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"Foreigners could not buy American exports without a means of payment [...] The Korean War seemed to resolve this set of problems by shifting the U.S. balance of payments into deficit. Confrontation with Communism became a catalyst for U.S. military and aid programs abroad. Congress was much more willing to provide countries with dollars via anti-Communist or national defense programs than by outright gifts or loans"

"In administering these Inter-Ally [WWI] debts, U.S. Government aims and objectives were different from those of the private sector investment capital on which Hobson and Lenin had focused in their analysis of Europe’s imperial conflicts. The United States had a unique perception of its place and role in the world, and hence of its self-interest."

“These acts recall the 1971�72 “Chicken War� between America and Europe, and the grain embargo that quadrupled wheat prices outside of the United States. It was this embargo that inspired OPEC to enact matching increases in oil prices to maintain terms-of-trade parity between oil and foodstuffs. The “oil shock� was simply a reverberation of the U.S. grain shock.�