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96 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1943
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3568 people want to read
About the author
Albert Camus
981?books35.5k?followersWorks, such as the novels
The Stranger
(1942) and
The Plague
(1947), of Algerian-born French writer and philosopher Albert Camus concern the absurdity of the human condition; he won the Nobel Prize of 1957 for literature.
Origin and his experiences of this representative of non-metropolitan literature in the 1930s dominated influences in his thought and work.
He also adapted plays of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Lope de Vega, Dino Buzzati, and Requiem for a Nun of William Faulkner. One may trace his enjoyment of the theater back to his membership in l'Equipe, an Algerian group, whose "collective creation" Révolte dans les Asturies (1934) was banned for political reasons.
Of semi-proletarian parents, early attached to intellectual circles of strongly revolutionary tendencies, with a deep interest, he came at the age of 25 years in 1938; only chance prevented him from pursuing a university career in that field. The man and the times met: Camus joined the resistance movement during the occupation and after the liberation served as a columnist for the newspaper Combat.
The essay Le Mythe de Sisyphe (The Myth of Sisyphus), 1942, expounds notion of acceptance of the absurd of Camus with "the total absence of hope, which has nothing to do with despair, a continual refusal, which must not be confused with renouncement - and a conscious dissatisfaction."
Meursault, central character of L'?tranger (The Stranger), 1942, illustrates much of this essay: man as the nauseated victim of the absurd orthodoxy of habit, later - when the young killer faces execution - tempted by despair, hope, and salvation.
Besides his fiction and essays, Camus very actively produced plays in the theater (e.g., Caligula, 1944).
The time demanded his response, chiefly in his activities, but in 1947, Camus retired from political journalism.
Doctor Rieux of La Peste (The Plague), 1947, who tirelessly attends the plague-stricken citizens of Oran, enacts the revolt against a world of the absurd and of injustice, and confirms words: "We refuse to despair of mankind. Without having the unreasonable ambition to save men, we still want to serve them."
People also well know La Chute (The Fall), work of Camus in 1956.
Camus authored L'Exil et le royaume (Exile and the Kingdom) in 1957. His austere search for moral order found its aesthetic correlative in the classicism of his art. He styled of great purity, intense concentration, and rationality.
Camus died at the age of 46 years in a car accident near Sens in le Grand Fossard in the small town of Villeblevin.
Chinese 阿尔贝·加缪
Origin and his experiences of this representative of non-metropolitan literature in the 1930s dominated influences in his thought and work.
He also adapted plays of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Lope de Vega, Dino Buzzati, and Requiem for a Nun of William Faulkner. One may trace his enjoyment of the theater back to his membership in l'Equipe, an Algerian group, whose "collective creation" Révolte dans les Asturies (1934) was banned for political reasons.
Of semi-proletarian parents, early attached to intellectual circles of strongly revolutionary tendencies, with a deep interest, he came at the age of 25 years in 1938; only chance prevented him from pursuing a university career in that field. The man and the times met: Camus joined the resistance movement during the occupation and after the liberation served as a columnist for the newspaper Combat.
The essay Le Mythe de Sisyphe (The Myth of Sisyphus), 1942, expounds notion of acceptance of the absurd of Camus with "the total absence of hope, which has nothing to do with despair, a continual refusal, which must not be confused with renouncement - and a conscious dissatisfaction."
Meursault, central character of L'?tranger (The Stranger), 1942, illustrates much of this essay: man as the nauseated victim of the absurd orthodoxy of habit, later - when the young killer faces execution - tempted by despair, hope, and salvation.
Besides his fiction and essays, Camus very actively produced plays in the theater (e.g., Caligula, 1944).
The time demanded his response, chiefly in his activities, but in 1947, Camus retired from political journalism.
Doctor Rieux of La Peste (The Plague), 1947, who tirelessly attends the plague-stricken citizens of Oran, enacts the revolt against a world of the absurd and of injustice, and confirms words: "We refuse to despair of mankind. Without having the unreasonable ambition to save men, we still want to serve them."
People also well know La Chute (The Fall), work of Camus in 1956.
Camus authored L'Exil et le royaume (Exile and the Kingdom) in 1957. His austere search for moral order found its aesthetic correlative in the classicism of his art. He styled of great purity, intense concentration, and rationality.
Camus died at the age of 46 years in a car accident near Sens in le Grand Fossard in the small town of Villeblevin.
Chinese 阿尔贝·加缪
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February 22, 2022
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October 24, 2021
Le Malentendu = The Misunderstanding, Albert Camus
The Misunderstanding, is a play written in 1943 by Albert Camus.
It focuses on Camus idea of The Absurd.
A man who has been living overseas for many years returns home to find his sister and widowed mother are making a living by taking in lodgers and murdering them.
Since neither his sister nor his mother recognize him, he becomes a lodger himself without revealing his identity.
Act 1: The reception hall of a small boarding house, noon.
Act 2: The bedroom, evening.
Act 3: The reception hall, morning.
????? ?????? ?????: ???1977??????
?????: ??? ????? - ????????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????: ???? ???????? ?????? ??? 1328? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???1395? ??120?? ????9789644530111? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? - ??? 20?
??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???1943??????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ??????? ? ????????? ? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????
?????: ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
?????: (???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ?? ? ??? ? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ? ???? ???????? ? ??? ?? ????????? ? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ...? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???????)?
????? ?????? ????? 21/08/1399???? ???????? 01/08/1400???? ???????? ?. ???????
The Misunderstanding, is a play written in 1943 by Albert Camus.
It focuses on Camus idea of The Absurd.
A man who has been living overseas for many years returns home to find his sister and widowed mother are making a living by taking in lodgers and murdering them.
Since neither his sister nor his mother recognize him, he becomes a lodger himself without revealing his identity.
Act 1: The reception hall of a small boarding house, noon.
Act 2: The bedroom, evening.
Act 3: The reception hall, morning.
????? ?????? ?????: ???1977??????
?????: ??? ????? - ????????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????: ???? ???????? ?????? ??? 1328? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???1395? ??120?? ????9789644530111? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? - ??? 20?
??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???1943??????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ??????? ? ????????? ? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????
?????: ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
?????: (???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ?? ? ??? ? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ? ???? ???????? ? ??? ?? ????????? ? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ...? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???????)?
????? ?????? ????? 21/08/1399???? ???????? 01/08/1400???? ???????? ?. ???????
March 15, 2017
SPOILER ALERT
????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ? ???? ?????:
?????? ???? ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ???. ??? ?? ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ??? ?????? ???. ???? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???. ????? ?? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???. ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ????? ???? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ????? ???. ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ???.
?????? ???? 132
????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ? ??? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???.
??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???: "?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ???."
?? ???? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????. ???? ?? ??? ????? ? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????. ? ??? (?? ?? ??? ??????? ???????) ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ? ?? ????? ?? ?????.
??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??
"All the misfortunes of men arise from the fact that they do not speak a simple language," but "in a false sense."
???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????????.
? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????.??? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????. ? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???????. ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????: ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ??? ??? ???. ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????. ????? ?? ?? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ? ???????????????? ???? ???.
????????? ???? ? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ? ???? ????? ???. ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???????.
?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???. ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ? ?????? ???? ????. ?? ?? ?????? ? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??. ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ???? ????????? ? ????? ?? ???? philosophical Drama ???.
??? ???? ?? ????:
??? ???? ????? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??. ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ? ????? ??? ???? ????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????. ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????.
???? 56
?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???. ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???. ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ????. ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ??? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ??????.
???? 82
???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????.??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????: ????? ???: ??
?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???.
February 1, 2025
?Dac? vrei s? ?tii, a fost o ne?n?elegere. ?i dac? ai cunoa?te c?t de c?t lumea, nu te-ai mira” (Martha).
Albert Camus a descoperit subiectul acestei piese cu mult ?nainte de a o redacta.
Meursault, protagonistul romanului Str?inul (1942) pretinde c? a g?sit ?n celul? o bucat? de ziar cu un articol despre o crim? petrecut? c?ndva ?ntr-un han din Boemia. Un t?n?r b?rbat ??i p?r?se?te casa (+ familia: mama ?i sora), pleac? ?n lume ca s? fac? avere, are noroc ?i devine foarte bogat. Peste 20 de ani, se ?ntoarce ?n satul natal. ?ntre timp, s-a c?s?torit, are deja un copil. Vrea s? fac? o surpriz? rudelor. Merge singur la han. Nici mama, nici sora lui nu-l recunosc. ?nchiriaz? o camer?. M?rturise?te c? a str?ns mul?i bani. ?n timpul nop?ii, femeile ?l ucid, lovindu-l cu un ciocan, ?i ?i arunc? trupul ?n r?u. Nu este prima lor crim?. A doua zi, c?nd afl? de la so?ia b?rbatului c? individul ucis era, ?n realitate, fiul ?i fratele celor dou? femei, mama ??i pune la?ul de g?t, iar sora se arunc? ?ntr-o f?nt?n?.
Premiera piesei lui Albert Camus a avut loc ?n 24 iunie 1944. Trama r?m?ne ?n mare aceea?i: dou? femei ucid un om. Mama ??i ucide fiul, sora fratele. Scriitorul adaug? c?teva am?nunte. Oaspetele se va numi Jan, sora lui, Martha, so?ia lui, Maria. Numele Martha ?i Maria trimit la un cunoscut loc din evanghelii.
?nainte de a ?nnopta ?n han, Maria ?l avertizeaz? pe Jan c? ?ncercarea lui poate sf?r?i r?u: ?Dac? vrei s? pari altceva dec?t e?ti, p?n? la urm? ?ncurci totul”. Nimic mai adev?rat. Dialogul dintre Jan, Martha ?i mama lui r?m?ne mereu pe muchia ambiguit??ii. Nici unul nu descifreaz? corect inten?ia celuilalt. Jan ar dori s? fie recunoscut, mama lui ar dori s? plece, Martha ?i sugereaz? c? hanul e un loc periculos pentru c?l?torii boga?i. Nimeni nu spune ce g?nde?te cu adev?rat, totul e aluzie. Conversa?ia e un exemplu de perfect? ne?n?elegere.
Martha ?i ofer? un ceai. Ceaiul e otr?vit...
N-am g?sit absolut nimic ?n textul lui Camus care s?-l lege de ?teatrul absurdului”.
(9.04.22, s?mb?t?)
February 27, 2021
“…la vida es más cruel que nosotras. Quizá por eso me cuesta sentirme culpable.”Una gran obra, dura y pesimista que ahonda en el absurdo que surge entre el fuerte deseo que toda criatura tiene de vivir y la falta de fundamentos sólidos de esa vida, en la búsqueda infructuosa de esos fundamentos, en la terca esperanza de encontrarlos, en la posibilidad de crearlos a nuestra conveniencia, en la fatalidad y la dejación de responsabilidades, en la indiferencia, en la muerte del deseo, en la culpa, y en la opción, siempre presente y disponible, de dejar de vivir y hasta de existir.
Dos mujeres, una, la madre, cansada ya de vivir y con el único deseo de dormir y olvidar, se deja guiar por la otra, la hija, la que todavía conserva el sue?o de salir del país de sombras en el que ha vivido siempre, aunque sea a costa de penetrar aún más en la oscuridad, para llegar por fin a la tierra de la luz, donde “el sol mata las preguntas”. Las dos se han dedicado durante a?os a asesinar a los huéspedes ricos que llegan a su hostal y robarles el dinero que les permita dejar todo atrás.
En frente, el hijo, al que los dioses de la fortuna han favorecido con amor y riquezas, procedente de la tierra del sol, que después de muchos a?os vuelve con su mujer lleno de buenos propósitos para con su madre y su hermana y así despojarse del sentimiento de culpa que sufre por haberlas abandonado.
“… los hombres nunca saben cómo se quiere de verdad. Nada los satisface. Lo único que saben es so?ar, imaginar nuevos deberes, buscar nuevos países y nuevas moradas… Cuando se quiere, no se sue?a con nada.”No es difícil imaginarse el desenlace.
Camus pinta en este cuadro que son madre e hija un mundo terrible, frío, indiferente, aislado por un muro que impide cualquier relación íntima con el exterior y así evitar el sufrimiento. Pero el mundo que se construyen intramuros en aun peor que aquel del que huyen y la madre termina resignada y convencida de que la única felicidad a la que se puede aspirar es la de no sentir. La hija no tardará en acompa?arla.
“Ruegue a su dios que la haga semejante a la piedra. Es la felicidad que él se asigna, la única felicidad verdadera. Haga como él, vuélvase sorda a todos los gritos, sea como la piedra mientras hay tiempo. Pero si se siente demasiado cobarde para entrar en esta paz ciega, entonces venga a reunirse con nosotros en nuestra morada común. ?Adiós, hermana mía! Todo es fácil, ya lo ve. Tiene que elegir entre la estúpida felicidad de los guijarros y el lecho viscoso donde la esperamos.”
January 9, 2025
??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????-????????? ???? ?????? ????-?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???.
???????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????.
??????????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????.
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July 18, 2021
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????????????????????-? ????????????? ????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??, ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??; ??????????? ? ????????? ? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??’? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????, ???? ???? The Old Manservant ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????????? ????? ??? ????? ‘??’? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???; ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????, ?????, ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????
??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ?????-???????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ????? ????????????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????, ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????, ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?’?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??’ ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????, ????? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ????? ???-??????? ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ‘???? ???? ??????’ ??????????? ????????? ‘????????????’ ?????? ?????????? ?????-???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????; ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???, ???? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ????, ????????? ?? ???? ‘??????????’ ????
August 11, 2017
?? ??? ????? ???. ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???. ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????. ?????? ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????. ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????. ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???: ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???. ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????.
April 6, 2023
martha just knew what she wanted, can’t blame a woman for being a girlboss <3
October 15, 2014
The Misunderstanding was written in the year 1943. This play is about the absurdity of communication which may affect human’s relations and their interactions with each other. Though this play was viewed as a bleaker one by critics, Camus did not agree with them and said:
“When the tragedy is done, it would be incorrect to think that this play argues for submission to fate. On the contrary, it is a play of revolt, perhaps even containing a moral of sincerity.”
In brief this play is about a family in which there is a mother, a daughter, a son and his wife. The son leaves his family very early for better shores and does not return for some 20 years. The mother and daughter start providing lodgings to travelers to earn their living. The son, after his return, resolves to hide his identity initially to get to know them better. What he doesn’t know or possibly could have never imagined is that his mother and sister are engaged in murdering their lodgers for money. He has to pay for concealing this information by his life. He is eventually murdered by his own family. The inspiration for this play was an actual murder Camus came to know about from a newspaper.
The thing which startled me about the play was the indifference with which both mother and daughter killed the travelers, and more than that, the daughter’s notion that the money they hence raised could help them in living a good life away from that country of cold clouds. They carried out murders in cold blood though they thought of living in a land of sunshine near the sea. Towards the end when they come to know of their victim’s identity, it is the mother who is filled with sorrow and repentance but Martha still remains indifferent.
Martha, the daughter, is the one who comes closer to being an absurd character in this work. When Camus calls this play, a play of revolt, he is perhaps talking about Martha’s conviction of the absurdness of existence. She says to Maria (Jan’s wife):
Understand that neither for him or for us, either in life or in death, is there homeland or any peace. (With a scornful laugh) Isn’t it true, for one can’t call home this deep earth, deprived of light where one goes to nourish blind animals.
MARIA: (in tears) Oh, my God! I cannot, I cannot bear this language. He wouldn’t have put up with it either. It’s for the sake of another fatherland that he set out.
MARTHA: (who has reached the door, turns round sharply) This foolishness has received its pay. You’ll soon receive yours. (With the same laugh) We are robbed, I tell you that. What is the good of this great calling of existence, this alarm of souls? Why cry out about the sea or about love? That is mockery. Your husband now knows the answer; that appalling house where we’ll finally be squeezed, everyone against each other. (With hatred) You will know it too, and if you were able to then, you’d recollect with delight this day which you still believe to be entry into the most harrowing of exiles. Understand that your grief will never match the injustice done to mankind. And to conclude, listen to my advice. I rightly owe you a piece of advice, don’t you think, since I’ve killed your husband. Pray to your God that he makes you like stone. It’s the happiness that he takes for himself; it’s the only true happiness. Act like him; make yourself deaf to all cries. Go back to stone while there’s still time for it. But if you feel too cowardly to enter into this silent peace, then come to join us in our town house. Farewell, my sister! Everything is easy, you see. You have to choose between the stupid happiness of stones and the slimy bed where we wait for you.
But in calling this play as a moral of sincerity, Camus perhaps emphasizes upon the necessity of clear communication. Since he believed that words and actions should be consistent with one another, if they are not, misunderstandings tend to grow, affecting the ethics of communication and in turn affecting human interactions.
February 22, 2016
???? ????? ???. ??? ?? ???? ???? ? ?????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ???, ? ?????? ?? ?????? ???(????? ) ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ?? ????? ? ???? ???? ??? ??????.??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ? ???? ???????!!..????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????...??? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???.
January 20, 2021
???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???!
April 14, 2023
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October 31, 2017
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May 24, 2012
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June 2, 2023
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February 4, 2018
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August 28, 2023
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December 10, 2024
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May 14, 2023
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October 24, 2017
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June 16, 2016
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October 29, 2024
?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????????
?????? ?? ?????? ?????????.
?????? ?? ?????? ?????????.
August 16, 2015
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November 21, 2024
????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????????.
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March 2, 2019
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February 1, 2020
?? ?? ????? ? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ? ?? ??????. (?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????.)
May 19, 2025
?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??.
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