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حرمت‌شکنی�

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جورجو آگامبن، فیلسوف ایتالیایی، همواره خواننده‌� نکته‌سن� و خلاق متن‌ها� گوناگون بوده است. همواره درصدد فهم معانی و تأثیرات غنی و کثیرِ تاریخی و زیباشناختی و سیاسی آن‌ه� بوده. در حرمت‌شکنیا� آگامبن برای نخستین بار بعضی از اساسی‌تری� جستارهایش را درباره‌� عکاسی و رمان و فیلم در یک مجلد گرد آورده است. حرمت‌شکنی� تعمقی است درباره‌� خاطره و فراموشی، درباره‌� آنچه از دست رفته و آنچه برجای می‌مان� و بار دیگر ثابت می‌کن� آگامبن یکی از بحث‌برانگیزتری� نویسندگان زمانه‌� ماست.

گستره‌� موضوع‌ه� و مضمون‌های� که در این کتاب بررسی شده‌ان� خود گواه خلاقیت وجه تفکر بی‌همتا� آگامبن و کوشش پیگیر اوست.

128 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2005

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About the author

Giorgio Agamben

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Giorgio Agamben is one of the leading figures in Italian and contemporary continental philosophy. He is the author of Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life; Remnants of Auschwitz: The Witness and the Archive; Profanations; The Signature of All Things: On Method, and other books. Through the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s he treated a wide range of topics, including aesthetics, literature, language, ontology, nihilism, and radical political thought.

In recent years, his work has had a deep impact on contemporary scholarship in a number of disciplines in the Anglo-American intellectual world. Born in Rome in 1942, Agamben completed studies in Law and Philosophy with a doctoral thesis on the political thought of Simone Weil, and participated in Martin Heidegger’s seminars on Hegel and Heraclitus as a postdoctoral scholar.

He rose to international prominence after the publication of Homo Sacer in 1995. Translated into English in 1998, the book’s analyses of law, life, and state power appeared uncannily prescient after the attacks on New York City and Washington, DC in September 2001, and the resultant shifts in the geopolitical landscape. Provoking a wave of scholarly interest in the philosopher’s work, the book also marked the beginning of a 20-year research project, which represents Agamben’s most important contribution to political philosophy.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 65 reviews
Profile Image for Mana Ravanbod.
380 reviews230 followers
June 8, 2023
جستارهای کتاب بخصوص قطعاتی که نگران قطعاتی از بنیامین است فوق‌العاد� بود. بعضی ارجاعات متنها را با چندباره خواندن هم درنمی‌یافت� که گمان نمی‌کن� مسئله از ترجمه و برابرنهادها باشد غالباً. خیلی وقت بود کتاب کوچکی نخوانده بودم که در میانه‌� کار چشم ببندم و از ترکیب‌بند� جملات و نوع تقرب رتوریک به موضوع و بسط موضوع لذت ببرم. ساختار این متنها اغلب همان چیزی بود که من در متنهای کوتاه جستارگونه دوستتر می‌دار�: گاهی رها و با خط‌وربط� خلاقانه و جهش فکری به سیاق شعر � مثلاً آن قطعه‌� کوتاه هشت-نه سطری در میانه‌� جستار اول که لذت کودکان را از چشم‌گذاشت� و پنهان شدن و بعد پیدا شدن قیاس می‌کن� با رفتار شاعران در پنهان شدن و میل به دیده نشدن آن دیگری وقتی در نوع نوشتن یا امضا پس بعضی خطاها یا رمزوارنوشتن‌ه� پناه می‌گیر�. این کیفیت «شعر» است که آدمی ببیند دلش می‌خواه� متن را در یک صفحه مثل نقاشی تمام و کمال از سر تا ته پیش چشم داشته باشد.
Profile Image for roz_anthi.
170 reviews159 followers
November 20, 2022
Ποι@ ψήνεται να ιδρύσουμε σύνδεσμο ΑΓΑΜΠΕΝ ΧΟΥΛΙΓΚΑΝΣ;
Profile Image for Tahmineh Baradaran.
555 reviews133 followers
November 18, 2020
درک دقیق و کاملی از مباحث اقتصادی و فلسفی ندارم . مثلا " سالهاست که اگر امروز مفهوم " ارزش اضافی " مطرح شده مارکس را خوانده و فکرکرده ام که آن راکاملا" دریافته ام ، درکمترازیک شبانه روزمتوجه شده ام که دراشتباه بوده ام . البته درمواجهه با فلسفه وضعیت بهتری دارم.
شاید اگر قطرکتاب کم نبود و نمیدانستم که درده فصل مختصر" نگاهی به دنیای هنر ، فیلم ، عکاسی و...دارد ، امکان نداشت که به سراغش بروم . تا آنجا که من برداشت کردم خوشم آمد .یکی دو فصل راهم خیلی کم فهمیدم که برمن حرجی نبود. ازمتن یکی از فصل ها :
هیچ‌چی� در دنیا ساده‌ت� و بشری‌ت� از میل‌ورزید� نیست. پس چرا نمی‌توانی� میل‌ها� خود را اظهار كنیم؟ چرا بیان‌كرد� و به قالب كلمات ریختن میل‌ه� برای ما این‌قد� دشوار است؟ این كار به قدری دشوار است كه سرانجام آنها را مخفی می‌كنی� و جایی در نهانخانه دلمان دخمه‌ا� برای آنها می‌سازی� و میل‌ه� در آن دخمه مومیایی و مدفون می‌شوند� معلق می‌شون� و چشم‌به‌را� می‌مانن�.
ما قادر نیستیم میل‌ها� خویش را در قالب زبان بریزیم، چراکه آنها را تصور کرده‌ایم� «تصورکردن» به معنای اخص، یعنی از آنها تصوری در ذهن خود ساخته‌ای�. درواقع، در دخمه درونمان چیزی به جز مشتی تصویر نیست، مثل کتاب مصوری برای کودکانی که هنوز خواندن نمی‌دانن�.
درمیان‌گذاشت� میل‌ها� به‌تصویردرآمد� و تصویرهای مورد میل، اما، کار دشواری است. به همین سبب است که ما این کار را به بعد موکول می‌کنی�. موکول می‌کنی� به لحظه‌ا� که رفته‌رفت� در می‌یابی� میل‌ما� تا ابد برنیاورده خواهد ماند- و در‌می‌یابی� که این میل اظهارنشده، خودِ واقعی ماست که تا ابد در دخمه درونمان زندانی شده است .

بحث کوتاهی هم درفصل حرمت شکنی ها راجع به صنعت هرزه نمایی ( پورنوگرافی ) دارد که برای من جدید وجالب بود.
Profile Image for Negar.
57 reviews2 followers
September 7, 2024
موضوعات و ایده های جدیدی مطرح میکنه،از انسان شناسی گرفته تا سرمایه داری ،میل و ...
و برام خیلی جالب بود که تجربه ها از همه جا گرد اومده بودن، از قایم باشک های بچگی گرفته تا کتاب های فوکو و جامعه نمایش و گردشگری و عکاسی و سینما و رمان های مختلف.
مجموعه زیبایی بود ولی به نظرم یکم قبلش آمادگی میخواد مثلا اونجا ها که راجع به مصرف و استفاده حرف میزنه یکم پیشینه از وضع بشر(هانا آرنت) و جامعه نمایش(مثلا کتاب گی دوبور) نیازه برای درک بهتر ، یا قسمتی که از فوکو صحبت میکنه که من چون زیاد فوکو نخوندم ی جاهایی سخت بود برام. در کل اگه دنبال ایده های ناب و یه دید جدید و جالب از فلسفه هستین کتاب خوبیه.
Profile Image for Amin.
54 reviews13 followers
September 27, 2024
ترجمه‌� بسیار خوبی داره
39 reviews
September 10, 2007
Similar to his Idea of Prose, Profanations is a series of short writings spanning Agamben's various literary and philosophical concerns. The main essay, "In Praise of Profanation," seems to function as a bridge of sorts between earlier and later components of A.'s Homo Sacer series (from 1995's volume I to 2007's The Kingdom and the Glory, vol. II:2).

The reflections on W. Benjamin's "Capitalism as Religion" are astute, although A. still seems to assume that Roman legal code in all its nuances is the secret cypher of reality, which is a dubious assumption, no matter how philologically correct the readings are (!). Some familiar themes (the significance of gesture, pornography, etc.) resurface; his ruminations on theological concepts make a certain literary sense within his framework, but one wonders how seriously he really takes his own formulations (especially in light of the sense of play advocated, and profaning as creating new uses). I found the most intriguing and developed sections to be the "Parody" chapter and the conclusion of "Special Being," which elegantly redefines Debord's sense of "spectacle" in relation to medieval debates on the metaphysical status of images (! -- in that regard, complements his "Shekinah" chapter in The Coming Community, which reformulated Debord via a Rabbinic allegory; that short chapter is still probably the best and most succinct secondary writing on The Society of the Spectacle around, forgiving the book all its defects while restating its main impetus more elegantly than Debord himself probably ever could have).

So, it's in these shorter, more casual writings (as in Idea of Prose, Means Without End) where Agamben reveals some of the assumptions that often go unstated or passed over in his longer or more formally restricted books. A. states in "Judgment Day": "I know with absolute certainty that she ['a photograph -- a rather well-known one, in fact -- that shows the face of a young Brazilian girl, who seems to stare harshly at me'] is and will be my judge, today as on the final judgment day" (p. 26). One just wonders if he's as absolutely certain about all his playful/profaned claims about angels, demons, and the messiah (!).

It's strange to think that so much learning and erudition, which A. clearly possesses in abundance, in the end is willingly resigned to just play (rather than to knowledge, or to experience...) -- but what to A. is just playing around still results in an interesting book (& beautifully designed by the Zone Books crew).
Profile Image for Miss Ravi.
Author1 book1,143 followers
March 17, 2025
سانچو پانزا پا در سالن سینمای شهرستانی دور از پایتخت می‌گذار�. دنبال دن کیشوت می‌گرد� و می‌بین� او گوشه‌� سالن نشسته و زل زده به پرده‌� نمایش. سالن تقریباً پر است. در بالکن که به تراس بزرگی می‌ماند� بچه‌های� ازدحام کرده‌ان� که مدام سروصدا می‌کنن�. پس از چند تلاش نافرجام برای رسیدن به دن کیشوت، سانچو با اکراه در یکی از صندلی‌ها� ردیف جلو می‌نشین�. کنار دخترکی (دلسینئا) که آب‌نبا� چوبی تعارفش می‌کن�. پخش فیلم شروع شده؛ فیلمی تاریخی است. روی پرده، شهسوارانی زره‌پو� سوار بر اسب می‌تازن�. ناگهان زنی بر پرده‌� نمایش ظاهر می‌شو�. در خطر است. دن کیشوت هولکی برمی‌خیز�. تیغ از نیام برمی‌کشد� به پرده‌� نمایش هجوم می‌بر� و با چند ضربه آغازه می‌کن� به پاره کردن پرده. زن و شهسواران را همچنان می‌توا� بر پرده دید، اما چاک سیاهی که شمشیر دن کیشوت در پرده پدید آورده بزرگ و بزرگتر می‌شو� و تصویرها را با سرسختی به کام خود فرومی‌بر�. در پایان، هیچ از پرده به جا نمی‌مان� و تنها داربست چوبی در دید می‌مان�. تماشاگران خشمگین سالن را ترک می‌کنند� اما بچه‌ه� در بالکن همچنان دیوانه‌وا� دن کیشوت را تشویق می‌کنن�. فقط دخترک است که آن پایین در سالن ایستاده و ناخشنود به او چشم دوخته است.
با تخیلات خویش چه باید کنیم؟ دوست‌شا� بداریم و باورشان کنیم تا آن حد که مجبور شویم نابود و مخدوش‌شا� کنیم، اما هنگامی که تخیلاتمان آخر سر نشان می‌دهن� که خالی‌ان� و برنیاورده، هنگامی‌ک� پوچی و بی‌معنابودن� را که از آن ساخته شده‌اند� نشان می‌دهند� فقط آن هنگام می‌توانی� بهای حقیقت‌شا� را بپردازیم و درک کنیم که دلسینئا که جانش را نجات داده‌ای� نمی‌توان� به ما عشق ورزد.
Profile Image for Ѿš.
144 reviews
January 16, 2022
Srednjevekovni mislioci su izgled zvali intentio, namera. Termin imenuje unutrašnji naboj (intus tensio) svakog bića, koji ga nagoni da stvori svoju sliku, da saopšti sebe. Izgled, u ovom smislu, nije drugo do naboj, ljubav kojom svako biće želi samo sebe, želi da opstane u sopstvenom biću, da saopšti sebe. U slici, biće i žudnja, postojanje i naprezanje savršeno se podudaraju. Voleti drugo biće znači: želeti njegov izgled, to jest, želeti želju kojom ono želi da istraje u sopstvenom biću. Specijalno biće je, u ovom smislu, zajedničko ili opšte biće i to je nešto poput slike ili lica čovečanstva. (64)
Profile Image for Sepehr Omidvaar.
80 reviews30 followers
February 27, 2024
متن‌های� زیبا و قابل تامل(چندین و چند بار می‌شو� خواند) و ترجمه‌ا� دل‌نشی� و درخشان

Profile Image for éٴǰ.
54 reviews293 followers
March 31, 2007
EL CAPITALISMO COMO RELIGIÓN

El capitalismo como religión es el título de uno de los más penetrantes fragmentos póstumos de Walter Benjamin. Según Benjamin, el capitalismo no representa sólo, como en Weber, una secularización de la fe protestante, sino que es él mismo esencialmente un fenómeno religioso, que se desarrolla en modo parasitario a partir del cristianismo. Como tal, como religión de la modernidad, está definido por tres características: 1) Es una religión cultual, quizás la más extrema y absoluta que haya jamás existido. Todo en ella tiene significado sólo en referencia al cumplimiento de un culto, no respecto de un dogma o de una idea. 2) Este culto es permanente, es la celebración de un culto "sin tregua y sin respiro". Los días de fiesta y de vacaciones no interrumpen el culto, sino que lo integran. 3) El culto capitalista no está dirigido a la redención ni a la expiación de una culpa, sino a la culpa misma. "El capitalismo es quizás el único caso de un culto no expiatorio, sino culpabilizante... Una monstruosa conciencia culpable que no conoce redención se transforma en culto, no para expiar en él su culpa, sino para volverla universal... y para capturar finalmente al propio Dios en la culpa... Dios no ha muerto, sino que ha sido incorporado en el destino del hombre." Precisamente porque tiende con todas sus fuerzas no a la redención, sino a la culpa; no a la esperanza, sino a la desesperación, el capitalismo como religión no mira a la transformación del mundo, sino a su destrucción (...) el capitalismo, llevando al extremo una tendencia ya presente en el cristianismo, generaliza y absolutiza en cada ámbito la estructura de la separación que define la religión. Allí donde el sacrificio señalaba el paso de lo profano a lo sagrado y de lo sagrado a lo profano, ahora hay un único, multiforme, incesante proceso de separación, que inviste cada cosa, cada lugar, cada actividad humana para dividirla de sí misma y que es completamente indiferente a la cesura sacro/profano, divino/humano. En su forma extrema, la religión capitalista realiza la pura forma de la separación, sin que haya nada que separar. Una profanación absoluta y sin residuos coincide ahora con una consagración igualmente vacua e integral. Y como en la mercancía la separación es inherente a la forma misma del objeto, que se escinde en valor de uso y valor de cambio y se transforma en un fetiche inaprensible, así ahora todo lo que es actuado, producido y vivido -incluso el cuerpo humano, incluso la sexualidad, incluso el lenguaje- son divididos de sí mismos y desplazados en una esfera separada que ya no define alguna división sustancial y en la cual cada uso se vuelve duraderamente imposible. Esta esfera es el consumo. Si, como se ha sugerido, llamamos espectáculo a la fase extrema del capitalismo que estamos viviendo, en la cual cada cosa es exhibida en su separación de sí misma, entonces espectáculo y consumo son las dos caras de una única imposibilidad de usar. Lo que no puede ser usado es, como tal, consignado al consumo o a la exhibición espectacular. Pero eso significa que profanar se ha vuelto imposible (...) Si profanar significa devolver al uso común lo que fue separado en la esfera de lo sagrado, la religión capitalista en su fase extrema apunta a la creación de un absolutamente Improfanable.

GIORGIO AGAMBEN, Profanaciones. Adriana Hidalgo Editora, 2005.
Profile Image for مسا.
247 reviews24 followers
December 12, 2022
اصلاً نمی‌دون� چرا دارم کتاب می‌خون� این وسط
Profile Image for Hossein M..
120 reviews7 followers
March 21, 2025
دارم ترغیب می‌ش� که باقی آثار آگامبن رو هم یکی‌یک� بخونم.

ترجمه خیلی خوب بود، گرچه بعضاً معادل‌گذاری‌ه� عجیب بود. و کلاً جاهایی به ویرایش نیاز داشت.
در کل، ویرایش کتاب بد بود که روال عادی نشر مرکزه.
Profile Image for M. Sarki.
Author20 books227 followers
May 28, 2023
Verb1.adulterate - corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance; often by replacing valuable ingredients with inferior ones; "adulterate liquor".

Synonyms: adulterate, debase, doctor, load.


These verbs mean to make impure or inferior by adding foreign substances to something: adulterate coffee with ground acorns; silver debased with copper; doctored the wine with water; rag paper loaded with wood fiber.

A photo from some time ago that I wish I would have kept, where my wife's face was simply angelic, she sitting backwards in a ladder-back chair, nude, her legs spread wide and her genitals on display. Of course, my wife and I don't do porn so we rejected the photograph, but in retrospect, my wife was so damn beautiful in that photograph, totally unaware she was showing too much of her genitalia, and because of it, innocent to the consequences possible, even, for example, if her aging dad, who was still living at the time, ever found out. Because of my wife's innocence the problem now existed where our art did not interface with pornography in the sense described in the opening quote because the model had no feelings of conflict and contradiction during the shoot, but would have had afterward when she saw the results and thought of her father finding out if she went ahead and approved of the picture's publication. I, as photographer, was guilty from the beginning simply because I wanted the shot completed as composed in order to see what we could see, but never did I have any idea of publishing it and I went radically extreme like a dummy so far as removing it from my files.

Nathalie Boët (also known as Chloë des Lysses), has some fantastic photos taken of her where she is famously indifferent to being fucked hard and in many settings and positions. That is the extent of my pornography "likes" pertaining to photography. And truth be known this is the type of photo I would love to capture my wife in. The indifference. But that will never happen. She is not even close to the type of person who could make art like that. I am not sure she is even the type of person who would allow herself to be fucked like that, the way the pros do it and with all that heavy machinery involved. (We are both recovering puritans.) But I have never thought I had to resort to bondage or tricks to get a powerful image. Practice and a good eye helps.

One of my favorite series of what I consider "pornographic art photographs" ever done has been tainted for me with the knowledge that Boët's husband at the time was simply using her and she has gained no profit from her work since they have divorced. What I have learned from the web, and of course some of this may not be true, is Dahmane, Boët's ex-husband, has a long reputation of degrading all his models on the set, not paying them, publishing the photographs in magazines without the models being informed of this, or getting their cut, and on. Dahmane has published at least two books of photos using Chloë as his model as well as selling expensive prints of their work together. Chloë, I understand, was pretty much broke after she split with him and has yet to receive any payment for her nude and pornographic efforts in front of his camera. I believe she even was ordered by a French judge to pay back taxes owed on profits from her work, profits that she never even received. Seems the judge considered her a whore. The famous philosopher Giorgio Agamben writes about her unique work in front of the camera in his very interesting book titled, Profanations.
Profile Image for Sencer Turunç.
127 reviews24 followers
December 12, 2019
Kısa biçimde, birbiriyle ilişkili meselelere, mefhumlara odaklanmış, kendisi de kısa ama bir o kadar da vurucu yanları, parçaları olan bir kitap...

Ben özellikle "dünyevileştirmeye övgü" kısmını okurken bir yoğunluk yaşadım:

Her ayrım, kendi içerisinde bir dinsel çekirdek muhafaza etmektedir. Peki, ayrımların çoğaldığı, çoğalırken de pekiştiği kapitalist toplum nasıl bir dinsel mizaca sahiptir? Kapitalizm, kendi içerisinde nasıl bir din muhafaza eder?

Kendinden önceki dinlerin aksine herşeyin halesini yerle bir eden, herşeyi yeryüzüne indiren ve tüketilebilir nesnelere dönüştüren kapitalist imgelem, iktidarı sekülerleştirmiş, göksel olanla dünyevi olanın yerini değiştirmiş, teolojik kavramları politikleştirmiştir.

Dinlerin aksine kapitalizmin bir selamet vaadi yoktur; hiçlik vaadeden bir umutsuzluk dini gibidir. Suça ayrıcalık tanır. Dünyayı değiştirmekle ilgilenmez, ve onu tahrip eder. Herşeyi dünyevileştirir, tüketime dahil eder.
Profile Image for Mohammad.
48 reviews7 followers
March 13, 2022
علت من برای مطالعه ی این کتاب فراز آخر آن بود که نگاهی متفاوت به بخشی نمایش داده نشده از اقتباس اورسن ولز از شاهکار سروانتس داشت . میتوان با عقاید نویسنده موافق بود یا نبود ولی نمیتوان روش تحلیل و نگاه نوین او به رخداد ها را جدی تلقی نکرد.
مطالعه ی این کتاب برای علاقه مندان علم سیاست به شدت توصیه میشود.
Profile Image for Nalanda.
39 reviews14 followers
August 19, 2018
เป็นอีกเล่มของอากัมเบนที่บอกได้ว่า tasty มากๆ ส่วนตัวชอบตามอ่านงานแกอยู่แล้วเพราะเขียนสนุก มีการสืบสวนความคิดและมีความเป็นวรรณกรรมมาก� เล่มนี้มี 10 บทความ บท 1-2-7-8-9 นี่ชอบมากๆ บท 1-2-6 อ่านง่ายหน่อ� แต่บทอื่นๆ นี่เต็มไปด้วยรายละเอียดทางปรัชญ� ประวัติศาสตร์ยุคกรีกและยุคกลาง เอกลักษณ์ของอากัมเบนแทบทุกงานคือจะพูดแนวคิดทางเทววิทยาอยู่เสม� บทที�9 พูดถึงทุนนิยมกับแนวคิดทางเทววิทยากับประวัติศาสตร์ยุคกลางได้น่าสนใจมา�

เล่มนี้ประเด็นหลักจะเป็นพวกเรื่องวรรณกรร� การเขียน ภาพถ่า� ภาพยนต� การสร้างสรรค� ตัวต� ความรั� ความสุ� ความทรงจ�

ใครอ่านอากัมเบนจะรู้ว่าหลาย� งา� หลาย� เล่� จะมีแกนความคิดบางอย่างที่มันคล้ายกับงานอื่� หรือเล่มอื่นๆ ของเขา นี่เป็นตัวอย่างของกระบวนการพัฒนาความคิดที่ก่อตัวไปเป็นข้อเสนอใหญ่ๆ ที่คนรู้จักกันอย่างซีรีย์มนุษย์ศักดิ์สิทธิ� ใครสนใจแก่นข้อเสนอของอากัมเบน สามารถอ่านตัวรอบนอกงานหลัก� อย่างพวกหนังสือเล่มเล็กๆ แบบนี้ได� ในทางที่ดีคือได้เห็นความเป็นไปได้อย่างอื่นๆ ที่เขาเสนอในงานหลัก� เลยด้วย

ไอ้ที่พูดกัน� สอนๆ กันเรื่องสภาวะยกเว้� ชีวิตเปลือยเปล่าเนี่ย ถ้าลองมาอ่านตัวบทแท้� จริงจังแล้� จะเห็นอะไรที่จัดจ้านและบันเทิงใจมาก ไม่ได้จืดชืดแห้งแล้งเหมือนเวลาในไทยเขาสอนอากัมเบนในทางรัฐศาสตร์หรือทางกฎหมายเลย
Profile Image for Scrambled Legs.
178 reviews10 followers
December 1, 2022
Like the apple - when cut horizontally - reveals a star where we expect the core, Agamben dissects and dismantles our language in new ways (specie, special, species, specchio - genus, genius, geniale, generic) and weaves that all together into poetic theory (with many historical and mythological references) to reveal stuff that is deep inside of us� hidden stuff. I can imagine people like Chomsky rolling their eyes as they flip or swipe the pages, but that makes me like it even more. Agamben is the magician of theory.
Profile Image for Pedro Vinicius.
10 reviews
October 17, 2023
Coletânea de ensaios sobre temas variados, achei alguns textos difíceis, não posso dizer que entendi tudo, mas dá pra perceber em todo livro umas observações e reflexões sagazes, inesperadas, como se o texto escavasse elas em temas pouco óbvios e nos surpreendesse. Começava lendo cada ensaio imaginando o que ele teria a dizer de interessante sobre "genios", "ajudantes", "o dia do juízo", e o modo como ele conecta e explora essas questões é muito bom. Em geral tem um fio "místico" que conecta os textos, a sensação é que os textos realmente estão profanando, revelando ao público mensagens obscuras.

Os que mais gostei foram o sobre Genius, Magia e Felicidade, O dia do Juízo, Os ajudantes, Desejar, Elogio a profanação. Outros ensaios como "O ser especial", "Paródia", "O autor como gesto", não consegui tirar tantas coisas ou compreender totalmente.

Algumas observações a quem interessar mais sobre os ensaios em específico:

O ensaio "Genius" fala do gênio em nós, aquilo que nasce na geração e representa o incontrolável, impessoal em nós, "Genius é a nossa vida, enquanto não nos pertence".

Compreender a concepção de homem implícita em Genius equivale a compreender que o homem não é apenas Eu e consciência individual, mas que, desde o nascimento até à morte, ele convive com um elemento impessoal e pré-individual.


Todo o impessoal em nós é genial; genial é, sobretudo, a força que move o sangue em nossas veias ou nos faz cair em sono profundo, a desconhecida potência que, em nosso corpo, regula e distribui tão suavemente a tibieza e dissolve ou contrai as fibras dos nossos músculos. É Genius que, obscuramente, apresentamos na intimidade de nossa vida fisiológica, lá onde o mais próprio é o mais estranho e impessoal, o mais próximo é o mais remoto e indomável. Se não nos abadonássemos a Genius, se fôssemos apenas Eu e consciência, nunca poderíamos nem sequer urinar. Viver com Genius significa, nessa perspectiva, viver na intimidade de um ser estranho, manter-se constantemente vinculado a uma zona de não conhecimento


O ensaio "Magia e felicidade" também é interessante, falando da felicidade como aquilo que nos toma como magia, algo não controlável ou conquistável. "O dia do juízo", sobre fotografia, também muito bom, a captura de um gesto eterno. "Os ajudantes", um ensaio que no início parecia uma ideia distante, pouco relatável, acabei achando muito bom, falando sobre redenção, mensageiros, anjos "Uma qualidade dos ajudantes é a de serem “tradutores� (mutarjim) da língua de Deus para a língua dos homens. Segundo Ibn-Arabi, todo o mundo nada mais é que uma tradução da língua divina".

A ideia de que o Reino esteja presente no tempo profano em formas míopes e distorcidas, de que os elementos do estado final se escondam precisamente no que hoje aparece como infame e escarnecido, de que, em suma, a vergonha tenha a ver secretamente com a glória, é um tema messiânico profundo. Tudo o que agora nos aparece envilecido e de pouco valor é a fiança que deveremos resgatar no último dia, e quem nos guia para a salvação é precisamente o companheiro que se perdeu pelo caminho. É seu rosto que reconheceremos no anjo que toca a trombeta ou em quem, distraído, deixar cair das mãos o livro da vida. A réstia de luz que nasce em nossos defeitos e nossas pequenas baixezas não era senão a redenção. Ajudantes, nesse sentido, foram também o mau companheiro de escola que nos passou por baixo da carteira as primeiras fotografias pornográficas ou o sórdido quartinho onde alguém nos mostrou pela primeira vez a sua nudez. Os ajudantes são nossos desejos insatisfeitos, aqueles que não confessamos sequer a nós mesmos, que no dia do juízo virão a nosso encontro sorrindo como Artur e Jeremias. Naquele dia, alguém descontará nossos rubores como letras de câmbio para o paraíso. Reinar não significa satisfazer. Significa que o insatisfeito é o que permanece.


O texto do Desejo é curto e simplesmente espetacular, estes não podem ser trazidos a linguagem pois são pura imagens, ao tentarmos colocar em palavras aquilo que desejamos sempre torna a fantasia oca, vazia, pois no fundo ela escapa à linguagem.

Desejar é a coisa mais simples e humana que há. Por que, então, para nós são inconfessáveis precisamente nossos desejos, por que nos é tão difícil trazê-los à palavra? Tão difícil que acabamos mantendo-os escondidos, e construímos para eles, em algum lugar em nós, uma cripta, onde permanecem embalsamados, à espera.

Não podemos trazer à linguagem nossos desejos porque os imaginamos. Na realidade, a cripta contém apenas imagens, como é o caso de um livro de figuras para crianças que ainda não sabem ler, o caso das images d’Epinal de um povo analfabeto. O corpo dos desejos é uma imagem. E o que é inconfessável no desejo é a imagem que dele fizemos.


Por fim, o texto "Elogio à profanação" é o que dá nome ao livro, e é um texto bem complicado, não consegui pegar tudo, mas o que consegui dar sentido gostei muito. Ele fala inicialmente dessa relação Sagrado e Profano, que envolve uma separação, uma transição do mundo dos homens ao divino ou vice e versa. Profanar é restituir ao uso comum. Depois o texto conecta isso com a sociedade atual, falando do capitalismo como nova religião (em referência a Walter Benjamin"). No capitalismo o consumo é um uso inexistente, existe somente na expectativa e na memória, e por isso, improfanável. Tudo é retirado do nosso uso, separado, mas também não se consegue restituir ao uso. Achei um texto amargo, me fez ficar pensando sobre a nossa relação com as coisas, nunca de forma presente, sempre inalcançáveis, na expectativa ou na memória. Para elucidar a questão ele fala sobre o jogo (separação do rito e de sua finalidade), dos museus, do turismo, da pornografia.

De forma mais geral, tudo hoje pode tornar-se Museu, na medida em que esse termo indica simplesmente a exposição de uma impossibilidade de usar, de habitar, de fazer experiência.


Por essa razão, no Museu, a analogia entre capitalismo e religião se torna evidente. O Museu ocupa exatamente o espaço e a função em outro tempo reservados ao Templo como lugar do sacrifício. Aos fiéis no Templo � ou aos peregrinos que percorriam a terra de Templo em Templo, de santuário em santuário � correspondem hoje os turistas, que viajam sem trégua num mundo estranhado em Museu. Mas enquanto os fiéis e os peregrinos participavam, no final, de um sacrifício que, separando a vítima na esfera sagrada, restabelecia as justas relações entre o divino e o humano, os turistas celebram, sobre a sua própria pessoa, um ato sacrifical que consiste na angustiante experiência da destruição de todo possível uso. Se os cristãos eram “peregrinos�, ou seja, estrangeiros sobre a terra, porque sabiam que tinham no céu a sua pátria, os adeptos do novo culto capitalista não têm pátria alguma, porque residem na forma pura da separação. Aonde quer que vão, eles encontrarão, multiplicada e elevada ao extremo, a própria impossibilidade de habitar, que haviam conhecido nas suas casas e nas suas cidades, a própria incapacidade de usar, que haviam experi-mentado nos supermercados, nos shopping centers e nos espetáculos televisivos. Por isso, enquanto representa o culto e o altar central da religião capitalista, o turismo é atualmente a primeira indústria do mundo, que atinge anualmente mais de 650 milhões de homens. E nada é mais impressionante do que o fato de milhões de homens comuns conseguirem realizar na própria carne talvez a mais desesperada experiência que a cada um seja permitido realizar: a perda irrevogável de todo uso, a absoluta impossibilidade de profanar.
Profile Image for Benino.
70 reviews6 followers
February 12, 2018
Agamben's reflections on cultural artefacts, materialism, and genius alternate between the poetic and the theoretical, and find their beauty in their litheness. This engaging and accessible collection of short essays uses etymology and cultural histories to address the crossing points between the divine and the human. He reframes debates about authorship, photography, and parody within the motion of the gesture and human playfulness to address psychological functions and the cultural performativity of human action in text and image. Agamben's text is deft and insightful in its demand for a new response of the viewer and reader. Deserves multiple readings.
Profile Image for Preston.
6 reviews1 follower
March 24, 2020
Snack-sized Agamben. Occasionally moving, great quotes and some tips on how to practice self-love whilst brushing one's teeth. Tries a bit too hard to convince us he doesn't like porn, though.
Profile Image for Kyriaki K.K.
97 reviews1 follower
March 14, 2021
Πολύ μικρό ώστε να σε χορτάσει τόσο όσο. Η μαγεία του να μην υπάρχει τίποτα περιττό.
1,568 reviews18 followers
November 20, 2022
Not sure what it was about outside of venting about Christianity in ways that make him look sus.
45 reviews1 follower
May 7, 2024
10 crystal clear essays on a variety of subjects. I read the book cover to cover in a single sitting.
284 reviews9 followers
July 4, 2021
The wide-ranging scope of this small yet essential book, "Profanations" by Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben, attests to the depth and catholic nature of the author's thoughts on photography, the novel, and film that make up the book. Here Agamben rethinks approaches to a series of literary and philosophical problems: the relationship between genius, ego, and theories of subjectivity; the problem of messianic time as explicated in both images and lived experience; parody as a literary genre; the potential of magic to provide an ethical canon. However, the main locus of the work, its raison d'etre, are the essays on Foucault and the death of the author-function and "In Praise of Profanity," an essential essay concerning the 'cult' of capitalism and the best praxis by which it may be undermined. These two latter articles acutely delineate Agamben's own theories and ideas in a profoundly accessible manner, making real the concerns behind the ideas and the potential for growth through the cultivation of 'play' that is at the heart of Agamben's diagnosis. Here the reader recognizes Agamben's genius at analysis and diagnosis; like a skilled healer, his thought brings peace and understanding to the searcher for truth that we readers are. So, while the work is episodic and incomplete (ten non-connected chapters), the book still satisfies the need for understanding of profound philosophical ideas. This is a great book!
102 reviews
January 3, 2018
Buku pertama tahun ini. Esai-esai di dalamnya tidak berhubungan satu sama lain, bahkan menurut saya terkesan acak. Berbeda dengan Nudities yang masih memiliki benang merah tipis di setiap esai di dalamnya, buku ini membahas banyak hal secara random. Beberapa di antaranya terkait dengan: entitas yang bernama Genius, sihir dan hubungannya dengan kebahagiaan, fotografi dan The Last Judgment, hakikat hasrat, film, novel dan pengarang, kapitalisme, yang suci, yang profan. Padat tapi ringkas, enak dibaca di waktu senggang. Hal yang saya suka dari tulisan-tulisan Agamben adalah betapa ia tidak terasa tendensius. Dan Agamben biasa mengakhiri esainya dengan paragraf yang entah mengapa sangat apik bagi saya. Selalu apik dan manis. Saya pikir saya tidak salah memilih Profanations sebagai jalan pembuka untuk membaca Seri Homo Sacer. Jadi tidak sabar!
Profile Image for David Barrera Fuentes.
135 reviews16 followers
October 28, 2021
Mi acercamiento a Agamben había sido en torno al proyecto Homo Sacer, es decir, de una serie de libros muy eruditos que giran en torno al análisis sistemático de un paradigma en particular (El estado de excepción, el sacramento, la diferencia entre Reino y Gloria, los Lager, etc.). En otras palabras, libros de ھDzǴí "al callo", donde abunda la cita directa a teólogos tardoantiguos y al canon de la ھDzǴí. Ahora, en estos ensayitos se devela la faceta más encantadora de Agamben en las que, con una pluma envidiable, nos lleva a reflexiones agudas y cortitas sobre el amor, la felicidad y el sujeto. Unas verdaderas gemas con una escritura preciosa.
Profile Image for OSCAR.
455 reviews6 followers
August 29, 2021
Este libro es una antología de ensayos donde el pensador italiano encuentra facetas insospechadas de fenómenos y realidades consuetudinarias: la magia, el genio, la profanación, etcétera. Cada texto es magnífico y nos muestra las razones del éxito de Giorgio Agamben entre el público: vuelve insólito lo conocido. El elemento anómalo de su trabajo es el vicio propio de casi cualquier antología: parece no haber orden ni concierto en lo seleccionado. Sin embargo, con Agamben lo que desventaja resulta un catalizador que potencia el alcance de lo escrito.
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