless acts of revenge. Their "confessions" to Alexievich-- how they turned into animals, how they can longer look at a woman, how some wish they could shoot anyone who looks at them the wrong way on the street. Those who survived saw their humanity killed off.
The Soviet Union destroyed Afghanistan. The exact number of lives lost never will be known, but the estimates of Afghan dead are staggering. The Soviets lost at least 15,000 men. Men? I should say boys. Many were conscripts, 18 to 20 years old, who had little military experience, were given unlimited guns and ammo, and learned to kill everything that moved. Alas, zinky boys. The bodies of the Soviet soldiers were shipped home in zinc coffins.
I can picture one of those coffins concealing the maimed body of a Russian teenager, lying in a drab flat in Moscow, a mother draping her body over it, crying out for her son.
Page 32. A mother, whose son was killed doing his "international duty" to defend the Motherland. "I can't carry on any longer, I just can't. I've been dying for two years now. I'm not ill, but I'm dying. My whole body is dead. I suppose we're already dead but nobody knows."
Page 53. A mother. "They brought in the coffin. I collapsed over it. I wanted to lay him out but they wouldn't allow us to open the coffin to see him... Now I just want to be in the coffin with him. I go to the cemetery, throw myself on the gravestone and cuddle him."
There are a couple common themes running through all the interviews. One is betrayal. Nearly all the soldiers and civilians who served in Afghanistan tell Alexievich they believed they were sent to Afghanistan to do good. They were there to defend an ideology, to defend Russia's borders, to help the Afghan people see the truth of socialism. After experiencing the horrors of war, they begin to question.
When they return home (often without eyes, legs, and/or arms), they feel an array of emotions: pride, revulsion, guilt, sadness, longing for love and comradeship-- bonds some mythically believed had been found in the filth of the front lines. And betrayal. Many of the boys --again, think 18 to 20 year olds-- deflect responsibility for their war crimes and place it on the monstrous Soviet government. They resent the criticism launched at them by a public that has also finally learned the truth (Moscow tried to keep secret the average yearly deployment of 100,000 Soviet troops; when the zinc coffins started coming home people began to understand what really was happening).
Some clung to hope.
Page 43. Sergeant-Major. "I accepted the official line so completely that even now, after all I've read and heard, I still have a minute hope that our lives weren't entirely wasted."
Tragedy struck more than once. Families were lied to about their sons' whereabouts (in some cases even the soldiers weren't sure where they were headed). Then the war wrecked their bodies and minds-- and tortured their emotional lives. When the soldiers returned home (alive or in a zinc coffin) they and their families were run over again-- by the shame of fighting in what many began to see as a dirty, useless war.
Yet the war's transformational power wasn't only destructive. Some soldiers admitted longing for what they had in Afghanistan that they could never get again at home: the test of their mortality, the challenge to overcome hardship, the bonds with their fellow men-at-arms. This positive feeling pales in comparison to the overwhelmingly negative vibe that pours from the pages, but it is remarkable nonetheless.
This feeling reminded me of John Keegan's final paragraph in his one-volume study of WWI.. on the mystery of that war. It might be said of many wars. "If we could understand its loves, as well as its hates, we would be nearer understanding the mystery of human life."
Alexievich also received many letters from readers which make up the final pages of Zinky Boys. Some thanked her; others excoriated her for reporting the truth. You can sense some Russians felt liberated at finally being able to criticize their government, for finally being able to learn the truth-- while at the same time being tugged the other way by guilt and shame.
I could not fathom how some Russian civilians blamed themselves for the war. In a country where the people had no say, had no access to information about what was going on? In a nation run by a monstrous government that forced mothers to bury their sons at night so few people would take notice?
Zinky Boys made me reflect on my own responsibility living in a free nation with access to information. It is a heavy question to consider. The book provides an interesting comparison to the U.S and its current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, if you are self-secure enough to walk down that path.
Don't we also believe we are doing good? Don't we also believe we know what's best for others? Don't we also find all kinds of ways to deflect responsibility or rationalize brutal behavior? Don't we all have contradictory feelings tugging inside us, just like the soldiers interviewed by Alexievich? They hated their country for what it made them do, but some didn't necessarily hate what they did. Others did feel the burden of war crimes.
And what is it about war-- the most destructive force on earth-- that provides an opportunity to do the most productive self-reflection?
Thanks to Naeem for recommending a book that got me thinking even more-- and asking more questions-- so that I may continue to dance with my doubt.
Five stars for Zinky Boys-- a shattering book!
November 10, 2023
_ 毓噩亘! 倬爻 蹖讴 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿 鬲賲丕賲 毓蹖丕乇 卮丿賴鈥屫й屫屬佖必屬嗀з� ! 噩丿丕 讴賴 賲賵卮 賲賴賵毓蹖 卮丿賴鈥屫й�...
_亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿 鬲賲丕賲 毓蹖丕乇貙賱賵賱丕 ! 賲賳 噩賳诏 賵 鬲賲丕賲蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 賴爻鬲 賳賮蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�...賲賳 丕亘丿丕賸 賵噩賵丿卮 乇丕 賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐�...賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐� 鬲爻賱蹖賲卮 亘卮賵賲...亘賴 丨丕賱 禺賵丿賲 丕卮讴 賳賲蹖鈥屫臂屫操�...
賮賯胤 噩賳诏 賵 賴賲踿 丌丿賲賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫嗂嗀屬嗁佦� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁呚屬嗁� 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丌丿賲 賴丕 丿丕乇賲 賵 賳賴 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿卮.丨鬲蹖 丕诏乇 丌賳鈥屬囏� 賳賴氐丿 賵 賳賵丿 賵 倬賳噩 賲蹖賱蹖賵賳 賳賮乇 賴賲 亘丕卮賳丿 賵 賲賳 蹖讴蹖 鬲賳賴丕貙亘丕夭 賴賲 丌賳 賴丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀屬勝堎勜ж� 賵 賲賳賲 讴賴 丨賯 丿丕乇賲貙趩賵賳 賮賯胤 賲賳賲 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗁� 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐�: 賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐� 賳賻賲蹖乇賲.
_賵賱蹖 賳賮蹖 噩賳诏 睾蹖乇 賲賲讴賳 丕爻鬲貙賮乇丿蹖賳丕賳! 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 賵胤賳 丿乇 禺胤乇 丕爻鬲貙賮賯胤 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿 賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 丕夭 噩賳诏蹖丿賳 卮丕賳賴 禺丕賱蹖 讴賳賳丿...
_倬爻 夭賳丿賴 亘丕丿 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿鈥屬囏� ! 蹖丕 丿乇 賵丕賯毓貙讴丕卮 賮賯胤 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿鈥屬囏� 夭賳丿賴 亘賲丕賳賳丿 ! 賱賵賱丕貙 丌蹖丕 丕爻賲 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 爻乇亘丕夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 胤蹖 噩賳诏 氐丿 爻丕賱賴 讴卮鬲賴 卮丿賳丿貙乇丕 蹖丕丿鬲 賴爻鬲責...
賴乇诏夭 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿蹖 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丕爻賲鈥屬囏� 乇丕 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳蹖 責...
賳讴乇丿蹖貙賲诏乇 賳賴責...
賴乇诏夭 爻毓蹖鈥屬嗂┴必�.丌賳鈥屬囏� 賴賲丕賳賯丿乇 亘乇丕蹖鬲 賳丕卮賳丕爻 賵 诏賲賳丕賲 賵 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲賳丿 讴賴 讴賵趩鬲乇蹖賳 丕鬲賲 丕蹖賳 乇賵 讴丕睾匕蹖 乇賵亘乇賵蹖鬲貙丕夭 賱賯賲踿 氐亘丨丕賳賴鈥屫ж� 亘蹖鈥屫з囐呟屫€屫辟嗀�...倬爻 禺賵丿鬲 亘亘蹖賳 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 賴蹖趩 賵 倬賵趩 賲乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀屬勝堎勜� ! 丕丨賲賯鈥屬囏� 亘乇丕蹖 賴蹖趩 賵 倬賵趩 賲購乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� ! 亘賴 禺丿丕 賯爻賲 讴賴 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲! 禺賵丿鬲 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃� 讴賴 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲! 賮賯胤 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丨爻丕亘 賲蹖鈥屫③屫�.丿乇 賴夭丕乇 爻丕賱 亘毓丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳貙卮乇胤 賲蹖鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 噩賳诏貙賴乇賯丿乇 賴賲 讴賴 丕賱丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 亘丕 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿貙倬丕讴 丕夭 蹖丕丿賴丕 禺賵丕賴丿 乇賮鬲...
卮丕蹖丿 趩賳丿 賳賮乇蹖 丕夭 賲鬲亘丨乇蹖賳 诏丕賴诏丕賴蹖 丕蹖賳噩丕 賵 丌賳噩丕卮 乇丕 亘蹖乇賵賳 亘讴卮賳丿貙讴賴 丌賳賴賲 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲毓蹖蹖賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丿賯蹖賯 诏賵乇賴丕蹖 丿爻鬲賴 噩賲毓蹖 賲卮賴賵乇卮 禺賵丕賴丿 亘賵丿... 丕蹖賳 讴賱 趩蹖夭蹖爻鬲 讴賴 丌丿賲 賴丕 鬲賵丕賳爻鬲賴鈥屫з嗀� 鬲丕 丨丕賱丕 丿乇亘丕乇踿 丕賮乇丕丿 賲禺鬲賱賮 趩賳丿 賯乇賳 倬蹖卮貙趩賳丿 爻丕賱 倬蹖卮 賵 丨鬲蹖 趩賳丿 爻丕毓鬲 倬蹖卮 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳賳丿...賲賳 亘賴 丌蹖賳丿踿 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 賳丿丕乇賲貙賱賵賱丕...
丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲賯丿爻賲:
芦 丕夭 爻賴 賳賯胤賴鈥屬囏� 賲卮禺氐 丕爻鬲貙賱丕夭賲 亘賴 賲毓乇賮蹖 賳蹖爻鬲.禄
_亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿 鬲賲丕賲 毓蹖丕乇貙賱賵賱丕 ! 賲賳 噩賳诏 賵 鬲賲丕賲蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 丌賳 賴爻鬲 賳賮蹖 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�...賲賳 丕亘丿丕賸 賵噩賵丿卮 乇丕 賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐�...賳賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐� 鬲爻賱蹖賲卮 亘卮賵賲...亘賴 丨丕賱 禺賵丿賲 丕卮讴 賳賲蹖鈥屫臂屫操�...
賮賯胤 噩賳诏 賵 賴賲踿 丌丿賲賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫嗂嗀屬嗁佦� 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁呚屬嗁� 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丌丿賲 賴丕 丿丕乇賲 賵 賳賴 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿卮.丨鬲蹖 丕诏乇 丌賳鈥屬囏� 賳賴氐丿 賵 賳賵丿 賵 倬賳噩 賲蹖賱蹖賵賳 賳賮乇 賴賲 亘丕卮賳丿 賵 賲賳 蹖讴蹖 鬲賳賴丕貙亘丕夭 賴賲 丌賳 賴丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀屬勝堎勜ж� 賵 賲賳賲 讴賴 丨賯 丿丕乇賲貙趩賵賳 賮賯胤 賲賳賲 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗁� 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐�: 賲蹖鈥屫堌з囐� 賳賻賲蹖乇賲.
_賵賱蹖 賳賮蹖 噩賳诏 睾蹖乇 賲賲讴賳 丕爻鬲貙賮乇丿蹖賳丕賳! 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 賵胤賳 丿乇 禺胤乇 丕爻鬲貙賮賯胤 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿 賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 丕夭 噩賳诏蹖丿賳 卮丕賳賴 禺丕賱蹖 讴賳賳丿...
_倬爻 夭賳丿賴 亘丕丿 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿鈥屬囏� ! 蹖丕 丿乇 賵丕賯毓貙讴丕卮 賮賯胤 丿蹖賵丕賳賴鈥屬囏� 賵 亘蹖 噩乇亘夭踿鈥屬囏� 夭賳丿賴 亘賲丕賳賳丿 ! 賱賵賱丕貙 丌蹖丕 丕爻賲 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 爻乇亘丕夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 胤蹖 噩賳诏 氐丿 爻丕賱賴 讴卮鬲賴 卮丿賳丿貙乇丕 蹖丕丿鬲 賴爻鬲責...
賴乇诏夭 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿蹖 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丕爻賲鈥屬囏� 乇丕 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳蹖 責...
賳讴乇丿蹖貙賲诏乇 賳賴責...
賴乇诏夭 爻毓蹖鈥屬嗂┴必�.丌賳鈥屬囏� 賴賲丕賳賯丿乇 亘乇丕蹖鬲 賳丕卮賳丕爻 賵 诏賲賳丕賲 賵 亘蹖 丕賴賲蹖鬲賳丿 讴賴 讴賵趩鬲乇蹖賳 丕鬲賲 丕蹖賳 乇賵 讴丕睾匕蹖 乇賵亘乇賵蹖鬲貙丕夭 賱賯賲踿 氐亘丨丕賳賴鈥屫ж� 亘蹖鈥屫з囐呟屫€屫辟嗀�...倬爻 禺賵丿鬲 亘亘蹖賳 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 賴蹖趩 賵 倬賵趩 賲乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀屬勝堎勜� ! 丕丨賲賯鈥屬囏� 亘乇丕蹖 賴蹖趩 賵 倬賵趩 賲購乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� ! 亘賴 禺丿丕 賯爻賲 讴賴 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲! 禺賵丿鬲 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃� 讴賴 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲! 賮賯胤 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丨爻丕亘 賲蹖鈥屫③屫�.丿乇 賴夭丕乇 爻丕賱 亘毓丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳貙卮乇胤 賲蹖鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 噩賳诏貙賴乇賯丿乇 賴賲 讴賴 丕賱丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 亘丕 丕賴賲蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿貙倬丕讴 丕夭 蹖丕丿賴丕 禺賵丕賴丿 乇賮鬲...
卮丕蹖丿 趩賳丿 賳賮乇蹖 丕夭 賲鬲亘丨乇蹖賳 诏丕賴诏丕賴蹖 丕蹖賳噩丕 賵 丌賳噩丕卮 乇丕 亘蹖乇賵賳 亘讴卮賳丿貙讴賴 丌賳賴賲 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 鬲毓蹖蹖賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺 丿賯蹖賯 诏賵乇賴丕蹖 丿爻鬲賴 噩賲毓蹖 賲卮賴賵乇卮 禺賵丕賴丿 亘賵丿... 丕蹖賳 讴賱 趩蹖夭蹖爻鬲 讴賴 丌丿賲 賴丕 鬲賵丕賳爻鬲賴鈥屫з嗀� 鬲丕 丨丕賱丕 丿乇亘丕乇踿 丕賮乇丕丿 賲禺鬲賱賮 趩賳丿 賯乇賳 倬蹖卮貙趩賳丿 爻丕賱 倬蹖卮 賵 丨鬲蹖 趩賳丿 爻丕毓鬲 倬蹖卮 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳賳丿...賲賳 亘賴 丌蹖賳丿踿 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 賳丿丕乇賲貙賱賵賱丕...
丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲賯丿爻賲:
芦 丕夭 爻賴 賳賯胤賴鈥屬囏� 賲卮禺氐 丕爻鬲貙賱丕夭賲 亘賴 賲毓乇賮蹖 賳蹖爻鬲.禄
May 9, 2018
aleksiyevi莽'in elimde en uzun s眉re kalan kitab谋 oldu san谋r谋m. bunun nedenleri 莽e艧itli: -hakk谋nda 莽ok 莽ok az 艧ey bildi臒im bir sava艧 hakk谋nda, afgan-sscb sava艧谋 hakk谋ndayd谋. tabii ki bir s眉r眉 ar谋艧t谋rma yapt谋m ama galiba di臒er kitaplar谋 kadar i莽ine almad谋 beni.
-kitapta sscb askerleriyle yap谋lm谋艧 莽ok fazla s枚yle艧i var, anneler, hem艧ireler, e艧ler de var ama 莽ok tekrar var gibi geldi bir s眉re sonra. bir de hepsi ayn谋 艧eyi anlat谋yor: evet, 莽ok ac谋mas谋z bir sava艧, neye gittiklerini bilmeden kat谋lm谋艧lar, ya艧ananlar zaten korkun莽... di臒er kitaplarda farkl谋 b枚l眉m ba艧l谋klar谋nda farkl谋 bak谋艧 a莽谋lar谋 oluyordu.
- sava艧谋n neden ba艧ar谋s谋z oldu臒u, afganlar谋n gerilla takti臒i ve neden en ba艧ta sava艧a l眉zum g枚r眉ld眉臒眉 de a莽谋klansayd谋 ke艧ke dedim bazen.
yine de ba艧谋m谋z谋n belas谋 i艧id'in, el kaide'nin k枚keni nerede yat谋yor, abd bu i艧in neresinde, hepsi 莽谋k谋yor ara艧t谋r谋l谋nca.
kitab谋n en can ac谋t谋c谋 b枚l眉m眉 枚nce bir g眉zel d枚k眉len anne ve askerlerin sonra yazara dava a莽malar谋. bu dava da kitab谋n sonuna eklenmi艧, 莽ok da iyi olmu艧. ama i莽iniz ac谋ya ac谋ya, hatta a臒layarak okudu臒unuz baz谋 an谋lar谋n sahiplerinin o 莽irkefliklerini g枚rmek de acayip bir his. ki svetlana aleksiyevi莽'in sava艧 kar艧谋tl谋臒谋, bu 莽ocuklara nas谋l bir merhamet duydu臒u o kadar belli ki...
bu arada 莽eviri olduk莽a ba艧ar谋l谋, dipnotlar s眉per!
-kitapta sscb askerleriyle yap谋lm谋艧 莽ok fazla s枚yle艧i var, anneler, hem艧ireler, e艧ler de var ama 莽ok tekrar var gibi geldi bir s眉re sonra. bir de hepsi ayn谋 艧eyi anlat谋yor: evet, 莽ok ac谋mas谋z bir sava艧, neye gittiklerini bilmeden kat谋lm谋艧lar, ya艧ananlar zaten korkun莽... di臒er kitaplarda farkl谋 b枚l眉m ba艧l谋klar谋nda farkl谋 bak谋艧 a莽谋lar谋 oluyordu.
- sava艧谋n neden ba艧ar谋s谋z oldu臒u, afganlar谋n gerilla takti臒i ve neden en ba艧ta sava艧a l眉zum g枚r眉ld眉臒眉 de a莽谋klansayd谋 ke艧ke dedim bazen.
yine de ba艧谋m谋z谋n belas谋 i艧id'in, el kaide'nin k枚keni nerede yat谋yor, abd bu i艧in neresinde, hepsi 莽谋k谋yor ara艧t谋r谋l谋nca.
kitab谋n en can ac谋t谋c谋 b枚l眉m眉 枚nce bir g眉zel d枚k眉len anne ve askerlerin sonra yazara dava a莽malar谋. bu dava da kitab谋n sonuna eklenmi艧, 莽ok da iyi olmu艧. ama i莽iniz ac谋ya ac谋ya, hatta a臒layarak okudu臒unuz baz谋 an谋lar谋n sahiplerinin o 莽irkefliklerini g枚rmek de acayip bir his. ki svetlana aleksiyevi莽'in sava艧 kar艧谋tl谋臒谋, bu 莽ocuklara nas谋l bir merhamet duydu臒u o kadar belli ki...
bu arada 莽eviri olduk莽a ba艧ar谋l谋, dipnotlar s眉per!
December 24, 2016
賱丕賷賲賰賳 廿賷噩丕丿 丕賱丨賯賷賯丞 亘賱丕 兀賱賲貙 賴賰匕丕 乇丿鬲 賰丕鬲亘丞 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 爻賮賷鬲賱丕賳丕 兀賱賷賰爻賷賷賮賷鬲卮 毓賱賶 兀賲賴丕鬲 賵兀賯丕乇亘 丕賱賯鬲賱賶 賮賷 兀賮睾丕賳爻鬲丕賳 賲賳 丕賱噩賷卮 丕賱爻賵賮賷賷鬲賷 毓賳丿賲丕 丨丕賰賲賵賴丕 亘鬲賴賲丞 鬲夭賵賷乇 丕賱丨賯丕卅賯 賵丕賱廿賴丕賳丞 賱賱卮乇賮 賵丕賱賰乇丕賲丞.
賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷氐賳賮 賰乇賵丕賷丞 賲賳 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱賵孬丕卅賯賷 賵丕賱鬲賷 賷爻鬲卮賴丿 賮賷賴丕 丕賱賰丕鬲亘 亘丨丕丿孬丞 賵賯毓鬲 賵賷毓賷丿 氐賷丕睾鬲賴丕 賵丕賱廿囟丕賮丞 毓賱賷賴丕 亘兀爻賱賵亘賴丕 丕賱禺丕氐.
賲賳 兀乇丕丿 賲毓乇賮丞 丨賯賷賯丞 丕賱丨乇亘 賮賱賷賯乇兀 賲丕鬲賯賵賱賴 兀賲賴丕鬲 丕賱賯鬲賱賶 賵兀賯丕乇亘 丕賱賲氐丕亘賷賳貙 賱丕卮賷亍 兀爻賵亍 賲賳 丕賱廿賳禺乇丕胤 賮賷 丨乇亘 賱賲 賷賰賳 賴丿賮賴丕 丕賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳 兀乇囟 丕賱賵胤賳貙 鬲亘賯賶 匕賰乇賷丕鬲 丕賱兀賲賴丕鬲 毓賳 兀亘賳丕亍賴賲 賴賷 賲丨賵乇 賴匕丕 丕賱乇賵丕賷丞 賵兀爻丕爻賴丕貙 丿丕乇 賲賲丿賵丨 毓丿賵丕賳 賰丕賳鬲 賲丨鬲乇賮丞 兀丿亘賷賸丕 亘賳卮乇 賳氐賵氐 丕賱賲賯丕賱丕鬲 賵賲賯鬲胤賮丕鬲 賲賳 噩賱爻丕鬲 賲丨丕賰賲丞 丕賱賰丕鬲亘丞 賱賷毓賱賲 丕賱賯丕乇卅 賲丕丿丕乇 賲賳 爻噩丕賱 丨賵賱 賳卮乇 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賵賰賷賮 鬲賯亘賱賴 兀賴丕賱賷 丕賱賯鬲賱賶 賵丕賱賲氐丕亘賷賳.
賵兀禺賷乇賸丕 賲賳 兀乇丕丿 賲毓乇賮丞 丨賯賷賯丞 丕賱丨乇亘 賮賱賷賯乇兀 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘
March 5, 2022
袧械 屑芯谐邪褌 写邪 锌褉械卸懈胁械褟褌, 褔械 小小小袪 谐芯 薪褟屑邪 胁械褔械鈥�
袩芯褔褌懈 薪械 褋褗屑 锌褉械锌懈褋胁邪谢邪 褑懈褌邪褌懈 蟹邪 褉褗褑械, 泻褉邪泻邪, 褔械褉胁邪, 泻邪泄屑邪鈥� 芯褌 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻邪褌邪 胁芯泄薪邪 (小小小袪-褑懈, 邪褎谐邪薪褑懈 懈 泻邪屑懈谢懈), 邪 褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 屑懈 褋械 褋褌芯褉懈 薪邪泄-薪邪谐谢芯 (胁 褋褗写械斜薪邪褌邪 蟹邪谢邪 谐褉邪卸写邪薪懈薪 泻芯屑械薪褌懈褉邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪 懈 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔):
鈥炐愌€屑懈褟褌邪 薪懈 薪械 斜械褕械 胁芯褞胁邪谢邪 芯褌写邪胁薪邪. 孝邪屑 锌褉芯胁械褉褟胁邪褏屑械 褋械斜械 褋懈, 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪芯褌芯 芯褉褗卸懈械鈥� 袟邪褉邪写懈 褌邪泻懈胁邪 写褉邪褋泻邪褔懈 泻邪褌芯 胁邪褋 写薪械褋 锌褉械写邪胁邪屑械 锌芯蟹懈褑懈懈褌械 褋懈 胁 褑械谢懈褟 褋胁褟褌鈥� 袟邪谐褍斜懈褏屑械 袩芯谢褕邪鈥� 袚械褉屑邪薪懈褟, 效械褏芯褋谢芯胁邪泻懈褟鈥� 袛邪薪芯 写邪 写芯卸懈胁械械屑 写械薪褟, 泻芯谐邪褌芯 袚芯褉斜邪褔芯胁 褖械 斜褗写械 褋褗写械薪 蟹邪 褌芯胁邪. 袠 胁懈械 褋褗褖芯. 袙懈械 褋褌械 锌褉械写邪褌械谢懈. 袣褗写械 褋邪 薪邪褕懈褌械 懈写械邪谢懈? 袣褗写械 械 胁械谢懈泻邪褌邪 薪懈 写褗褉卸邪胁邪?鈥�
袗 懈薪邪褔械 鈥炐π感叫盒拘残秆傂� 屑芯屑褔械褌邪鈥� 械 蟹邪 褌褉懈 薪械褖邪: 小屑褗褉褌 (褍屑褉械谢懈褌械), 小屑褗褉褌 (芯褑械谢械谢懈褌械), 袦邪泄泻懈 (懈 械写懈薪 芯斜械褋懈谢 褋械 斜邪褖邪). 袦芯卸械 写邪 褋械 泻邪卸械 懈 褔械褌胁褗褉褌芯 薪械褖芯: 袨斜懈写邪. 袟邪 芯褑械谢械谢懈褌械 懈谢懈 斜谢懈蟹泻懈褌械 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢懈褌械 鈥� 褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 斜懈谢芯 薪邪锌褉邪蟹薪芯, 锌褉械褋褌褗锌薪芯, 懈蟹屑邪屑薪芯鈥�
鈥炐愋盒� 薪械 褋屑械 薪懈械, 褌邪屑 褖褟褏邪 写邪 褋邪 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褑懈褌械. 袧懈械 褋屑械 懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢懈褋褌懈!鈥�
鈥炐捫感缎葱把呅夹� 薪邪褕懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 芯褋邪泻邪褌械薪懈, 芯斜谐芯褉械谢懈. 袙懈卸写邪褏屑械 谐懈 懈 褋械 褍褔械褏屑械 写邪 屑褉邪蟹懈屑. 袛邪 屑懈褋谢懈屑 芯斜邪褔械 薪械 褋械 褍褔械褏屑械鈥�.
鈥炐⌒靶夹把傂� 邪蟹 谐芯 褍褔械褏: 鈥炐斞娦恍逞娧� 褋懈 械 写褗谢谐, 褋懈薪泻芯. 孝芯泄 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 芯褌写邪写械.鈥�
鈥炐毿拘� 胁懈 泻邪蟹邪, 褔械 褏芯褉邪褌邪 薪械 芯斜懈褔邪褌 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪?鈥�
鈥炐� 锌褗泻 泻芯谐芯 写邪 屑褉邪蟹褟 褋械谐邪鈥︹€�
袧械 屑芯谐邪 写邪 褉邪蟹斜械褉邪 蟹邪褖芯 胁褋械 锌邪泻 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 薪械 屑械 鈥炑呅残靶叫扳€� 泻邪泻褌芯 鈥炐笛€薪芯斜懈谢褋泻邪 屑芯谢懈褌胁邪鈥� 懈谢懈 鈥炐捬€械屑械 褋械泻褗薪写 褏械薪写鈥�. 小谢械写 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 蟹邪 效械褉薪芯斜懈谢 褋 屑械褋械褑懈 褔械褌芯褏 懈 谐谢械写邪褏 屑邪褌械褉懈邪谢懈, 邪 褋械谐邪 芯褖械 锌芯 胁褉械屑械 薪邪 褔械褌械薪械褌芯 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 蟹邪褏胁褗褉谢褟 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 蟹邪 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪. 袠谢懈 械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 锌芯 褉邪蟹谢懈褔械薪 薪邪褔懈薪 芯褌 写褉褍谐懈褌械 泻薪懈谐懈, 懈谢懈 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 褋褌褉邪褕薪邪, 褔械 褋邪屑邪 薪邪褉芯褔薪芯 褋褗屑 褋械 写懈褋褌邪薪褑懈褉邪谢邪. 袧械 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 褋懈 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁褟屑 薪懈褌芯 褋邪屑邪褌邪 泻邪褋邪锌薪懈褑邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪懈褌芯 褍卸邪褋邪 薪邪 屑邪泄泻懈褌械 懈谢懈 蟹邪胁褗褉薪邪谢懈褌械 褋械 芯斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹械薪懈 懈谢懈 锌芯谢褍写械谢懈 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 (锌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯 褋懈谢薪芯/褋褌褉邪褕薪芯 薪邪褔邪谢芯 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪). 袠屑邪 懈 屑芯屑懈褔械褌邪 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪 褋械. 袠 锌邪泻 泻邪褌芯 胁 写褉褍谐懈褌械 泻薪懈谐懈 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 蟹邪 褋芯褑邪 鈥� 袗蟹 褋邪屑/邪 懈褋泻邪褏! 袩邪泻 写褗谢谐, 锌邪泻 褉芯写懈薪邪, 锌邪泻 褔械褋褌... 袣邪泻胁邪 褉芯写懈薪邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪械 蟹薪邪屑, 薪芯 懈 褌械 薪械 蟹薪邪褟褌.
鈥炐椥靶夹感叫靶残靶夹� 写邪 懈蟹锌褗谢薪褟胁邪屑械 懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢薪懈褟 褋懈 写褗谢谐鈥︹€�
鈥炐椥靶啃拘夹叫秆�, 褔械 褋胁械褌芯胁薪懈褟褌 懈屑锌械褉懈邪谢懈蟹褗屑 薪械 褋锌懈, 邪 褍 写芯屑邪 薪懈 芯褔邪泻胁邪褌 泻邪褌芯 谐械褉芯懈.鈥�
袙褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 械褌芯 薪褟泻芯谢泻芯 褉邪蟹薪芯胁懈写薪芯褋褌懈 薪邪 鈥炐愋� 懈褋泻邪褏.鈥�
鈥炐愋� 褋邪屑邪 谐芯 懈蟹锌褉邪褌懈褏 褌邪屑! 小邪屑邪!鈥� (屑邪泄泻邪)
鈥炐捬傃娦恍垦徯残把呅� 薪懈, 胁褌褗谢锌褟胁邪褏邪 薪懈 懈 薪邪泄-薪邪泻褉邪褟 薪懈 胁褌褗谢锌懈褏邪, 褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 鈥炐感窖傂笛€薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪 写褗谢谐.鈥�
鈥炐懷徰� 谐谢褍锌邪泻鈥� 袨褋械屑薪邪泄褋械褌 谐芯写懈褕械薪鈥� 袣邪泻胁芯 谢懈 褋褗屑 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪谢?鈥�
鈥炐⌒靶� 泻邪薪写懈写邪褌褋褌胁邪褏鈥� 袦械褔褌邪械褏 写邪 锌芯锌邪写薪邪 薪邪 褌邪蟹懈 胁芯泄薪邪鈥� 袘械褕械 屑懈 懈薪褌械褉械褋薪芯鈥︹€�
鈥炐斝�, 褍斜懈胁邪褏鈥� 袟邪褖芯褌芯 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 卸懈胁械褟鈥︹€�
鈥炐溞拘佳囆笛傂�, 懈褋泻邪褌械 谢懈 写邪 褉邪斜芯褌懈褌械 薪邪 薪芯胁懈 泻芯谢懈?鈥� (褕芯褎褜芯褉 鈥� 懈蟹屑邪屑械薪, 泻邪蟹邪谢懈 屑褍, 褔械 谐芯 锌褉邪褖邪褌 胁 孝邪褕泻械薪褌)
鈥炐� 褌邪屑 芯褌 薪械 械写懈薪 褋褗屑 褔褍胁邪谢邪 鈥� 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪褕 屑芯卸械 懈 写邪 褌懈 褏邪褉械褋邪, 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪褕 鈥� 褌芯胁邪 械 褍写芯胁芯谢褋褌胁懈械. 孝芯胁邪 械 褋懈谢薪芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁芯.鈥�
鈥�...锌褉邪胁懈谢薪芯 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪 锌芯谢懈褌懈泻邪褌邪 薪邪 锌邪褉褌懈褟褌邪 懈 锌褉邪胁懈褌械谢褋褌胁芯褌芯...鈥�
鈥炐⊙娦残笛傂残靶夹� 胁懈 写邪 褋懈 锌芯屑懈褋谢懈褌械. 袗泻芯 薪械, 褖械 褋械 芯斜邪写懈屑 胁 褍薪懈胁械褉褋懈褌械褌邪 懈 褖械 泻邪卸械屑 褖芯 蟹邪 泻芯屑褋芯屑芯谢泻邪 褋褌械. 袪芯写懈薪邪褌邪 谐芯 懈蟹懈褋泻胁邪鈥︹€� (屑械写. 褋械褋褌褉邪, 锌褉懈薪褍写械薪邪 写邪 蟹邪屑懈薪械)
鈥炐澬把埿秆徰� 懈写械邪谢, 薪邪褕懈褟褌 谐械褉芯泄 械 褔芯胁械泻褗褌 褋 芯褉褗卸懈械鈥︹€�
袟邪褌芯胁邪 胁屑械褋褌芯 泻褗屑 斜芯械胁械褌械 褋械 薪邪褋芯褔懈褏 泻褗屑 写褉褍谐懈 薪械褖邪 鈥� 薪邪锌褉懈屑械褉 泻褍褎邪褉懈褌械 褋褗褋 褋褌芯泻懈, 泻芯懈褌芯 褋械 薪芯褋褟褌 泻褗屑 小小小袪. 袝 蟹邪褖芯, 褋谢械写 泻邪褌芯 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 懈蟹芯褋褌邪薪邪谢 斜褉邪褌褋泻懈褟褌 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻懈 薪邪褉芯写 懈 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 屑褍 褋械 锌芯屑芯谐薪械, 芯褌 褌邪屑 褋械 胁谢邪褔邪褌 写褉械褏懈, 褌械褏薪懈泻邪, 写卸褍薪写褍褉懈懈 鈥� 薪械胁懈卸写邪薪懈 胁 小小小袪 鈥炑佈娦貉€芯胁懈褖邪鈥溾€�
鈥炐捫拘剐叫把傂�, 泻邪蟹邪褏邪 薪懈, 械 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁邪, 薪懈械 锌芯屑邪谐邪屑械 薪邪 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻懈褟 薪邪褉芯写 写邪 锌褉懈泻谢褞褔懈 褋 褎械芯写邪谢懈蟹屑邪 懈 写邪 锌芯褋褌褉芯懈 褋胁械褌谢芯褌芯 褋芯褑懈邪谢懈褋褌懈褔械褋泻芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯. 袟邪 褌芯胁邪, 褔械 薪邪褕懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 蟹邪谐懈胁邪褌, 褋械 屑褗谢褔械褕械.鈥�
鈥炐捬徰€薪芯 谢懈 械, 褔械 懈屑邪 锌邪褉褑邪谢泻懈 懈 胁懈写械芯褌械褏薪懈泻邪 褋 泻褍锌懈褖邪? 袦邪谐薪械褌芯褎芯薪懈, 锌谢械泄褗褉懈鈥� 袣邪泻胁芯 褋懈 写芯薪械褋械? 袦芯卸械 斜懈 薪械褖懈褔泻芯 褖械 锌褉芯写邪写械褕?鈥�
袧械 斜褟褏 懈蟹薪械薪邪写邪薪邪 芯褌 锌芯褋谢械写薪邪褌邪 褔邪褋褌 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 鈥� 褋褗写褟褌 小胁械褌谢邪薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 懈 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袟邪 芯斜懈写邪 薪邪 褔械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 胁芯泄薪懈褑懈褌械鈥� 鈥炐澬感� 蟹邪褖懈褌邪胁邪屑械 褔械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢懈褌械 褋懈 褋懈薪芯胁械. 袙褗褉薪械褌械 懈屑 褔械褋褌褌邪! 袙褗褉薪械褌械 懈屑 袪芯写懈薪邪褌邪! 小褗褋懈锌邪褏褌械 褋褌褉邪薪邪褌邪! 袧邪泄-褋懈谢薪邪褌邪 薪邪 褋胁械褌邪!鈥�
袦芯卸械 斜懈 褌芯胁邪 械 锌褉懈褔懈薪邪褌邪 褌芯褔薪芯 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 写邪 薪械 褋褌懈谐薪邪 懈褋褌懈薪褋泻懈 写芯 屑械薪 鈥� 褏芯褉邪褌邪 褉邪蟹泻邪蟹胁邪褌 薪褟泻邪泻 鈥炑佈傂秆佇叫把傂锯€�, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 械 褌褉褟斜胁邪谢芯 写邪 褋械 屑褗谢褔懈, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 褌械 褋邪屑懈褌械 薪械 褋邪 薪邪褟褋薪芯, 邪 锌芯褋谢械 写芯褉懈 褋械 芯褌泻邪蟹胁邪褌 芯褌 写褍屑懈褌械 褋懈 懈 褋褗写褟褌 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪褌邪. 袛邪 褋械 芯褌泻邪卸邪褌 芯褌 褌邪蟹懈 胁芯泄薪邪, 蟹薪邪褔懈 写邪 褋械 芯褌泻邪卸邪褌 芯褌 卸懈胁芯褌邪 褋懈; 褌邪泻邪, 泻邪泻褌芯 写褟写芯 屑懈 薪械 锌褉械卸懈胁褟, 褔械 褌.薪邪褉. 泻芯屑褍薪懈蟹褗屑 械 斜懈谢 械写懈薪 泻褍褏 斜邪谢芯薪, 褌邪泻邪 懈 屑褗卸械褌械 懈 卸械薪懈褌械 鈥炐狙傗€� 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪 薪械 懈褋泻邪褌 写邪 写芯锌褍褋薪邪褌 胁 褋械斜械 褋懈 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪. 袟邪褌芯胁邪 鈥� 锌褉械写懈屑薪芯 褟写芯褋胁邪薪械褌芯 蟹邪 褋邪屑邪褌邪 胁芯泄薪邪 屑懈 芯褋褌邪薪邪, 薪芯 屑薪芯谐芯 泻芯薪泻褉械褌薪懈 谐械褉芯懈 薪械 蟹邪锌芯屑薪懈褏. 袧邪泄-胁械褔械 械写薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢邪 卸械薪邪 鈥� 懈 泻邪泻 屑邪泄泻邪 褲 褋谢械写 褌芯胁邪 薪械 屑芯卸械 写邪 锌芯薪邪褋褟 锌褉芯谢械褌褌邪, 褋谢褗薪褑械褌芯, 锌褉懈褉芯写邪褌邪, 褉邪写芯褋褌褌邪鈥�
袝褌芯 锌邪泻, 薪械 锌褉械锌懈褋胁邪屑 蟹邪 芯褌泻褗褋薪邪褌懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褕泻懈 谐谢邪胁懈 (18-20 谐芯写懈褕薪懈), 邪 褌芯胁邪 鈥� 蟹邪 鈥炐残敌恍感盒把傂扳€� 懈屑 写褗褉卸邪胁邪:
鈥炐� 写芯 薪械芯褌写邪胁薪邪 斜褟褏屑械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袦芯卸械 懈 写邪 薪械 褋屑械 斜懈谢懈, 薪芯 褋邪屑懈 褋械 褋褔懈褌邪褏屑械 蟹邪 胁械谢懈泻邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪. 袟邪褉邪写懈 褉邪泻械褌懈褌械, 褌邪薪泻芯胁械褌械, 邪褌芯屑薪懈褌械 斜芯屑斜懈. 袠 胁褟褉胁邪褏屑械, 褔械 卸懈胁械械屑 胁 薪邪泄-写芯斜褉邪褌邪, 薪邪泄-褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁邪褌邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袗 胁懈械 薪懈 泻邪蟹胁邪褌械, 褔械 褋屑械 卸懈胁械谢懈 胁 写褉褍谐邪 鈥� 褋褌褉邪褕薪邪 懈 泻褗褉胁邪胁邪. 袣芯泄 褖械 胁懈 锌褉芯褋褌懈 褌芯胁邪? 袧邪褋褌褗锌懈褏褌械 薪懈 锌芯 斜芯谢薪芯褌芯 屑褟褋褌芯鈥� 袧邪泄-写褗谢斜芯泻芯褌芯鈥︹€�
鈥炐⌒⌒⌒� 斜械褕械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪, 蟹邪 屑薪芯蟹懈薪邪 鈥� 泻芯褋褌 胁 谐褗褉谢芯褌芯. 袧械 斜懈 褌褉褟斜胁邪谢芯 褋械谐邪 写邪 褉邪蟹泻邪蟹胁邪屑械 泻褗写械 懈 芯褌 泻芯谐芯 械 斜懈谢邪 锌谢邪薪懈褉邪薪邪 褉邪蟹褉褍褏邪褌邪 薪邪 薪邪褕邪褌邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪. 袙 褌芯胁邪 褔懈褋谢芯 懈 芯褌 褉褗褑械褌械 薪邪 写芯斜褉械 锌谢邪褌械薪懈 袟邪锌邪写薪懈 锌褉械写邪褌械谢懈.鈥�
袠 胁褋械 锌邪泻 鈥� 蟹邪 屑芯屑褔械褌邪褌邪 (屑邪泻邪褉 懈 小. 袗. 写邪 械 懈屑邪谢邪 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹邪褉邪写懈 褌芯蟹懈 芯褌泻褗褋).
鈥炐捬娧€薪邪褏 褋械鈥� 袦邪泄泻邪 屑懈 屑械 褋褗斜谢械褔械, 泻邪褌芯 锌械谢械薪邪褔械, 褑械谢懈褟 屑械 芯锌懈锌邪: 鈥炐ρ徯�-褑械谢械薪懈褔褗泻, 褋胁懈写薪懈褟褌 屑懈!鈥�. 袨褌谐芯褉械 褋褗屑 褑褟谢-褑械谢械薪懈褔褗泻, 邪 胁褗褌褉械 屑械 懈蟹谐邪褉褟. 袨褌 胁褋懈褔泻芯 屑懈 械 蟹谢械: 褟褉泻芯 褋谢褗薪褑械 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械, 胁械褋械谢邪 锌械褋械薪 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械, 薪械褔懈泄 褋屑褟褏 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械. 小褌褉邪褏褍胁邪褏 褋械 写邪 芯褋褌邪胁邪屑 褋邪屑 胁泻褗褖懈, 褋锌褟褏 褋 锌芯谢褍芯褌胁芯褉械薪懈 芯褔懈.鈥�
袩芯褋谢械写薪芯 芯褌 鈥炐π感叫盒拘残秆傂� 屑芯屑褔械褌邪鈥�:
鈥炐⊙冄傃€懈薪褌邪 褌褉褗谐胁邪屑 薪邪 褉邪斜芯褌邪鈥� 小谢懈蟹邪屑 薪邪写芯谢褍 锌芯 褋褌褗谢斜懈褌械, 邪 褌械 屑懈 懈写胁邪褌 薪邪褋褉械褖邪鈥� 孝褉懈屑邪 胁芯械薪薪懈 懈 械写薪邪 卸械薪邪. 袙芯械薪薪懈褌械 胁褗褉胁褟褌 薪邪锌褉械写 懈 胁褋械泻懈 薪芯褋懈 褎褍褉邪卸泻邪褌邪 褋懈 薪邪 谢褟胁邪褌邪, 锌芯谢褍褋胁懈褌邪 褉褗泻邪. 袨褌薪褟泻褗写械 蟹薪邪械褏, 褔械 褌芯胁邪 蟹薪邪褔懈 褌褉邪褍褉. 袟薪邪泻 蟹邪 褌褉邪褍褉鈥� 孝芯谐邪胁邪 褏褍泻薪邪褏 薪械 薪邪写芯谢褍, 邪 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袠 褌械 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯 褉邪蟹斜褉邪褏邪,褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 屑邪泄泻邪褌邪. 袠 褌械 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袠 邪蟹 褌芯谐邪胁邪 鈥� 胁 邪褋邪薪褋褜芯褉邪 懈 薪邪写芯谢褍鈥� 孝褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 懈蟹褋泻芯褔邪 薪邪 褍谢懈褑邪褌邪, 写邪 芯褎械泄泻邪屑! 袛邪 褋械 褋锌邪褋褟! 袛邪 薪械 褔褍胁邪屑 薪懈褖芯. 袧懈褖芯! 袛芯泻邪褌芯 褋褌懈谐薪邪 写芯 锌褗褉胁懈褟 械褌邪卸 鈥� 邪褋邪薪褋褜芯褉褗褌 褋锌懈褉邪褕械, 泻邪褔胁邪褏邪 褋械 褏芯褉邪 鈥� 褌械 胁械褔械 褋褌芯褟褌 褌邪屑 懈 屑械 褔邪泻邪褌. 袧邪褌懈褋泻邪屑 泻芯锌褔械褌芯 懈 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袣褗屑 屑芯褟 械褌邪卸. 效褍胁邪屑 泻邪泻 褌械 胁谢懈蟹邪褌 鈥� 袣褉懈褟 褋械 胁 褋锌邪谢薪褟褌邪. 孝械 褋谢械写 屑械薪鈥� 褎褍褉邪卸泻懈褌械 薪邪 褉褗褑械褌械鈥︹€�
袟邪 褋邪屑懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 懈 屑芯屑懈褔械褌邪 褌邪屑, 薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪, 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪械 屑芯谐邪鈥�; 胁 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 懈屑邪 锌褉械写芯褋褌邪褌褗褔薪芯鈥� 袘懈褏 谐芯胁芯褉懈谢邪 锌芯-屑邪谢泻芯 懈 蟹邪 鈥炐啃拘恍秆傂秆囆笛佇盒秆傂碘€� 邪褋锌械泻褌懈, 薪芯 褋械 薪邪谢邪谐邪 写邪 械 锌芯胁械褔械 蟹邪褉邪写懈 锌褉芯褋褗褖械褋褌胁褍胁邪谢懈褌械 懈谢懈 胁褗蟹褉邪卸写邪褖懈褌械 褋械 锌褉芯-小小小袪-薪邪褋褌褉芯械薪懈褟 (褉械写芯屑 褋 薪械芯薪邪褑懈蟹屑邪).
袩芯褔褌懈 薪械 褋褗屑 锌褉械锌懈褋胁邪谢邪 褑懈褌邪褌懈 蟹邪 褉褗褑械, 泻褉邪泻邪, 褔械褉胁邪, 泻邪泄屑邪鈥� 芯褌 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻邪褌邪 胁芯泄薪邪 (小小小袪-褑懈, 邪褎谐邪薪褑懈 懈 泻邪屑懈谢懈), 邪 褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 屑懈 褋械 褋褌芯褉懈 薪邪泄-薪邪谐谢芯 (胁 褋褗写械斜薪邪褌邪 蟹邪谢邪 谐褉邪卸写邪薪懈薪 泻芯屑械薪褌懈褉邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪 懈 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔):
鈥炐愌€屑懈褟褌邪 薪懈 薪械 斜械褕械 胁芯褞胁邪谢邪 芯褌写邪胁薪邪. 孝邪屑 锌褉芯胁械褉褟胁邪褏屑械 褋械斜械 褋懈, 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪芯褌芯 芯褉褗卸懈械鈥� 袟邪褉邪写懈 褌邪泻懈胁邪 写褉邪褋泻邪褔懈 泻邪褌芯 胁邪褋 写薪械褋 锌褉械写邪胁邪屑械 锌芯蟹懈褑懈懈褌械 褋懈 胁 褑械谢懈褟 褋胁褟褌鈥� 袟邪谐褍斜懈褏屑械 袩芯谢褕邪鈥� 袚械褉屑邪薪懈褟, 效械褏芯褋谢芯胁邪泻懈褟鈥� 袛邪薪芯 写邪 写芯卸懈胁械械屑 写械薪褟, 泻芯谐邪褌芯 袚芯褉斜邪褔芯胁 褖械 斜褗写械 褋褗写械薪 蟹邪 褌芯胁邪. 袠 胁懈械 褋褗褖芯. 袙懈械 褋褌械 锌褉械写邪褌械谢懈. 袣褗写械 褋邪 薪邪褕懈褌械 懈写械邪谢懈? 袣褗写械 械 胁械谢懈泻邪褌邪 薪懈 写褗褉卸邪胁邪?鈥�
袗 懈薪邪褔械 鈥炐π感叫盒拘残秆傂� 屑芯屑褔械褌邪鈥� 械 蟹邪 褌褉懈 薪械褖邪: 小屑褗褉褌 (褍屑褉械谢懈褌械), 小屑褗褉褌 (芯褑械谢械谢懈褌械), 袦邪泄泻懈 (懈 械写懈薪 芯斜械褋懈谢 褋械 斜邪褖邪). 袦芯卸械 写邪 褋械 泻邪卸械 懈 褔械褌胁褗褉褌芯 薪械褖芯: 袨斜懈写邪. 袟邪 芯褑械谢械谢懈褌械 懈谢懈 斜谢懈蟹泻懈褌械 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢懈褌械 鈥� 褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 斜懈谢芯 薪邪锌褉邪蟹薪芯, 锌褉械褋褌褗锌薪芯, 懈蟹屑邪屑薪芯鈥�
鈥炐愋盒� 薪械 褋屑械 薪懈械, 褌邪屑 褖褟褏邪 写邪 褋邪 邪屑械褉懈泻邪薪褑懈褌械. 袧懈械 褋屑械 懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢懈褋褌懈!鈥�
鈥炐捫感缎葱把呅夹� 薪邪褕懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 芯褋邪泻邪褌械薪懈, 芯斜谐芯褉械谢懈. 袙懈卸写邪褏屑械 谐懈 懈 褋械 褍褔械褏屑械 写邪 屑褉邪蟹懈屑. 袛邪 屑懈褋谢懈屑 芯斜邪褔械 薪械 褋械 褍褔械褏屑械鈥�.
鈥炐⌒靶夹把傂� 邪蟹 谐芯 褍褔械褏: 鈥炐斞娦恍逞娧� 褋懈 械 写褗谢谐, 褋懈薪泻芯. 孝芯泄 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 褋械 芯褌写邪写械.鈥�
鈥炐毿拘� 胁懈 泻邪蟹邪, 褔械 褏芯褉邪褌邪 薪械 芯斜懈褔邪褌 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪?鈥�
鈥炐� 锌褗泻 泻芯谐芯 写邪 屑褉邪蟹褟 褋械谐邪鈥︹€�
袧械 屑芯谐邪 写邪 褉邪蟹斜械褉邪 蟹邪褖芯 胁褋械 锌邪泻 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 薪械 屑械 鈥炑呅残靶叫扳€� 泻邪泻褌芯 鈥炐笛€薪芯斜懈谢褋泻邪 屑芯谢懈褌胁邪鈥� 懈谢懈 鈥炐捬€械屑械 褋械泻褗薪写 褏械薪写鈥�. 小谢械写 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 蟹邪 效械褉薪芯斜懈谢 褋 屑械褋械褑懈 褔械褌芯褏 懈 谐谢械写邪褏 屑邪褌械褉懈邪谢懈, 邪 褋械谐邪 芯褖械 锌芯 胁褉械屑械 薪邪 褔械褌械薪械褌芯 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 蟹邪褏胁褗褉谢褟 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 蟹邪 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪. 袠谢懈 械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪邪 锌芯 褉邪蟹谢懈褔械薪 薪邪褔懈薪 芯褌 写褉褍谐懈褌械 泻薪懈谐懈, 懈谢懈 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 褋褌褉邪褕薪邪, 褔械 褋邪屑邪 薪邪褉芯褔薪芯 褋褗屑 褋械 写懈褋褌邪薪褑懈褉邪谢邪. 袧械 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 褋懈 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁褟屑 薪懈褌芯 褋邪屑邪褌邪 泻邪褋邪锌薪懈褑邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪懈褌芯 褍卸邪褋邪 薪邪 屑邪泄泻懈褌械 懈谢懈 蟹邪胁褗褉薪邪谢懈褌械 褋械 芯斜械蟹芯斜褉邪蟹械薪懈 懈谢懈 锌芯谢褍写械谢懈 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 (锌邪泻 屑薪芯谐芯 褋懈谢薪芯/褋褌褉邪褕薪芯 薪邪褔邪谢芯 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪). 袠屑邪 懈 屑芯屑懈褔械褌邪 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪 褋械. 袠 锌邪泻 泻邪褌芯 胁 写褉褍谐懈褌械 泻薪懈谐懈 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 蟹邪 褋芯褑邪 鈥� 袗蟹 褋邪屑/邪 懈褋泻邪褏! 袩邪泻 写褗谢谐, 锌邪泻 褉芯写懈薪邪, 锌邪泻 褔械褋褌... 袣邪泻胁邪 褉芯写懈薪邪 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪械 蟹薪邪屑, 薪芯 懈 褌械 薪械 蟹薪邪褟褌.
鈥炐椥靶夹感叫靶残靶夹� 写邪 懈蟹锌褗谢薪褟胁邪屑械 懈薪褌械褉薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢薪懈褟 褋懈 写褗谢谐鈥︹€�
鈥炐椥靶啃拘夹叫秆�, 褔械 褋胁械褌芯胁薪懈褟褌 懈屑锌械褉懈邪谢懈蟹褗屑 薪械 褋锌懈, 邪 褍 写芯屑邪 薪懈 芯褔邪泻胁邪褌 泻邪褌芯 谐械褉芯懈.鈥�
袙褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 械褌芯 薪褟泻芯谢泻芯 褉邪蟹薪芯胁懈写薪芯褋褌懈 薪邪 鈥炐愋� 懈褋泻邪褏.鈥�
鈥炐愋� 褋邪屑邪 谐芯 懈蟹锌褉邪褌懈褏 褌邪屑! 小邪屑邪!鈥� (屑邪泄泻邪)
鈥炐捬傃娦恍垦徯残把呅� 薪懈, 胁褌褗谢锌褟胁邪褏邪 薪懈 懈 薪邪泄-薪邪泻褉邪褟 薪懈 胁褌褗谢锌懈褏邪, 褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 鈥炐感窖傂笛€薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢械薪 写褗谢谐.鈥�
鈥炐懷徰� 谐谢褍锌邪泻鈥� 袨褋械屑薪邪泄褋械褌 谐芯写懈褕械薪鈥� 袣邪泻胁芯 谢懈 褋褗屑 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪谢?鈥�
鈥炐⌒靶� 泻邪薪写懈写邪褌褋褌胁邪褏鈥� 袦械褔褌邪械褏 写邪 锌芯锌邪写薪邪 薪邪 褌邪蟹懈 胁芯泄薪邪鈥� 袘械褕械 屑懈 懈薪褌械褉械褋薪芯鈥︹€�
鈥炐斝�, 褍斜懈胁邪褏鈥� 袟邪褖芯褌芯 懈褋泻邪褏 写邪 卸懈胁械褟鈥︹€�
鈥炐溞拘佳囆笛傂�, 懈褋泻邪褌械 谢懈 写邪 褉邪斜芯褌懈褌械 薪邪 薪芯胁懈 泻芯谢懈?鈥� (褕芯褎褜芯褉 鈥� 懈蟹屑邪屑械薪, 泻邪蟹邪谢懈 屑褍, 褔械 谐芯 锌褉邪褖邪褌 胁 孝邪褕泻械薪褌)
鈥炐� 褌邪屑 芯褌 薪械 械写懈薪 褋褗屑 褔褍胁邪谢邪 鈥� 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪褕 屑芯卸械 懈 写邪 褌懈 褏邪褉械褋邪, 写邪 褍斜懈胁邪褕 鈥� 褌芯胁邪 械 褍写芯胁芯谢褋褌胁懈械. 孝芯胁邪 械 褋懈谢薪芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁芯.鈥�
鈥�...锌褉邪胁懈谢薪芯 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪 锌芯谢懈褌懈泻邪褌邪 薪邪 锌邪褉褌懈褟褌邪 懈 锌褉邪胁懈褌械谢褋褌胁芯褌芯...鈥�
鈥炐⊙娦残笛傂残靶夹� 胁懈 写邪 褋懈 锌芯屑懈褋谢懈褌械. 袗泻芯 薪械, 褖械 褋械 芯斜邪写懈屑 胁 褍薪懈胁械褉褋懈褌械褌邪 懈 褖械 泻邪卸械屑 褖芯 蟹邪 泻芯屑褋芯屑芯谢泻邪 褋褌械. 袪芯写懈薪邪褌邪 谐芯 懈蟹懈褋泻胁邪鈥︹€� (屑械写. 褋械褋褌褉邪, 锌褉懈薪褍写械薪邪 写邪 蟹邪屑懈薪械)
鈥炐澬把埿秆徰� 懈写械邪谢, 薪邪褕懈褟褌 谐械褉芯泄 械 褔芯胁械泻褗褌 褋 芯褉褗卸懈械鈥︹€�
袟邪褌芯胁邪 胁屑械褋褌芯 泻褗屑 斜芯械胁械褌械 褋械 薪邪褋芯褔懈褏 泻褗屑 写褉褍谐懈 薪械褖邪 鈥� 薪邪锌褉懈屑械褉 泻褍褎邪褉懈褌械 褋褗褋 褋褌芯泻懈, 泻芯懈褌芯 褋械 薪芯褋褟褌 泻褗屑 小小小袪. 袝 蟹邪褖芯, 褋谢械写 泻邪褌芯 械 褌芯谢泻芯胁邪 懈蟹芯褋褌邪薪邪谢 斜褉邪褌褋泻懈褟褌 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻懈 薪邪褉芯写 懈 褌褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 屑褍 褋械 锌芯屑芯谐薪械, 芯褌 褌邪屑 褋械 胁谢邪褔邪褌 写褉械褏懈, 褌械褏薪懈泻邪, 写卸褍薪写褍褉懈懈 鈥� 薪械胁懈卸写邪薪懈 胁 小小小袪 鈥炑佈娦貉€芯胁懈褖邪鈥溾€�
鈥炐捫拘剐叫把傂�, 泻邪蟹邪褏邪 薪懈, 械 褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁邪, 薪懈械 锌芯屑邪谐邪屑械 薪邪 邪褎谐邪薪褋泻懈褟 薪邪褉芯写 写邪 锌褉懈泻谢褞褔懈 褋 褎械芯写邪谢懈蟹屑邪 懈 写邪 锌芯褋褌褉芯懈 褋胁械褌谢芯褌芯 褋芯褑懈邪谢懈褋褌懈褔械褋泻芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯. 袟邪 褌芯胁邪, 褔械 薪邪褕懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 蟹邪谐懈胁邪褌, 褋械 屑褗谢褔械褕械.鈥�
鈥炐捬徰€薪芯 谢懈 械, 褔械 懈屑邪 锌邪褉褑邪谢泻懈 懈 胁懈写械芯褌械褏薪懈泻邪 褋 泻褍锌懈褖邪? 袦邪谐薪械褌芯褎芯薪懈, 锌谢械泄褗褉懈鈥� 袣邪泻胁芯 褋懈 写芯薪械褋械? 袦芯卸械 斜懈 薪械褖懈褔泻芯 褖械 锌褉芯写邪写械褕?鈥�
袧械 斜褟褏 懈蟹薪械薪邪写邪薪邪 芯褌 锌芯褋谢械写薪邪褌邪 褔邪褋褌 薪邪 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 鈥� 褋褗写褟褌 小胁械褌谢邪薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 懈 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪. 袟邪 芯斜懈写邪 薪邪 褔械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 胁芯泄薪懈褑懈褌械鈥� 鈥炐澬感� 蟹邪褖懈褌邪胁邪屑械 褔械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢懈褌械 褋懈 褋懈薪芯胁械. 袙褗褉薪械褌械 懈屑 褔械褋褌褌邪! 袙褗褉薪械褌械 懈屑 袪芯写懈薪邪褌邪! 小褗褋懈锌邪褏褌械 褋褌褉邪薪邪褌邪! 袧邪泄-褋懈谢薪邪褌邪 薪邪 褋胁械褌邪!鈥�
袦芯卸械 斜懈 褌芯胁邪 械 锌褉懈褔懈薪邪褌邪 褌芯褔薪芯 褌邪蟹懈 泻薪懈谐邪 薪邪 袗谢械泻褋懈械胁懈褔 写邪 薪械 褋褌懈谐薪邪 懈褋褌懈薪褋泻懈 写芯 屑械薪 鈥� 褏芯褉邪褌邪 褉邪蟹泻邪蟹胁邪褌 薪褟泻邪泻 鈥炑佈傂秆佇叫把傂锯€�, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 械 褌褉褟斜胁邪谢芯 写邪 褋械 屑褗谢褔懈, 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 褌械 褋邪屑懈褌械 薪械 褋邪 薪邪褟褋薪芯, 邪 锌芯褋谢械 写芯褉懈 褋械 芯褌泻邪蟹胁邪褌 芯褌 写褍屑懈褌械 褋懈 懈 褋褗写褟褌 邪胁褌芯褉泻邪褌邪. 袛邪 褋械 芯褌泻邪卸邪褌 芯褌 褌邪蟹懈 胁芯泄薪邪, 蟹薪邪褔懈 写邪 褋械 芯褌泻邪卸邪褌 芯褌 卸懈胁芯褌邪 褋懈; 褌邪泻邪, 泻邪泻褌芯 写褟写芯 屑懈 薪械 锌褉械卸懈胁褟, 褔械 褌.薪邪褉. 泻芯屑褍薪懈蟹褗屑 械 斜懈谢 械写懈薪 泻褍褏 斜邪谢芯薪, 褌邪泻邪 懈 屑褗卸械褌械 懈 卸械薪懈褌械 鈥炐狙傗€� 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪 薪械 懈褋泻邪褌 写邪 写芯锌褍褋薪邪褌 胁 褋械斜械 褋懈 懈褋褌懈薪邪褌邪. 袟邪褌芯胁邪 鈥� 锌褉械写懈屑薪芯 褟写芯褋胁邪薪械褌芯 蟹邪 褋邪屑邪褌邪 胁芯泄薪邪 屑懈 芯褋褌邪薪邪, 薪芯 屑薪芯谐芯 泻芯薪泻褉械褌薪懈 谐械褉芯懈 薪械 蟹邪锌芯屑薪懈褏. 袧邪泄-胁械褔械 械写薪邪 蟹邪谐懈薪邪谢邪 卸械薪邪 鈥� 懈 泻邪泻 屑邪泄泻邪 褲 褋谢械写 褌芯胁邪 薪械 屑芯卸械 写邪 锌芯薪邪褋褟 锌褉芯谢械褌褌邪, 褋谢褗薪褑械褌芯, 锌褉懈褉芯写邪褌邪, 褉邪写芯褋褌褌邪鈥�
袝褌芯 锌邪泻, 薪械 锌褉械锌懈褋胁邪屑 蟹邪 芯褌泻褗褋薪邪褌懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褕泻懈 谐谢邪胁懈 (18-20 谐芯写懈褕薪懈), 邪 褌芯胁邪 鈥� 蟹邪 鈥炐残敌恍感盒把傂扳€� 懈屑 写褗褉卸邪胁邪:
鈥炐� 写芯 薪械芯褌写邪胁薪邪 斜褟褏屑械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袦芯卸械 懈 写邪 薪械 褋屑械 斜懈谢懈, 薪芯 褋邪屑懈 褋械 褋褔懈褌邪褏屑械 蟹邪 胁械谢懈泻邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪. 袟邪褉邪写懈 褉邪泻械褌懈褌械, 褌邪薪泻芯胁械褌械, 邪褌芯屑薪懈褌械 斜芯屑斜懈. 袠 胁褟褉胁邪褏屑械, 褔械 卸懈胁械械屑 胁 薪邪泄-写芯斜褉邪褌邪, 薪邪泄-褋锌褉邪胁械写谢懈胁邪褌邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪. 袗 胁懈械 薪懈 泻邪蟹胁邪褌械, 褔械 褋屑械 卸懈胁械谢懈 胁 写褉褍谐邪 鈥� 褋褌褉邪褕薪邪 懈 泻褗褉胁邪胁邪. 袣芯泄 褖械 胁懈 锌褉芯褋褌懈 褌芯胁邪? 袧邪褋褌褗锌懈褏褌械 薪懈 锌芯 斜芯谢薪芯褌芯 屑褟褋褌芯鈥� 袧邪泄-写褗谢斜芯泻芯褌芯鈥︹€�
鈥炐⌒⌒⌒� 斜械褕械 胁械谢懈泻邪 写褗褉卸邪胁邪, 蟹邪 屑薪芯蟹懈薪邪 鈥� 泻芯褋褌 胁 谐褗褉谢芯褌芯. 袧械 斜懈 褌褉褟斜胁邪谢芯 褋械谐邪 写邪 褉邪蟹泻邪蟹胁邪屑械 泻褗写械 懈 芯褌 泻芯谐芯 械 斜懈谢邪 锌谢邪薪懈褉邪薪邪 褉邪蟹褉褍褏邪褌邪 薪邪 薪邪褕邪褌邪 褋褌褉邪薪邪. 袙 褌芯胁邪 褔懈褋谢芯 懈 芯褌 褉褗褑械褌械 薪邪 写芯斜褉械 锌谢邪褌械薪懈 袟邪锌邪写薪懈 锌褉械写邪褌械谢懈.鈥�
袠 胁褋械 锌邪泻 鈥� 蟹邪 屑芯屑褔械褌邪褌邪 (屑邪泻邪褉 懈 小. 袗. 写邪 械 懈屑邪谢邪 锌褉芯斜谢械屑懈 褌芯褔薪芯 蟹邪褉邪写懈 褌芯蟹懈 芯褌泻褗褋).
鈥炐捬娧€薪邪褏 褋械鈥� 袦邪泄泻邪 屑懈 屑械 褋褗斜谢械褔械, 泻邪褌芯 锌械谢械薪邪褔械, 褑械谢懈褟 屑械 芯锌懈锌邪: 鈥炐ρ徯�-褑械谢械薪懈褔褗泻, 褋胁懈写薪懈褟褌 屑懈!鈥�. 袨褌谐芯褉械 褋褗屑 褑褟谢-褑械谢械薪懈褔褗泻, 邪 胁褗褌褉械 屑械 懈蟹谐邪褉褟. 袨褌 胁褋懈褔泻芯 屑懈 械 蟹谢械: 褟褉泻芯 褋谢褗薪褑械 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械, 胁械褋械谢邪 锌械褋械薪 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械, 薪械褔懈泄 褋屑褟褏 鈥� 蟹谢械 屑懈 械. 小褌褉邪褏褍胁邪褏 褋械 写邪 芯褋褌邪胁邪屑 褋邪屑 胁泻褗褖懈, 褋锌褟褏 褋 锌芯谢褍芯褌胁芯褉械薪懈 芯褔懈.鈥�
袩芯褋谢械写薪芯 芯褌 鈥炐π感叫盒拘残秆傂� 屑芯屑褔械褌邪鈥�:
鈥炐⊙冄傃€懈薪褌邪 褌褉褗谐胁邪屑 薪邪 褉邪斜芯褌邪鈥� 小谢懈蟹邪屑 薪邪写芯谢褍 锌芯 褋褌褗谢斜懈褌械, 邪 褌械 屑懈 懈写胁邪褌 薪邪褋褉械褖邪鈥� 孝褉懈屑邪 胁芯械薪薪懈 懈 械写薪邪 卸械薪邪. 袙芯械薪薪懈褌械 胁褗褉胁褟褌 薪邪锌褉械写 懈 胁褋械泻懈 薪芯褋懈 褎褍褉邪卸泻邪褌邪 褋懈 薪邪 谢褟胁邪褌邪, 锌芯谢褍褋胁懈褌邪 褉褗泻邪. 袨褌薪褟泻褗写械 蟹薪邪械褏, 褔械 褌芯胁邪 蟹薪邪褔懈 褌褉邪褍褉. 袟薪邪泻 蟹邪 褌褉邪褍褉鈥� 孝芯谐邪胁邪 褏褍泻薪邪褏 薪械 薪邪写芯谢褍, 邪 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袠 褌械 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯 褉邪蟹斜褉邪褏邪,褔械 褌芯胁邪 械 屑邪泄泻邪褌邪. 袠 褌械 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袠 邪蟹 褌芯谐邪胁邪 鈥� 胁 邪褋邪薪褋褜芯褉邪 懈 薪邪写芯谢褍鈥� 孝褉褟斜胁邪 写邪 懈蟹褋泻芯褔邪 薪邪 褍谢懈褑邪褌邪, 写邪 芯褎械泄泻邪屑! 袛邪 褋械 褋锌邪褋褟! 袛邪 薪械 褔褍胁邪屑 薪懈褖芯. 袧懈褖芯! 袛芯泻邪褌芯 褋褌懈谐薪邪 写芯 锌褗褉胁懈褟 械褌邪卸 鈥� 邪褋邪薪褋褜芯褉褗褌 褋锌懈褉邪褕械, 泻邪褔胁邪褏邪 褋械 褏芯褉邪 鈥� 褌械 胁械褔械 褋褌芯褟褌 褌邪屑 懈 屑械 褔邪泻邪褌. 袧邪褌懈褋泻邪屑 泻芯锌褔械褌芯 懈 薪邪谐芯褉械鈥� 袣褗屑 屑芯褟 械褌邪卸. 效褍胁邪屑 泻邪泻 褌械 胁谢懈蟹邪褌 鈥� 袣褉懈褟 褋械 胁 褋锌邪谢薪褟褌邪. 孝械 褋谢械写 屑械薪鈥� 褎褍褉邪卸泻懈褌械 薪邪 褉褗褑械褌械鈥︹€�
袟邪 褋邪屑懈褌械 屑芯屑褔械褌邪 懈 屑芯屑懈褔械褌邪 褌邪屑, 薪邪 胁芯泄薪邪褌邪, 胁 袗褎谐邪薪懈褋褌邪薪, 薪械 屑芯谐邪鈥�; 胁 泻薪懈谐邪褌邪 懈屑邪 锌褉械写芯褋褌邪褌褗褔薪芯鈥� 袘懈褏 谐芯胁芯褉懈谢邪 锌芯-屑邪谢泻芯 懈 蟹邪 鈥炐啃拘恍秆傂秆囆笛佇盒秆傂碘€� 邪褋锌械泻褌懈, 薪芯 褋械 薪邪谢邪谐邪 写邪 械 锌芯胁械褔械 蟹邪褉邪写懈 锌褉芯褋褗褖械褋褌胁褍胁邪谢懈褌械 懈谢懈 胁褗蟹褉邪卸写邪褖懈褌械 褋械 锌褉芯-小小小袪-薪邪褋褌褉芯械薪懈褟 (褉械写芯屑 褋 薪械芯薪邪褑懈蟹屑邪).
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