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“Don鈥檛 misunderstand me. The terrorist actions of Al-Qaeda were and are unmitigatedly evil. But the astonishing naivety which decreed that America as a whole was a pure, innocent victim, so that the world could be neatly divided up into evil people (particularly Arabs) and good people (particularly Americans and Israelis), and that the latter had a responsibility now to punish the former, is a large-scale example of what I鈥檓 talking about - just as it is immature and naive to suggest the mirror image of this view, namely that the western world is guilty in all respects and that all protestors and terrorists are therefore completely justified in what they do. In the same way, to suggest that all who possess guns should be locked up, or (the American mirror-image of this view) that everyone should carry guns so that good people can shoot bad ones before they can get up to their tricks, is simply a failure to think into the depths of what鈥檚 going on.”
― N.T. Wright, Evil and the Justice of God

“The more we claim to discriminate between cultures and customs as good and bad, the more completely do we identify ourselves with those we would condemn. By refusing to consider as human those who seem to us to be the most 鈥渟avage鈥� or 鈥渂arbarous鈥� of their representatives, we merely adopt one of their own characteristic attitudes. The barbarian is, first and foremost, the man who believes in barbarism.”
― Claude L茅vi-Strauss, Race et histoire

“Insularity is the foundation of ethnocentrism and intolerance; when you only know of those like yourself, it is easy to imagine that you are alone in the world or alone in being good and right in the world. Exposure to diversity, on the contrary, is the basis for relativism and tolerance; when you are forced to face and accept the Other as real, unavoidable, and ultimately valuable, you cannot help but see yourself and your 'truths' in a new - and trouble - way.”
― David Eller

“Beauty has laws, and an appreciation of them is not possessed equally by all. The more primitive and ignorant a race, or class, the less it knows of true beauty. The Indian basket-maker wove beautiful things but they did not know it; give them the cheap and ugly productions of our greedy "market" and they like them better. They may unconsciously produce beauty, but they do not consciously select it.”
― Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Home: Its Work and Influence (Volume 1)

“Saying something is 'politically correct' is often a way of dismissing the voices of the oppressed.”
― DaShanne Stokes

“The Kingdom of God wasn't born on the Fourth of July.”
― Matt Chandler, Recovering Redemption: How Christ Changes Everything, Leader Kit

“Many a survivor of a plane crash who is or was against cannibalism and had never eaten human flesh once found themselves in a situation where they had to either eat human flesh, or go the way of all flesh.”
― Mokokoma Mokhonoana, The Use and Misuse of Children

“Every new generation believes its own period to be absolutely superior intellectually - greater than all past cultures yet equal among its modern cultures.”
― Criss Jami, Healology

“The antidote to feel-good history is not feel-bad history but honest and inclusive history. If textbook authors feel compelled to give good moral instruction, the way origin myths have always done, they could accomplish this aim by allowing students to learn both the "good" and the "bad" sides of the Pilgrim tale. Conflict would then become part of the story, and students might discover that the knowledge they gain has implication for their lives today. Correctly taught, the issues of the era of the first Thanksgiving could help Americans grow more thoughtful and more tolerant, rather than more ethnocentric.”
― James W. Loewen, Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong

“We have the same dirt under our shoes as they do.”
― Stacey Lee, Outrun the Moon

“Certain English geologists produced confusion by embracing continental drift and then drawing up narratives and maps that showed continents moving all over the earth with respect to a fixed and undriftable England.”
― John McPhee, Basin and Range

“Instead of the former divinely appointed aims of the Jewish, Greek, or Roman nations, which ancient historians regarded as representing the progress of humanity, modern history has postulated its own aims- the welfare of the French, German, or English people, or, in its highest abstraction, the welfare and civilization of humanity in general, by which is usually meant that of the peoples occupying a small northwesterly portion of a large continent.”
― Leo Tolstoy

“In most cases, travelling does not really broaden one鈥檚 mind; it merely shows or reminds one that one鈥檚 mind is narrow.”
― Mokokoma Mokhonoana

“The popular claim that 鈥渞eal socialism has never been tried鈥� implies that all the Hispanic, Asian, Slavic, and African cultures that did attempted it were not up to the task. It is a form of racial slur that exposes the ethnocentric elitism at the core of Western collectivists.”
― A.E. Samaan

“No centrism based on the temporary historical "glory" of any nation or region should any longer be allowed to distort our universal human understanding of our one world history.”
― Andr茅 Gunder Frank and Barry K. Gills

“But what is identity really? What is it to 鈥榖elong鈥� when we cast ourselves in the mold of a social group? I ask this, in spite of my implicit allegiance to one; yet, it is a worthwhile question. I mean, really, what does it even mean to share a commonality of blood or language or religion or heritage or context or economy or trade鈥攁nd what value does this sharing of common traits, values and experiences truly have when there exists already a larger model of connection and commonality enveloping these disparate identities whole...? Do we pout at our inadequacies in the face of a 鈥渟omething鈥� that is slightly more heterogeneous in its model of belonging? Sometimes, we simply must let go and chalk up all these movements to an inveterate (and arbitrary) sense of pride.”
― Ashim Shanker

“The racial conflict and self-segregation described [...] are not what we would expect if widespread assumptions about the advantages of diversity are true. The prevailing view in the media and some parts of academia is that race is not even a legitimate biological category, and that it is only because of prejudiced conditioning that we even notice it.
This view ignores the large body of scientific work that suggests racial and ethnic consciousness is deeply rooted in human psychology. Our species seems to have an instinct for determining who is in our group and who is not. Studies of individuals point to unconscious processes in the brain that reflect a suspicion of people unlike ourselves, leading some researchers to conclude that ethnocentrism is part of human nature.
At the same time, studies at the group level show that ethnic conflict is universal. In all countries, diversity of religion, ethnicity, or race causes conflict. For the better part of the post-war period, sociologists and political scientists downplayed ethnic conflict, on the assumption that it was a pre modern relic that would be replaced by competition based on class or professional affiliation. This has not happened. As one researcher has concluded, 鈥渆thnicity based on common descent tends to be more important than class based on common interest. Blood runs thicker than money.鈥�
It is from two directions, therefore, that scientists have begun to question the view that ethnic or racial mixing can be easily achieved. Laboratory investigations of individuals have found what may be tribal or ethnocentric instincts, while analysis of societies suggests that diversity invariably brings conflict.”
― Jared Taylor, White Identity: Racial Consciousness in the 21st Century

“There is a theoretical framework that explains ethnocentrism. As the Belgian authority on ethnic relations Pierre L. van den Berghe put it more than 25 years ago, 鈥淭he degree of cooperation between organisms can be expected to be a direct function of the proportion of the genes they share; conversely, the degree of conflict between them is an inverse function of the proportion of shared genes.鈥�
Van den Berghe used the word 鈥渙rganisms鈥� because he found this principle true in animals as well as people. When there is great genetic distance between strangers鈥攊n the case of humans, when they are of different races鈥攃onflicts are sharper.
It is easy to understand the first part of van den Berghe鈥檚 proposition. People everywhere make great sacrifices for their families. The evolutionary explanation is that everyone shares more copies of his distinctive genes with close kin than with strangers. All forms of life can be viewed as striving to pass on their genes to future generations. Each individual therefore has a 鈥済enetic interest鈥� in close relatives, which helps explain solidarity and cooperation within families.”
― Jared Taylor, White Identity: Racial Consciousness in the 21st Century

“In many ways, the language, the sect, and the ethnicity are the IDs in post-U.S. occupation Iraq鈥攖he 'new Iraq'.”
― Louis Yako, Bullets in Envelopes: Iraqi Academics in Exile

“THE STRATEGIC CONSEQUENCES OF CHINESE RACISM: A Strategic Asymmetry for the United States
Draft Report
Submitted 7 January 2013
Project Number: HQ006721370003000

Since our genus Homo first evolved in the Pliocene, humans have favored those who are biologically related. In general, the closer the relationship, the greater the preferential treatment. The vast majority of animals behave in this way, and humans are no different. In a world of scarce resources and many threats, the evolutionary process would select nepotism, thus promoting the survival of the next generation. However, this process is relative. Parents are more willing to provide for their own children than for the children of relatives, or rarely for those of strangers.

The essence of an inclusive fitness explanation of ethnocentrism, then, is that individuals generally should be more willing to support, privilege, and sacrifice for their own family, then their more distant kin, their ethnic group, and then others, such as a global community, in decreasing order of importance. ...

The in-group/out-group division is also important for explaining ethnocentrism and individual readiness to kill outsiders before in-group members. Iren盲us Eibl-Eibesfeldt draws on psychologist Erik Erikson鈥檚 concept of 鈥渃ultural pseudo speciation,鈥� and says that in almost all cultures humans form subgroups usually based on kinship; these 鈥渆ventually distinguish themselves from others by dialect and other subgroup characteristics and go on to form new cultures.鈥� ...

When an individual considers whether to support a larger group, several metrics are available. One of these ... is ethnocentrism, a continuation of one鈥檚 willingness to sacrifice for one鈥檚 family because of the notion of common kinship. As I discussed above, the ways humans determine their relations with unrelated individuals are complex, but the key factors are physical resemblance, as well as environmental causes like shared culture, history, and language. ...

I have shown that in-group/out-group distinctions like ethnocentrism and xenophobia are not quirks of human behavior in certain settings. Instead, they are systematic and consistent behavioral strategies, or traits. They apply to all humans... They are widespread because they increased survival and reproductive success and were thus favored by natural selection over evolutionary history. ...

Chinese racism ... is a strategic asset that makes a formidable adversary. ... The government educates the people to be proud of being Han and of China. In turn, the Chinese people are proud and fiercely patriotic as well as ethnocentric, racist, and xenophobic. This aids the government and permits them to maintain high levels of popular support. ...”
― Anonymous

“Many religious disputes at the international level also concern how particular genes are replicating.”
― Avi Tuschman, Our Political Nature: The Evolutionary Origins of What Divides Us

“In many traditions, the next life promises reuniting with the entire tribe in the the next world. Some conceptions of heaven exclude members of out-groups.”
― Avi Tuschman, Our Political Nature: The Evolutionary Origins of What Divides Us

“Both the ethnocentric and anti-ethnocentric extremes arise from the same root, the tendency to make absolute the differences among cultures and traditions.”
― Bernard Faure, Chan Insights and Oversights