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丿賱賷賱 廿賱賶 丕賱丨賷丕丞 丕賱賰乇賷賲丞: 丕賱賮賳 丕賱賯丿賷賲 賱賱爻毓丕丿丞 丕賱乇賵丕賯賷丞
毓賱賶 丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 賰賱 噩賴賵丿賳丕 賵爻毓賷賳丕 賮賷 丕賱丨賷丕丞貙 賯丿 鬲丐乇賯賳丕貙 亘賱 賯丿 鬲禺賷賮賳丕 貙 賮賰乇丞 丕賳 丨賷丕鬲賳丕 鬲賮賱鬲 賲賳丕. 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱賰鬲丕亘 賷爻鬲禺賱氐 賵賱賷賲 亘. 丕乇賮賷賳 丕賱丨賰賲丞 賲賳 丕賱賮賱爻賮丞 丕賱乇賵丕賯賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賲孬賱 賵丕丨丿丞 賲賳 丕賴賲 賵丕卮賴乇 賲丿丕乇爻 丕賱賮賰乇 賮賷 丕賱賮賱爻賮丞貙 賵賷毓乇囟 賱賳丕 賰賷賮 兀賳 亘氐賷乇鬲賴丕 賵丨賰賲鬲賴丕 賱丕 鬲夭丕賱 賳丕賮匕丞 賵賲賳丕爻亘丞 賱丨賷丕鬲賳丕 丕賱賲毓丕氐乇丞.
318 pages, Paperback
First published November 4, 2008
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About the author
William B. Irvine
20听books751听followersWilliam B Irvine is professor of philosophy at Wright State University. The author of seven books, including A Guide to the Good Life, he has also written for the Huffington Post, Salon, Time, and the BBC. He lives in Dayton, Ohio.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 2,458 reviews
March 28, 2017
There will be鈥攐r already has been!鈥攁 last time in your life that you brush your teeth, cut your hair, drive a car, mow the lawn, or play hopscotch.
In my review of Feeling Good, a self-help book, I noted the lack of practical philosophies in the modern world. Far from an original insight, I now see that this idea is a relatively common criticism of contemporary education and modern philosophy. The other day, for example, I stumbled upon a YouTube channel, the , an educational project that tries to teach life lessons rather than academic knowledge. This book, an attempt to revive ancient Stoicism, is part of the same loose movement.
William B. Irvine set himself the task of making Stoicism viable and palatable in today鈥檚 world. To put it bluntly, this meant rummaging through the Stoic classics to make a self-help book. Whereas the classic Stoic authors鈥擬arcus Aurelius, Seneca, and Epictetus鈥攄ispensed practical advice without much order, Irvine tries to create a systematic practice that any reader can follow.
Irvine鈥檚 system consists of several mental exercises, or tricks, that the novice Stoic can use to gain tranquility. The most important of these is negative visualization: take a moment to imagine how things could go wrong, how you could lose what you have鈥攜our health, job, or spouse鈥攁nd how everything you take for granted might never have existed at all. This will counteract what Irvine calls 鈥渉edonistic adaptation,鈥� which is when we get used to the good things in our lives and lose the ability to enjoy them. Hedonistic adaptation is the real enemy of tranquility, because it forever enchains us to desire鈥攁s soon as one desire is satisfied, we have another one, and the process repeats without us getting any happier.
Another Stoic exercise is the internalization of goals. First, determine the extent to which you can control the outcome of any situation; then, make sure you only worry about that part which you can control, and don鈥檛 trouble yourself about the rest. If you are going on a first date, for example, don鈥檛 make it your goal to impress the person鈥攕ince you can鈥檛 directly control whether someone likes you or not鈥攂ut make it your goal to try your best. In the language of self-help, that is, focus on the process and not the product, the effort and not the outcome.
The last major technique can be better described as an attitude rather than an exercise. This is to take a fatalistic attitude towards the past. Since what happened in the past is beyond your power to alter, don鈥檛 trouble yourself with 鈥渋f-onlys鈥� or fill up your mind with regrets. Instead, try to cultivate amor fati, love of fate; learn to appreciate the good in what has happened, rather than think of all the ways it could have been better.
The general attitude that a Stoic wishes to cultivate is a mixture of enjoyment and detachment: the ability to enjoy all of the little pleasures of daily life without becoming so attached to anything that you are incapacitated without it. It is rather like the attitude of a spectator at a play: heartily enjoying the show, while keeping in mind that all the action is staged and not worth getting upset over. With this mentality you could, in theory, be satisfied with anything, and maintain your tranquility under any circumstances.
These, in nutshell form, are the book鈥檚 major pieces of advice. The rest of the book is divided into a brief historical sketch of Stoicism, a series of short chapters about applying Stoicism to specific challenges, and a broader cultural criticism from a Stoic perspective. The latter of these was the most interesting鈥擨rvine isn鈥檛 a fan of political correctness or of grief counseling. He also has a lot of advice about responding to insults, some of which I thought was obvious, some of which I thought was wrong, and most of which made me wonder: Why is he talking so much about insults? Is poor Irvine getting insulted all the time?
My main criticism of this book is its style. Perhaps because Irvine was trying to appeal to a popular market, the prose is painfully simple, and filled with unnecessary clarifications and wearying redundancies. "Repetitive" is a charitable description. Added to that, I often got the feeling that he was purposefully avoiding delving deeply into any topic, for fear of losing any novice readers, which irked me.
The important question is: Do the techniques work? I have been having some fun imagining my life going horribly wrong: my metro being crushed underground in an earthquake, my computer bursting into flames and blinding me鈥攇etting struck by lighting on my walk to work, all of my friends leaving me en masse, and so on. Somehow, this exercise does tend to put me in a cheerful mood. I also agree with Irvine about desire鈥攚hy hedonism doesn鈥檛 produce contentment, why connoisseurship is counterproductive, why it鈥檚 wise to accustom oneself to some disappointment and discomfort.
At the very least, this book is an interesting experiment: trying to revive a dead philosophy of life for the twenty-first century. Now, to put Stoicism into practice, I'm going to imagine this review not getting any likes.
March 25, 2018
丿乇 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賮蹖賱賲 賴丕蹖 爻賴 诏丕賳踿 賳蹖賲賴 卮亘貙 噩爻蹖 (丕蹖孬丕賳 賴丕讴) 丌夭賲丕蹖卮蹖 乇丕 賳賯賱 賲蹖 讴賳丿: 诏乇賵賴蹖 丕夭 賲丨賯賯丕賳 亘乇 乇賵蹖 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 亘乇賳丿賴 卮丿賴 丕賳丿 賲胤丕賱毓賴 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿 賵 賲鬲賵噩賴 賳讴鬲踿 噩丕賱亘蹖 卮丿賴 丕賳丿. 賲鬲賵噩賴 卮丿賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 亘乇賳丿诏丕賳 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 倬爻 丕夭 賲丿鬲蹖 讴賴 噩丕蹖夭踿 賴賳诏賮鬲 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 乇丕 亘乇丿賳丿貙 亘丕夭 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 卮禺氐蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 賯亘賱 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲賲賳丿 卮丿賳 亘賵丿賳丿貙 鬲亘丿蹖賱 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿: 丕诏乇 賯亘賱 丕夭 丕蹖賳 卮丕丿 賵 倬乇賳卮丕胤 亘賵丿賳丿貙 亘丕夭 賴賲 卮丕丿 賵 倬乇賳卮丕胤 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿貙 丕賲丕 亘丕 蹖讴 倬賵乇卮賴. 賵 丕诏乇 亘丿禺賱賯 賵 丕賮爻乇丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿貙 亘丕夭 賴賲 亘丿禺賱賯 賵 丕賮爻乇丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿貙 丕賲丕 亘丕 蹖讴 倬賵乇卮賴. 賴賲蹖賳 胤賵乇 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿趩丕乇 賯胤毓 毓囟賵 蹖丕 丌爻蹖亘 賴丕蹖 噩爻賲蹖 丿蹖诏乇 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 賳蹖夭 鬲賳賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲丿鬲蹖 丕夭 丌賳 丌爻蹖亘 乇賳噩 賲蹖 亘乇賳丿 賵 賵賯鬲蹖 乇賳噩 乇丕 倬卮鬲 爻乇 诏匕丕卮鬲賳丿貙 亘丕夭 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 乇賵丨蹖丕鬲 爻丕亘賯 禺賵丿 亘乇 賲蹖 诏乇丿賳丿.
賲丐賱賮 丿乇 賲賯丿賲踿 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲 丌夭賲丕蹖卮 賲卮丕亘賴蹖 乇丕 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賲蹖 讴賳丿: 賲丨賯賯丕賳 亘丕 賲胤丕賱毓賴 乇賵蹖 亘乇賳丿诏丕賳 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 賲卮丕賴丿賴 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 孬乇賵鬲 讴賱丕賳貙 孬乇賵鬲 乇丐蹖丕蹖蹖 賳丕诏賴丕賳蹖貙 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賲丕 丿乇 丌乇夭賵蹖 丌賳蹖賲貙 丿乇 毓賲賱 倬爻 丕夭 賲丿鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 亘乇賳丿诏丕賳 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 賲毓賲賵賱蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿貙 賵 丕丨爻丕爻 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 賵 卮丕丿蹖 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲 讴賲 讴賲 乇賳诏 賲蹖 亘丕夭丿 賵 亘丕夭 賴賲丕賳 丨乇氐 賴丕 賵 賴賲丕賳 丨爻乇鬲 賴丕 賵 賴賲丕賳 丨爻丕丿鬲 賴丕 爻乇 亘乇 賲蹖 丌賵乇丿.
丕夭 賯丿蹖賲 亘蹖賳 賲丕 賲毓乇賵賮 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 孬乇賵鬲 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 賳賲蹖 丌賵乇丿貙 丕賲丕 噩丕賱亘 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丨丕賱丕 讴賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 賴乇 賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丕賳丿乇夭 賳蹖丕夭賲賳丿蹖賲貙 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 賴乇 賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 丿乇爻鬲蹖 丌賳 亘蹖 丕毓鬲賲丕丿蹖賲. 賲賳馗賵乇 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲 乇賮丕賴 毓賲賵賲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 乇賮丕賴 毓賲賵賲蹖 賵馗蹖賮賴 丕蹖爻鬲 讴賴 丿賵賱鬲 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 毓賴丿賴 亘诏蹖乇丿 賵 賴蹖趩 倬賳丿 賵 丕賳丿乇夭 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 賵 賳亘丕蹖丿 賯氐賵乇 賵 鬲賯氐蹖乇賴丕蹖 丿賵賱鬲蹖 乇丕 鬲賵噩蹖賴 讴賳丿. 賲賳馗賵乇 孬乇賵鬲 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕氐賱丕丨 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 爻蹖丕爻蹖.
丕诏乇 亘倬匕蹖乇蹖賲 讴賴 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 蹖讴 丕丨爻丕爻 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖 賴乇 趩賳丿 亘鬲賵丕賳賳丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 賲賵賯鬲蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丕丨爻丕爻 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 丿丕卅賲 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賳丿 蹖丕 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘亘乇賳丿貙 丌賳 诏丕賴 丕蹖賳 倬乇爻卮 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 丌蹖丿 讴賴: 倬爻 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 趩诏賵賳賴 丨丕氐賱 賲蹖 卮賵丿責 丌蹖丕 乇丕賴蹖 賴爻鬲 讴賴 丕丨爻丕爻 乇囟丕蹖鬲 賵 爻乇卮丕乇蹖 丿乇賵賳蹖 乇丕 亘丿賵賳 賳蹖丕夭 亘賴 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖貙 蹖丕 丨丿丕賯賱 亘丕 讴賲鬲乇蹖賳 鬲賵爻賱 亘賴 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖貙 亘賴 丿爻鬲 亘蹖丕賵乇蹖賲責
丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 賳蹖爻鬲. 賲鬲賮讴乇丕賳 夭蹖丕丿蹖 丕夭 乇賵夭诏丕乇 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 丿乇 賮讴乇 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 倬丕爻禺 丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 亘賵丿賳丿貙 賵 噩賵丕亘 乇丕 诏丕賴 丿乇 毓乇賮丕賳 賴丕 賵 賮賱爻賮賴 賴丕蹖 賲丕賵乇丕亍 胤亘蹖毓蹖 賵 诏丕賴 丿乇 乇蹖丕囟鬲 賴丕蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 亘丿賳蹖 賲蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲蹖丕賳貙 乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 乇丕 賳賴 丿乇 噩丕賴丕蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘貙 亘賱讴賴 丿乇 賴賲蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 毓丕丿蹖 賲蹖 噩爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 亘丕 鬲賲丕賲 噩賵丕賳亘 丌賳.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 賲毓乇賮蹖 禺賵亘蹖 丕爻鬲 丕夭 倬丕爻禺蹖 讴賴 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 賵 乇賵賲蹖貙 丿賵 賴夭丕乇 爻丕賱 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘賴 丌賳 乇爻蹖丿賳丿.
賲丐賱賮 丿乇 賲賯丿賲踿 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲 丌夭賲丕蹖卮 賲卮丕亘賴蹖 乇丕 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賲蹖 讴賳丿: 賲丨賯賯丕賳 亘丕 賲胤丕賱毓賴 乇賵蹖 亘乇賳丿诏丕賳 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 賲卮丕賴丿賴 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 孬乇賵鬲 讴賱丕賳貙 孬乇賵鬲 乇丐蹖丕蹖蹖 賳丕诏賴丕賳蹖貙 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賲丕 丿乇 丌乇夭賵蹖 丌賳蹖賲貙 丿乇 毓賲賱 倬爻 丕夭 賲丿鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 亘乇賳丿诏丕賳 亘禺鬲 丌夭賲丕蹖蹖 賲毓賲賵賱蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿貙 賵 丕丨爻丕爻 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 賵 卮丕丿蹖 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲 讴賲 讴賲 乇賳诏 賲蹖 亘丕夭丿 賵 亘丕夭 賴賲丕賳 丨乇氐 賴丕 賵 賴賲丕賳 丨爻乇鬲 賴丕 賵 賴賲丕賳 丨爻丕丿鬲 賴丕 爻乇 亘乇 賲蹖 丌賵乇丿.
丕夭 賯丿蹖賲 亘蹖賳 賲丕 賲毓乇賵賮 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 孬乇賵鬲 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 賳賲蹖 丌賵乇丿貙 丕賲丕 噩丕賱亘 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丨丕賱丕 讴賴 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 賴乇 賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 丕蹖賳 丕賳丿乇夭 賳蹖丕夭賲賳丿蹖賲貙 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 賴乇 賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 丿乇爻鬲蹖 丌賳 亘蹖 丕毓鬲賲丕丿蹖賲. 賲賳馗賵乇 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲 乇賮丕賴 毓賲賵賲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 乇賮丕賴 毓賲賵賲蹖 賵馗蹖賮賴 丕蹖爻鬲 讴賴 丿賵賱鬲 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 毓賴丿賴 亘诏蹖乇丿 賵 賴蹖趩 倬賳丿 賵 丕賳丿乇夭 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 賵 賳亘丕蹖丿 賯氐賵乇 賵 鬲賯氐蹖乇賴丕蹖 丿賵賱鬲蹖 乇丕 鬲賵噩蹖賴 讴賳丿. 賲賳馗賵乇 孬乇賵鬲 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕氐賱丕丨 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 爻蹖丕爻蹖.
丕诏乇 亘倬匕蹖乇蹖賲 讴賴 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 蹖讴 丕丨爻丕爻 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖 賴乇 趩賳丿 亘鬲賵丕賳賳丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 賲賵賯鬲蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丕丨爻丕爻 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賳丿貙 丕賲丕 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 胤賵乇 丿丕卅賲 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴賳賳丿 蹖丕 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘亘乇賳丿貙 丌賳 诏丕賴 丕蹖賳 倬乇爻卮 倬蹖卮 賲蹖 丌蹖丿 讴賴: 倬爻 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 趩诏賵賳賴 丨丕氐賱 賲蹖 卮賵丿責 丌蹖丕 乇丕賴蹖 賴爻鬲 讴賴 丕丨爻丕爻 乇囟丕蹖鬲 賵 爻乇卮丕乇蹖 丿乇賵賳蹖 乇丕 亘丿賵賳 賳蹖丕夭 亘賴 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖貙 蹖丕 丨丿丕賯賱 亘丕 讴賲鬲乇蹖賳 鬲賵爻賱 亘賴 毓賵丕賲賱 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖貙 亘賴 丿爻鬲 亘蹖丕賵乇蹖賲責
丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 賯乇賳 亘蹖爻鬲 賵 蹖讴賲 賳蹖爻鬲. 賲鬲賮讴乇丕賳 夭蹖丕丿蹖 丕夭 乇賵夭诏丕乇 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 丿乇 賮讴乇 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 倬丕爻禺 丕蹖賳 爻丐丕賱 亘賵丿賳丿貙 賵 噩賵丕亘 乇丕 诏丕賴 丿乇 毓乇賮丕賳 賴丕 賵 賮賱爻賮賴 賴丕蹖 賲丕賵乇丕亍 胤亘蹖毓蹖 賵 诏丕賴 丿乇 乇蹖丕囟鬲 賴丕蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 亘丿賳蹖 賲蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲蹖丕賳貙 乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 禺賵卮亘禺鬲蹖 乇丕 賳賴 丿乇 噩丕賴丕蹖 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘貙 亘賱讴賴 丿乇 賴賲蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 毓丕丿蹖 賲蹖 噩爻鬲賳丿. 丿乇 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳 丕蹖賳 夭賳丿诏蹖貙 亘丕 鬲賲丕賲 噩賵丕賳亘 丌賳.
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘貙 賲毓乇賮蹖 禺賵亘蹖 丕爻鬲 丕夭 倬丕爻禺蹖 讴賴 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 賵 乇賵賲蹖貙 丿賵 賴夭丕乇 爻丕賱 倬蹖卮 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘賴 丌賳 乇爻蹖丿賳丿.
July 1, 2021
Recommended to: If you are interested in applying philosophical views and wisdom to your life and if you value tranquility and inner peace above all.
What this book is about: The author William Irvine who is a professor of philosophy at Wright State University after having read through many philosophy schools from Zen Buddhist to Cynics and Stoics has come into conclusion that living a stoic life is worth pursuing due to its promising benefit which is tranquility and joy. He has thus compiled teachings of great Stoics from Seneca to Marcus Aurelius and tailored them to suit the modern days.
Pros:
Author has provided well organized, practical bits of advice which are the essence of Stoic philosophy from negative visualization to practicing self-discipline through self-denial.
Also, he has made a decent contribution on portraying an actual picture of what Stoicism is really about.
Cons:
Franky I saw no use of the last chapter, it had no relevance to a guide to a good life and it wasn't a short chapter believe me and the contents were advocation of stoic philosophy which he had done already in previous chapters very well.
Selected synopsis:
A potent way of confronting a disturbing situation is the use of negative visualization, namely, imagining what would happen if you lost your dear possessions, be it your car, house, or even your beloved. It argues that by doing so you come to appreciate your belonging far more than those who take things for granted.
---
Internalize your goals: A beautiful piece of advice. It says that we must focus our attention on what we have full or partial control on, not the things we have no control over.
For example, if you have a tennis match, don't set your goal on being the winner, because if you fail, you will lose your tranquility and become utterly upset, instead, make your goal to practice and play at highest level possible which in turn can have the added value of winning the match.
---
What upsets people is not things themselves but their judgments about these things.
---
What point is there on "being unhappy", just because once you were unhappy...
---
We can easily replace out feelings of regret at having lost something with feelings of thanks for once having had it.
---
Reason, is the best weapon against grief. Unless reason puts an end to our tears, fortune will not do so.
---
If we seek social status, we give people power over us: since we have to do things calculated to make them admire us and we will have to refrain from doing things that will trigger their disfavor.
---
To retain inner peace, focus on what you have control on, It's foolish to concerns ourselves with what we can't control like when the sun rises or when a dear person to us might die.
---
Vices are contagious: They spread, quickly and unnoticed, from those who have them to those with whom they come into contact.
What this book is about: The author William Irvine who is a professor of philosophy at Wright State University after having read through many philosophy schools from Zen Buddhist to Cynics and Stoics has come into conclusion that living a stoic life is worth pursuing due to its promising benefit which is tranquility and joy. He has thus compiled teachings of great Stoics from Seneca to Marcus Aurelius and tailored them to suit the modern days.
Pros:
Author has provided well organized, practical bits of advice which are the essence of Stoic philosophy from negative visualization to practicing self-discipline through self-denial.
Also, he has made a decent contribution on portraying an actual picture of what Stoicism is really about.
Cons:
Franky I saw no use of the last chapter, it had no relevance to a guide to a good life and it wasn't a short chapter believe me and the contents were advocation of stoic philosophy which he had done already in previous chapters very well.
Selected synopsis:
A potent way of confronting a disturbing situation is the use of negative visualization, namely, imagining what would happen if you lost your dear possessions, be it your car, house, or even your beloved. It argues that by doing so you come to appreciate your belonging far more than those who take things for granted.
---
Internalize your goals: A beautiful piece of advice. It says that we must focus our attention on what we have full or partial control on, not the things we have no control over.
For example, if you have a tennis match, don't set your goal on being the winner, because if you fail, you will lose your tranquility and become utterly upset, instead, make your goal to practice and play at highest level possible which in turn can have the added value of winning the match.
---
What upsets people is not things themselves but their judgments about these things.
---
What point is there on "being unhappy", just because once you were unhappy...
---
We can easily replace out feelings of regret at having lost something with feelings of thanks for once having had it.
---
Reason, is the best weapon against grief. Unless reason puts an end to our tears, fortune will not do so.
---
If we seek social status, we give people power over us: since we have to do things calculated to make them admire us and we will have to refrain from doing things that will trigger their disfavor.
---
To retain inner peace, focus on what you have control on, It's foolish to concerns ourselves with what we can't control like when the sun rises or when a dear person to us might die.
---
Vices are contagious: They spread, quickly and unnoticed, from those who have them to those with whom they come into contact.
May 5, 2023
倬乇賮爻賵乇 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕爻鬲丕丿 賮賱爻賮賴 貙 倬爻 丕夭 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 鬲丿乇蹖爻 貙 丿乇 丿賴賴 倬賳噩賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 亘賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲賴賲蹖 乇爻蹖丿賴 賵 丌賳 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿賴 讴賴 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 貙 亘賱讴賴 囟乇賵乇鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳 丌賳乇丕 賴賲 丨爻 賳賲蹖 讴乇丿賴 丕爻鬲 . 鬲賱丕卮 噩賳丕亘 丕乇賵蹖賳 亘乇丕蹖 蹖丕賮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 貙 爻亘亘 丌卮賳丕蹖蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘丕 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賵 賮賱爻賮賴 丌賳丕賳 卮丿 賵 倬爻 丕夭 賲胤丕賱毓賴 丌孬丕乇丌賳丕賳 賵 丿賱亘爻鬲诏蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘賴 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 貙 丕賵 丕賯丿丕賲 亘賴 亘丕夭爻丕夭蹖 賵 賳賵爻丕夭蹖 趩賴丕乇 趩賵亘 賴丕蹖 賮讴乇蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 讴乇丿 . 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲 卮賵賯 賵 丕卮鬲蹖丕賯 噩賳丕亘 倬乇賮爻賵乇 亘賴 賳賵卮鬲賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘爻蹖丕乇 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘丕 賳丕賲 賮乇毓蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕賲乇賵夭 丕賳噩丕賲蹖丿 .
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丿 乇丕 丿乇 亘丕乇賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 胤乇丨蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 蹖丕 丿丕賳爻鬲賳 賴丿賮 丕氐賱蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮乇賵毓 讴乇丿賴 貙 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賮乇賴賳诏 丕賲乇賵夭賴 亘丕 賮乇丕賴賲 讴乇丿賳 爻乇诏乇賲蹖 賴丕蹖 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳 貙 夭賲丕賳 賵 賳蹖丕夭蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 丌賳 亘丕賯蹖 賳诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕爻鬲 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丿賵賳 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 貙 亘丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賴 賵 鬲賳賴丕 爻乇诏乇賲 賲卮睾賵賱蹖丕鬲 賵 乇賵夭賲乇诏蹖 賴丕蹖 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 卮賵蹖賲 . 丕賲丕 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 賵賴丿賮蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 亘賴 禺賵丿 亘賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇 蹖丕 丕爻鬲乇丕鬲跇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 賲賳鬲噩 賳賲蹖 卮賵丿 .
賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 丌鬲賳 賵 亘賴 丿爻鬲 夭賳賵賳 讴蹖鬲蹖賵賲蹖 賵 亘丕 鬲丕讴蹖丿 亘乇 賲賳胤賯 貙 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 亘賳丕 卮丿 賵 乇卮丿 讴乇丿 丕賲丕 亘賴 鬲丿乇蹖噩 丿乇 丌鬲賳 亘賴 賮乇丕賲賵卮蹖 爻倬乇丿賴 卮丿 . 亘丕 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 倬丕賳丕蹖鬲蹖賵爻 亘賴 乇賵賲 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 鬲丿乇蹖噩 賵 鬲賵爻毓賴 倬蹖丿丕 讴乇丿 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 乇賵賲蹖 賴丕 亘賴 丌賳 睾賳丕蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕丿賳丿 . 丌賳賴丕 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 乇丕 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丨匕賮 賵 亘賴 噩丕蹖 丌賳 讴爻亘 丌乇丕賲卮 蹖毓賳蹖 乇賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲賳賮蹖 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 貙 禺卮賲 貙 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 亘賴乇賴 賲賳丿蹖 丕夭 毓賵丕胤賮 賲孬亘鬲 蹖丕 卮丕丿蹖 乇丕 噩丕蹖诏夭蹖賳 丌賳賴丕 讴乇丿賳丿 . 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 讴爻亘 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丿賵 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賵 賴丿賮 丕氐賱蹖 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇賵賲蹖 卮丿 .
丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 趩诏賵賳賴 丕爻鬲 責
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 亘禺卮 丿賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丿 亘賴 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 貙 丕乇賵蹖賳 倬丿蹖丿賴 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 亘賴 賱匕鬲 乇丕 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 賵 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 賮乇丌蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 貙 丕賮乇丕丿 賲丿丕賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇囟丕蹖 丕賲蹖丕賱蹖 賲蹖 乇賵賳丿 讴賴 賴蹖趩 賵賯鬲 鬲賲丕賲蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿 賵 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇讴 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賲蹖賱 丿乇 賵噩賵丿卮丕賳 丕乇囟丕 賳卮丿賴 丕賮爻乇丿賴 賵睾賲诏蹖賳 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 .丕夭 賳诏丕賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 蹖讴 乇丕賴 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 卮丕丿讴丕賲蹖 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賮乇丕蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 丿乇 賴賲丕賳 賳胤賮賴 禺賮賴 卮賵丿 . 丌賳賴丕 丕蹖賳 鬲讴賳蹖讴 乇丕 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賳丕賲蹖丿賴 賵 丌賳乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 乇丕賴蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲毓讴賵爻 讴乇丿賳 賮乇丌蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 亘賴 賱匕鬲 賲蹖 卮賳丕爻賳丿 . 爻賳讴丕 賴賲賴 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 丕賲丕賳鬲 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賴乇诏丕賴 丕乇丕丿賴 讴賳丿 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 丌賳乇丕 倬爻 亘诏蹖乇丿 . 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 乇讴 賵 氐乇蹖丨 鬲賵氐蹖賴 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 賴賳诏丕賲 亘賵爻蹖丿賳 賮乇夭賳丿 貙 毓卮賯 蹖丕 賲丕丿乇 亘賴 蹖丕丿 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 讴賴 丕賵 噩夭 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 賴丕蹖 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲 乇賵夭蹖 丕夭 丿爻鬲 禺賵丕賴丿 乇賮鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕賵 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 讴賴 丕賮夭賵賳 亘乇 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 賲乇诏 毓夭蹖夭丕賳 貙 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 賲乇诏 禺賵丿 賴賲 賮讴乇 讴乇丿 . 賳鬲蹖噩賴 丕蹖賳 鬲賮讴乇 爻賳讴丕 乇丕 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賳鬲蹖噩賴 乇爻丕賳丿賴 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 賴賲蹖賳 賱丨馗賴 丌禺乇蹖賳 丿賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕爻鬲 .亘丿蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賴乇 乇賵夭 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 賮毓丕賱蹖鬲 賵 賱匕鬲 禺賵丕賴丿 卮丿 .
乇丕賴 丿蹖诏乇 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 賲卮睾賵賱 亘賵丿賳 亘賴 丕賲賵乇 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 賳賴 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 亘賴 丕賲賵乇 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖 . 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 丕蹖賳 賲胤賱亘 乇丕 丕蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 讴賴 亘毓囟蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 賵 亘毓囟蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕 禺丕乇噩 丕夭 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 . 丕賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 貙 丕賲蹖丕賱 貙 禺賵丕爻鬲 賴丕 乇丕 丕夭 丕賲賵乇 丿爻鬲賴 丕賵賱 賵 賲孬賱丕 噩丕賵丿丕賳 夭蹖爻鬲賳 蹖丕 賳诏乇丕賳 夭賱夭賱賴 亘賵丿賳 乇丕 丕夭 丕賲賵乇 丿爻鬲賴 丿賵賲 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 . 丕賵 氐乇賮 讴乇丿賳 賵賯鬲 亘乇丕蹖 诏乇賵賴 丿賵賲 乇丕 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 貙 倬賵趩 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕賲丕 丿賵诏丕賳賴 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 乇丕 亘賴 爻賴 诏丕賳賴 鬲亘丿蹖賱 讴乇丿賴 賵 丿乇讴賳丕乇 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 貙 賯爻賲鬲 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賴賲 丕賮夭賵丿賴 讴賴 賳爻亘蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 貙 蹖毓賳蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 丕賲丕 讴賳鬲乇賱 讴丕賲賱蹖 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 賳丿丕乇蹖賲 . 賲孬賱丕 倬蹖乇賵夭 卮丿賳 丿乇 蹖讴 賲爻丕亘賯賴 鬲丕 丕賳丿丕夭賴 丕蹖 賵 賳賴 讴丕賲賱 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 賮乇丿 乇丕 亘賴 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴乇丿賳 賴丿賮 賮乇丕 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳丿 貙 賲孬賱丕 丕賵 亘丕蹖丿 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳丿 亘賴 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賳丨賵 亘丕夭蹖 讴賳丿 賵 賮讴乇 亘乇丿 賵 亘丕禺鬲 賳亘丕卮丿 . 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丕蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 诏乇賮鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕賴丿丕賮 亘夭乇诏蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿丕丿賳 丿賳蹖丕 乇丕 賳丿丕乇賳丿 貙 丌賳賴丕 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿賴賳丿 .
亘賴 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 乇丕賴 賴丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 丿丕卮鬲賳 乇賵蹖讴乇丿蹖 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖丕賳賴 丕爻鬲 賵 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳 噩亘乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 蹖丕 賴賲丕賳 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 丕爻鬲 丕賲丕 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕 鬲賳賴丕 賲丨丿賵丿 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賵 夭賲丕賳 丨丕賱 丕爻鬲 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿賳 讴丕乇蹖 爻亘亘 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 诏匕卮鬲賴 賳賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 诏匕卮鬲賴 乇賯賲 禺賵乇丿賴 賵 亘賴 賴蹖趩 诏賵賳賴 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丌賳乇丕 毓賵囟 讴乇丿 . 丨丕賱 賴賲 賴賲蹖賳 孬丕賳蹖賴 丿乇 丨丕賱 诏匕乇 賵 讴賵鬲丕賴 鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘鬲賵丕賳 丿乇 丌賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 丿丕丿 . 鬲賳賴丕 丌蹖賳丿赖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿爻鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲 賵 丕賵 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 亘丕 鬲賱丕卮 賴丕蹖卮 丌蹖賳丿赖 禺賵丿 乇丕 乇賯賲 夭賳丿 . 丕蹖賳 賳賵毓 賳诏丕賴 爻亘亘 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕夭 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘乇丿賳 噩賲賱丕鬲蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 丕蹖 讴丕卮 貙 鬲丕 噩丕蹖 賲賲讴賳 丕噩鬲賳丕亘 卮丿賴 賵 賵賯鬲 賵 丕賳乇跇蹖 氐乇賮 丌蹖賳丿赖 卮賵丿 貙 賳賴 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 倬蹖卮 乇賯賲 禺賵乇丿賴 .
丕賲丕 乇賵卮 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘賴 鬲丿乇蹖噩 爻禺鬲 鬲乇 卮丿賴 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕夭 丨丕賱鬲 毓賲賵賲蹖 賴賲 讴賲蹖 禺丕乇噩 賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 賴丕 倬乇賴蹖夭 丕夭 賱匕鬲 蹖丕 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 爻賵蹖賴 鬲丕乇蹖讴 賱匕鬲 丕爻鬲 .爻賳讴丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 毓賱丕賵賴 亘乇 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕丨鬲賲丕賱 賵賯賵毓 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 貙 亘丕蹖丿 诏丕賴蹖 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 趩賳蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲蹖 乇禺 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿 .亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 亘丕蹖丿 賴乇 丕夭 趩賳丿 诏丕賴 賮賯蹖乇丕賳賴 貙 亘丕 丕乇夭丕賳 鬲乇蹖賳 睾匕丕賴丕 賵 夭亘乇 賵 夭賲禺鬲 鬲乇蹖賳 噩丕賲賴 賴丕 爻乇 讴乇丿 鬲丕 賯丿乇 貙 丕乇夭卮 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 賱匕鬲 睾匕丕蹖 禺賵亘 賵 賱亘丕爻 賲賳丕爻亘 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丿丕賳爻鬲 . 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 賴賲 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 爻禺鬲 讴賴 賲賲讴賳 丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮 丌蹖丿 丌賲丕丿賴 賲蹖 讴賳丿 賵 賴賲 鬲丕亘 丌賵乇蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 賲乇賵乇 丕賮夭丕蹖卮 賲蹖 丿賴丿. 丕賮夭賵賳 亘乇 鬲丨賲賱 爻禺鬲蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 貙 爻賳讴丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 诏丕賴蹖 賴賲 亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 賱匕鬲 賴丕蹖 讴賵趩讴 趩卮賲 倬賵卮蹖 讴乇丿
鬲丕 丕爻蹖乇 賵 亘乇丿賴 丕賲蹖丕賱 賵 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賴丕 賳卮丿 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 賱匕鬲 乇丕 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 丕丨鬲蹖丕胤 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲 賵 賳賴 亘賴 鬲賲丕賲蹖 .
亘禺卮 爻賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭 賲乇賴 蹖丕 趩诏賵賳诏蹖 賲賵丕噩賴 卮丿賳 丌賳丕賳 亘丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 . 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 貙 丕蹖噩丕丿 賵 丨賮馗 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲 . 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘丕 卮賳丕禺鬲賳 丕賳爻丕賳 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賲賵噩賵丿蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 賳蹖丕夭 丕賳爻丕賳 亘賴 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏乇賯丿乇鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丿乇 亘蹖賳 亘乇丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 乇丕 亘賴 亘乇賯乇丕乇蹖 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 賵 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌賳 丿毓賵鬲 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 氐賮丕鬲 乇丕亘胤賴 乇丕 毓賯賱丕賳蹖鬲 賵 爻賵丿賲賳丿蹖 丌賳 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 賵馗丕蹖賮 賵 丕賴丿丕賮 丌賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴蹖 貙 氐亘賵乇蹖 賵 禺丿賲鬲 亘乇 賲蹖 卮賲丕乇丿 . 丌賳賴丕 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 亘乇賯乇丕蹖 丕乇鬲亘丕胤
亘丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖賳 鬲毓丿丕丿 丌丿賲蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿 賳賴 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 诏夭蹖丿賴 卮丿賴 賵 賲賳鬲禺亘
乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 賲賴賲 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賴賲 丿乇 亘丕亘 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭賲乇賴 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 乇丕賴 賲賳丕爻亘 乇賵亘乇賵 卮丿賳 亘丕 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賵 鬲丨賯蹖乇 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 賲丕鬲賲 貙 禺卮賲 丿丕卮鬲賴 賵 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 賲噩賲賵毓賴 丕蹖 丕夭 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 賳诏乇丕賳 鬲氐賵乇 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 禺賵丿 賳亘賵丿賳 貙 倬乇賴蹖夭 丕夭 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 孬乇賵鬲 賵 鬲噩賲賱丕鬲 賵 卮賴乇鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮蹖鬲 乇丕 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 爻賮丕乇卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 . 丕賲丕 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 爻賮丕乇卮 亘賴 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 賮賯乇 賵 诏賲賳丕賲蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 貙 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳賴丕 貙 亘丕 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴乇丿賳 丕蹖賳 丕賴丿丕賮 貙 孬乇賵鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮蹖鬲 禺賵丿 亘賴 禺賵丿 丨丕氐賱 賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵爻鬲 讴賴 賳丕賲賴丕蹖 爻賳讴丕 賵 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 賴賲 趩賳丕賳 亘賴 噩丕 賲丕賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 毓賲賱 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 爻亘亘 丕賮夭丕蹖卮 毓夭鬲 賳賮爻 賵 亘夭乇诏賵丕乇蹖 卮丿賴 賵 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 丌丿賲蹖 蹖讴 丕賲乇 丿乇賵賳蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 賴賲賴 噩丕 賵 丿乇 賴乇 丨丕賱 賴賲乇丕賴 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲 . 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 賲賮氐賱蹖 賴賲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇丕亘胤賴 噩賳爻蹖 貙 丿賵乇丕賳 倬蹖乇蹖 貙 賲乇诏 賵 倬匕蹖乇卮 丌賳 丿丕乇賳丿 . 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 亘禺卮 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕乇賵蹖賳 亘賴 爻禺鬲 亘賵丿賳 倬匕蹖乇卮 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕毓鬲乇丕賮 賲蹖 讴賳丿 貙 丕賲丕 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘賴 賲乇丕鬲亘 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 爻禺鬲 鬲乇 丕爻鬲.
丕賮賵賱 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘丕 賲乇诏 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 鈥� 丕賲倬乇丕鬲賵乇 乇賵賲 賵 賮蹖賱爻賵賮 卮丕賴 卮乇賵毓 卮丿 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 丿乇 賳賵卮鬲賴 賴丕蹖 丿讴丕乇鬲 賵 卮賵倬賳賴丕賵乇 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 丌賳丕賳 丿蹖丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 賮賱爻賮賴 丌賳丕賳 貙 亘丿賵賳 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 丕蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 爻賳讴丕 貙 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 貙 賲賵爻賵賳蹖賵爻 賵 丌乇賵賱蹖賵爻 賵賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 亘丕 馗賴賵乇 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 讴賴 賵毓丿賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 丿蹖诏乇 賲蹖 丿丕丿 讴賲 讴賲 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖 卮丿賴 賵 亘賴 賲丨丕賯 乇賮鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賴丕蹖 丌賳丕賳 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賲乇诏 賵 丕賳丿賵賴 亘丕 倬乇爻卮 賴丕蹖蹖 噩丿蹖 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 噩賵丕亘賴丕蹖蹖 賳賴 趩賳丿丕賳 賯丕賳毓 讴賳賳丿賴 乇賵亘乇賵 卮丿 .
倬乇賮爻賵乇 丕乇賵蹖賳 讴賵卮蹖丿賴 禺賵丿 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇丕 亘賴 乇賵夭 讴乇丿賴 賵 倬丕爻禺賴丕蹖蹖 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 鬲乇 亘丕 賯乇賳 噩丿蹖丿 賵 賳賮賵匕 賳馗乇蹖賴 鬲讴丕賲賱 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳丿 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 丿蹖诏乇 賳蹖丕夭蹖 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 诏乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 夭卅賵爻 亘乇丕蹖 卮乇丨 倬蹖丿丕蹖卮 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘丕 賳馗乇蹖賴 鬲讴丕賲賱 賴賲丕賴賳诏 讴乇丿 .
丕乇賵蹖賳 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿賵亘丕乇賴 亘乇 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲丕讴蹖丿 讴乇丿賴 賵 丌賳乇丕 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 丕氐賱 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賴 . 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 乇賵卮 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 亘丕 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 卮丿賴 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕卮丿 乇丕 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賱蹖 亘蹖丕賳 讴乇丿 賵 蹖丕 丕夭 丌賳 賮乇賲賵賱蹖 噩丕丿賵蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 爻丕禺鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲 趩賳丿丕賳 賲賳丕爻亘 賴賲賴 丕賮乇丕丿 賳亘丕卮丿 .卮丕蹖丿 鬲賳賴丕 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 賲胤丕賱毓賴 讴丕賲賱 爻亘讴 賴丕蹖 賮賱爻賮蹖 賵 鬲爻賱胤 蹖丕賮鬲賳 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 貙 亘鬲賵丕賳 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 丕蹖 賲蹖丕賳 賲讴丕鬲亘 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿 賵賲胤丕亘賯 诏賮鬲賴 噩賳丕亘 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕夭 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘丿賵賳 賮賱爻賮賴 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 丌賳乇丕 倬賵趩蹖 賵 亘蹖 賴丿賮 亘賵丿賳 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳丿 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲 乇賴丕蹖蹖 蹖丕賮鬲 .
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丿 乇丕 丿乇 亘丕乇賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 胤乇丨蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 蹖丕 丿丕賳爻鬲賳 賴丿賮 丕氐賱蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 卮乇賵毓 讴乇丿賴 貙 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賮乇賴賳诏 丕賲乇賵夭賴 亘丕 賮乇丕賴賲 讴乇丿賳 爻乇诏乇賲蹖 賴丕蹖 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳 貙 夭賲丕賳 賵 賳蹖丕夭蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賮讴乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 丿丕卮鬲賳 丌賳 亘丕賯蹖 賳诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕爻鬲 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丿賵賳 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 貙 亘丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賴 賵 鬲賳賴丕 爻乇诏乇賲 賲卮睾賵賱蹖丕鬲 賵 乇賵夭賲乇诏蹖 賴丕蹖 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 卮賵蹖賲 . 丕賲丕 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 賵賴丿賮蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 亘賴 禺賵丿 亘賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇 蹖丕 丕爻鬲乇丕鬲跇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 賲賳鬲噩 賳賲蹖 卮賵丿 .
賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 丌鬲賳 賵 亘賴 丿爻鬲 夭賳賵賳 讴蹖鬲蹖賵賲蹖 賵 亘丕 鬲丕讴蹖丿 亘乇 賲賳胤賯 貙 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 亘賳丕 卮丿 賵 乇卮丿 讴乇丿 丕賲丕 亘賴 鬲丿乇蹖噩 丿乇 丌鬲賳 亘賴 賮乇丕賲賵卮蹖 爻倬乇丿賴 卮丿 . 亘丕 賲賴丕噩乇鬲 倬丕賳丕蹖鬲蹖賵爻 亘賴 乇賵賲 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 鬲丿乇蹖噩 賵 鬲賵爻毓賴 倬蹖丿丕 讴乇丿 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 乇賵賲蹖 賴丕 亘賴 丌賳 睾賳丕蹖 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 丿丕丿賳丿 . 丌賳賴丕 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 乇丕 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丨匕賮 賵 亘賴 噩丕蹖 丌賳 讴爻亘 丌乇丕賲卮 蹖毓賳蹖 乇賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲賳賮蹖 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 貙 禺卮賲 貙 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 亘賴乇賴 賲賳丿蹖 丕夭 毓賵丕胤賮 賲孬亘鬲 蹖丕 卮丕丿蹖 乇丕 噩丕蹖诏夭蹖賳 丌賳賴丕 讴乇丿賳丿 . 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 讴爻亘 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丿賵 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賵 賴丿賮 丕氐賱蹖 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇賵賲蹖 卮丿 .
丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 趩诏賵賳賴 丕爻鬲 責
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 亘禺卮 丿賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 禺賵丿 亘賴 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 貙 丕乇賵蹖賳 倬丿蹖丿賴 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 亘賴 賱匕鬲 乇丕 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 賵 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 賮乇丌蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 貙 丕賮乇丕丿 賲丿丕賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇囟丕蹖 丕賲蹖丕賱蹖 賲蹖 乇賵賳丿 讴賴 賴蹖趩 賵賯鬲 鬲賲丕賲蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿 賵 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇讴 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 賲蹖賱 丿乇 賵噩賵丿卮丕賳 丕乇囟丕 賳卮丿賴 丕賮爻乇丿賴 賵睾賲诏蹖賳 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿 .丕夭 賳诏丕賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 蹖讴 乇丕賴 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 卮丕丿讴丕賲蹖 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賮乇丕蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 丿乇 賴賲丕賳 賳胤賮賴 禺賮賴 卮賵丿 . 丌賳賴丕 丕蹖賳 鬲讴賳蹖讴 乇丕 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賳丕賲蹖丿賴 賵 丌賳乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 乇丕賴蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲毓讴賵爻 讴乇丿賳 賮乇丌蹖賳丿 禺賵诏蹖乇蹖 亘賴 賱匕鬲 賲蹖 卮賳丕爻賳丿 . 爻賳讴丕 賴賲賴 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 丕賲丕賳鬲 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 賴乇诏丕賴 丕乇丕丿賴 讴賳丿 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 丌賳乇丕 倬爻 亘诏蹖乇丿 . 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 乇讴 賵 氐乇蹖丨 鬲賵氐蹖賴 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 賴賳诏丕賲 亘賵爻蹖丿賳 賮乇夭賳丿 貙 毓卮賯 蹖丕 賲丕丿乇 亘賴 蹖丕丿 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 讴賴 丕賵 噩夭 丿丕乇丕蹖蹖 賴丕蹖 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲 乇賵夭蹖 丕夭 丿爻鬲 禺賵丕賴丿 乇賮鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕賵 賲蹖 诏賵蹖丿 讴賴 丕賮夭賵賳 亘乇 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 賲乇诏 毓夭蹖夭丕賳 貙 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 賲乇诏 禺賵丿 賴賲 賮讴乇 讴乇丿 . 賳鬲蹖噩賴 丕蹖賳 鬲賮讴乇 爻賳讴丕 乇丕 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賳鬲蹖噩賴 乇爻丕賳丿賴 讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 賴賲蹖賳 賱丨馗賴 丌禺乇蹖賳 丿賲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕爻鬲 .亘丿蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賴乇 乇賵夭 爻乇卮丕乇 丕夭 賮毓丕賱蹖鬲 賵 賱匕鬲 禺賵丕賴丿 卮丿 .
乇丕賴 丿蹖诏乇 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 賲卮睾賵賱 亘賵丿賳 亘賴 丕賲賵乇 丿乇賵賳蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 賳賴 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 亘賴 丕賲賵乇 亘蹖乇賵賳蹖 . 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 丕蹖賳 賲胤賱亘 乇丕 丕蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 卮乇丨 丿丕丿賴 讴賴 亘毓囟蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 賵 亘毓囟蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕 禺丕乇噩 丕夭 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 . 丕賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 貙 丕賲蹖丕賱 貙 禺賵丕爻鬲 賴丕 乇丕 丕夭 丕賲賵乇 丿爻鬲賴 丕賵賱 賵 賲孬賱丕 噩丕賵丿丕賳 夭蹖爻鬲賳 蹖丕 賳诏乇丕賳 夭賱夭賱賴 亘賵丿賳 乇丕 丕夭 丕賲賵乇 丿爻鬲賴 丿賵賲 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 . 丕賵 氐乇賮 讴乇丿賳 賵賯鬲 亘乇丕蹖 诏乇賵賴 丿賵賲 乇丕 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 貙 倬賵趩 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕賲丕 丿賵诏丕賳賴 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 乇丕 亘賴 爻賴 诏丕賳賴 鬲亘丿蹖賱 讴乇丿賴 賵 丿乇讴賳丕乇 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 貙 賯爻賲鬲 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賴賲 丕賮夭賵丿賴 讴賴 賳爻亘蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 貙 蹖毓賳蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 丕賲丕 讴賳鬲乇賱 讴丕賲賱蹖 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 賳丿丕乇蹖賲 . 賲孬賱丕 倬蹖乇賵夭 卮丿賳 丿乇 蹖讴 賲爻丕亘賯賴 鬲丕 丕賳丿丕夭賴 丕蹖 賵 賳賴 讴丕賲賱 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 . 丕乇賵蹖賳 賮乇丿 乇丕 亘賴 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴乇丿賳 賴丿賮 賮乇丕 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳丿 貙 賲孬賱丕 丕賵 亘丕蹖丿 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳丿 亘賴 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賳丨賵 亘丕夭蹖 讴賳丿 賵 賮讴乇 亘乇丿 賵 亘丕禺鬲 賳亘丕卮丿 . 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丕蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 诏乇賮鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕賴丿丕賮 亘夭乇诏蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿丕丿賳 丿賳蹖丕 乇丕 賳丿丕乇賳丿 貙 丌賳賴丕 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿賴賳丿 .
亘賴 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 乇丕賴 賴丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 丿丕卮鬲賳 乇賵蹖讴乇丿蹖 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖丕賳賴 丕爻鬲 賵 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賳 噩亘乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 蹖丕 賴賲丕賳 爻乇賳賵卮鬲 丕爻鬲 丕賲丕 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕 鬲賳賴丕 賲丨丿賵丿 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賵 夭賲丕賳 丨丕賱 丕爻鬲 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿賳 讴丕乇蹖 爻亘亘 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 诏匕卮鬲賴 賳賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 诏匕卮鬲賴 乇賯賲 禺賵乇丿賴 賵 亘賴 賴蹖趩 诏賵賳賴 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丌賳乇丕 毓賵囟 讴乇丿 . 丨丕賱 賴賲 賴賲蹖賳 孬丕賳蹖賴 丿乇 丨丕賱 诏匕乇 賵 讴賵鬲丕賴 鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘鬲賵丕賳 丿乇 丌賳 鬲睾蹖蹖乇蹖 丿丕丿 . 鬲賳賴丕 丌蹖賳丿赖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿爻鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲 賵 丕賵 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 亘丕 鬲賱丕卮 賴丕蹖卮 丌蹖賳丿赖 禺賵丿 乇丕 乇賯賲 夭賳丿 . 丕蹖賳 賳賵毓 賳诏丕賴 爻亘亘 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕夭 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘乇丿賳 噩賲賱丕鬲蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 丕蹖 讴丕卮 貙 鬲丕 噩丕蹖 賲賲讴賳 丕噩鬲賳丕亘 卮丿賴 賵 賵賯鬲 賵 丕賳乇跇蹖 氐乇賮 丌蹖賳丿赖 卮賵丿 貙 賳賴 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 倬蹖卮 乇賯賲 禺賵乇丿賴 .
丕賲丕 乇賵卮 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘賴 鬲丿乇蹖噩 爻禺鬲 鬲乇 卮丿賴 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕夭 丨丕賱鬲 毓賲賵賲蹖 賴賲 讴賲蹖 禺丕乇噩 賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 賴丕 倬乇賴蹖夭 丕夭 賱匕鬲 蹖丕 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 爻賵蹖賴 鬲丕乇蹖讴 賱匕鬲 丕爻鬲 .爻賳讴丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 毓賱丕賵賴 亘乇 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕丨鬲賲丕賱 賵賯賵毓 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 貙 亘丕蹖丿 诏丕賴蹖 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 趩賳蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲蹖 乇禺 丿丕丿賴 丕賳丿 .亘賳丕亘乇丕蹖賳 亘丕蹖丿 賴乇 丕夭 趩賳丿 诏丕賴 賮賯蹖乇丕賳賴 貙 亘丕 丕乇夭丕賳 鬲乇蹖賳 睾匕丕賴丕 賵 夭亘乇 賵 夭賲禺鬲 鬲乇蹖賳 噩丕賲賴 賴丕 爻乇 讴乇丿 鬲丕 賯丿乇 貙 丕乇夭卮 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 賱匕鬲 睾匕丕蹖 禺賵亘 賵 賱亘丕爻 賲賳丕爻亘 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丿丕賳爻鬲 . 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 賴賲 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 爻禺鬲 讴賴 賲賲讴賳 丕爻鬲 倬蹖卮 丌蹖丿 丌賲丕丿賴 賲蹖 讴賳丿 賵 賴賲 鬲丕亘 丌賵乇蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 賲乇賵乇 丕賮夭丕蹖卮 賲蹖 丿賴丿. 丕賮夭賵賳 亘乇 鬲丨賲賱 爻禺鬲蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 貙 爻賳讴丕 倬蹖卮賳賴丕丿 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 诏丕賴蹖 賴賲 亘丕蹖丿 丕夭 賱匕鬲 賴丕蹖 讴賵趩讴 趩卮賲 倬賵卮蹖 讴乇丿
鬲丕 丕爻蹖乇 賵 亘乇丿賴 丕賲蹖丕賱 賵 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賴丕 賳卮丿 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 賱匕鬲 乇丕 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 丕丨鬲蹖丕胤 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲 賵 賳賴 亘賴 鬲賲丕賲蹖 .
亘禺卮 爻賵賲 讴鬲丕亘 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭 賲乇賴 蹖丕 趩诏賵賳诏蹖 賲賵丕噩賴 卮丿賳 丌賳丕賳 亘丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕蹖爻鬲 . 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 貙 丕蹖噩丕丿 賵 丨賮馗 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲 . 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘丕 卮賳丕禺鬲賳 丕賳爻丕賳 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 賲賵噩賵丿蹖 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賵 賳蹖丕夭 丕賳爻丕賳 亘賴 噩丕賲毓賴 賵 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏乇賯丿乇鬲 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丿乇 亘蹖賳 亘乇丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 貙 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 乇丕 亘賴 亘乇賯乇丕乇蹖 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 賵 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 丨賮馗 丌賳 丿毓賵鬲 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿. 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 氐賮丕鬲 乇丕亘胤賴 乇丕 毓賯賱丕賳蹖鬲 賵 爻賵丿賲賳丿蹖 丌賳 賲蹖 丿丕賳丿 賵 賵馗丕蹖賮 賵 丕賴丿丕賮 丌賳 乇丕 賳蹖讴蹖 貙 氐亘賵乇蹖 賵 禺丿賲鬲 亘乇 賲蹖 卮賲丕乇丿 . 丌賳賴丕 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 亘乇賯乇丕蹖 丕乇鬲亘丕胤
亘丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖賳 鬲毓丿丕丿 丌丿賲蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿 賳賴 噩丕賲毓賴 丕蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 诏夭蹖丿賴 卮丿賴 賵 賲賳鬲禺亘
乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 賲賴賲 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賴賲 丿乇 亘丕亘 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭賲乇賴 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 乇丕賴 賲賳丕爻亘 乇賵亘乇賵 卮丿賳 亘丕 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賵 鬲丨賯蹖乇 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 賲丕鬲賲 貙 禺卮賲 丿丕卮鬲賴 賵 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 賲噩賲賵毓賴 丕蹖 丕夭 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 賳诏乇丕賳 鬲氐賵乇 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 禺賵丿 賳亘賵丿賳 貙 倬乇賴蹖夭 丕夭 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 孬乇賵鬲 賵 鬲噩賲賱丕鬲 賵 卮賴乇鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮蹖鬲 乇丕 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 爻賮丕乇卮 賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 . 丕賲丕 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 爻賮丕乇卮 亘賴 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 賮賯乇 賵 诏賲賳丕賲蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳賳丿 貙 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳賴丕 貙 亘丕 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴乇丿賳 丕蹖賳 丕賴丿丕賮 貙 孬乇賵鬲 賵 賲毓乇賵賮蹖鬲 禺賵丿 亘賴 禺賵丿 丨丕氐賱 賲蹖 卮賵丿 貙 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵爻鬲 讴賴 賳丕賲賴丕蹖 爻賳讴丕 賵 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 賴賲 趩賳丕賳 亘賴 噩丕 賲丕賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丌賳丕賳 毓賲賱 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 爻亘亘 丕賮夭丕蹖卮 毓夭鬲 賳賮爻 賵 亘夭乇诏賵丕乇蹖 卮丿賴 賵 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 丌丿賲蹖 蹖讴 丕賲乇 丿乇賵賳蹖 賲蹖 卮賵丿 讴賴 賴賲賴 噩丕 賵 丿乇 賴乇 丨丕賱 賴賲乇丕賴 丕賳爻丕賳 丕爻鬲 . 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 賲賮氐賱蹖 賴賲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇丕亘胤賴 噩賳爻蹖 貙 丿賵乇丕賳 倬蹖乇蹖 貙 賲乇诏 賵 倬匕蹖乇卮 丌賳 丿丕乇賳丿 . 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 亘禺卮 丕乇夭卮 賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 丕乇賵蹖賳 亘賴 爻禺鬲 亘賵丿賳 倬匕蹖乇卮 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕毓鬲乇丕賮 賲蹖 讴賳丿 貙 丕賲丕 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘賴 賲乇丕鬲亘 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 爻禺鬲 鬲乇 丕爻鬲.
丕賮賵賱 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘丕 賲乇诏 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 鈥� 丕賲倬乇丕鬲賵乇 乇賵賲 賵 賮蹖賱爻賵賮 卮丕賴 卮乇賵毓 卮丿 賵 丕诏乇趩賴 丿乇 賳賵卮鬲賴 賴丕蹖 丿讴丕乇鬲 賵 卮賵倬賳賴丕賵乇 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 丌賳丕賳 丿蹖丿賴 賲蹖 卮賵丿 丕賲丕 賮賱爻賮賴 丌賳丕賳 貙 亘丿賵賳 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 丕蹖 賲丕賳賳丿 爻賳讴丕 貙 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 貙 賲賵爻賵賳蹖賵爻 賵 丌乇賵賱蹖賵爻 賵賵 賴賲趩賳蹖賳 亘丕 馗賴賵乇 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 讴賴 賵毓丿賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 丿蹖诏乇 賲蹖 丿丕丿 讴賲 讴賲 夭蹖乇 夭賲蹖賳蹖 卮丿賴 賵 亘賴 賲丨丕賯 乇賮鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賴丕蹖 丌賳丕賳 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賲乇诏 賵 丕賳丿賵賴 亘丕 倬乇爻卮 賴丕蹖蹖 噩丿蹖 賵 丕賱亘鬲賴 噩賵丕亘賴丕蹖蹖 賳賴 趩賳丿丕賳 賯丕賳毓 讴賳賳丿賴 乇賵亘乇賵 卮丿 .
倬乇賮爻賵乇 丕乇賵蹖賳 讴賵卮蹖丿賴 禺賵丿 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇丕 亘賴 乇賵夭 讴乇丿賴 賵 倬丕爻禺賴丕蹖蹖 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 鬲乇 亘丕 賯乇賳 噩丿蹖丿 賵 賳賮賵匕 賳馗乇蹖賴 鬲讴丕賲賱 倬蹖丿丕 讴賳丿 . 丕夭 賳诏丕賴 丕賵 丿蹖诏乇 賳蹖丕夭蹖 亘賴 蹖丕乇蹖 诏乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 夭卅賵爻 亘乇丕蹖 卮乇丨 倬蹖丿丕蹖卮 賳蹖爻鬲 賵 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘丕 賳馗乇蹖賴 鬲讴丕賲賱 賴賲丕賴賳诏 讴乇丿 .
丕乇賵蹖賳 丿乇 倬丕蹖丕賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿賵亘丕乇賴 亘乇 丿丕卮鬲賳 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲丕讴蹖丿 讴乇丿賴 賵 丌賳乇丕 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 丕氐賱 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿丕賳爻鬲賴 . 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 乇賵卮 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 亘丕 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 卮丿賴 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕卮丿 乇丕 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲蹖 讴賱蹖 亘蹖丕賳 讴乇丿 賵 蹖丕 丕夭 丌賳 賮乇賲賵賱蹖 噩丕丿賵蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 爻丕禺鬲 . 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲 趩賳丿丕賳 賲賳丕爻亘 賴賲賴 丕賮乇丕丿 賳亘丕卮丿 .卮丕蹖丿 鬲賳賴丕 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 賲胤丕賱毓賴 讴丕賲賱 爻亘讴 賴丕蹖 賮賱爻賮蹖 賵 鬲爻賱胤 蹖丕賮鬲賳 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 貙 亘鬲賵丕賳 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 丕蹖 賲蹖丕賳 賲讴丕鬲亘 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿 賵賲胤丕亘賯 诏賮鬲賴 噩賳丕亘 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕夭 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘丿賵賳 賮賱爻賮賴 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 丌賳乇丕 倬賵趩蹖 賵 亘蹖 賴丿賮 亘賵丿賳 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳丿 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲 乇賴丕蹖蹖 蹖丕賮鬲 .
June 7, 2012
This book gets 5 stars for subject, 2 stars for execution. The Stoics themselves are fascinating and every quote is a gem. However, the author doesn't trust the ancient Stoics to carry the argument. Instead, his account is a series of straw man arguments ("you might think that a Stoic would eat babies, but there's another reading..." Not quite that bad but almost.). Further, when he gets to the section on updating Stoicism for the modern world, the section where he has to do the heavy lifting by himself, he has a failure of nerve or a bout of laziness or both. It turns into a hypothetical argument ("if one were to argue, one would start by describing how evolution supports Stoicism..." but he never actually makes the argument!) "One" should go ahead and make his argument, rather than totally copping out with a sketch of an idea. I was predisposed to like this book given the subject, but I was left wishing for a far better treatment. The Stoics deserve better.
May 10, 2023
Fiind el 卯nsu葯i un stoic declarat, William B. Irvine (n. 1952), profesor la Universitatea din Dayton, Ohio, 葯i-ar dori s膬 tr膬iasc膬 卯ntr-o lume de stoici. Crede c膬 ar ar膬ta ceva mai bine dec卯t 卯n prezent. Oamenii s-ar chinui mai pu葲in cu fleacuri, ar fi mai senini 葯i mai voio葯i. 葮i, cu siguran葲膬, ar tr膬i mai mult, ar dep膬葯i suta. De acord.
脦n acest nobil scop, el descrie filosofia stoic膬, principalii ei reprezentan葲i (Zenon, Seneca, Epictet, Musonius Rufus, Marcus Aurelius) 葯i o adapteaz膬 la vremurile noastre (pp.27-71). Autorul recomand膬 c卯teva 鈥瀍xerci葲ii spirituale鈥� 葯i sfaturi: vizualizarea negativ膬, renun葲area la ego / sine, medita葲ia asupra b膬tr卯ne葲ii 葯i a mor葲ii etc. (pp.74-215). 脦n final, William B. Irvine discut膬 motivele care au dus la 鈥瀌eclinul stoicismului鈥� 葯i necesitatea de a-i da o nou膬 卯nf膬葲i葯are, acceptabil膬 pentru contemporani (pp.219-294).
Este o lucrare mult mai bun膬 dec卯t C膬rticica stoicismului de Jonas Salzgerber. William B. Irvine chiar i-a citit pe stoici. Singurul lucru care m膬 irit膬 este faptul c膬 toat膬 aceast膬 literatur膬 de self-help (care se revendic膬 de la Seneca 葯i Epictet) s-a ivit 葯i a explodat abia dup膬 ce filosofii 卯n cauz膬 au devenit vedete interna葲ionale prin lucr膬rile lui Pierre Hadot 葯i Michel Foucault. Dar nimeni nu-i men葲ioneaz膬 ca precursori.
C膬r葲ile de self-help au dou膬 defecte majore: simplific膬 la maximum 卯nv膬葲膬turile la care trimit (卯n cazul de fa葲膬 preceptele stoicismului) 葯i mimeaz膬 un optimism for葲at. Vre葲i s膬 fi葲i ferici葲i 葯i toat膬 lumea s膬 prospere? Da? Atunci urma葲i 卯ntocmai cele 133 de reguli din aceast膬 carte. Lumea va r卯de de voi, dar nu v膬 face葲i griji, fi葲i stoici...
Ca de obicei, traducerea 葯i corectura lucr膬rii las膬 de dorit. Filosoful Canus nu putea juca 葯ah (p.207). El juca latrunculi, un joc cu pioni de culori diferite, f膬r膬 leg膬tur膬 cu 葯ahul. Seneca nu a redactat niciodat膬 o lucrare cu titlul Consola葲ii c膬tre Marcia (p.107). Titlul latinesc al scrisorii este Ad Marciam: De Consolatione 葯i se traduce prin Consola葲ie / M卯ng卯iere. Pentru Marcia, a葯a cum foarte corect e 卯n nota de subsol. 脦n paragraful 3 de la p.257, sintagma 鈥灻畁 primul r卯nd鈥� se repet膬 inutil 卯n aceea葯i fraz膬.
Un extras: 鈥濩u siguran葲膬 c膬 nu s卯nt primul stoic care modific膬 doctrina. Romanii, dup膬 cum am v膬zut, au adaptat stoicismul grec nevoilor lor... Stoicii credeau c膬 principiile stoicismului nu s卯nt de piatr膬, ci mai cur卯nd din lut...鈥� (p.256).
Traducerea acestui volum apar葲ine lui Florin Tudose. Nu e men葲ionat 卯n prezentarea c膬r葲ii.
脦n acest nobil scop, el descrie filosofia stoic膬, principalii ei reprezentan葲i (Zenon, Seneca, Epictet, Musonius Rufus, Marcus Aurelius) 葯i o adapteaz膬 la vremurile noastre (pp.27-71). Autorul recomand膬 c卯teva 鈥瀍xerci葲ii spirituale鈥� 葯i sfaturi: vizualizarea negativ膬, renun葲area la ego / sine, medita葲ia asupra b膬tr卯ne葲ii 葯i a mor葲ii etc. (pp.74-215). 脦n final, William B. Irvine discut膬 motivele care au dus la 鈥瀌eclinul stoicismului鈥� 葯i necesitatea de a-i da o nou膬 卯nf膬葲i葯are, acceptabil膬 pentru contemporani (pp.219-294).
Este o lucrare mult mai bun膬 dec卯t C膬rticica stoicismului de Jonas Salzgerber. William B. Irvine chiar i-a citit pe stoici. Singurul lucru care m膬 irit膬 este faptul c膬 toat膬 aceast膬 literatur膬 de self-help (care se revendic膬 de la Seneca 葯i Epictet) s-a ivit 葯i a explodat abia dup膬 ce filosofii 卯n cauz膬 au devenit vedete interna葲ionale prin lucr膬rile lui Pierre Hadot 葯i Michel Foucault. Dar nimeni nu-i men葲ioneaz膬 ca precursori.
C膬r葲ile de self-help au dou膬 defecte majore: simplific膬 la maximum 卯nv膬葲膬turile la care trimit (卯n cazul de fa葲膬 preceptele stoicismului) 葯i mimeaz膬 un optimism for葲at. Vre葲i s膬 fi葲i ferici葲i 葯i toat膬 lumea s膬 prospere? Da? Atunci urma葲i 卯ntocmai cele 133 de reguli din aceast膬 carte. Lumea va r卯de de voi, dar nu v膬 face葲i griji, fi葲i stoici...
Ca de obicei, traducerea 葯i corectura lucr膬rii las膬 de dorit. Filosoful Canus nu putea juca 葯ah (p.207). El juca latrunculi, un joc cu pioni de culori diferite, f膬r膬 leg膬tur膬 cu 葯ahul. Seneca nu a redactat niciodat膬 o lucrare cu titlul Consola葲ii c膬tre Marcia (p.107). Titlul latinesc al scrisorii este Ad Marciam: De Consolatione 葯i se traduce prin Consola葲ie / M卯ng卯iere. Pentru Marcia, a葯a cum foarte corect e 卯n nota de subsol. 脦n paragraful 3 de la p.257, sintagma 鈥灻畁 primul r卯nd鈥� se repet膬 inutil 卯n aceea葯i fraz膬.
Un extras: 鈥濩u siguran葲膬 c膬 nu s卯nt primul stoic care modific膬 doctrina. Romanii, dup膬 cum am v膬zut, au adaptat stoicismul grec nevoilor lor... Stoicii credeau c膬 principiile stoicismului nu s卯nt de piatr膬, ci mai cur卯nd din lut...鈥� (p.256).
Traducerea acestui volum apar葲ine lui Florin Tudose. Nu e men葲ionat 卯n prezentarea c膬r葲ii.
January 5, 2017
1. 賲蹖 诏賵蹖賳丿 丿乇 蹖賵賳丕賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 -亘乇禺賱丕賮 丕蹖乇丕賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 讴賴 丨讴賵賲鬲蹖 丿蹖讴鬲丕鬲賵乇蹖 丿丕卮鬲- 亘賴 爻亘亘 丨讴賵賲鬲 丿賲賵讴乇丕鬲蹖讴 丕卮貙 讴爻丕賳蹖 丿丕乇丕蹖 卮丕賳蹖鬲 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 賽 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 鬲賵丕賳丕蹖蹖 卮丕賳 丿乇 丕賯賳丕毓 讴乇丿賳 賲乇丿賲丕賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賵 亘蹖卮鬲乇 亘賵丿貨 丕夭 丕蹖賳 乇賵 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘丕夭丕乇 賲丿丕乇爻 丌賲賵夭卮 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 賲賳胤賯 賵 噩丿賱 賵 禺胤丕亘賴 丿丕睾 賽 丿丕睾 亘賵丿. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘丕夭丕乇 卮賱賵睾 讴賴 賴乇 讴爻 丕丿毓丕蹖 丌賲賵夭卮 賴賳乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賳丨賵 乇丕 丿丕卮鬲 爻賵蹖蹖 丿乇 丿爻鬲 丕賮賱丕胤賵賳蹖丕賳 賵 丌讴丕丿賲蹖 卮丕賳 亘賵丿 貙 爻賵蹖蹖 丿乇 丿爻鬲 丕倬蹖讴賵乇蹖丕賳貙 爻賵蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲卮丕蹖蹖丕賳 倬蹖乇賵 丕乇爻胤賵貙 爻賵蹖蹖 爻賵賮爻胤丕蹖蹖丕賳 賵 爻賵蹖蹖 讴賱亘蹖賵賳 賵 ...丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲蹖丕賳 诏乇賵賴蹖 丕夭 賮賱丕爻賮賴 蹖 賴賳乇 賽 夭賳丿诏蹖 丌賲賵夭 賴賲 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 趩賵賳 爻禺賳乇丕賳蹖 賴丕蹖卮丕賳 乇丕 丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丿乇 乇賵丕賯 賴丕蹖 倬乇 賳賯卮 賵 賳诏丕乇 蹖賵賳丕賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 亘乇诏夭丕乇 賲蹖讴乇丿賳丿 亘賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賲毓乇賵賮 卮丿賳丿.
2.賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 夭賳賵賳 讴蹖鬲蹖賵賲蹖 丿乇 蹖賵賳丕賳 倬丕蹖賴 诏匕丕乇蹖 讴乇丿.丕爻丕爻 賮賱爻賮賴 卮丕賳 亘乇 丌賲賵夭卮 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻鬲賵丕乇 亘賵丿 賵 睾丕蹖鬲 丕賱賯氐賵蹖 卮丕賳 賮囟蹖賱鬲賲賳丿蹖 賵 丿丕卮鬲賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵亘.爻丕賱賴丕 亘毓丿 乇賵賲蹖锟斤拷賳 亘丕 丨匕賮 賱夭賵賲 蹖丕丿诏蹖乇蹖 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕蹖噩丕丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇丕鬲蹖 丿乇 丕氐賵賱 賵 賲亘丕賳蹖 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 賵 爻丕夭诏丕乇爻丕夭蹖 丕賳 亘丕 卮乇丕蹖胤 禺賵丿卮丕賳 貙 丿爻鬲蹖丕亘蹖 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 賴賲 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕氐賱蹖 鬲乇蹖賳 睾丕蹖丕鬲 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賮夭賵丿賳丿.
3.賮蹖 丕賱賵丕賯毓貙 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕蹖噩丕丿 丌乇丕賲卮 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 丌賳 賵 賳蹖夭 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘乇丿賳 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲賳賮蹖 趩賵賳 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 貙 禺卮賲貙 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 鬲乇爻 賵 ... 亘賵丿賴 丕爻鬲.丌賳賴丕 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丿爻鬲蹖丕亘蹖 亘賴 賲胤賱賵亘 賲匕讴賵乇 丕乇丕卅賴 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿. 丕賳丿蹖卮蹖丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘乇丕蹖 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 夭賳丿诏丕賳蹖 賴賲 丕讴賳賵賳 賵 丌賳趩賴 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賵 卮丕讴乇 亘賵丿賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳爻鬲 卮乇丕蹖胤 亘丿鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘丕卮丿 賵賱蹖 賳蹖爻鬲.鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 爻賴 诏丕賳賴 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 蹖毓賳蹖 鬲賲蹖夭 丿丕丿賳 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丕夭 丨賵夭賴 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 禺丕乇噩賳丿貙 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 鬲丕丨丿蹖 丿乇 讴賳鬲乇賱 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵賱蹖 鬲爻賱胤 讴丕賲賱蹖 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 賳丿丕乇蹖賲. 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 賵 噩亘乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賵 丨丕賱 賵 睾氐賴 賳禺賵乇丿賳 亘乇 丌賳 賵 賳蹖夭 亘蹖賳卮 賴丕蹖蹖 丿乇 亘丕亘 丨賮馗 丌乇丕賲卮 丿乇 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 乇丕 亘乇 賴賲 亘夭賳賳丿 貙 賴賲 趩賵賳 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賵鬲丨賯蹖乇貙 禺卮賲貙 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 丨爻 卮賴乇鬲 胤賱亘蹖貙 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 賲蹖賱 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 倬乇夭乇賯 賵 亘乇賯 貙 丿乇 賴賳诏丕賲賴 蹖 倬蹖乇蹖 賵 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 蹖 賲乇诏.
4. 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 丕亘毓丕丿 亘賴 賳诏丕賴 丿蹖賳蹖 賵 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 毓乇賮丕賳蹖 賲丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 賳夭丿蹖讴 丕爻鬲.
賲孬賱丕 爻禺賳 丕夭 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿乇 毓蹖賳 毓丿賲 賵丕亘爻鬲诏蹖 亘賴 丌賳 賵 鬲賵丕賳丕蹖蹖 丿乇 鬲乇讴 丌賳 亘丿賵賳 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 讴賳蹖丿 亘丕 爻禺賳 丨囟乇鬲 丕賲蹖乇 讴賴 賲蹖 賮乇賲丕蹖丿 : "丕賱夭賴丿 亘蹖賳 讴賱賲鬲蹖賳 賲賳 丕賱賯乇丕賳貙 賯丕賱 丕賱賱賴 爻亘丨丕賳賴: 賱讴蹖賱丕 鬲丕爻賵丕 毓賱蹖 賲丕 賮丕鬲讴賲 賵 賱丕 鬲賮乇丨賵丕 毓賱蹖 賲丕 丌鬲蹖讴賲貨 夭賴丿 亘蹖賳 丿賵 爻禺賳 丕夭 賯乇丌賳 丕爻鬲貙 禺丿丕 賲蹖賮乇賲丕蹖丿: 讴賴 亘乇 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿蹖丿 丨爻乇鬲 賲禺賵乇蹖丿 賵 亘丿丕賳趩賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇蹖丿 卮丕丿賲丕賳 賳亘丕卮蹖丿 賵 蹖丕 賴賲蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 乇丕 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 毓丕乇賮丕賳 亘賴 睾賳蹖賲鬲 卮賲乇丿賳 丿賲:
氐賵賮蹖 丕亘賳 丕賱賵賯鬲 亘丕卮丿 丕蹖 乇賮蹖賯
賳蹖爻鬲 賮乇丿丕 讴乇丿賳 丕夭 卮乇胤 胤乇蹖賯
蹖丕 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮鬲賳丿丕乇蹖 賵 賳蹖夭 爻禺鬲蹖 賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賵 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丿蹖诏乇... 丿乇賳賴丕蹖鬲 丌賳讴賴 :
丌丿賲蹖 亘丕蹖丿 賮丕乇睾 丕夭 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賵 鬲賲噩蹖丿 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賵 賳蹖夭 賲禺丕賱賮鬲 賵 賳丕乇囟丕蹖鬲蹖 丌賳丕賳 貙 禺賵丿 亘丕卮丿:
亘乇 讴卮 丌賳 賳睾賲賴 讴賴 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 蹖 丌亘 賵 诏賱 鬲賵爻鬲
丕蹖 夭 禺賵丿 乇賮鬲賴 貙 鬲賴蹖 卮賵 夭 賳賵丕蹖 丿诏賭賭賭乇丕賳
2.賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 夭賳賵賳 讴蹖鬲蹖賵賲蹖 丿乇 蹖賵賳丕賳 倬丕蹖賴 诏匕丕乇蹖 讴乇丿.丕爻丕爻 賮賱爻賮賴 卮丕賳 亘乇 丌賲賵夭卮 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻鬲賵丕乇 亘賵丿 賵 睾丕蹖鬲 丕賱賯氐賵蹖 卮丕賳 賮囟蹖賱鬲賲賳丿蹖 賵 丿丕卮鬲賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵亘.爻丕賱賴丕 亘毓丿 乇賵賲蹖锟斤拷賳 亘丕 丨匕賮 賱夭賵賲 蹖丕丿诏蹖乇蹖 賲賳胤賯 賵 賮蹖夭蹖讴 賵 丕蹖噩丕丿 鬲睾蹖蹖乇丕鬲蹖 丿乇 丕氐賵賱 賵 賲亘丕賳蹖 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 賵 爻丕夭诏丕乇爻丕夭蹖 丕賳 亘丕 卮乇丕蹖胤 禺賵丿卮丕賳 貙 丿爻鬲蹖丕亘蹖 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 賴賲 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕氐賱蹖 鬲乇蹖賳 睾丕蹖丕鬲 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賮夭賵丿賳丿.
3.賮蹖 丕賱賵丕賯毓貙 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕蹖噩丕丿 丌乇丕賲卮 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 丌賳 賵 賳蹖夭 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘乇丿賳 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 賲賳賮蹖 趩賵賳 貙 丕賳丿賵賴 貙 禺卮賲貙 丕囟胤乇丕亘 賵 鬲乇爻 賵 ... 亘賵丿賴 丕爻鬲.丌賳賴丕 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丿爻鬲蹖丕亘蹖 亘賴 賲胤賱賵亘 賲匕讴賵乇 丕乇丕卅賴 讴乇丿賴 丕賳丿. 丕賳丿蹖卮蹖丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘乇丕蹖 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 夭賳丿诏丕賳蹖 賴賲 丕讴賳賵賳 賵 丌賳趩賴 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賵 卮丕讴乇 亘賵丿賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳爻鬲 卮乇丕蹖胤 亘丿鬲乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘丕卮丿 賵賱蹖 賳蹖爻鬲.鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 爻賴 诏丕賳賴 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 蹖毓賳蹖 鬲賲蹖夭 丿丕丿賳 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丕夭 丨賵夭賴 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 禺丕乇噩賳丿貙 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵 丕賲賵乇蹖 讴賴 鬲丕丨丿蹖 丿乇 讴賳鬲乇賱 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿 賵賱蹖 鬲爻賱胤 讴丕賲賱蹖 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 賳丿丕乇蹖賲. 鬲賯丿蹖乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 賵 噩亘乇诏乇丕蹖蹖 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 賵 丨丕賱 賵 睾氐賴 賳禺賵乇丿賳 亘乇 丌賳 賵 賳蹖夭 亘蹖賳卮 賴丕蹖蹖 丿乇 亘丕亘 丨賮馗 丌乇丕賲卮 丿乇 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 乇丕 亘乇 賴賲 亘夭賳賳丿 貙 賴賲 趩賵賳 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賵鬲丨賯蹖乇貙 禺卮賲貙 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 丨爻 卮賴乇鬲 胤賱亘蹖貙 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 賲蹖賱 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 倬乇夭乇賯 賵 亘乇賯 貙 丿乇 賴賳诏丕賲賴 蹖 倬蹖乇蹖 賵 丿乇 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 蹖 賲乇诏.
4. 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 丕亘毓丕丿 亘賴 賳诏丕賴 丿蹖賳蹖 賵 亘賴 賵蹖跇賴 毓乇賮丕賳蹖 賲丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 賳夭丿蹖讴 丕爻鬲.
賲孬賱丕 爻禺賳 丕夭 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 丿乇 毓蹖賳 毓丿賲 賵丕亘爻鬲诏蹖 亘賴 丌賳 賵 鬲賵丕賳丕蹖蹖 丿乇 鬲乇讴 丌賳 亘丿賵賳 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 賲賯丕蹖爻賴 讴賳蹖丿 亘丕 爻禺賳 丨囟乇鬲 丕賲蹖乇 讴賴 賲蹖 賮乇賲丕蹖丿 : "丕賱夭賴丿 亘蹖賳 讴賱賲鬲蹖賳 賲賳 丕賱賯乇丕賳貙 賯丕賱 丕賱賱賴 爻亘丨丕賳賴: 賱讴蹖賱丕 鬲丕爻賵丕 毓賱蹖 賲丕 賮丕鬲讴賲 賵 賱丕 鬲賮乇丨賵丕 毓賱蹖 賲丕 丌鬲蹖讴賲貨 夭賴丿 亘蹖賳 丿賵 爻禺賳 丕夭 賯乇丌賳 丕爻鬲貙 禺丿丕 賲蹖賮乇賲丕蹖丿: 讴賴 亘乇 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿蹖丿 丨爻乇鬲 賲禺賵乇蹖丿 賵 亘丿丕賳趩賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇蹖丿 卮丕丿賲丕賳 賳亘丕卮蹖丿 賵 蹖丕 賴賲蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 乇丕 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 毓丕乇賮丕賳 亘賴 睾賳蹖賲鬲 卮賲乇丿賳 丿賲:
氐賵賮蹖 丕亘賳 丕賱賵賯鬲 亘丕卮丿 丕蹖 乇賮蹖賯
賳蹖爻鬲 賮乇丿丕 讴乇丿賳 丕夭 卮乇胤 胤乇蹖賯
蹖丕 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵蹖卮鬲賳丿丕乇蹖 賵 賳蹖夭 爻禺鬲蹖 賴丕蹖 禺賵丿 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 賵 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丿蹖诏乇... 丿乇賳賴丕蹖鬲 丌賳讴賴 :
丌丿賲蹖 亘丕蹖丿 賮丕乇睾 丕夭 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賵 鬲賲噩蹖丿 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賵 賳蹖夭 賲禺丕賱賮鬲 賵 賳丕乇囟丕蹖鬲蹖 丌賳丕賳 貙 禺賵丿 亘丕卮丿:
亘乇 讴卮 丌賳 賳睾賲賴 讴賴 爻乇賲丕蹖賴 蹖 丌亘 賵 诏賱 鬲賵爻鬲
丕蹖 夭 禺賵丿 乇賮鬲賴 貙 鬲賴蹖 卮賵 夭 賳賵丕蹖 丿诏賭賭賭乇丕賳
March 31, 2021
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亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 賴賲賴 毓夭蹖夭丕賳賲丕賳 毓卮賯 亘賵乇夭蹖賲貙 丕賲丕 賳亘丕蹖丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 鬲囟賲蹖賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 丌賳賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲蹖卮賴 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲丿鬲 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 倬蹖卮 賲丕 亘賲丕賳賳丿.
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賴乇 乇賵夭 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴賳 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 丌禺乇蹖賳 乇賵夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲賵爻鬲.
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亘丕蹖丿 賴乇 乇賵夭賲丕賳 乇丕 亘丕 丕蹖賳 賮讴乇 丌睾丕夭 讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 亘丕 趩賴 丌丿賲鈥屬囏й� 賲夭丕丨賲 賵 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴鈥屫й� 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 卮丿. 蹖毓賳蹖 亘丕蹖丿 丨賵丕爻賲丕賳 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 丌賳鈥屬囏� 趩賯丿乇 丿乇 讴丕乇賲丕賳 丿禺丕賱鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 趩賯丿乇 賳賲讴鈥屬嗀促嗀ж驰屫� 亘蹖鈥屫ж必з呟屫� 亘蹖鈥屬堎佖й屰屫� 丿卮賲賳蹖 賵 禺賵丿禺賵丕賴蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿蹖丿.
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丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丨鬲蹖 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 讴丕乇賲丕賳 賳丿丕乇賳丿 賴賲 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕乇丕 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘亘乇賳丿貨 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕诏乇 禺賵丿賲丕賳 丕噩丕夭賴 亘丿賴蹖賲.
馃摑噩賲賱丕鬲 亘丕賱丕 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲 賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇賵賲蹖 賵 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 亘乇乇爻蹖 丌賳鈥屬囏� 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 卮丿賴. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 賳馗乇蹖賴 倬乇丿丕夭丕賳 賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 丌賳鈥屬囏� 丌卮賳丕 賲蹖鈥屫促堐屬�. 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇 丌乇丕賲卮 賵 丨賮馗 丌賳 丿乇 賲爻蹖乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲丕讴蹖丿 夭蹖丕丿蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳丿 賵 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘丕毓孬 賮乇丕诏蹖乇 卮丿賳 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲卮丕賳 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 賲乇丿賲 卮丿賴 亘丕卮丿.讴鬲丕亘 亘乇 禺賱丕賮 鬲氐賵乇賲 亘爻蹖丕乇 禺賵卮鈥屫堌з� 賵 乇賵丕賳 亘賵丿. 賯丕亘賱 賮賴賲 賵 丿賱 賳卮蹖賳貨 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘毓囟蹖 賯爻賲鬲鈥屬囏� 噩丕蹖 鬲丕賲賱 丿丕卮鬲! 賲賳 亘禺卮 賵馗蹖賮賴 丿乇 亘丕亘 毓卮賯 賵乇夭蹖丿賳 亘賴 賳賵毓 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲. 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 禺賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丌乇丕賲卮 乇賵丨蹖 賵 乇賵丕賳蹖 賴賳诏丕賲 乇賵蹖丕乇賵蹖蹖 亘丕 丕賮乇丕丿 賲禺鬲賱賮 丿丕卮鬲貨 趩乇丕 讴賴 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 趩賴 亘禺賵丕賴蹖賲 賵 趩賴 賳禺賵丕賴蹖賲 賲賳卮兀 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 卮丕丿蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 賴賲蹖賳鈥屫焚堌� 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 亘丿 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿.
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丨丕賱丕 趩賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 亘丕蹖丿 爻乇丕睾 賮賱爻賮賴鈥屰� 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇賵賳丿責
讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丌乇丕賲卮 賴爻鬲賳丿 夭蹖乇丕 丌乇丕賲卮 賴賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賵毓丿賴鈥屰� 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�.
丿乇 賮氐賱 丌禺乇 讴鬲丕亘貙 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й屰� 亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕賳蹖 丿丕乇丿 讴賴 賯氐丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賵 賲賴賲鈥屫臂屬� 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屫ж� 倬賳賴丕賳 讴乇丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇丕夭 丕夭 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲.馃槄
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亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 賴賲賴 毓夭蹖夭丕賳賲丕賳 毓卮賯 亘賵乇夭蹖賲貙 丕賲丕 賳亘丕蹖丿 賮乇丕賲賵卮 讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 鬲囟賲蹖賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 丌賳賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲蹖卮賴 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲丿鬲 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 倬蹖卮 賲丕 亘賲丕賳賳丿.
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賴乇 乇賵夭 趩賳丕賳 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴賳 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 丌禺乇蹖賳 乇賵夭 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲賵爻鬲.
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亘丕蹖丿 賴乇 乇賵夭賲丕賳 乇丕 亘丕 丕蹖賳 賮讴乇 丌睾丕夭 讴賳蹖賲 讴賴 亘丕 趩賴 丌丿賲鈥屬囏й� 賲夭丕丨賲 賵 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴鈥屫й� 乇賵 亘賴 乇賵 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 卮丿. 蹖毓賳蹖 亘丕蹖丿 丨賵丕爻賲丕賳 亘丕卮丿 讴賴 丌賳鈥屬囏� 趩賯丿乇 丿乇 讴丕乇賲丕賳 丿禺丕賱鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 賵 趩賯丿乇 賳賲讴鈥屬嗀促嗀ж驰屫� 亘蹖鈥屫ж必з呟屫� 亘蹖鈥屬堎佖й屰屫� 丿卮賲賳蹖 賵 禺賵丿禺賵丕賴蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿蹖丿.
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丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丨鬲蹖 賵賯鬲蹖 讴賴 讴丕乇蹖 亘賴 讴丕乇賲丕賳 賳丿丕乇賳丿 賴賲 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕乇丕 丕夭 亘蹖賳 亘亘乇賳丿貨 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕诏乇 禺賵丿賲丕賳 丕噩丕夭賴 亘丿賴蹖賲.
馃摑噩賲賱丕鬲 亘丕賱丕 亘禺卮蹖 丕夭 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲 賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇賵賲蹖 賵 蹖賵賳丕賳蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 亘乇乇爻蹖 丌賳鈥屬囏� 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賴 卮丿賴. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 賳馗乇蹖賴 倬乇丿丕夭丕賳 賵 毓賯丕蹖丿 丌賳鈥屬囏� 丌卮賳丕 賲蹖鈥屫促堐屬�. 賮蹖賱爻賵賮丕賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇 丌乇丕賲卮 賵 丨賮馗 丌賳 丿乇 賲爻蹖乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 鬲丕讴蹖丿 夭蹖丕丿蹖 丿丕卮鬲賳丿 賵 卮丕蹖丿 賴賲蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘丕毓孬 賮乇丕诏蹖乇 卮丿賳 賳馗乇蹖丕鬲卮丕賳 丿乇 賲蹖丕賳 賲乇丿賲 卮丿賴 亘丕卮丿.讴鬲丕亘 亘乇 禺賱丕賮 鬲氐賵乇賲 亘爻蹖丕乇 禺賵卮鈥屫堌з� 賵 乇賵丕賳 亘賵丿. 賯丕亘賱 賮賴賲 賵 丿賱 賳卮蹖賳貨 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘毓囟蹖 賯爻賲鬲鈥屬囏� 噩丕蹖 鬲丕賲賱 丿丕卮鬲! 賲賳 亘禺卮 賵馗蹖賮賴 丿乇 亘丕亘 毓卮賯 賵乇夭蹖丿賳 亘賴 賳賵毓 丕賳爻丕賳 乇丕 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲. 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 禺賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丌乇丕賲卮 乇賵丨蹖 賵 乇賵丕賳蹖 賴賳诏丕賲 乇賵蹖丕乇賵蹖蹖 亘丕 丕賮乇丕丿 賲禺鬲賱賮 丿丕卮鬲貨 趩乇丕 讴賴 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 趩賴 亘禺賵丕賴蹖賲 賵 趩賴 賳禺賵丕賴蹖賲 賲賳卮兀 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏� 賵 卮丕丿蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 賴賲蹖賳鈥屫焚堌� 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲 亘丿 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿.
馃摑
丨丕賱丕 趩賴 讴爻丕賳蹖 亘丕蹖丿 爻乇丕睾 賮賱爻賮賴鈥屰� 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇賵賳丿責
讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丌乇丕賲卮 賴爻鬲賳丿 夭蹖乇丕 丌乇丕賲卮 賴賲丕賳 趩蹖夭蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賵毓丿賴鈥屰� 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�.
丿乇 賮氐賱 丌禺乇 讴鬲丕亘貙 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й屰� 亘乇丕蹖 讴爻丕賳蹖 丿丕乇丿 讴賴 賯氐丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賵 賲賴賲鈥屫臂屬� 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屫ж� 倬賳賴丕賳 讴乇丿賳 丕蹖賳 乇丕夭 丕夭 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲.馃槄
November 1, 2021
Have you ever thought about how we can live a happy life? Most people are thinking about it on daily basis and indeed it has been one of the greatest human concerns throughout history. Nowadays we can hardly find anyone to answer this question properly even the best philosophers are occupied with some other branches of philosophy such as logic, ethics, epistemology and ...
But about more than 2000 years ago there were philosophers whose main job was to teach 鈥減hilosophy of life鈥�, which refers to a comprehensive guide regarding how we should live in order to be happy and satisfied in our lives and how to alleviate or even eliminate all negative emotions such as anger, grief, anxiety, depression etc. The importance of having a philosophy of life is that if we don鈥檛 have a proper philosophy we might waste our precious life pursuing things that are not worth pursuing and attaining things that are not worth attaining. In other words, at the end of the life we might find out that we didn鈥檛 live a good life and we have just wasted it in haphazard way. Having A philosophy of life enables us to know the true value of everything we encounter and be aware of what we should focus on and what we should ignore. So, because of this importance there were schools in which great Greek philosophers taught their philosophy of life. Among them one of the most prominent and marvelous schools was the schools of 鈥渟toics鈥�. They were great philosophers and psychologists who obtained a remarkable wisdom regarding how to get rid of negative emotions and consequently; live a happy life.
The stoics asserts that the important goal in life is achieving 鈥淭ranquility鈥�. By tranquility they mean a life without or with little negative emotions like anger and anxiety, and have a tranquil state of mind. They also thought that we can achieve tranquility by living a 鈥渧irtuous鈥� life. According to stoics, a virtuous person is one who performs well the function for which humans were designed. For example, a virtuous hammer is one that drive nails properly. So for what function were people designed?? To answer this question the stoics thought we need only examine ourselves. On doing so, we will discover that we Have the ability to reason and we differ from other animals in this respect, so a virtuous person should be reasonable. Other natural characteristics of human are the same. For example we are naturally social creatures, so we have duties to our fellow men. In sum, stoics claim that if we live virtuous( in conformity with nature) we will reach tranquility and as a result, we will live a happy and satisfied life.
The author of this book is a proficient writer and he explained stoics theories in the best way possible. He focuses of practical aspects of stoics literature and explains their psychological techniques in a way that is so useful in everyday life. He also adds stoic sage鈥檚 advices about some important aspects of life such as how to treat in our social life, how to respond when we hear an insult, what should be attitude towards fame or fortune, and etc. I highly recommend this book to all sorts of readers, the least benefit of this book is that it will definitely help you to enhance your mental state.
But about more than 2000 years ago there were philosophers whose main job was to teach 鈥減hilosophy of life鈥�, which refers to a comprehensive guide regarding how we should live in order to be happy and satisfied in our lives and how to alleviate or even eliminate all negative emotions such as anger, grief, anxiety, depression etc. The importance of having a philosophy of life is that if we don鈥檛 have a proper philosophy we might waste our precious life pursuing things that are not worth pursuing and attaining things that are not worth attaining. In other words, at the end of the life we might find out that we didn鈥檛 live a good life and we have just wasted it in haphazard way. Having A philosophy of life enables us to know the true value of everything we encounter and be aware of what we should focus on and what we should ignore. So, because of this importance there were schools in which great Greek philosophers taught their philosophy of life. Among them one of the most prominent and marvelous schools was the schools of 鈥渟toics鈥�. They were great philosophers and psychologists who obtained a remarkable wisdom regarding how to get rid of negative emotions and consequently; live a happy life.
The stoics asserts that the important goal in life is achieving 鈥淭ranquility鈥�. By tranquility they mean a life without or with little negative emotions like anger and anxiety, and have a tranquil state of mind. They also thought that we can achieve tranquility by living a 鈥渧irtuous鈥� life. According to stoics, a virtuous person is one who performs well the function for which humans were designed. For example, a virtuous hammer is one that drive nails properly. So for what function were people designed?? To answer this question the stoics thought we need only examine ourselves. On doing so, we will discover that we Have the ability to reason and we differ from other animals in this respect, so a virtuous person should be reasonable. Other natural characteristics of human are the same. For example we are naturally social creatures, so we have duties to our fellow men. In sum, stoics claim that if we live virtuous( in conformity with nature) we will reach tranquility and as a result, we will live a happy and satisfied life.
The author of this book is a proficient writer and he explained stoics theories in the best way possible. He focuses of practical aspects of stoics literature and explains their psychological techniques in a way that is so useful in everyday life. He also adds stoic sage鈥檚 advices about some important aspects of life such as how to treat in our social life, how to respond when we hear an insult, what should be attitude towards fame or fortune, and etc. I highly recommend this book to all sorts of readers, the least benefit of this book is that it will definitely help you to enhance your mental state.
September 23, 2018
禺賵亘 亘賵丿.
亘蹖鈥屬嗀港屫� 賳亘賵丿 丕賲丕 禺賵亘 亘賵丿.
亘蹖鈥屬嗀港屫� 賳亘賵丿. 趩賵賳 诏丕賴蹖 丨乇賮鈥屬囏ж� 乇賵 鬲讴乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┴必� 賵賱蹖 丕夭 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鈥屫堌ж池� 丌賲賵夭卮蹖 亘丕卮賴 丕鬲賮丕賯 禺蹖賱蹖 亘丿蹖 賳亘賵丿. 亘賴乇丨丕賱 亘丕蹖丿 爻毓蹖鈥屫促� 賲蹖鈥屭┴必� 讴賴 讴丕賲賱 賲胤賱亘 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴 噩丕 亘賳丿丕夭賴.
乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賵丿賳 卮蹖賵賴 禺賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 亘丕卮賴. 賲賳 賴賲 亘丕 亘毓囟蹖 丕夭 亘禺卮鈥屬囏ж� 賳賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 賲賵丕賮賯 亘丕卮賲 賵賱蹖 丕讴孬乇 亘禺卮鈥屬囏ж� 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲讴鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 亘丕卮賴 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖. 賵 丕蹖丿賴鈥屰� 賳賵卮鬲賳 賴賲趩蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘蹖 賴賲 丕蹖丿賴鈥屰� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘蹖 亘賵丿 賵 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲賵囟蹖丨 丿丕丿賴 亘賵丿. 丕蹖賳 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 亘賴 趩賴 卮讴賱 亘賵丿賴 賵 丕賱丕賳 亘賴 趩賴 卮讴賱 卮丿賴.
亘賵丿賳 丕蹖賳 胤賵乇 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏� 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕鬲賮丕賯 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘蹖賴.
亘丕 禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴卮 賵 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿賳鈥屫ж簇� 賲蹖鈥屫促� 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲鈥屫� 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿.
讴賲鬲乇 毓氐亘丕賳蹖 卮丿貙 讴賲鬲乇 睾乇 夭丿 賵 讴賲鬲乇 丨乇氐 賵 噩賵卮 亘蹖禺賵丿 夭丿.
亘蹖鈥屬嗀港屫� 賳亘賵丿 丕賲丕 禺賵亘 亘賵丿.
亘蹖鈥屬嗀港屫� 賳亘賵丿. 趩賵賳 诏丕賴蹖 丨乇賮鈥屬囏ж� 乇賵 鬲讴乇丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┴必� 賵賱蹖 丕夭 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鈥屫堌ж池� 丌賲賵夭卮蹖 亘丕卮賴 丕鬲賮丕賯 禺蹖賱蹖 亘丿蹖 賳亘賵丿. 亘賴乇丨丕賱 亘丕蹖丿 爻毓蹖鈥屫促� 賲蹖鈥屭┴必� 讴賴 讴丕賲賱 賲胤賱亘 乇賵 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴 噩丕 亘賳丿丕夭賴.
乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賵丿賳 卮蹖賵賴 禺賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗁� 亘丕卮賴. 賲賳 賴賲 亘丕 亘毓囟蹖 丕夭 亘禺卮鈥屬囏ж� 賳賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 賲賵丕賮賯 亘丕卮賲 賵賱蹖 丕讴孬乇 亘禺卮鈥屬囏ж� 賲蹖鈥屫堎嗀池� 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲讴鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 亘丕卮賴 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖. 賵 丕蹖丿賴鈥屰� 賳賵卮鬲賳 賴賲趩蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘蹖 賴賲 丕蹖丿賴鈥屰� 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘蹖 亘賵丿 賵 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘 鬲賵囟蹖丨 丿丕丿賴 亘賵丿. 丕蹖賳 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 诏匕卮鬲賴 亘賴 趩賴 卮讴賱 亘賵丿賴 賵 丕賱丕賳 亘賴 趩賴 卮讴賱 卮丿賴.
亘賵丿賳 丕蹖賳 胤賵乇 讴鬲丕亘鈥屬囏� 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕鬲賮丕賯 禺蹖賱蹖 禺賵亘蹖賴.
亘丕 禺賵賳丿賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴卮 賵 丕賳噩丕賲 丿丕丿賳鈥屫ж簇� 賲蹖鈥屫促� 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲鈥屫� 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿.
讴賲鬲乇 毓氐亘丕賳蹖 卮丿貙 讴賲鬲乇 睾乇 夭丿 賵 讴賲鬲乇 丨乇氐 賵 噩賵卮 亘蹖禺賵丿 夭丿.
May 27, 2019
賴丿賮 丕氐賱蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賴爻鬲. 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 賲毓囟賱 亘乇丕蹖 禺蹖賱蹖鈥屬囏� 丕夭 噩賲賱賴 禺賵丿 賲賳 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 丌乇丕賲卮 鬲賵蹖 卮賴乇鬲賴責 蹖丕 孬乇賵鬲責 蹖丕 爻乇诏乇賲蹖鈥屬囏й� 賱匕鬲 亘禺卮責
丕诏賴 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 卮丿賴 亘丕卮蹖丿 賲蹖賮賴賲蹖丿 讴賴 卮賴乇鬲 賵 孬乇賵鬲 賵 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏й� 倬蹖鈥屫扁€屬聚� 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 毓賵丕賲賱 亘乇賴賲 禺賵乇丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 賴爻鬲賳. 倬爻 丌乇丕賲卮 讴噩丕爻鬲責
卮賵倬賳賴丕賵乇 賲蹖诏賴 賳亘賵丿 乇賳噩 爻毓丕丿鬲賴. 賲賵賳鬲賳蹖 賲蹖诏賴 倬匕蹖乇卮 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丌乇丕賲卮賴. 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賲蹖诏賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丕夭 賯賵丕蹖 毓賯賱丕賳蹖 賲賳噩乇 亘賴 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賱匕丕鬲 丿乇賵賳蹖賴 賵 爻毓丕丿鬲 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 乇賵 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丿丕乇賴.
禺亘 丨丕賱丕 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳蹖賲 丌乇丕賲卮 讴噩丕爻鬲 趩乇丕 賳乇蹖賲 爻乇丕睾卮責 丕蹖賳噩丕 蹖賴 丕賲丕 亘夭乇诏 賴爻鬲:
賲蹖卮賴 乇賳噩 賳亘丕卮賴責 胤亘蹖毓鬲 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘乇 賵賮賯 賲乇丕丿 賲丕爻鬲責 賲蹖卮賴 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲賲賵賳 (賳賮乇鬲貙 睾賲貙 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 ...) 亘乇 毓賯賱賲賵賳 睾賱亘賴 賳讴賳賳責
賲毓賱賵賲賴 讴賴 賳賲蹖卮賴. 倬爻 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 趩蹖 讴丕乇 讴乇丿賳責 趩胤賵乇 賴賲趩蹖賳 鬲賳丕賯囟蹖 乇賵 丨賱 讴乇丿賳責 亘丕蹖丿 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿 鬲丕 賮賴賲蹖丿.
亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 亘賵丿. 賳賲蹖鬲賵賳賲 亘诏賲 氐丿 丿乇 氐丿 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 賵賱蹖 卮丕蹖丿 鄱郯 丿乇氐丿 賲胤丕賱亘卮 乇賵 賲蹖鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 毓賲賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭賲乇賴鈥屫з� 倬蹖丕丿賴 讴賳賲. 丕蹖賳 鄱郯 丿乇氐丿 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賳 毓丿丿 亘夭乇诏蹖 亘乇丕蹖 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 賴爻鬲. 亘賴 毓賱丕賵賴 賲賳 賴賲 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丨乇賮 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇鈥屬� 賯亘賵賱 賳丿丕卮鬲賲. 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 賲賳胤賯 丿乇爻鬲蹖 賳丿蹖丿賲 倬卮鬲 賮賱爻賮蹖丿賳 賵 毓賲賱讴乇丿卮賵賳. 賵賱蹖 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 爻賵丿賲賳丿賴.
卮亘蹖賴鈥屫池ж槽� 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇貙 賳丨賵賴 鬲毓丕賲賱 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 鬲賯爻蹖賲 丕賲賵乇 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 賵 丌賳趩賴 賳蹖爻鬲 丕夭 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏й� 賲賳鬲爻亘 亘賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴爻鬲 讴賴 禺亘 丨丿丕賯賱 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 鬲賵賳爻鬲 鬲丕 丨丿 禺賵亘蹖 噩賵丕亘 亘丿賴. 賲丿鬲 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 賴爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇诏蹖乇 禺賵賳丿賳卮賲 賵 趩賳丿鬲丕蹖蹖 丕夭 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏ж� 乇賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴乇丿賲. 乇丕囟蹖 賴賲 賴爻鬲賲. 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘诏賲 賲賳 丿賯蹖賯丕 亘丕 賲卮讴賱丕鬲蹖 讴賴 丕蹖賳 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏� 賲賳噩乇 亘賴 乇賮毓卮 賲蹖卮丿賳 丿乇诏蹖乇 亘賵丿賲 (讴賲丕賱鈥屭必й屰屫� 賲賱丕賱貙 丕賳夭賵丕) 賵 卮丕蹖丿 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 亘賵丿賳卮 亘乇丕賲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 噩賴鬲 亘丕卮賴.
賳讴鬲賴 賲賳賮蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 卮亘蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘 丿蹖賳蹖 賲蹖卮丿馃榿 丕賵賳 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖诏賮鬲 賮賯乇 賵 诏乇爻賳诏蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 乇賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴賳蹖賲 ( 卮亘蹖賴 乇賵夭賴 诏乇賮鬲賳貙 蹖丕 亘丕 賮賯乇丕 賵賯鬲 诏匕乇賵賳丿賳 讴賴 丕爻賱丕賲 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖讴賳賴)
蹖丕 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖诏賮鬲 丕夭 賱匕鬲 趩卮賲 倬賵卮蹖 讴賳蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 !!
賮乇賯卮 亘丕 讴鬲丕亘賴丕蹖 丿蹖賳蹖 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 毓賯賱丕賳蹖 賲蹖丕賵乇丿 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 毓噩蹖亘 賵 爻禺鬲卮 賳賴 丨丿蹖孬 賵 丌蹖賴
賵賱蹖 禺亘 賲賳賲 賲睾夭賲 鬲丨賱蹖賱蹖賴 賵 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丌亘賲 亘丕賴丕卮 鬲賵蹖 蹖賴 噩賵亘 賳賲蹖乇賮鬲
賵賱蹖 賮氐賱 丌禺乇 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丨乇賮 禺賵亘蹖 賲蹖夭賳賴 讴賴 賲蹖诏賴 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘毓囟蹖 丕卮禺丕氐 鬲賵蹖 亘毓囟蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕卮賴. 丨丕賱丕 賲賳 蹖賴 丕氐賱丕丨 乇賵蹖 丕蹖賳 丨乇賮卮 賲蹖丕乇賲: 亘禺卮鈥屬囏й屰� 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘毓囟蹖 丕卮禺丕氐 鬲賵蹖 亘毓囟蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕卮賴.
賲賳 爻賴賲賲 乇賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 诏乇賮鬲賲. 丌蹖丕 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳賴責 賲賳 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴鬲乇 夭蹖爻鬲賳 禺賵丿賲 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖讴賳賲.
丌蹖丕 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕乇夭卮 禺賵賳丿賳 丿丕乇賴責 賯胤毓丕 丿丕乇賴. 賴乇 讴爻蹖 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 爻賴賲 禺賵丿卮 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳賴 倬爻 禺賵賳丿賳卮 丿乇 賴乇 丨丕賱 賲賮蹖丿賴.
丕诏賴 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 卮丿賴 亘丕卮蹖丿 賲蹖賮賴賲蹖丿 讴賴 卮賴乇鬲 賵 孬乇賵鬲 賵 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏й� 倬蹖鈥屫扁€屬聚� 賲賴賲鬲乇蹖賳 毓賵丕賲賱 亘乇賴賲 禺賵乇丿賳 丌乇丕賲卮 賴爻鬲賳. 倬爻 丌乇丕賲卮 讴噩丕爻鬲責
卮賵倬賳賴丕賵乇 賲蹖诏賴 賳亘賵丿 乇賳噩 爻毓丕丿鬲賴. 賲賵賳鬲賳蹖 賲蹖诏賴 倬匕蹖乇卮 胤亘蹖毓鬲 丌乇丕賲卮賴. 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賲蹖诏賳 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丕夭 賯賵丕蹖 毓賯賱丕賳蹖 賲賳噩乇 亘賴 毓賲蹖賯鈥屫臂屬� 賱匕丕鬲 丿乇賵賳蹖賴 賵 爻毓丕丿鬲 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 乇賵 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丿丕乇賴.
禺亘 丨丕賱丕 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳蹖賲 丌乇丕賲卮 讴噩丕爻鬲 趩乇丕 賳乇蹖賲 爻乇丕睾卮責 丕蹖賳噩丕 蹖賴 丕賲丕 亘夭乇诏 賴爻鬲:
賲蹖卮賴 乇賳噩 賳亘丕卮賴責 胤亘蹖毓鬲 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘乇 賵賮賯 賲乇丕丿 賲丕爻鬲責 賲蹖卮賴 丕丨爻丕爻丕鬲賲賵賳 (賳賮乇鬲貙 睾賲貙 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 ...) 亘乇 毓賯賱賲賵賳 睾賱亘賴 賳讴賳賳責
賲毓賱賵賲賴 讴賴 賳賲蹖卮賴. 倬爻 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 趩蹖 讴丕乇 讴乇丿賳責 趩胤賵乇 賴賲趩蹖賳 鬲賳丕賯囟蹖 乇賵 丨賱 讴乇丿賳責 亘丕蹖丿 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿 鬲丕 賮賴賲蹖丿.
亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 亘賵丿. 賳賲蹖鬲賵賳賲 亘诏賲 氐丿 丿乇 氐丿 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 賵賱蹖 卮丕蹖丿 鄱郯 丿乇氐丿 賲胤丕賱亘卮 乇賵 賲蹖鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 毓賲賱蹖 鬲賵蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵夭賲乇賴鈥屫з� 倬蹖丕丿賴 讴賳賲. 丕蹖賳 鄱郯 丿乇氐丿 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賳 毓丿丿 亘夭乇诏蹖 亘乇丕蹖 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 賴爻鬲. 亘賴 毓賱丕賵賴 賲賳 賴賲 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丨乇賮 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇鈥屬� 賯亘賵賱 賳丿丕卮鬲賲. 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 賲賳胤賯 丿乇爻鬲蹖 賳丿蹖丿賲 倬卮鬲 賮賱爻賮蹖丿賳 賵 毓賲賱讴乇丿卮賵賳. 賵賱蹖 賴賲趩賳丕賳 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴 亘爻蹖丕乇 爻賵丿賲賳丿賴.
卮亘蹖賴鈥屫池ж槽� 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇貙 賳丨賵賴 鬲毓丕賲賱 亘丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 鬲賯爻蹖賲 丕賲賵乇 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕爻鬲 賵 丌賳趩賴 賳蹖爻鬲 丕夭 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏й� 賲賳鬲爻亘 亘賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴爻鬲 讴賴 禺亘 丨丿丕賯賱 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 鬲賵賳爻鬲 鬲丕 丨丿 禺賵亘蹖 噩賵丕亘 亘丿賴. 賲丿鬲 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 賴爻鬲 讴賴 丿乇诏蹖乇 禺賵賳丿賳卮賲 賵 趩賳丿鬲丕蹖蹖 丕夭 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏ж� 乇賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴乇丿賲. 乇丕囟蹖 賴賲 賴爻鬲賲. 丕賱亘鬲賴 亘诏賲 賲賳 丿賯蹖賯丕 亘丕 賲卮讴賱丕鬲蹖 讴賴 丕蹖賳 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏� 賲賳噩乇 亘賴 乇賮毓卮 賲蹖卮丿賳 丿乇诏蹖乇 亘賵丿賲 (讴賲丕賱鈥屭必й屰屫� 賲賱丕賱貙 丕賳夭賵丕) 賵 卮丕蹖丿 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 亘賵丿賳卮 亘乇丕賲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 噩賴鬲 亘丕卮賴.
賳讴鬲賴 賲賳賮蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 卮亘蹖賴 讴鬲丕亘 丿蹖賳蹖 賲蹖卮丿馃榿 丕賵賳 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖诏賮鬲 賮賯乇 賵 诏乇爻賳诏蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 乇賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴賳蹖賲 ( 卮亘蹖賴 乇賵夭賴 诏乇賮鬲賳貙 蹖丕 亘丕 賮賯乇丕 賵賯鬲 诏匕乇賵賳丿賳 讴賴 丕爻賱丕賲 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖讴賳賴)
蹖丕 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖诏賮鬲 丕夭 賱匕鬲 趩卮賲 倬賵卮蹖 讴賳蹖 禺賵丿禺賵丕爻鬲賴 !!
賮乇賯卮 亘丕 讴鬲丕亘賴丕蹖 丿蹖賳蹖 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 鬲丨賱蹖賱 毓賯賱丕賳蹖 賲蹖丕賵乇丿 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 毓噩蹖亘 賵 爻禺鬲卮 賳賴 丨丿蹖孬 賵 丌蹖賴
賵賱蹖 禺亘 賲賳賲 賲睾夭賲 鬲丨賱蹖賱蹖賴 賵 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丌亘賲 亘丕賴丕卮 鬲賵蹖 蹖賴 噩賵亘 賳賲蹖乇賮鬲
賵賱蹖 賮氐賱 丌禺乇 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丨乇賮 禺賵亘蹖 賲蹖夭賳賴 讴賴 賲蹖诏賴 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘毓囟蹖 丕卮禺丕氐 鬲賵蹖 亘毓囟蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕卮賴. 丨丕賱丕 賲賳 蹖賴 丕氐賱丕丨 乇賵蹖 丕蹖賳 丨乇賮卮 賲蹖丕乇賲: 亘禺卮鈥屬囏й屰� 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 亘毓囟蹖 丕卮禺丕氐 鬲賵蹖 亘毓囟蹖 卮乇丕蹖胤 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖鈥屫臂屬� 賮賱爻賮賴 亘丕卮賴.
賲賳 爻賴賲賲 乇賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 诏乇賮鬲賲. 丌蹖丕 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳賴責 賲賳 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴鬲乇 夭蹖爻鬲賳 禺賵丿賲 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 賲蹖讴賳賲.
丌蹖丕 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕乇夭卮 禺賵賳丿賳 丿丕乇賴責 賯胤毓丕 丿丕乇賴. 賴乇 讴爻蹖 亘賴 丕賳丿丕夭賴 爻賴賲 禺賵丿卮 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 讴賳賴 倬爻 禺賵賳丿賳卮 丿乇 賴乇 丨丕賱 賲賮蹖丿賴.
August 29, 2020
If someone asks me why am I living and what is the purpose in life? then I don't have an answer. In pursuit of improving myself and better quality of life, I started reading self-help books and I've stumbled on Stoic mentions in other books on various occasions and thus I picked this one to learn about stoicism and this one is wonderful beginner book to become a practising stoic.
Why is it important to have a philosophy of life? If not we might unintentionally lead a bad life and on death bed we contemplate and regret that we have lead a bad life and did not accomplish anything substantial.
The purpose of practicing stoicism is to attain tranquility, this book helps you by providing teachings of Ancient stoics like Seneca, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus and others. Towards the end of this book, as a practicing stoic, the author advices on practicing stoicism and how it would be helpful for you in this modern world.
Stoicism teachings are not easy to follow, they are very difficult to practise. If you're planning to practice stoicism then the author strongly recommends to keep it a secret to avoid discouragement and humiliation from others.
Few of the teachings I remember are:
1 - Negative imagination: This is a tough one, stoics tell that by practicing negative imagination, we don't take the people or things we value most for granted.
E.g., If you value your house more, then imagine it is on fire, such that if the time comes you'll be able to cope with that disaster.
Practising negative imagination for sometime in a day helps us to be more affectionate with our loved ones.
2 - Dealing with insults: Insults either direct or indirect cannot be avoided, in your career or in your personal life. Stoics tell us respond to insults with silence and much better with self-deprecating humour by this we'll become more immune to insults.
3 - About control: Do not worry about the things you cannot control like Weather or traffic and so on. Care only about the things which you have complete control like your goals and ambitions. If some cases you have partial control like a Tennis match you're playing, if you're adamant on winning the match, you might get disappointed and it disturbs your tranquility instead focus on giving the best you can.
There's much more to learn from this book, it's worth giving it a try.
Why is it important to have a philosophy of life? If not we might unintentionally lead a bad life and on death bed we contemplate and regret that we have lead a bad life and did not accomplish anything substantial.
The purpose of practicing stoicism is to attain tranquility, this book helps you by providing teachings of Ancient stoics like Seneca, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus and others. Towards the end of this book, as a practicing stoic, the author advices on practicing stoicism and how it would be helpful for you in this modern world.
Stoicism teachings are not easy to follow, they are very difficult to practise. If you're planning to practice stoicism then the author strongly recommends to keep it a secret to avoid discouragement and humiliation from others.
Few of the teachings I remember are:
1 - Negative imagination: This is a tough one, stoics tell that by practicing negative imagination, we don't take the people or things we value most for granted.
E.g., If you value your house more, then imagine it is on fire, such that if the time comes you'll be able to cope with that disaster.
Practising negative imagination for sometime in a day helps us to be more affectionate with our loved ones.
2 - Dealing with insults: Insults either direct or indirect cannot be avoided, in your career or in your personal life. Stoics tell us respond to insults with silence and much better with self-deprecating humour by this we'll become more immune to insults.
3 - About control: Do not worry about the things you cannot control like Weather or traffic and so on. Care only about the things which you have complete control like your goals and ambitions. If some cases you have partial control like a Tennis match you're playing, if you're adamant on winning the match, you might get disappointed and it disturbs your tranquility instead focus on giving the best you can.
There's much more to learn from this book, it's worth giving it a try.
August 10, 2017
亘賴 賯賵賱 賲毓乇賵賮 賴乇 趩蹖夭蹖 亘丕蹖丿 爻丕丿賴 亘丕卮丿貙 丕賲丕 賳賴 禺蹖賱蹖 爻丕丿賴! 賲禺氐賵氐丕 賵賯鬲蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 丨乇賮 賲蹖 夭賳蹖賲貙 禺胤乇 鬲亘丿蹖賱 讴乇丿賳 賲賮丕賴蹖賲 賮賱爻賮蹖 亘賴 丨乇賮賴丕蹖 乇賵夭賲乇賴 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿 賵 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲 乇禺 丿丕丿賴 丕爻鬲. 蹖毓賳蹖 诏丕賴蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 賮讴乇 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 亘丕 讴鬲丕亘 鬲噩丕乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 倬乇賵乇丕賳丿賳 賲賴丕乇鬲賴丕蹖 卮禺氐蹖 乇賵亘乇賵 丕爻鬲. 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 诏爻鬲乇丿賴 鬲乇蹖 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 丕爻鬲 賵 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 亘乇賳丿蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賮乇賵卮 賲丨氐賵賱丕鬲 賮讴乇蹖 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賲丿乇賳 亘讴丕乇 賲蹖乇賵丿
丿乇 賲亘丕丨孬 賲蹖丕賳賴 讴鬲丕亘貙 丿賵 賲卮讴賱 丕氐賱蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 丕賵賱貙 诏丕賴蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 蹖讴 毓氐乇 亘乇丕蹖 讴丕乇讴乇丿 丿乇 毓氐乇 丿蹖诏乇 亘乇賵賳 蹖丕亘蹖 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿. 蹖毓賳蹖 亘噩丕蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 亘賴 丕氐賱 丕蹖丿賴 賴丕貙 丿賳亘丕賱 賲氐丕丿蹖賯 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺賵丿賲丕賳 賲蹖 诏乇丿蹖賲 讴賴 賳賵毓蹖 賲睾丕賱胤賴 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 诏丕賴蹖 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 丕蹖丿賴 賴丕 亘賴 賲亘鬲匕賱 鬲乇蹖賳 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賮乇賵讴丕爻鬲賴 賲蹖卮賵賳丿. 丿賵賲貙 囟毓蹖賮 噩賱賵賴 丿丕丿賳 丕爻鬲丿賱丕賱賴丕蹖 賲禺丕賱賮 丕爻鬲 卮丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 丿賮丕毓 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 丕夭 鬲賮讴乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 賵賱蹖 丿乇 毓賲賱 倬丕爻禺 禺賵亘 亘賴 爻賵丕賱 亘丿 讴賲讴蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿
蹖讴 賳讴鬲賴 賲賴賲 賴賲 丿乇 亘丨孬 鬲讴丕賲賱 賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丌賳 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖 睾蹖乇賲匕賴亘蹖 丿乇 丕賵丕禺乇 讴鬲丕亘 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕匕毓丕賳 賲蹖 讴賳丿 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲匕賴亘蹖 丕爻鬲貙 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳讴賴 讴鬲丕亘卮 鬲賵爻胤 睾蹖乇丿蹖賳丿丕乇丕賳 賴賲 禺賵丕賳丿賴 卮賵丿貙 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丕氐賵賱 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 夭亘丕賳 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 賴賲 亘丕夭诏賵 讴賳丿貙 亘丿賵賳 丕蹖賳讴賴 鬲賵噩賴 讴賳丿 卮丕蹖丿 賴乇 讴丿丕賲 丕夭 丕氐賵賱 毓賱賲蹖 賵 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 讴賴 亘丕夭诏賵 賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 賵丕賯毓丕 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 毓賱賲 賵 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 賴賲 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 卮讴賱 乇禺 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿 蹖丕 氐乇賮丕 賮乇囟蹖丕鬲 禺賵亘蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 丕夭 乇賵蹖讴乇丿 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 賳鬲蹖噩賴 卮賵丿. 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 丕夭 鬲讴丕賲賱 丿蹖賳 噩丿蹖丿蹖 賲蹖 爻丕夭丿 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 倬丕爻禺 爻賵丕賱丕鬲 乇丕 亘丕 賮乇囟蹖丕鬲 賲乇鬲亘胤 亘丕 禺賵丿卮 亘丿賴丿. 丕賱亘鬲賴 賳丕诏賮鬲賴 賳賲丕賳丿 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 亘乇丕蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 胤乇賮丿丕乇丕賳 丿丕乇賵蹖賳蹖爻賲 賳鬲蹖噩賴 亘禺卮 亘丕卮丿貙 趩乇丕 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 賳蹖夭 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丌賳乇丕 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿
丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 亘丕夭诏賵 讴乇丿賳 賲賵丕乇丿 賲賴賲蹖 诏匕卮鬲 讴賴 亘賴 賵丕爻胤賴 賮乇賴賳诏 賲匕賴亘蹖 噩丕賲毓賴 賲丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 丌卮賳丕 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖 乇爻賳丿 賵 卮丕蹖丿 賳賯卮 賲乇賵乇蹖 丿賵亘丕乇賴 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴 丿丕乇賳丿. 卮丕蹖丿 鬲賱賳诏乇蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘亘蹖賳蹖賲 賲賵丕乇丿 賵 丌賲賵禺鬲賴 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 丿乇丕夭 亘丕 丌賳賴丕 亘乇禺賵乇丿 丿丕卮鬲賴 丕蹖賲 趩胤賵乇 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丿乇 賯丕賱亘 賴丕蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丿賵亘丕乇賴 亘丕夭诏賵 卮賵賳丿 賵 亘乇丕蹖 賮乇賴賳诏 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 噩匕丕亘 亘丕卮賳丿貙 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖讴賴 讴賲 讴賲 丕夭 蹖丕丿 賲丕 賲蹖 乇賵賳丿 賵 趩賴 亘爻丕 賵賯鬲蹖 丿乇 卮讴賱蹖 丿蹖诏乇 賵 丕夭 夭亘丕賳 賮乇丿蹖 丕夭 賮乇賴賳诏蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱賲丕賳 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 诏蹖乇賳丿貙 噩匕丕亘蹖鬲 夭蹖丕丿蹖 亘乇丕蹖賲丕賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賵 丕賯亘丕賱 賳爻亘蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 丕蹖乇丕賳 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 禺賵亘蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴丿
丿乇 賲亘丕丨孬 賲蹖丕賳賴 讴鬲丕亘貙 丿賵 賲卮讴賱 丕氐賱蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 丕賵賱貙 诏丕賴蹖 丕賳丿蹖卮賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 蹖讴 毓氐乇 亘乇丕蹖 讴丕乇讴乇丿 丿乇 毓氐乇 丿蹖诏乇 亘乇賵賳 蹖丕亘蹖 賲蹖 卮賵賳丿. 蹖毓賳蹖 亘噩丕蹖 倬乇丿丕禺鬲賳 亘賴 丕氐賱 丕蹖丿賴 賴丕貙 丿賳亘丕賱 賲氐丕丿蹖賯 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 禺賵丿賲丕賳 賲蹖 诏乇丿蹖賲 讴賴 賳賵毓蹖 賲睾丕賱胤賴 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 賳鬲蹖噩賴 诏丕賴蹖 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 丕蹖丿賴 賴丕 亘賴 賲亘鬲匕賱 鬲乇蹖賳 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賮乇賵讴丕爻鬲賴 賲蹖卮賵賳丿. 丿賵賲貙 囟毓蹖賮 噩賱賵賴 丿丕丿賳 丕爻鬲丿賱丕賱賴丕蹖 賲禺丕賱賮 丕爻鬲 卮丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 丿賮丕毓 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 丕夭 鬲賮讴乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 賵賱蹖 丿乇 毓賲賱 倬丕爻禺 禺賵亘 亘賴 爻賵丕賱 亘丿 讴賲讴蹖 賳賲蹖 讴賳丿
蹖讴 賳讴鬲賴 賲賴賲 賴賲 丿乇 亘丨孬 鬲讴丕賲賱 賵 丕爻鬲賮丕丿賴 丌賳 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖 睾蹖乇賲匕賴亘蹖 丿乇 丕賵丕禺乇 讴鬲丕亘 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 亘丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕匕毓丕賳 賲蹖 讴賳丿 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲匕賴亘蹖 丕爻鬲貙 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳讴賴 讴鬲丕亘卮 鬲賵爻胤 睾蹖乇丿蹖賳丿丕乇丕賳 賴賲 禺賵丕賳丿賴 卮賵丿貙 鬲賱丕卮 賲蹖 讴賳丿 丕氐賵賱 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 夭亘丕賳 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 賴賲 亘丕夭诏賵 讴賳丿貙 亘丿賵賳 丕蹖賳讴賴 鬲賵噩賴 讴賳丿 卮丕蹖丿 賴乇 讴丿丕賲 丕夭 丕氐賵賱 毓賱賲蹖 賵 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 讴賴 亘丕夭诏賵 賲蹖 讴賳丿貙 賵丕賯毓丕 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 毓賱賲 賵 賵丕賯毓蹖鬲 賴賲 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 卮讴賱 乇禺 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿 蹖丕 氐乇賮丕 賮乇囟蹖丕鬲 禺賵亘蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 丕夭 乇賵蹖讴乇丿 鬲讴丕賲賱蹖 賳鬲蹖噩賴 卮賵丿. 丿乇 賵丕賯毓 丕夭 鬲讴丕賲賱 丿蹖賳 噩丿蹖丿蹖 賲蹖 爻丕夭丿 讴賴 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳丿 倬丕爻禺 爻賵丕賱丕鬲 乇丕 亘丕 賮乇囟蹖丕鬲 賲乇鬲亘胤 亘丕 禺賵丿卮 亘丿賴丿. 丕賱亘鬲賴 賳丕诏賮鬲賴 賳賲丕賳丿 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 丕蹖賳 乇賵卮 亘乇丕蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 胤乇賮丿丕乇丕賳 丿丕乇賵蹖賳蹖爻賲 賳鬲蹖噩賴 亘禺卮 亘丕卮丿貙 趩乇丕 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 賳蹖夭 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 诏賵賳賴 丌賳乇丕 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賴 丕賳丿
丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲貙 賳賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳 丕夭 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 亘丕夭诏賵 讴乇丿賳 賲賵丕乇丿 賲賴賲蹖 诏匕卮鬲 讴賴 亘賴 賵丕爻胤賴 賮乇賴賳诏 賲匕賴亘蹖 噩丕賲毓賴 賲丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 丌卮賳丕 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲蹖 乇爻賳丿 賵 卮丕蹖丿 賳賯卮 賲乇賵乇蹖 丿賵亘丕乇賴 乇丕 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿賴 丿丕乇賳丿. 卮丕蹖丿 鬲賱賳诏乇蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘亘蹖賳蹖賲 賲賵丕乇丿 賵 丌賲賵禺鬲賴 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 爻丕賱蹖丕賳 丿乇丕夭 亘丕 丌賳賴丕 亘乇禺賵乇丿 丿丕卮鬲賴 丕蹖賲 趩胤賵乇 賲蹖 鬲賵丕賳賳丿 丿乇 賯丕賱亘 賴丕蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丿賵亘丕乇賴 亘丕夭诏賵 卮賵賳丿 賵 亘乇丕蹖 賮乇賴賳诏 賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 噩匕丕亘 亘丕卮賳丿貙 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖讴賴 讴賲 讴賲 丕夭 蹖丕丿 賲丕 賲蹖 乇賵賳丿 賵 趩賴 亘爻丕 賵賯鬲蹖 丿乇 卮讴賱蹖 丿蹖诏乇 賵 丕夭 夭亘丕賳 賮乇丿蹖 丕夭 賮乇賴賳诏蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丿乇 賲賯丕亘賱賲丕賳 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 诏蹖乇賳丿貙 噩匕丕亘蹖鬲 夭蹖丕丿蹖 亘乇丕蹖賲丕賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賵 丕賯亘丕賱 賳爻亘蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 丕蹖乇丕賳 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 禺賵亘蹖 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴丿
August 14, 2020
亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘鬲賵賳蹖丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖丿 亘丕蹖丿 賯亘賱卮 亘丿賵賳蹖丿 讴賴 賯乇丕乇賴 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 趩賴 趩蹖夭蹖 賵 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖丿.
賲賵囟賵毓 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 丕爻鬲. 蹖讴 丕爻鬲丕丿 賮賱爻賮賴 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 賮賱爻賮賴 蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨 亘丿賴 賵 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕賵賳 乇丕賴讴丕乇 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賲丿乇賳 亘賴賲賵賳 丕乇丕卅賴 亘丿賴. 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺卮賲貙 丕賳丿賵賴貙 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 爻禺鬲貙 鬲丨賲賱 鬲賵賴蹖賳貙 倬蹖乇蹖 賵...
賮乇賲鬲 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲貙 讴賴 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲蹖賴 讴賴 丕賵賱 鬲丕乇蹖禺趩賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵囟蹖丨 丿丕丿賴 賲蹖卮賴貙 亘毓丿 乇丕賴讴丕乇 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖卮賴 賵 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴 禺賵丿卮 丿乇 乇丕亘胤賴 亘丕 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賳 賲蹖诏賴貙 鬲丕孬蹖乇 賲鬲賳 賵 趩賳丿 亘乇丕亘乇 賲蹖讴賳賴.
賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 丕爻鬲 賵 賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 賲賲讴賳賴 蹖賴 爻乇蹖 噩丕賴丕卮 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賲禺丕賱賮 亘丕卮蹖賲貙 賵賱蹖 亘賴 卮禺氐賴 趩賵賳 鬲賵 丨丕賱 乇賵丨蹖 丕氐賱丕 禺賵亘蹖 賳亘賵丿賲 賵賯鬲蹖 讴鬲丕亘 賵 禺賵賳丿賲 賵 酃鄣 丿乇氐丿 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 爻丕丿賴 賵 毓賲賱蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕 賴賲賴 賲卮讴賱丕鬲賲 亘賴賲 賳卮賵賳 丿丕丿貙 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 丨爻 讴乇丿賲 讴鬲丕亘 賵 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 賳賵卮鬲賴貙 趩卮賲 亘爻鬲賳 乇賵蹖 爻丕丿诏蹖 賵 丕蹖乇丕丿丕鬲卮 亘乇丕賲 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲 亘賵丿.
丕诏賴 卮賲丕 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 蹖讴賲 丌乇丕賲卮 鬲賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賴爻鬲蹖丿貙 賲禺氐賵氐丕 鬲賵 丕蹖賳 丕賵囟丕毓 丿賳蹖丕貙 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲讴 讴賳賳丿賴 亘丕卮賴.
賲賵囟賵毓 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 丕爻鬲. 蹖讴 丕爻鬲丕丿 賮賱爻賮賴 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 賮賱爻賮賴 蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨 亘丿賴 賵 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕賵賳 乇丕賴讴丕乇 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲卮讴賱丕鬲 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賲丿乇賳 亘賴賲賵賳 丕乇丕卅賴 亘丿賴. 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺卮賲貙 丕賳丿賵賴貙 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 爻禺鬲貙 鬲丨賲賱 鬲賵賴蹖賳貙 倬蹖乇蹖 賵...
賮乇賲鬲 讴鬲丕亘 賴賲貙 讴賴 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲蹖賴 讴賴 丕賵賱 鬲丕乇蹖禺趩賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵囟蹖丨 丿丕丿賴 賲蹖卮賴貙 亘毓丿 乇丕賴讴丕乇 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖卮賴 賵 丿乇 賳賴丕蹖鬲 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丕夭 鬲噩乇亘賴 禺賵丿卮 丿乇 乇丕亘胤賴 亘丕 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 讴乇丿賳 賲蹖诏賴貙 鬲丕孬蹖乇 賲鬲賳 賵 趩賳丿 亘乇丕亘乇 賲蹖讴賳賴.
賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 丕爻鬲 賵 賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 賲賲讴賳賴 蹖賴 爻乇蹖 噩丕賴丕卮 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賲禺丕賱賮 亘丕卮蹖賲貙 賵賱蹖 亘賴 卮禺氐賴 趩賵賳 鬲賵 丨丕賱 乇賵丨蹖 丕氐賱丕 禺賵亘蹖 賳亘賵丿賲 賵賯鬲蹖 讴鬲丕亘 賵 禺賵賳丿賲 賵 酃鄣 丿乇氐丿 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 爻丕丿賴 賵 毓賲賱蹖 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賯乇蹖亘丕 賴賲賴 賲卮讴賱丕鬲賲 亘賴賲 賳卮賵賳 丿丕丿貙 胤賵乇蹖 讴賴 丨爻 讴乇丿賲 讴鬲丕亘 賵 賮賯胤 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 賳賵卮鬲賴貙 趩卮賲 亘爻鬲賳 乇賵蹖 爻丕丿诏蹖 賵 丕蹖乇丕丿丕鬲卮 亘乇丕賲 禺蹖賱蹖 乇丕丨鬲 亘賵丿.
丕诏賴 卮賲丕 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 蹖讴賲 丌乇丕賲卮 鬲賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賴爻鬲蹖丿貙 賲禺氐賵氐丕 鬲賵 丕蹖賳 丕賵囟丕毓 丿賳蹖丕貙 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賲讴 讴賳賳丿賴 亘丕卮賴.
March 23, 2020
Xu岷 s岷痗 h啤n nhi峄乽 so v峄沬 c岷 nh岷璶 ban 膽岷 c峄 m矛nh.
Nh峄� cu峄憂 s谩ch n脿y m脿 m矛nh c贸 媒 t瓢峄焠g l脿m c谩c bu峄昳 booktalk ph芒n t铆ch s谩ch chuy锚n s芒u. Nh岷璶 ra b岷 th芒n c农ng 膽茫 th峄眂 h脿nh kh岷痗 k峄� b岷 l芒u nay.
M矛nh ngh末 膽芒y l脿 l瓢a ch峄峮 c峄眂 k矛 ph霉 h峄 cho b岷 n脿o mu峄憂 b岷痶 膽岷 con 膽瓢峄漬g kh岷痗 k峄�, ho岷穋 n贸i 膽煤ng h啤n l脿 t岷 ra s峄� b矛nh an l芒u d脿i cho b岷 th芒n.
Nh峄� cu峄憂 s谩ch n脿y m脿 m矛nh c贸 媒 t瓢峄焠g l脿m c谩c bu峄昳 booktalk ph芒n t铆ch s谩ch chuy锚n s芒u. Nh岷璶 ra b岷 th芒n c农ng 膽茫 th峄眂 h脿nh kh岷痗 k峄� b岷 l芒u nay.
M矛nh ngh末 膽芒y l脿 l瓢a ch峄峮 c峄眂 k矛 ph霉 h峄 cho b岷 n脿o mu峄憂 b岷痶 膽岷 con 膽瓢峄漬g kh岷痗 k峄�, ho岷穋 n贸i 膽煤ng h啤n l脿 t岷 ra s峄� b矛nh an l芒u d脿i cho b岷 th芒n.
October 9, 2020
賲賯丿賲賴 丕蹖 丿乇亘丕乇賴 丕賴賲蹖鬲 讴鬲丕亘
丕夭 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 賴诏賱 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖丿卅賵賱賵跇蹖賴丕蹖 亘乇丿诏蹖 賲毓乇賮蹖 讴乇丿貙 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿趩丕乇 讴跇亘蹖賳蹖 卮丿. 丕诏乇 丕夭 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 賲丕 亘倬乇爻賳丿 讴賴 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗃屫� (丕诏乇 讴賱丕 丌賳 乇丕 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻賲鬲 亘丕 丕倬蹖讴賵乇蹖爻賲 蹖丕 丕夭 丌賳 爻賲鬲 亘丕 讴賱亘蹖 賲爻賱讴蹖 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賳诏蹖乇蹖賲) 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 噩賵丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿丕丿: 丕夭 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏� 氐乇賮 賳馗乇 讴賳貙 丕夭 丿賳蹖丕 丿賱 亘讴賳貙 賴乇 丌賳趩賴 亘乇 爻乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屫③屫� 乇丕 亘倬匕蹖乇
丕蹖賳 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 氐乇賮丕賸 亘乇丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 亘丕卮丿貙 鬲賲丕賲 賳丨賱賴鈥屬囏й� 賮賱爻賮蹖 丿乇 胤賵賱 夭賲丕賳 亘賴 賲讴丕鬲亘蹖 倬蹖卮鈥屬矩р€屫з佖ж� 鬲亘丿蹖賱 卮丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 讴賴 诏賵蹖蹖 趩賳丿 丕丨賲賯 -賵 賳賴 賮蹖賱爻賵賮- 亘賴 丌賳 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屫з嗀�. 賵賱蹖 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賲丕賲 賳丨賱賴鈥屬囏й� 賮賱爻賮蹖 讴賴 乇丿蹖 丿乇 鬲丕乇蹖禺 诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕賳丿貙 丨鬲賲丕 丨乇賮蹖 賯丕亘賱 賯亘賵賱 丿丕卮鬲賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 噩丕蹖卮丕賳 丿乇 爻乇爻乇丕蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 賲丨賮賵馗 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 夭亘丕賱賴 丿丕賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺. 丕蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 丨鬲蹖 丿乇亘丕乇賴 爻賵賮蹖爻鬲賴丕蹖 睾蹖乇 賲鬲賲乇讴夭 賴賲 氐丕丿賯 丕爻鬲貙 趩賴 乇爻丿 亘賴 賲讴丕鬲亘蹖 賲孬賱 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 讴賴 乇賵夭诏丕乇蹖 賴夭丕乇丕賳 卮丕诏乇丿 乇丕 丕夭 丕賯氐蹖 賳賯丕胤 鬲賲丿賳賴丕蹖 亘夭乇诏 亘賴 禺賵丿 噩賱亘 賲蹖讴乇丿賳丿. 倬爻 丕诏乇 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丿丕賲賳賴 賲賯亘賵賱蹖鬲 乇丕 亘賴 趩賳丿 賳讴鬲賴 鬲賯賱蹖賱 丿丕丿蹖賲 讴賴 讴匕亘 蹖丕 賳丕讴丕乇丕蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕 芦亘丿蹖賴蹖禄 丕爻鬲貙 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 賳丨賵賴 鬲賯賱蹖賱 賵 禺賱丕氐賴鈥屫池ж槽� 賲丕 賳丕丿乇爻鬲 亘賵丿賴鈥屫ж池� 賵 亘丕蹖丿 賳诏丕賴蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫� 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 亘蹖賳丿丕夭蹖賲
讴鬲丕亘 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 賴賲蹖賳 賲賯氐賵丿 賵 亘蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲: 丕蹖賳讴賴 丕賵賱丕 亘丕 乇噩賵毓 亘賴 賲鬲賵賳 丿爻鬲 丕賵賱 亘賴 噩丕 賲丕賳丿賴 丕夭 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳卮丕賳 丿賴丿 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫� 賵 讴丕乇丌賲丿鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲丕 诏賲丕賳 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬呚� 賵 孬丕賳蹖丕 亘丕 趩賳丿 丕氐賱丕丨蹖賴 賵 鬲噩丿蹖丿賳馗乇 噩夭卅蹖 丿乇 丌乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 賳卮丕賳 丿賴丿 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 賳賵毓蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲禺丕胤亘丕賳 賲毓丕氐乇 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴乇丿 讴賴 丿爻鬲鈥屭┵� 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 芦賮賱爻賮賴 毓賲賱蹖禄 蹖丕 芦賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖禄 賯丕亘賱 倬蹖诏蹖乇蹖 亘丕卮丿. 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 丿賱蹖賱貙 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇 賮賱爻賮賴 毓賲賱蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫必� 亘乇 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 賲鬲賲乇讴夭 丕爻鬲 賵 卮賲丕 賳蹖夭 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 亘賴 爻乇丕睾 丌賳 亘乇賵蹖丿
讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 趩賴丕乇 亘禺卮 賵 22 賮氐賱 鬲賳馗蹖賲 卮丿賴鈥屫ж池�. 丕夭 賳爻亘鬲 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 蹖賵賳丕賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 丌睾丕夭 讴乇丿賴 賵 爻蹖乇蹖 丿乇 倬蹖丿丕蹖卮 賵 诏爻鬲乇卮 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 倬蹖 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 爻倬爻 丿乇 亘禺卮 丿賵賲 亘賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж藏� 讴賴 亘賴 丿乇爻鬲蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 芦乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж屄� 禺賵丕賳丿賴鈥屫ж池�. 亘禺卮 爻賵賲 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 丿乇 丌賳賴丕 讴丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�: 丕賳噩丕賲 賵馗蹖賮賴貙 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖貙 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丿蹖丿賳貙 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 賲丕鬲賲貙 禺卮賳 賳丕诏賴丕賳蹖貙 讴賳鬲乇賱 賲蹖賱 亘賴 卮賴乇鬲 賵 孬乇賵鬲貙 鬲亘毓蹖丿 賵 丕爻丕乇鬲貙 倬蹖乇蹖 賵 賲乇诏. 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲貙 亘禺卮 趩賴丕乇賲 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丿乇亘丕乇賴 丕賲讴丕賳 亘丕夭賳诏乇蹖 賵 丕丨蹖丕蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賲毓丕氐乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 卮乇賵丨 亘賴鈥屫辟堌藏簇団€屫й� 讴賴 賲賵賱賮 丿乇 丿賵 亘禺卮 诏匕卮鬲賴 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賵噩蹖賴 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘爻鬲賴鈥屫ж池� 趩賳丿丕賳 丨乇賮 噩丿蹖丿蹖 賳丿丕乇丿
乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳
丕诏乇 亘丕 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 賲匕讴賵乇 亘賴 爻乇丕睾 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘蹖丕蹖蹖丿貙 賲鬲賵噩賴 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 卮丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 蹖讴 倬蹖卮 賮乇囟鈥屫官呝勠� 賵 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓賴 毓賲賱蹖 丿丕乇丿
倬蹖卮 賮乇囟: 睾丕蹖鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲. 丌乇丕賲卮 丕夭 賴乇 丕乇夭卮 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 丕爻鬲
丕氐賵賱 賲賵囟賵毓賴: 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 亘丕蹖丿... 乇
1- 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲蹖 亘丿鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳趩賴 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 乇禺 丿丕丿賴 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲. (賮丕乇睾 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 賵囟毓蹖鬲 讴賳賵賳蹖 禺賵丿 乇丕 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇蹖賲 蹖丕 賳賴) 乇
2- 鬲賲乇讴夭 禺賵丿 乇丕 鬲賳賴丕 亘乇 丨賵丕丿孬蹖 賯乇丕乇 丿賴蹖賲 讴賴 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿
3- 丕乇夭卮 賴丕 乇丕 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴賳蹖賲
4- 丕夭 爻禺鬲蹖 讴卮蹖丿賳 丕爻鬲賯亘丕賱 讴賳蹖賲
鬲乇讴蹖亘 丕蹖賳 趩賴丕乇 丕氐賱 讴賴 賴賲诏蹖 丨賵賱 賴丿賮 丕爻丕爻蹖 丕蹖賳 賲讴鬲亘 乇卮丿 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 丕夭 賳馗乇 賲賳貙 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 鬲賵丕賳鈥屬呝嗀� 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 賴丿賮 (=丌乇丕賲卮) 乇丕 賮乇丕賴賲 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀€�. 禺賱丕氐賴 讴乇丿賳 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 禺賵卮鈥屫池ж� 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 趩賳丿 賳讴鬲賴 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 馗賱賲 亘夭乇诏蹖 亘賴 讴鬲丕亘 丕爻鬲. 賲孬賱丕 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 丿乇賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖丿 讴賴 芦蹖讴蹖 丕夭 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇丕賴 賴丕蹖 賲賴丕乇 賳賮爻 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 亘賴丕 亘丿賴蹖賲 賵 丕夭 丌賳 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲锟斤拷. 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 毓讴爻 鬲氐賵乇 賲丕 丕夭 賱匕鬲 诏乇蹖夭蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 亘賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 丕蹖 賲蹖 乇爻丿 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丌賳 賴爻鬲賳丿: 毓丿賲 亘爻胤 丕賲蹖丕賱 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇丕賴 噩賱賵诏蹖乇蹖 丕夭 乇賳噩 丨丕氐賱 丕夭 賳乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳賴丕爻鬲. 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 讴賴 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 丕夭 丕氐賱 1 賵 2 丕夭 丕氐賵賱 趩賴丕乇诏丕賳賴 賲匕讴賵乇 丕爻鬲 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲貙 賴賲爻乇貙 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賵 丨鬲蹖 丿丕賳卮蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖丿 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖丿 賵 禺賵丿 乇丕 賲毓胤賵賮 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 賳丿丕乇蹖丿 蹖丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賳讴賳蹖丿. 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 丕爻鬲責 賯亘賵賱 丿丕乇賲貙 賵賱蹖 賴夭丕乇 賳讴鬲賴 亘丕乇蹖讴鈥屫� 夭 賲賵 丕蹖賳噩丕爻鬲: 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賮蹖賱賲 蹖丕 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 毓賲乇鬲丕賳 丕夭 丌賳 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賴鈥屫й屫� 蹖丕 卮賲丕 乇丕 鬲丨鬲 鬲丕孬蹖乇 賯乇丕乇 丿丕丿賴 丕爻鬲 乇丕 丿乇 賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖丿. 丨丕賱丕 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖丿 丿乇 蹖讴蹖 丿賵 噩賲賱賴 丌賳 乇丕 禺賱丕氐賴 讴賳蹖丿. 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 丿蹖丿 讴賴 趩賯丿乇 丌亘讴蹖 賵 亘蹖鈥屬呚操� 卮丿賴鈥屫ж池�! 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 乇丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 丿乇 噩夭卅蹖丕鬲貙 亘丕賮鬲丕乇 賵 丨鬲蹖 倬賵卅鬲蹖讴 丌賳賴丕爻鬲. 賴賲蹖賳 讴賱蹖卮賴 丿乇 賲鬲賳 丌孬丕乇 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 噩匕丕亘 賵 诏蹖乇丕爻鬲. 賲賳馗賵乇賲 丕夭 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 賱夭賵賲丕賸 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵賲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 賴賲蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕夭 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 賵 丿蹖诏乇 賮賱丕爻賮賴 賲毓丕氐乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳蹖夭 賲丿 賳馗乇賲 賴爻鬲. 丕诏乇 芦鬲丕孬蹖乇禄 蹖讴 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賯乇丕乇 亘丕卮丿 亘賴 卮賲丕 賲賳鬲賯賱 卮賵丿 丕夭 胤乇蹖賯 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 賲鬲賵賳 芦鬲賮氐蹖賱 蹖丕賮鬲賴禄 賲賳鬲賯賱 賲蹖鈥屫促堌�. 賮爻鬲 賮賵丿 丌賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 蹖丕 丌賳 賲賳亘乇 趩蹖夭 丿乇禺賵乇蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 賲丕 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏�. 賴賲丕賳鈥屫焚堌� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻丕賱賴丕 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴乇丿賴鈥屫й屬� 賵 丿蹖丿賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 賮爻鬲 賮賵丿 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 蹖丕 丌賳 賲賳亘乇 趩蹖夭 噩匕丕亘蹖 亘賴 賲丕 賳丿丕丿賴鈥屫ж池�
賳賯丿 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳
亘賴 毓賲丿 丕夭 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 蹖丕丿 讴乇丿賲 鬲丕 丌賳 乇丕 賲乇讴夭 孬賯賱 賳賯丿賴丕蹖蹖 亘乇 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕蹖蹖 (丕賱亘鬲賴 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 亘毓囟丕賸 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 丕乇賵蹖賳) 賯乇丕乇 丿賴賲. 倬蹖卮 丕夭 賴乇 趩蹖夭 亘丕蹖丿 亘诏賵蹖賲 亘賴 丕胤賱丕毓 讴賲蹖 讴賴 賲賳 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 氐賵乇鬲鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 卮丿賴 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿丕卮鬲賲 (丿乇 丨丿 丌卮賳丕蹖蹖 亘丕 亘乇禺蹖 丌孬丕乇 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 爻蹖丿 卮亘乇貙 賳乇丕賯蹖 賵 賲胤賴乇蹖) 賵 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 鬲乇亘蹖鬲 丿蹖賳蹖鈥屫й� 讴賴 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屫з呚� 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 卮亘蹖賴 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 蹖丕賮鬲賲貨 趩賴 丿乇 讴賱蹖丕鬲 賲毓乇賮鬲蹖 賵 趩賴 丿乇 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 毓賲賱蹖. 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 丕丨讴丕賲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 卮乇毓蹖 丕爻賱丕賲 (賲孬賱 丕賲爻丕讴貙 乇賵夭賴貙 賲丨丕爻亘賴 賵 賲乇丕賯亘賴貙 丌丿丕亘 丿賵爻鬲蹖 賵 賲毓丕卮乇鬲貙 蹖丕丿 賲乇诏貙 鬲兀賲賱 丿乇亘丕乇賴 倬蹖乇蹖 賵...) 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賮賱爻賮蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 (氐乇賮鈥屬嗀肛� 丕夭 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 鬲賵丨蹖丿蹖 丌賳) 鬲賮爻蹖乇 讴乇丿. 丕蹖賳 卮亘丕賴鬲 賴丕 丌賳鈥屬傌� 夭蹖丕丿 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲賳 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 丕卮丕乇賴 賳禺賵丕賴賲 讴乇丿. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丨丕賱貙 丿乇 亘乇禺蹖 賲賵丕乇丿 亘蹖賳 丌賳趩賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴丿 亘丕 丿乇讴 賲丕 丕夭 丕禺賱丕賯 爻賳鬲蹖 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 鬲賮丕賵鬲鈥屬囏й� 乇蹖夭 賵 丿乇卮鬲蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 丕夭 丌賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丕夭 賳馗乇 賳丕倬禺鬲賴 賲賳 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 賵丕賲丿丕乇 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕乇爻胤賵蹖蹖 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 (丕诏乇 丌孬丕乇 禺賵丕噩賴鈥屬嗀帝屫必� 丕亘賳鈥屬呚弛┵堐屬� 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 睾夭丕賱蹖 乇丕 爻乇丿賲丿丕乇 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘丿丕賳蹖賲)貙 丕乇鬲賯丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘賳馗乇賲 亘爻蹖丕乇 噩丕賱亘 賵 鬲兀賲賱鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫� 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕丿丕賲賴 丕噩賲丕賱丕 亘賴 趩賳丿 賲賵乇丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳 鬲賮丕賵鬲賴丕 丕卮丕乇賴 賲蹖讴賳賲: 乇
蹖讴) 丕乇賵蹖賳 賲毓鬲賯丿 丕爻鬲 讴賴 讴賱丕 丿乇 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 芦賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 丌丿賲 乇丕 睾賲诏蹖賳 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 亘賱讴賴 趩賵賳 丕噩丕夭賴 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 亘賴 趩蹖夭賴丕 毓丕丿鬲 讴賳蹖賲貙 丕賲讴丕賳 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 噩賴丕賳 丕胤乇丕賮 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賴賲 賲蹖讴賳丿禄. 丕蹖賳 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇貙 賴賲丕賳胤賵乇 讴賴 丿乇 丕氐賵賱 趩賴丕乇诏丕賳賴 賴賲 匕讴乇 卮丿貙 賳賵毓蹖 丕氐賱 讴賱蹖 丕爻鬲. 賲孬丕賱 賲賵賱賮 賲孬丕賱 賲毓乇賵賮蹖 丕爻鬲: 丕诏乇 亘賴 賲乇诏 賴賲爻乇 蹖丕 賮乇夭賳丿鬲 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖 丕夭 賱丨馗丕鬲蹖 讴賴 讴賳丕乇 丌賳賴丕蹖蹖 賱匕鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖 亘乇丿. 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘賴 丕蹖賳 讴賱蹖鬲 丿乇 丕爻賱丕賲 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賴 賳蹖爻鬲. 賲蹖丿丕賳蹖賲 讴賴 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 亘乇禺蹖 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 噩夭賵 芦爻賵亍 馗賳禄 賲丨爻賵亘 卮丿賴 賵 亘毓囟蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 馗賳 賴丕 诏賳丕賴 賲丨爻賵亘 賲蹖卮賵丿 (爻賵乇賴 丨噩乇丕鬲貙 丌蹖賴 12). 丨丕賱 亘蹖丕蹖蹖丿 賲孬丕賱 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘噩夭 賲乇诏 賴賲爻乇 乇丕 丿乇賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖賲: 禺蹖丕賳鬲 賴賲爻乇. 丌蹖丕 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賴賲 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 亘蹖丕賮夭丕蹖丿責 卮賴賵丿 賲丕 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴丿 賳賲蹖鬲賵丕賳 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 亘丿 乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴 丕氐賱 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 丕诏乇 賴賲趩賵賳 賲乇诏 蹖丕 亘蹖賲丕乇蹖 賳賵毓蹖 賮賯丿丕賳 睾蹖乇乇賵蹖鈥屫①堌必� 亘丕卮丿 (蹖毓賳蹖 賮賯丿丕賳蹖 讴賴 丨丕氐賱 賮丕毓賱蹖鬲 丌诏丕賴丕賳賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲) 倬爻賳丿蹖丿賴 丕爻鬲 丕賲丕 丕诏乇 亘賴 爻賵亍乇賮鬲丕乇 蹖丕 爻賵亍賳蹖鬲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲貙 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 丕孬乇丕鬲 賲禺乇亘蹖 亘乇 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿. 丿乇 亘丕乇賴 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 鬲丕賲賱 讴乇丿貙 丕賲丕 賮毓賱丕 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 亘爻賳丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 毓丕丿鬲 讴乇丿賳 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 鬲丕夭诏蹖 賱匕鬲 乇丕貙 亘賱讴賴 鬲丕夭诏蹖 乇賳噩 乇丕 賳蹖夭 讴賲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 倬爻 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘賴 賯氐丿 毓丕丿鬲鈥屫藏й屰� 丕夭 賵囟毓蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 丿乇丌賳蹖賲 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 賱匕鬲 乇丕 鬲丕夭賴 讴賳丿貙 亘賱讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 乇賳噩 乇丕 賳蹖夭 鬲丕夭賴 讴賳丿: 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 乇賳噩蹖 丨丕氐賱 丕夭 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 乇禺 丿丕丿賴貙 亘賱讴賴 乇賳噩 亘丕夭蹖丕亘蹖 鬲賵賴賲丕鬲 賵 鬲禺蹖賱丕鬲 乇賵丕賳蹖 爻乇讴賵亘 卮丿賴貙 賲孬賱 賴賲蹖賳 禺蹖丕賳鬲 賴賲爻乇 蹖丕 丿賵爻鬲. 賵 丕蹖賳 丌賳 乇賵蹖 爻讴賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丌賳 乇丕 鬲丕 丨丿賵丿蹖 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賴鈥屫ж池�
丿賵) 丿乇 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖貙 亘賴 禺氐賵氐 亘丕 卮乇丨 丌乇丕蹖 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻貙 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賴蹖趩 丕乇夭卮蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 亘賴 丨丿蹖 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 鬲爻賱蹖 亘禺卮蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿 丿乇 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賲乇诏 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 芦亘丕 乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丿賳蹖丕 丕夭 卮乇 賴賲賴 丕蹖賳 丌丿賲鈥屬囏й� 賲夭丕丨賲 禺賱丕氐 賲蹖鈥屫促堐屬吢�. 丿乇 讴賱 丿乇 鬲賯乇蹖乇 丕乇賵蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賲賵蹖 丿賲丕睾 丕爻鬲: 賴賲蹖卮賴 丿乇 丨丕賱 丨爻丕丿鬲 蹖丕 鬲賲爻禺乇 賵 鬲賵賴蹖賳. 賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 亘丕 丕蹖賳 賴賲賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵堌篡屫� 鬲丕 亘賴 賴賲鈥屬嗁堌关з� 禺賵丿 禺丿賲鬲 讴乇丿賴 賵 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 毓卮賯 亘賵乇夭丿貙 賵賱蹖 賳賴丕蹖鬲丕賸 丕蹖賳 毓卮賯 亘賴 噩丕蹖诏丕賴 賵丕賱丕蹖 禺賵丿卮 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘丿賵賳 賴蹖趩 趩卮賲鈥屫ж簇� 鬲賳賴丕 亘賴 賵馗蹖賮賴 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 禺賵丿 毓賲賱 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 讴賴 芦趩蹖夭蹖 亘賴 賲乇丕鬲亘 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿鬲乇 賵 亘賴鬲乇 丕夭 賯丿乇丿丕賳蹖 賵 鬲丨爻蹖賳 蹖丕 賴賲丿賱蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲禄. 丕蹖賳 賳蹖夭 鬲丕 丨丿 夭蹖丕丿蹖 亘丕 丌賲賵夭賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿乇鬲囟丕丿 丕爻鬲 賵 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賵乇丿 賳蹖夭 賲賳 亘賴 賲毓丕丿賱 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丌賳 乇丕睾亘 鬲乇賲. 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 禺丿賲鬲 亘賴 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 亘賴 賵丕爻胤賴 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿丕乇丿貙 亘賱讴賴 賮乇丿 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫� 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 賳蹖夭 亘丿丕賳丿 (丕賱亘鬲賴 賲鬲丕爻賮丕賳賴 丿乇 亘乇禺蹖 賳爻禺賴 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丕蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 氐乇賮丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賲賵賲賳鈥屫з嗀�). 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕蹖丕夭 賲孬賳賵蹖 賵 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲賵爻蹖 賵 爻诏 賲乇蹖囟 (讴賴 丿乇丌賳 賲賵爻蹖 丨鬲蹖 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫� 丕夭 蹖讴 爻诏 賳夭丿 禺丿丕 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀�) 賵 賳蹖夭 丕丨丕丿蹖孬 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賲丕賲丕賳 卮蹖毓賴 讴賴 賲丐賲賳 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫臂屬� 亘賳丿賴 禺丿丕 亘丿丕賳丿 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 賯賲丕卮鈥屫з嗀�. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丨讴丕蹖丕鬲貙 賮乇賵鬲賳蹖 賵 倬丕蹖蹖賳 丿蹖丿賳 禺賵丿 亘賴 賴蹖趩 賵噩賴 噩賳亘賴 乇賵丕賳蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 賵 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘貙 禺丿賲鬲 毓賲賱蹖 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 噩賳亘賴 禺丿賲鬲 亘賴 禺丕賱賯 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 丌賳趩賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賯囟丕賵鬲 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿丕乇丿 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賳爻禺賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 倬爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賵 賳爻禺賴 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 亘丕賱丕 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ必�. (丕賱亘鬲賴 亘丕夭 賲賳氐賮丕賳賴 亘诏賵蹖賲 讴賴 亘乇禺蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丕蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 亘賴 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賲爻賱賲丕賳 鬲賯賱蹖賱 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�.) 丕蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 乇丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 爻賵賲 乇賵卮賳鈥屫� 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 丿蹖丿
爻賴) 丕乇賵蹖賳 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 丿乇 賲賵丕賯毓 賲禺鬲賱賮蹖 賲丨讴 賲蹖鈥屫操嗀�. 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 賴賳诏丕賲 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕賲乇蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 毓賲蹖賯 賵 賮賱爻賮蹖 丕爻鬲. 賵賱蹖 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲賵賱賮 丕夭 爻賳讴丕 賵 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 亘蹖乇賵賳 賲蹖鈥屭┴簇� 亘爻蹖丕乇 毓噩蹖亘 丕爻鬲. 丕夭 賳馗乇 丌賳賴丕 乇丕賴 賲賯丕亘賱賴 亘丕 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賳賵毓蹖 鬲賵賴蹖賳 賲鬲賯丕亘賱 丕賲丕 丿乇 匕賴賳 丕爻鬲! 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 趩賳蹖賳 丨乇賮蹖 賳賲蹖鈥屫操嗀� 賵 丕鬲賮丕賯丕 诏丕賴 禺賱丕賮 丕蹖賳 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屭堐屫� 賵賱蹖 賳鬲蹖噩賴 乇賵蹖讴乇丿 丕賵 毓賲賱丕 賴賲蹖賳 丕爻鬲: 芦賵賯鬲蹖 亘賴 丕賮乇丕丿 鬲賵賴蹖賳 讴賳賳丿賴 賳诏丕賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 賲蹖鈥屫ㄛ屬嗃屬� 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賮 亘乇丕蹖 丌賳賴丕 亘趩賴鈥屬囏й屰� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賴蹖讴賱 诏賳丿賴 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� ... 賴乇趩賴 丿乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 亘丕鬲噩乇亘賴鈥屫� 卮賵蹖賲 亘賴 賳馗乇 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿乇亘丕乇賴 禺賵丿賲丕賳 亘蹖鈥屫ж关嗀ж� 賲蹖鈥屫促堐屬� ... 鬲賵賴蹖賳鈥屬囏й� 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿乇 賳馗乇 蹖讴 乇賵丕賯蹖 賲孬賱 倬丕乇爻 讴乇丿賳 爻诏 丕爻鬲(!) 賵賯鬲蹖 爻诏蹖 倬丕乇爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 丕蹖賳 鬲氐賵乇 丿乇賲丕 亘賴 賵噩賵丿 賲蹖 丌蹖丿 讴賴 丕賳诏丕乇 丕夭 賲丕 禺賵卮卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫③屫� 丕賲丕 禺蹖賱蹖 丕丨賲賯蹖賲 丕诏乇 丕夭 丕蹖賳 賲爻卅賱賴 亘乇賳噩蹖賲 賵 鬲賲丕賲 乇賵夭 丿乇诏蹖乇 丕蹖賳 亘丕卮蹖賲 讴賴 趩乇丕 丕蹖賳 爻诏 丕夭 賲丕 禺賵卮卮 賳賲蹖鈥屫③屫�. 丕蹖賳 乇賵蹖讴乇丿 丿乇 讴賱 賮氐賱 11 (賮氐賱蹖 丿乇亘丕乇賴 鬲賵賴蹖賳) 亘賴 卮丿鬲 鬲乇賵蹖噩 賲蹖鈥屫促堌�. 丨丕賱 賮乇囟 讴賳蹖丿 卮賲丕 蹖讴 丨丕讴賲 蹖丕 賲丕賲賵乇 乇丿賴 亘丕賱丕 賴爻鬲蹖丿 (讴賲丕 丕蹖賳讴賴 賮乇丿蹖 賲孬賱 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 賵 丨鬲蹖 爻賳讴丕 趩賳蹖賳 亘賵丿賳丿) 賵 禺賵丕爻鬲賴 蹖丕 賳丕禺賵丕爻鬲賴 馗賱賲蹖 亘賴 賲乇丿賲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屫� 賵 讴丕乇 亘乇 丌賳賴丕 趩賳丕賳 鬲賳诏 賲蹖鈥屫促堌� 讴賴 亘賴 卮賲丕 丿卮賳丕賲 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�. 賵丕讴賳卮 卮賲丕 趩蹖爻鬲責 丕诏乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘丕卮蹖丿 亘丕蹖丿 亘诏賵蹖蹖丿 芦亘丕夭 賴賲 蹖讴 爻诏 丿蹖诏乇 倬丕乇爻 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�! 丕蹖賳 乇賵蹖讴乇丿 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 賴賲丕賳 倬爻鬲 卮賲乇丿賳 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丿乇 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘蹖卮 丕夭 賴乇噩丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 丕蹖賳噩丕 禺賵丿 乇丕 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏�. 賴乇趩賳丿 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿卮賳丕賲 (賵 鬲丕 丨丿蹖 賱毓賳) 乇丕 賲賳毓 讴乇丿賴貙 丕賲丕 亘賴 賴蹖趩 賵噩賴 亘賴 丕賮乇丕丿 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 丕夭 讴賳丕乇 丌賳 賲丕賳賳丿 倬丕乇爻 爻诏 毓亘賵乇 讴賳蹖丿. 丨讴丕蹖丕鬲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 卮乇賯蹖 (丕夭 噩賲賱賴 丕爻賱丕賲蹖) 倬乇 丕爻鬲 丕夭 亘夭乇诏丕賳蹖 讴賴 亘丕 丿蹖丿賳 丿卮賳丕賲 賵 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 賲丕賳賳丿 蹖讴 胤亘蹖亘 賲鬲賵噩賴 丿乇丿蹖 丿乇 乇賵丕賳 鬲賵賴蹖賳 讴賳賳丿賴 卮丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 賵 爻毓蹖 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 鬲丕 丌賳 丿乇丿 乇丕 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 賵 賲丨亘鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丿乇賲丕賳 讴賳賳丿. 诏丕賴 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 鬲賳賴丕 乇丕賴蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗁嗀� 亘丕 賲丕 乇賵亘乇賵 卮賵賳丿 (禺賵丕賴 亘禺丕胤乇 鬲乇亘蹖鬲 乇賵丕賳蹖 丌賳賴丕 賵 禺賵丕賴 亘禺丕胤乇 賲賳丕爻亘丕鬲 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 賯丿乇鬲). 賴乇趩賴 亘丕卮丿貙 诏丕賴 鬲賳賴丕 乇丕賴 卮賳蹖丿賳 賳賯丿 賴賲蹖賳 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丕爻鬲. 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 賲丕 乇丕 賯丕丿乇 讴賳丿 鬲毓賮賳 鬲賵賴蹖賳 乇丕 丕夭 诏賵賴乇 賳賯丿 丿乇賵賳 丌賳 噩丿丕 讴賳蹖賲 賵丕賯毓丕 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 讴蹖賲蹖丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 馗丕賴乇丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賯蹖 趩賳蹖賳 睾乇亘丕賱蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 賲丕 賳賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�
噩賲毓 亘賳丿蹖
賳賯丿賴丕蹖 亘丕賱丕 賵 亘爻蹖 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賲毓賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 賮丕賯丿 丕乇夭卮 讴賳賲. 讴鬲丕亘 芦乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕賲乇賵夭禄 亘爻蹖丕乇 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賵 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 丕爻鬲. 賲賳 丿爻鬲 乇賵蹖 賳賯丕胤 囟毓賮 丌賳 诏匕丕卮鬲賲貙 賵賱蹖 賴賲禺賵丕賳蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 賳賯丕胤 賯賵鬲 丌賳 丌賳鈥屬傌� 賴爻鬲 讴賴 讴賲鬲乇 讴爻蹖 丕夭 禺賵丕賳丿賳 丌賳 倬卮蹖賲丕賳 卮賵丿. 丕诏乇 賯氐丿 丿丕乇蹖丿 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 亘爻丕夭蹖丿 賵 丕夭 丌賳 丿爻鬲 丕賮乇丕丿蹖 賳蹖爻鬲蹖丿 讴賴 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 賲鬲賵賳 睾蹖乇丕爻賱丕賲蹖 诏丕乇丿 蹖丕 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж驰� 丨爻丕爻蹖鬲 丿丕乇賳丿 丨鬲賲丕 亘賴 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 賲乇丕噩毓賴 讴賳蹖丿 賵 丕诏乇 禺賵丕爻鬲蹖丿 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇丕 亘讴賳蹖丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賳丿賴蹖丿
丕夭 夭賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 賴诏賱 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 丕蹖丿卅賵賱賵跇蹖賴丕蹖 亘乇丿诏蹖 賲毓乇賮蹖 讴乇丿貙 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿趩丕乇 讴跇亘蹖賳蹖 卮丿. 丕诏乇 丕夭 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 賲丕 亘倬乇爻賳丿 讴賴 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 趩賴 賲蹖鈥屫з嗃屫� (丕诏乇 讴賱丕 丌賳 乇丕 丕夭 丕蹖賳 爻賲鬲 亘丕 丕倬蹖讴賵乇蹖爻賲 蹖丕 丕夭 丌賳 爻賲鬲 亘丕 讴賱亘蹖 賲爻賱讴蹖 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賳诏蹖乇蹖賲) 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 噩賵丕亘鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿丕丿: 丕夭 賱匕鬲鈥屬囏� 氐乇賮 賳馗乇 讴賳貙 丕夭 丿賳蹖丕 丿賱 亘讴賳貙 賴乇 丌賳趩賴 亘乇 爻乇鬲 賲蹖鈥屫③屫� 乇丕 亘倬匕蹖乇
丕蹖賳 丕賱亘鬲賴 丕鬲賮丕賯蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 氐乇賮丕賸 亘乇丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕賮鬲丕丿賴 亘丕卮丿貙 鬲賲丕賲 賳丨賱賴鈥屬囏й� 賮賱爻賮蹖 丿乇 胤賵賱 夭賲丕賳 亘賴 賲讴丕鬲亘蹖 倬蹖卮鈥屬矩р€屫з佖ж� 鬲亘丿蹖賱 卮丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 讴賴 诏賵蹖蹖 趩賳丿 丕丨賲賯 -賵 賳賴 賮蹖賱爻賵賮- 亘賴 丌賳 丕毓鬲賯丕丿 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屫з嗀�. 賵賱蹖 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 鬲賲丕賲 賳丨賱賴鈥屬囏й� 賮賱爻賮蹖 讴賴 乇丿蹖 丿乇 鬲丕乇蹖禺 诏匕丕卮鬲賴 丕賳丿貙 丨鬲賲丕 丨乇賮蹖 賯丕亘賱 賯亘賵賱 丿丕卮鬲賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 噩丕蹖卮丕賳 丿乇 爻乇爻乇丕蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 賲丨賮賵馗 丕爻鬲貙 賳賴 夭亘丕賱賴 丿丕賳 鬲丕乇蹖禺. 丕蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 丨鬲蹖 丿乇亘丕乇賴 爻賵賮蹖爻鬲賴丕蹖 睾蹖乇 賲鬲賲乇讴夭 賴賲 氐丕丿賯 丕爻鬲貙 趩賴 乇爻丿 亘賴 賲讴丕鬲亘蹖 賲孬賱 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 讴賴 乇賵夭诏丕乇蹖 賴夭丕乇丕賳 卮丕诏乇丿 乇丕 丕夭 丕賯氐蹖 賳賯丕胤 鬲賲丿賳賴丕蹖 亘夭乇诏 亘賴 禺賵丿 噩賱亘 賲蹖讴乇丿賳丿. 倬爻 丕诏乇 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丿丕賲賳賴 賲賯亘賵賱蹖鬲 乇丕 亘賴 趩賳丿 賳讴鬲賴 鬲賯賱蹖賱 丿丕丿蹖賲 讴賴 讴匕亘 蹖丕 賳丕讴丕乇丕蹖蹖 丌賳賴丕 芦亘丿蹖賴蹖禄 丕爻鬲貙 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕賸 賳丨賵賴 鬲賯賱蹖賱 賵 禺賱丕氐賴鈥屫池ж槽� 賲丕 賳丕丿乇爻鬲 亘賵丿賴鈥屫ж池� 賵 亘丕蹖丿 賳诏丕賴蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫� 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 亘蹖賳丿丕夭蹖賲
讴鬲丕亘 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 賴賲蹖賳 賲賯氐賵丿 賵 亘蹖卮 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲: 丕蹖賳讴賴 丕賵賱丕 亘丕 乇噩賵毓 亘賴 賲鬲賵賳 丿爻鬲 丕賵賱 亘賴 噩丕 賲丕賳丿賴 丕夭 亘夭乇诏鬲乇蹖賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳卮丕賳 丿賴丿 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫� 賵 讴丕乇丌賲丿鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲丕 诏賲丕賳 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬呚� 賵 孬丕賳蹖丕 亘丕 趩賳丿 丕氐賱丕丨蹖賴 賵 鬲噩丿蹖丿賳馗乇 噩夭卅蹖 丿乇 丌乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 賮賱丕爻賮賴 賳卮丕賳 丿賴丿 讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 賳賵毓蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賲禺丕胤亘丕賳 賲毓丕氐乇 丕蹖噩丕丿 讴乇丿 讴賴 丿爻鬲鈥屭┵� 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 芦賮賱爻賮賴 毓賲賱蹖禄 蹖丕 芦賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖禄 賯丕亘賱 倬蹖诏蹖乇蹖 亘丕卮丿. 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 丿賱蹖賱貙 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇 賮賱爻賮賴 毓賲賱蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 丿賯蹖賯鈥屫必� 亘乇 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 賲鬲賲乇讴夭 丕爻鬲 賵 卮賲丕 賳蹖夭 亘丕蹖丿 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 亘賴 爻乇丕睾 丌賳 亘乇賵蹖丿
讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 趩賴丕乇 亘禺卮 賵 22 賮氐賱 鬲賳馗蹖賲 卮丿賴鈥屫ж池�. 丕夭 賳爻亘鬲 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖 賵 蹖賵賳丕賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 丌睾丕夭 讴乇丿賴 賵 爻蹖乇蹖 丿乇 倬蹖丿丕蹖卮 賵 诏爻鬲乇卮 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 倬蹖 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 爻倬爻 丿乇 亘禺卮 丿賵賲 亘賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賲蹖鈥屬矩必ж藏� 讴賴 亘賴 丿乇爻鬲蹖 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 芦乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж屄� 禺賵丕賳丿賴鈥屫ж池�. 亘禺卮 爻賵賲 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賲賵賯毓蹖鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 丿乇 丌賳賴丕 讴丕乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�: 丕賳噩丕賲 賵馗蹖賮賴貙 乇賵丕亘胤 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖貙 鬲賵賴蹖賳 丿蹖丿賳貙 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 丕賳丿賵賴 賵 賲丕鬲賲貙 禺卮賳 賳丕诏賴丕賳蹖貙 讴賳鬲乇賱 賲蹖賱 亘賴 卮賴乇鬲 賵 孬乇賵鬲貙 鬲亘毓蹖丿 賵 丕爻丕乇鬲貙 倬蹖乇蹖 賵 賲乇诏. 爻乇丕賳噩丕賲貙 亘禺卮 趩賴丕乇賲 讴鬲丕亘 賳蹖夭 丿乇亘丕乇賴 丕賲讴丕賳 亘丕夭賳诏乇蹖 賵 丕丨蹖丕蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 賲毓丕氐乇 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘丕 鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 卮乇賵丨 亘賴鈥屫辟堌藏簇団€屫й� 讴賴 賲賵賱賮 丿乇 丿賵 亘禺卮 诏匕卮鬲賴 亘乇丕蹖 鬲賵噩蹖賴 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘爻鬲賴鈥屫ж池� 趩賳丿丕賳 丨乇賮 噩丿蹖丿蹖 賳丿丕乇丿
乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳
丕诏乇 亘丕 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 賲匕讴賵乇 亘賴 爻乇丕睾 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘蹖丕蹖蹖丿貙 賲鬲賵噩賴 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 卮丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 蹖讴 倬蹖卮 賮乇囟鈥屫官呝勠� 賵 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓賴 毓賲賱蹖 丿丕乇丿
倬蹖卮 賮乇囟: 睾丕蹖鬲 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲. 丌乇丕賲卮 丕夭 賴乇 丕乇夭卮 丿蹖诏乇蹖 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 丕爻鬲
丕氐賵賱 賲賵囟賵毓賴: 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 亘丕蹖丿... 乇
1- 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲蹖 亘丿鬲乇 丕夭 丌賳趩賴 亘乇丕蹖 賲丕 乇禺 丿丕丿賴 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲. (賮丕乇睾 丕夭 丕蹖賳讴賴 賵囟毓蹖鬲 讴賳賵賳蹖 禺賵丿 乇丕 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕乇蹖賲 蹖丕 賳賴) 乇
2- 鬲賲乇讴夭 禺賵丿 乇丕 鬲賳賴丕 亘乇 丨賵丕丿孬蹖 賯乇丕乇 丿賴蹖賲 讴賴 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賴爻鬲賳丿
3- 丕乇夭卮 賴丕 乇丕 丿乇賵賳蹖 讴賳蹖賲
4- 丕夭 爻禺鬲蹖 讴卮蹖丿賳 丕爻鬲賯亘丕賱 讴賳蹖賲
鬲乇讴蹖亘 丕蹖賳 趩賴丕乇 丕氐賱 讴賴 賴賲诏蹖 丨賵賱 賴丿賮 丕爻丕爻蹖 丕蹖賳 賲讴鬲亘 乇卮丿 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀� 丕夭 賳馗乇 賲賳貙 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 鬲賵丕賳鈥屬呝嗀� 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳 賴丿賮 (=丌乇丕賲卮) 乇丕 賮乇丕賴賲 讴乇丿賴鈥屫з嗀€�. 禺賱丕氐賴 讴乇丿賳 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 禺賵卮鈥屫池ж� 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 趩賳丿 賳讴鬲賴 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 馗賱賲 亘夭乇诏蹖 亘賴 讴鬲丕亘 丕爻鬲. 賲孬賱丕 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 丿乇賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖丿 讴賴 芦蹖讴蹖 丕夭 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇丕賴 賴丕蹖 賲賴丕乇 賳賮爻 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 亘賴丕 亘丿賴蹖賲 賵 丕夭 丌賳 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲锟斤拷. 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 毓讴爻 鬲氐賵乇 賲丕 丕夭 賱匕鬲 诏乇蹖夭蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲貙 賵賱蹖 丿賯蹖賯丕賸 亘賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 丕蹖 賲蹖 乇爻丿 讴賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丌賳 賴爻鬲賳丿: 毓丿賲 亘爻胤 丕賲蹖丕賱 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇丕賴 噩賱賵诏蹖乇蹖 丕夭 乇賳噩 丨丕氐賱 丕夭 賳乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌賳賴丕爻鬲. 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 讴賴 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 丕夭 丕氐賱 1 賵 2 丕夭 丕氐賵賱 趩賴丕乇诏丕賳賴 賲匕讴賵乇 丕爻鬲 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 趩诏賵賳賴 丕夭 孬乇賵鬲貙 賴賲爻乇貙 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賵 丨鬲蹖 丿丕賳卮蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖丿 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖丿 賵 禺賵丿 乇丕 賲毓胤賵賮 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 賳丿丕乇蹖丿 蹖丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丿丕乇賳丿 賳讴賳蹖丿. 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賱蹖卮賴鈥屫й� 丕爻鬲責 賯亘賵賱 丿丕乇賲貙 賵賱蹖 賴夭丕乇 賳讴鬲賴 亘丕乇蹖讴鈥屫� 夭 賲賵 丕蹖賳噩丕爻鬲: 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 賮蹖賱賲 蹖丕 亘賴鬲乇蹖賳 乇賲丕賳蹖 讴賴 丿乇 毓賲乇鬲丕賳 丕夭 丌賳 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賴鈥屫й屫� 蹖丕 卮賲丕 乇丕 鬲丨鬲 鬲丕孬蹖乇 賯乇丕乇 丿丕丿賴 丕爻鬲 乇丕 丿乇 賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖丿. 丨丕賱丕 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖丿 丿乇 蹖讴蹖 丿賵 噩賲賱賴 丌賳 乇丕 禺賱丕氐賴 讴賳蹖丿. 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 丿蹖丿 讴賴 趩賯丿乇 丌亘讴蹖 賵 亘蹖鈥屬呚操� 卮丿賴鈥屫ж池�! 夭蹖亘丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏й屰� 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丕 乇丕 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀� 丿乇 噩夭卅蹖丕鬲貙 亘丕賮鬲丕乇 賵 丨鬲蹖 倬賵卅鬲蹖讴 丌賳賴丕爻鬲. 賴賲蹖賳 讴賱蹖卮賴 丿乇 賲鬲賳 丌孬丕乇 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘爻蹖丕乇 噩匕丕亘 賵 诏蹖乇丕爻鬲. 賲賳馗賵乇賲 丕夭 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 賱夭賵賲丕賸 賮賱丕爻賮賴 乇賵賲蹖 賳蹖爻鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 賴賲蹖賳 丕孬乇 丕夭 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 賵 丿蹖诏乇 賮賱丕爻賮賴 賲毓丕氐乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 賳蹖夭 賲丿 賳馗乇賲 賴爻鬲. 丕诏乇 芦鬲丕孬蹖乇禄 蹖讴 賮賱爻賮賴 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賯乇丕乇 亘丕卮丿 亘賴 卮賲丕 賲賳鬲賯賱 卮賵丿 丕夭 胤乇蹖賯 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賴賲蹖賳 賲鬲賵賳 芦鬲賮氐蹖賱 蹖丕賮鬲賴禄 賲賳鬲賯賱 賲蹖鈥屫促堌�. 賮爻鬲 賮賵丿 丌賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 蹖丕 丌賳 賲賳亘乇 趩蹖夭 丿乇禺賵乇蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 賲丕 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏�. 賴賲丕賳鈥屫焚堌� 讴賴 丕蹖賳 爻丕賱賴丕 鬲噩乇亘賴 讴乇丿賴鈥屫й屬� 賵 丿蹖丿賴鈥屫й屬� 讴賴 賮爻鬲 賮賵丿 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 蹖丕 丌賳 賲賳亘乇 趩蹖夭 噩匕丕亘蹖 亘賴 賲丕 賳丿丕丿賴鈥屫ж池�
賳賯丿 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳
亘賴 毓賲丿 丕夭 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 蹖丕丿 讴乇丿賲 鬲丕 丌賳 乇丕 賲乇讴夭 孬賯賱 賳賯丿賴丕蹖蹖 亘乇 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕蹖蹖 (丕賱亘鬲賴 亘賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 亘毓囟丕賸 毓噩蹖亘 賵 睾乇蹖亘 丕乇賵蹖賳) 賯乇丕乇 丿賴賲. 倬蹖卮 丕夭 賴乇 趩蹖夭 亘丕蹖丿 亘诏賵蹖賲 亘賴 丕胤賱丕毓 讴賲蹖 讴賴 賲賳 丕夭 丌孬丕乇 氐賵乇鬲鈥屫ㄙ嗀� 卮丿賴 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿丕卮鬲賲 (丿乇 丨丿 丌卮賳丕蹖蹖 亘丕 亘乇禺蹖 丌孬丕乇 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 爻蹖丿 卮亘乇貙 賳乇丕賯蹖 賵 賲胤賴乇蹖) 賵 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 鬲乇亘蹖鬲 丿蹖賳蹖鈥屫й� 讴賴 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屫з呚� 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 乇丕 亘爻蹖丕乇 卮亘蹖賴 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 蹖丕賮鬲賲貨 趩賴 丿乇 讴賱蹖丕鬲 賲毓乇賮鬲蹖 賵 趩賴 丿乇 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 毓賲賱蹖. 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 丕丨讴丕賲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賵 丨鬲蹖 卮乇毓蹖 丕爻賱丕賲 (賲孬賱 丕賲爻丕讴貙 乇賵夭賴貙 賲丨丕爻亘賴 賵 賲乇丕賯亘賴貙 丌丿丕亘 丿賵爻鬲蹖 賵 賲毓丕卮乇鬲貙 蹖丕丿 賲乇诏貙 鬲兀賲賱 丿乇亘丕乇賴 倬蹖乇蹖 賵...) 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 亘乇 丕爻丕爻 丿蹖丿诏丕賴 賮賱爻賮蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 (氐乇賮鈥屬嗀肛� 丕夭 賲丨鬲賵丕蹖 鬲賵丨蹖丿蹖 丌賳) 鬲賮爻蹖乇 讴乇丿. 丕蹖賳 卮亘丕賴鬲 賴丕 丌賳鈥屬傌� 夭蹖丕丿 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賲賳 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 丕卮丕乇賴 賳禺賵丕賴賲 讴乇丿. 亘丕 丕蹖賳 丨丕賱貙 丿乇 亘乇禺蹖 賲賵丕乇丿 亘蹖賳 丌賳趩賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕乇丕卅賴 賲蹖丿賴丿 亘丕 丿乇讴 賲丕 丕夭 丕禺賱丕賯 爻賳鬲蹖 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 鬲賮丕賵鬲鈥屬囏й� 乇蹖夭 賵 丿乇卮鬲蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇丿. 丕夭 丌賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丕夭 賳馗乇 賳丕倬禺鬲賴 賲賳 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘賴 卮丿鬲 賵丕賲丿丕乇 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕乇爻胤賵蹖蹖 賵 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 (丕诏乇 丌孬丕乇 禺賵丕噩賴鈥屬嗀帝屫必� 丕亘賳鈥屬呚弛┵堐屬� 蹖丕 丨鬲蹖 睾夭丕賱蹖 乇丕 爻乇丿賲丿丕乇 賳馗乇蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘丿丕賳蹖賲)貙 丕乇鬲賯丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 亘賳馗乇賲 亘爻蹖丕乇 噩丕賱亘 賵 鬲兀賲賱鈥屫ㄘ必з嗂屫� 丕爻鬲. 丿乇 丕丿丕賲賴 丕噩賲丕賱丕 亘賴 趩賳丿 賲賵乇丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳 鬲賮丕賵鬲賴丕 丕卮丕乇賴 賲蹖讴賳賲: 乇
蹖讴) 丕乇賵蹖賳 賲毓鬲賯丿 丕爻鬲 讴賴 讴賱丕 丿乇 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 芦賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 丌丿賲 乇丕 睾賲诏蹖賳 賳賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 亘賱讴賴 趩賵賳 丕噩丕夭賴 賳賲蹖鈥屫囏� 亘賴 趩蹖夭賴丕 毓丕丿鬲 讴賳蹖賲貙 丕賲讴丕賳 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賳 丕夭 噩賴丕賳 丕胤乇丕賮 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賴賲 賲蹖讴賳丿禄. 丕蹖賳 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇貙 賴賲丕賳胤賵乇 讴賴 丿乇 丕氐賵賱 趩賴丕乇诏丕賳賴 賴賲 匕讴乇 卮丿貙 賳賵毓蹖 丕氐賱 讴賱蹖 丕爻鬲. 賲孬丕賱 賲賵賱賮 賲孬丕賱 賲毓乇賵賮蹖 丕爻鬲: 丕诏乇 亘賴 賲乇诏 賴賲爻乇 蹖丕 賮乇夭賳丿鬲 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖 丕夭 賱丨馗丕鬲蹖 讴賴 讴賳丕乇 丌賳賴丕蹖蹖 賱匕鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖 亘乇丿. 丕賲丕 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘賴 丕蹖賳 讴賱蹖鬲 丿乇 丕爻賱丕賲 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲賴 賳蹖爻鬲. 賲蹖丿丕賳蹖賲 讴賴 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 亘乇禺蹖 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 噩夭賵 芦爻賵亍 馗賳禄 賲丨爻賵亘 卮丿賴 賵 亘毓囟蹖 丕夭 丕蹖賳 馗賳 賴丕 诏賳丕賴 賲丨爻賵亘 賲蹖卮賵丿 (爻賵乇賴 丨噩乇丕鬲貙 丌蹖賴 12). 丨丕賱 亘蹖丕蹖蹖丿 賲孬丕賱 丿蹖诏乇蹖 亘噩夭 賲乇诏 賴賲爻乇 乇丕 丿乇賳馗乇 亘诏蹖乇蹖賲: 禺蹖丕賳鬲 賴賲爻乇. 丌蹖丕 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯 賳丕诏賵丕乇 賴賲 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 亘蹖丕賮夭丕蹖丿責 卮賴賵丿 賲丕 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖丿賴丿 賳賲蹖鬲賵丕賳 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 亘丿 乇丕 亘賴 毓賳賵丕賳 蹖讴 丕氐賱 倬匕蹖乇賮鬲貙 亘賱讴賴 丕蹖賳 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 丕诏乇 賴賲趩賵賳 賲乇诏 蹖丕 亘蹖賲丕乇蹖 賳賵毓蹖 賮賯丿丕賳 睾蹖乇乇賵蹖鈥屫①堌必� 亘丕卮丿 (蹖毓賳蹖 賮賯丿丕賳蹖 讴賴 丨丕氐賱 賮丕毓賱蹖鬲 丌诏丕賴丕賳賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲) 倬爻賳丿蹖丿賴 丕爻鬲 丕賲丕 丕诏乇 亘賴 爻賵亍乇賮鬲丕乇 蹖丕 爻賵亍賳蹖鬲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲貙 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 丕孬乇丕鬲 賲禺乇亘蹖 亘乇 丌乇丕賲卮 賲丕 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮丿. 丿乇 亘丕乇賴 丕蹖賳 丕氐賱 亘爻蹖丕乇 賲蹖鈥屫堌з� 鬲丕賲賱 讴乇丿貙 丕賲丕 賮毓賱丕 亘賴 賴賲蹖賳 亘爻賳丿賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁� 讴賴 毓丕丿鬲 讴乇丿賳 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 鬲丕夭诏蹖 賱匕鬲 乇丕貙 亘賱讴賴 鬲丕夭诏蹖 乇賳噩 乇丕 賳蹖夭 讴賲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀�. 倬爻 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘賴 賯氐丿 毓丕丿鬲鈥屫藏й屰� 丕夭 賵囟毓蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 丿乇丌賳蹖賲 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 賱匕鬲 乇丕 鬲丕夭賴 讴賳丿貙 亘賱讴賴 賲蹖鈥屫堌з嗀� 乇賳噩 乇丕 賳蹖夭 鬲丕夭賴 讴賳丿: 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 乇賳噩蹖 丨丕氐賱 丕夭 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 乇禺 丿丕丿賴貙 亘賱讴賴 乇賳噩 亘丕夭蹖丕亘蹖 鬲賵賴賲丕鬲 賵 鬲禺蹖賱丕鬲 乇賵丕賳蹖 爻乇讴賵亘 卮丿賴貙 賲孬賱 賴賲蹖賳 禺蹖丕賳鬲 賴賲爻乇 蹖丕 丿賵爻鬲. 賵 丕蹖賳 丌賳 乇賵蹖 爻讴賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 丌賳 乇丕 鬲丕 丨丿賵丿蹖 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 诏乇賮鬲賴鈥屫ж池�
丿賵) 丿乇 乇賵丕蹖鬲 丕乇賵蹖賳 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖诏乇蹖貙 亘賴 禺氐賵氐 亘丕 卮乇丨 丌乇丕蹖 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻貙 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賴蹖趩 丕乇夭卮蹖 賳丿丕乇賳丿. 亘賴 丨丿蹖 讴賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 鬲爻賱蹖 亘禺卮蹖 亘賴 禺賵丿 丿乇 賲賵丕噩賴賴 亘丕 賲乇诏 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 芦亘丕 乇賮鬲賳 丕夭 丕蹖賳 丿賳蹖丕 丕夭 卮乇 賴賲賴 丕蹖賳 丌丿賲鈥屬囏й� 賲夭丕丨賲 禺賱丕氐 賲蹖鈥屫促堐屬吢�. 丿乇 讴賱 丿乇 鬲賯乇蹖乇 丕乇賵蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賲賵蹖 丿賲丕睾 丕爻鬲: 賴賲蹖卮賴 丿乇 丨丕賱 丨爻丕丿鬲 蹖丕 鬲賲爻禺乇 賵 鬲賵賴蹖賳. 賴乇趩賳丿 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 賳卮丕賳 賲蹖鈥屫囏� 讴賴 賲丕乇讴賵爻 丕賵乇賱蹖賵爻 亘丕 丕蹖賳 賴賲賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵堌篡屫� 鬲丕 亘賴 賴賲鈥屬嗁堌关з� 禺賵丿 禺丿賲鬲 讴乇丿賴 賵 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 毓卮賯 亘賵乇夭丿貙 賵賱蹖 賳賴丕蹖鬲丕賸 丕蹖賳 毓卮賯 亘賴 噩丕蹖诏丕賴 賵丕賱丕蹖 禺賵丿卮 亘賵丿 讴賴 亘丿賵賳 賴蹖趩 趩卮賲鈥屫ж簇� 鬲賳賴丕 亘賴 賵馗蹖賮賴 丕噩鬲賲丕毓蹖 禺賵丿 毓賲賱 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 讴賴 芦趩蹖夭蹖 亘賴 賲乇丕鬲亘 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿鬲乇 賵 亘賴鬲乇 丕夭 賯丿乇丿丕賳蹖 賵 鬲丨爻蹖賳 蹖丕 賴賲丿賱蹖 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕爻鬲禄. 丕蹖賳 賳蹖夭 鬲丕 丨丿 夭蹖丕丿蹖 亘丕 丌賲賵夭賴鈥屬囏й� 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿乇鬲囟丕丿 丕爻鬲 賵 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賵乇丿 賳蹖夭 賲賳 亘賴 賲毓丕丿賱 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丌賳 乇丕睾亘 鬲乇賲. 丿乇 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 禺丿賲鬲 亘賴 丿蹖诏乇丕賳貙 亘賴 賵丕爻胤賴 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿丕乇丿貙 亘賱讴賴 賮乇丿 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫� 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 賳蹖夭 亘丿丕賳丿 (丕賱亘鬲賴 賲鬲丕爻賮丕賳賴 丿乇 亘乇禺蹖 賳爻禺賴 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丕蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 氐乇賮丕 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賲賵賲賳鈥屫з嗀�). 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 丕蹖丕夭 賲孬賳賵蹖 賵 丿丕爻鬲丕賳 賲賵爻蹖 賵 爻诏 賲乇蹖囟 (讴賴 丿乇丌賳 賲賵爻蹖 丨鬲蹖 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫� 丕夭 蹖讴 爻诏 賳夭丿 禺丿丕 賲蹖鈥屫з嗀�) 賵 賳蹖夭 丕丨丕丿蹖孬 賲禺鬲賱賮 丕賲丕賲丕賳 卮蹖毓賴 讴賴 賲丐賲賳 亘丕蹖丿 禺賵丿 乇丕 倬丕蹖蹖賳鈥屫臂屬� 亘賳丿賴 禺丿丕 亘丿丕賳丿 丕夭 賴賲蹖賳 賯賲丕卮鈥屫з嗀�. 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丨讴丕蹖丕鬲貙 賮乇賵鬲賳蹖 賵 倬丕蹖蹖賳 丿蹖丿賳 禺賵丿 亘賴 賴蹖趩 賵噩賴 噩賳亘賴 乇賵丕賳蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 賵 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘貙 禺丿賲鬲 毓賲賱蹖 亘賴 丌賳賴丕 噩賳亘賴 禺丿賲鬲 亘賴 禺丕賱賯 乇丕 賲蹖鈥屭屫必�. 丌賳趩賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賯囟丕賵鬲 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕賴賲蹖鬲 丿丕乇丿 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲 讴賴 賳爻禺賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 倬爻鬲 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗀� 賵 賳爻禺賴 丕爻賱丕賲蹖 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 亘丕賱丕 賲蹖鈥屫ㄘ必�. (丕賱亘鬲賴 亘丕夭 賲賳氐賮丕賳賴 亘诏賵蹖賲 讴賴 亘乇禺蹖 乇賵丕蹖鬲鈥屬囏� 丕蹖賳 丿蹖诏乇蹖 乇丕 亘賴 丿蹖诏乇蹖 賲爻賱賲丕賳 鬲賯賱蹖賱 賲蹖鈥屫囐嗀�.) 丕蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 乇丕 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 爻賵賲 乇賵卮賳鈥屫� 禺賵丕賴蹖丿 丿蹖丿
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噩賲毓 亘賳丿蹖
賳賯丿賴丕蹖 亘丕賱丕 賵 亘爻蹖 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 丿蹖诏乇 亘賴 丕蹖賳 賲毓賳蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 賮丕賯丿 丕乇夭卮 讴賳賲. 讴鬲丕亘 芦乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 丿賳蹖丕蹖 丕賲乇賵夭禄 亘爻蹖丕乇 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賵 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 丕爻鬲. 賲賳 丿爻鬲 乇賵蹖 賳賯丕胤 囟毓賮 丌賳 诏匕丕卮鬲賲貙 賵賱蹖 賴賲禺賵丕賳蹖鈥屬囏� 賵 賳賯丕胤 賯賵鬲 丌賳 丌賳鈥屬傌� 賴爻鬲 讴賴 讴賲鬲乇 讴爻蹖 丕夭 禺賵丕賳丿賳 丌賳 倬卮蹖賲丕賳 卮賵丿. 丕诏乇 賯氐丿 丿丕乇蹖丿 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 禺賵丿 亘爻丕夭蹖丿 賵 丕夭 丌賳 丿爻鬲 丕賮乇丕丿蹖 賳蹖爻鬲蹖丿 讴賴 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 賲鬲賵賳 睾蹖乇丕爻賱丕賲蹖 诏丕乇丿 蹖丕 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 乇賵丕賳鈥屫促嗀ж驰� 丨爻丕爻蹖鬲 丿丕乇賳丿 丨鬲賲丕 亘賴 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 賲乇丕噩毓賴 讴賳蹖丿 賵 丕诏乇 禺賵丕爻鬲蹖丿 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 乇丕 亘讴賳蹖丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 丕夭 丿爻鬲 賳丿賴蹖丿
January 11, 2024
Stoicism As A Philosophy Of Life
Academic life often leads people in unexpected directions. William Irvine is Professor of Philosophy at Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. After receiving his PhD from UCLA in 1980, Irvine taught and practiced analytic philosophy for many years before gradually losing interest in it as overly technical and removed from life. Irvine looked for other philosophical and personal options and came close to adopting a Zen Buddhist practice. He ultimately rejected Zen because it did not fit the analytic quality of his mind. Irvine then began a serious study of the Greek and Roman stoics, philosophers he never had to read during his years of philosophical study. The result was his book "On Desire: Why We Want what we Want" (2006) followed by this book, "A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy" (2008) in which Irvine articulates a contemporary stoic philosophy.
Irvine writes for the educated lay reader rather than for academic philosophers. He argues that an important task of philosophy is to help individuals form a "philosophy of life" that gives meaning and purpose. Without a philosophy of life, Irvine argues, "there is danger that you will mislive-- that despite all your activity, despite all the pleasant diversion you might have enjoyed while alive, you will end up living a bad life. There is, in other words, a danger that when you are on your deathbed, you will look back and realize that you wasted your one chance at living. Instead of spending your life pursuing something genuinely valuable, you squandered it because you allowed yourself to be distracted by the various baubles life has to offer."
Besides helping a person to discover his or her "grand goal in living", philosophy also has the task of pointing out a path or strategy for realizing the goal. As mentioned above, Irvine seriously explored Zen Buddhism but found ancient stoicism more suitable to his character in setting out a goal and a means for its attainment.
In his book, Irvine explains the need people to reflect and form a philosophy of life, the value of stoicism, and the means of practicing stoicism. He also takes stoicism out of its ancient theological and teleological (teleology means finding that nature acts purposefully) bases and restates it under assumptions of naturalism.
In the first part of the book, Irvine offers a rapid overview of ancient philosophy and ancient stoicism, culminating in four philosophers of the Roman Empire, Seneca, Musonius Rufus, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius.Irvine shows that the "grand goal" of these philosophers shifted gradually from the reason and "eudamoneia" (a difficult word meaning roughly "virtue") of the Greeks to a goal of emotional tranquility. This, rather than the Greek goal, is the goal Irvine adopts. The goal of tranquility does not advocate suppressing emotions or becoming a zombie. Rather, Irvine defines "tranquility" as "a psychological state marked by the absences of negative emotions, such as grief, anger, and anxiety, and the presence of positive emotions, such as joy."
After identifying the goal, Irvine offers steps towards its attainment. He recommends living modestly, being content with what one has, letting go of the past and of feelings of remorse and guilt, and meditation and reflection on one's goals. A stoic life is internalized, which means it depends of developing what is in one's control rather than seeking for happiness in things outside one's control. To give examples from my own life. I get frustrated when my teachers and others do not rate my piano playing as highly as I would like. I have to remember that the goal of playing the piano is not to have a concert career or to impress others but to bring out music for myself and for those who want to hear. Then again, closer to home, I get angry when I spend time on an Amazon review only to have it curtly negated. I have to remind myself that I write to read and to learn rather than to seek approval from negginators. When I find myself overly bothered, I post here on 欧宝娱乐 which has the virtue of no negators.
In the third part of the book, Irvine offers more broadly-based discussions of stoicism as a guide to life. He discusses the control rather than the repression of emotions such as grief, and strategies for living contentedly with others. He focuses on his own and on his reader's mortality by eloquently reminding of the inevitability of old age and death and of the stoic wisdom of loving life in its transience and letting go.
In the fourth part of the book Irvine, describes again the metaphysical bases of ancient stoicism, which Irvine rejects by rephrasing stoic insights against a backdrop of evolutionary naturalism. Many readers may not be convinced by this attempt to jettison stoicism out of its original context. I think Irvine's point could be better made not by substituting one metaphysical view for another but rather by eliminating the need for a metaphysical "underpinning" for a philosophy of life altogether. The latter stoics showed little interest in teleology or metaphysics. In other words, stoicism stands of falls on its own merits and results as a philosophy and does not require a metaphysical support. This conclusion is consistent with much modern "technical" philosophy, as I understand it, which Irvine claims he no longer wishes to pursue. In the final part of the book, Irvine turns autobiographical and offers insights on what a stoic practice has meant to his own life.
Throughout the book, Irvine approaches his subject with enthusiasm and with at times an almost missionary zeal. There are two parts to the story to be distinguished. The first is the value to a person of developing a philosophy of life. Convincing the reader of the value of a philosophy of life is Irvine's greater goal and, most of the time, it is the source of his enthusiasm and preaching to the reader. The second is the stoic philosophy that Irvine has adopted for himself. Here too, Irvine develops his stoic philosophy and tries to persuade his readers. But he recognizes that a single philosophy will not suit all temperaments, and that there are varied approaches to the good life. His approach has strong components of pragmatism as taught by William James.
This is an excellent work of philosophy for non-specialists. A growing number of philosophers work to make their thoughts accessible, and Irvine is, perhaps, too harsh on the academic study of philosophy. The book has received substantial attention, with many thoughtful reviews and valuable criticisms.
Robin Friedman
Academic life often leads people in unexpected directions. William Irvine is Professor of Philosophy at Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. After receiving his PhD from UCLA in 1980, Irvine taught and practiced analytic philosophy for many years before gradually losing interest in it as overly technical and removed from life. Irvine looked for other philosophical and personal options and came close to adopting a Zen Buddhist practice. He ultimately rejected Zen because it did not fit the analytic quality of his mind. Irvine then began a serious study of the Greek and Roman stoics, philosophers he never had to read during his years of philosophical study. The result was his book "On Desire: Why We Want what we Want" (2006) followed by this book, "A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy" (2008) in which Irvine articulates a contemporary stoic philosophy.
Irvine writes for the educated lay reader rather than for academic philosophers. He argues that an important task of philosophy is to help individuals form a "philosophy of life" that gives meaning and purpose. Without a philosophy of life, Irvine argues, "there is danger that you will mislive-- that despite all your activity, despite all the pleasant diversion you might have enjoyed while alive, you will end up living a bad life. There is, in other words, a danger that when you are on your deathbed, you will look back and realize that you wasted your one chance at living. Instead of spending your life pursuing something genuinely valuable, you squandered it because you allowed yourself to be distracted by the various baubles life has to offer."
Besides helping a person to discover his or her "grand goal in living", philosophy also has the task of pointing out a path or strategy for realizing the goal. As mentioned above, Irvine seriously explored Zen Buddhism but found ancient stoicism more suitable to his character in setting out a goal and a means for its attainment.
In his book, Irvine explains the need people to reflect and form a philosophy of life, the value of stoicism, and the means of practicing stoicism. He also takes stoicism out of its ancient theological and teleological (teleology means finding that nature acts purposefully) bases and restates it under assumptions of naturalism.
In the first part of the book, Irvine offers a rapid overview of ancient philosophy and ancient stoicism, culminating in four philosophers of the Roman Empire, Seneca, Musonius Rufus, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius.Irvine shows that the "grand goal" of these philosophers shifted gradually from the reason and "eudamoneia" (a difficult word meaning roughly "virtue") of the Greeks to a goal of emotional tranquility. This, rather than the Greek goal, is the goal Irvine adopts. The goal of tranquility does not advocate suppressing emotions or becoming a zombie. Rather, Irvine defines "tranquility" as "a psychological state marked by the absences of negative emotions, such as grief, anger, and anxiety, and the presence of positive emotions, such as joy."
After identifying the goal, Irvine offers steps towards its attainment. He recommends living modestly, being content with what one has, letting go of the past and of feelings of remorse and guilt, and meditation and reflection on one's goals. A stoic life is internalized, which means it depends of developing what is in one's control rather than seeking for happiness in things outside one's control. To give examples from my own life. I get frustrated when my teachers and others do not rate my piano playing as highly as I would like. I have to remember that the goal of playing the piano is not to have a concert career or to impress others but to bring out music for myself and for those who want to hear. Then again, closer to home, I get angry when I spend time on an Amazon review only to have it curtly negated. I have to remind myself that I write to read and to learn rather than to seek approval from negginators. When I find myself overly bothered, I post here on 欧宝娱乐 which has the virtue of no negators.
In the third part of the book, Irvine offers more broadly-based discussions of stoicism as a guide to life. He discusses the control rather than the repression of emotions such as grief, and strategies for living contentedly with others. He focuses on his own and on his reader's mortality by eloquently reminding of the inevitability of old age and death and of the stoic wisdom of loving life in its transience and letting go.
In the fourth part of the book Irvine, describes again the metaphysical bases of ancient stoicism, which Irvine rejects by rephrasing stoic insights against a backdrop of evolutionary naturalism. Many readers may not be convinced by this attempt to jettison stoicism out of its original context. I think Irvine's point could be better made not by substituting one metaphysical view for another but rather by eliminating the need for a metaphysical "underpinning" for a philosophy of life altogether. The latter stoics showed little interest in teleology or metaphysics. In other words, stoicism stands of falls on its own merits and results as a philosophy and does not require a metaphysical support. This conclusion is consistent with much modern "technical" philosophy, as I understand it, which Irvine claims he no longer wishes to pursue. In the final part of the book, Irvine turns autobiographical and offers insights on what a stoic practice has meant to his own life.
Throughout the book, Irvine approaches his subject with enthusiasm and with at times an almost missionary zeal. There are two parts to the story to be distinguished. The first is the value to a person of developing a philosophy of life. Convincing the reader of the value of a philosophy of life is Irvine's greater goal and, most of the time, it is the source of his enthusiasm and preaching to the reader. The second is the stoic philosophy that Irvine has adopted for himself. Here too, Irvine develops his stoic philosophy and tries to persuade his readers. But he recognizes that a single philosophy will not suit all temperaments, and that there are varied approaches to the good life. His approach has strong components of pragmatism as taught by William James.
This is an excellent work of philosophy for non-specialists. A growing number of philosophers work to make their thoughts accessible, and Irvine is, perhaps, too harsh on the academic study of philosophy. The book has received substantial attention, with many thoughtful reviews and valuable criticisms.
Robin Friedman
December 9, 2020
Cu峄憂 s谩ch n脿y 膽瓢a ra 2 v岷 膽峄� ch铆nh: 1. Ch峄� ngh末a kh岷痗 k峄� th瓢峄漬g b峄� hi峄僽 l岷 v脿 s峄� th岷璽 l脿 g矛, 2. C谩c bi峄噉 ph谩p th峄眂 hi峄噉 ch峄� ngh末a kh岷痗 k峄� 膽峄� c贸 phong c谩ch s峄憂g b矛nh th岷.
峄� v岷 膽峄� 1 th矛 膽煤ng nh瓢 m峄 ti锚u c峄 t谩c gi岷�. 脭ng l脿m r玫 膽瓢峄 ch峄� ngh末a kh岷痗 k峄� c谩c th峄漣 k峄� v脿 kh岷硁g 膽峄媙h r岷眓g, tr谩i v峄沬 nhi峄乽 ng瓢峄漣 ngh末, kh岷痗 k峄� kh么ng c贸 ngh末a l脿 s峄憂g thanh 膽岷. B岷 th芒n t么i tr瓢峄沜 膽芒y c农ng t峄玭g ngh末 v岷瓂 v脿 hay c瓢峄漣 c峄 Seneca kh岷痗 k峄� m脿 gi脿u vl =)))
Sang t峄沬 v岷 膽峄� th峄� 2 l脿 chi ti岷縯 c霉ng v峄沬 c谩c th峄眂 h脿nh kh岷痗 k峄� th矛 ph岷 n贸i l脿 膽峄峜 trong tr岷g th谩i th峄� 啤. 膼岷 ti锚n l脿 l峄慽 vi岷縯 r岷 gi峄憂g s谩ch self-help, t峄ヽ l脿 膽瓢a ra r岷 nhi峄乽 l峄漣 khuy锚n m脿 c贸 l岷� l脿 膽煤ng ph岷 n脿o, nh瓢ng ch铆nh v矛 nhi峄乽 n锚n th脿nh ra helpless. C谩c ch峄� ngh末a l峄沶 c啤 b岷 膽峄乽 c贸 nh峄痭g tri岷縯 l媒 r岷 膽啤n gi岷, ki峄僽 one ring to rule them all v岷瓂, nh瓢 Ph岷璽 gi谩o th矛 ta b谩m v脿o t铆nh kh么ng c貌n hi峄噉 sinh l脿 s峄憂g nguy hi峄僲. T峄� m峄檛 nguy锚n t岷痗 ch峄� 膽岷, 膽谩nh v脿o ti峄乵 th峄ヽ nhi峄乽 h啤n, ng瓢峄漣 膽峄峜 s岷� t峄� m脿y m貌 ra nh峄痭g 膽瓢峄漬g 膽i n瓢峄沜 b瓢峄沜 sau. C貌n Kh岷痗 k峄�, nh瓢 c谩ch tr矛nh b脿y 峄� 膽芒y, qu谩 nh峄� l岷�. T岷 nhi锚n, n贸 h啤n s谩ch self-help v峄� v岷﹏ 峄� ch峄� n贸 do nh峄痭g kh峄慽 贸c l峄沶 ngh末 ra v峄沬 c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p 膽峄塶h h啤n.
D霉 v岷瓂, n贸i v峄� b岷 ch岷 c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p Kh岷痗 k峄� th矛 膽煤ng nh瓢 m峄檛 ph岷 m峄 ti锚u c峄 n贸 l脿 l么i k茅o c脿ng 膽么ng ng瓢峄漣 c脿ng t峄憈, ch峄� ngh末a n脿y kh么ng r峄憈 r谩o. C啤 b岷 l脿 c谩i n脿o c农ng n瓢峄沜 膽么i 膽峄� chi峄乽 nhi峄乽 ng瓢峄漣. V脿 nh瓢 ch铆nh t谩c gi岷� Irvine nhi峄乽 l岷 nh岷痗 t峄沬, n贸 l脿 m峄檛 phi锚n b岷 nh岷璸 m么n c峄 Thi峄乶 t么ng, d脿nh cho nh峄痭g ai 铆t kh岷� n膬ng. V脿 膽煤ng l脿 v峄沬 m峄檛 ng瓢峄漣 h峄峜 Thi峄乶 nh瓢 t么i (d霉 h峄峜 ch瓢a t峄沬 膽芒u) th矛 c谩c nguy锚n t岷痗 c峄 kh岷痗 k峄� 膽峄乽 kh谩 quen thu峄檆, 膽茫 谩p d峄g v脿 峄� nhi峄乽 膽i峄僲 th矛 膽茫 v瓢峄 qua c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p 膽贸.
T贸m l岷 l脿 to脿n b峄� ph岷 2, sau khi 膽峄峜 xong th矛 l峄峜 膽瓢峄 3 c谩i g峄峣 l脿 m峄沬 m岷� v峄沬 c谩 nh芒n t么i: 1 l脿 kh岷痗 k峄� khuy锚n c谩c b岷 ch岷縯 膽i =)))) khuy锚n th岷� m峄沬 l脿 khuy锚n ch峄� hoho =)))))) 2 l脿 ph瓢啤ng ph谩p h脿i h瓢峄沜 nh峄痭g l峄漣 s峄� nh峄 nh峄. T么i ch瓢a bi岷縯 ph瓢啤ng ph谩p n脿y nh瓢ng th岷 膽煤ng hay v脿 s岷� 谩p d峄g :"> v脿 3 l脿 l峄漣 khuy锚n r岷眓g m峄峣 ng瓢峄漣 n锚n s峄憂g theo m峄檛 tri岷縯 l媒 n脿o 膽贸. B岷 th芒n t么i th矛 x瓢a nay v岷玭 theo tri岷縯 l媒 nh脿 Ph芒t v脿 t铆 ti (v脿 ng瓢峄 l岷 l脿) hi峄噉 sinh, t峄� nhi锚n :"> hihi n锚n l峄漣 khuy锚n kh么ng li锚n quan t峄沬 t么i m脿 ch峄� y岷縰 l脿 khi t么i nh矛n nh峄痭g ng瓢峄漣 xung quanh th矛 nh岷璶 ra r岷眓g 膽煤ng c谩i h峄� thi岷縰 l脿 m峄檛 tri岷縯 l媒 s峄憂g. T岷 nhi锚n, tri岷縯 l媒 n脿o th矛 t霉y m峄梚 ng瓢峄漣. D霉 l脿 ch峄峮 con 膽瓢峄漬g n脿o, th矛 c农ng ph岷 膽脿o s芒u 膽i c谩c b岷 hoho
ch岷縯, s峄� nh峄, m峄梚 ng瓢峄漣 c岷 s峄憂g tri岷縯 l媒.
峄� v岷 膽峄� 1 th矛 膽煤ng nh瓢 m峄 ti锚u c峄 t谩c gi岷�. 脭ng l脿m r玫 膽瓢峄 ch峄� ngh末a kh岷痗 k峄� c谩c th峄漣 k峄� v脿 kh岷硁g 膽峄媙h r岷眓g, tr谩i v峄沬 nhi峄乽 ng瓢峄漣 ngh末, kh岷痗 k峄� kh么ng c贸 ngh末a l脿 s峄憂g thanh 膽岷. B岷 th芒n t么i tr瓢峄沜 膽芒y c农ng t峄玭g ngh末 v岷瓂 v脿 hay c瓢峄漣 c峄 Seneca kh岷痗 k峄� m脿 gi脿u vl =)))
Sang t峄沬 v岷 膽峄� th峄� 2 l脿 chi ti岷縯 c霉ng v峄沬 c谩c th峄眂 h脿nh kh岷痗 k峄� th矛 ph岷 n贸i l脿 膽峄峜 trong tr岷g th谩i th峄� 啤. 膼岷 ti锚n l脿 l峄慽 vi岷縯 r岷 gi峄憂g s谩ch self-help, t峄ヽ l脿 膽瓢a ra r岷 nhi峄乽 l峄漣 khuy锚n m脿 c贸 l岷� l脿 膽煤ng ph岷 n脿o, nh瓢ng ch铆nh v矛 nhi峄乽 n锚n th脿nh ra helpless. C谩c ch峄� ngh末a l峄沶 c啤 b岷 膽峄乽 c贸 nh峄痭g tri岷縯 l媒 r岷 膽啤n gi岷, ki峄僽 one ring to rule them all v岷瓂, nh瓢 Ph岷璽 gi谩o th矛 ta b谩m v脿o t铆nh kh么ng c貌n hi峄噉 sinh l脿 s峄憂g nguy hi峄僲. T峄� m峄檛 nguy锚n t岷痗 ch峄� 膽岷, 膽谩nh v脿o ti峄乵 th峄ヽ nhi峄乽 h啤n, ng瓢峄漣 膽峄峜 s岷� t峄� m脿y m貌 ra nh峄痭g 膽瓢峄漬g 膽i n瓢峄沜 b瓢峄沜 sau. C貌n Kh岷痗 k峄�, nh瓢 c谩ch tr矛nh b脿y 峄� 膽芒y, qu谩 nh峄� l岷�. T岷 nhi锚n, n贸 h啤n s谩ch self-help v峄� v岷﹏ 峄� ch峄� n贸 do nh峄痭g kh峄慽 贸c l峄沶 ngh末 ra v峄沬 c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p 膽峄塶h h啤n.
D霉 v岷瓂, n贸i v峄� b岷 ch岷 c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p Kh岷痗 k峄� th矛 膽煤ng nh瓢 m峄檛 ph岷 m峄 ti锚u c峄 n贸 l脿 l么i k茅o c脿ng 膽么ng ng瓢峄漣 c脿ng t峄憈, ch峄� ngh末a n脿y kh么ng r峄憈 r谩o. C啤 b岷 l脿 c谩i n脿o c农ng n瓢峄沜 膽么i 膽峄� chi峄乽 nhi峄乽 ng瓢峄漣. V脿 nh瓢 ch铆nh t谩c gi岷� Irvine nhi峄乽 l岷 nh岷痗 t峄沬, n贸 l脿 m峄檛 phi锚n b岷 nh岷璸 m么n c峄 Thi峄乶 t么ng, d脿nh cho nh峄痭g ai 铆t kh岷� n膬ng. V脿 膽煤ng l脿 v峄沬 m峄檛 ng瓢峄漣 h峄峜 Thi峄乶 nh瓢 t么i (d霉 h峄峜 ch瓢a t峄沬 膽芒u) th矛 c谩c nguy锚n t岷痗 c峄 kh岷痗 k峄� 膽峄乽 kh谩 quen thu峄檆, 膽茫 谩p d峄g v脿 峄� nhi峄乽 膽i峄僲 th矛 膽茫 v瓢峄 qua c谩c ph瓢啤ng ph谩p 膽贸.
T贸m l岷 l脿 to脿n b峄� ph岷 2, sau khi 膽峄峜 xong th矛 l峄峜 膽瓢峄 3 c谩i g峄峣 l脿 m峄沬 m岷� v峄沬 c谩 nh芒n t么i: 1 l脿 kh岷痗 k峄� khuy锚n c谩c b岷 ch岷縯 膽i =)))) khuy锚n th岷� m峄沬 l脿 khuy锚n ch峄� hoho =)))))) 2 l脿 ph瓢啤ng ph谩p h脿i h瓢峄沜 nh峄痭g l峄漣 s峄� nh峄 nh峄. T么i ch瓢a bi岷縯 ph瓢啤ng ph谩p n脿y nh瓢ng th岷 膽煤ng hay v脿 s岷� 谩p d峄g :"> v脿 3 l脿 l峄漣 khuy锚n r岷眓g m峄峣 ng瓢峄漣 n锚n s峄憂g theo m峄檛 tri岷縯 l媒 n脿o 膽贸. B岷 th芒n t么i th矛 x瓢a nay v岷玭 theo tri岷縯 l媒 nh脿 Ph芒t v脿 t铆 ti (v脿 ng瓢峄 l岷 l脿) hi峄噉 sinh, t峄� nhi锚n :"> hihi n锚n l峄漣 khuy锚n kh么ng li锚n quan t峄沬 t么i m脿 ch峄� y岷縰 l脿 khi t么i nh矛n nh峄痭g ng瓢峄漣 xung quanh th矛 nh岷璶 ra r岷眓g 膽煤ng c谩i h峄� thi岷縰 l脿 m峄檛 tri岷縯 l媒 s峄憂g. T岷 nhi锚n, tri岷縯 l媒 n脿o th矛 t霉y m峄梚 ng瓢峄漣. D霉 l脿 ch峄峮 con 膽瓢峄漬g n脿o, th矛 c农ng ph岷 膽脿o s芒u 膽i c谩c b岷 hoho
ch岷縯, s峄� nh峄, m峄梚 ng瓢峄漣 c岷 s峄憂g tri岷縯 l媒.
April 12, 2017
亘賴 賴賲賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 讴鬲丕亘 爻丕丿賴 賵 禺賵卮鈥屫堌з嗁� 賵 趩蹖夭蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 賲禺鬲氐 賯卮乇 禺丕氐蹖 亘丕卮賴. 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏� 賵 鬲讴賳蹖讴鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賯蹖 亘乇丕蹖 丿爻鬲蹖丕亘蹖 亘賴 賴丿賮 賳賴丕蹖蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳貙 蹖毓賳蹖 丌乇丕賲卮貙 丕夭 倬卮鬲賵丕賳踿 賲賳胤賯蹖 賵 毓賯賱蹖 丿乇爻鬲蹖 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇賴 賵 亘乇丕 賴賲蹖賳 丌丿賲 賯亘賵賱 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁�. 賱丕丕賯賱 賲賳 讴賴 賳鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 禺蹖賱蹖 趩賵賳 賵 趩乇丕 讴賳賲. 丿乇 囟賲賳 賮賴賲蹖丿賲 亘毓囟蹖 丕夭 乇賵卮鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賯蹖 賵 賳賵毓 賳诏丕賴 丕賵賳賴丕 乇賵 賲賳 亘丿賵賳 丕蹖賳讴賴 亘丿賵賳賲 丕噩乇丕 賲蹖鈥屭┴必団€屫з� 鬲賵 夭賳丿诏蹖賲 賵 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮踿 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴 乇賵丨蹖丕鬲賲 爻丕夭诏丕乇賴.
蹖讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖賲 亘賴 噩丕蹖 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿賳 丕賲讴丕賳丕鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賵 亘乇丌賵乇丿賴 讴乇丿賳 亘蹖卮 丕夭 倬蹖卮 丕賲蹖丕賱 賵 丌乇夭賵賴丕賲賵賳 丕夭 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲. 賲賳胤賯 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴賲 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賴蹖趩鈥屭┴� 鬲丕 丨丕賱丕 孬丕亘鬲 賳讴乇丿賴 賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 賴賲 丕蹖賳賵 賳卮賵賳 賳賲蹖丿賴 讴賴 丿爻鬲鈥屰屫жㄛ� 賴乇趩賴鈥屫ㄛ屫簇� 亘賴 禺賵丕爻鬲賴鈥屬囏� 賵 丌乇夭賵賴丕賲賵賳貙 (诏賵卮蹖 賲賵亘丕蹖賱 噩丿蹖丿貙 賲丕卮蹖賳 賲丿賱 亘丕賱丕鬲乇貙 賱亘丕爻 卮蹖讴鈥屫必� 賱匕鬲 噩賳爻蹖 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 賵 亘蹖卮鬲乇貙 賲毓卮賵賯賴 蹖丕 賴賲爻乇 亘賴鬲乇) 丌乇丕賲卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 亘乇丕賲賵賳 亘賴 丕乇賲睾丕賳 丌賵乇丿賴 亘丕卮賴貨 亘賱讴賴 亘乇毓讴爻 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖卮賴 禺蹖賱蹖 爻乇蹖毓 丕夭 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿蹖賲 丿賱夭丿賴 亘卮蹖賲 賵 亘乇丕賲賵賳 毓丕丿蹖 亘卮賴 賵 亘丕夭 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 趩蹖夭 噩丿蹖丿鬲乇蹖 亘乇蹖賲. 胤亘毓 丌丿賲蹖 亘蹖鈥屬嗁囏й屫� 胤賱亘賴 賵 丕诏賴 亘賴 賳賮爻 丕噩丕夭賴 亘丿蹖賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇囟丕蹖 丕賲蹖丕賱 禺賵丿卮 亘乇賴 丕蹖賳 亘乇丌賵乇丿賳 丌乇夭賵賴丕 鬲賲賵賲蹖 賳丿丕乇賴 賵 賲丕 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丕賵賳 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 賮讴乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 亘賴鬲乇賴 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳蹖賲. 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 賲丕 亘賳丿踿 賳賮爻賲賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬� 賵 丕夭 丌乇丕賲卮 丿賵乇 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬�. 丿乇 毓賵囟 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 诏賴鈥屭з� 亘賴 丕夭丿爻鬲鈥屫ж� 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲 鬲丕 賯丿乇 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屬囏з呝堎� 乇賵 亘丿賵賳蹖賲 賵 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴貙 亘丕 鬲氐賵乇 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳卮賵賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屬囏з呝堎� 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲. 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賴賲 亘賴 賱匕鬲 乇爻蹖丿蹖賲 賵 賴賲 丌乇丕賲卮賲賵賳 乇賵 丨賮馗 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬�.
蹖讴蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴鈥屬囏й� 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖賲 亘賴 噩丕蹖 鬲賱丕卮 亘乇丕蹖 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿賳 丕賲讴丕賳丕鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賵 亘乇丌賵乇丿賴 讴乇丿賳 亘蹖卮 丕夭 倬蹖卮 丕賲蹖丕賱 賵 丌乇夭賵賴丕賲賵賳 丕夭 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲. 賲賳胤賯 丕蹖賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴賲 丕蹖賳賴 讴賴 賴蹖趩鈥屭┴� 鬲丕 丨丕賱丕 孬丕亘鬲 賳讴乇丿賴 賵 鬲噩乇亘賴 賴賲 丕蹖賳賵 賳卮賵賳 賳賲蹖丿賴 讴賴 丿爻鬲鈥屰屫жㄛ� 賴乇趩賴鈥屫ㄛ屫簇� 亘賴 禺賵丕爻鬲賴鈥屬囏� 賵 丌乇夭賵賴丕賲賵賳貙 (诏賵卮蹖 賲賵亘丕蹖賱 噩丿蹖丿貙 賲丕卮蹖賳 賲丿賱 亘丕賱丕鬲乇貙 賱亘丕爻 卮蹖讴鈥屫必� 賱匕鬲 噩賳爻蹖 亘丕賱丕鬲乇 賵 亘蹖卮鬲乇貙 賲毓卮賵賯賴 蹖丕 賴賲爻乇 亘賴鬲乇) 丌乇丕賲卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 亘乇丕賲賵賳 亘賴 丕乇賲睾丕賳 丌賵乇丿賴 亘丕卮賴貨 亘賱讴賴 亘乇毓讴爻 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖卮賴 禺蹖賱蹖 爻乇蹖毓 丕夭 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 亘賴 丿爻鬲 丌賵乇丿蹖賲 丿賱夭丿賴 亘卮蹖賲 賵 亘乇丕賲賵賳 毓丕丿蹖 亘卮賴 賵 亘丕夭 賴賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 趩蹖夭 噩丿蹖丿鬲乇蹖 亘乇蹖賲. 胤亘毓 丌丿賲蹖 亘蹖鈥屬嗁囏й屫� 胤賱亘賴 賵 丕诏賴 亘賴 賳賮爻 丕噩丕夭賴 亘丿蹖賲 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇囟丕蹖 丕賲蹖丕賱 禺賵丿卮 亘乇賴 丕蹖賳 亘乇丌賵乇丿賳 丌乇夭賵賴丕 鬲賲賵賲蹖 賳丿丕乇賴 賵 賲丕 賴賲蹖卮賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘乇丕蹖 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丕賵賳 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 賮讴乇 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬� 亘賴鬲乇賴 鬲賱丕卮 讴賳蹖賲. 亘賴 丕蹖賳 鬲乇鬲蹖亘 賲丕 亘賳丿踿 賳賮爻賲賵賳 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬� 賵 丕夭 丌乇丕賲卮 丿賵乇 賲蹖鈥屫篡屬�. 丿乇 毓賵囟 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗁嗀� 诏賴鈥屭з� 亘賴 丕夭丿爻鬲鈥屫ж� 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖賲 賮讴乇 讴賳蹖賲 鬲丕 賯丿乇 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屬囏з呝堎� 乇賵 亘丿賵賳蹖賲 賵 丕夭 胤乇賮 丿蹖诏賴貙 亘丕 鬲氐賵乇 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳卮賵賳 亘蹖卮鬲乇 丕夭 丿丕卮鬲賴鈥屬囏з呝堎� 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲. 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賴賲 亘賴 賱匕鬲 乇爻蹖丿蹖賲 賵 賴賲 丌乇丕賲卮賲賵賳 乇賵 丨賮馗 賲蹖鈥屭┵嗃屬�.
March 1, 2025
袗薪褌懈褔薪邪褌邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 薪邪 褋褌芯懈褑懈蟹屑邪 锌褉邪胁懈 褌芯胁邪, o褌 泻芯械褌芯 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪邪褌邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 芯褌写邪胁薪邪 褋械 械 芯褌泻邪蟹邪谢邪 (蟹邪 褋褗卸邪谢械薪懈械, 蟹邪 褋屑械褌泻邪 薪邪 写褗褉胁械薪芯褌芯 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋褌胁邪薪械) - 写邪 薪懈 写邪写械 薪邪褋芯泻懈 泻邪泻 写邪 卸懈胁械械屑 写芯斜褗褉, 褖邪褋褌谢懈胁 懈 褋屑懈褋谢械薪 卸懈胁芯褌.
袨斜褋械褋懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪懈褟 褋胁褟褌 锌芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褌邪 懈 懈蟹褉邪蟹褟胁邪薪械褌芯 懈屑 薪邪 胁褋褟泻邪 褑械薪邪 褋懈 懈屑邪... 褑械薪邪 懈 褌邪褟 褑械薪邪 械 薪邪褉褑懈褋懈蟹褗屑, 懈褋褌械褉懈褟, 写械锌褉械褋懈褟 懈 褌褉械胁芯卸薪芯褋褌 胁 薪械胁懈卸写邪薪懈 褉邪蟹屑械褉懈. 袝胁褉芯锌邪 薪械 械 小袗些, 薪芯 胁谢懈褟薪懈械褌芯 薪邪 褌褟褏薪邪褌邪 泻褍谢褌褍褉邪 薪邪 褏芯写械薪械 薪邪 锌褋懈褏芯邪薪邪谢懈褌懈褑懈 褑褟谢 卸懈胁芯褌, 褌械褉邪锌懈懈 蟹邪 胁褋褟泻芯 薪械褖芯 懈 薪邪褋褗褉褔邪胁邪薪械 蟹邪 薪械褋锌懈褉薪懈 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉懈, 邪薪邪谢懈蟹懈褉邪薪械 懈 褋锌芯写械谢褟薪械 薪邪 胁褋褟泻邪泻胁懈 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 懈 屑懈褋谢懈 薪邪胁谢懈蟹邪 胁褋械 锌芯胁械褔械 懈 褌褍泻.
袧械, "褋械斜械懈蟹褉邪蟹褟胁邪薪械褌芯" 薪械 械 薪邪泄-胁邪卸薪芯褌芯 薪械褖芯 薪邪 褋胁械褌邪, 薪械, 薪械 屑芯卸械褕 写邪 "薪邪屑械褉懈褕 褋械斜械 褋懈" 泻邪褌芯 薪邪褉褑懈褋褌懈褔薪芯 褋械 胁蟹懈褉邪褕 胁 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪懈褌械 褋懈 屑懈褋谢懈 懈 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 懈 薪械, "斜褗写懈 褋械斜械 褋懈" 薪械 械 写芯斜褗褉 褋褗胁械褌. 袙褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 械 写芯褋褌邪 谢芯褕 褋褗胁械褌 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 锌芯胁械褔械褌芯 褏芯褉邪 褋邪 谐褗蟹芯胁械 懈 械 锌芯-写芯斜褉械 写邪 褋械 芯锌懈褌胁邪褌 写邪 斜褗写邪褌 薪械褖芯 锌芯-写芯斜褉芯, 芯褌泻芯谢泻芯褌芯 斜械蟹泻褉懈褌懈褔薪芯 写邪 褋械 芯锌懈胁邪褌 芯褌 锌褉械谢械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 "褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 褋邪".
袧芯 邪谢褌械褉薪邪褌懈胁邪 薪邪 褌邪褟 谢懈谐邪胁邪 谢褍写芯褋褌 懈屑邪. 袣邪褌芯 褑褟谢芯 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褋胁械褌芯胁薪懈 褉械谢懈谐懈懈 懈 褌褉邪写懈褑懈芯薪薪懈 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈懈 蟹邪 卸懈胁芯褌 - 芯褌 褏褉懈褋褌懈褟薪褋褌胁芯 写芯 斜褍写懈蟹褗屑 - 褋邪 械写懈薪芯写褍褕薪懈, 褔械 蟹邪 褖邪褋褌谢懈胁 懈 锌褗谢薪芯褑械薪械薪 卸懈胁芯褌 械 薪褍卸薪芯 褌芯褔薪芯 芯斜褉邪褌薪芯褌芯 薪邪 褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 褌胁褗褉写懈 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪邪褌邪 锌褋懈褏芯谢芯谐懈褟 - 薪械 锌芯写写邪胁邪薪械 薪邪 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褌邪, 邪 锌芯写褔懈薪褟胁邪薪械褌芯 懈屑 懈 薪邪屑邪谢褟胁邪薪械 薪邪 褌褟褏薪芯褌芯 胁谢懈褟薪懈械 胁褗褉褏褍 薪邪褋.
袨褌 械胁芯谢褞褑懈芯薪薪邪 谐谢械写薪邪 褌芯褔泻邪 褌芯胁邪 械 锌芯胁械褔械 芯褌 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯 - 薪邪褕懈褌械 懈薪褋褌懈薪泻褌懈, 褋褗蟹写邪写械薪懈 写邪 薪懈 写褗褉卸邪褌 卸懈胁懈 胁 锌邪谢械芯谢懈褌薪邪褌邪 褋邪胁邪薪邪 薪械 褋邪 薪邪泄-写芯斜褉懈褟 褋褗胁械褌薪懈泻 胁 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪芯褌芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯. 袝屑芯褑懈懈褌械 锌褉械写褏芯卸写邪褌 写芯褉懈 褔芯胁械褕泻懈褟 胁懈写 懈 芯褋谢邪薪褟薪械褌芯 谐谢邪胁薪芯 薪邪 褌褟褏 写薪械褋 薪褟屑邪 泻邪泻 写邪 械 写芯斜褉邪 懈写械褟.
袧懈泻芯泄 薪械 芯锌懈褋胁邪 褌芯蟹懈 薪邪褔懈薪 薪邪 屑懈褋谢械薪械 褌邪泻邪 锌褗谢薪芯, 泻邪泻褌芯 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋泻邪褌邪 褕泻芯谢邪 薪邪 小褌芯懈褑懈蟹屑邪 - 泻芯褟褌芯 褋褗褖芯 褌邪泻邪 写邪胁邪 懈 锌芯谢械蟹薪懈 褋褗胁械褌懈 蟹邪 锌褉懈谢邪谐邪薪械褌芯 屑褍 薪邪 锌褉邪泻褌懈泻邪.
"A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy" 锌褉邪胁懈 锌褉械谐谢械写 薪邪 褋褌芯懈褔械褋泻邪褌邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 懈 薪邪褔懈薪 薪邪 屑懈褋谢械薪械, 薪邪 薪邪泄-蟹薪邪褔懈屑懈褌械 褋褌芯懈褑懈 懈 褌褟褏薪芯褌芯 胁懈卸写邪薪械 芯褌薪芯褋薪芯 褌芯胁邪 泻邪泻 写邪 懈蟹谐褉邪写懈屑 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 蟹邪 卸懈胁芯褌邪 泻邪褌芯 薪邪褔懈薪 写邪 谐芯 卸懈胁械械屑 褖邪褋褌谢懈胁芯 懈 褋屑懈褋谢械薪芯.
袨斜褋械褋懈褟褌邪 薪邪 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪懈褟 褋胁褟褌 锌芯 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褌邪 懈 懈蟹褉邪蟹褟胁邪薪械褌芯 懈屑 薪邪 胁褋褟泻邪 褑械薪邪 褋懈 懈屑邪... 褑械薪邪 懈 褌邪褟 褑械薪邪 械 薪邪褉褑懈褋懈蟹褗屑, 懈褋褌械褉懈褟, 写械锌褉械褋懈褟 懈 褌褉械胁芯卸薪芯褋褌 胁 薪械胁懈卸写邪薪懈 褉邪蟹屑械褉懈. 袝胁褉芯锌邪 薪械 械 小袗些, 薪芯 胁谢懈褟薪懈械褌芯 薪邪 褌褟褏薪邪褌邪 泻褍谢褌褍褉邪 薪邪 褏芯写械薪械 薪邪 锌褋懈褏芯邪薪邪谢懈褌懈褑懈 褑褟谢 卸懈胁芯褌, 褌械褉邪锌懈懈 蟹邪 胁褋褟泻芯 薪械褖芯 懈 薪邪褋褗褉褔邪胁邪薪械 蟹邪 薪械褋锌懈褉薪懈 褉邪蟹谐芯胁芯褉懈, 邪薪邪谢懈蟹懈褉邪薪械 懈 褋锌芯写械谢褟薪械 薪邪 胁褋褟泻邪泻胁懈 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 懈 屑懈褋谢懈 薪邪胁谢懈蟹邪 胁褋械 锌芯胁械褔械 懈 褌褍泻.
袧械, "褋械斜械懈蟹褉邪蟹褟胁邪薪械褌芯" 薪械 械 薪邪泄-胁邪卸薪芯褌芯 薪械褖芯 薪邪 褋胁械褌邪, 薪械, 薪械 屑芯卸械褕 写邪 "薪邪屑械褉懈褕 褋械斜械 褋懈" 泻邪褌芯 薪邪褉褑懈褋褌懈褔薪芯 褋械 胁蟹懈褉邪褕 胁 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪懈褌械 褋懈 屑懈褋谢懈 懈 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪 懈 薪械, "斜褗写懈 褋械斜械 褋懈" 薪械 械 写芯斜褗褉 褋褗胁械褌. 袙褋褗褖薪芯褋褌 械 写芯褋褌邪 谢芯褕 褋褗胁械褌 蟹邪褖芯褌芯 锌芯胁械褔械褌芯 褏芯褉邪 褋邪 谐褗蟹芯胁械 懈 械 锌芯-写芯斜褉械 写邪 褋械 芯锌懈褌胁邪褌 写邪 斜褗写邪褌 薪械褖芯 锌芯-写芯斜褉芯, 芯褌泻芯谢泻芯褌芯 斜械蟹泻褉懈褌懈褔薪芯 写邪 褋械 芯锌懈胁邪褌 芯褌 锌褉械谢械褋褌褌邪 薪邪 "褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 褋邪".
袧芯 邪谢褌械褉薪邪褌懈胁邪 薪邪 褌邪褟 谢懈谐邪胁邪 谢褍写芯褋褌 懈屑邪. 袣邪褌芯 褑褟谢芯 胁褋懈褔泻懈 褋胁械褌芯胁薪懈 褉械谢懈谐懈懈 懈 褌褉邪写懈褑懈芯薪薪懈 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈懈 蟹邪 卸懈胁芯褌 - 芯褌 褏褉懈褋褌懈褟薪褋褌胁芯 写芯 斜褍写懈蟹褗屑 - 褋邪 械写懈薪芯写褍褕薪懈, 褔械 蟹邪 褖邪褋褌谢懈胁 懈 锌褗谢薪芯褑械薪械薪 卸懈胁芯褌 械 薪褍卸薪芯 褌芯褔薪芯 芯斜褉邪褌薪芯褌芯 薪邪 褌芯胁邪, 泻芯械褌芯 褌胁褗褉写懈 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪邪褌邪 锌褋懈褏芯谢芯谐懈褟 - 薪械 锌芯写写邪胁邪薪械 薪邪 褔褍胁褋褌胁邪褌邪, 邪 锌芯写褔懈薪褟胁邪薪械褌芯 懈屑 懈 薪邪屑邪谢褟胁邪薪械 薪邪 褌褟褏薪芯褌芯 胁谢懈褟薪懈械 胁褗褉褏褍 薪邪褋.
袨褌 械胁芯谢褞褑懈芯薪薪邪 谐谢械写薪邪 褌芯褔泻邪 褌芯胁邪 械 锌芯胁械褔械 芯褌 芯褔械胁懈写薪芯 - 薪邪褕懈褌械 懈薪褋褌懈薪泻褌懈, 褋褗蟹写邪写械薪懈 写邪 薪懈 写褗褉卸邪褌 卸懈胁懈 胁 锌邪谢械芯谢懈褌薪邪褌邪 褋邪胁邪薪邪 薪械 褋邪 薪邪泄-写芯斜褉懈褟 褋褗胁械褌薪懈泻 胁 褋褗胁褉械屑械薪薪芯褌芯 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯. 袝屑芯褑懈懈褌械 锌褉械写褏芯卸写邪褌 写芯褉懈 褔芯胁械褕泻懈褟 胁懈写 懈 芯褋谢邪薪褟薪械褌芯 谐谢邪胁薪芯 薪邪 褌褟褏 写薪械褋 薪褟屑邪 泻邪泻 写邪 械 写芯斜褉邪 懈写械褟.
袧懈泻芯泄 薪械 芯锌懈褋胁邪 褌芯蟹懈 薪邪褔懈薪 薪邪 屑懈褋谢械薪械 褌邪泻邪 锌褗谢薪芯, 泻邪泻褌芯 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎褋泻邪褌邪 褕泻芯谢邪 薪邪 小褌芯懈褑懈蟹屑邪 - 泻芯褟褌芯 褋褗褖芯 褌邪泻邪 写邪胁邪 懈 锌芯谢械蟹薪懈 褋褗胁械褌懈 蟹邪 锌褉懈谢邪谐邪薪械褌芯 屑褍 薪邪 锌褉邪泻褌懈泻邪.
"A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy" 锌褉邪胁懈 锌褉械谐谢械写 薪邪 褋褌芯懈褔械褋泻邪褌邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 懈 薪邪褔懈薪 薪邪 屑懈褋谢械薪械, 薪邪 薪邪泄-蟹薪邪褔懈屑懈褌械 褋褌芯懈褑懈 懈 褌褟褏薪芯褌芯 胁懈卸写邪薪械 芯褌薪芯褋薪芯 褌芯胁邪 泻邪泻 写邪 懈蟹谐褉邪写懈屑 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪邪 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟 蟹邪 卸懈胁芯褌邪 泻邪褌芯 薪邪褔懈薪 写邪 谐芯 卸懈胁械械屑 褖邪褋褌谢懈胁芯 懈 褋屑懈褋谢械薪芯.
January 18, 2009
There aren't many books written on a philosophy of life as there are 'philosophies' for life out there; and there aren't many books that exist in the great divide between academic philosophy and water-downed caricatures of philosophy (think Consolation of Philosophy but PART TWO...). Mr Irvine's book, however, provides one fairly detailed philosophy of life as Stoicism goes and bridges the divide by not only describing what is Stoicism but also, how to practice Stoicism for both tranquility and joy in the context of our insane and insatiable consumerist culture amid other existential fears and anxieties.
Let me say this first: this is a timely book in view of the Financial Crisis of 2008 transforming into something Unknown and Monstrous for 2009 and beyond. Here, Mr Irvine's book contains not just sound advice for living amid hardship, but also useful tidbits of wisdom in the face of calamity and unrest. But as the Fates would have it, it may be all good but a tad too late.
Even so, Mr Irvine's book is part self-reflection, part 'what is Stoicism' (and who the Stoics were), and part how to be a Stoic. If you find yourself immediately put off by the word 'Stoic', don't. Mr Irvine has done marvelously well on explaining why the modern interpretation of 'Stoic' has been more of a misinterpretation than the lived reality of a good life: his reflection of those mundanely trivial but existentially heroic accounts of his own life suffice.
However, what I find singularly troubling is Mr Irvine's ambition in explaining Stoicism at an extremely high level of evolutionary psychology; that the Stoics techniques have been designed to short-circuit what might be the undesirable consequences of human evolution on "autopilot" to the ultimate demise of the human psyche and society (e.g. insatiable greed for security and an extreme one, an eye for an eye to ensure one stays as the Alpha Male for reproduction). But consistent to the claims of the evolutionary psychology one can also find himself inevitably suggesting that because Stoicism exists, it must have also been somewhat effective in increasing the chance for successful reproduction; that merely than short-circuiting anxieties, fears, greed and so on for 'short-term' tranquility, it also acts as a long term catalyst, if not a direct cause for successful reproduction. So is Stoicism a cure or a cause? Is it both? In trying to explain the causes of the symptoms Stoicism tries to cure via evolutionary psychology, Mr Irvine opens up new questions he was not prepared to answer.
In fact, what I find most satisfying, and also where the philosophical lore is the richest, are those direct and honest accounts of living as a Stoic in today's world. For example, in one of Mr Irvine's account of changing a 16 year old car for a 9 year old 'new' one with neither a radio nor a cup-holder brought a smile to my face--indeed, why do we need three jumbo cup-holders and 8000 channels on our car radios today? By 'downgrading', Mr Irvine suggests (he would probably use the word, 'simplifying') our materialistic lives, we are in fact 'upgrading' in virtuous Stoical character-building. I think I see Mr Irvine nodding.
Yet, Mr Irvine shies away from those difficult, pressing questions as the contemporary mouth-piece, if not a modern peer to philosophers like Seneca and Epictetus. Sure, one can see how a new Ferrari can disturb one's newfound Stoical tranquility and joy. But what if one is not choosing between a materialistic entity which works on the principle of decreasing marginal satisfaction (hence an increasing indifference, if not dissatisfaction ) and a virtuous good, but between two competing virtuous goods, for example, in being responsible to my children, spouse or parents and being responsible to the duties and commitments of the workplace? The ultimate good of both choices are no different than the Stoic version of the highest goods of tranquility and joy, yet one is often compelled to choose only one, assuming that an acceptable balance between the two means some compromise to this tranquility. To this ultimate competition of ultimate goods, Mr Irvine's Stoicism has nothing to say. This is not to say that Mr Irvine's account is a straw-man account. But very often, perplexities and anxieties in life has to do with the competition of virtuous goods, and not to the marginal acquisition of a Ferrari or a Renoir. Perhaps this was why Marcus Aurelius hastened his own death as a public servant-emperor, who most likely, had to choose between two competing goods as a Stoic.
In addition, what about those who collect Ferraris and Renoirs so they can appreciate their beauty? Because Mr Irvine assumes that crass materialism has solely been undertaken for the envy of our neighbors, Mr Irvine also misses the point that a good number of 'materialists' out there can also be aestheticians. Sure, Stoicism dismisses connoisseurship, especially connoisseurship that overly commits one to dependency on luxury, Mr Irvine argued. But surely a Stoic would not dismiss the appreciation of beauty through materialism as a path to Stoic tranquility and joy, as one may collect humble stamps and common vases, or grow roses?
Lastly, Mr Irvine's overall account tacitly position his interest in broadly speaking to a certain class of citizens in certain advanced capitalistic economies. Tacitly, I think he was speaking to the middle and upper middle class of the American society. I don't know if Marcus Aurelius or Seneca made that assumption, though both were reputably wealthy individuals who had SOMETHING they can imagine themselves losing and hence, feel content through the practice of negative visualization. But it is true that in the world today, there are many who have NOTHING to lose; that is, they are not even substantively well-off and have nothing but their own bodies to be exploited and harvested by others. To tell these folks about practising negative visualization is to also mock them. If so, does this demonstrate that Stoicism is a philosophy predicated upon the class structure? To some extent by the absence in Mr Irvine's depiction, yes. But since we know the classical Stoics were not unreasonable brutes, then we must commit to the possibility that something is lacking in Mr Irvine's modern account in an unreasonably unjust world. This, I suppose, would be up to the readers' own musing, for Mr Irvine has nothing to say to this regard.
Indeed, what Mr Irvine fails to mention--and I think if he did, aptly in a time like this--is that personal tranquility and joy may be necessary but not sufficient for a Good Life. Unlike the Greeks or the Romans who blissfully lived their circumscribed spheres thinking that theirs was the known world, Moderns can no longer afford the luxury of a the Good Life based on a Personal notion without relating to the Others (who often do not have it so Good). What we seem to need today, if Stoicism is indeed the philosophical practice for the Good Life, is not only to deflect insult for insult; or to abandon crass materialism for character-building; or to be justly indifferent to external circumstances, but in fact, to broadly engage these external circumstances in a fast-deteriorating and destructively spiraling external world we all inhabit, Stoics and 'materialists' alike. Mr Irvine lamented the demise of Stoicism after the Empire; but likely is the possibility that its notion of the Good Life is limited when Others don't have it so good.
Without such an engagement, even a Stoic may find it difficult to attain the Good Life.
Let me say this first: this is a timely book in view of the Financial Crisis of 2008 transforming into something Unknown and Monstrous for 2009 and beyond. Here, Mr Irvine's book contains not just sound advice for living amid hardship, but also useful tidbits of wisdom in the face of calamity and unrest. But as the Fates would have it, it may be all good but a tad too late.
Even so, Mr Irvine's book is part self-reflection, part 'what is Stoicism' (and who the Stoics were), and part how to be a Stoic. If you find yourself immediately put off by the word 'Stoic', don't. Mr Irvine has done marvelously well on explaining why the modern interpretation of 'Stoic' has been more of a misinterpretation than the lived reality of a good life: his reflection of those mundanely trivial but existentially heroic accounts of his own life suffice.
However, what I find singularly troubling is Mr Irvine's ambition in explaining Stoicism at an extremely high level of evolutionary psychology; that the Stoics techniques have been designed to short-circuit what might be the undesirable consequences of human evolution on "autopilot" to the ultimate demise of the human psyche and society (e.g. insatiable greed for security and an extreme one, an eye for an eye to ensure one stays as the Alpha Male for reproduction). But consistent to the claims of the evolutionary psychology one can also find himself inevitably suggesting that because Stoicism exists, it must have also been somewhat effective in increasing the chance for successful reproduction; that merely than short-circuiting anxieties, fears, greed and so on for 'short-term' tranquility, it also acts as a long term catalyst, if not a direct cause for successful reproduction. So is Stoicism a cure or a cause? Is it both? In trying to explain the causes of the symptoms Stoicism tries to cure via evolutionary psychology, Mr Irvine opens up new questions he was not prepared to answer.
In fact, what I find most satisfying, and also where the philosophical lore is the richest, are those direct and honest accounts of living as a Stoic in today's world. For example, in one of Mr Irvine's account of changing a 16 year old car for a 9 year old 'new' one with neither a radio nor a cup-holder brought a smile to my face--indeed, why do we need three jumbo cup-holders and 8000 channels on our car radios today? By 'downgrading', Mr Irvine suggests (he would probably use the word, 'simplifying') our materialistic lives, we are in fact 'upgrading' in virtuous Stoical character-building. I think I see Mr Irvine nodding.
Yet, Mr Irvine shies away from those difficult, pressing questions as the contemporary mouth-piece, if not a modern peer to philosophers like Seneca and Epictetus. Sure, one can see how a new Ferrari can disturb one's newfound Stoical tranquility and joy. But what if one is not choosing between a materialistic entity which works on the principle of decreasing marginal satisfaction (hence an increasing indifference, if not dissatisfaction ) and a virtuous good, but between two competing virtuous goods, for example, in being responsible to my children, spouse or parents and being responsible to the duties and commitments of the workplace? The ultimate good of both choices are no different than the Stoic version of the highest goods of tranquility and joy, yet one is often compelled to choose only one, assuming that an acceptable balance between the two means some compromise to this tranquility. To this ultimate competition of ultimate goods, Mr Irvine's Stoicism has nothing to say. This is not to say that Mr Irvine's account is a straw-man account. But very often, perplexities and anxieties in life has to do with the competition of virtuous goods, and not to the marginal acquisition of a Ferrari or a Renoir. Perhaps this was why Marcus Aurelius hastened his own death as a public servant-emperor, who most likely, had to choose between two competing goods as a Stoic.
In addition, what about those who collect Ferraris and Renoirs so they can appreciate their beauty? Because Mr Irvine assumes that crass materialism has solely been undertaken for the envy of our neighbors, Mr Irvine also misses the point that a good number of 'materialists' out there can also be aestheticians. Sure, Stoicism dismisses connoisseurship, especially connoisseurship that overly commits one to dependency on luxury, Mr Irvine argued. But surely a Stoic would not dismiss the appreciation of beauty through materialism as a path to Stoic tranquility and joy, as one may collect humble stamps and common vases, or grow roses?
Lastly, Mr Irvine's overall account tacitly position his interest in broadly speaking to a certain class of citizens in certain advanced capitalistic economies. Tacitly, I think he was speaking to the middle and upper middle class of the American society. I don't know if Marcus Aurelius or Seneca made that assumption, though both were reputably wealthy individuals who had SOMETHING they can imagine themselves losing and hence, feel content through the practice of negative visualization. But it is true that in the world today, there are many who have NOTHING to lose; that is, they are not even substantively well-off and have nothing but their own bodies to be exploited and harvested by others. To tell these folks about practising negative visualization is to also mock them. If so, does this demonstrate that Stoicism is a philosophy predicated upon the class structure? To some extent by the absence in Mr Irvine's depiction, yes. But since we know the classical Stoics were not unreasonable brutes, then we must commit to the possibility that something is lacking in Mr Irvine's modern account in an unreasonably unjust world. This, I suppose, would be up to the readers' own musing, for Mr Irvine has nothing to say to this regard.
Indeed, what Mr Irvine fails to mention--and I think if he did, aptly in a time like this--is that personal tranquility and joy may be necessary but not sufficient for a Good Life. Unlike the Greeks or the Romans who blissfully lived their circumscribed spheres thinking that theirs was the known world, Moderns can no longer afford the luxury of a the Good Life based on a Personal notion without relating to the Others (who often do not have it so Good). What we seem to need today, if Stoicism is indeed the philosophical practice for the Good Life, is not only to deflect insult for insult; or to abandon crass materialism for character-building; or to be justly indifferent to external circumstances, but in fact, to broadly engage these external circumstances in a fast-deteriorating and destructively spiraling external world we all inhabit, Stoics and 'materialists' alike. Mr Irvine lamented the demise of Stoicism after the Empire; but likely is the possibility that its notion of the Good Life is limited when Others don't have it so good.
Without such an engagement, even a Stoic may find it difficult to attain the Good Life.
June 8, 2015
乇賵丕賯蹖丕賳 賴賲 賲孬賱 亘賵丿丕蹖蹖 賴丕 賲丕 乇丕 亘賴 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 爻乇卮鬲 賳丕倬丕蹖丿丕乇 噩賴丕賳 賮乇丕 賲蹖 禺賵丕賳賳丿. 爻賳讴丕 鬲丕讴蹖丿 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 賴乇 趩蹖夭 丕賳爻丕賳蹖 夭賵丿诏匕乇 賵 賳丕倬丕蹖丿丕乇 丕爻鬲.賲丕乇讴賵爻 賴賲 賴賲蹖賳 賳讴鬲賴 乇丕 亘賴 賲丕 诏賵卮夭丿 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 賴賲賴 蹖 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖 丕乇夭卮賲賳丿 賲丕 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕 賴賲趩賵賳 亘乇诏 丿乇禺鬲丕賳 亘賴 賵夭卮 亘丕丿蹖 亘賳丿賳丿.丕賵 鬲丕讴蹖丿 賲蹖 讴賳丿 讴賴 賳丕倬丕蹖丿丕乇蹖 賵 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 倬蹖乇丕賲賵賳 賲丕 丕賲乇蹖 鬲氐丕丿賮蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 噩夭亍 囟乇賵乇蹖 丌賳 丕爻鬲
March 7, 2014
This popular book won't be of much interest to those who have already read Seneca, Epictetus, Musonius Rufus, and Marcus Aurelius, or, indeed, to anybody who has read a solid introduction to their thought.
Nor would it satisfy those looking for a clear and concise description of Stoic psychological techniques or 'exercises': for that, one might turn to "Stoic Spiritual Exercises" by Elen Buzare.
However, the book may be of interest to those seeking an easy-to-digest introductory exposition of Stoic practice and "philosophy of life".
Be warned, however, that Irvine's treatment of Stoic philosophy is a somewhat idiosyncratic interpretation. Irvine attempts to make Stoicism palatable for modern readers and applicable to their lives. In pursuing this end he may actually have, to some extent, distorted or misrepresented Stoicism. He points out, however, that he is writing to help people find a practical philosophy of life, not to please academics. He also points out that he is but one in a long line of interpreters of Stoic philosophy which stretches all the way back to the ancient world.
"A Guide to the Good Life" is a popular book and probably deserves its popularity: the proof of the pudding is, after all, in the eating. However, it wasn't of much use to me personally, hence only three stars.
Nor would it satisfy those looking for a clear and concise description of Stoic psychological techniques or 'exercises': for that, one might turn to "Stoic Spiritual Exercises" by Elen Buzare.
However, the book may be of interest to those seeking an easy-to-digest introductory exposition of Stoic practice and "philosophy of life".
Be warned, however, that Irvine's treatment of Stoic philosophy is a somewhat idiosyncratic interpretation. Irvine attempts to make Stoicism palatable for modern readers and applicable to their lives. In pursuing this end he may actually have, to some extent, distorted or misrepresented Stoicism. He points out, however, that he is writing to help people find a practical philosophy of life, not to please academics. He also points out that he is but one in a long line of interpreters of Stoic philosophy which stretches all the way back to the ancient world.
"A Guide to the Good Life" is a popular book and probably deserves its popularity: the proof of the pudding is, after all, in the eating. However, it wasn't of much use to me personally, hence only three stars.
April 27, 2024
2.5
讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 蹖讴 賲賯丿賲賴 噩匕丕亘 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖卮賴..丌賯丕蹖 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 鬲賵 賲賯丿賲賴 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴 丿乇 丿賴賴 倬賳噩賲 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫ж� 乇賵 丌賵乇丿賴 亘賴 卮賳丕禺鬲 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴.丕賵 賲毓鬲賯丿賴 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 亘丕賵乇賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 亘乇丿丕卮鬲 賴丕蹖 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賵 賳丿丕賳爻鬲賳 讴丕賮蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘丕乇賴 丕爻鬲 賵 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 丕夭 趩賴乇賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 睾亘丕乇夭丿丕蹖蹖 讴賳賴 鬲丕 賲禺丕胤亘 亘丕 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓 丌卮賳丕 亘卮賴.賲賯丿賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 噩匕丕亘 亘賵丿 賵 賳賵蹖丿 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 噩匕丕亘 乇賵 賲蹖丿丕丿.
亘毓丿 丕夭 亘禺卮 賴丕蹖 丕賵賱蹖賴 讴賴 丨丕賱鬲 賲賯丿賲賴 亘丨孬 賵 卮賳丕禺鬲 賲讴丕鬲亘 賲禺鬲賱賮 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 賲禺鬲氐乇 乇賵 丿丕卮鬲貙 賲蹖乇爻蹖賲 亘賴 亘丨孬 丕氐賱蹖 讴賴 卮丕賲賱 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘丨孬 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 乇賵 賯卮賳诏 亘丕夭 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴..丿乇 亘禺卮 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖蹖 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丿乇賳 丕夭 毓賱賱 亘賴 丕賮賵賱 乇賮鬲賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賴 賵 鬲噩乇亘蹖丕鬲 夭蹖爻鬲 乇賵丕賯蹖 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖讴賳賴.丿乇 丕賳鬲賴丕 賴賲 趩賳丿 賲賳亘毓 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲毓乇賮蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴.
亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕卮 乇賵 賯亘賵賱 丿丕卮鬲賲 賵 賲賵丕賮賯 亘賵丿賲貙亘丕 亘乇禺蹖 賲禺丕賱賮 亘賵丿賲 賵 丕氐賱丕 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 賳賲蹖丿賵賳爻鬲賲卮 賵 丿乇 毓蹖賳 鬲毓噩亘 丿蹖丿賲 蹖賴 爻乇蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕卮 乇賵 賴賲 賴賲蹖賳 丕賱丕賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖賲 丿丕乇賲 丕噩乇丕 賲蹖讴賳賲 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖 讴賴 讴賱賲賴 丕蹖 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賳禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 賵賴蹖趩 丕胤賱丕毓丕鬲蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賲.亘賴 胤賵乇 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賱蹖 丕诏乇 亘禺賵丕賲 亘诏賲 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲蹖诏賴 丕夭 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖 讴賵趩讴 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇 賵 亘賴 趩蹖夭蹖 丿賱 賳亘賳丿 賵 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 賳卮賵.禺亘 丿乇 丕丿丕賲賴 賴賲 賲爻丕卅賱 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳蹖 乇賵 丿乇 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲胤乇丨 賲蹖讴賳賴.
禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賯丕亘賱 丕噩乇丕 賳蹖爻鬲.賲禺氐賵氐丕 丿乇 噩睾乇丕賮蹖丕蹖 賲禺氐賵氐蹖 讴賴 賲丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳蹖賲.丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 亘丨孬 丿蹖丿賲 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘乇禺蹖 噩丕賴丕 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴貙賳賯丿蹖 賴賲 賵丕乇丿 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 丕賵賳胤賵乇 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 趩卮賲 賵 诏賵卮 亘爻鬲賴 賴賲賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 乇賵 丕噩乇丕蹖蹖 亘丿賵賳賴 丕賲丕 賴乇 趩賴 丕夭 丕乇丕卅賴 賲胤丕賱亘 诏匕卮鬲貙丕蹖賳 丨爻賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 讴賲鬲乇 卮丿.賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 爻丕丿賴 亘蹖丕賳 卮丿賴 亘賵丿 賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨丕鬲 讴丕賮蹖 賵 亘毓囟丕 夭蹖丕丿蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 賲賵囟賵毓丕鬲 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳 丿丕丿賴 亘賵丿.賲賳 趩蹖夭蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 賳禺賵賳丿賲 賵 丕胤賱丕毓蹖 賳丿丕乇賲貙丕賲丕 鬲丕 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳賲 賮賱爻賮賴 爻禺鬲 禺賵丕賳賴貙賳賲蹖丿賵賳賲 亘賴 丕蹖賳 卮讴賱 爻丕丿賴 讴乇丿賳 賲賮丕賴蹖賲 丌蹖丕 讴丕乇 禺賵亘蹖賴 蹖丕 賳賴.丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 爻丕丿賴 賮賴賲 讴乇丿賳 丕诏乇 賲胤丕賱亘 賲賴賲蹖 匕亘丨 卮丿賴 亘丕卮賴 亘賴 诏賲丕賳賲 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 毓亘孬 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 丕蹖爻鬲.賲賵囟賵毓蹖 讴賴 爻禺鬲賴 賵 賳蹖丕夭賲賳丿 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲 夭蹖丕丿 賵 鬲賮讴乇 賴爻鬲爻卮 丕诏乇 禺蹖賱蹖 亘禺賵丕丿 爻丕丿賴 亘蹖丕賳 亘卮賴貙亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 乇賳诏 賵 亘賵蹖 鬲噩丕乇蹖 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 禺賵丿卮 亘诏蹖乇賴 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賴賲貙丌賮鬲蹖 丕爻鬲.亘丕夭 賴賲 賲毓鬲賯丿賲 丿賵爻鬲丕賳蹖 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 禺賵丕賳 賴爻鬲賳丿 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 亘丕蹖丿 賳馗乇丕卮鬲賵賳 乇賵 亘蹖丕賳 讴賳賳丿.
賴乇 趩賴 丕夭 乇賵賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 诏匕卮鬲貙毓賱丕賯賴 賲賳 亘賴 亘丨孬 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 賵 賲賮丕賴蹖賲蹖 讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿卮賵賳 氐丨亘鬲 賲蹖讴乇丿 讴賲鬲乇 賵 讴賲鬲乇 賲蹖卮丿 賵 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘乇賯乇丕乇 讴乇丿賳 亘丕 賲賵囟賵毓 丿卮賵丕乇鬲乇.賮讴乇 賲蹖讴賳賲 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 賲匕賴亘蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿貙爻禺鬲 亘鬲賵賳賳丿 亘丕 讴鬲丕亘 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘乇賯乇丕乇 讴賳賳丿 賵 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賲匕賴亘蹖 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 讴賳丕乇 亘蹖丕賳.丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 倬乇 鬲讴乇丕乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 讴賴 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘賵丿貙卮丕蹖丿 亘丕 亘禺卮蹖卮 賲賵丕賮賯 亘賵丿賲 丕賲丕 賳鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 亘丕 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓 亘賴 胤賵乇 讴丕賲賱 讴賳丕乇 亘蹖丕賲.賲蹖卮賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賴乇 賲賵囟賵毓 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲噩夭丕 亘丨孬 讴乇丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 賳賵卮鬲丕乇 讴丕乇蹖 丕爻鬲 睾蹖乇 囟乇賵乇蹖 賵 睾蹖乇 賱丕夭賲.毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 夭蹖丕丿 丿賵爻鬲 賳丿丕卮鬲賲 丕賲丕 丕夭 賲胤丕賱毓賴 丕卮 倬卮蹖賲丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲賲.亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賱丕夭賲 亘賵丿 亘禺賵賳賲 賵 卮丕蹖丿 丿乇 丌蹖賳丿赖 讴賴 賴賲 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 賲卮鬲賯丕鬲卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇 禺賵賳丿賲 賵 賴賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲胤賱亘 讴賲蹖 鬲賴 賳卮蹖賳 卮丿 賳馗乇賲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 讴乇丿.
讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 鬲乇噩賲賴 賲賳丕爻亘蹖 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 亘賵丿 賵 賲賳 賳卮乇 诏賲丕賳 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲貙賳卮乇 賯賯賳賵爻 賴賲 鬲賵爻胤 賲丨賲丿 蹖賵爻賮蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴乇丿賴..
丕蹖乇丕丿 亘賳蹖 丕爻乇丕卅蹖賱蹖:爻丕蹖夭 賮賵賳鬲 卮賲丕乇賴 氐賮丨賴 賴丕蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賲蹖鬲賵賳爻鬲 讴賵趩讴鬲乇 亘丕卮賴 .飦�
讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 蹖讴 賲賯丿賲賴 噩匕丕亘 卮乇賵毓 賲蹖卮賴..丌賯丕蹖 賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 鬲賵 賲賯丿賲賴 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴 丿乇 丿賴賴 倬賳噩賲 夭賳丿诏蹖鈥屫ж� 乇賵 丌賵乇丿賴 亘賴 卮賳丕禺鬲 賲讴鬲亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 丿乇 讴鬲丕亘 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴.丕賵 賲毓鬲賯丿賴 亘爻蹖丕乇蹖 丕夭 亘丕賵乇賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵噩賵丿 丿丕乇賴 賳丕卮蹖 丕夭 亘乇丿丕卮鬲 賴丕蹖 丕卮鬲亘丕賴 賵 賳丿丕賳爻鬲賳 讴丕賮蹖 丿乇 丕蹖賳 亘丕乇賴 丕爻鬲 賵 爻毓蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴 丕夭 趩賴乇賴 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 睾亘丕乇夭丿丕蹖蹖 讴賳賴 鬲丕 賲禺丕胤亘 亘丕 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓 丌卮賳丕 亘卮賴.賲賯丿賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 噩匕丕亘 亘賵丿 賵 賳賵蹖丿 蹖讴 讴鬲丕亘 噩匕丕亘 乇賵 賲蹖丿丕丿.
亘毓丿 丕夭 亘禺卮 賴丕蹖 丕賵賱蹖賴 讴賴 丨丕賱鬲 賲賯丿賲賴 亘丨孬 賵 卮賳丕禺鬲 賲讴丕鬲亘 賲禺鬲賱賮 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 賲禺鬲氐乇 乇賵 丿丕卮鬲貙 賲蹖乇爻蹖賲 亘賴 亘丨孬 丕氐賱蹖 讴賴 卮丕賲賱 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 亘丨孬 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 乇賵 賯卮賳诏 亘丕夭 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨 賲蹖丿賴..丿乇 亘禺卮 丕賳鬲賴丕蹖蹖 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丿乇賳 丕夭 毓賱賱 亘賴 丕賮賵賱 乇賮鬲賳 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 丨乇賮 賲蹖夭賳賴 賵 鬲噩乇亘蹖丕鬲 夭蹖爻鬲 乇賵丕賯蹖 禺賵丿卮 乇賵 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖讴賳賴.丿乇 丕賳鬲賴丕 賴賲 趩賳丿 賲賳亘毓 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲蹖 亘乇丕蹖 禺賵丕賳丿賳 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲毓乇賮蹖 賲蹖讴賳賴.
亘乇禺蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕卮 乇賵 賯亘賵賱 丿丕卮鬲賲 賵 賲賵丕賮賯 亘賵丿賲貙亘丕 亘乇禺蹖 賲禺丕賱賮 亘賵丿賲 賵 丕氐賱丕 讴丕乇亘乇丿蹖 賳賲蹖丿賵賳爻鬲賲卮 賵 丿乇 毓蹖賳 鬲毓噩亘 丿蹖丿賲 蹖賴 爻乇蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕卮 乇賵 賴賲 賴賲蹖賳 丕賱丕賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖賲 丿丕乇賲 丕噩乇丕 賲蹖讴賳賲 丿乇 丨丕賱蹖 讴賴 讴賱賲賴 丕蹖 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賳禺賵賳丿賴 亘賵丿賲 賵賴蹖趩 丕胤賱丕毓丕鬲蹖 賳丿丕卮鬲賲.亘賴 胤賵乇 禺蹖賱蹖 讴賱蹖 丕诏乇 亘禺賵丕賲 亘诏賲 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲蹖诏賴 丕夭 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖 讴賵趩讴 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇 賵 亘賴 趩蹖夭蹖 丿賱 賳亘賳丿 賵 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 賳卮賵.禺亘 丿乇 丕丿丕賲賴 賴賲 賲爻丕卅賱 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳蹖 乇賵 丿乇 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 賲胤乇丨 賲蹖讴賳賴.
禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 丿乇 噩賴丕賳 丕賲乇賵夭蹖 賯丕亘賱 丕噩乇丕 賳蹖爻鬲.賲禺氐賵氐丕 丿乇 噩睾乇丕賮蹖丕蹖 賲禺氐賵氐蹖 讴賴 賲丕 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖讴賳蹖賲.丿乇 丕亘鬲丿丕蹖 亘丨孬 丿蹖丿賲 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 亘乇禺蹖 噩丕賴丕 亘賴 丌賳趩賴 丕夭 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲毓乇蹖賮 賲蹖讴賳賴貙賳賯丿蹖 賴賲 賵丕乇丿 賲蹖讴賳賴 賵 丕賵賳胤賵乇 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 趩卮賲 賵 诏賵卮 亘爻鬲賴 賴賲賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 乇賵 丕噩乇丕蹖蹖 亘丿賵賳賴 丕賲丕 賴乇 趩賴 丕夭 丕乇丕卅賴 賲胤丕賱亘 诏匕卮鬲貙丕蹖賳 丨爻賳 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 讴賲鬲乇 卮丿.賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 氐賵乇鬲 爻丕丿賴 亘蹖丕賳 卮丿賴 亘賵丿 賵 鬲賵囟蹖丨丕鬲 讴丕賮蹖 賵 亘毓囟丕 夭蹖丕丿蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 賲賵囟賵毓丕鬲 诏賵賳丕诏賵賳 丿丕丿賴 亘賵丿.賲賳 趩蹖夭蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 賳禺賵賳丿賲 賵 丕胤賱丕毓蹖 賳丿丕乇賲貙丕賲丕 鬲丕 噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖丿賵賳賲 賮賱爻賮賴 爻禺鬲 禺賵丕賳賴貙賳賲蹖丿賵賳賲 亘賴 丕蹖賳 卮讴賱 爻丕丿賴 讴乇丿賳 賲賮丕賴蹖賲 丌蹖丕 讴丕乇 禺賵亘蹖賴 蹖丕 賳賴.丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 爻丕丿賴 賮賴賲 讴乇丿賳 丕诏乇 賲胤丕賱亘 賲賴賲蹖 匕亘丨 卮丿賴 亘丕卮賴 亘賴 诏賲丕賳賲 丕蹖賳 讴丕乇 毓亘孬 賵 亘蹖賴賵丿賴 丕蹖爻鬲.賲賵囟賵毓蹖 讴賴 爻禺鬲賴 賵 賳蹖丕夭賲賳丿 賲胤丕賱毓丕鬲 夭蹖丕丿 賵 鬲賮讴乇 賴爻鬲爻卮 丕诏乇 禺蹖賱蹖 亘禺賵丕丿 爻丕丿賴 亘蹖丕賳 亘卮賴貙亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 乇賳诏 賵 亘賵蹖 鬲噩丕乇蹖 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 禺賵丿卮 亘诏蹖乇賴 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 賲賴賲貙丌賮鬲蹖 丕爻鬲.亘丕夭 賴賲 賲毓鬲賯丿賲 丿賵爻鬲丕賳蹖 讴賴 賮賱爻賮賴 禺賵丕賳 賴爻鬲賳丿 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丕蹖賳 賲賵囟賵毓 亘丕蹖丿 賳馗乇丕卮鬲賵賳 乇賵 亘蹖丕賳 讴賳賳丿.
賴乇 趩賴 丕夭 乇賵賳丿 讴鬲丕亘 诏匕卮鬲貙毓賱丕賯賴 賲賳 亘賴 亘丨孬 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 賵 賲賮丕賴蹖賲蹖 讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿卮賵賳 氐丨亘鬲 賲蹖讴乇丿 讴賲鬲乇 賵 讴賲鬲乇 賲蹖卮丿 賵 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘乇賯乇丕乇 讴乇丿賳 亘丕 賲賵囟賵毓 丿卮賵丕乇鬲乇.賮讴乇 賲蹖讴賳賲 讴爻丕賳蹖 讴賴 賲匕賴亘蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿貙爻禺鬲 亘鬲賵賳賳丿 亘丕 讴鬲丕亘 丕乇鬲亘丕胤 亘乇賯乇丕乇 讴賳賳丿 賵 丿賵爻鬲丕賳 賲匕賴亘蹖 丕丨鬲賲丕賱丕 乇丕丨鬲 鬲乇 亘丕 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 讴賳丕乇 亘蹖丕賳.丕夭 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 倬乇 鬲讴乇丕乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 讴賴 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賳 亘賴 丕鬲賮丕賯丕鬲 賳丕诏賵丕乇 亘賵丿貙卮丕蹖丿 亘丕 亘禺卮蹖卮 賲賵丕賮賯 亘賵丿賲 丕賲丕 賳鬲賵賳爻鬲賲 亘丕 丕氐賱 賲賵囟賵毓 亘賴 胤賵乇 讴丕賲賱 讴賳丕乇 亘蹖丕賲.賲蹖卮賴 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 賴乇 賲賵囟賵毓 賵 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賲噩夭丕 亘丨孬 讴乇丿 讴賴 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 賳賵卮鬲丕乇 讴丕乇蹖 丕爻鬲 睾蹖乇 囟乇賵乇蹖 賵 睾蹖乇 賱丕夭賲.毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 夭蹖丕丿 丿賵爻鬲 賳丿丕卮鬲賲 丕賲丕 丕夭 賲胤丕賱毓賴 丕卮 倬卮蹖賲丕賳 賳蹖爻鬲賲.亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賱丕夭賲 亘賵丿 亘禺賵賳賲 賵 卮丕蹖丿 丿乇 丌蹖賳丿赖 讴賴 賴賲 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 賵 賲卮鬲賯丕鬲卮 亘蹖卮鬲乇 禺賵賳丿賲 賵 賴賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲胤賱亘 讴賲蹖 鬲賴 賳卮蹖賳 卮丿 賳馗乇賲 丿乇 賲賵乇丿 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賵 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖 鬲睾蹖蹖乇 讴乇丿.
讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 鬲乇噩賲賴 賲賳丕爻亘蹖 亘乇禺賵乇丿丕乇 亘賵丿 賵 賲賳 賳卮乇 诏賲丕賳 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲貙賳卮乇 賯賯賳賵爻 賴賲 鬲賵爻胤 賲丨賲丿 蹖賵爻賮蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 鬲乇噩賲賴 讴乇丿賴..
丕蹖乇丕丿 亘賳蹖 丕爻乇丕卅蹖賱蹖:爻丕蹖夭 賮賵賳鬲 卮賲丕乇賴 氐賮丨賴 賴丕蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 賳馗乇賲 賲蹖鬲賵賳爻鬲 讴賵趩讴鬲乇 亘丕卮賴 .飦�
January 1, 2023
丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 蹖丕丿 诏乇賮鬲賲
賲賳胤賯 噩丕賱亘蹖 鬲賵卮 亘賵丿
賵賱蹖 丨蹖賮 鬲賵 卮乇丕蹖胤 乇賵丨蹖 禺賵亘蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賲 讴賴 丕賵賳丕蹖蹖 讴賴 蹖丕丿诏乇賮鬲賲 賴賲 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘亘乇賲
賵賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘丕蹖 賳卮乇 诏賲丕賳 賵丕賯毓丕 賲賮蹖丿賳丿 賵 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖...
賲賳胤賯 噩丕賱亘蹖 鬲賵卮 亘賵丿
賵賱蹖 丨蹖賮 鬲賵 卮乇丕蹖胤 乇賵丨蹖 禺賵亘蹖 賳蹖爻鬲賲 讴賴 丕賵賳丕蹖蹖 讴賴 蹖丕丿诏乇賮鬲賲 賴賲 亘賴 讴丕乇 亘亘乇賲
賵賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘丕蹖 賳卮乇 诏賲丕賳 賵丕賯毓丕 賲賮蹖丿賳丿 賵 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賳蹖...
April 7, 2021
讴鬲丕亘 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賮賱爻賮賴 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 亘丕爻鬲丕賳 賴爻鬲 賵 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 鬲賱丕卮 讴乇丿賴 讴賴 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 乇丕 亘賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕賲乇賵夭賴 賲乇亘賵胤 讴乇丿賴 賵 丕夭 丌賳 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 亘賴鬲乇 丕賳爻丕賳賴丕蹖 賳爻賱 賲丕 讴賲讴 亘诏蹖乇丿
亘禺卮 丕賵賱 - 馗賴賵乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖
亘禺卮 丿賵賲 - 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕禺鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖
亘禺卮 爻賵賲 - 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖
亘禺卮 趩賴丕乇賲 - 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丿乇賳
亘禺卮 丕賵賱 - 馗賴賵乇 乇賵丕賯蹖 诏乇蹖
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亘禺卮 爻賵賲 - 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖
亘禺卮 趩賴丕乇賲 - 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 丿乇 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲丿乇賳
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鄄鄄 卮賴乇蹖賵乇 郾鄞郯郯
爻丕毓鬲 郾鄢:鄢郯
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爻丕毓鬲 郾鄢:鄢郯
August 20, 2022
丕賵丕蹖賱 讴賴 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賳丿賲 賮讴乇 讴乇丿賲 丕蹖賳賴丕 乇丕 丌禺賵賳丿賴丕 賳賵卮鬲賴 丕賳丿 讴賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 禺賵丿卮丕賳 乇丕 亘賴 丕爻賲 乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 鬲賵蹖 倬丕趩賴 賲丕 亘讴賳賳丿.馃槀 賴乇 賱丨馗賴 丕賳鬲馗丕乇 丿丕卮鬲賲 丕夭 賮囟蹖賱鬲 乇賵夭賴 賲爻鬲丨亘蹖 賵 賳賲丕夭 卮亘 氐丨亘鬲 讴賳丿.馃槄 丕夭 亘爻 讴賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 丨乇賮 賴丕蹖卮 卮亘蹖賴 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 毓賲賱蹖 丕爻賱丕賲 賵 丕丨丕丿蹖孬 卮丿賴 亘賵丿 丕賲丕 丨賯蹖賯鬲 丕蹖賳 丕爻鬲. 爻毓丕丿鬲 卮丕賴 讴賱蹖丿賴丕蹖 丌賳趩賳丕賳 賲噩賴賵賱 賵 賲禺賮蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 亘賱讴賴 诏丕賴蹖 亘丕蹖丿 亘賴 賴賲丕賳 賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 賲蹖丿丕賳蹖賲 毓賲賱 讴賳蹖賲.
賮賱爻賮賴 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖讴 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕夭 ^丕爻鬲 賴丕^ 賳賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 亘賱讴賴 丕夭^亘丕蹖丿賴丕^賲蹖诏賵蹖丿. 賴丿賮 丌賳 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲 趩乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 倬乇鬲賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲 讴賴 毓賯賱 賵 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賲噩丕賱 馗賴賵乇 賲蹖丕亘丿. <丕诏乇 丌乇丕賲 賳亘丕卮蹖 賲胤賲卅賳 賳亘丕卮 讴賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲 賴丕蹖鬲 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲.>
乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 丕诏乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖 亘賴 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖 賮讴乇 讴賳. 丌賳诏丕賴 賯丿乇 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賲蹖丿丕賳蹖 賵 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳卮 丌賲丕丿诏蹖 賵 卮噩丕毓鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖 丿丕卮鬲.
趩乇丕 賲丕 丨乇氐 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 賲蹖禺賵乇蹖賲 讴賴 丕夭 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 禺賵丿賲丕賳 禺丕乇噩 丕爻鬲責 賲丕 賲爻卅賵賱 賵馗蹖賮賴 賲丕賳 賴爻鬲蹖賲 賳賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 趩乇丕 讴賴 賳鬲丕蹖噩 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 丕賲丕 毓賲賱 亘賴 賵馗蹖賮賴 趩乇丕.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賴賲 賲孬賱 賲丕 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴 丕蹖 亘乇賲蹖禺賵乇丿賳丿. 乇丕賴 丨賱 丌賳賴丕 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 丕賵賱 丕夭 賴賲賴 亘賮賲蹖賲 趩賴 趩蹖夭 丌賳 賮乇丿 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 賵 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖賲 丌賳 氐賮鬲 乇丕 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲. 丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 鬲丕 賲丕 賳禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賳賲蹖鬲賵丕賳賳丿 亘賴 賲丕 丌爻蹖亘 亘夭賳賳丿 丕蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲丕 賴爻鬲蹖賲 讴賴 丨乇賮 賴丕蹖 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 乇丕 噩丿蹖 賲蹖诏蹖乇蹖賲. 丕诏乇 亘丕 卮賵禺蹖 丌賳 乇丕 丿賮毓 讴賳蹖賲 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 丿蹖诏乇 匕賴賳賲丕賳 乇丕 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 賳賲蹖讴賳蹖賲 亘賱讴賴 鬲蹖乇 丌賳 賮乇丿蹖 讴賴 賲蹖禺賵丕爻鬲 丕毓氐丕亘 賲丕 乇丕 禺賵乇丿 讴賳丿 亘賴 爻賳诏 夭丿賴 丕蹖賲. 丨鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 诏丕賴蹖 亘丿 賳蹖爻鬲 禺賱丕賮 毓乇賮 賳丕賲毓賯賵賱 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴賳蹖賲 鬲丕 倬匕蹖乇丕蹖 夭禺賲 夭亘丕賳 賴丕 卮賵蹖賲. 讴丕乇蹖 讴賴 丕毓氐丕亘 賲丕 乇丕 乇賵蹖蹖賳 鬲賳 賲蹖讴賳丿.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賴賲 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 讴賴 賱匕鬲 賴丕蹖 丿賳蹖賵蹖 賲孬賱 孬乇賵鬲 賵 卮賴乇鬲 趩賳丕賳 丕乇夭卮蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱卮 亘丕卮蹖賲 亘賱讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘亘蹖賳蹖賲 賴丿賮 禺丿丕蹖丕賳 丕夭 禺賱賯鬲 賲丕 趩賴 亘賵丿賴 鬲丕 丌賳 乇丕 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賳蹖賲. 丕诏乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖 賴乇 賱匕鬲 夭賵丿诏匕乇蹖 乇丕 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮 讴賳蹖 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 丕噩夭丕亍 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮卮 鬲賯爻蹖賲 讴賳. 睾匕丕賴丕蹖 賮賵賯 丕賱毓丕丿賴 賱匕蹖匕貙 丕夭 賲賵丕丿 丕賵賱蹖賴 亘蹖 賲夭賴 鬲卮讴蹖賱 卮丿賴 賵 毓丕賯亘鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 趩賳丿丕賳 噩丕賱亘蹖 賴賲 賳丿丕乇丿.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 賲氐乇賮 诏乇丕蹖 丕賲乇賵夭 賳蹖夭 倬蹖丕賲蹖 丕夭 賲丕賵乇丕蹖 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賮乇爻鬲丕丿賴 丕賳丿. 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 賳賴 倬賴賱賵 亘賴 賮賯乇 亘夭賳 賵 賳賴 丕夭 丌賳 丿賵乇 卮賵 亘賱讴賴 亘賴 囟乇賵乇蹖丕鬲 丕讴鬲賮丕 讴賳. 丌賳賴丕 賲卮讴賱 倬爻賳丿蹖 乇丕 蹖讴 賳賮乇蹖賳 賲蹖丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿 賳賴 丕賮鬲禺丕乇.
賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 賳馗乇蹖賴 ^丕賳丿賵賴 亘賴 鬲丕禺蹖乇 丕賮鬲丕丿賴^ 讴賴 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 丕诏乇 賲氐蹖亘鬲蹖 乇丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 亘诏蹖乇蹖貙 睾賲卮 乇賵夭蹖 丿丕賲丕賳鬲 乇丕 賲蹖诏蹖乇丿 丕孬亘丕鬲 鬲噩乇亘蹖 賳賲蹖卮賵丿 倬爻 趩乇丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 賳诏蹖乇蹖賲責 <丕蹖賳 丨乇賮 丕賵 丕毓賱丕賳 噩賳诏 乇爻賲蹖 亘丕 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕爻蹖 丕賲乇賵夭 丕爻鬲.>
丿乇 丌禺乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴賲 鬲丨賱蹖賱蹖 卮禺氐蹖 乇丕 亘诏賵蹖賲 讴賴 丕氐賱丕 丕乇夭卮 蹖讴 賳馗丕賲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 亘賴 趩蹖爻鬲責 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賳 亘賴 丕爻鬲丨讴丕賲 賲亘賳丕 賵 丕孬乇 亘禺卮蹖 丌賳 丕爻鬲. 毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 鬲賲丕賲 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖貙 賲亘賳丕蹖 丌賳 讴賴 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 睾丕蹖鬲 賲蹖丿丕賳丿 睾蹖乇 賯丕亘賱 鬲賵噩蹖賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 趩乇丕 賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賳賴 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丌乇蹖責 丕诏乇 丌乇丕賲卮 亘丕毓孬 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 賮囟蹖賱鬲 丕爻鬲 倬爻 賮囟蹖賱鬲 睾丕蹖鬲 丕爻鬲 賳賴 丌乇丕賲卮. 丕诏乇 賴丿賮蹖 讴賴 禺丿丕蹖丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 禺賱賯鬲 賲丕 丿丕乇賳丿 賳噩丕鬲 亘卮乇蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿貙 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丕 丌乇丕賲卮 賵 毓丿賲 賲賯亘賵賱蹖鬲 噩賲毓 賲蹖卮賵丿責
丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 賳馗丕賲 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賲孬賱 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 賵毓丿賴 賴丕蹖蹖 賲孬賱 亘賴卮鬲 賵 噩賴賳賲 賲賵孬乇鬲乇 丕爻鬲 賵 丕賮乇丕丿 毓丕賲 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 亘賴 丕賱鬲夭丕賲 毓賲賱蹖 亘賴 丕禺賱丕賯 賲噩丕亘 賲蹖讴賳丿 鬲丕 賵毓丿賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賳氐賮賴 賵 賳蹖賲賴. 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 賴賲 亘賴 丌賳 丕毓鬲乇丕賮 賲蹖讴賳丿.
賮賱爻賮賴 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖 蹖讴 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 讴賴 丕夭 ^丕爻鬲 賴丕^ 賳賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 亘賱讴賴 丕夭^亘丕蹖丿賴丕^賲蹖诏賵蹖丿. 賴丿賮 丌賳 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲 趩乇丕 讴賴 丿乇 倬乇鬲賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丕爻鬲 讴賴 毓賯賱 賵 賮囟蹖賱鬲 賲噩丕賱 馗賴賵乇 賲蹖丕亘丿. <丕诏乇 丌乇丕賲 賳亘丕卮蹖 賲胤賲卅賳 賳亘丕卮 讴賴 鬲氐賲蹖賲 賴丕蹖鬲 丿乇爻鬲 丕爻鬲.>
乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 丕诏乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖 亘賴 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 讴賴 丿丕乇蹖 賮讴乇 讴賳. 丌賳诏丕賴 賯丿乇 丌賳賴丕 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 賲蹖丿丕賳蹖 賵 丿乇 亘乇丕亘乇 丕夭 丿爻鬲 丿丕丿賳卮 丌賲丕丿诏蹖 賵 卮噩丕毓鬲 亘蹖卮鬲乇蹖 禺賵丕賴蹖 丿丕卮鬲.
趩乇丕 賲丕 丨乇氐 趩蹖夭賴丕蹖蹖 乇丕 賲蹖禺賵乇蹖賲 讴賴 丕夭 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 禺賵丿賲丕賳 禺丕乇噩 丕爻鬲責 賲丕 賲爻卅賵賱 賵馗蹖賮賴 賲丕賳 賴爻鬲蹖賲 賳賴 賳鬲蹖噩賴 趩乇丕 讴賴 賳鬲丕蹖噩 讴丕賲賱丕 丿乇 丕禺鬲蹖丕乇 賲丕 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿 丕賲丕 毓賲賱 亘賴 賵馗蹖賮賴 趩乇丕.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賴賲 賲孬賱 賲丕 亘賴 丕賳爻丕賳 賴丕蹖 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴 丕蹖 亘乇賲蹖禺賵乇丿賳丿. 乇丕賴 丨賱 丌賳賴丕 丕蹖賳 亘賵丿 讴賴 丕賵賱 丕夭 賴賲賴 亘賮賲蹖賲 趩賴 趩蹖夭 丌賳 賮乇丿 丌夭丕乇丿賴賳丿賴 丕爻鬲 賵 爻毓蹖 讴賳蹖賲 丌賳 氐賮鬲 乇丕 賳丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲. 丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 鬲丕 賲丕 賳禺賵丕賴蹖賲 丿蹖诏乇丕賳 賳賲蹖鬲賵丕賳賳丿 亘賴 賲丕 丌爻蹖亘 亘夭賳賳丿 丕蹖賳 禺賵丿 賲丕 賴爻鬲蹖賲 讴賴 丨乇賮 賴丕蹖 丕丨賲賯丕賳賴 乇丕 噩丿蹖 賲蹖诏蹖乇蹖賲. 丕诏乇 亘丕 卮賵禺蹖 丌賳 乇丕 丿賮毓 讴賳蹖賲 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 丿蹖诏乇 匕賴賳賲丕賳 乇丕 丿乇诏蹖乇卮 賳賲蹖讴賳蹖賲 亘賱讴賴 鬲蹖乇 丌賳 賮乇丿蹖 讴賴 賲蹖禺賵丕爻鬲 丕毓氐丕亘 賲丕 乇丕 禺賵乇丿 讴賳丿 亘賴 爻賳诏 夭丿賴 丕蹖賲. 丨鬲蹖 乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 诏丕賴蹖 亘丿 賳蹖爻鬲 禺賱丕賮 毓乇賮 賳丕賲毓賯賵賱 乇賮鬲丕乇 讴賳蹖賲 鬲丕 倬匕蹖乇丕蹖 夭禺賲 夭亘丕賳 賴丕 卮賵蹖賲. 讴丕乇蹖 讴賴 丕毓氐丕亘 賲丕 乇丕 乇賵蹖蹖賳 鬲賳 賲蹖讴賳丿.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 賴賲 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 讴賴 賱匕鬲 賴丕蹖 丿賳蹖賵蹖 賲孬賱 孬乇賵鬲 賵 卮賴乇鬲 趩賳丕賳 丕乇夭卮蹖 賳丿丕乇丿 讴賴 亘賴 丿賳亘丕賱卮 亘丕卮蹖賲 亘賱讴賴 亘丕蹖丿 亘亘蹖賳蹖賲 賴丿賮 禺丿丕蹖丕賳 丕夭 禺賱賯鬲 賲丕 趩賴 亘賵丿賴 鬲丕 丌賳 乇丕 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賳蹖賲. 丕诏乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴蹖 賴乇 賱匕鬲 夭賵丿诏匕乇蹖 乇丕 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮 讴賳蹖 丌賳 乇丕 亘賴 丕噩夭丕亍 亘蹖 丕乇夭卮卮 鬲賯爻蹖賲 讴賳. 睾匕丕賴丕蹖 賮賵賯 丕賱毓丕丿賴 賱匕蹖匕貙 丕夭 賲賵丕丿 丕賵賱蹖賴 亘蹖 賲夭賴 鬲卮讴蹖賱 卮丿賴 賵 毓丕賯亘鬲 賳賴丕蹖蹖 趩賳丿丕賳 噩丕賱亘蹖 賴賲 賳丿丕乇丿.
乇賵丕賯蹖 賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 丕賳爻丕賳 賲氐乇賮 诏乇丕蹖 丕賲乇賵夭 賳蹖夭 倬蹖丕賲蹖 丕夭 賲丕賵乇丕蹖 鬲丕乇蹖禺 賮乇爻鬲丕丿賴 丕賳丿. 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖诏賮鬲賳丿 賳賴 倬賴賱賵 亘賴 賮賯乇 亘夭賳 賵 賳賴 丕夭 丌賳 丿賵乇 卮賵 亘賱讴賴 亘賴 囟乇賵乇蹖丕鬲 丕讴鬲賮丕 讴賳. 丌賳賴丕 賲卮讴賱 倬爻賳丿蹖 乇丕 蹖讴 賳賮乇蹖賳 賲蹖丿丕賳爻鬲賳丿 賳賴 丕賮鬲禺丕乇.
賵蹖賱蹖丕賲 丕乇賵蹖賳 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 賳馗乇蹖賴 ^丕賳丿賵賴 亘賴 鬲丕禺蹖乇 丕賮鬲丕丿賴^ 讴賴 賲蹖诏賵蹖丿 丕诏乇 賲氐蹖亘鬲蹖 乇丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 亘诏蹖乇蹖貙 睾賲卮 乇賵夭蹖 丿丕賲丕賳鬲 乇丕 賲蹖诏蹖乇丿 丕孬亘丕鬲 鬲噩乇亘蹖 賳賲蹖卮賵丿 倬爻 趩乇丕 賳丕丿蹖丿賴 賳诏蹖乇蹖賲責 <丕蹖賳 丨乇賮 丕賵 丕毓賱丕賳 噩賳诏 乇爻賲蹖 亘丕 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕爻蹖 丕賲乇賵夭 丕爻鬲.>
丿乇 丌禺乇 賲蹖禺賵丕賴賲 鬲丨賱蹖賱蹖 卮禺氐蹖 乇丕 亘诏賵蹖賲 讴賴 丕氐賱丕 丕乇夭卮 蹖讴 賳馗丕賲 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 亘賴 趩蹖爻鬲責 亘賴 賳馗乇 賲賳 亘賴 丕爻鬲丨讴丕賲 賲亘賳丕 賵 丕孬乇 亘禺卮蹖 丌賳 丕爻鬲. 毓賱蹖 乇睾賲 鬲賲丕賲 賲夭丕蹖丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯 乇賵丕賯蹖貙 賲亘賳丕蹖 丌賳 讴賴 丌乇丕賲卮 乇丕 睾丕蹖鬲 賲蹖丿丕賳丿 睾蹖乇 賯丕亘賱 鬲賵噩蹖賴 丕爻鬲 讴賴 趩乇丕 賴蹖趩 趩蹖夭 賳賴 賵 丌乇丕賲卮 丌乇蹖責 丕诏乇 丌乇丕賲卮 亘丕毓孬 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 賮囟蹖賱鬲 丕爻鬲 倬爻 賮囟蹖賱鬲 睾丕蹖鬲 丕爻鬲 賳賴 丌乇丕賲卮. 丕诏乇 賴丿賮蹖 讴賴 禺丿丕蹖丕賳 亘乇丕蹖 禺賱賯鬲 賲丕 丿丕乇賳丿 賳噩丕鬲 亘卮乇蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿貙 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丕 丌乇丕賲卮 賵 毓丿賲 賲賯亘賵賱蹖鬲 噩賲毓 賲蹖卮賵丿責
丿賵賲 丕蹖賳讴賴 賳馗丕賲 賴丕蹖 丕禺賱丕賯蹖 賲孬賱 賲爻蹖丨蹖鬲 亘賴 禺丕胤乇 賵毓丿賴 賴丕蹖蹖 賲孬賱 亘賴卮鬲 賵 噩賴賳賲 賲賵孬乇鬲乇 丕爻鬲 賵 丕賮乇丕丿 毓丕賲 乇丕 亘蹖卮鬲乇 亘賴 丕賱鬲夭丕賲 毓賲賱蹖 亘賴 丕禺賱丕賯 賲噩丕亘 賲蹖讴賳丿 鬲丕 賵毓丿賴 丌乇丕賲卮 賳氐賮賴 賵 賳蹖賲賴. 趩蹖夭蹖 讴賴 丕乇賵蹖賳 賴賲 亘賴 丌賳 丕毓鬲乇丕賮 賲蹖讴賳丿.
January 9, 2022
Stoicism was a philosophical movement developed during the Hellenistic period and later practiced by a number of prominent historical figures, including Seneca and Marcus Aurelius. I was reminded again that this time period saw a flourishing of many competing schools of philosophy with their own ideas about the human condition and their own physical meeting locations to concentrate their followers; these have all but disappeared in the modern times. Human psychology has not changed much on the scale of 2,000 years, making a lot of these schools of thought quite relevant to this day. This work organizes this body of literature into a kind of classical antiquity self-help book. I realized that, without knowing it, I was already following many of the psychological tips and tricks that, according to the stoics, leads to tranquility and the absence of negative emotion.
The book goes into much more detail, but among these are negative visualization to fight our psychological natural tendency of "hedonistic adaptation" (the practice of imagining a regression to your living condition along various dimensions to appreciate its presence), projective visualization, active self-denial (e.g. temporary practice of poverty to appreciate wealth), categorization of worries into those you do or do not have control over, which e.g. leads to fatalism w.r.t. the past and the present, meditation (not in the buddhist sense of clearing your mind, but quite opposite a deliberate, intense psychological practice of the above techniques), etc.
A little bit too long, a little bit too bloated and repetitive, but good fun.
April 23, 2021
丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕蹖蹖 丌卮賳丕 賲蹖 卮蹖賲 讴賴 亘賴 賲丕 丌賲賵夭卮 賲蹖 丿賴賳丿 趩诏賵賳賴 亘丕 倬乇丿丕禺鬲 讴賲鬲乇蹖賳 賴夭蹖賳賴 卮丕丿 亘丕卮蹖賲 賵 丕夭 賱丨馗賴 賱丨馗賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賱匕鬲 亘亘乇蹖賲
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 貙 爻賱賮 賴賱倬 賵 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕爻蹖賴
賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 (亘丕鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘)
讴爻亘 丌乇丕賲卮 : 亘蹖卮鬲乇 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕 賴丿賮卮賵賳 丿乇 乇丕爻鬲丕 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮賴 賵 丕夭 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 禺亘 鬲賵蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丌乇丕賲卮賲 丕賱賵蹖鬲賴 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖 卮丿 讴賴 毓賯丕蹖丿卮賵賳 乇賵 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賲
芦乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕夭 賴乇趩蹖夭 禺賵亘蹖 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 爻乇 乇丕賴卮丕賳 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 丿賴丿 亘賴乇賴 賲蹖 亘乇賳丿 丕賲丕 賴賲蹖卮賴 丌賲丕丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 賱夭賵賲 丿爻鬲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 趩蹖夭賴丕 亘卮賵蹖賳丿禄
芦丕诏乇 賴丿賮 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 乇囟丕蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿 貙 亘賴 讴賲 乇丕囟蹖 卮丿賳 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 毓蹖亘 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 賲賵賴亘鬲 丕爻鬲禄
趩蹖 卮丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲
賲賳 賯亘賱鬲乇 賴丕 賳馗乇丕鬲 诏賵乇蹖丿夭 賵 趩讴 讴乇丿賲 賵 禺蹖賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘賳馗乇賲 噩丕賱亘 賳蹖賵賲丿 丕賲丕 亘賳丕 亘乇 鬲賵氐蹖賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賮丕賱賵蹖蹖賳诏丕 丕蹖爻賳鬲丕 賵 乇囟丕蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬丕丿讴爻鬲 乇賵丕賯 丿丕卮鬲賲 賲賳 賵 賲卮鬲丕賯 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘匕丕乇賲 鬲賵 賱蹖爻鬲 禺乇蹖丿賲 讴賴 丿賵爻鬲 毓夭蹖夭賲 亘乇丕賲 讴丕丿賵 鬲賵賱丿 禺乇蹖丿卮 ^___^
丨爻 卮禺氐蹖賲 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 讴鬲丕亘
賲賳 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 賯爻賲鬲 賴丕蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕賵乇賴丕蹖 禺賵丿賲 賵 鬲賵蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 丿蹖丿賲 賵 亘乇丕賲 禺蹖賱蹖 噩丕賱亘 亘賵丿 丕蹖賳 賴賲爻賵蹖蹖 毓賯丕蹖丿 賵 賵丕賯毓丕 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賲 丕夭 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘
賲禺丕胤亘 讴鬲丕亘 讴蹖爻鬲
芦丕賮乇丕丿 毓丕丿蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丿賱 賳诏乇丕賳 賴丿乇 乇賮鬲賳 毓賲乇 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖卮丕賳賳丿禄
丿乇 噩丕蹖蹖 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖禺賵賳蹖賲 :
芦丕诏乇 讴爻蹖 亘賴 賲賳 亘诏賵蹖丿 丿賳亘丕賱 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 卮亘蹖賴 賴賲丕賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 丕蹖 乇丕 賲蹖 讴賳賲 讴賴 丕诏乇 亘诏賵蹖丿 丿賳亘丕賱 賴賲爻乇 賲蹖诏乇丿賲 (賵蹖跇诏蹖 賴丕卮 乇賵 賲蹖倬乇爻蹖賲) ... 丕蹖賳 蹖毓賳蹖 賴蹖趩 讴爻 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 賴賲爻乇 賲胤賱賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 亘丕卮丿 ...賴蹖趩 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丿乇丿 賴賲賴 亘禺賵乇丿禄
賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘丨孬 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇賵 賲爻鬲孬賳蹖 賳賲蹖讴賳賴(丕蹖賳讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賳賲蹖禺賵丕丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 賵 亘賴 夭賵乇 睾丕賱亘 讴賳賴 乇賵 賴賲 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲)
丕鬲賮丕賯丕 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 亘丕 禺賵丿賲 賲蹖 诏賯鬲賲 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 丕氐賱丕 亘乇丕蹖 蹖賴 丕丿賲 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 賯丕亘賱 丿乇讴 亘丕卮賴責
亘乇丕蹖 賲賳蹖 讴賴 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賲丕賱 賵 鬲噩賲賱 賳蹖爻鬲賲 賵 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇丕賲卮賲 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 禺蹖賱蹖 噩丕賱亘 亘賵丿賳丿 .
丕賲丕 亘丕夭賴賲 丨爻 賲蹖讴賳賲 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕诏乇 丕蹖賳 乇賵丨蹖丕鬲 乇賵 賳丿丕乇蹖丿 亘丕夭 賴賲 禺丕賱蹖 丕夭 賱胤賮 賳蹖爻鬲
氐丨亘鬲 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕蹖蹖 卮丿 丕倬蹖夭賵丿 噩丿蹖丿 乇丕丿蹖賵 乇丕賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕鬲賵賳 噩丕賱亘 亘丕卮賴 丕诏乇 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕蹖蹖丿
賵蹖跇诏蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丕孬乇
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 賵丕乇丿 亘乇 賴乇 賲爻卅賱賴 乇賵 亘乇乇爻蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賴 賵 爻毓蹖 亘乇 倬丕爻禺诏賵蹖蹖 亘賴 丌賳 賴丕 丿丕乇丿 讴賴 丕睾賱亘 丿賱丕蹖賱 賯丕亘賱 賯亘賵賱蹖 乇丕 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖 讴賳丿.
賳讴鬲賴 卮丕蹖丿 賲賳賮蹖:
鬲讴乇丕乇: 丕夭 賳蹖賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 亘毓丿 賲胤賲卅賳賳 丿賵亘丕乇賴 鬲讴乇丕乇 卮丿賳 賲胤丕賱亘 乇賵 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖丿 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 丌夭丕乇 丿賴賳丿賴 亘丕卮賴 丕賲丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賳亘賵丿 趩賵賳 讴賳丕乇 鬲讴乇丕乇 賲爻丕卅賱 賲孬丕賱 賴丕蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丌賵乇丿賴 賲蹖 卮丿 賵 蹖丕 亘賴 賴丿賮 噩賲毓 丌賵乇蹖 亘賵丿.
禺賵亘 賴賲蹖賳噩賵乇 讴賴 賲毓賱賵賲賴 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴賲蹖 賲丿乇賳蹖夭賴 卮丿賴 賳賲蹖丿賵賳賲 鬲丕 趩賴 丨丿 丕賲丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 賴賲蹖賳賯丿 讴賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕 賯丕亘賱 丕噩乇丕 賵 賲賮蹖丿 亘賳馗乇 賲蹖乇爻賴 讴丕賮蹖賴 賵 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲鬲毓氐亘丕賳賴 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿
丿乇 賯爻賲鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲胤丕賱亘蹖 乇賵 賲亘蹖賳蹖賲 讴賴 賳夭丿蹖讴蹖 亘賴 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 丕爻賱丕賲 (賵 丕丿蹖丕賳 丿蹖诏乇) 乇賵 賲蹖卮賴 丨爻 讴乇丿 讴賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕鬲賵賳 噩丕賱亘 亘丕卮賴 蹖丕 賳亘丕卮賴 . 賵 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕 丿賱丕蹖賱 賲賳胤賯蹖 賲蹖丕乇賴
卮丕蹖丿 丕诏乇 亘賴 胤賵乇 噩丿蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 賲蹖禺賵賳蹖丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賱匕鬲 賳亘乇蹖丿.
賮賱丕爻賮賴 丕蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賳蹖賲
賲丕乇讴賵爻 丌丿賱蹖賵爻 貙 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 貙 爻賳讴丕 賵 賲賵爻賵賳蹖賵爻 乇賳賵爻
蹖讴 賲乇賵乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘 賳賵卮鬲賲 賮讴乇讴賳賲 丕賵賳 賵 亘匕丕乇賲 禺蹖賱蹖 乇蹖賵蹖賵 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 賵 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴蹖 亘卮賴 賮毓賱丕 賴賲蹖賳 賵 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 ^__^
丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 鬲乇讴蹖亘蹖 丕夭 賮賱爻賮賴 貙 爻賱賮 賴賱倬 賵 乇賵丕賳卮賳丕爻蹖賴
賲賴賲 鬲乇蹖賳 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 (亘丕鬲賵噩賴 亘賴 賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘)
讴爻亘 丌乇丕賲卮 : 亘蹖卮鬲乇 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕 賴丿賮卮賵賳 丿乇 乇丕爻鬲丕 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 丌乇丕賲卮賴 賵 丕夭 丕賵賳噩丕蹖蹖 讴賴 禺亘 鬲賵蹖 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 丕賳鬲禺丕亘 賴丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丌乇丕賲卮賲 丕賱賵蹖鬲賴 亘丕毓孬 賲蹖 卮丿 讴賴 毓賯丕蹖丿卮賵賳 乇賵 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮賲
芦乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 丕夭 賴乇趩蹖夭 禺賵亘蹖 讴賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 爻乇 乇丕賴卮丕賳 賯乇丕乇 賲蹖 丿賴丿 亘賴乇賴 賲蹖 亘乇賳丿 丕賲丕 賴賲蹖卮賴 丌賲丕丿賴 亘賵丿賳丿 讴賴 丿乇 氐賵乇鬲 賱夭賵賲 丿爻鬲 丕夭 丕蹖賳 趩蹖夭賴丕 亘卮賵蹖賳丿禄
芦丕诏乇 賴丿賮 乇爻蹖丿賳 亘賴 乇囟丕蹖鬲 亘丕卮丿 貙 亘賴 讴賲 乇丕囟蹖 卮丿賳 賳賴 鬲賳賴丕 毓蹖亘 賳蹖爻鬲 亘賱讴賴 賲賵賴亘鬲 丕爻鬲禄
趩蹖 卮丿 讴賴 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 禺賵賳丿賲
賲賳 賯亘賱鬲乇 賴丕 賳馗乇丕鬲 诏賵乇蹖丿夭 賵 趩讴 讴乇丿賲 賵 禺蹖賱蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘賳馗乇賲 噩丕賱亘 賳蹖賵賲丿 丕賲丕 亘賳丕 亘乇 鬲賵氐蹖賴 蹖讴蹖 丕夭 賮丕賱賵蹖蹖賳诏丕 丕蹖爻賳鬲丕 賵 乇囟丕蹖鬲蹖 讴賴 丕夭 倬丕丿讴爻鬲 乇賵丕賯 丿丕卮鬲賲 賲賳 賵 賲卮鬲丕賯 讴乇丿 讴賴 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 乇賵 亘匕丕乇賲 鬲賵 賱蹖爻鬲 禺乇蹖丿賲 讴賴 丿賵爻鬲 毓夭蹖夭賲 亘乇丕賲 讴丕丿賵 鬲賵賱丿 禺乇蹖丿卮 ^___^
丨爻 卮禺氐蹖賲 賳爻亘鬲 亘賴 讴鬲丕亘
賲賳 禺蹖賱蹖 丕夭 賯爻賲鬲 賴丕蹖 讴鬲丕亘 亘丕賵乇賴丕蹖 禺賵丿賲 賵 鬲賵蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 賲蹖 丿蹖丿賲 賵 亘乇丕賲 禺蹖賱蹖 噩丕賱亘 亘賵丿 丕蹖賳 賴賲爻賵蹖蹖 毓賯丕蹖丿 賵 賵丕賯毓丕 賱匕鬲 亘乇丿賲 丕夭 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘
賲禺丕胤亘 讴鬲丕亘 讴蹖爻鬲
芦丕賮乇丕丿 毓丕丿蹖 賴爻鬲賳丿 讴賴 丿賱 賳诏乇丕賳 賴丿乇 乇賮鬲賳 毓賲乇 賵 夭賳丿诏蹖卮丕賳賳丿禄
丿乇 噩丕蹖蹖 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲蹖禺賵賳蹖賲 :
芦丕诏乇 讴爻蹖 亘賴 賲賳 亘诏賵蹖丿 丿賳亘丕賱 賮賱爻賮賴 丕蹖 亘乇丕蹖 夭賳丿诏蹖 丕爻鬲 卮亘蹖賴 賴賲丕賳 鬲賵氐蹖賴 丕蹖 乇丕 賲蹖 讴賳賲 讴賴 丕诏乇 亘诏賵蹖丿 丿賳亘丕賱 賴賲爻乇 賲蹖诏乇丿賲 (賵蹖跇诏蹖 賴丕卮 乇賵 賲蹖倬乇爻蹖賲) ... 丕蹖賳 蹖毓賳蹖 賴蹖趩 讴爻 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 賴賲爻乇 賲胤賱賵亘蹖 亘乇丕蹖 賴賲賴 亘丕卮丿 ...賴蹖趩 賮賱爻賮賴 夭賳丿诏蹖 賳蹖爻鬲 讴賴 亘賴 丿乇丿 賴賲賴 亘禺賵乇丿禄
賵 丕夭 丕蹖賳 亘丨孬 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 乇賵 賲爻鬲孬賳蹖 賳賲蹖讴賳賴(丕蹖賳讴賴 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賳賲蹖禺賵丕丿 乇賵丕賯蹖 夭蹖爻鬲賳 賵 亘賴 夭賵乇 睾丕賱亘 讴賳賴 乇賵 賴賲 丿賵爻鬲 丿丕卮鬲賲)
丕鬲賮丕賯丕 蹖賴 噩丕賴丕蹖蹖 亘丕 禺賵丿賲 賲蹖 诏賯鬲賲 丕蹖賳 賮賱爻賮賴 丕氐賱丕 亘乇丕蹖 蹖賴 丕丿賲 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 賯丕亘賱 丿乇讴 亘丕卮賴責
亘乇丕蹖 賲賳蹖 讴賴 丿賳亘丕賱 讴賲丕賱 賵 鬲噩賲賱 賳蹖爻鬲賲 賵 丿賳亘丕賱 丕乇丕賲卮賲 鬲賵氐蹖賴 賴丕 禺蹖賱蹖 噩丕賱亘 亘賵丿賳丿 .
丕賲丕 亘丕夭賴賲 丨爻 賲蹖讴賳賲 禺賵賳丿賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕诏乇 丕蹖賳 乇賵丨蹖丕鬲 乇賵 賳丿丕乇蹖丿 亘丕夭 賴賲 禺丕賱蹖 丕夭 賱胤賮 賳蹖爻鬲
氐丨亘鬲 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕蹖蹖 卮丿 丕倬蹖夭賵丿 噩丿蹖丿 乇丕丿蹖賵 乇丕賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕鬲賵賳 噩丕賱亘 亘丕卮賴 丕诏乇 讴賲丕賱诏乇丕蹖蹖丿
賵蹖跇诏蹖 賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 丕孬乇
賳賵蹖爻賳丿賴 賳賯丿賴丕蹖 賵丕乇丿 亘乇 賴乇 賲爻卅賱賴 乇賵 亘乇乇爻蹖 賲蹖 讴賳賴 賵 爻毓蹖 亘乇 倬丕爻禺诏賵蹖蹖 亘賴 丌賳 賴丕 丿丕乇丿 讴賴 丕睾賱亘 丿賱丕蹖賱 賯丕亘賱 賯亘賵賱蹖 乇丕 亘蹖丕賳 賲蹖 讴賳丿.
賳讴鬲賴 卮丕蹖丿 賲賳賮蹖:
鬲讴乇丕乇: 丕夭 賳蹖賲賴 讴鬲丕亘 亘賴 亘毓丿 賲胤賲卅賳賳 丿賵亘丕乇賴 鬲讴乇丕乇 卮丿賳 賲胤丕賱亘 乇賵 賲蹖 亘蹖賳蹖丿 讴賴 卮丕蹖丿 丌夭丕乇 丿賴賳丿賴 亘丕卮賴 丕賲丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 丕蹖賳胤賵乇 賳亘賵丿 趩賵賳 讴賳丕乇 鬲讴乇丕乇 賲爻丕卅賱 賲孬丕賱 賴丕蹖 噩丿蹖丿 丌賵乇丿賴 賲蹖 卮丿 賵 蹖丕 亘賴 賴丿賮 噩賲毓 丌賵乇蹖 亘賵丿.
禺賵亘 賴賲蹖賳噩賵乇 讴賴 賲毓賱賵賲賴 毓賯丕蹖丿 乇賵丕賯蹖賵賳 鬲賵蹖 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 讴賲蹖 賲丿乇賳蹖夭賴 卮丿賴 賳賲蹖丿賵賳賲 鬲丕 趩賴 丨丿 丕賲丕 亘乇丕蹖 賲賳 賴賲蹖賳賯丿 讴賴 乇丕賴讴丕乇賴丕 賯丕亘賱 丕噩乇丕 賵 賲賮蹖丿 亘賳馗乇 賲蹖乇爻賴 讴丕賮蹖賴 賵 丕蹖賳讴賴 賲鬲毓氐亘丕賳賴 賳蹖爻鬲賳丿
丿乇 賯爻賲鬲 賴丕蹖蹖 丕夭 讴鬲丕亘 賲胤丕賱亘蹖 乇賵 賲亘蹖賳蹖賲 讴賴 賳夭丿蹖讴蹖 亘賴 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕蹖 丕爻賱丕賲 (賵 丕丿蹖丕賳 丿蹖诏乇) 乇賵 賲蹖卮賴 丨爻 讴乇丿 讴賴 賲蹖鬲賵賳賴 亘乇丕鬲賵賳 噩丕賱亘 亘丕卮賴 蹖丕 賳亘丕卮賴 . 賵 亘乇丕蹖 丕蹖賳 丌賲賵夭賴 賴丕 丿賱丕蹖賱 賲賳胤賯蹖 賲蹖丕乇賴
卮丕蹖丿 丕诏乇 亘賴 胤賵乇 噩丿蹖 賮賱爻賮賴 賲蹖禺賵賳蹖丿 丕夭 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 賱匕鬲 賳亘乇蹖丿.
賮賱丕爻賮賴 丕蹖 讴賴 丿乇 丕蹖賳 讴鬲丕亘 丕夭 丌賳賴丕 賲蹖禺賵丕賳蹖賲
賲丕乇讴賵爻 丌丿賱蹖賵爻 貙 丕倬蹖讴鬲鬲賵爻 貙 爻賳讴丕 賵 賲賵爻賵賳蹖賵爻 乇賳賵爻
蹖讴 賲乇賵乇 丿乇亘丕乇賴 賲胤丕賱亘 讴鬲丕亘 賳賵卮鬲賲 賮讴乇讴賳賲 丕賵賳 賵 亘匕丕乇賲 禺蹖賱蹖 乇蹖賵蹖賵 胤賵賱丕賳蹖 賵 賵丨卮鬲賳丕讴蹖 亘卮賴 賮毓賱丕 賴賲蹖賳 賵 丿丕卮鬲賴 亘丕卮蹖賲 ^__^
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